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海淀区2023—2024学年第二学期期末练习高三英语2024.05本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;

每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Movementisourfirstlanguage;Ibelievewe’

reborntodance.I’vealwayshadaspeciallikingfordance,andmyjob.Igotgreat___1___workinginthetherapeutic(治疗的)world;itfeltmorelikeacalling.Ienjoy

edeverymoment;mypurposeandmission___2___me.MyhighlightsarewhenI’vewitnessedoncedullandhopelesseyeslightupwhenthepersonfeltseen,hear

d,andaccepted.Then,illhealthstruck.Asmyhealthdeclinedprogressively,IhadtostopdoingwhatIloved.___3___,allIhadwa

sbeingabletofacilitatetheoccasionalworkshopwhenopportunityandenergyaligned(一致).Chronicfatiguesyndrome(慢

性疲劳综合症)isamercilessbeast.In2020,theunimaginablehappened.Inadditiontosoul-destroyingfeelingofbeing___4___,Ibeganexp

eriencingfrequentvocalchallengesofvaryingdegrees.Icouldnolongeracceptfacilitationinvitationsbecausemy___5_

__wasnowunreliable.Igrieved,feelinglikeIwasbeingswallowedbyadamp,darkfog.Afteranextendedperiodofbeinginself-pity,I___6___myt

hinking.Ihaveinternalvalue.Myvalueoridentityisnot___7___bywhatIcanorcannotdo.Regardingmyhealthjourney,intime,I___8___this:it

iswhatitis.Forthisseason,thisismypath.So,Istarteddancingagain.Lifeisfullofsurprises,pleasant,unpleasant,andneutral,yetwha

tmattersishowwe___9___tothosesurprises.Despiteongoingvoicelossandhealthchallenges,Ifoundnewwaystomakeadifference.YouandImaynot

beabletochoosethe____10____lifeplaysforus;however,wedogettochoosehowwewilldancetoit.Maywedancewithstrength,cour

age,andgrace.1.A.fameB.surpriseC.pleasureD.inspiration2.A.fuelledB.attractedC.instructedD.calmed3.A.Simp

lyB.ParticularlyC.EventuallyD.Apparently4.A.tiredB.annoyedC.disappointedD.injured5.A.mindB.sightC.senseD.voice6.A.discoveredB.adjustedC.aband

onedD.controlled7.A.ignoredB.selectedC.definedD.assisted8.A.acceptedB.recalledC.questionedD.expected9.A.referB.appealC.turnD.re

spond10.A.roleB.musicC.jokeD.game【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.A9.D10.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是热爱舞蹈和治疗工作的作者的生活变迁和心路历程。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很高兴在治疗领域工作

；这更像是一种召唤。A.fame名声；B.surprise惊讶；C.pleasure快乐；D.inspiration灵感。根据下文“Ienjoyedeverymoment”可知，作者很高兴能在治疗领域里工作，空格处是“快乐”。故选C。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的目标和使命激励着我

。A.fuelled刺激；B.attracted吸引；C.instructed指示；D.calmed使平静。根据上文“itfeltmorelikeacalling”可知，作者觉得自己在治疗领域工作像是一种召唤，由此可见，作者

的目标和使命激励着作者。故选A。【3题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，我所能做的就是在机会和精力一致的时候，促成偶尔的研讨会。A.Simply仅仅，只；B.Particularly特别，尤其；C.Eventually最终；

D.Apparently显然。根据下文“allIhadwasbeingabletofacilitatetheoccasionalworkshopwhenopportunityandenergyaligned”可知，空后内容是作者最终得到的结果，因此

空格处是“最终”。故选C。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了疲惫的灵魂毁灭感之外，我开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战。A.tired累的；B.annoyed生气的；C.disappointed失望的；D.injured受伤的。根据上文“Chronicfatigu

esyndrome(慢性疲劳综合症)isamercilessbeast”可知，作者得了慢性疲劳综合症，所以会觉得累。故选A。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不能再接受邀请，因为我的声音现在不可靠了。A.mind头脑，大脑；B.sight视力，视觉；C.sense意义；D.voice嗓音

，说话声。根据上文“Ibeganexperiencingfrequentvocalchallengesofvaryingdegrees”可知，作者开始频繁地经历不同程度的声音挑战，所以声音不再可靠。故选D。【6题详解

】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在长时间的自怜之后，我调整了自己的想法。A.discovered发现；B.adjusted调整；C.abandoned抛弃；D.controlled控制。根据下文“Ihavein

ternalvalue”可知，作者在自怜之后开始调整自己的想法，认识到了自己有内部价值。故选B。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的价值或身份不是由我能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。A.ignored忽视；B.selected挑选；C.defined下定义；

D.assisted帮助。根据上文“Ihaveinternalvalue”和下文“bywhatIcanorcannotdo”可知，作者觉得自己有内部价值，作者的价值或身份不是由作者能做什么或不能做什么来定义的。故选C。【8题详解

】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于我的健康之旅，我最终接受了这个事实：它就是这样。A.accepted接受；B.recalled回想起；C.questioned质疑；D.expected期待。根据下文“itiswhatitis.Forthisseason,thisismypath”可知

，作者最终接受了“它就是这样”的这个现实。故选A。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。A.refer提到，谈及；B.appeal呼吁，恳求；C.turn转

动；D.respond回答。根据下文“Despiteongoingvoicelossandhealthchallenges,Ifoundnewwaystomakeadifference”可知，作者找到了有所影响的新方法，因此作者想说的是生活充满了惊喜，愉快的，不愉快的，平淡无奇的，但重

要的是我们如何应对这些惊喜。故选D。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐；然而，我们可以选择如何随它起舞。A.role角色；B.music音乐；C.joke玩笑；D.

game游戏。根据下文“however,wedogettochoosehowwewilldancetoit”可知，跳舞是和着音乐跳舞的，因此此处表示“你和我也许无法选择生活为我们弹奏的音乐”，因此空格处是“音乐”。故选B。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短

文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Nathen____11____(cycle)alongaremoteroadwhenhecameacrossanabandonedkitten.M

ovedbyhersadeyesandpitifulmeowing,NathendecidedtoadoptherandnamedherMilo.Together,theyexperiencedkindness,____12____(visit)charities,an

drescuedanimals,forminganunbreakablebond.Miloespeciallylikedgoingtotherailwaystationneartheirhomeduringrushhour,_

___13____commuting(通勤)waschallengingformostpeople.Often____14____(find)sittingonaticketgate,Milogreetedcommutersandbroughtsmilestoall

sheencountered,makingthespringmorningalittlebrighter.【答案】11.wascycling12.visited13.when14.found【解析】【导语】本文属

于记叙文，Nathen在偏远路上偶遇弃猫，出于怜悯将其收养并取名Milo。他们共同传递爱心、访问慈善机构、拯救动物，建立深厚情谊。Milo尤其喜欢在高峰期到家附近的车站为通勤者带去慰藉，用它的存在点亮人们的清晨。【11题详解】考查固定句型和时态。

句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型“was/weredoing...when...”，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语N

athen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填wascycling。【12题详解】考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit“参观”。本空用过去式

visited，与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接。故填visited。【13题详解】考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从

句，先行词是rushhour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Milo经常被发现坐在检票口，向上下班往返的人打招呼，并给她遇到的所有人带来微笑，使春天的早晨变得更加明亮。本句谓语为gre

eted，此处为非谓语动词，且Milo与find“发现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表示被动。故填found。B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Researchsuggestsac

onnectionbetweendeforestation,____15____(result)inpoorerairquality,andincreasedratesofdepressionandanxiety.Ithasbeenrevealedthatcountriesw

ithmoreforestedlandtendtosee____16____(few)casesofmentalhealthdisorders.Inthe1980s,“forestbathing”wasintroducedasatherapeuticpracticecentere

daroundtreestoenhancethepsychologicalbenefitsofoutdoorexperiences.Uptillnow,thispractice____17____(use)fortreatingpat

ients.【答案】15.resulting16.fewer17.hasbeenused【解析】【导语】本文的体裁为说明文。文章解释了森林砍伐与空气质量、心理健康之间的联系，并介绍了一种基于此的治疗方法（森林浴）。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究

指出，森林砍伐导致空气质量变差，并且抑郁症和焦虑症的发病率上升。本句谓语为suggests，此处为非谓语动词，本空用result“导致”的现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填resulting。【16题详解】考查形容词比

较级。句意：据透露，森林覆盖率较高的国家，精神健康障碍的案例较少。结合句意和moreforestedland可知，本空用few的比较级fewer“更少的”，修饰名词cases“案例”，作定语。故填fewer。【17题详解】考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：到目前

为止，这种实践已经被用于治疗病人。根据Uptillnow可知，use“使用”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，且thispractice与use为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填hasbeenused。C阅读

下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Manyofouractionsareinitiatedbyemotion.Challengingsituationswillariseinourlivesand____

18____wehandlethesesituationsisamarkofhowmatureandindependentweare.Keepingouremotions____19____dominatingourlivesisessentialbecausestable

emotionbringsasenseofcontentmentandcalm.Luckily,therearemany____20____(help)techniquestocontrolouremotions,suchasmeditation,yoga,andbre

athingexercises.【答案】18.how19.from20.helpful【解析】【导语】本文的体裁为说明文。作者介绍了控制情绪的重要性以及几种实用的方法。【18题详解】考查连词。句意：在我们的生活中会出现挑战性的情况，我们如何处理这些情况标

志着我们的成熟和独立程度。本空用连接词how“如何”，引导主语语从句，表示方式，说明处理问题的方式。故填how。【19题详解】考查固定短语。句意：控制情绪不被其主宰我们的生活至关重要，因为稳定的情绪能带来满足感和

平静。本空填介词from，keep...from...“阻止……做……，使……免于……”为固定短语。故填from。【20题详解】考查形容词。句意：幸运的是，有许多有用的技巧来控制我们的情绪，比如冥想、瑜伽和呼吸练习。本空用形容词helpful“有帮助的”，修饰名词t

echniques，作定语。故填helpful。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AUNFAOWorldFoodDayPosterConte

stapplicationsarenowbeingaccepted.Trytopictureafuturewhereeveryonehasaccesstofoodandwater.Whatcomestomind?Youmayhelpcrea

teasustainablefuturebytakingappropriateaction.CreateapostershowingyourwateractionforfoodaspartoftheWorld

FoodDayPosterContesttoshowcaseyourartistictalent.FoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)TheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUn

itedNationsisaspecializedagencythatleadsinternationaleffortstoendhunger,promotenutrition,andensurefoodsecurity.ProcedureandBenefitsFillouttheformonou

rwebsite,takeapictureoforscanyoursubmission,andsubmititonline.Thescreeningcommitteewillchoose15postersfromeachcategoryforthefirstround(a

totalof60postersfrom4agecategories),andthosechosenwillbenotifiedinDecember2024.Acertificateforthisaccomplishmentwillbegiventotheshortlis

tedindividuals.WinnerswillbehighlightedontheFAOsocialmediachannelsandbyregionalFAOoffices.Ourjudgeswillchoosethre

ewinnersineachagegroup,andtheywillberevealedinDecember.Thewinnerswillalsogetadiplomaandasurprisegiftpackage,aswellaspromotionfromFAOofficest

hroughouttheworld.EntryRequirements●TheentryperiodwillopenonJune1,2024,andendonNovember3,2024.●Perindividual,onlyoneen

trymaybesubmitted.●Posterentriesmaybepainted,sketched,ordrawnusingoilorwatercolorpaintaswellasmixedmedia,pens,pencils,crayons,

orcharcoal.Artworkproduceddigitallyisalsoacceptable.Nophotosarepermitted.●Textmayormaynotbeincludedinposterentries.Useoftextislimitedton

omorethan25words.●Nevermentionprivateinformationsuchasnames,schools,ages,etc.●Pleasedonotsendinphysicalpost

ers;onlydigitalfilessavedasJPEGswillbeallowed.21.Bytakingpartinthecontest,participantscan________.A.showtheircookingtalentB

.contributetofoodsustainabilityC.raisetheirnutritionalawarenessD.havemoreaccesstofoodandwater22.Thefinalwinnersofthecontestw

illbe________.A.bepromotedgloballyB.informedbeforeDecemberC.invitedtoregionalFAOofficesD.decidedbyFAOafterthreerounds23.Whichofthefollo

wingpostersmeetstheentryrequirements?A.B.C.D.【答案】21.B22.A23.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了联合国粮食及农业组织的世界粮食日海报竞赛的相

关信息，包括竞赛目的、组织背景、参赛程序和好处，以及参赛要求等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Youmayhelpcreateasustainablefuturebytakingappropriateaction.(你可以通过采取适当的行动来帮助创造一个可持续发展的

未来。)”可知，通过参加比赛，参与者可以为食物的可持续性做出贡献。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ProcedureandBenefits部分的“Thewinnerswillalsogetadiplomaanda

surprisegiftpackage,aswellaspromotionfromFAOofficesthroughouttheworld.(获奖者还将获得文凭和惊喜礼品包，以及粮农组织在世界各地办事处的推广机会。)”

可知，比赛的最终获胜者将在全球推广。故选A。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据EntryRequirements部分的“Nevermentionprivateinformationsuchasnames,schools,ages,et

c.(不要提及个人信息，如姓名、学校、年龄等。)”可知，B选项不符合要求；根据EntryRequirements部分的“Useoftextislimitedtonomorethan25words.(文本的使用限制在不超过25个单词。)”可知，C选项不符合要求；根据EntryReq

uirements部分的“Nophotosarepermitted.(不允许拍照。)”可知，D选项不符合要求。故选A。BWhenIwasnamedCEOofaglobalcompanyin2006,Iwasdeterminedtorunthecompanysothatitw

ouldbothdelivergoodshort-termperformanceandthriveinthelongterm,yearsafterIwasgone.Itwasalreadyingoodshape,butIdreamedofcreati

ngadefiningcorporationofthe21stcentury,proudofitsroot,yetglobalandresponsibleintheshiftingtimes.FormonthsIquietly

readallIcouldaboutthebigsocialtrendsinfluencingbusiness.Iwalkedthemarket,andexaminedemployees’feedback.Ialsodugdeepintotheoblig

ationsofpubliccorporations.Fromallofthisemergedavisionforthecompanythatguidedusforthenextdozenyearsorso.Icalledit“PerformancewithPurpose”.The

goalwastodelivergreatfinancialreturns,aswealwayshad,withthreeadditionalclearobjects:tonourishhumanityandtheco

mmunities,toprotectourenvironmentandtocherishourpeople.Mymotivationwaswhollyto“futureproof”,orde-risk.Anditworked

.Inmy12yearsasCEO,totalshareholderreturnwas149%,andnetprofitjumped80%.Wecutthesalt,fat,andsugarinsodaandchips,addedmorehealth

fulbrandsandproducts,andloweredtheamountofwaterneeded.Wekeptinnovationgoingandourdesignstudioswonmanyawards.Ourtalentacademywassobrilliantthat

nineseniormanagerslefttotakeCEOjobselsewhere.Ibelievethatleadersmustthinkfromthefutureback,evenwhenthingsaregoingfine.Andwenowhaveaframeworktohelp:th

eevolvingtemplates(模板)forenvironmental,social,andgovernancemetrics(ESG衡量标准)that,inessence,servetode-ri

skcompaniesandmarkets.Thesecriteriaforcediscussionofhardtruthsforanyonewiththeambitiontostayrelevantinthel

ongterm.Ifthemetricsarecarefullyselected,ESGisnotcontrarytoinvestors’interests.Importantly,de-riskingthecompanyactuallycreatesshareholderv

alue.,“PerformancewithPurpose”presentedtoughmomentsforme,includingwhenoneinvestorquestioned,“Whodoyouthinkyouare?Aphilanthropist(慈善家)?”Buts

kepticismfadedwhenacollectivemissiontookholdthatincludedboththebottomlineandmuchbeyond.Thiswasmyhopefromthestart.24.T

heauthor’snewvisionforthecompanycamefrom_________.A.itsuniqueculturalrootB.herthoroughresearchC.customers’fundamentalneedsD.sharehold

ers’strongrequirements25.Accordingto“PerformancewithPurpose”,anidealcompanyshould_________.A.shiftitsstrategiesproperlyB.valueemployees’feedback

C.shouldersocialresponsibilityD.prioritizefinancialreturns26.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Therisksacompa

nymayface.B.Theauthor’sambitiontocreatevalue.C.Theinterestsinvestorsseekafter.D.Theauthor’srecipeforsuccessfulbusiness.27.As

CEO,theauthorcanbebestdescribedas_________.A.inspiringandwarm-heartedB.determinedandfar-sightedC.ambitiousandgenerou

sD.modestandstrategic【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.B【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文，作者于2006年成为一家全球公司的CEO时，决心让公司在短期内取得佳绩，并在作者离开后依然长期繁荣。作者提出“绩效与目的”

的愿景，旨在实现财务成功的同时，关注社会责任、环境保护和员工发展。【24题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Formonths,IquietlyreadallIcouldaboutthebigsocialtrendsinfluencingbusin

ess.Iwalkedthemarket,andexaminedemployees’feedback.Ialsodugdeepintotheobligationsofpubliccorporations.Fromalloft

hisemergedavisionforthecompanythatguidedusforthenextdozenyearsorso.Icalledit“PerformancewithPurpose”.Thego

alwastodelivergreatfinancialreturns,aswealwayshad,withthreeadditionalclearobjects:tonourishhumanityandthecommunities,toprote

ctourenvironmentandtocherishourpeople.(几个月来，我静静地阅读了所有影响商业的重大社会趋势。我在市场里走了一圈，查看了员工的反馈。我还深入研究了公共企业的义务。从这一切中，我们看到了公司未来十几年的发展方向。我称之为“有目的的表现”。我

们的目标是提供巨大的经济回报，就像我们一直做的那样，同时还有三个明确的目标：滋养人类和社区，保护我们的环境，珍惜我们的人民。)”可知，作者进行了大量的研究工作，包括阅读有关影响商业的重大社会趋势的资料、考察市场以及深入研究公共公司的义务，基于这些研究形成了新的公

司愿景。故选B项。【25题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Icalledit“PerformancewithPurpose”.Thegoalwastodelivergreatfinancialreturns,aswealwa

yshad,withthreeadditionalclearobjects:tonourishhumanityandthecommunities,toprotectourenvironmentandtocherishourpeople.(我称之为“有目的的表现”。我们的目标是提供巨

大的经济回报，就像我们一直做的那样，同时还有三个明确的目标：滋养人类和社区，保护我们的环境，珍惜我们的人民。)”可知，一个理想的公司应该承担社会责任。故选C项。【26题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Ibelievethatlead

ersmustthinkfromthefutureback,evenwhenthingsaregoingfine.Andwenowhaveaframeworktohelp:theevolvingtemplates(模板)forenvironmental,socia

l,andgovernancemetrics(ESG衡量标准)that,inessence,servetode-riskcompaniesandmarkets.Thesecriteriaforcediscussionofhardtruthsforanyonewiththeambiti

ontostayrelevantinthelongterm.Ifthemetricsarecarefullyselected,ESGisnotcontrarytoinvestors’interests.Importantly,de-riskingthecompan

yactuallycreatesshareholdervalue.(我认为，领导者必须从未来的角度考虑问题，即使事情进展顺利。我们现在有了一个可以提供帮助的框架：不断发展的环境、社会和治理指标模板（ESG衡量标准），从本质

上讲，这些模板有助于企业和市场降低风险。这些标准迫使任何有志于长期保持相关性的人讨论残酷的事实。如果这些指标经过精心挑选，ESG并不会违背投资者的利益。重要的是，降低公司风险实际上创造了股东价值。)”可知，第四段主要讲述了作

者如何通过ESG衡量标准来为公司“去风险”，这是作者成功经商的秘诀。故选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“WhenIwasnamedCEOofaglobalcompanyin2006,Iwasdeterminedtoru

nthecompanysothatitwouldbothdelivergoodshort-termperformanceandthriveinthelongterm,yearsafterIwasgone.Itwasalreadyingoodshape,butIdream

edofcreatingadefiningcorporationofthe21stcentury,proudofitsroot,yetglobalandresponsibleintheshiftingtimes.(2006年，当我被任命为一家跨国公司的首席执行官时，我决心管理这家公司，让它在我离开

多年后，既能提供良好的短期业绩，又能保持长期繁荣。它已经处于良好的状态，但我梦想着创建一个21世纪的标志性公司，为自己的根源感到自豪，同时在不断变化的时代具有全球性和责任感。)”可知，作者作为CEO，不仅决心要让公司在短期内表现良好，还致力于长期发展，提出

了前瞻性的“PerformancewithPurpose”愿景，并成功实施，使公司在经济、社会和环境等多方面取得显著成效。这表明作者既坚定又具有远见卓识。故选B项。CTheideathatagingreducesadults’abilityt

oimagine,acommonthemeinchildren’sliterature,iscontradictedbypsychologicalresearch.Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindic

atesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsometimessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.Childrenarefrequentlycelebratedforboundles

simagination.Yet,researchrevealsthattheirmake-believegamesoftencenteraroundrealisticscenarios,suchascookingan

dcleaning,asdemonstratedina2020studypublishedinJournalofCognitionandDevelopment.Anotherstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenot

naturallymoreimaginativethanadults;theirlimitationsresultfromalackofknowledgeandexpertisetoeffectivelyusetheirima

ginativecapacityasadults.Imaginationmayhaveevolvedforconsideringalternativestoreality,butweuseitmostnatur

allytoexploreclosealternatives,likepreparingadifferentmeal,ratherthanfaralternatives,likeridingonclouds.Whenweus

eimaginationtoenvisionfaralternatives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldes

ignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsideringalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisti

callyprobable,sociallyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregulariti

es,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasaboutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen

.Thismindsetisalsoparticularlyapparentinyoungchildren.Ina2018studyIco-designedwithpsychologistJonathanPhillips,4-year-oldswereaskedtohe

lpadistressedgirlwhodislikedgoingtoschoolduetomissinghermother.Amongallthesolutionsgiven,theyperceivedtheonlypossiblesolutionwasforhermothertodos

omethingspecialafterschooltoeaseherconcerns.Unexpectedalternatives,suchassnappingfingersandmakingitSaturday,wearingpajamastoschoolorlyinga

boutschoolbeingclosed,wereallregardedimpossible.Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直觉力)aboutpossibilityconfusewha

tcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.Historically,theimprobableeventoftravelingfasterthanahorsewasconsideredimpossible,aswastravelingbyairortravel

ingintospace.Beforethearrivaloftrainsandplanes,thereweregoodreasonstothinkthatpeoplecouldtravelonlysofarand

onlysofast.Butthesereasonswereempirical(经验主义的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobablewiththeim

possible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparatethetwo.Whileimaginationinchildrenoftens

ubjectstoexpectation,adultscancontroltheirimaginativecapacityforinnovationbyintegratingitwithaccumulatedknowledgeandreflectivethinking.

28.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,weknowthat_________.A.childrendevelopimaginationthroughgamesB.childrenfacelimitationsi

nacquiringknowledgeC.adultsareasgoodaschildreninimaginativethinkingD.adults’imaginativeabilityislikelytostayconsta

ntwithage29.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_________.A.expectationresultsfromimaginativecapacityB.certainpractical

concernscanlimitimaginationC.breakingregularitiesmayleadtoclosealternativesD.faralternativesaremoreimportantthanclosealternat

ives30.The2018studyshowsthatchildren_________.A.cameupwithawiderangeofalternativesB.werequickertofigureoutsolutionsC.t

ookwhatshouldhappenaspossibilitiesD.usedimaginationinareasonableway31.Theunderlinedword“lumps”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans_________.A.mixB.ma

tchC.compareD.replace【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇短文主要指出心理学研究反驳了老年人想象力下降的观点，实际上成年人在某些方面可能比儿童更有想象力。研究表明，儿童的想象游戏通常围绕现实场景，并非天生比成人更

具想象力，而是受限于知识和经验。人们倾向于用想象力探索与现实相近的可能性，而非遥远的不切实际的事物。研究还显示，儿童对可能性的理解容易与期望混淆。最后，文章强调成人可以通过结合知识和反思来控制想象力，从

而进行创新。【28题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中“Whilechildrenareoftenportrayedasmoreimaginative,researchindicatesthatadultsnotonlykeepthisabilitybutsomet

imessurpasschildreninimaginativethinking.(虽然儿童通常被描绘成更有想象力，但研究表明，成年人不仅保持了这种能力，而且有时在想象力思维方面超过了儿童)”和第二段中“Anot

herstudy,lastingforfourdecades,alsosuggeststhatchildrenarenotnaturallymoreimaginativethanadults(另一项持续四十年的研究也表明，儿童天生并不比成年人更有想象力)”可知，儿童天生并不比成年人更有想象

力，人成年后也更有想象力，成年人不仅保持了这种能力，而且有时在想象力思维方面超过了儿童，可得出成年人的想象力可能会随着年龄的增长而保持不变。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中“Whenweuseimaginationtoenvisionfaralter

natives—toinnovateorinvent—we’renotdiggingintoaninbornappreciationoftheextraordinary;we’reusingatooldesignedtoexploretheordinary.Whenconsider

ingalternativestoreality,wefixourattentiononpossibilitiesthatarephysicallyreasonable,statisticallyprobable,socia

llyconventionalandmorallypermissible.Whentoldaboutpossibilitiesthatviolatesuchregularities,weusuallydenytheycouldhappen.Generallyspeaking,ourideasa

boutwhatcouldhappenarefirmlyrootedinwhatweexpecttohappen.(当我们用想象力来设想创新或发明的遥远替代方案时，我们并不是在挖掘与生俱来的非凡鉴赏力；我们正在使用一种旨

在探索普通事物的工具。在考虑现实的替代方案时，我们将注意力集中在物理上合理、统计上可能、社会传统和道德上允许的可能性上。当被告知违反这种规律的可能性时，我们通常否认它们可能发生。一般来说，我们对可能发生的事情的想法深深植根于

我们所期望的事情)”可得出，某些实际问题会限制想象力。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中“Fromthis,wecanconcludethatchildren’searliestintuitions(直觉力)aboutpossibilityconfusewh

atcouldhappenwithwhatshouldhappen.(由此，我们可以得出结论，孩子们最早对可能性的直觉混淆了可能发生的事情和应该发生的事情)”可知，2018年的研究表明，儿童把应该发生的事情视为可能。故选C项。【31

题详解】词句猜测题。由最后一段中“Butthesereasonswereempirical(经验主义的),notlogical.Imagination,onitsown,lumpstheimprobable

withtheimpossible,butwecancombineimaginationwithotherabilities—namely,knowledgeandreflection—toseparat

ethetwo.(但这些原因都是经验的，而非逻辑的。想象力本身就lumps不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现），但我们可以把想象力与其他能力——即知识和反思——结合起来，把两者分开)”可知，but后讲人们可以通过将想象力与

其他能力，即知识和反思相结合，将不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现）分开，说明想象力本身会将不大可能（还有机会实现）和大不可能（绝无可能实现）混为一谈，划线词lumps意为“混合”。故选A项。DWeareasocialanimal.Indeed,iti

soursociality—suchastheabilitytomakesenseofeachother,tocommunicate,toworkcooperativelyand,finally,tocreateculture—thatmarksusofffromotheranimalspecie

s.Butthenwhyareweeverywherestrivingtoincreaseourisolationandlimitourcontactwithothers?AsmusicianDavi

dByrnearguesinanessaypublishedlastmonth,itisastrikingfactaboutthenewtechnologiesthathavesocometoshapeourlives,thattheyhavepreciselythiseffec

t:theylimitourneedforhumancontact.Onlineshopping?Check.Automatedcheckout?Check.Ridehailapps?Check.Efficiencyisthekey.Wepurchaseefficiencybylimitingt

hehumanaspect,knownas“autonomousoperation”.Thisisperhapsevenmorepronouncedwithnewtechnologiesonthehorizon.TaketheMOOC,theteache

r-lessvirtualclassroom.AsByrnenotes,thisismeanttodeliverthevaluesofalearningenvironmentwithout,well,withouttheenvi

ronment—yougettostayathome—noteacher,butalso,nofellowstudents.Byrneisn’tclaimingweareconsciouslychoosingtoisolateoursel

ves.Weshoponlinebecauseitisconvenient.Theabsenceofcontactwithothersisaside-effect.Maybeevenanunavoidableone,asoneofthethingsthatm

akesonlineshoppingsoeasyispreciselytheabsenceofcontactwithotherpeople.ButBryne’sthoughtisthatwhateverourintention,thetendencyo

fourtechtoisolateusmaybeafeature,notabug.Hishypothesisisthatweactually,atsomelevel,crave(渴望)theincreasedisolationandweareactuallym

akingtechnologiestosatisfyimpulsesthat,insomeway,gobeyondoragainstoursocialnature.ButIwonder,isthisreallynew?Evenif

wearesocialbynature,anddoeverythingwecantoembedourselvessocially,theneedtofindwaystobealoneis,well,nothingnew.It’salsostrikingthattheveryacti

vitiesthatriskseparatingus—intheolddays,books,newspapers,TV;nowadays,thelatestappsalsoconnectus.Wereadabouteachothe

r.Whatwereadgivesusinformationtosharewitheachother.Iamwellawareofthedatathatshowsthemoretimeyouspendonsocialmedia,thesa

dderandmoreisolatedandenviousyoufeelofothers.Buthownovelistheisolatingeffectofsocialmedia?Beingthereremindsmealotofwhatitwasliketobeso

cialinhighschool—youhaveavividsenseofyourstatusandyourstandinginrelationtoothers,andyouhavetodealwiththat.Thismaybeisolating,s

ure.Butit’stheisolatingfaceofthesocialliveswe’vealwayshad.Itisisolatingbecauseofthewaystechnologybringsu

sintorealcontactwithothers,notbecauseitremovesthatcontact.Iwonderwhethermoreisolationisarealoption,afterall.32.Whichofthefollowingbestreflects

“autonomousoperation”?AGettingatoothbrushviaahoteldeliveryrobot.B.Teachingmomhowtoestablishasmarthome.C.Seekinghelpbycallinghumancustomerservices.D.

Havinganonlinemeetingathomewithcolleagues.33.Whichofthefollowingmighttheauthoragree?A.Technologyoffersfreshinsightsintoour

socialstatus.BActionsseeminglyisolatingcanbondpeople.C.Socialplatformshelpbringpeoplecloser.D.Socialmediahascometodefineo

urlife.34.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WhatTechnologiesDotoHumanNatureB.DoTechnologiesShape

OurLives?..C.HowIsolationChangeswithConnectionD.CanWeEraseHumanElement?【答案】32.A33.B34.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。

文章讨论了在线购物和社交媒体如何可能无意中导致人们感到孤独，但同时强调这些活动也提供了与他人建立联系的机会，反映了现代社会中人们在追求便利与社交之间的平衡。32题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段中“Efficiencyisthekey.Wepurchaseefficiencybylimitingth

ehumanaspect,knownas“autonomousoperation”.Thisisperhapsevenmorepronouncedwithnewtechnologiesonthehorizon.TaketheMOOC,theteacher-les

svirtualclassroom.AsByrnenotes,thisismeanttodeliverthevaluesofalearningenvironmentwithout,well,withouttheenvironment—yougettostayathome—noteach

er,butalso,nofellowstudents.(效率是关键。我们通过限制人的方面来获得效率，被称为“自主操作”。随着新技术的出现，这一点可能更加明显。以MOOC为例，即没有教师的虚拟课堂。正如伯恩所指出的，这意味着在没有环境的情况下，传

递学习环境的价值——你可以呆在家里——没有老师，也没有同学)”可知，通过限制人为因素（即自主操作）来提高效率。由此推知，通过酒店送货机器人获取牙刷正好符合“自主操作”的定义，因为这一过程中没有人为的参与，完全由机器人自主

完成。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。由文章第六段中“Evenifwearesocialbynature,anddoeverythingwecantoembedourselvessocially,theneedtofindwaystobealoneis

,well,nothingnew.It’salsostrikingthattheveryactivitiesthatriskseparatingus—intheolddays,books,newspapers,TV;nowadays,t

helatestapps—alsoconnectus.Wereadabouteachother.Whatwereadgivesusinformationtosharewitheachother.(即使我们天生具有社交性，并尽我们所能融入社会，寻找独处方式的需求也不是

什么新鲜事。同样令人吃惊的是，那些有可能把我们分开的活动——在过去，书籍、报纸、电视；如今，最新的应用程序也连接着我们。我们互相了解对方。我们所读的东西给我们提供信息，让我们彼此分享)”可推知，作者认为看似孤

立的行为实际上可以让人们产生联系。故选B。【34题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段“Butthenwhyareweeverywherestrivingtoincreaseourisolationandlimit

ourcontactwithothers?AsmusicianDavidByrnearguesinanessaypublishedlastmonth,itisastrikingfactaboutthenewtechnologiesthathavesocometosha

peourlives,thattheyhavepreciselythiseffect:theylimitourneedforhumancontact.Onlineshopping?Check.Automate

dcheckout?Check.Ridehailapps?Check.(但是，为什么我们到处都在努力增加我们的孤立，限制我们与他人的接触呢？正如音乐家DavidByrn在上月发表的一篇文章中所指出的那样，新技术如此塑造了我们

的生活，一个令人震惊的事实是，它【们恰恰具有这样的效果：它们限制了我们对人际交往的需求。)”可知，文章主语讨论了在线购物和社交媒体如何可能无意中导致人们感到孤独，但同时强调这些活动也提供了与他人建立联系的机会，反映了现代社会中人们在追求便利与社交之间的平衡。由此可

知，D项“CanWeEraseHumanElement?(我们能抹去人类元素吗？)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选

项。Beingsensitivemeansthatyouareobservant,careful,andthoughtful.Itcanalsomeanyousometimesoverinterpretorove

rreacttoperceivedcriticismorjudgment.Ifyoutendtobeahighlysensitiveperson,youaremorelikelytomisreadsignalsfromothers,sensesocialthreats,andstrugg

letoadapttonewcircumstances.____35____Thepowerofinsensitivitycanbeinterpretedas“sluggish(迟钝的)power”.____36____Forexample,thoseworkingoncompl

exresearchprojectswith“sluggishpower”persistwithfocusanddeterminationinthefaceofchallengessuchastightdeadlinesand

limitedresources.Theirresiliencefacilitateseffectiveproblem-solving,ensuringthesuccessfulcompletionoftasksdespiteobstacles.____37____Thatisoneofth

eimportantreasonswhyinsensitivityallowsapersontobettersurviveandadaptinacompetitiveenvironment.Knowingo

neselfisdifficult,butknowingoneselfcorrectlyisundoubtedlyanexcellentability—atraitsharedbymanysuccessfulpeopl

e,whoallclearlyknowwheretheirstrengthsare,whattheycando,whattheywant,andwhatdirectiontogo.Practicinginsensitivityinvolvesseveral

keystrategies.Firstly,beassertive.Expressourneedsandopinionspositivelyandwithconfidence.Secondly,adoptafo

rward-lookingmindset.____38____Additionally,detachfromexternalinfluences.Avoidexcessiveconcernoverothers’opinio

nsandspeculationonothers’thoughts.Lastly,managerelationships.Recognizeourpersonalresponsibilitieswhil

erespectingothers’boundaries.Don’tinterferewithotherpeople’ssubjectsanddon’tletothersinterferewithourseither.____39____Onceyoube

comeabit“blunt”andslowdownthepace,youwillfeelmorecomfortable.A.Learntoviewtheproblemastwoparts.B.That’swheretheneed

tobeinsensitivecomesfrom.C.Ihopeeveryonecanobtaintheabilitytobeinsensitive.D.Behindinsensitivityisast

rongsenseofself-awareness.E.Beingahighlysensitivepersoncancomewithmanychallenges.F.Itimpliestheabilitytocalmlyfaceth

esetbacksandfirmlymoveforward.G.Focusonlong-termgoalsratherthantheupsanddownsoflifeatthemoment.【答案】35.B36.F37.D38.G

39.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章首先解释了敏感性的定义和可能带来的问题，然后转向讨论不敏感性的力量，并给出了实践不敏感性的策略。【35题详解】由上文“Beingsensitivemeansthatyouareobservant,careful,andthoughtful.Itca

nalsomeanyousometimesoverinterpretoroverreacttoperceivedcriticismorjudgment.Ifyoutendtobeahighlysensiti

veperson,youaremorelikelytomisreadsignalsfromothers,sensesocialthreats,andstruggletoadapttonewcircumstanc

es.(敏感意味着你善于观察、细心和深思熟虑。这也可能意味着你有时会过度解释或过度反应感知到的批评或判断。如果你是一个高度敏感的人，你更有可能误读他人的信号，感觉到社会威胁，并努力适应新环境)”可知，

这里需要一个总结如何应对高度敏感的句子。B选项“That’swheretheneedtobeinsensitivecomesfrom.(这就是麻木不仁的必要性的来源)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。【36题详解】由上文“Thepowerofinsensitivitycanbeinterpreted

as“sluggish(迟钝的)power”.(不敏感的力量可以解释为“迟钝的力量”)”可知，上文提到了“迟钝的力量”，接下来应该解释这种力量具体意味着什么。F选项“Itimpliestheabilitytocalmlyfacethese

tbacksandfirmlymoveforward.(它意味着冷静面对挫折并坚定前行的能力)”恰当地解释了“迟钝力量”的正面含义，即在逆境中的韧性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。【37题详解】由下文“Thatisoneoftheimportantreasonswhyin

sensitivityallowsapersontobettersurviveandadaptinacompetitiveenvironment.Knowingoneselfisdifficult,butknowingoneselfcorrec

tlyisundoubtedlyanexcellentability—atraitsharedbymanysuccessfulpeople,whoallclearlyknowwheretheirstrengthsare,whattheycando,wh

attheywant,andwhatdirectiontogo.(这就是为什么不敏感能让一个人更好地在竞争环境中生存和适应的重要原因之一。认识自己是困难的，但正确地认识自己无疑是一种优秀的能力——这是许多成功人士

共有的特点，他们都清楚地知道自己的长处在哪里，自己能做什么，自己想要什么，以及要走的方向)”可知，后文提及自我认知能力及成功人士的特点，此处应引出不敏感与自我意识之间的联系。D选项“Behindinsensitivityisastrongsenseofself-awa

reness.(在不敏感的背后是一种强烈的自我意识)”指出不敏感实际上是基于对自我的深刻了解，能引起下文，符合题意。故选D。【38题详解】由上文“Practicinginsensitivityinvolvesseveralkeystrategies.Firstly,beassert

ive.Expressourneedsandopinionspositivelyandwithconfidence.Secondly,adoptaforward-lookingmindset.(练习不敏感包括几个关键的策

略。首先，要自信。积极自信地表达我们的需求和意见。第二，树立前瞻性思维)”可知，该空需要接续前文关于前瞻性思维策略的内容。G选项“Focusonlong-termgoalsratherthantheupsanddownsoflifeatthemoment.(关

注长期目标，而不是当下生活的起伏)”正好强调了如何实践前瞻性思维，即忽视短期波动，专注于长远规划，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。【39题详解】由下文“Onceyoubecomeabit“blunt”andslowdownthepace

,youwillfeelmorecomfortable(一旦你变得有点“生硬”，放慢节奏，你就会感觉更舒服)”可知，最后一段鼓励读者采纳不敏感的态度，并概述了这样做的好处。C选项“Ihopeeveryonecanobtaintheabi

litytobeinsensitive.(我希望每个人都能获得不敏感的能力)”作为总结性质的句子，鼓励大家学会不敏感，适合放在最后一段段首作为寄语，且能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;

第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。HowGratitudeMakesYouHappierChoosingtobethankfulmaywellbea

neasyandaccessiblewaytoboostyourhappiness.Weusuallythinkofhappinessasasubjectivesenseofwell-being,afeelingof

joyandsatisfaction.Butmorethanjustanemotionorfleeting(短暂的)feeling,happinessalsoincludesadeepsenseofmea

ning,worthandpurposeinlife.Gratitudesupportshappinessinwaysrelatedtoallofthese.Researchhasshowngratitud

ehasfar-reachingeffectsonourphysicalhealth.Whenpeoplearethankful,they’remorelikelytoexercise,eatbetter,andtakecareoftheirheal

th.Muchevidencepointstolowerstress,reducedpainandimprovedimmunesystemsasaresultofbeingthankful.Evenbetterbloodpr

essureandpositiveeffectsonthehearthavebeenlinkedtogratitude.Gratitudehasastrongpositiveimpactonmentalheal

thaswell.Itincreasesself-esteem,enhancespositiveemotionsandmakesusmoreoptimisticsinceexperiencinggratitudeactivatesne

urotransmitterslikedopamine,whichweassociatewithpleasure,andserotonin,whichregulatesourmood.Italsopromotesfeelingsliketrustandgenerosity,whi

chareinducedbyoxytocin,ahormonereleasedbythebrain.Justlikeamuscle,thankfulnessissomethingweneedtoexercisemoreoften.OnewayistolearnfromtheSca

ndinavians,who,theUN’sWorldHappinessReportsuggests,arethehappiestpeopleintheworld.It’sworthpausingtothinkaboutwhy.Scandinavia

nsthemselvesaredeterminingtheirlevelsofhappiness.Theyareappreciativeofafunctioningsocietywheretheyhaveeconomicsecurityandwheresocialinstitu

tionssupporteveryone.Yet,thereissomethingelse.Theyvalue“moderation”,ajustenough-ness.Theydon’tchasehappinessorworkove

rtimeformonthsatatime.Theyremaingratefulforahealthywork-lifebalance.Asaresultofthissatisfactionandcontentment,theyfeeltheirliveshavevalue.So,takesom

etimetobethankful.Itcanimpactyourhappinessandenhancemanyaspectsofyourlife.40.Whatdoeshappinessincludebesideswhatweusuallythink?__________________

_____________________________________41.Onwhatdoesgratitudehaveapositiveinfluence?_______________________________________________________42

.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformonthsata

timebecausetheyfeeltheirliveshavevalue._______________________________________________________43.Howcanyouexercisebeinggrateful?(Inabout40words)_

______________________________________________________【答案】40.Itincludesadeepsenseofmeaning,worthandpurposei

nlife.41.(Both)physical(health)andmentalhealth.42.Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformonthsatatimebecausetheyfeelthe

irliveshavevalue.Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformonthsatatimebecausetheyvalue“moderation”,ajustenoughness.43.Onewaytopracticegratitudei

stokeepadailygratitudejournalandwritedownthreethingsyouaregratefulforeachday.Anotherpracticeistooftenreflectonthepositivefactorsinyourlifeandcultiva

teanattitudeofgratitude,whichcanalsocultivategratitude.【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲解了感恩如何使人更快乐，内容涉及感恩对身心健康的具体益处，

并引用了研究结果作为支持，还举了斯堪的纳维亚人幸福感的例子来阐述观点，最后提出建议。【40题详解】考查细节理解。由文章第一段中的“Weusuallythinkofhappinessasasubjectivese

nseofwell-being,afeelingofjoyandsatisfaction.Butmorethanjustanemotionorfleeting(短暂的)feeling,happinessalsoincludesadeepsenseofmeaning,

worthandpurposeinlife.Gratitudesupportshappinessinwaysrelatedtoallofthese.(我们通常认为幸福是一种主观的幸福感，一种快乐和满足的感觉。

但幸福不仅仅是一种情感或短暂的感觉，它还包括一种深刻的意义、价值和生活目的。感恩以与所有这些相关的方式支持幸福。)”可知，除了我们通常认为的，幸福还包括生活中深刻的意义、价值和目标感。故答案为Itincl

udesadeepsenseofmeaning,worthandpurposeinlife.【41题详解】考查细节理解。由文章第二段中的“Researchhasshowngratitudehasfar-reaching

effectsonourphysicalhealth.(研究表明，感恩对我们的身体健康有着深远的影响。)”以及第三段中的“Gratitudehasastrongpositiveimpactonmentalhealthaswell.(感恩对心理健康也有着强烈的积

极影响。)”可知，感恩对身体健康和心理健康都有积极影响。故答案为：(Both)physical(health)andmentalhealth.【42题详解】考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Scandinav

iansthemselvesaredeterminingtheirlevelsofhappiness.Theyareappreciativeofafunctioningsocietywheretheyhaveeconom

icsecurityandwheresocialinstitutionssupporteveryone.Yet,thereissomethingelse.Theyvalue“moderation”,ajustenough-ness.Theydon’tc

hasehappinessorworkovertimeformonthsatatime.Theyremaingratefulforahealthywork-lifebalance.Asaresultofthissatisfactionandcontentment,t

heyfeeltheirliveshavevalue.(斯堪的纳维亚人自己决定着他们的幸福水平。他们欣赏一个运转良好的社会，在那里他们有经济保障，社会机构支持每个人。然而，还有其他一些事情。他们重视“适度”，一种刚刚好。他们不会追求

幸福，也不会一次加班好几个月。他们对健康的工作与生活平衡心存感激。由于这种满足和知足，他们觉得自己的生活有价值。)”可知，“Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformonthsatatimebecaus

etheyfeeltheirliveshavevalue.(斯堪的纳维亚人不会一次加班好几个月，因为他们觉得自己的生命有价值。)”逻辑错误，正确的逻辑应该是：斯堪的纳维亚人不会一次加班好几个月，因为他们重视“适度”，一种刚刚好的状

态。故答案为：Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformonthsatatimebecausetheyfeeltheirliveshavevalue.Scandinaviansdon’tworkovertimeformo

nthsatatimebecausetheyvalue“moderation”,ajustenough-ness.【43题详解】考查语言表达。练习感恩的一种方法是每天写一本感恩日记，写下你每天感激的三

件事。另一种做法是经常反思生活中的积极因素，培养感恩的态度，也可以培养感恩。故答案为：Onewaytopracticegratitudeistokeepadailygratitudejournalandwrited

ownthreethingsyouaregratefulforeachday.Anotherpracticeistooftenreflectonthepositivefactorsinyourlifeandcultivateanattitudeofgrati

tude,whichcanalsocultivategratitude.第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近日，应英国好友Jim的请求，你帮助他完成了一项关于你班学生英语泛读（extensivereading）现状的调查（见下图）。请用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1.调查结果

描述；2.你的选择及对英语泛读的认识。注意:1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,______________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Inresponsetoyourrequest,Ihaveconductedthesurveyo

nEnglishextensivereading.Herearetheresults:Themajorityoftheparticipants(73%)occasionallyengageinthispractice.Veryfew(7%)o

fthosesurveyedreportreadingfrequentlywhileonefifth(20%)admittheyhaveneverdoneitbefore.Asapassionatebookworm,Idefinitelyvot

eforthe“frequently”option.ExtensivereadingdeepensmyappreciationforEnglish,whichinturnincreasesmylanguageproficiency.Second,theworldscreatedbytheautho

rs,eitherfictionalornot,allowmetoknowsocietyandmyselfbetter,enablingmetoseetheworldanew.Ihopeyoufindtheaboveinformationuseful.Ifyouhavean

yotherquestionspleaseletmeknow.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇是应用文写作。要求考生给英国好友写一封邮件，描述关于英语泛读现状的调查结果，以及对英语泛读的认识。,【详解】1.词汇积累要求：request→demand参与：engagein→i

nvolvedin肯定：definitely→certainly允许：allow→permit2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Second,theworldscreatedbytheauthors,eitherfictionalornot,allowmetoknowsociety

andmyselfbetter,enablingmetoseeanewworld.拓展句：Second,theworldscreatedbytheauthors,eitherfictionalornot,allowmetoknowsocietyandmyselfbetter,becau

setheyenablemetoseeanewworld.【点睛】【高分句型1】ExtensivereadingdeepensmyappreciationforEnglish,whichinturnincreasesmylanguageproficiency.(运用了which引导的

非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,pleaseletmeknow.(运用了if引导的条件状语从句)