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练习52语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书131页Ⅰ.语法填空2022·全国乙卷说明文210词★★★☆☆May21stthisyearmarksthefirstInternationalTeaDay,whichwasnamedofficially1._______

_theUnitedNationsonNovember27th,2019.Tocelebrate2.________festival,anumberofeventstookplaceattheChineseBusinessmanMuse

uminBeijingonThursday.ThechairmanoftheChinaCulturePromotionSociety3.________(address)theopeningceremony.“AsamainpromoteroftheInt

ernationalTeaDay,thebirthplaceofteaandthe4.________(large)tea­producingcountry,Chinahasa5.________(responsible)toworkw

ithothercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha6.________(share)futureformankind，”hes

aid.The“FirstInternationalTeaDayTeaRoadCooperativeInitiative”issued(发布)attheceremonycallsforpeopleworkingintheteaindustrytocometogetherto

promoteinternationalcooperation7.________culturalexchanges.Afour­yearteapromotion—TeaRoadCooperativePlan—wasalsoissuedinaccorda

ncewiththeinitiative.8．________(strengthen)theconnectionwithyoungpeople,theeventincludedanumberofpublicpromotionalactivitiesonso

cialmedia,9.________(invite)twenty­nineteaprofessionalsfromaroundtheworldtohavethirty­sixhoursofuninterruptedli

vebroadcasts.TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening10.________(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueof

Truth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了庆祝第一个国际茶日，中国商会博物馆所举办的一系列活动。1．答案与解析：by考查介词。句意：2019年11月27日，联合

国正式将5月21日定为第一个国际茶日。根据句意可知，此处表达“被联合国在5月21日命名”。表示被动，使用固定结构“be＋过去分词＋by”。故填by。2．答案与解析：the考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物

馆举行了一系列活动。特指InternationalTeaDay这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。3．答案与解析：addressed考查时态。句意：中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情，用

一般过去时。故填addressed。4．答案与解析：largest考查形容词最高级。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。根据定冠词the和常识可知，中国是最大产茶国，所以用形容词的最高级形式。故填largest。5．答

案与解析：responsibility考查名词。句意：中国是茶的发源地和最大产茶国，作为国际茶日的主要推动者，中国有责任与其他国家共同促进茶产业的健康发展。不定冠词a后接可数名词的单数形式。故填responsibility。6．答案与解析：shared考查非谓语动词。

句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。7．答案与解析：and考查连

词。句意：仪式上发布的“首个国际茶日万里茶道合作倡议”呼吁茶业人士团结起来，促进国际合作和文化交流。名词internationalcooperation和culturalexchanges为并列成分，作动词promote的宾语。故填and。8

．答案与解析：Tostrengthen考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达

“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填Tostrengthen。9．答案与解析：inviting考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来

自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。此处为非谓语动词，逻辑主语theevent与invite之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填inviting。10．答案与解析：its考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第

一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词。故填its。Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·石家庄质检Ⅱ说明文281词★★★★☆Manyownersofelectriccarshavewishedfora

batterypackthatcouldpowertheirvehicleformorethanathousandmilesonasinglecharge.Researchershavedevelopedalithium­airb

atterythatcouldmakethatdreamareality.Thenewbatterydesigncouldalsoonedaypowerairplanesandtrucks.Themainnewcomponentinthi

slithium­airbatteryisasolidelectrolyte(电解质)insteadoftheusualliquidvariety.Batterieswithsolidelectrolytesarenotsubjecttosafe

typroblemswiththeliquidelectrolytesusedinlithium­ionandotherbatterytypes,whichcanoverheatandcatchfire.Moreimportantly,thesolidelect

rolytecanpotentiallyboosttheenergyfourtimes,whichtranslatesintolongerdrivingrange.Foroveradecade,scienti

stshavebeenworkingovertimetodevelopalithium(锂)batterythatmakesuseoftheoxygeninair.Thelithium­airbatteryhasthehighestenergyofanybatterytechnologybe

ingconsideredforthenextgenerationofbatteriesbeyondlithium­ion.Thenewsolidelectrolyteiscomposedofamaterialmadefromrelativelyine

xpensiveelements,comparedwiththepastdesigns.Besides,thechemicalreactioninlithium­iononlyinvolvesoneort

woelectronsstoredperoxygenmolecule(分子),whilethatforthelithium­airbatteryinvolvesfourelectrons.Moreelectronsstoredmeanshigherenergy.Then

ewdesignisthefirstlithium­airbatterythathasachievedafour­electronreactionatroomtemperature.Italsooperateswithoxygensuppliedbyairfromthesurround

ingenvironment.Thecapabilitytorunwithairavoidstheneedforoxygentankstooperate,aproblemwithearlierdesigns.“Withfurtherdevelo

pment,weexpectournewdesignforthelithium­airbatterytoreacharecordof1，200watt­hoursperkilogram，”saidCurtiss,aresearcher.“Thatisne

arlyfourtimesbetterthanlithium­ionbatteries.”【语篇解读】本文介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池，可以有朝一日为飞机和卡车提供动力。1．Whatcontribute

smosttothelithium­airbattery?A．Lithium­ion.B．Oxygenmolecules.C．Solidelectrolytes.D．Liquidcomponents.答案与解析：C理解具体信息

。根据第一段尾句可知，锂空气电池主要的新成分是固体电解质；根据第二段的内容可知，有固体电解质的电池不存在安全问题。更重要的是，固体电解质可能会将能量提高四倍，这意味着更长的行驶里程。由此可知，对锂空气电池贡献最大的是固体电解质。故选C项。2．What

'stheproblemwithlithium­ionbatteries?A．Theyburneasilyifoverheated.B．Theyareunsafeinproduction.C．Theydamagetheenvironment.

D．Theyrequirelongerchargingtime.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第二段中的“lithium­ionandother...overheatandcatchfire”可知，锂离子电池容易过热且着火。故选A项。3．Howdoesthe

authororganizeParagraph4?A．Bygivingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparisons.C．Bypresentingstatistics.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeff

ect.答案与解析：B理解写作手法。明题意：本题问“作者是如何组织第四段的？”→寻线索：根据第四段中的“Thenewsolidelectrolyte...comparedwiththepastdesigns”可知，与过去的设计相比，新的固体电解质由相对便宜的成分制成；本段第二句中whi

le表示前后两种情况的对比→定答案：由此可知，作者是用比较的方法来写第四段的。故选B项。4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．HowLithium­airBatteriesWorkB．WhatWillBeUsedtoPowerAirplane

sC．ElectricCarsAreBecomingMorePopularD．NewBatteriesOfferLongerDrivingRange答案与解析：D理解文章主旨要义。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了研究人员已经开发出一种锂空气电池，讲述了

该电池的主要成分、与旧的锂离子电池相比该电池的优点——无锂离子电池等存在的安全问题且行驶里程更长等。故选D项。B2023·全国甲卷说明文310词★★★☆☆Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowto

about2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyaconflictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—werevere(敬畏)themevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.Askthetouristsfromar

oundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhattheymosthopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame:agrizzlybear.“Grizzlybe

arsarere­occupyinglargeareasoftheirformerrange，”saysbearbiologistChrisServheen.Asgrizzlybearsexpandtheirra

ngeintoplaceswheretheyhaven'tbeenseeninacenturyormore,they'reincreasinglybeingsightedbyhumans.ThewesternhalfoftheU．S.wasfull

ofgrizzlieswhenEuropeanscame,witharoughnumberof50，000ormorelivingalongsideNativeAmericans.Bytheearly1970s,aftercenturiesofcrueland

continuoushuntingbysettlers,600to800grizzliesremainedonamere2percentoftheirformerrangeintheNorthernRockies.In1975,grizzlieswerelistedundertheE

ndangeredSpeciesAct.Today,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWil

dlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode­listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Both

effortswereoverturnedduetolawsuitsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.Obviously,ifprecautions(

预防)aren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,sometimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefooda

ndattractantsfromtheiryardsandcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimal

quartersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.“Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant­freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlea

rningbadhabits，”saysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危物种恢复到2000多头，但也带来了

一些问题。5．HowdoAmericanslookatgrizzlies?A．Theycausemixedfeelingsinpeople.B．Theyshouldbekeptinnationalparks.C．The

yareofhighscientificvalue.D．TheyareasymbolofAmericanculture.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzlybears,whichmaygrowtoabout2.5mlongandweighover400kg,occupyacon

flictedcorneroftheAmericanpsyche—wereverethemevenastheygiveusfrighteningdreams.(灰熊可以长到2.5米长，体重超过400公斤，在美国人的心理中占据着一个矛盾的角落——即使它们给我们带来可怕的梦，我们也敬畏它

们)”可知，美国人对灰熊既有害怕，又有敬畏，他们的情感是混合的。故选A项。6．Whathashelpedtheincreaseofthegrizzlypopulation?A．TheEuropeansettlers'behavior.B．Theexpansi

onofbears'range.C．Theprotectionbylawsince1975.D．ThesupportofNativeAmericans.答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“In1975,grizzlieswerelist

edundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct.(1975年，灰熊被列入《濒危物种法》)”以及第四段“Today,thereareabout2,000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.Theirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessful

thattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServicehastwiceattemptedtode­listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthe

mtobehunted.(如今，美国大约有2000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀)”可推知，由于1975年起

受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C项。7．WhathasstoppedtheU.S.FishandWildlifeServicefromde­listinggrizzlies?A．Theoppositionofconservationgroups.B．Thesucce

ssfulcomebackofgrizzlies.C．Thevoiceofthebiologists.D．Thelocalfarmers'advocates.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段中“Today

,thereareabout2，000ormoregrizzlybearsintheU．S.TheirrecoveryhasbeensosuccessfulthattheU．S.FishandWildlifeServi

cehastwiceattemptedtode­listgrizzlies,whichwouldloosenlegalprotectionsandallowthemtobehunted.Botheffortswereoverturnedduetolawsu

itsfromconservationgroups.Fornow,grizzliesremainlisted.(如今，美国大约有2000只或更多的灰熊。它们的恢复非常成功，以至于美国鱼类和野生动物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单

上除名，这将放松对灰熊的法律保护，允许它们被猎杀。由于环保组织的诉讼，这两项努力都被推翻了。目前，灰熊仍在名单上)”可知，是环保组织的反对阻止了美国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A项。8．Whatcanbeinferred

fromthelastparagraph?A．Foodshouldbeprovidedforgrizzlies.B．Peoplecanliveinharmonywithgrizzlies.C．Aspecialpathshouldbebui

ltforgrizzlies.D.Technologycanbeintroducedtoprotectgrizzlies.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Obviously,ifprecautionsaren'ttaken,grizzliescanbecometroublesome,so

metimeskillingfarmanimalsorwalkingthroughyardsinsearchoffood.Ifpeopleremovefoodandattractantsfromtheiryards

andcampsites,grizzlieswilltypicallypassbywithouttrouble.Puttingelectricfencingaroundchickenhousesandotherfarmanimalqua

rtersisalsohighlyeffectiveatgettinggrizzliesaway.‘Ourhopeistohaveaclean,attractant­freeplacewherebearscanpassthroughwithoutlearningbadhabits，’sa

ysJamesJonkel,longtimebiologistwhomanagesbearsinandaroundMissoula.(显然，如果不采取预防措施，灰熊会变得很麻烦，有时会杀死农场动物，或者在院子里寻找食物。如果人们把食物和引诱剂从他们的院子和露营

地移走，灰熊通常会安然通过。在鸡舍和其他农场动物生活区周围设置电动围栏也能有效地赶走灰熊。‘我们希望有一个干净，没有诱饵的地方，熊可以通过，而不会养成坏习惯，’詹姆斯·琼克尔说，他是一位长期管理米苏拉及其周围熊的生物学家)”可推知，灰熊数量增长，虽然

会带来一些麻烦，但是如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B项。答题策略语法填空——冠词冠词的误用、多用与少用误用①表示特指用the，表示泛指用a、an②a、an的混用多用,③,专有名词前不用冠词

，如China④,学科名词前不用冠词，如physics⑤,球类名词前不用冠词，如football⑥,三餐名词前不用冠词，如lunch⑦,留意有多余冠词的固定短语少用,⑧,留意无冠词、无物主代词、无不定代词修饰的单数可数名词⑨,留意缺少冠词的固定短语