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株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASciencecompet

itionsyourstudentscanenterCleanTechCompetitionAge:15-18Opens:NowCloses:29April2022TheCleanTechCompetitionre

searchanddesignchallengeasksstudentstofindaproblemwithournaturalworldandresourceusethattheywanttochange,workoutasolutionandhandinar

esearchpapertothejudges.TopoftheBenchAge:14-16Opens:September2022Closes:October2022(regionalheats)TopoftheBench(TOTB)isaye

arlypracticalchemistrycompetitionandagreatchanceforstudentstoputtheirteamworkandpracticalskillstothetest.RegionalheatswillbeheldbetweenOcto

ber2022andJanuary2023,withthewiningteamfromeachheatprogressingtothenationalfinalheldlaterinMarch.Quant

umontheClockAge:16-18Closes:31March2022QuantumontheClockcompetitionisopentoallA-levelstudentsintheUKandIreland.Studentsareaskedtocreatea

three-minutevideoaboutanyaspectofquantumscience(量子科学)ortechnology.Entries(参赛作品)canbeindividualorinteamsofuptofourstudents

.Cashprizesareonofferforthewinnersandrunners-up.The“bestindividual”and“bestteam”winnerswillreceiveaninvitationtoaprize-givingceremonyatthePhoton202

2conferencedinner(会议晚宴).BigBangYoungScientistsandEngineersCompetitionAge:11-19Closes:4April2022TheBigBangCompetitionrecognisesyoungp

eople’sachievementsinSTEMandbuildstheirconfidenceinproject-basedwork,focusingoninvestigation,discoveryanduseofscientificmethods.Studentscan

submit(提交)theirprojectasawrittenorvideoreport—onanytopicinthefieldofSTEM.Studentscanbeinwiththechanceofwinningarangeofawardsand

prizes.1．Whichcompetitionfocusesonsolvingenvironmentalissues?A．TopoftheBench.B．QuantumontheClock.C．CleanTechCompetiti

on.D．BigBangYoungScientistsandEngineersCompetition.2．WhenwillthenationalfinalofTOTBbeheld?A．InSeptember2022.B．InOctober2022.C．InJanuary2023.D．InMar

ch2023.3．Whatdothelasttwocompetitionshaveincommon?A．Theybothacceptvideoentries.B．Theyarebothopentostudentsag

ed11-19.C．Bothofthemwillinvitetheirwinnerstoaconferencedinner.D．Bothofthemrequireeachparticipanttofinishanentryo

nhisown.BNowadays,weareveryworriedaboutsuchCOVID-19variantsasDeltaandOmicron.Torelieveouranxieties,weshouldhavealookat

ourowncellandtheoriginalCOVID-19virus.Firstofall,ourcellisn’tstupid.Ifanyviruswantstoenterourcell,itmustfigureoutawayforitsspike(触手)toh

oldtightlytothespikeonthecell’ssurface.Youcanimaginethisconnectingasasecrethandshake.Attheearlystage,theCOVI

D-19virusfiguredoutawaytoconnecttoaspecificspikeonthesurfaceofhumancell,calledACE2.Buttheconnectingwasn’tp

erfect.However,itwasgoodenoughtotricktheACE2toletitin.Oncetheviruswasinsidethecell,itkeptcopyingitselfinordertofindmorecellstoinf

ect.Duringthistime,theimmune(免疫)systemstartedmakingantibodiestofightback.Someofthoseantibodiesactedlikelittlecapsthatsticktothe

endsofthevirus’sspike.Once“capped”,theinfectioncouldn’tmoveforward,andthebodywon!Buteverytimetheviruscopiesitselfinsideacell,ithasthechanc

eofchangingitsspikesslightly.Mostofthevariationsareactuallyharmfultothevirus.Sothesevariantsdisappear.However,oncethevirushitsuponasetofvariations

thatactuallyhelpthevirustoconnectmoretightlytothecellormorequickly,aperson’scellgetsinfectedmoreeasily.Thenwhatabouttheantibodies?Aren

’ttheycomingtosaveusagain?Well,yes...andno.Scientistsfoundthatapersonwhowasinfectedwiththeearlierversionoftheviru

smaynotbeprotectedaswellagainstthesenewvariants.Hestillcanbeinfected,again.However,theantibodies’spikescomei

ndifferentshapes,too.Soeventhoughsomeantibodiesbecomelessuseful,otherswillgetthejobdone—oratleast,holdb

acktheinfectionlongenoughsothebodycanmakenewantibodiesthatfitperfectlyonthechangedspike.4．Whatdoestheu

nderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A．Thevirus.B．Thecell.C．Thespike.D．Theconnection.5．Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabo

ut?A．Howavirusentersthehumancell.B．Howaviruscopiesitselfinsideacell.C．Whytheimmunesystemcanfightback.D．Whyvirusvariants

havedifferentinfectionrates.6．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．COVID-19variantswillbecomemoreandmoreinfectious.B．ItisunlikelyforCOVID-

19patientstogetinfectedagain.C．Oldantibodiesmightbelesseffectiveagainstnewvariants.D．ItishopelesstogetridoftheCOVID-19inthenearfut

ure.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WorriesAbouttheCOVID-19VariantsB．ASimpleGuidetoCOVID-19VariantsC．TheDangeroftheDeadlyCOV

ID-19VirusD．WaystoProtectOurselvesFromCOVID-19VirusCOwningasmartphonemaynotbeassmartasyouthink.Itmay

letyousurftheInternet,listentomusicandsnapphotoswhereveryouare...butitalsoturnsyouintoaworkaholic,itseems.Astudysuggeststhat,b

ygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimes,theall-singing,all-dancingmobilephoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.Researcher

sfoundthatBritonsworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageastheyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudybytechnologyretailerPixmaniare

vealstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hours,butafurthertwohoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemai

ls,ormakingworkcalls.Morethan90percentofofficeworkershaveemail-enabledphones,withathirdaccessingthem

morethan20timesaday.Almostoneintenadmitsspendinguptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemails.Someworkersconfesstheyareon

callalmost24hoursaday,withnineoutoftensayingtheymakeworkemailsandcallsoutsidetheirnormalworkinghours.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsis

between6amand7am,withmorethanathirdcheckingtheirfirstemailsinthisperiod,andaquartercheckingthembetween11pmandmidnight.GhadiHobeika,marke

tingdirectorofPixmania,said,“Theabilitytoaccessliterallymillionsofapps,keepincontactviasocialnetworksandtakephotosandvideoaswellastextand

callhasmadesmartphonesinvaluableformanypeople.However,therearedrawbacks.Manycompaniesexpecttheiremployeest

obeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeopleliterallycannotgetawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyinc

ontactwebecome,themoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity.“8．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A．

TheaverageUKworkingtimeisbetweennineandtwelvehours.B．Nine-tenthsspendoverthreehourscheckingworkemails.C．One-fourthchecktheirfirstmailbetwe

en11pmandmidnight.D．Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand8am.9．Theunderlinedword“access

ing”inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby““.A．callingB．usingC．reachingD．getting10．Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A

．EverycoinhastwosidesB．Itneverrainsbutpours.C．Allthatglittersisnotgold..D．It’snogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.11．What’sthemainideaofthe

text?A．Workaholicslikesmartphones.B．Employersdon’tlikesmartphones.C．Smartphonesmakeourlifeeasier.D．Smartp

honesbringaboutextrawork.DInApril2018,agroupofCanadianscientistsflyinginahelicopter(直升飞机)discoveredsomethingtheydidn'texpecttosee—ahuge

,unknowncavewithanopeningthesizeofafootballfield.ThecavewasdiscoveredinthenorthernpartofWellsGrayProvincia

lPark,inawild,farawayareaofCanada'sCaribooMountains.Theareaishardtogettoandevenhardertotravelthrough.Itiscovered

withsnowformuchoftheyear.ThegrouptoldCatherineHickson,ascientistwhostudiesrocks,aboutthecave.Dr.Hicksongotateamofresearcherstogethertos

tudyit.InSeptember,theywentforacloserlookaftermostofthesnowmelted(融化).ThecaveisoneofthelargestinCanada.Notonlyistheopeningtothecavelargerthanafootbal

lfield,thecaveisalsodeep.Theteamcouldn'tmeasure(测量)allthewaytothebottom,buttheythinkitmaybemorethan180met

ersdeep.Thecaveistensofthousandsofyearsold.Buttherockinthecaveismadeofusedtobeatthebottomofanocean(海洋).Itishundredsofmillionsofyearsold.

Asmall,butfastriverofmeltingsnowleadsintothecaveononeside,creatingawaterfallnearthetopandariveratthebottom.Thewatercomesoutagainalongwayaw

ay.Theexit(出口)isabout2.1kilometersawayandaboutl/2kilometerlowerdown.Thecavewillhavetowaittogetanofficialname.Fornow,thecaveisbeingcalled"Sarlacc'sP

it"becauseitlookssimilartothehomeoftheSarlacc,apersonintheStarWarsmovieReturnoftheJedi.ForDr.Hickson,there'salessontobelearnedfromthecav

e."Itshowsyouthatyoudon'tknoweverything,"shesays."Therearethingsyettobediscovered."12．Whydidthecaveremainunknowninthepast?A．Itisinawildmountaina

rea.B．Ithasbeenthereforjustafewyears.C．Itsopeningistoosmalltobenoticed.D．Theweatherthereiscoldallyearround.13．WhatareParagr

aphs4and5mainlyabout?A．Thehistoryofthecave.B．Somefactsaboutthecave.C．Thevalueofstudyingthecave.D．Themethodsofstudyingthecave.1

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"inParagraph4referto?A．Thesnow.B．Theriver.C．Theocean.D．Therock.15．Thecave'sname"Sarlace'sPit"h

assomethingtodowith________.A．localcultureB．itsdiscoverersC．thewayitlooksD．thenameofafilmstar第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5

分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplearewellawareofthebenefitsofteachingourchildrentolovere

ading.Lesseasytodo,however,isfindingregulartimetoreadwithourchildren.___16___Selectasuitabletimeofday.Themostsuitabletim

eofdayisoftenbedtimebutitmightnotbesuitableforyou.___17___Ifreadingagoodnightstoryat8pmhasyouyawningandt

ryinghardtoremainawake,perhapsastorybeforedinner,orastoryintheafternoonwillworkoutbetter.Youneedtodirectthisdecisio

ntomakeitfitinratherthanmissit.___18___Ratherthantrytogothroughfivechaptersofalargebookeachnight,cutitdowntotwochapters.Rathe

rthanreadfivestorybooks,cutitdowntotwo.Whenthealternativeisnothingatall,bookswithfewerchapterswillbemuchpreferredbyyourchild.R

eadloudtogether.Whenyouhavemorethanonechild,makereadingdonetogether.Ifanolderchildwhoisabletoreadfindsthis“unfair”or“annoying”,youcanleth

imreadsomethingthatinterestshimandreaditoutloudtothefamily.Anotherwaytoengagemorethanonechildistoreadstorie

sinturnandhaveeachofthemlistenpolitely.___19___Praiseyourchildren.___20___Whenyourchildrenreadanything-beitthelabeloffacerealpacketorabook,

besuretopraisetheirreadingateverychanceyouget.Thus,youarecreatingareadingcultureinyourfamily,whichisanimportantwayofhelpingchildrencopewiththeirfeeli

ngsandproblems,aswellasansweringtheircuriosities,anddevelopingtheirimagination.A．Readeverynight.B．Itgoesalongway.C．Breakdownthereadingifnecessa

ry.D．Dorememberasuitabletimeforreadingvariesamongchildren.E．Hereishowyoufityourselfinregularreadingses

sionswithyourchildren.F．Soitisimportanttotakeintoaccountyouravailabilitythroughouttheday.G．Asaresult,theywilllovehear

ingandbeinfavorofsuchgroupactivity.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasasunnyday.Acitymanw

asdrivingalongacountryroadwithanewwagon（马车）andabeautifulpairofhorses.Hedidn’tpayalotof___21___towhereh

ewasgoing.Prettysoonhe___22___thathewaslost,buthecontinuedtodrive,expectingtore-findhiswayorto___23___someonewhocouldtellhimhowtogetbacktothe___2

4___.Itwasalong___25___road.Formany___26___hekeptondriving.Whenitwasalmostdark，hesawinafieldatall___27___ploughing（犁地）t

heland.Hestoppedhis___28___teamofhorsesnearthefenceandcalledout，“Hello，farmer.”“Hello，yourself，”thefa

rmer___29___，stillploughing.“Wheredoesthehorsego？”heaskedwithoutknowinghislanguagemistakes.“Ihaven’tseenitgoanywhere.It___30

___staysrightwhereitis，”saidthefarmer，withoutstoppinghiswork.“Howfarisittothenexttown？”saidthecityman，speakingalittlemore___31_

__.“Don’tknow.Inever____32____it,”repliedthefarmer.Bythistimethecitymanwasgetting____33____“Whatdoyouknow？You’rethebiggestfoolIeve

rsaw.”Finallystopping,thefarmerturnedandlookedforalongtime____34____atthecityman.Thenhesaid，“MaybeIdon’tknowmuch.____35____Iamafool.Butatleas

tI’mnotlost！”21．A．signsB．ordersC．attentionD．direction22．A．realizedB．recognizedC．acceptedD．received23．A．missB．meetC．lookD．lose24．A．townB．countryC．c

apitalD．village25．A．lonelyB．busyC．dirtyD．crowded26．A．secondsB．minutesC．hoursD．years27．A．driverB．policemanC．farmerD．worker28．A．strongB．tiredC．we

akD．tiring29．A．askedB．demandedC．repliedD．ordered30．A．alwaysB．oftenC．sometimesD．seldom31．A．politelyB．friendlyC．loudlyD．angrily32．A．jud

gedB．measuredC．sawD．studied33．A．sadB．lovelyC．friendlyD．angry34．A．gladlyB．immediatelyC．silentlyD．excitedly35．A．GenerallyB．For

tunatelyC．CertainlyD．Perhaps第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyyear,moreth

an13billionplasticbottlesaresoldinBritain.Allofthem____36____(use)onlyonce,andonlyhalfofthemarerecycl

ed.Somethinkplasticbottlesshouldbebanned(明令禁止).____37____thinktheyshouldberecycled.Othersthinkareturningp

lanshouldbebroughtintoavoidthe____38____(pollute)ofriversandseas.Thatistosay,peoplewillgetupto20pencebackeverytimetheyreturn____39__

__bottle.Areturningplanforbottlesisalready____40____(success)inGermany,where98.5%ofplasticbottlesarereturned.____41____(lucky),therearealreadysi

gnsthatthingsarechangingforthebetter.Lastyear,Selfridgesstopped____42____(sell)single-usewaterbottles.LondonZooannouncedthatitwould

alsobanthem.Itsold155,000plasticbottlesofwaterlastyear.Nowitwillsellonlyreusableplasticbottles,____43____canbefilledbyvisitorsfromtap

s.Familiesvisitingbeachesthissummerarebeingaskedtotakepartinaplancalled“ReturnToOffender”.Theideais____44____(post)plasticbottlesandotherlitter

theyfindbacktothe_____45_____(company)thatmadethem,usingtheirfreepostaddresses.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）

46．你校正在组织英语作文大赛。请以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.喜欢的原因。注意：1.词数80左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。MyfavoritepoetTherearemanyfamouspoetsallovertheworl

d.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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______________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thirtyyearsa

go,Cayleywasgreatlysurprisedtofindthatshehadabrother.Shemadeuphermindtofindhim.Sincethensherefusedtoleavethehomeshegrewupin,ho

pingthatherbrotherwouldknockonthedooroneday.LittledidCayleyknowthatherbrother,NickRhoades,hadbeenlongingtodoso,

butonlytowalkawayatthelastminute.ButthankstotheTVprogrammeLongLostFamily,thepairhaveenjoyedanemotionalreunion.Cayley’smumJacquelineleftthefamilyw

henherdaughterwasonlyseventostartanewlifeinAmerica.CayleywasbroughtupbyhergrandmotherVictoria,whodiedin2001,andsheclearlyrememberedfirstfi

ndingoutaboutherbrotherNick.Cayleywasquiteangrywiththefactthatwascoveredup.Soshewasdeterminedtofindherbrother

nomatterwhatdifficultiesshewouldmeetwith.Manyyearslater,Cayley,herhusband,Colin,andtheirchildrenwerestillstayingi

nthehousewhereshegrewupbecauseshealwayshadhopethatonedayherbrotherwouldknockonthedoor.HerhusbandColinwasv

eryunderstandingandeventhoughtheyhadtwootherhousestomoveto,theystayedinthesamehouse.Shenevergaveuphope.Meanwhile,whenNickknewhewasadopt

ed,hedidaskhisparentsquestionsandtheytoldhimeverythingtheyknew.Hisadoptiveparentsweresolovingandhismumhadadopt

edhundredsofchildren.Nickhadbeenoneofthoseluckykids.Hehadlivedareallyveryhappychildhood.Sadly,whenNickwas1

8hisadoptivemumdiedofcancer.Afterseveralyears,hisadoptivefatheralsodied.Nickwasextremelysadduringthatp

eriodoftime.Onceagain,hebecameapoororphanwithoutparents,whichledhimtomakethedecisiontofindhisbirthmumJa

cqueline.Nickhadbeengivenhisbirthcertificate(出生证)byhisadoptiveparentswithanaddressonit.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2

.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse._________________________________________________

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ick’ssisterCayleyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp.________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．C2．D3．A4．A5．D6．C7．B8．C9．B10．A11．D12．A13．B14．D15．C1

6．E17．F18．C19．G20．B21．C22．A23．B24．A25．A26．C27．C28．B29．C30．A31．C32．B33．D34．C35．D36．areused37．Some38．pollution39．a40．successfu

l41．Luckily42．selling43．which44．topost45．companies46．Onepossibleversion：MyfavoritepoetTherearemanyfamouspoetsallovertheworld.Myf

avoritepoetisDuFu,oneofthegreatestChinesepoets.Knownas"theSageofPoetry",DuFuwrotewitharealisticstyleandgaveavividaccountofwhatwashappe

ninginhisage.Moreimportantly,DuFushowedgreatconcernoverpoorpeople'slives.Manyofhispoemsreflectedthegreatgapbetweentherichandthepo

or,andtheeffectsofwaronthepeople.DuFu'spoemsreflectrealitiesandpayattentiontocommonpeople'slives.ThatiswhyIlikeDuFumost.47．NickandhiswifeSa

ndradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.ItfeltsostrangethatNickknewitwasexactlythehousewhentheywereapproachingit.Hehadafeelingthathehadbeenlivingherelo

nglongtimeago.Hewaseagertoknockatthedoor,buthestoppedallofasudden.Hisconcernwasthathemightinterrupthismother.Hedid

n’twanttogointothehousedirectlyandtoldhertheywerehersonanddaughter-in-law.Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCayleyan

dNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp.Cayleywantedtofindherlittlebrother,andSandrawante

dtohelpherhusbandfindabouthismum.Cayleywasaskedlotsofpersonalquestions.Sheburstintotearswhensheknewtheywereaboutherbro

ther.Whentheyfinallymet,Nickknewitwasexactlyhissister.Theyweresoalike,eventheirgesturesorwaysofspeakingwerethesame.Amonthla

ter,Nickwasreunitedwithhismum,whoflewbackfromAmerica.Theyarealwaysmeetingupfromthenon.