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【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2023年高考英语模拟卷（新高考II卷）黄金卷06（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出

每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟

的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How

muchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1．Whatdoesthewomanwanttobe?A．Ascientist.B．Amathteacher.C．Awriter.【答案】A【原文】M:Whichsubj

ectdoyoulikebest,Linda?W:Science.IwanttobeascientistwhenIgrowup.2．What’sthedatetoday?A．April2nd.B．April1st.C．March31st.【答案】

C【原文】M:IhopeIcanseeyouatmybirthdayparty.W:I’msogladtobeinvited,butwhenisit?M:Well,onApril2nd,justthedaya

ftertomorrow.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Classmates.B．Teacherandstudent.C．Sellerandbuyer.【答案】A【原文】W:Howmanyboo

ksarerequiredforthecourse?M:Onlytwo,buttheprofessorhassuggestedalonglistasreadingmaterials.W:Oh,Iwillbuythetwobookswhichthep

rofessormentioned.4．Whatdoesthewomanthinkaboutthescenery?A．Dull.B．Exciting.C．Changeable.【答案】A【原文】W:Howmuchlongeruntilwegett

here?We’vebeenonthissameroadforhours,andthesceneryhasn’tevenchanged.M:Anotherhourorso.Iknowwhatyoumean,though

.Itwouldbenicetoseesometalltreesorahillsometime.5．Wherewasthesoundcomingfrom?A．Aphone.B．ATV.C．Acomputer.【答案】A【原文】W:Whatwasthat

sound?Itsoundedlikesomeonelaughing.Issomeoneinthehouse,ordidyouforgettoturnoffthemovie?M:Don’tbesilly.That’sjustsomeonec

allingme.IdownloadedtheringfromtheInternet.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独

白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Howmanypeopleweregoingonthetripatfirst?A．Four.B．Thre

e.C．Two.7．Whydoesthewomanwanttoreschedule?A．Theticketswillbecheaperlater.B．Thetripwillcostmorethanherbudget.C．T

hevenuewillbechanged.【答案】6．A7．B【原文】W:Janetsaysthatshecan’tmakeitthisweekend.M:NowthatsheandPaulbothcanceled,itwilljustbeus.W:

Shouldwestillgothen?Idon’tknowifitisworthit.M:Ithinkweshouldstillgo.Theticketsarecheaperthannormalthisweekend.W:Th

eticketsmaybecheaper,butthehotelwillcostmorewithoutthemtosplitthebillwith.Istillwanttoseethemuseum,butIcanwait.Ionlyputasideenoughmoneyforo

uroriginalplan.M:Iguessyou’reright.Theexhibitionwillnotbemovingforafewmonthsstill.We’llgetanotherchancetoseeitifwereschedule.听第7段材料，回答第8至10

题。8．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Aneventtheyareattending.B．Thingstheyboughtyesterday.C．Themovietheywillw

atchtonight.9．HowwillthewomangettoLaura’shouse?A．Shewilltakeataxi.B．Shewillgotherebybus.C．Shewillaskhermom

todriveherthere.10．Whatwillthespeakersdoafterdinner?A．Gotothemall.B．Gotoanappointment.C．WatchaDVD．【答案】8．A9．B10．C【原文】M:Howareyouplanningtogettot

hebirthdayparty?ShouldIpickyouupinataxionmywaythere?W:Thatwon’tbenecessary.I’matthemallwithmymomrightnow,soI

’mprettyclose.Thereisabusstationrightacrossthestreet.M:Can’tyoujustaskyourmomtodriveyouthere?W:Shehasahaira

ppointment,andshewon’tbefinishedintime.M:That’stoobad.So,areyoubuyingLauraagiftrightnow?W:Igaveittoheryesterdayonheractu

albirthday.I’mjusthereapplyingforajob.M:Goodforyou.Anyway,doyouknowwhattheplanisfortonight?W:Yeah.YouandIwillgotherefirstandhelphersetu

p.Wheneveryoneelseshowsup,we’lleat,andthenwe’llwatchaDVD.M:Soundslikeaplan!听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11．Whydoesthemanoft

engototheconcert?A．Toaccompanythewoman.B．Tolearnfromothers.C．Toimprovehissinging.12．Whatdoesthewomanlikedoingbestinherspa

retime?A．Playingthepiano.B．Learningthetheoryofmusic.C．Practisingtheviolin.13．Wheredothespeakersagreetogo?A．Afamousmusicschool.B．Theman’sunc

le’shome.C．Amusicalinstrumentstore.【答案】11．B12．A13．B【原文】M:Nowweonlyhavefivedaysofclasseseveryweek,sowehavemoresparetimethanbefore.

W:Howdoyouspendyoursparetime,Tom?M:IhavemuchinterestinplayingtheviolinandIcontinuetopractiseplayingi

t.W:Doyouoftengotoaconcert?M:Yes,Ilikelisteningtosomemusic.Atpresent,mymajorpurposeistolearnfromothers.W:Doyou

likeclassicalmusicorpop?M:Ilikeboth.Howdoyouspendyoursparetimethen,Lily?W:Playingthepianoismyfavoriteactivity.M:Ourhobbiesaresimilartoeachother

.Ihopewecanoftenexchangeexperiencetogether.W:SodoI,butI’mweakinthetheoryofmusic.M:Me,too.Wouldyouliketogowithmetomyuncle’s?He’saprofessorofmusic

.W:I’mgladtogowithyou.Iwouldaskhimforhisadvice.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14．Whydoesthewomanneedajob?A．Toearnmoney.B．Togainexperience.C．Toki

lltime.15．Whatshouldthewomandoifshetakesthejob?A．Sortgoods.B．Dothehomedelivery.C．Buysupplies.16．Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A．Shehasnotimeforafter

-classactivities.B．Sheworkshardatcollege.C．Shewillgraduatesoon.17．Whendoestheshopopeninthemorning?A．At8:00.B．At8:3

0.C．At9:00.【答案】14．A15．A16．B17．C【原文】M:Goodafternoon,MissWhite.I’mNolanMoore.So,you’veappliedforthesalesassistantjobonSunday,right?W:Goodafternoon,Mr.M

oore.Yes,I’mlookingforwardtoapart-timejobonweekendstohelpmethroughuniversity.M:Isee.Butdoyouknowwhatyoushoulddoifyoutakethejob?W:Ye

s,Ineedtoputthegoodsontheshelvesinorder,delivergoods,checkonthesuppliesandsoon.M:You’reright.Butyoudon’tneedtodothehomed

elivery.Well,whatkindofstudentdoyouthinkofyourselfas?W:IsupposeI’mresponsible,carefulandpatient.Everyterm,Igetthehighestgradepointaverage.

AndItakeanactivepartinvariousactivities.M:Okay.Nowdoyouhaveanyotherquestions?W:Yes.MayIknowwhattheworkinghoursare?M:Youareexpectedtoarri

veat8:30inthemorning,30minutesearlierthanouropeningtime.Wecloseat6:30p.m.Youcanleavetheshop5minuteslater.W:Okay.HowsoonwillIreceiveareply?M:I’

llinformyouinthreedaysbyemail.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18．Howisthenewsbeingbroadcast?A．OvertheInternet.B．Overtheradi

o.C．OnTV.19．Whichcityistheweatherreportmainlyabout?A．HongKong.B．Shanghai.C．Guangzhou.20．Whenwilltheheavyrainsmovenorth?A．InMay.B．InJu

ly.C．InAugust.【答案】18．A19．C20．B【原文】Goodmorning,thisisSamanthafromTheWeatherService,yourfreeInternetweatherstationwithnewsaroundtheworld

andaroundtheclock.YourpreferredcityisGuangzhou.InGuangzhouthisweek,weexpectmoreheavyrains,sinceweareonlyatthebeginningofJune.Maywasratherdry

,butthestormsshouldpickupagainbeforetheweekend.HongKongisexpectedtogethithardestwiththisnextcycleofrain,buteverywheresouthofShanghaialongthecoast

shouldseesomeamountofrainfall.Guangzhouwillgetaroundfourcentimetersoverthenextfivedays.Anotherbandofraincanbeseenontheradar,butit’

stoofarsouthoverthesearightnow.Soit’shardtosaywhenitwillhitGuangzhou.ThisweatherpatternshouldcontinuethroughJun

eandintoJuly,whentheheavyrainswillfinallymovetothenorthofChina.ThisisthelatestupdateforyourGuangzhouweather.Remember,youcancheckbackatTheW

eatherServiceanytime—dayornight—togetupdatesonyourlocalweatherortheweatherinyourfavoritecity.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.

5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ANewStoriesAwaitJustforYouWelcometothe2022HalLeonardVocal(声乐的)Competition2022willbethetwelfthye

aroftheannualHalLeonardVocalCompetition,aninnovativeonlinecompetitionforsingers.ThisistheonlyvocalcompetitionforallofNorthAmericaaimedatyoungsinger

s,aged23andunder,andoneofthefirstcompetitionsformusicstudentsheldentirelyonlineonYouTube.Unlikealmosteveryotherm

usiccompetition,thereisnoentryfee,makingitaccessibletoanyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,andthenpostsitontheInter

netbythedeadline.Thissavesthecommonlyencounteredexpensesoftravelingtospecificdestinations,asisthecaseinconventionalmusiccompetitions.Itinclud

esfouragecategories:·Children:12andunder·EarlyTeens:13～15·HighSchool:16～18·CollegeUndergraduates/YoungAdults:19～23Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofi

rstplacewinnersineachcategory,andvaluablegiftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondandthird.Giftcertificatesarealsopo

ssibleforthosenamedHonorableMention.Notice:·VideoentriesmustbesubmittedbeforeFebruary2,2022.·Thevideomustcle

arlyshowyourface.Astationarycamerapositionthroughout,showingyourfaceandmostofyourbody,isperfectlyacceptable

,evenpreferable.·Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrommemory.Ifasinger’sperformanceisnotmemoriz

ed,theentrywillbedisqualified.·Youmaysingwithalivepianistinyourvideoentry,oryoumaysingwithofficialHalLeonardrecordedaccompaniments.Wewi

llnotacceptunaccompaniedentries.Youcannotaccompanyyourself.·Youarerequiredtointroduceyourselfandyourselectionsinthevi

deo,eitherverballybeforeyourselectionorwithatitlecardbeforethesongs.21．Howisthecompetitiondifferentfromothermusiccompetitions?A．Itisheldann

ually.B．Itchargesnoentryfee.C．Itisaimedatteens.D．Itofferstravelchances.22．Whatwillgotothefirstplacewinner

s?A．Cashprizes.B．Traveltickets.C．Giftcertificates.D．Expensivecameras.23．Whataretheparticipantsrequiredtodointheirvide

oentries?A．Hidetheirfacesallthetime.B．Accompanythemselvesalone.C．Singsongsfromtheirmemory.D．Avoidintroducingthemselves.【参考答案】21．B22．A23．C【语篇解

读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个音乐比赛的相关信息。【详情解析】21．【B】细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlikealmosteveryothermusiccompetition,thereisnoentryfee,makingitacc

essibletoanyqualifiedsinger,whorecordsavideoofsingingasong,andthenpostsitontheInternetbythedeadline.与几乎所有其他音乐比赛不同的是，该比赛不收取报名费，任何合格的歌手都可以参

加，他们只需录制一段唱歌的视频，然后在截止日期前将其发布到互联网上)”可知，这个比赛与其他音乐比赛的不同之处是不收取参赛费。故选B。22．【A】细节理解题。根据第四段“Acertainamountofmoneyisawardedtofirstplacewinnersineachcategory,

andvaluablegiftcertificatesareawardedtothosesingersplacedsecondandthird.(每个类别的第一名将获得一定金额的奖金，第二名和第三名将获得有价值的礼券)”可知，一等奖的获得者可以获得现金奖励。故选

A。23．【C】细节理解题。根据Notice部分“·Singersarerequiredtosingtheirselectionsfrommemory.Ifasinger’sperformanceisnotme

morized,theentrywillbedisqualified.(·歌手被要求凭记忆演唱他们的选段。如果歌手的表演没有被记住，将被取消参赛资格)”可知，参赛者在参赛视频中必须要脱稿唱歌。故选C。BAfewyearsago,Isparedac

oupleofhoursfrombusyacademiclearningtoworkinavideostoreonadailybasis.Therewassomethingintheelderlywoman’sbehaviorthatcaughtmyeye.Althoughslowanduns

ureofstep,thewomanmovedwithdeliberation,andtherewasnohesitationinhergestures.Andshehadajobtodo.Theelderlywoma

nhadwalkedintothestorealongwithayoungerwomanwhoguessedwasherdaughter.Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofim

patience,checkingherwatcheveryfewseconds.TheolderwomandetachedfromtheyoungeroneandbegantotickthroughtheDVDsont

henearestshelf.Aftertheslightesthesitation,IwalkedoverandaskedifIcouldhelpherfindsomething.Thewomansmiledupatmeandshowedmeatitlescrawledona

crumpled(皱巴巴的)pieceofpaper.Thetitlewasabitdifficulttounderstand.Clearlyapersonlookingforitknewalittleaboutmovies,aboutquality.Ratherth

anrushingofftolocatetheDVDforthewoman,IaskedhertowalkwithmesoIcouldshowherwhereshecouldfindit.Somethingaboutherdelibe

ratemovementsremindedmeofmyownmother,who’ddepartedthislifelastChristmas.Aswewalkedalongthebackofthestore,Inarrateditsfloorplan.Thewomanseemed

gladoftheunrushedcompanyandcasualconversation.Wefoundthemovie,andIcomplimented(称赞)heronherchoice.Then,reluctantly,Ihadtoreturnth

eelderlywomantoherkeeper,whowasstilltappingherfootatthefrontofthestore.Iwalkedovertotheyoungerwoman.“Is

thatyourmom?”Iasked.Sherolledhereyesandsaid,“Yeah.”Therewasannoyanceinherreply,halfsighandhalfcomplaint.Stillwatchingthemother,

Isaid,“Mindsomeadvice?”“Sure,”saidthedaughter.IsmiledtoshowherIwasn’tcriticizing.Iansweredhercuriousexpressionbysaying,“Whenshe

’sgone,it’sthelittlemomentsthatwillcomebacktoyou.Momentslikethis.Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.”24．Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence

“shehadajobtodo”inparagraph1mean?A．Shewasthinkingofwhattobuy.B．Shehadaregularjobinthestore.C．ShewantedtobuyaDVD．D．Shewantedto

askforhelp.25．Whichwordcanbestdescribethedaughter’sbehaviorstowardshermom?A．Impolite.B．Uncaring.C．Tolerant.D．Considerate

.26．Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor?A．Shewasill-informedofqualitymovies.B．Shewasafull-timeemployeeinthestore.C．Sheregrettednotaccompanyinghermom.D．Sh

ecriticizedtheyoungerwomanseriously.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LendahelpinghandtoelderlypeopleB．MotherisnotwhatwecansubstituteC．Thepa

stcannotbecalledbackagainD．Alwaystreasuretheonesyoulove【参考答案】24．C25．B26．C27．D【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个老太太想买DVD，她的女儿却极不耐烦，一个店员注意

到这一点后，耐心地陪老太太找DVD，表现得很体贴，给了她一次不受拘束的陪伴。故文章主要强调的是陪伴和理解的重要性，要懂得珍惜你身边所爱的人。【详情解析】24．【C】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Theolderwomandetachedfromtheyoungeroneandbegantot

ickthroughtheDVDsonthenearestshelf.”（年长的女人离开了年轻的女人，开始在最近的架子上翻看DVDs。）可知，这个老太太与女儿分开后开始扫视最近架子上的DVD，因此可猜测shehadajobtodo“她还有工作要做”指的是“她想买

一张DVD”。故选C项。25．【B】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thedaughterwasdisplayingaseriouscaseofimpatience,checkingherwatcheveryfewseconds.”（女儿表现出

严重的不耐烦，每隔几秒钟就看一下手表。）故可推知，最能描述女儿对妈妈的行为的一词是“心不在焉的”。故选B项。26．【C】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Somethingaboutherdeliberatemovementsreminde

dmeofmyownmother,who’ddepartedthislifelastChristmas.”（她小心翼翼的动作让我想起了我的母亲，她在去年圣诞节离开了人世。）以及最后一段中“Whenshe’sgone,it’sthelittlemomentsthatwillcomebacktoy

ou.Momentslikethis.Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.”（她走了以后，你会回想起那些短暂的时光。像这样的时刻。我以前总是让它溜走。我知道）可知，关于作者我们能推断出，她后悔没有陪妈妈。故选C项。27．【D】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以

及最后一段中“Iansweredhercuriousexpressionbysaying,“Whenshe’sgone,it’sthelittlemomentsthatwillcomebacktoyou.Mo

mentslikethis.Iusedtoletitslip.Iknow.””（我对她好奇的表情回答说：“她走了以后，你会回想起那些短暂的时光。像这样的时刻。我以前总是让它溜走。我知道。”）可知，文章主要强调的是陪伴和理解的重要性，要懂得

珍惜你身边所爱的人。故文章最好的标题是“永远珍惜你所爱的人”。故选D项。CWhensomepeoplehearself-discipline,theythinkthatit’sboring.Theyequateadisciplinedlifetofeelingsofentrapment.

Allowmetotellyouastory.Onahotsunnyday,Berthaisbuzzingbyherhivewithsomeotherbees,justrelaxingandhavinga

goodtime.Suddenlyabearstartstoapproachherhiveforsomehoneyandbeeeggs.Tosaveherhive,Berthastingsthebear.Butitsskinissothickthatonceshetr

iestopullherstingoutshedismembers(肢解)herselfanddies.ThesadpartisthatBerthahasnochoice.Throughyearsofevolutionshehasdevelopedabiologicalreactiontodan

gers—tostingthreats.Ifshehadknownshewoulddie,shemighthaveflownawayandsavedherownlife.Beesareprisonersoftheirownbiology,buthumansca

noverridetheirbiologythroughself-discipline.Mostpeoplehavelong-termdesiresforlastingrelationships,mea

ningfulcareersorhealthybodiesbutareconstantlytemptedbyshorttermpleasures,suchasjunkfoodorvideogames.Deepdowntheyreallywantt

helifethatcomesinthelongterm.Yettheykeepgivingintoshort-termpleasures.Theonlydifferenceisself-discipline.Luckily,humanshav

etheabilitytopracticeself-discipline.Itgivesusthefreedomtoachievewhatwetrulywantinlifeandallowustobreakfreeoft

hebiologicalorsocietalcagesaroundus.Butit’snotthatsimple.Companiesareawareofournatural,biologicalreaction

sandusethisagainstusbyusingsupernormalstimuli.Anexampleisjunkfood.Ourancestorswerewiredtoseekoutandenjoyfatandsaltyfoodbecauseitwas

sorareatthetime.Butnowcompanieshavegeneticallyengineeredfoodtoincludemorefatsandsaltsthaneverbeforei

nordertomakeusdesireitevenmore.SocialmediaandtheInternetasawholeisanotherformofsupernormalstimuli.Humansarebiologically

wiredtoseekoutnovelty.Forourancestorsnoveltycouldleadtomoreknowledgeabouttheworld,whichcouldleadtomor

ewisdomthathelpedusthriveasaspecies.Ithasitsusefulness.However,theInternethasbeendesignedtotakeadvant

ageofthisdesirefornoveltybyshowingyoumorenoveltythanyoucaneverdreamof.Everypagelinksoutmorepages.Andeveryvideotoavideowithevenmoren

ovelty.Videogamesdothesamething.Ontheplusside,however,youandIarenotlikethebee,becausewearenotcasedbyourownbiology

.Withself-discipline,wecanlivethelifewetrulywant.Wehavethechoicetobefree.28．WhyisthestoryofBerthamentionedinparag

raphtwo?A．Toillustratewhatevolutionis.B．Toarousereaders’sympathyforBertha.C．Todrawreaders’attentiontoself

-discipline.D．Toofferaperfectexampleofself-discipline.29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stimuli”inparagraphsevenmostprobablymean?A．Som

ethingthatencouragescertainreactions.B．Somethingthatisunhealthyforpeopletoeat.C．Somethingthatdoesgoodtoourmentalhealth.D．Somethingthatdiscoura

gespeoplefromtakingaction.30．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssocialmediaandtheInternet?A．Approving.B．Objective.C．Critical.D．Cautious.31．Whatmakesth

eauthorthinkhumansareluckycomparedwithbees?A．Humans’blessingofanadvancedbiologicalsystem.B．Humans’desirestolivea

nideallife.C．Humans’eagernesstoovercomeinborndisadvantages.D．Humans’abilitytopracticeself-discipline.【参考答案】28．D29．A30．C31．D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章科普了自律对于人

类生活的重要性，并列举了现实中的例子，自律可以让人类摆脱生物本能的控制，选择理想的生活。【详情解析】28．【D】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Whensomepeoplehearself-discipline,theythinkthatit’sboring.Theyequateadisciplin

edlifetofeelingsofentrapment.Allowmetotellyouastory.(当一些人听到自律时，他们认为它很无聊。他们把有纪律的生活等同于陷入困境的感觉。请允许我给你们讲个故事)

”和第二段讲述了蜜蜂因为敌人入侵，出于生物本能，蜜蜂蜇了熊自己也因此丧命以及第四段内容“Beesareprisonersoftheirownbiology,buthumanscanoverridetheirbiologythroughself-discipline

.(蜜蜂是自身生物学的囚徒，但人类可以通过自律来超越自身生物学本能。)”可知，蜜蜂死亡的根本原因是蜜蜂缺乏自律，无法超越自己的生物本能。由此推知，故事的目的就是提供一个有关自律的范例，体现出自律的重要性。故选D。29．【A】词句猜测题。根据划线词前文“Companie

sareawareofournatural,biologicalreactionsandusethisagainstus”（公司知道我们的自然生物反应，并利用这一点来对付我们）讲述了一些公司利用我们的本能。后文“Anexampleisjunkfood.Ouranc

estorswerewiredtoseekoutandenjoyfatandsaltyfoodbecauseitwassorareatthetime.Butnowcompanieshavegeneticallyengineeredfoodto

includemorefatsandsaltsthaneverbeforeinordertomakeusdesireitevenmore.”（垃圾食品就是一个例子。我们的祖先天生就喜欢寻找和享受高脂高盐的食物，因为在当时这种食物非常罕见。但是现在公司已经通过基因工程改造食品，

使其含有比以往任何时候都多的脂肪和盐，从而使我们更加渴望它。）举了垃圾食品的例子，因为祖先本能摄入高油高盐的食物，我们也会渴望这些食物。由此可见，公司生产的产品是促使人的这些本能行为发生，所以划线词st

imuli的含义为“刺激物”，故选A。30．【C】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Humansarebiologicallywiredtoseekoutnovelty.Forourancestorsnoveltycouldleadtomoreknowledgeaboutthewo

rld,whichcouldleadtomorewisdomthathelpedusthriveasaspecies.Ithasitsusefulness.”（人类天生就喜欢寻找新奇事物。对于我们的祖先来说，新奇

可以带来更多关于世界的知识，这可以带来更多的智慧，帮助我们作为一个物种繁荣昌盛。它有它的用处。）可知，人类生物本能有对新奇事物的探索，并且这种探索具有积极意义。而下文“However,theInternethasbeendesignedtota

keadvantageofthisdesirefornoveltybyshowingyoumorenoveltythanyoucaneverdreamof.”（然而，互联网的设计就是为了利用这种对新奇事物

的渴望，向你展示比你想象中更多的新奇事物）语气转折，指出媒体利用人的好奇心产生源源不断的内容吸引人去看，因此可以推断这部分说的是比较负面的影响，因而作者对互联网和媒体持批判态度。故选C。31．【D】细节理解题。根据最后一段“however,youandIareno

tlikethebee,becausewearenotcasedbyourownbiology.Withself-discipline,wecanlivethelifewetrulywant.Weha

vethechoicetobefree.”（然而，你和我并不像蜜蜂，因为我们不是由我们自己的生物特征决定的。有了自律，我们可以过我们真正想要的生活。我们可以选择自由。）可知，相比蜜蜂，人类有着自律的能力。故选D。DWhenyou’regoingthroughaper

iodofanxietyordepressionitcanbedifficulttomakedecisions,whetherthosearesignificantlifechangesoreveryd

aychoices.Thosewithgeneralizedanxietydisorderormooddisordersoftenreportfeelinguncomfortablewithorbeingtroubledbyfeelingsofuncertain

ty-whichdoesn’thelpwhenyouneedtomakeadecision,bigorsmall.Nowinanewstudy,researchersfindthatpeoplewithhigherlevel

sofanxietyanddepressionarelessabletoadapttofast-changingsituations.Butwiththerightintervention(干预)theremaybewaystohelpthosewithanxietyor

depressionmakebetterdecisionsinthemoment.Participantswereagedbetween18and55;somehadsymptomsofgeneralizedanxietydisorderormajordepres

sivedisorder,whileothershadnohistoryofmentalillnessatall.Inthestudy,afterfillinginmeasuresrelatedtoanxiety,depre

ssion,andworry,participantstookpartinavideogame.Ineachround,theywereaskedtochoosebetweentwoshapes:pickingonneshaperesultedina

reward,whiletheotherdeliveredanelectricshock.Thetasktookplaceintwoblocks-onestable,inwhichoneshapewasassociatedwithareward75%ofthetimean

dtheother25%ofthetime,andtheotherunstable,inwhichtheshapewithahigherprobabilityofresultinginrewardswitchedeverytwentytrials.Inth

eunstableblock,therefore,theparticipantshadtokeepadjustingtheirresponsesastheprobabilitieschange.Thos

eparticipantswithsymptomsofanxietyordepressionwereslowertoadjusttheirresponsestothechangesinprobabilities

.Thissuggeststhatmooddisordersareassociatedwithdifficultymakingdecisionsinchangingcircumstances.SeniorauthorSoniaBishopargues

thatthoseparticipantswhoadaptedquicklydidsobecauseoftheiremotionalresilience(适应力).＂Emotionallyresilientp

eopletendtofocusonwhatgavethemagoodoutcome,andinmanyreal-worldsituationsthatmightbekeytolearningtomakegooddecisions

,”shesays.SoniaBishopsuggeststhatencouragingpeopletofocusonpastsuccessesratherthanfailurescouldbeausefulbehavioralintervention,

makingthosedifficultdecisionsabitlesstricky.32．Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingaffectsdecision-making?A．Feelinguncomfortablewith

someone.B．Feelingunsureofwhatwillhappen.C．Wonderingwhowillmakeadecision.D．Wonderinghowtohelpmakeadecision.33．Whatwasthepurpo

seoftheunstableblock?A．Tocreateafast-changingsituation.B．Totrainparticipantstorespondtochanges.C．Tomakethevideogamemorechallenging.D．Tohelpthose

withanxietymakedecisions.34．WhydoesSoniaBishopsuggestfocusingonpastsuccesses?A．Toimprovedecision-makin

g.B．Toremembertheachievements.C．Toadaptquicklytoanewsituation.D．Toavoidmakingdifficultdecisions.35．Whatadvic

ecanbegivenaccordingtothestudy?A．Trytothinkquicklywhenmakingdecisions.B．Don’texpecttoomuchwhenmakingdecisions.C．Don’tfocusonones

inglethingwhenmakingdecisions.D．Reduceyouranxietyordepressionwhenmakingdecisions.【参考答案】32．B33．A34．A35．D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当人们经历焦虑或抑郁时期时很难做出决定。一

项新的研究发现，只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助那些焦虑或抑郁的人做出更好的决定。【详情解析】32．【B】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“Thosewithgeneralizedanxietydisorderormooddisorde

rsoftenreportfeelinguncomfortablewithorbeingtroubledbyfeelingsofuncertainty-whichdoesn’thelpwhenyouneedtomakeadecision,bigorsm

all.(患有广泛性焦虑症或情绪障碍的人经常报告说，他们对不确定感感到不舒服或感到困扰，而这种不确定感在你需要做出重大或小决定时都没有帮助。)”可知根据文章，影响决策的一项是不确定会发生什么，故选B。33．【A】推理判断题。文章第五

段讲到“andtheotherunstable,inwhichtheshapewithahigherprobabilityofresultinginrewardswitchedeverytwentytrial

s.Intheunstableblock,therefore,theparticipantshadtokeepadjustingtheirresponsesastheprobabilitieschange.(另一个是不稳定的，在另一个阶段中，每20次试验中，获得奖励的概率较高的形状就会发生变

化。因此，在不稳定的区块中，参与者必须随着概率的变化不断调整自己的反应。)”可知不稳定区块的目的是创造快速变化的局面，故选A。34．【A】细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“SoniaBishopsugges

tsthatencouragingpeopletofocusonpastsuccessesratherthanfailurescouldbeausefulbehavioralintervention,makingth

osedifficultdecisionsabitlesstricky.(SoniaBishop建议，鼓励人们专注于过去的成功而不是失败，这可能是一种有用的行为干预，让那些艰难的决定变得不那么棘手)”可

知SoniaBishop建议关注过去的成功的原因是为了改善决策。故选A。35．【D】推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Nowinanewstudy,researchersfindthatpeoplewithhigherlevelsofanxietyanddepressionarele

ssabletoadapttofast-changingsituations.Butwiththerightintervention(干预)theremaybewaystohelpthosewithanxietyordepressionm

akebetterdecisionsinthemoment.(现在，在一项新的研究中，研究人员发现，焦虑和抑郁程度较高的人更难适应快速变化的环境。但只要有正确的干预也许有办法帮助那些焦虑或抑郁的人在当下做出更好的决定。)”可知这项研究可以给出的建议是在做决定时减少焦虑或抑郁，故选D。第二节

（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Noonecanbefreefromthesickeningstressanda

nxietyfromtimetotime.Noteventhathappy-go-luckyguyyouseewalkingdownthestreetwhistling“AlwaysLookontheBrightSideofLife”,sincetheyareapa

rtofthelife.____36____.Listedhereareprovenwaystocontrolstressandanxiety.BreatheTakingalonganddeepbreathtocalmyourselfinstressfulsituationsisn’

tjustoneofthoseoldwives’tales.____37____.Doctorssaythatslow,deepbreathingcaneffectivelycooldowntheangrybloodthat’srunningaroundyourbody,allowing

yourbrainandbodytoreturntotheirnormalfunctions.WalkManyhearsaytechniquesfordealingwithstressoftenraiseafeweyebrows.Butawholehostofscientificevid

enceexiststosuggestthatwalkingisoneofthebestmethodsavailable.Ifyou’reeverfeelingthetensionbuildingupi

nyourbrainandbody,dropeverythingandsimplygoforawalk.____38____.Suchanicewalkprovidesyourbodywithanidealoutletforthebuild-upofenergyth

atstresscancreate.Laugh____39____.Butifyouareabletosqueezeouteventhesmallestlaughduringyourday,you’llsoonbegintofindthattheeffectsofstressslowlysli

paway.Whenyoulaugh,thebodyreleaseshappyhormonesthateasetensionbroughtonbystress.FriendsSurroundingyourselfwiththepeopleyoulovecanbehalft

hebattletodefeatingstress.Whenyouarestressed,evensittingathomewithacupofteawithafriendcanreallyhelptorelieveh

ighlevelsofstressasitfocusesyourmindontosomethingyoulove.Don’thesitatetoreachforthephoneandringyourfriendswheneveryoufeelstressed.____40____.A．Aftera

ll,that’swhatfriendsareforB．SoyourfriendswillfeelrelievedsoonC．It’samedicallyprovenstress-relieftechniqueD．Whatcanbedoneisto

findwaystodealwiththemE．RemindyourselftowalkslowlyandbreathenormallyF．Heartylaughsallowyoutofeelhappyandh

ealthyagainG．Ifyou’restressed,thelastthingyouprobablyfeellikedoingislaughing【参考答案】36．D37．C38．E39．G40．A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个减压方法。【详情解析】36

．【D】空前谈到，“sincetheyareapartofthelife.”可知，压力与焦虑是生活中的一部分，谁也难以幸免，和下文“Listedhereareprovenwaystocontrolstressandanxiety.（这里列出了一些行之有效的控制压力和焦虑的方法）”可知

，虽然无人幸免，但有控制的方法。故D项Whatcanbedoneistofindwaystodealwiththem（唯一能做的就是设法控制它们）符合语境。故选D。37．【C】根据空前“Takingalonganddeepbreathtocalmyourselfinstressfulsituat

ionsisn’tjustoneofthoseoldwives’tales.(进行较长和深呼吸可以让你在有压力的环境中平静下来并不是无稽之谈)”以及空后的医学解释可知，C项It’samedicallyprovenstress-relieftechnique(这是一个在医学上被证明有效

的减压方法)符合语境，medically呼应下文的doctors。故选C。38．【E】根据空后“Suchanicewalkprovidesyourbodywithanidealoutletforthebuild-upofenergythatstresscanc

reate.（这样一次好的散步为你的身体提供了一个理想的出口，让压力产生能量）”推知，空项会谈到如何散步，故E项Remindyourselftowalkslowlyandbreathenormally(散步时记得提

醒自己要做到气定神闲)符合语境。故选E。39．【G】根据本节小标题Laugh，特别是空后的转折关系“Butifyouareabletosqueezeouteventhesmallestlaughduringyourday,you’llsoonbegintofin

dthattheeffectsofstressslowlyslipaway.(但是如果你每天挤出一点笑，你将会开始发现压力在慢慢减弱)”可知，感到压抑时我们最好还是笑笑。G项Ifyou’restressed,the

lastthingyouprobablyfeellikedoingislaughing(在你感到压抑的时候，你最不想做的很可能就是笑)符合语境，与下文形成明显的转折关系。故选G。40．【A】根据空前“Don’thesitatetoreachforthephon

eandringyourfriendswheneveryoufeelstressed.(当你感到压力大的时候，给朋友打电话不要迟疑)”可知，空项很可能是要解释为什么可以这样贸然给朋友打电话的理由。A.Afterall,that’swhat

friendsarefor(毕竟，朋友就该是呼之即来的)符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

OnSunday,Schoonbroodt,a71-year-oldfromMaastricht,ranamarathon.Ina____41____2hr54minsand19secs,hebecamethefastestpersono

fhisageinhistory.Atanagewhenmanyofhiscontemporaries(同龄人)are____42____down,JoSchoonbroodtis____43____speed

ingup.ItturnedoutthatSchoonbroodt’snew70+worldrecord,was____44____byanunlikelysource:theBelgiansingerEddyWally.Withafewmiles_

___45____,hislegswerestartingtoget____46____.“However,myfriendhadaspecial____47____tokeepmeontrack,”sa

idSchoonbroodt.“HeputEddyWally’ssongChérieonhisphoneonrepeat.I’vealwayslovedit.Itgavemea____48____.Iovertookonerunnerafteranotherand,____49____get

tingcramp(抽筋)inthefinal500metres,Iwasableto_____50_____therecordbyfourseconds.”WhileSchoonbrodt’sachievementsareexcepti

onal,heisnot_____51_____.Severalmenover70haverunasub-three-hourmarathon.JohnBrewer,asportsscientistattheUniversityoftheWestofScotland,_____52_____tha

twhilewesuffera10%declineinmusclemasseverydecade_____53_____weage,thedeclineisn’tassharpforendurance.“Comparedto40yearsago,the

_____54_____innutrition,recoveryandtechnologyallmeanthatitismore_____55_____forpeopleintheir60sand70stoproducegoodperforma

nceiftheyfollowtherighttraining,”hesaid.41．A．promisingB．frighteningC．disappointingD．surprising42．A．windingB．jumpingC．lookingD．handing43．A．alsoB．nearl

yC．thenD．somehow44．A．inspiredB．puzzledC．shockedD．amused45．A．runningB．waitingC．remainingD．starting46．A．heavierB．fasterC．tighterD．lig

hter47．A．trickB．jokeC．collectionD．person48．A．hitB．boostC．blowD．move49．A．duetoB．insteadofC．despiteD．besides50．A．putB．reachC．breakD．hold51．A．sati

sfiedB．aloneC．practicalD．ordinary52．A．workedoutB．putsoutC．madeoutD．pointsout53．A．sinceB．beforeC．becauseD．as54．A．findingsB．alternativesC．advancesD．i

nformation55．A．difficultB．possibleC．importantD．exciting【参考答案】41．D42．A43．D44．A45．C46．A47．A48．B49．C50．C51．B52．D53．D54．C55．B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了71

岁大爷参加马拉松，成为了历史上他这个年龄段跑得最快的人。【详情解析】41．【D】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在令人惊讶的2小时54分19秒内，他成为了历史上他这个年龄段跑得最快的人。A.promising有希望的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.disappointing令人失望的；D.

surprising令人惊讶的。根据“hebecamethefastestpersonofhisageinhistory.”可知，70多岁的老人在2小时54分19秒内跑完马拉松，是令人惊讶的。故选D。

42．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多同龄人都已越走越慢，乔·施洪布鲁特却在不知何故地加速前进。A.winding蜿蜒；B.jumping跳；C.looking看；D.handing递交。winddown放松；慢下来。根据“JoSchoonbroodtis____43_

___speedingup.”可知，许多同龄人都已越走越慢。故选A。43．【D】考查副词词义辨析。句意：在许多同龄人都已越走越慢，乔·施洪布鲁特却在不知何故地加速前进。A.also也；B.nearly几乎；C.

then然而；D.somehow以某种方式；不知怎么地。根据“Atanagewhenmanyofhiscontemporaries(同龄人)are____42____down,”可知，同龄人越走越慢，乔·施洪布鲁特却不知

怎么地在加速前进。故选D。44．【A】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，施洪布鲁特的70+世界纪录来自一个不太可能来源的鼓舞：比利时歌手埃迪·沃利。A.inspired鼓舞；B.puzzled困惑；C.shocked震惊；D.amu

sed娱乐。beinspiredby受到……鼓舞。根据“theBelgiansingerEddyWally.”可知，施洪布鲁特受到比利时歌手埃迪·沃利的鼓舞。故选A。45．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：还剩几英里时，他的腿开始变得更沉了。A.runn

ing跑；B.waiting等待；C.remaining剩余；D.starting开始。根据“hislegswerestartingtoget____46____.”可知，比赛结束还剩最后几英里。故选C。46．【A】考

查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：还剩几英里时，他的腿开始变得更沉了。A.heavier更重的；B.faster更快的；C.tighter更紧的；D.lighter更轻的。根据“Withafewmiles____45__

__,”和常识可知，马拉松最后，腿越来越重。故选A。47．【A】考查名词词义辨析。句意：施洪布鲁特说：“然而，我的朋友有一个特殊的技巧让我坚持下去。”A.trick技巧；B.joke玩笑；C.collection收集；D.person个人。根据“HeputEdd

yWally’ssongChérieonhisphoneonrepeat.I’vealwayslovedit.Itgavemea____48____.Iovertookonerunnerafteranotherand,___

_49____gettingcramp(抽筋)inthefinal500metres,Iwasableto____50____therecordbyfourseconds.”可知，朋友的一个技巧帮助施洪布鲁特坚持下去。故选A。48．【B】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它给了我动力。A.hit打击；B

.boost提高；C.blow吹；D.move移动。根据“HeputEddyWally’ssongChérieonhisphoneonrepeat.I’vealwayslovedit.”可知，比利时歌手埃迪·沃利的歌曲给了施洪布鲁特动力。故选B。4

9．【C】考查介词（短语）和副词词义辨析。句意：我超越了一个又一个选手，尽管在最后500米时抽筋了，但我还是以4秒的优势打破了记录。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof而不是；C.despite尽管；D.besides此外。根据“Iwasableto____

50____therecordbyfourseconds.”可知，尽管抽筋，但还是以4秒的优势打破了记录。故选C。50．【C】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我超越了一个又一个选手，尽管在最后500米时抽筋了，但我还是以4秒的优势打破了记录。A.put放；B.reach到达

；C.break打破；D.hold抓住。根据“ItturnedoutthatSchoonbroodt’snew70+worldrecord,”可知，施洪布鲁打破了他这个年龄段的记录。故选C。51．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然施洪布鲁特的成就是

独一无二的，但他并不孤单。A.satisfied满意的；B.alone孤单的；C.practical实际的；D.ordinary普通的。根据“WhileSchoonbrodt’sachievementsareexceptional,”和“Severalmenover70haverunasub

-three-hourmarathon.”可知，施洪布鲁特并不孤单。故选B。52．【D】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：西苏格兰大学的运动科学家约翰·布鲁尔指出，虽然随着年龄的增长，我们的肌肉质量每十年就会下降10%，但耐力的下降幅度并没有那么大。

A.workedout锻炼；B.putsout熄灭；C.madeout辨别；D.pointsout指出。根据“whilewesuffera10%declineinmusclemasseverydecade____53____weage,thedeclineisn’tassharpfo

rendurance.”可知，这里是西苏格兰大学的运动科学家约翰·布鲁尔指出的内容。故选D。53．【D】考查连词词义辨析。句意：西苏格兰大学的运动科学家约翰·布鲁尔指出，虽然随着年龄的增长，我们的肌肉质量每十年就会下降10%，但耐力的下降幅度

并没有那么大。A.since自从；B.before在……之前；C.because因为；D.as由于。根据“whilewesuffera10%declineinmusclemasseverydecade”可知，由于年纪增长，肌肉质量在下降。故选D。54．【C

】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说：“与40年前相比，营养、康复和技术的进步都意味着，如果进行正确的训练，六七十岁的人更有可能取得好成绩。”A.findings发现；B.alternatives二者择一；C.advances进步；D.information信息。根据“innu

trition,recoveryandtechnology”可知，这里指营养、康复和技术的进步。故选C。55．【B】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“与40年前相比，营养、康复和技术的进步都意味着，如果进行正确的训练，六七十岁的人更有可能取得好成绩。”A.difficult困

难的；B.possible可能的；C.important重要的；D.exciting令人激动的。根据“iftheyfollowtherighttraining,”可知，如今，如果进行正确的训练，六七十岁的人更有可能取得好成绩。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文

，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Higherdensity(密度)neighborhoodscanleadtobenefitsfortheenvironmentandpublichealth,arguesDr.TomLogan,___56___Universi

tyofCanterburylecturer.Dr.Logansaysthegovernmentshouldbeaiming___57___(achieve)the“15-minutecity”goal.Thisinvolv

escreatingneighborhoodswhereresidentscangettoshops,restaurants,recreationareasandserviceswithina15-minutewalk,bikeride,___58___bytravelli

ngonpublictransport.Whenmorepeoplecanbike,walkortakepublictransporttotheirdestinations,___59___(pollute)fromca

rsisreducedandtherearebenefitsforpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Accessiblecitiesarealsosaferandmore___60___(attract)becausetherearemorepeoplea

round,Dr.Logansays.Residentsaremorelikelytogooutwithfriendswhenrestaurantsandbarsareclosertowheretheylive,___61___(bring)economicbenefitsforbu

sinesses.However,Dr.Logansaysmanypeopleareopposedtohigherdensityhousing.“Density,whenit’sdoneright,___62___weseeinpartsofEurope,theUnitedStatesa

ndAsia,iswhereitcanleadtosaferand___63___(healthy)residentsandneighborhoodsthat___64___(be)fulloflife.”“Creatingthatisoneofourbig____65____(c

hallenge).Noteveryonehastoliveinthiswaybutit’saboutgivingpeopletheoption,sotheycanlivesomewherewheretheydon’thavetodriveallthetime.”【参考

答案】56．a57．toachieve58．or59．pollution60．attractive61．bringing62．which/as63．healthier64．are65．challenges【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了坎特伯雷大学讲师汤姆

·洛根博士的观点，他认为高密度的社区可以为环境和公共健康带来好处。【详情解析】56．【a】考查冠词。句意：坎特伯雷大学讲师汤姆·洛根博士认为，高密度的社区可以为环境和公共健康带来好处。此处泛指“一个坎特伯雷大学的讲师”，应

用不定冠词，University是以辅音音素开头的词，应用a。故填a。57．【toachieve】考查非谓语动词。句意：洛根博士表示，政府应该致力于实现“15分钟城市”的目标。固定搭配aimtodosth.“旨在做某事”。故填t

oachieve。58．【or】考查连词。句意：这涉及到创建居民可以步行15分钟、骑自行车或乘坐公共交通工具前往商店、餐馆、娱乐区和服务的社区。根据句意可知，此处是一种选择，意为“或者”，应用连词or。故填or。59．

【pollution】考查名词。句意：当更多的人可以骑车、步行或乘坐公共交通工具前往目的地时，汽车的污染就会减少，对人们的身心健康也有好处。此处作主语，应用名词pollution，抽象名词，不可数。故填pollution。60．【attractive】考查

形容词。句意：洛根博士说，无障碍城市也更安全、更有吸引力，因为周围有更多的人。此处作表语，应用形容词attractive。故填attractive。61．【bringing】考查非谓语动词。句意：当餐馆和酒吧离他们居住的地方更近时，居民更可能与朋友外出，为企业带来经济效益。此

处表示自然产生的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填bringing。62．【which或as】考查定语从句。句意：我们在欧洲、美国和亚洲的部分地区看到，密度，当它做得好时，它可以带来更安全、更健康的居

民和充满活力的社区。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是主句陈述的内容，关系词指代前面整个主句内容并在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which或as“正如”引导。故填which或as。63．【healthier】考查形容词比较级。句意：我们在欧洲、美国和亚洲的部

分地区看到，密度，当它做得好时，它可以带来更安全、更健康的居民和充满活力的社区。此处与safer是并列成分，应用形容词比较级，作定语。故填healthier。64．【are】考查主谓一致。句意：我们在欧洲、美国和亚

洲的部分地区看到，密度，当它做得好时，它可以带来更安全、更健康的居民和充满活力的社区。此处是定语从句的谓语动词，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，关系代词that替代先行词neighborhoods，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应用复数。故填are。65．【challenges】考查名词

复数。句意：创造这是我们最大的挑战之一。固定搭配oneof+名词复数“……之一”。故填challenges。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假如你是李华,就ChinaDaily的环境保护话题写信,阐述一次性筷

子对环境的危害,及树木对环境的重要性,并提出你的建议。注意:1.词数80左右(信的格式和开头已为你写好,不计入词数)；2.参考词汇:throwawaychopsticks一次性筷子；ecologicalv

alue生态价值。DearEditor.I’mmorethandelightedtoexpressmyviewaboutenvironmentalprotection.____________________________________________________

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_Yourssincerely.LiHua【参考答案】DearEditor,I’mmorethandelightedtoexpressmyviewaboutenvironmentalprotection.Nowadays,throwaw

aychopsticksaregainingincreasingpopularityfortheirconvenienceandlowprice.However,whatwefailtorealizeisthattheycausegrea

tdamagetotheenvironment.Themanufactureofthrowawaychopsticksconsumeslargenumbersoftreeseveryyear,whichacco

untsforgreatlossofforests.Wheretheforestsdisappear,duststormswilloccuroccasionally.Theweatherwillgethotanddryandthewh

oleearthwillbecomeabigdesert.Soweshouldsparenoefforttoprotecttheenvironment.Tobeginwith,everyoneshouldbemadeawareoftheimportanceof

protectingforests.Besides,thegovernmentisexpectedtomakestrictlawstobanforestcutting.Onlyinthiswaycanweliveinharmonywith

nature.Yourssincerely.LiHua【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给ChinaDaily写信，阐述一次性筷子对环境的危害以及树木对环境的重要性，并提出建议。【详情解析】1.词汇积累受欢迎：gainpop

ularity→becomepopular破坏：damage→harm生产：manufacture→production不遗余力做某事：sparenoeffortto→tryone’sbesttodo2.句式拓展同义句

转换原句：Nowadays,throwawaychopsticksaregainingincreasingpopularityfortheirconvenienceandlowprice.拓展句：Nowadays,throwawaychopsticksa

regainingincreasingpopularitybecausetheyareconvenientandatlowprice.【点睛】【高分句型1】However,whatwefailtorealizeisthattheyca

usegreatdamagetotheenvironment.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导表语从句）【高分句型2】Themanufactureofthrowawaychopsticksconsumeslargenumbersoftreese

veryyear,whichaccountsforgreatlossofforests.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Overth

esummerImovedfromTexastoMissouri.Thiswasmysecondyearofhighschool,butmyfirstyearofschoolinMissouri.Iwasreallynervousaboutstartinganewschoolandhavi

ngpeoplelikeme.IdecidedthatIwouldbemuchhappierinanewschoolifImadefriendsthatwereso-called“popular”.Gettinginwiththerightgroupofpeop

lewouldmakemylifeawholelotbetter.Iboughtanewoutfitsothefirstdaywouldbeperfect.Onthefirstdayofschool,scared,yeteagertobeginmynewlife,Iwalk

edupthestairs.Myfirstclasswasgeometry,butwherewasthat?Iwasstandinginthehalllookingconfused,whenashort,blon

dgirlwearingglassescameupandasked,“Areyounew?Youlooklost.Doyouwantmetohelpyoufindyourclass?MynameisDiane.What’syours?”Eve

nthoughsheseemedabitstrange,definitelynotthekindofpersonIwantedtobeassociatedwith,Idecidedtoanswerheranyway.Iwas,after

all,lost.Afterexchangingnames,Ifollowedherupthestairsanddownahallwayontheright.Whenwereachedmyroomshesaid,“

Well,hereyouare.Itwasnicemeetingyou.IhopeIseeyouagainandyourdaygoesallright.”Isaidaquickthank-youandwavedgood

-bye.Onceinsidetheclassroom,Isawonebiggroupofpeoplehuddledaroundsomeonewhoseemedtobetellingsomesortofstory.Iwalkedoverandgotc

loseenoughtooverhear.Alleyesweregluedtotheguyinthemiddleofthecircle.Idecidedthatthisguywaspopular.Afewminuteslat

ertheteachertoldeveryonetogofindaseatandgetreadyfortheclass.Imanagedtogetonerightnexttotheguy.Isaid,“Hi,mynameisAprilandI’mnewhere.”Hesaidcoldly,“Hi

,I’mJohnny.”Thatclassdraggedonandon.Finally,thebellrang.Iturnedtohimandasked,“I’mnotsurewheremynextclassis,couldyouhelpmefindit?”Helooked

atmeandthensaidaquickno,turnedbacktohisfriends,andwalkedoutoftheclassroom.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Astheywerewalkin

gout,Iheardtheywerealllaughingatme.____________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________BeforeIwasreadytogohome,Iheardafamiliarvoicecallingmyname.__________________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________【参考答案】Astheywerewalkingout,Iheardthey

werealllaughingatme.Theirshrilllaughingletmeblushwithshame.IfeltsoembarrassedthatIcouldn’tdoanythingbutsit

there,keepingmybodyunmovedandholdingbackmytears.WhatIwantedtodoisjusttomakefriendswiththem.Icouldn’tfigureoutwhytheylaugheda

tme.Butonethingwascertain,thatis,Imustremovedmyselffromtheirpresence.Therefore,Iwasn’treadytoleaveuntilt

heywalkedfaraway.BeforeIwasreadytogohome,Iheardafamiliarvoicecallingmyname.IfeltverystrangesinceIwasnewherewitho

utmakinganyfriends.Turningaround,IsawDianewhocameuptomewithawarmsmileonherface.Shesaidshewouldwalktogetherwithme.Whatakindandfriendly

girlshewas,Ithought.IwasdeeplymovedsothatIleftallmyembarrassmentandsadnessbehind.Onourwayhome,wetalkedalotandIwassurprisedtofindwehadalotincommon

.Ialsorealizedthetruemeaningofafriend.【语篇解读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者进入新学校第一天的迷茫与困惑。作者一开始找不到教室，一个名叫戴安娜的女孩主动提供帮助并带领他找到了教室，但作者却不想与戴安娜交朋友。之后在教室

遇到非常受欢迎的约翰尼，作者向其寻求帮助，却被无情的拒绝。【详情解析】1.段落续写：①.由第一段首句内容“当他们走出去的时候，我听到他们都在嘲笑我”可知，第一段可描写作者听到嘲笑之后的心理状态及情绪表现。②.由第二段首句内容“在我准备回家之前，我听到一个熟悉的声音在喊我的名字。

”可知，第二段可描写作者听到声音之后的反应及作者的感想。2.续写线索：被嘲笑——尴尬——伤心——听到熟悉的声音——感动——感悟3.词汇激活行为类①.抑制眼泪：holdbackmytears/retainmytears②.接近，靠近：comeup/a

pproach③.一起走路：walktogether/accompanyhim/keephimcompany情绪类①.感动：bemoved/betouched②.悲伤：sadness/sorrow【点

睛】【高分句型1】WhatIwantedtodoisjusttomakefriendswiththem.（使用了what引导的主语从句）【高分句型2】Turningaround,IsawDianewhocameuptomewith

awarmsmileonherface.（使用了现在分词作状语，及who引导的定语从句）