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株洲市天元区名校2022-2023学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASciencecompetitionsyours
tudentscanenterCleanTechCompetitionAge:15-18Opens:NowCloses:29April2022TheCleanTechCompetitionresearchanddesi
gnchallengeasksstudentstofindaproblemwithournaturalworldandresourceusethattheywanttochange,workoutasolutionandhandinaresearchpapertothejudges.Top
oftheBenchAge:14-16Opens:September2022Closes:October2022(regionalheats)TopoftheBench(TOTB)isayearlypracticalchemistrycompetitionandagreatchanc
eforstudentstoputtheirteamworkandpracticalskillstothetest.RegionalheatswillbeheldbetweenOctober2022andJanuary2023,withthewiningteamfromeachhea
tprogressingtothenationalfinalheldlaterinMarch.QuantumontheClockAge:16-18Closes:31March2022QuantumontheClock
competitionisopentoallA-levelstudentsintheUKandIreland.Studentsareaskedtocreateathree-minutevideoaboutan
yaspectofquantumscience(量子科学)ortechnology.Entries(参赛作品)canbeindividualorinteamsofuptofourstudents.Cashprizesareonofferforthewi
nnersandrunners-up.The“bestindividual”and“bestteam”winnerswillreceiveaninvitationtoaprize-givingceremonyatthe
Photon2022conferencedinner(会议晚宴).BigBangYoungScientistsandEngineersCompetitionAge:11-19Closes:4April2022TheBigBangCompetitionrecognisesyoungpeopl
e’sachievementsinSTEMandbuildstheirconfidenceinproject-basedwork,focusingoninvestigation,discoveryanduseofscientificmethods.Student
scansubmit(提交)theirprojectasawrittenorvideoreport—onanytopicinthefieldofSTEM.Studentscanbeinwiththechanceofwinningarangeofawardsand
prizes.1.Whichcompetitionfocusesonsolvingenvironmentalissues?A.TopoftheBench.B.QuantumontheClock.C.CleanTechCompetition.D.BigBangYoungScie
ntistsandEngineersCompetition.2.WhenwillthenationalfinalofTOTBbeheld?A.InSeptember2022.B.InOctober2022.C.InJanuary2023.D.InMarch2023.3.What
dothelasttwocompetitionshaveincommon?A.Theybothacceptvideoentries.B.Theyarebothopentostudentsaged11-19.C.Bothofthemwillinvi
tetheirwinnerstoaconferencedinner.D.Bothofthemrequireeachparticipanttofinishanentryonhisown.BNowadays,weareveryworriedaboutsu
chCOVID-19variantsasDeltaandOmicron.Torelieveouranxieties,weshouldhavealookatourowncellandtheoriginalCOVID
-19virus.Firstofall,ourcellisn’tstupid.Ifanyviruswantstoenterourcell,itmustfigureoutawayforitsspike(触手)toholdtightlytothespikeonthecell’ssurface.Yo
ucanimaginethisconnectingasasecrethandshake.Attheearlystage,theCOVID-19virusfiguredoutawaytoconnecttoaspecificspikeonthesurfac
eofhumancell,calledACE2.Buttheconnectingwasn’tperfect.However,itwasgoodenoughtotricktheACE2toletitin
.Oncetheviruswasinsidethecell,itkeptcopyingitselfinordertofindmorecellstoinfect.Duringthistime,theimmune(免疫)systemstartedmakingantibodiestofightback
.Someofthoseantibodiesactedlikelittlecapsthatsticktotheendsofthevirus’sspike.Once“capped”,theinfectioncouldn’tmove
forward,andthebodywon!Buteverytimetheviruscopiesitselfinsideacell,ithasthechanceofchangingitsspikesslightly.Mostofthevariat
ionsareactuallyharmfultothevirus.Sothesevariantsdisappear.However,oncethevirushitsuponasetofvariationsthatactuallyhelpthevirustoconnectmoretightlyt
othecellormorequickly,aperson’scellgetsinfectedmoreeasily.Thenwhatabouttheantibodies?Aren’ttheycomingtosaveusaga
in?Well,yes...andno.Scientistsfoundthatapersonwhowasinfectedwiththeearlierversionofthevirusmaynotbeprotectedasw
ellagainstthesenewvariants.Hestillcanbeinfected,again.However,theantibodies’spikescomeindifferentshapes,too.Soeventhoughsomeantibo
diesbecomelessuseful,otherswillgetthejobdone—oratleast,holdbacktheinfectionlongenoughsothebodycanmakene
wantibodiesthatfitperfectlyonthechangedspike.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inparagraph2referto?A.Thevirus.B.Thecell.C.Thespike.D.Thec
onnection.5.Whatisthefifthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Howavirusentersthehumancell.B.Howaviruscopiesitselfinsideacell.C.Whytheimm
unesystemcanfightback.D.Whyvirusvariantshavedifferentinfectionrates.6.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.COVID-19variantswi
llbecomemoreandmoreinfectious.B.ItisunlikelyforCOVID-19patientstogetinfectedagain.C.Oldantibodiesmightbelesseffectiveagainstnewvariants
.D.ItishopelesstogetridoftheCOVID-19inthenearfuture.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WorriesAbouttheCOVID-19VariantsB.
ASimpleGuidetoCOVID-19VariantsC.TheDangeroftheDeadlyCOVID-19VirusD.WaystoProtectOurselvesFromCOVID-19VirusCOwningasmartphonemaynotbea
ssmartasyouthink.ItmayletyousurftheInternet,listentomusicandsnapphotoswhereveryouare...butitalsoturnsyouintoaworkaholic,itseems
.Astudysuggeststhat,bygivingyouaccesstoemailsatalltimes,theall-singing,all-dancingmobilephoneaddsasmuchastwohourstoyourwor
kingday.ResearchersfoundthatBritonsworkanadditional460hoursayearonaverageastheyareabletorespondtoemailsontheirmobiles.ThestudybytechnologyretailerP
ixmaniarevealstheaverageUKworkingdayisbetween9and10hours,butafurthertwohoursisspentrespondingtoorsendingworkemails,ormakingwor
kcalls.Morethan90percentofofficeworkershaveemail-enabledphones,withathirdaccessingthemmorethan20timesaday.Almostoneintenadmitsspendingu
ptothreehoursoutsidetheirnormalworkingdaycheckingworkemails.Someworkersconfesstheyareoncallalmost24hoursaday,withnine
outoftensayingtheymakeworkemailsandcallsoutsidetheirnormalworkinghours.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand7am,withmorethanathi
rdcheckingtheirfirstemailsinthisperiod,andaquartercheckingthembetween11pmandmidnight.GhadiHobeika,marketingdirectorofPixmani
a,said,“Theabilitytoaccessliterallymillionsofapps,keepincontactviasocialnetworksandtakephotosandvideoaswellastextandcallhasmadesmartphonesinvaluable
formanypeople.However,therearedrawbacks.Manycompaniesexpecttheiremployeestobeoncall24hoursaday,sevendaysaweek
,andsmartphonesmeanthatpeopleliterallycannotgetawayfromwork.Themoreconstantlyincontactwebecome,themoreisexpectedofusinaworkcapacity.“
8.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A.TheaverageUKworkingtimeisbetweennineandtwelvehours.B.Nine-tenthsspendover
threehourscheckingworkemails.C.One-fourthchecktheirfirstmailbetween11pmandmidnight.D.Theaveragetimeforfirstcheckingemailsisbetween6amand8a
m.9.Theunderlinedword“accessing”inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby““.A.callingB.usingC.reachingD.getting10.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A.Eve
rycoinhastwosidesB.Itneverrainsbutpours.C.Allthatglittersisnotgold..D.It’snogoodcryingoverspiltmilk.11.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Workaholics
likesmartphones.B.Employersdon’tlikesmartphones.C.Smartphonesmakeourlifeeasier.D.Smartphonesbringaboutextrawork.DInApril2018,a
groupofCanadianscientistsflyinginahelicopter(直升飞机)discoveredsomethingtheydidn'texpecttosee—ahuge,unknowncave
withanopeningthesizeofafootballfield.ThecavewasdiscoveredinthenorthernpartofWellsGrayProvincialPark,in
awild,farawayareaofCanada'sCaribooMountains.Theareaishardtogettoandevenhardertotravelthrough.Itiscoveredwithsnowformuchoftheyear.Thegro
uptoldCatherineHickson,ascientistwhostudiesrocks,aboutthecave.Dr.Hicksongotateamofresearcherstogethertostudyit.InSeptember,t
heywentforacloserlookaftermostofthesnowmelted(融化).ThecaveisoneofthelargestinCanada.Notonlyistheopeningtothecavelargerthanafootballfield,thecave
isalsodeep.Theteamcouldn'tmeasure(测量)allthewaytothebottom,buttheythinkitmaybemorethan180metersdeep.Thecaveistensofthousandsofy
earsold.Buttherockinthecaveismadeofusedtobeatthebottomofanocean(海洋).Itishundredsofmillionsofyearsold.Asmall,butfastriverofmeltingsnowleads
intothecaveononeside,creatingawaterfallnearthetopandariveratthebottom.Thewatercomesoutagainalongwayaway.Theexit(出口)isabout2.1kilometersawayandabout
l/2kilometerlowerdown.Thecavewillhavetowaittogetanofficialname.Fornow,thecaveisbeingcalled"Sarlacc'sPit"b
ecauseitlookssimilartothehomeoftheSarlacc,apersonintheStarWarsmovieReturnoftheJedi.ForDr.Hickson,there'salessontobelearnedfromthecave."Itshowsyoutha
tyoudon'tknoweverything,"shesays."Therearethingsyettobediscovered."12.Whydidthecaveremainunknowninthepast?A.Itisinawildmountainarea.B.Ithas
beenthereforjustafewyears.C.Itsopeningistoosmalltobenoticed.D.Theweatherthereiscoldallyearround.13.WhatareParagraphs4and5mainlyabout?A.Thehist
oryofthecave.B.Somefactsaboutthecave.C.Thevalueofstudyingthecave.D.Themethodsofstudyingthecave.14.Whatdoestheu
nderlinedword"It"inParagraph4referto?A.Thesnow.B.Theriver.C.Theocean.D.Therock.15.Thecave'sname"Sarlace'sPit"hassomethingtodowith_____
___.A.localcultureB.itsdiscoverersC.thewayitlooksD.thenameofafilmstar第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处
的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manypeoplearewellawareofthebenefitsofteachingourchildrentolovereading.Lesseasytodo,however,isfindingregu
lartimetoreadwithourchildren.___16___Selectasuitabletimeofday.Themostsuitabletimeofdayisoftenbedtimebutitmightnotbesuitableforyou.___
17___Ifreadingagoodnightstoryat8pmhasyouyawningandtryinghardtoremainawake,perhapsastorybeforedinner,orastoryintheafternoonwillworkou
tbetter.Youneedtodirectthisdecisiontomakeitfitinratherthanmissit.___18___Ratherthantrytogothroughfivechaptersofalargebookeachnight,cutitdowntot
wochapters.Ratherthanreadfivestorybooks,cutitdowntotwo.Whenthealternativeisnothingatall,bookswithfewerchapterswillbemuchpreferredbyyour
child.Readloudtogether.Whenyouhavemorethanonechild,makereadingdonetogether.Ifanolderchildwhoisabletoreadfindsthis“unfair”or
“annoying”,youcanlethimreadsomethingthatinterestshimandreaditoutloudtothefamily.Anotherwaytoengagemoretha
nonechildistoreadstoriesinturnandhaveeachofthemlistenpolitely.___19___Praiseyourchildren.___20___Whenyourchildrenreadanyt
hing-beitthelabeloffacerealpacketorabook,besuretopraisetheirreadingateverychanceyouget.Thus,youarecreatingareadingculturein
yourfamily,whichisanimportantwayofhelpingchildrencopewiththeirfeelingsandproblems,aswellasansweringtheir
curiosities,anddevelopingtheirimagination.A.Readeverynight.B.Itgoesalongway.C.Breakdownthereadingifnecessa
ry.D.Dorememberasuitabletimeforreadingvariesamongchildren.E.Hereishowyoufityourselfinregularreadingsessionswithyourchildren.F.Soitisimportan
ttotakeintoaccountyouravailabilitythroughouttheday.G.Asaresult,theywilllovehearingandbeinfavorofsuchgroupactiv
ity.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Itwasasunnyday.Acitymanwasdrivingalongacountryroadw
ithanewwagon(马车)andabeautifulpairofhorses.Hedidn’tpayalotof___21___towherehewasgoing.Prettysoonhe___22_
__thathewaslost,buthecontinuedtodrive,expectingtore-findhiswayorto___23___someonewhocouldtellhimhowtogetbacktothe___24___.Itwasalong___25___ro
ad.Formany___26___hekeptondriving.Whenitwasalmostdark,hesawinafieldatall___27___ploughing(犁地)theland.Hestoppedhis___28___teamo
fhorsesnearthefenceandcalledout,“Hello,farmer.”“Hello,yourself,”thefarmer___29___,stillploughing.“Wh
eredoesthehorsego?”heaskedwithoutknowinghislanguagemistakes.“Ihaven’tseenitgoanywhere.It___30___staysrightwhereitis,”saidthefa
rmer,withoutstoppinghiswork.“Howfarisittothenexttown?”saidthecityman,speakingalittlemore___31___.“Don’tknow.Inever____3
2____it,”repliedthefarmer.Bythistimethecitymanwasgetting____33____“Whatdoyouknow?You’rethebiggestfoolIeversaw.”Finallystopping,t
hefarmerturnedandlookedforalongtime____34____atthecityman.Thenhesaid,“MaybeIdon’tknowmuch.____35____Iamafool.ButatleastI’mnotlost!”21.A.signsB.ord
ersC.attentionD.direction22.A.realizedB.recognizedC.acceptedD.received23.A.missB.meetC.lookD.lose24.A.townB.countryC.capitalD.village25.A.lo
nelyB.busyC.dirtyD.crowded26.A.secondsB.minutesC.hoursD.years27.A.driverB.policemanC.farmerD.worker28.A.strongB.tiredC.weakD.tiring29.A.askedB.dem
andedC.repliedD.ordered30.A.alwaysB.oftenC.sometimesD.seldom31.A.politelyB.friendlyC.loudlyD.angrily32.A.judgedB.
measuredC.sawD.studied33.A.sadB.lovelyC.friendlyD.angry34.A.gladlyB.immediatelyC.silentlyD.excitedly35.A.GenerallyB.For
tunatelyC.CertainlyD.Perhaps第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Everyyear,morethan13billionplasticbott
lesaresoldinBritain.Allofthem____36____(use)onlyonce,andonlyhalfofthemarerecycled.Somethinkplasticbottlesshoul
dbebanned(明令禁止).____37____thinktheyshouldberecycled.Othersthinkareturningplanshouldbebroughtintoavoidthe____38
____(pollute)ofriversandseas.Thatistosay,peoplewillgetupto20pencebackeverytimetheyreturn____39____bottle.Areturningplanforbot
tlesisalready____40____(success)inGermany,where98.5%ofplasticbottlesarereturned.____41____(lucky),therearealreadysignsthatt
hingsarechangingforthebetter.Lastyear,Selfridgesstopped____42____(sell)single-usewaterbottles.LondonZooannounce
dthatitwouldalsobanthem.Itsold155,000plasticbottlesofwaterlastyear.Nowitwillsellonlyreusableplasticbottles,____43____canbefill
edbyvisitorsfromtaps.Familiesvisitingbeachesthissummerarebeingaskedtotakepartinaplancalled“ReturnToOffender”.Theideais___
_44____(post)plasticbottlesandotherlittertheyfindbacktothe_____45_____(company)thatmadethem,usingtheirfreepostaddresses.第三部分写作(共两节,满
分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校正在组织英语作文大赛。请以“我最喜欢的诗人”为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:1.人物简介;2.喜欢的原因。注意:1.词数80左右;2.短文题目和首句已为你写好,不计入总词数。Myfavoritepoe
tTherearemanyfamouspoetsallovertheworld.______________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Thi
rtyyearsago,Cayleywasgreatlysurprisedtofindthatshehadabrother.Shemadeuphermindtofindhim.Sincethensherefusedtoleavethehomeshegrewupin
,hopingthatherbrotherwouldknockonthedooroneday.LittledidCayleyknowthatherbrother,NickRhoades,hadbeenlongingtodoso
,butonlytowalkawayatthelastminute.ButthankstotheTVprogrammeLongLostFamily,thepairhaveenjoyedanemotionalreunion.Cayley’smumJacquelineleftthefamily
whenherdaughterwasonlyseventostartanewlifeinAmerica.CayleywasbroughtupbyhergrandmotherVictoria,whodiedin2001,andsheclearlyrememberedfirs
tfindingoutaboutherbrotherNick.Cayleywasquiteangrywiththefactthatwascoveredup.Soshewasdeterminedtofindherbr
othernomatterwhatdifficultiesshewouldmeetwith.Manyyearslater,Cayley,herhusband,Colin,andtheirchildrenwerestillstayingint
hehousewhereshegrewupbecauseshealwayshadhopethatonedayherbrotherwouldknockonthedoor.HerhusbandColinwasveryunderstandingandeve
nthoughtheyhadtwootherhousestomoveto,theystayedinthesamehouse.Shenevergaveuphope.Meanwhile,whenNickknewhewasadopted,hedidaskhi
sparentsquestionsandtheytoldhimeverythingtheyknew.Hisadoptiveparentsweresolovingandhismumhadadoptedhundredsofchildren.Nickhadbe
enoneofthoseluckykids.Hehadlivedareallyveryhappychildhood.Sadly,whenNickwas18hisadoptivemumdiedofcancer.Afterseveralyears,hisadoptivefatheralso
died.Nickwasextremelysadduringthatperiodoftime.Onceagain,hebecameapoororphanwithoutparents,whichledhim
tomakethedecisiontofindhisbirthmumJacqueline.Nickhadbeengivenhisbirthcertificate(出生证)byhisadoptiveparentswithan
addressonit.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCayl
eyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamilyforhelp.____________________________________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1.C2.D3.A4.A5.D6.C7.B8.C9.B10.A11.D12.A13.B14.D15.C16.E17.F
18.C19.G20.B21.C22.A23.B24.A25.A26.C27.C28.B29.C30.A31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D36.areused37.Some38.pollution39.a40.successful
41.Luckily42.selling43.which44.topost45.companies46.Onepossibleversion:MyfavoritepoetTherearemanyfamouspoetsallovertheworld.Myfavo
ritepoetisDuFu,oneofthegreatestChinesepoets.Knownas"theSageofPoetry",DuFuwrotewitharealisticstyleandg
aveavividaccountofwhatwashappeninginhisage.Moreimportantly,DuFushowedgreatconcernoverpoorpeople'slives.Manyofhispo
emsreflectedthegreatgapbetweentherichandthepoor,andtheeffectsofwaronthepeople.DuFu'spoemsreflectrealitiesandpayatt
entiontocommonpeople'slives.ThatiswhyIlikeDuFumost.47.NickandhiswifeSandradecidedtofindhismother’shouse.ItfeltsostrangethatNickknewit
wasexactlythehousewhentheywereapproachingit.Hehadafeelingthathehadbeenlivingherelonglongtimeago.Hewaseagert
oknockatthedoor,buthestoppedallofasudden.Hisconcernwasthathemightinterrupthismother.Hedidn’twanttogointo
thehousedirectlyandtoldhertheywerehersonanddaughter-in-law.Thankfully,Nick’ssisterCayleyandNick’swifeSandrabothturnedtoLongLostFamil
yforhelp.Cayleywantedtofindherlittlebrother,andSandrawantedtohelpherhusbandfindabouthismum.Cayleywasaskedlotsofpersonalquestions.Shebur
stintotearswhensheknewtheywereaboutherbrother.Whentheyfinallymet,Nickknewitwasexactlyhissister.Theyweresoalike,eventheirgesturesorwaysofs
peakingwerethesame.Amonthlater,Nickwasreunitedwithhismum,whoflewbackfromAmerica.Theyarealwaysmeetingupfro
mthenon.