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练习34语法填空＋阅读理解授课提示：对应学生用书84页Ⅰ.语法填空2024·石家庄检测新闻报道200词★★★☆☆BenjaminLouisacomputerscientistandanadvocatewhowasbornwithararegeneticdis

order1.________(call)spinalmuscularatrophy(SMA),whichaffectsthemusclesusedformovingthebody.Attheageofone,hebecame2.________(complete)paralyzed(瘫

痪的)fromthechestdown,makingitdifficultforhimtobreathe,feedhimself,ormovearoundwithoutassistance.Despitethese3.________(challenge),Benjaminbeattheodds

(困难)andenteredMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,4.________heearnedadegreeincomputerscienceandartificialintelligence.Bynow,Benjamin5.______

__(become)aninspirationalfigureforindividualswithdisabilities,usinghisexperiencestoraise6.________(awa

re)abouttheimportanceofaccessibilitytotechnologyandadvocatingpoliciesthatmakedigitaltoolsmoreusableforpeoplewithdisabilities.Hehasalsoworkedon7

.________(develop)assistivetechnologies,suchasavoice­controlledcomputerinterfacethatcanbeusedbypeoplewi

thlimitedmobility.Inaddition8.________hisworkintechnology,Benjaminisapassionateadvocatefordisabilityrights,usinghisplatfo

rmtochallengestereotypes(刻板印象)andpromoteunderstandingoflivingwithadisability.Throughhiswritingandspeakingengag

ements,hehopestoencourageothers9.________(accept)theirdifferencesandworktowardscreating10.________moreinclusivesocietyforall.【语篇解读】

本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了患有脊髓性肌萎缩的计算机科学家楼印根的病情、学术之路，以及他在为残疾人发声上所做的努力等。1．答案与解析：called分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作非谓语，构成非谓语动词短语作geneticdisorder的后置定

语。call与其逻辑主语geneticdisorder之间是动宾关系，所以空处填called。句意：楼印根是一位计算机科学家和倡导者，他生来就患有一种叫作脊髓性肌萎缩(SMA)的罕见遗传性疾病，它会影响用于移动身体的肌肉。2．答案与解析：complete

ly分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词paralyzed，应用副词，所以空处填completely。3．答案与解析：challenges根据空前的these可知，challenge在此作名词，且应用复数形式，所以空处填challenges。4．答案与解析：where分

析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是表示地点的名词MassachusettsInstituteofTechnology，从句中缺少地点状语，所以空处填关系副词where。5．答案与解析：hasbecome分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语。根

据时间状语Bynow可知，时态用现在完成时；主语Benjamin和become之间是主动关系；主语Benjamin是第三人称单数，所以空处填hasbecome。6．答案与解析：awareness此处考查固定表达raiseawarenessabout，意为“提高对……的意识”，所以空处填awar

eness。句意：到目前为止，楼印根已经成为一个能够鼓舞残疾人人心的人物，他利用自己的经历提高人们对获得技术的重要性的认识，并倡导使数字工具对残疾人更有用的政策。7．答案与解析：developing分析句子结构可知，空处作介词on的宾语，所以空处填developing。8．答案

与解析：to此处考查固定表达inadditionto，意为“除……之外”。句意：除了他在技术方面的工作，楼印根还是残疾人权利的热情倡导者。他利用自己的平台挑战刻板印象，促进人们对残疾人生活的理解。9．答案与解析：toaccept此处考查固定表达encou

ragesb.todosth.，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。10．答案与解析：a空处修饰名词society,且名词前有形容词修饰。根据句意可知，此处表泛指，more的发音以辅音音素开头，所以空处填不定冠词a。句意：通过他的写作和演讲活动，他希望鼓励其他人接受他们的差异，并

努力为所有人创造一个更具包容性的社会。Ⅱ.阅读理解A2024·沈阳市质检应用文293词★★★☆☆I'mintheareaofNoaillesinMarseille,oneofFrance'slargestcitiesan

ditsmaintradeseaport.Somesmallshopssellvegetables,meat,and,itseems,allthespicesoftheMiddleEast.InadditiontoFrench,la

nguagesspokenonthebusystreetsincludeArabicandAfricanFrench.ItalladdsuptooneofthemostethnicallydiversecitiesinEurope.Closetothedowntownstreet,Idisco

veranAlgerianrestaurant,whoseownermakeshissignaturedish—couscouswithbarley,nottheusualwheat,usingarecipetha

thasn'tchangedsincethe1920s.CouscousisannecessarypartofMarseilleculture.ThedishwasaddedtotheUNESCO'sListsof

IntangibleCulturalHeritagein2020.Tobehonest,beforeItravelledhere,couscoushadnotbeenthefirstmealthatcametomindwhenIthoughto

fMarseille.Itwasbouillabaisse,therichsoupwitholiveoil,garlicandsaffron.Iimaginedenjoyingitatasmallportsidecafe.Thiswasclearly

aromanticfantasy.Foronething,therearenosmallcafesatthehistoriccity.Foranother,therestaurantsdoservebou

illabaisse,butwhenIseethepriceatoneplaceIamshocked:69euros!Nobowlofsoupshouldcostthatmuch.Igiveupandenduptwostreetsawayfrom

theoldharborinanewrestaurant,Ourea.For28euros,ChefMathieuRocheservesathree­courselunchthatincludestunasteaksand

couscous.Moreandmoreyoung,talentedpeoplearediscoveringthatMarseilleisanidealplacetolive.ThereisalsoagrowingnumberofParisiansmo

vinghereeveryyear.Tiredoftherushandexpenseoflifeinlargercities,thenewcomerscomelookingforthemorerelaxedMediterraneanwayoflife.Walki

ngthroughthesecontrastingneighborhoodsofMarseille,Ithinkaboutthedistinctcommunitiesherelivinginthesameneighborhoods—together,side

byside,butnotmixed.TheymayalsofeeltheybelongtoMarseillefirstregardlessofnationalities.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了法国城市马赛，并讲述了作者在那里旅行的经历。1．Whichwordcanbestdesc

ribeMarseilleaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A．Remote.B．Commercial.C．Industrial.D．Inland.答案与解析：B理解具体信息。明

题意：本题问“根据第一段，哪个词最能描述马赛？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“I'minthearea...spicesoftheMiddleEast”可知，马赛是法国最大的城市之一，也是其主要贸易地区，这里的一些商店出售蔬菜、肉类，似乎还有各种中东香

料→定答案：由此可知，马赛是商业化城市。2．WhatmadetheauthorleavetheAlgerianrestaurant?A．Theunreasonablecharge.B．Theunbearableflavor.C．Theunsatisfyingservice.D．T

henoisyatmosphere.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第三段中的“Foranother,the...shouldcostthatmuch”可知，这里的餐厅确实供应浓味鱼汤，但竟然卖到69欧元；一碗汤不应该

那么贵。据此可知，作者离开那家阿尔及利亚饭馆是因为店里的鱼汤太贵了，即收费不合理。3．WhydothenewcomerschooseMarseilleratherthanotherbigcities?A．Tomakeafortune.B．Toexperienceadish.C．To

learnalanguage.D．Tolivealeisurelylife.答案与解析：D理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“新来者为何选择马赛而不是其他大城市？”→寻线索：根据第五段中的“Tiredoftherush...wayoflife”可知，厌倦

了大城市生活的匆忙和高昂的生活成本，新来者来到马赛寻找更轻松的地中海生活方式→定答案：由此可知，新来者选择马赛是为了过一种轻松悠闲的生活。4．Inwhichcolumnofamagazinecanwepro

bablyreadthetext?A．Fashion.B．Food.C．Trade.D．Travel.答案与解析：D理解文章出处。通读全文可知，文章重点介绍了法国城市马赛及作者在那里旅行的经历。根据第五段中的“Moreandmoreyoung...movinghereeveryyear”可知，越来

越多有才华的年轻人发现马赛是一个理想的居住地，每年也有越来越多的巴黎人搬到这里，故本文也介绍了马赛的吸引人之处。综上可知，这篇文章可能出自杂志的旅游专栏。B2024·武汉市调研说明文346词★★★☆☆Haveyo

ueverseenoneofthemanyvideosofanelephantgrabbingapaintbrush,puttingitinpaint,andproducingapaintingsimilartosomethinga5­year­oldcouldcreate?Whil

ewatchinganelephantpaintisanamazingsight,wecan'thelpbutwonderwhetherthetrainingmethodsandresultsreflectanimalcruelty.A

2014studyonfourcaptive(被圈养的)AsianelephantsattheMelbourneZooinAustraliasoughttoidentifystress­relatedbehaviorsaroundtheac

tivityofpainting.Whiletheresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainting—notstressful,norenriching—itseemedthatwhenanelephantwasn

otselectedtopaint,itdisplayednon­interactivebehavior.Thisisseenasapossiblesignalofstressintheanimals.Inaddition,PETA,afamousanimalright

sgroup,hascitedseveralAmericanzoosthatuseharmfultrainingmethodstogetelephantstopaint,performtricks,playinstruments,andmore.Noteveryzoothatorganizesel

ephantpaintingusesaggression(攻击)toencouragetheelephants.However,PETAarguesthatanimalsheltersshouldnotforce

animalstodotricksatall.Activistorganizationswarnthatelephantscanundergoextremediscomfortinthetrainingprocess.F

urthermore,manyofthepaintingelephantsareveryyoung,atanagewheretheyshouldstillbewiththeirmothers.Itraisesquestionsaboutwhetherther

e'sachancethattheywerecaughtfortheexpresspurposeofperforming,oriftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild.I

tisdifficulttosupportanykindoftrainedbehaviorthatdiffersgreatlyfromawildanimal'snaturaltendencies.Theroleofashelter,ideally,istoallowananimal

toliveasclosetoitsnormallifeaspossible,perhapswithaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild;teachingthemtopaintdoesnotse

emtoalign__withthattarget,particularlyifit'snotalearnedbehaviorthattheanimalwouldbewillingtodoindependently.【语篇解读】文章从大象画画入手，谈论了训练动

物的方法和结果，实际上从另一方面反映了对动物的虐待。5．Whatcanbesafelyconcludedfromthe2014study?A.Researchersdidn'tcollectsolidevidence.B．Pa

intingpromotedelephants'interaction.C．Negativeeffectsofpaintingwereconfirmed.D．Elephantsmadestrongresponsestopainting.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“从2014

年的研究中可以得出什么可靠的结论？”→寻线索：根据第二段中的“A2014studyonfour...theresearchersfoundthattheelephantshadaneutralresponsetopainti

ng”可知，研究人员想发现与绘画活动有关的与压力相关的行为，但发现大象对绘画的反应是无倾向性的→定答案：由此可知，研究人员在2014年的研究中并没有得到可靠的证据来证明大象的绘画活动与压力相关的行为有关，故选A。文中的neu

tral是解题的关键，意为“无倾向性的，中立的”。6．Whatisaconcernofactivistorganizations?A．Complexityofthetrainingprocess.B．Pu

rposesofelephants'performance.C．Dailyactivitiesofcaptiveelephants.D．Potentialforelephants'returntonature.答案与解析：D理解具

体信息。根据第四段的内容，尤其是“iftheycouldsomehowberestoredtoareturntothewild”可知，积极分子组织关注的是大象回归自然的可能性，故选D。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“alig

nwith”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Wanderoff.B．Setup.C．Consistwith.D．Goagainst.答案与解析：C理解词汇。最后一段中的“Theroleofashelter...perhapswi

thaneyetoreturningtheanimaltothewild”指的是收容所的目标是让动物尽可能接近其正常生活或者也许是为了让动物回归野外，而教它们画画似乎与这个目标不一致，由此可知，画线词组意为“一致”，故选C。wanderoff“漫步”；se

tup“搭建”；consistwith“符合，与……一致”；goagainst“违背”。8．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HowPETAHelps?B．Why

PeopleRightAnimals?C．ShouldElephantsPaint?D．ShouldElephantsliveincaptivity?答案与解析：C理解文章主旨要义。文章第一段通过大象画画介绍了训练动物的方法和结果，从而引出对

动物的虐待这一话题，后文围绕这一话题展开讨论，故选项C最适合作文章标题。答题策略语法填空——非谓语动词非谓语动词所作成分doing作状语，表示伴随作定语作宾语补足语，用于with等复合结构作介词宾语done作状语，表示被动或完成作定语作宾语补足语，用于with等复合结构t

odo作状语，表示目的作定语非谓语动词之间区分步骤①找非谓语动词的逻辑主语；②判断主被动关系：表示主动关系用doing，todo；表示被动关系用done；③判断时间关系：非谓语动作发生在谓语动作之前用done;之后用t

odo;同时用doing。