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第四单元测评(时间:100分钟满分:120分)第一部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2021·山东潍坊高二期末)TheUSisble

ssedwithmanyofnationalparksthatarehometosomeofthemostbreathtakinglandscapesonEarth.SequoiaNationalPark◇DateofEstablishm

ent:September25,1890◇TotalArea:1,635.19km2Theplaceishometothelargesttreesintheworld.Hikingroutescrossingthesequoiagroves(红

杉林)willtakeyounearthesehugetrees.Theseawe-inspiringforestsfilledwithtoweringtreesareasighttosee.YosemiteNationalPark◇DateofEstablis

hment:October1,1890◇TotalArea:3,028.81km2ItsmaindrawistheYosemiteValleythatlooksbeautifulwithitsjaw-d

roppingscenery.Betweenglacially(冰川地)sculptedcliffs(悬崖)andthetoweringwaterfallsstretchingoutofthesideofthemoun

tains,youreyeswillbetreatedtomanynaturalwonders.TheplacewasnamedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesitein1984.MountRainierNationalP

ark◇DateofEstablishment:March2,1899◇TotalArea:956.60km2Establishingthisnationalparkwastheendofalongbattlebyenvironmentaliststopr

eservetheuniqueforestandglaciallandscapefoundhere.MountRainierisanicyactivevolcano.CraterLakeNationalPark◇DateofEstabli

shment:May22,1902◇TotalArea:741.48km2ManyvisitorscometothisparktoseeCraterLake,thedeepestlakeintheUS.Thewaterappearsinvario

usshadesofblue.Itissurroundedbytoweringcliffsandsourcesitswaterfromrainandsnow.Itsitsinthemiddleofadeadvolcano,somanyspectacular

volcanicformationscanalsobefoundhere.1.Whichofthefollowingistheoldestnationalpark?A.SequoiaNationalPark.

B.YosemiteNationalPark.C.CraterLakeNationalPark.D.MountRainierNationalPark.2.WhatdoYosemiteNationalPar

kandMountRainierNationalParkhaveincommon?A.Activevolcanoes.B.Glaciallandscapes.C.Toweringwaterfalls.D.WorldHeritagesites.3.WhatcanweknowaboutCraterLa

ke?A.Itisthedeepestlakeintheworld.B.Itswatercomesfromtheunderground.C.Itliesinthecenterofadeadvolcano.D.Itswaterpre

sentsvariousshadesofcolors.B(2021·江苏三市联考)JuliaKochbeganhersecondyearasafirst-gradeteacherinavirtualclassroomatEdgewoodE

lementarySchoolinMuskegonHeights,Michigan.OneSeptemberafternoonafewweeksintotheschoolyear,shereceivedacallfromCynthiaPhillips,whowashavingtechni

caldifficultieswithhergranddaughter’stoolsforonlinelearning.KochimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrongwithPhillips.Thetwowomenhadspokenn

umeroustimesbefore,butKochhadneverheardthegrandmothersoundquitelikethis.HerwordsweresojumbledthatKochcouldbare

lyunderstandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatPhillipshadfallenfourtimesthatday.Kochcalledherprincipal,CharlieLovelady,whoas

suredherthathewouldcallandcheckonPhillipshimself.JustlikeKoch,LoveladycouldbarelyunderstandPhillips.Hesuspectedshemightbehavingastroke—herecognizedth

esignsfromwhenhisownfatherhadsufferedone.Loveladywasabletomakeoutthewordkidsandimmediatelybecameconcernedth

atPhillips’stwograndchildren,agessixandeight,wereprobablyhomealonewithher—sheistheirprimaryguardian—andscared.Loveladyaske

dhisofficemanagertosendanambulancetothegrandmother’shome.ThenLoveladycalledVandiebiltMathewsandKeytriaBu

rt-Walker,twodeansintheschooldistrict,totellthemwhatwasgoingon.Bothofthemdroppedeverythinganddrovetothefamily’shome.Whentheypulleduple

ssthantenminuteslater,theEMTsweretreatingPhillipswhilethetwogirls,lookingvisiblyshaken,wereoutsidewithaneighbor.ThequickresponsefromKochandLoveladys

avedPhillips’slife.Shearrivedatthehospitalintimetogettreatmentandbeforechronicdamageoccurred.“Ifitwasn’tforthem,Iwouldn’

tbehere,”saidPhillipsfromherhospitalbedaboutamonthafterherstroke.Thankstoanextendedstayinthehospital,shehasregainedmostofthemovementthroughouther

bodyexceptforonehandandaportionofhermouth,whichaffectsherspeech.Virtuallearninghasbeenachallengeacrossthecountry,butit’sfairtosaythatinMuskegonHeight

sithashelpedthecommunitygrowcloser.Manyteacherstheregavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamiliesincasetheyneedede

xtrahelp.Inthiscase,theexchangewasliterallylife-altering.4.WhatdidKochfoundwhenshereceivedPhillips’scall?A.Phillipshaddifficultieswithonlinelearn

ing.B.Phillipscouldbarelyunderstandher.C.Phillipshadfallenforalongtime.D.Phillipscouldn’texpresshers

elfclearly.5.HowdidLoveladyhelptosavePhillips’slife?A.Hesentanambulancetoherhome.B.Heofferedhertreatmentintime.C.Hedrovehertothehospitalimmed

iately.D.Hemadeaquickresponsetoherdisease.6.WhatisoneofthebadeffectsthestrokeleftonPhillips?A.Shecouldnotmoveaboutproperly.B

.Shecouldnotspeakclearly.C.Shecouldnothavemealsproperly.D.Shecouldnotuseherhandsasbefore.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”(LastParagraph)refert

o?A.Phonenumbers.B.Teachers.C.Studentsandfamilies.D.Communities.C(2021·安徽宿州高二期末)OnSept.21,2020,scientistsannouncedthatArcticseaicehasalreadylo

sttwo-thirdsofitsamountoverthepastfourdecades.Itispartofashockingtrendinpolarheatingthatisalreadyseeingimpactsacrosstheglobe

.Throughoutthespringandsummer,Arcticseaicemeltedawayfasterthanitusuallydoes,causingthelargestlossofArcticseaicecoversincesatelliterecordsbegani

nthe1970s.Thisyear’sminimumwasreachedonSeptember15,at3.74millionm2comparedwiththepreviouslow—4.17millionm2—setin2007.What’scausin

gthislossofseaice?Theshortanswerisourheatingclimate.Arecentstudyshowedthattheinfluenceofheathasmorethandoubledoverthepastdecadeorso,whi

chmeansthemeltingofnearlyameterthicknessofseaiceeachyear.ThebiggesteffectsofthelossofArcticseaice,ofcourse,willbefeltlocally:fromthemo

repossiblesnowfalltomorestormswithstrongerwinds.Thesewillalsocausewavesaswellasrisingtemperatures.Infact,theincreasedtemperaturestransformedn

orthernforestsintotinderboxesreadytoburn.ThatmeltalsomeanspolarbearsarelosingcriticalhabitatandInuithuntersarel

osingicetopreservetheirtraditionsandculture.Onalargerscale,thegreatestimpactmaybethechangesintheArctic’sabi

lityiofunctionasacoolingsystemfortheglobalocean.AwarmerArcticwillaffectthetemperaturedifferencesbetweenthenorthernpolarregionandareasfurt

hersouth.Thatmay,inturn,createstrongerheatwaves,droughts,floodsandpotentialimpactsonfarming.Andallofuswillbemoreexposedtothedisastrou

seffectsofclimatebreakdown.WeneedtohittheresetbuttonrightnowonhowwelookaftereachotherandArcticseaicetohelpourplane

tcopewiththeclimatebreakdown.8.Whatdothefiguresinparagraph2showus?A.Thewaysofseaicemelting.B.Thereasonsforseaiceme

lting.C.Thebigfallintheamountofseaice.D.Thegreatdamageofseaicemelting.9.WhatmayhappenduetotheArcticseaiceloss?A.Thereductio

nofsnowfall.B.Theglobalclimateemergency.C.Thedirectoutbreakofforestfires.D.ThedisappearanceofInuithunters.10.

Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Stressingtheimportanceofoceans.B.Warningpeopleofthepossiblerisks.C.Puttingforwardsomeusefulmeasures.D.

AppealingtothepublictoprotectArcticseaice.11.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Theearthisfacingacatastrophe.B.Climatebreakdow

nisontheway.C.GlobalheatingseesArcticseaiceloss.D.Arcticseaiceisimportantformankind.DItwasMay23,2016.

Arnot,the32-year-oldmountainguide,reachedthetopofQomolangmawithouttheuseofoxygen(O2)equipment.Itwasachievedaftersevenyears,threepreviousatt

empts,andfourteenstraighthoursofclimbing.After15minutesatthetop,Arnotbeganherdescent(下坡).Eighthourslater,shereachedthecampat

7,600metresandbecamethefirstAmericanwoman—andonlytheseventhwomanever—tosuccessfullyreachMountQomolangmawithoutoxygenequipment.“The

rearesomanyreasonsforherimpressiveachievement,especiallythephysicalandemotionaleffortsthatshehasputforthovertheyearstomakethishappen,”say

stheprofessionalclimberandphotographerRichards.“Thementalcouragethatitrequiresissomethingveryfewpeoplehave.”Arnotdidn’tstar

tclimbinguntilshewas19yearsold.Moneywastightinherfamily,andclimbingmountainsneveroccurredinhermind.Aftergraduatingfromcollege

,Arnotwasinvitedbyherfriendtoclimbamountain.“Ittotallychangedmylife,”saysArnot.“Ialwaysknowthatifyouwantsomethin

g,youcanachieveit,butknowingwhatyouwantisawholedifferentthing,”shesays.“Iamathleticbutnotcompetitive.Aft

ermyfirstclimbing,IknewimmediatelythatmountainsarewhatIwant—asthatiswhereIfelthomeforthefirsttimeinmylife.”Afterthatfirstclimb

,shedevotedherselftolearninghowtoclimbandmovethroughmountain.ItwasduringhersecondtriptoQomolangmain2

009thatshefirstsethersightsonano-oxygenattempt.However,whilehikingintoQomolangmaBaseCampthatyear,shehurtherlegandwasn’tabletoclimbwit

houtoxygen.In2013shenearlymadeittothetop,butwasforcedtotakeoxygenat8,504metreswhilehelpinganotherclimber.WhenArnotfinallystoodatopQomolangma,she

calledherbestfriend,“IreachedthetopandI’mnotusinganyoxygen.”Then,tearsbegantostreamdownfromhereyes.SomuchofArnot’slifehasbeenaboutpushingthelimi

tsofherabilities,andinthiscase,shehasalsopushedupagainsttheouterlimitsofthehumanspirit.12.OnMay23,2016,Arnot.A.spent8straighthourscli

mbingB.stayedatthetopfor50minutesC.madeherfirstattempttoclimbQomolangmaD.reachedthetopwithoutoxygenequipment13.Arnotfellinlovewithc

limbingbecause.A.moneywasnolongeraproblemtoherB.mountainsgaveherthefeelingofcomfortC.shetriedtobemoreathleticandcompetitiveD.shewantedtobuildupherb

odythroughclimbing14.WhatdoweknowaboutArnot’sclimbingexperience?A.Shetookupclimbingwhenshewas19yearsold.B.Shehasalwaysbeenagoodclimbersinceherchi

ldhood.C.SheclimbedQomolangmawithherfamilyduringherfirsttrip.D.Shehurtherlegbadlywhilehelpinganotherclimberin2

009.15.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeArnot?A.Determinedandbrave.B.Cautiousandhonest.C.Caringandopen-minded.D.Confidentandcreative.第二节(共5小

题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2020·河南南阳高二期末)Practiceself-controlbysettinggoalsandstickingtot

hemMakeyourgoalsspecificandlong-term.Psychologystudieshaveshownthatabstract(抽象的),big-picturethinkingleadstoself-control.Insteadoffocusingonthemoment

,looktowardbiggergoalslikesuccessinschoolorsports.16●Writedownyourgoalsandhangthemupwhereyoucanseethemregularly.17●Make

behavioralgoalstoo.Committobehavingyourselfinpublicandnothavinganyunintendedoutbursts.●18GetstraightA’s,keeppracticinggui

taruntilyou’recomfortableenoughtoplayagig,orexercisefourtimesaweek.Sticktoyourgoalsseriously.●Whenyouaretobreakapromiseoragoal,takeadeepbreathand

thinkaboutwhyyousetthegoalinthefirstplace.Thatlongtermcommitmentismoreimportantthanyourmomentaryimpulse(冲动).●Makesureyourgoalsar

especific.19●Trysettingupapunishmentandrewardsystemforyourself.20Likewise,ifyoudecidetoskipaworkout,makeupforitbyworkingout

twiceaslongthenextday.Practiceslikethesewillleadtocontroloveryourdesiresandactions.●Makespecificlong-term

goalswithspecificshort-termwaystoachievethem.A.Keepyourgoalspositive.B.Remindyourselfofyourgoalsregularly.C.Ge

neralgoalsaremucheasiertoforgetabout.D.Focusingonthefuturewillhelpyoubehaveinthepresent.E.Moveuptohardergoalslikemakingthestartingbasketballt

eam.F.Ifyougoaweekstickingtoastrictdiet,giveyourselfa“cheatday”.G.Stickwithyourgoalsandsoonyou’llbeintotalcontrolofyourthoughtsan

dactions.第二部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2021·山东德州二模)Itightlyheldtheseatundermeasthejeepracedf

orward,bouncingmeintotheair.I,abookishManhattanite,21solonorthoftheArcticCircletotheSwedishLapland.Ididn’twantto22myfortiethbirthdayasadayIwaschai

nedwithmyofficework.Feelinganurgencytolivelifetothe23,Iansweredthecallofthewild.IbookedaHuskysleddingtourand24myselfthatIwouldbesafe

onthejourney.Yet,Istilldoubtedmyabilitytosteerthe25dogs.Whatifthesledstoppedhalfwayandthe26begantocrackunderus?Afterstrugglingintomultipl

elayersofclothing,Iboardedandlookedlikeafatmonster.WiththepackofHuskies,eruptinginthe27ofbarksandhowls,Ihittheopenroughroad.Whilespeeding

down,Icouldevenhearthesnowcrunchingunderus.With28eyes,Itriedtoavoidanypossibledangers.Ididn’twanttoputmyownlife29.Eventually,thepackofHuski

eshadbroughtmy30intotheunknown.Avaststretchofwildopenedbeforeus.Tallconifers(松柏)31atunneloftrees.Idesiredtocatchaglimpseofthenativewildlife—theq

uietmoose,thearcticfox,themagicalreindeer,whichseemedstraightfromastorybook.Iwassearching,liketheHuskies,allsenses32,eagerfo

radventure.Istrainedmyeyesasfarastheycouldsee33pathsmetmilky-whitesky.Perhapstheearthandtheheavenwereone.Perhapslifewasn’tsomuch

about34thereins(缰绳)butlettinggoandtrustingtheadventure.Perhapsweevenneedalittleroughweather,theslipperysnow,toexperience

the35ofchallengingthewild.21.A.hikedB.settledC.traveledD.dreamed22.A.getalongwithB.lookbackonC.makeupforD.keepupwith23.A

.fullestB.largestC.fairestD.coldest24.A.requestedB.declaredC.forgaveD.convinced25.A.freezingB.emotion

alC.dangerousD.energetic26.A.carB.iceC.rockD.air27.A.noiseB.sightC.recordD.song28.A.watchfulB.sensitiveC.p

atientD.generous29.A.witheaseB.undercontrolC.atriskD.inreturn30.A.thoughtB.workC.futureD.journey31.A.grewB.

createdC.liftedD.covered32.A.alertB.absentC.dullD.obvious33.A.muddyB.snowyC.toughD.busy34.A.looseningB.fixingC.tigh

teningD.breaking35.A.painB.sorrowC.hopeD.joy第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2021·浙江丽水高二期末)Arewealoneintheuniverse?Sc

ientistshavespentyears36.(search)deepintospaceforsignsoflifebeyondourplanet.Nowthey’vediscoveredwhat

mightbelifeonVenus.Venusisthesecondplanetfromthesuninoursolarsystem.It’soneofthebrightest37.(object)inthenightsky.Severalbillionyearsago,thes

urfacesofVenusandEarthmayhavebeen38.(much)similarthannow.Buttoday,thesurfaceofVenusistoohotforlife.Anduntilrecen

tly,Venus’sthickcloudswerethoughttobetoopoisonousforalivingthing39.(survive)there.40.September14,inthejournalNatureAstronomy,sc

ientistsreportedthediscoveryofachemical41.(call)phosphine(磷化氢)inthecloudsofVenus.OnEarth,phosphinegas42.(give)offbylivingthings.Scientis

tsaren’tyetabletoprovethatlifeonVenusis43.isproducingthephosphine.Buttheycan’texplainthesourceofthegasinanyotherway.ThediscoveryoflifebeyondEarthwoul

dteachusmoreabouttheuniverse44.ourplaceinit.ToSousa-Silva,HarvardUniversityastrochemist,itwouldsaysomethingaboutour45.(important).“

Ilikefindingoutthatweashumansaren’tthatspecial,”shesays.第三部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一节(满分15分)(2021·山东泰安高二期末)“中华泰山成人礼”倡导全市高中生登泰山

活动已经启动,你们班决定近期组织参加。假设你是班长李华,请你用英语拟定一份活动方案,内容包括:1.集合时间、地点;2.行程安排;3.注意事项。注意:1.词数应为80左右;2.文中不要出现真实校名、班级。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开

头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021·山东济南高二期末)Onesunnyafternoon,Janes,aseven-year-oldgirlwhoseparentswenttotheirfarmtoharvestco

rns,waslefthomewiththeirdog,Yeller.Feelingratherbored,shedecidedtogooutforanadventurealone.Withatoyguninherhandandawhistlearo

undherneck,Janecrossedalargeareaofgrasslandintothewoodsbeforesherealizedthatshewaslost.Sittingonarockandwonderingwhattodo,Janebegancrying.Aftera

while,shedecidedtowalkalongawidepathlinedwithtalltreesandthickbushes.Itwasgettingdark,butshestillcouldn’t

findherwayhome.Suddenly,sheheardastrangenoise,whichwasactuallythesoundofwindblowingleaves.Sheranquicklyinthewoodsuntiltherewasnoroadahe

adbutariver.Shelosthertoygunwhilerunning.Coldandscared,Janesatdownneartheriverandfellasleepagainstatree.Herparentswerebackfromworkbutcouldnotfindthei

rdaughter.DeeplyworriedaboutJane’ssafety,theylockedthedoorandwentouttosearchforher.Theirdog,Yeller,was

leftathome.Henoticedsomethingwaswrongbecauseitwasdarkbuttherewasnobodyhome.HesensedthatJanewasindanger.

Hetriedtogetout,butthedoorwaslocked.Hejumpedthroughawindow,lookedinthefieldsbutcouldn’tfindheranywhere.However,fromthegroundcameafamiliarsm

ellasheloweredhishead.Hefollowedthesmellandwalkedacrossthegrasslanduntilhefoundthetoygun.ButJanewasnotthere.T

hedogcircledaroundthewoods,barkingloudlyintotheair.注意:续写词数应为150左右。JaneopenedhereyesandheardYellerbarkingnearby.Weakand

hungry,JanewalkedbackhomewithYellerleadingtheway.答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章分别介绍了美国的四座有着悠久历史的国家公园,也介绍了每个公园拥有的怡人风景。1.A细节理解题。根据四个国家

公园的“DateofEstablishment”可知,SequoiaNationalPark为“September25,1890”,YosemiteNationalPark为“October1,1890”,Moun

tRainierNationalPark为“March2,1899”,CraterLakeNationalPark为“May22,1902”。通过四个公园建立的时间的对比可知,SequoiaNationalPark是建立时间最早的,因此是最古老的。2.B细节理解

题。根据YosemiteNationalPark标题下的“Betweenglaciallysculptedcliffsandthetoweringwaterfallsstretchingoutofthesideofthemountains”以及M

ountRainierNationalPark标题下的“glaciallandscape”可知,YosemiteNationalPark和MountRainierNationalPark这两座公园都有冰川风景。3.C细节理解题。根据Cr

aterLakeNationalPark标题下的“Itsitsinthemiddleofadeadvolcano.”可知,CraterLake位于一座死火山的中心。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。CynthiaPhillips给Koch老师打电话咨询在线学习工具的技术问

题时,Koch通过Phillips的说话声音察觉到异样,意识到Phillips可能有麻烦。Koch给校长打电话,校长判断Phillips可能中风了。Phillips被及时送往医院,避免了严重后果的发生。4.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Herwordsweresojumbledt

hatKochcouldbarelyunderstandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatPhillipshadfallenfourtimesthatday.”可知,当Koch接到Phillips的电话后,她发现Phillips不能清楚地

表达自己。5.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Loveladyaskedhisofficemanagertosendanambulancetothegrandmother’shome.ThenLoveladycall

edVandiebiltMathewsandKeytriaBurt-Walker,twodeansintheschooldistrict,totellthemwhatwasgoingon”可知,Lovelady对Phillips的病做了迅速的反应,帮助挽救了Phillips的生命。

6.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thankstoanextendedstayinthehospital,shehasregainedmostofthemovementthroughoutherbodyexceptforonehandandaportionofhermouth,w

hichaffectsherspeech.”可知,中风给Phillips留下的一个坏影响是她说话不清楚。7.C代词指代题。根据“Manyteacherstheregavetheirpersonalphonenumberstostuden

tsandfamiliesincasetheyneededextrahelp.”可知,根据就近指代原则,此处的they指的是“studentsandfamilies”。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。2020年9月21日,科学家宣布,在过去40年里,北极海冰已经减少了三分之二。这是令人

震惊的极地变暖趋势的一部分,已经在全球范围内产生影响。8.C推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Thisyear’sminimumwasreachedonSeptember15,at3.74millionm2comparedwiththepreviouslow—4.17millionm2—setin2

007.”可知,第二段中的数字告诉我们海冰数量大幅下降。9.B细节理解题。第二段中提道:北极变暖会影响北极地区和更南部地区的气温差异。这可能反过来会造成更严重的高温、干旱、洪水以及对农业的潜在影响。我们所

有人都将更多地受到气候崩溃的灾难性影响。由此可知,北极海冰消融会导致全球气候紧急情况。10.D主旨大意题。根据最后一段“WeneedtohittheresetbuttonrightnowonhowwelookaftereachotherandArcticseaicetohelpourp

lanetcopewiththeclimatebreakdown.”可知,最后一段主要呼吁公众保护北极海冰。11.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知,在过去40年里,北极海冰已经减少了三分之二。这是令人震惊的极地变暖趋势的

一部分,已经在全球范围内产生影响。由此可知,“全球变暖导致北极海冰融化”最符合文章标题。【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。19岁才开始登山的阿诺特在第一次登山后就爱上了这项运动。之后,她全身心地投入到学习如

何爬山和穿越高山之中。经过数次的困难和挑战,终于在2016年5月23日,32岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰。12.D细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“ItwasMay23,2016.Arnot,

the32-year-oldmountainguide,reachedthetopofQomolangmawithouttheuseofoxygen(O2)equipment.”可知,2016年5月23日,32

岁的阿诺特在没有使用氧气设备的情况下登上了珠穆朗玛峰峰顶。13.B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Aftermyfirstclimbing,IknewimmediatelythatmountainsarewhatIwant—asthatiswher

eIfelthomeforthefirsttimeinmylife.”可知,阿诺特爱上登山是因为登山让她第一次有家的感觉,即山给了她家一样的舒适和安慰感。14.A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Arnotdidn’tstar

tclimbinguntilshewas19yearsold.”可知,阿诺特直到19岁才开始登山。15.A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第一句与第三句可知,阿诺特第一次爬山之后,她全身心地投入到学习如何爬山和穿越高山之中;虽然腿受了伤无法进行无

氧登山,但她还是没有放弃登山,这说明了阿诺特非常有决心。根据最后一段最后一句中的“SomuchofArnot’slifehasbeenaboutpushingthelimitsofherabilities”可知,阿诺特一生的大部分时间都在挑战自己的能力极限,这说明了阿诺特非常勇敢

。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了制定目标的重要性。16.D上文“Insteadoffocusingonthemoment,looktowardbiggergoalslikesuccessinschool

orsports.”指出我们要将眼光放长远。D选项“着眼于未来将有助于你现在的表现。”符合语境,且D选项中的“thefuture”与上文的“themoment”形成逻辑对比关系。故选D项。17.B上文“Writedownyourgoalsandhangthemupwhereyou

canseethemregularly.”说明要将自己设立的目标挂在显眼的地方以提醒自己。B选项“经常提醒自己你的目标。”符合文意。18.A根据下文“GetstraightA’s,keeppracticingguitaruntilyou’recomfortableenoughtoplayagig

,orexercisefourtimesaweek.”可知,设空处内容应当和频率有关,且频率应当较高。所填的句子位于段首,应当起总领的作用,A选项“积极地保持你的目标。”可作为主题句。19.C通过上文主题句“Makesurey

ourgoalsarespecific.”可知,后面的句子应当与目标明确有关。C选项“一般性的笼统目标更容易忘记。”与前面的目标明确形成对比。20.F根据上文“Trysettingupapunishmentandr

ewardsystemforyourself.”可知,前面提到了奖励和惩罚,那么设空处应当讲述奖励和惩罚的一些方式、案例。F选项“如果你坚持一周严格节食,可以给自己一个‘放松日’。”正好是“奖惩制度”的体现。【语篇解读】

本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章结合作者一个人独自穿越北极的经历,最后指出人生需要的不是勒紧缰绳,而是放手,要相信冒险,体验大自然的乐趣。21.C根据下文“solonorthoftheArcticCircletotheS

wedishLapland”可知,作者独自进行了长途旅行(traveled)。22.B根据下文“myfortiethbirthdayasadayIwaschainedwithmyofficework”可

知,此处指作者不想回顾(lookedbackon)40岁生日时被看作是锁在办公室里的一天。23.Aliveone’slifetothefullest“充实的生活”。tothefullest意为“尽情地,最大限度地”。24.D根据下文“Iwouldbesafe

onthejourney”可知,此处指作者让自己相信(convinced)旅途是安全的。25.D根据下文“WiththepackofHuskies,eruptingintheofbarksandhowls”可知,此处指作者怀疑自己是否有能力驾驭这些精力充沛的(e

nergetic)狗。26.B根据“begantocrackunderus”中的“crack”可知,此处指冰(ice)开始裂开。27.A根据下文“ofbarksandhowls”可知,在咆哮声中声音(noise)中,作者冲上了崎岖不平的道路。28.A根

据下文“Itriedtoavoidanypossibledangers”可知,此处指作者用警戒的(watchful)眼神,避免危险。29.C根据前文“Itriedtoavoidanypossibledangers”可知,此处指作者不想拿自己的生命冒险。put...atrisk“使……处于危险中

”。atrisk与danger为同义词语复现。30.D根据前文“Iwouldbesafeonthejourney”可知,此处指爱斯基摩狗把我带到了一个未知的旅途中(journey)。journey为同词复现。31.B根据上文“Tallconifers”和下文

“atunneloftrees”可知,此处指高大的松柏形成了(created)一条树林隧道。32.A根据上文“Iwassearching,liketheHuskies,”可知,此处指作者像爱斯基摩狗一

样的机警。alert“机警的,警惕的”。33.B根据后文“metmilky-whitesky.Perhapstheearthandtheheavenwereone”可知,路和乳白色的天空浑然一体,天地合一,所以此处指我看着雪白的(snowy)路。下文的“theslipperysnow

”处也有提示。34.C根据下文“butlettinggo(要放手)”可知,此处指不是勒紧缰绳。此处tightening和letgo为翻译词语复现。35.D根据下文“challengingthewild

”可知,此处指体验大自然的乐趣(joy)。【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。科学家们一直在太空深处寻找地球以外的生命迹象。36.searching考查非谓语动词。spendtime(in)doingsth“花费时间

做某事”,故填searching。37.objects考查名词的数。oneof+形容词最高级+复数名词,故填objects。38.more考查比较等级。句意:几十亿年前,金星和地球的表面可能比现在更相似。

more...than...“比……更……”。39.tosurvive考查非谓语动词。句意:直到最近,人们还认为金星厚厚的云层有毒,生物无法在那里生存。too...to...“太……而不能……”。40.On考查介词。在具体的某一天,用介词On。41.call

ed考查非谓语动词。名词chemical与call之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词作定语。42.isgiven考查时态和语态。根据文章时态可知,用一般现在时。主语phosphinegas与give之间为被动关

系,所以用被动语态,且主语gas是不可数名词,故填isgiven。43.what考查名词性从句。此处是表语从句,从句缺少主语,所以用连接词what。44.and考查连词。句意:地球之外生命的发现将使我们了解更多关于宇宙和我们在宇宙中的位置。前后之间为并列关系,所以用连词and

。45.importance考查名词。所填的词被形容词性物主代词our修饰,所以用名词形式,故填importance。写作第一节Toencouragestudentstotakeexerciseandrelaxtheirmind,we’regoin

gtoorganizeamountain-climbingactivityonApril10.We’retogatherattheschoolgateandstartoffat7:20a.m.bybusandgetbackat7:00p.m.

We’llclimbMountainTaiinthemorning,atthetopofwhichwe’llhaveapicnicatnoon.Intheafternoonwe’llbedividedintogroupsandhavesomefreetime.R

emembertotakephotosandkeeparecordforthephotoexhibitionortheessaycontesttobeheldlateratourschool.Besides,takeyourlunchanddrink

ingwaterwithyou.第二节JaneopenedhereyesandheardYellerbarkingnearby.Excitedly,shetriedtoyelltomakeherselfheardbutinvainbecausehervoicewastoow

eak.Suddenly,itoccurredtoherthatshebroughtwithherawhistle.Sheblewitwithallherstrengthandthewhistlepiercedthroughthenight

sky.Yellerhearditandrushedtowardstheriver.TheywereverygladandYellerjumpedaroundandlickedherface.