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株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASciencecompe

titionsyourstudentscanenterCleanTechCompetitionAge:15-18Opens:NowCloses:29April2022TheCleanTechCompetitionresearchanddesig

nchallengeasksstudentstofindaproblemwithournaturalworldandresourceusethattheywanttochange,workoutasol

utionandhandinaresearchpapertothejudges.TopoftheBenchAge:14-16Opens:September2022Closes:October2022(regionalheats)Topofthe

Bench(TOTB)isayearlypracticalchemistrycompetitionandagreatchanceforstudentstoputtheirteamworkandpracticalskillstothetest.Regionalheatswill

beheldbetweenOctober2022andJanuary2023,withthewiningteamfromeachheatprogressingtothenationalfinalheldlaterinMarch.QuantumontheClockAge:16-18C

loses:31March2022QuantumontheClockcompetitionisopentoallA-levelstudentsintheUKandIreland.Studentsareaskedtocreat

eathree-minutevideoaboutanyaspectofquantumscience(量子科学)ortechnology.Entries(参赛作品)canbeindividualorinteamsofupt

ofourstudents.Cashprizesareonofferforthewinnersandrunners-up.The“bestindividual”and“bestteam”winnerswillreceiveaninvitationtoaprize-givingceremony

atthePhoton2022conferencedinner(会议晚宴).BigBangYoungScientistsandEngineersCompetitionAge:11-19Closes:4April2022TheBigBangCompetitionrecognises

youngpeople’sachievementsinSTEMandbuildstheirconfidenceinproject-basedwork,focusingoninvestigation,discoveryanduseofscie

ntificmethods.Studentscansubmit(提交)theirprojectasawrittenorvideoreport—onanytopicinthefieldofSTEM.Studentscanbeinwiththechan

ceofwinningarangeofawardsandprizes.1．Whichcompetitionfocusesonsolvingenvironmentalissues?A．TopoftheBench.B．QuantumontheClock.C．CleanTechCompeti

tion.D．BigBangYoungScientistsandEngineersCompetition.2．WhenwillthenationalfinalofTOTBbeheld?A．InSeptember2022.B．InOctober2022.C．InJa

nuary2023.D．InMarch2023.3．Whatdothelasttwocompetitionshaveincommon?A．Theybothacceptvideoentries.B．Theyarebothopent

ostudentsaged11-19.C．Bothofthemwillinvitetheirwinnerstoaconferencedinner.D．Bothofthemrequireeachparticipanttofinishanentryonhis

own.BNowadays,weareveryworriedaboutsuchCOVID-19variantsasDeltaandOmicron.Torelieveouranxieties,wesho

uldhavealookatourowncellandtheoriginalCOVID-19virus.Firstofall,ourcellisn’tstupid.Ifanyviruswantstoen

terourcell,itmustfigureoutawayforitsspike(触手)toholdtightlytothespikeonthecell’ssurface.Youcanimaginethiscon

nectingasasecrethandshake.Attheearlystage,theCOVID-19virusfiguredoutawaytoconnecttoaspecificspikeonthesurfaceofhu

mancell,calledACE2.Buttheconnectingwasn’tperfect.However,itwasgoodenoughtotricktheACE2toletitin.Oncetheviruswasinsid

ethecell,itkeptcopyingitselfinordertofindmorecellstoinfect.Duringthistime,theimmune(免疫)systemstartedmakingantibodiestofightback.

Someofthoseantibodiesactedlikelittlecapsthatsticktotheendsofthevirus’sspike.Once“capped”,theinfectioncouldn’tmoveforward,andthebodywon!B

uteverytimetheviruscopiesitselfinsideacell,ithasthechanceofchangingitsspikesslightly.Mostofthevariationsareactua

llyharmfultothevirus.Sothesevariantsdisappear.However,oncethevirushitsuponasetofvariationsthatactuallyhelptheviru

stoconnectmoretightlytothecellormorequickly,aperson’scellgetsinfectedmoreeasily.Thenwhatabouttheantibodies?Aren’ttheycomingtosaveu

sagain?Well,yes...andno.Scientistsfoundthatapersonwhowasinfectedwiththeearlierversionofthevirusmaynotbeprotectedaswellagainstthesenewvariants.Hest

illcanbeinfected,again.However,theantibodies’spikescomeindifferentshapes,too.Soeventhoughsomeantibodiesbecomelessuseful,otherswillgetth

ejobdone—oratleast,holdbacktheinfectionlongenoughsothebodycanmakenewantibodiesthatfitperfectlyonthechangedspike.4

．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A．Thevirus.B．Thecell.C．Thespike.D．Theconnection.5．Whatis

thefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howavirusentersthehumancell.B．Howaviruscopiesitselfinsideacell.C．Whytheimmunesystemcanfightback.D．Whyvirusvaria

ntshavedifferentinfectionrates.6．Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A．COVID-19variantswillbecomemoreandmoreinfectious.B．ItisunlikelyforCOVI

D-19patientstogetinfectedagain.C．Oldantibodiesmightbelesseffectiveagainstnewvariants.D．ItishopelesstogetridoftheCOVID-19inthen

earfuture.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．WorriesAbouttheCOVID-19VariantsB．ASimpleGuidetoCOVID-19VariantsC．TheDangeroftheDeadlyCOV

ID-19VirusD．WaystoProtectOurselvesFromCOVID-19VirusCOwningasmartphonemaynotbeassmartasyouthink.ItmayletyousurftheInternet,listentomusicandsnappho

toswhereveryouare...butitalsoturnsyouintoaworkaholic,itseems.Astudysuggeststhat,bygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimes,theall-sing

ing,all-dancingmobilephoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourworkingday.ResearchersfoundthatBritonsworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageast

heyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudybytechnologyretailerPixmaniarevealstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hours,butaf

urthertwohoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemails,ormakingworkcalls.Morethan90percentofofficeworkershaveemail-enabledphones,withathi

rdaccessingthemmorethan20timesaday.Almostoneintenadmitsspendinguptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemai

ls.Someworkersconfesstheyareoncallalmost24hoursaday,withnineoutoftensayingtheymakeworkemailsandcallsoutsidetheirnormalworkinghours

.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand7am,withmorethanathirdcheckingtheirfirstemailsinthisperiod,andaquartercheckingthembetween

11pmandmidnight.GhadiHobeika,marketingdirectorofPixmania,said,“Theabilitytoaccessliterallymillionsofapps,keepincontactv

iasocialnetworksandtakephotosandvideoaswellastextandcallhasmadesmartphonesinvaluableformanypeople.However,ther

earedrawbacks.Manycompaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeopleliterallycannotge

tawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyincontactwebecome,themoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity.“8．Whichofthefollowingi

strueaccordingtothetext?A．TheaverageUKworkingtimeisbetweennineandtwelvehours.B．Nine-tenthsspendoverthreehourscheckingworkemai

ls.C．One-fourthchecktheirfirstmailbetween11pmandmidnight.D．Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6

amand8am.9．Theunderlinedword“accessing”inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby““.A．callingB．usingC．reachingD．getting10．Wha

tcanweconcludefromthetext?A．EverycoinhastwosidesB．Itneverrainsbutpours.C．Allthatglittersisnotgold..D．It’snogoodcry

ingoverspiltmilk.11．What’sthemainideaofthetext?A．Workaholicslikesmartphones.B．Employersdon’tlikesmartphones.C．Smartphone

smakeourlifeeasier.D．Smartphonesbringaboutextrawork.DInApril2018,agroupofCanadianscientistsflyinginahelicopter(直升飞机)discovere

dsomethingtheydidn'texpecttosee—ahuge,unknowncavewithanopeningthesizeofafootballfield.ThecavewasdiscoveredinthenorthernpartofWellsGrayProvincialPa

rk,inawild,farawayareaofCanada'sCaribooMountains.Theareaishardtogettoandevenhardertotravelthrough.Itiscoveredwithsnowformuchoftheyear.ThegrouptoldC

atherineHickson,ascientistwhostudiesrocks,aboutthecave.Dr.Hicksongotateamofresearcherstogethertostudyit.InSepte

mber,theywentforacloserlookaftermostofthesnowmelted(融化).ThecaveisoneofthelargestinCanada.Notonlyistheopeningtothecavelargerthanafoo

tballfield,thecaveisalsodeep.Theteamcouldn'tmeasure(测量)allthewaytothebottom,buttheythinkitmaybemorethan180metersd

eep.Thecaveistensofthousandsofyearsold.Buttherockinthecaveismadeofusedtobeatthebottomofanocean(海洋).Itishund

redsofmillionsofyearsold.Asmall,butfastriverofmeltingsnowleadsintothecaveononeside,creatingawaterfallnearthetopandariveratthebottom.Thewater

comesoutagainalongwayaway.Theexit(出口)isabout2.1kilometersawayandaboutl/2kilometerlowerdown.Thecavewillhavetowaittogetanofficialname.Fornow,thecaveisb

eingcalled"Sarlacc'sPit"becauseitlookssimilartothehomeoftheSarlacc,apersonintheStarWarsmovieReturnoftheJedi.ForDr.Hickso

n,there'salessontobelearnedfromthecave."Itshowsyouthatyoudon'tknoweverything,"shesays."Therearethingsyettobedisc

overed."12．Whydidthecaveremainunknowninthepast?A．Itisinawildmountainarea.B．Ithasbeenthereforjustafewyears.C．Itsopeningis

toosmalltobenoticed.D．Theweatherthereiscoldallyearround.13．WhatareParagraphs4and5mainlyabout?A．Thehistoryofthecav

e.B．Somefactsaboutthecave.C．Thevalueofstudyingthecave.D．Themethodsofstudyingthecave.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"It"in

Paragraph4referto?A．Thesnow.B．Theriver.C．Theocean.D．Therock.15．Thecave'sname"Sarlace'sPit"hassomethingtodowith________.A．l

ocalcultureB．itsdiscoverersC．thewayitlooksD．thenameofafilmstar第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项

。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplearewellawareofthebenefitsofteachingourchildrentolovereading.Lesseasytodo,however,isfindingregulartim

etoreadwithourchildren.___16___Selectasuitabletimeofday.Themostsuitabletimeofdayisoftenbedtimebutitmightnotbesuita

bleforyou.___17___Ifreadingagoodnightstoryat8pmhasyouyawningandtryinghardtoremainawake,perhapsastorybeforedinner,orast

oryintheafternoonwillworkoutbetter.Youneedtodirectthisdecisiontomakeitfitinratherthanmissit.___18___Ratherthantrytogothroughfivechapter

sofalargebookeachnight,cutitdowntotwochapters.Ratherthanreadfivestorybooks,cutitdowntotwo.Whenthealternativeisnothingatall,bookswithfew

erchapterswillbemuchpreferredbyyourchild.Readloudtogether.Whenyouhavemorethanonechild,makereadingdonetog

ether.Ifanolderchildwhoisabletoreadfindsthis“unfair”or“annoying”,youcanlethimreadsomethingthatinterestshimandreaditoutloudtothefamily.Anotherwayto

engagemorethanonechildistoreadstoriesinturnandhaveeachofthemlistenpolitely.___19___Praiseyourchildren.___20___Whenyour

childrenreadanything-beitthelabeloffacerealpacketorabook,besuretopraisetheirreadingateverychanceyouge

t.Thus,youarecreatingareadingcultureinyourfamily,whichisanimportantwayofhelpingchildrencopewiththeirfeelingsandproblem

s,aswellasansweringtheircuriosities,anddevelopingtheirimagination.A．Readeverynight.B．Itgoesalongway.C．Breakdownthereading

ifnecessary.D．Dorememberasuitabletimeforreadingvariesamongchildren.E．Hereishowyoufityourselfinregularreadingsessionswithyo

urchildren.F．Soitisimportanttotakeintoaccountyouravailabilitythroughouttheday.G．Asaresult,theywilllovehearingandbeinfavorofsuchgroupactivity.第二部分

语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasasunnyday.Acitymanwasdrivingalongacountry

roadwithanewwagon（马车）andabeautifulpairofhorses.Hedidn’tpayalotof___21___towherehewasgoing.Prettysoonhe___22___thathewaslost,buthecontinue

dtodrive,expectingtore-findhiswayorto___23___someonewhocouldtellhimhowtogetbacktothe___24___.Itwasalong___25___road.Formany___26___heke

ptondriving.Whenitwasalmostdark，hesawinafieldatall___27___ploughing（犁地）theland.Hestoppedhis___28___teamofhorsesnearthefenceandcalledout，“Hel

lo，farmer.”“Hello，yourself，”thefarmer___29___，stillploughing.“Wheredoesthehorsego？”heaskedwithoutknowinghi

slanguagemistakes.“Ihaven’tseenitgoanywhere.It___30___staysrightwhereitis，”saidthefarmer，withoutstoppi

nghiswork.“Howfarisittothenexttown？”saidthecityman，speakingalittlemore___31___.“Don’tknow.Inever____32____it,”replied

thefarmer.Bythistimethecitymanwasgetting____33____“Whatdoyouknow？You’rethebiggestfoolIeversaw.”Finall

ystopping,thefarmerturnedandlookedforalongtime____34____atthecityman.Thenhesaid，“MaybeIdon’tknowmuch.__

__35____Iamafool.ButatleastI’mnotlost！”21．A．signsB．ordersC．attentionD．direction22．A．realizedB．recognizedC．acceptedD．received23．A．mi

ssB．meetC．lookD．lose24．A．townB．countryC．capitalD．village25．A．lonelyB．busyC．dirtyD．crowded26．A．secondsB．minutesC．hoursD．years27．A．

driverB．policemanC．farmerD．worker28．A．strongB．tiredC．weakD．tiring29．A．askedB．demandedC．repliedD．ordered30．A．alwaysB．oftenC．sometimesD

．seldom31．A．politelyB．friendlyC．loudlyD．angrily32．A．judgedB．measuredC．sawD．studied33．A．sadB．lovelyC．friendlyD．angry34．A．gladlyB．immediatelyC

．silentlyD．excitedly35．A．GenerallyB．FortunatelyC．CertainlyD．Perhaps第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyyear,morethan13bil

lionplasticbottlesaresoldinBritain.Allofthem____36____(use)onlyonce,andonlyhalfofthemarerecycled.Somethin

kplasticbottlesshouldbebanned(明令禁止).____37____thinktheyshouldberecycled.Othersthinkareturningplanshouldbebroughtintoavoid

the____38____(pollute)ofriversandseas.Thatistosay,peoplewillgetupto20pencebackeverytimetheyreturn____39_

___bottle.Areturningplanforbottlesisalready____40____(success)inGermany,where98.5%ofplasticbottlesarereturned.____41____(lucky),there

arealreadysignsthatthingsarechangingforthebetter.Lastyear,Selfridgesstopped____42____(sell)single-usewaterbottles.LondonZooannouncedthatitw

ouldalsobanthem.Itsold155,000plasticbottlesofwaterlastyear.Nowitwillsellonlyreusableplasticbottles,____43____canbefilledbyvisitorsfromtaps.Fa

miliesvisitingbeachesthissummerarebeingaskedtotakepartinaplancalled“ReturnToOffender”.Theideais____44_

___(post)plasticbottlesandotherlittertheyfindbacktothe_____45_____(company)thatmadethem,usingtheirfreepostaddresses.第三部分写作（

共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46．你校正在组织英语作文大赛。请以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.人物简介；2.喜欢的原因。注意：1.词数80左右；2.短文题目和首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。MyfavoritepoetTherearemanyfam

ouspoetsallovertheworld._______________________________________________________________________________

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____________________第二节（满分25分）47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thirtyyearsago,Cayleywasgreatlysurprisedtofindthatshehadabrother.S

hemadeuphermindtofindhim.Sincethensherefusedtoleavethehomeshegrewupin,hopingthatherbrotherwouldknockonthedooroneday

.LittledidCayleyknowthatherbrother,NickRhoades,hadbeenlongingtodoso,butonlytowalkawayatthelastminute.ButthankstotheTVprog

rammeLongLostFamily,thepairhaveenjoyedanemotionalreunion.Cayley’smumJacquelineleftthefamilywhenherdaughterwasonlyseventostartanewlifeinAmerica.Cayl

eywasbroughtupbyhergrandmotherVictoria,whodiedin2001,andsheclearlyrememberedfirstfindingoutaboutherbrotherN

ick.Cayleywasquiteangrywiththefactthatwascoveredup.Soshewasdeterminedtofindherbrothernomatterwhatdifficultiesshew

ouldmeetwith.Manyyearslater,Cayley,herhusband,Colin,andtheirchildrenwerestillstayinginthehousewhereshegrewupb

ecauseshealwayshadhopethatonedayherbrotherwouldknockonthedoor.HerhusbandColinwasveryunderstandingandev

enthoughtheyhadtwootherhousestomoveto,theystayedinthesamehouse.Shenevergaveuphope.Meanwhile,whenNickkn

ewhewasadopted,hedidaskhisparentsquestionsandtheytoldhimeverythingtheyknew.Hisadoptiveparentsweresolovingandhis

mumhadadoptedhundredsofchildren.Nickhadbeenoneofthoseluckykids.Hehadlivedareallyveryhappychildhood.Sadly,whenNickwas18hisadoptivemumdiedofcancer.Aft

erseveralyears,hisadoptivefatheralsodied.Nickwasextremelysadduringthatperiodoftime.Onceagain,hebecameapo

ororphanwithoutparents,whichledhimtomakethedecisiontofindhisbirthmumJacqueline.Nickhadbeengivenhisbirthcertificate(出生证)byhisadoptiveparentswithanaddr

essonit.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.___________

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____________________________________Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCayleyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp._______________

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____________参考答案1．C2．D3．A4．A5．D6．C7．B8．C9．B10．A11．D12．A13．B14．D15．C16．E17．F18．C19．G20．B21．C22．A23．B24．A

25．A26．C27．C28．B29．C30．A31．C32．B33．D34．C35．D36．areused37．Some38．pollution39．a40．successful41．Luckily42．sel

ling43．which44．topost45．companies46．Onepossibleversion：MyfavoritepoetTherearemanyfamouspoetsallovertheworld.Myfavori

tepoetisDuFu,oneofthegreatestChinesepoets.Knownas"theSageofPoetry",DuFuwrotewitharealisticstyleandgaveavividaccountofwha

twashappeninginhisage.Moreimportantly,DuFushowedgreatconcernoverpoorpeople'slives.Manyofhispoemsreflectedthegreat

gapbetweentherichandthepoor,andtheeffectsofwaronthepeople.DuFu'spoemsreflectrealitiesandpayattentiontocommonpeople'slives.ThatiswhyIlikeDuFum

ost.47．NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.ItfeltsostrangethatNickknewitwasexactlythehousewhentheywereapproachin

git.Hehadafeelingthathehadbeenlivingherelonglongtimeago.Hewaseagertoknockatthedoor,buthestoppedallofasudden.Hisco

ncernwasthathemightinterrupthismother.Hedidn’twanttogointothehousedirectlyandtoldhertheywerehersonanddaughter-in-law.Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCay

leyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp.Cayleywantedtofindherlittlebrother,andSandrawantedtohelpherhusbandfindabouthismum.

Cayleywasaskedlotsofpersonalquestions.Sheburstintotearswhensheknewtheywereaboutherbrother.Whentheyfinallymet,Nickknewitwasexactlyhissister.Theyw

eresoalike,eventheirgesturesorwaysofspeakingwerethesame.Amonthlater,Nickwasreunitedwithhismum,whoflewbackfromAmerica.Theyarealwaysme

etingupfromthenon.