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Ⅰ.认阅读单词1．tornadon．(pl.-oesor-os)龙卷风；旋风2．droughtn．旱灾；久旱3．landsliden．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡4．tsunamin．海啸5．volcanice

ruption火山喷发6．magnituden．(地)震级；重大7．evacuatevt.疏散；撤出vi.撤离8．helicoptern．直升机9．crackn．裂纹；裂缝vi.&vt.(使)破裂10．brickn．砖；砖块11．metaln．金属12．re

vivevt.&vi.复活；(使)苏醒13．revivaln．振兴；复苏14．unifyvi.&vt.统一；(使)成一体15．volcanon．(pl.-oesor-os)火山16．eruptvi.&vt.(火山)

爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出17．typhoonn．台风18．hurricanen．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风19．whistlevi.吹口哨；发出笛声vt.吹口哨n．哨子(声)；呼啸声20．kitn．成套工具；成套设备21．firstaidk

it急救箱Ⅱ.记重点单词1．disastern．灾难；灾害2．slidevi.&vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3．floodn．洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没4．rescuen．&vt.营救；救援5．dam

agevt.损害；破坏n．损坏；损失6．destroyvt.摧毁；毁灭7．sheltern．避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)8．ruinn．&vt.破坏；毁坏9．percentn．百分之…

…adj.&adv.每一百中10．trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱11．buryvt.埋葬；安葬12．effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力13．contextn．上下文；语境；背景14．suppl

yn．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品vt.供应；供给15．tapvi.&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲16．pipen．管子；管道17．calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静18．aidn．援助；帮助；救

援物资vi.&vt.(formal)帮助；援助19．crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞20．sweepvt.&vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫21．waven．海浪；波浪vi.&vt.挥手

；招手22．strikevi.&vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打n．罢工；罢课；袭击Ⅲ.知拓展单词1．deathn．死；死亡→deadadj.死的→deadlyadj

.致命的→diev．死亡2．affectvt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动→effectn．效果；结果；影响→effectiveadj.有效的3．shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊→shockingadj.令人震惊的→shockeda

dj.感到震惊的4．electricityn．电；电能→electricadj.电的；用电的→electronicadj.电子的5．breathevi.&vt.呼吸→breathn．呼吸→breathlessadj.气喘吁吁的6．wisdomn．智慧

；才智→wiseadj.明智的→unwiseadj.不明智的7．suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→sufferingn．受难；苦楚→sufferern．受苦者；受难者8．survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过→survivaln．幸存；生还→surviv

orn．幸存者；生还者9．powern．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerfuladj.强大的；强壮的→powerlessadj.无力的10．emergencyn．突发事件；紧急情况→emergentadj.紧急的→emergevi.浮现；出现11．delivervt.&vi.递送；传

达vt.发表→deliveryn．投递；送交12．summaryn．总结；概括；概要→summariz(s)evt.&vi.总结；概括13．lengthn．长；长度→longadj.长的→lengthenv．(使)变长1．a

mbulancen．救护车2．ancientadj.古代的3．anniversaryn．周年纪念日4．annualadj.每年的5．antiquen．古董，古玩6．apartmentn．公寓7．apparentadj.表面上的；明显的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．asif似乎；好像；仿佛2．inrui

ns严重受损；破败不堪3．inshock震惊；吃惊4．intheopenair露天；在户外5．onhand现有(尤指帮助)6．sweepaway消灭；彻底消除7．refusetodosth拒绝做某事8．thenumberof...……的数量9．asusual像往常一样1

0．cometoanend告终；结束Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat，anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.(too...to...)鸡甚至猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里

去。2．Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend！(asif引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临！3．Water，food，andelectricitywerehardtoget.(主

语＋be＋adj.＋todo)很难得到水、食物和电。4．Soonafterthequakes，thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(thosewho...)地震发生后

不久，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5．Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday

，killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，andatleastfourothercountries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)过去40年来最强的一次地

震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。6．Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstart

edfillingmyhome.(bedoing...when...正在做……突然……)我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。death，suffer，breathe，deliver，damage，strike

，bury，shockDisasterssuchastornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcaniceruptions，typhoons，hurricanesandearthquakeshave

comeoneafteranother，causinggreat1.damagetomanycountries.Insummary，theearthquakehastheworsteffects.The1976T

angshanearthquakecausedmorethan240,0002.deaths.90percentofhomeslayinruinsandpeople3.sufferedalot.Food，waterandelec

tricitywerehardtoget.Everywherethe4.shockedsurvivorssawdestroyedbricks，deepcracksinvillagewellsanduselessmetalsasiftheworldwereatanend.

Rescueteamswhowereinshockdugoutthetrapped,5.buriedthedead，andbuiltsheltersintheopenair.Withunifiedeffortsandwisdomofallpeople，thec

ityreviveditselfandbeganto6.breatheagain.Earthquakesundertheseacanalsocausetsunamis.Thetsunamithat7.struckAsiain2004crashedintocoastl

ines.Hugewavessweptawaymanypeople.Foreigncountriesaidedtheseareasby8.deliveringfoodandsuppliesbyhelicopters.(Tipsforemergencywhichaffectspeoplegreatl

y：※Keepcalm※Taponapipeorwhistleforhelp※Stayawayfrompowerlines※Surviveonwhatyouhaveonhand※Keepfirstaidkitsathome)提示：题干中加底纹词汇

为本单元词汇affectv．影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effectn．影响；结果；效果effectiveadj.有效的)•beaffectedby受……的影响；被……感动beaffectedwith感染……疾病•haveaneffect/influenceon/upon对……产生影

响(1)Wemusttakeeffective(effect)measurestopreventnaturaldisastersinadvance.(2)得知你由于感染了重病而回爱尔兰，我非常抱歉。(2020·浙江7月，应用文写作)Learningthatyouhaveretur

nedtoIrelandbecauseyouareaffectedwithaserious/severeillness，Iamterriblysorryaboutit.(3)总的来说，英文报Youth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，

应用文写作)Insummary，theEnglishnewspaperYouthaffectsmegreatly/hasagreateffectonme.Iamoftendeeplyaffectedbycountles

smovingstoriesinthenewspaper.shockvt.(使)震惊n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shockedadj.感到震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的)•beashockto...对……

而言是一件震惊的事inshock吃惊地，震惊地•beshockedatsth/that...对……感到震惊beshockedtodosth因做某事而感到震惊(1)Lookingatthehousewhichlayinruinsinshock，hecalled911immediatelytor

escuetheinjuredpeoplewhoweretrapped.(2)Allofuswereshockedattheshockingnewsthatmanydeathshadbeencausedbythemountainfire.(shock

)(3)Iwasshockedtohear(hear)thenewsthathiscargotcrashedtheotherdayseriously.Thenewswasashocktous.(4)Thebeartoreahol

einthefenceandputhisheadin.ElliandIwereshocked.(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)→Thebeartoreaholeinthefenceandputhisheadin，whichsho

ckedElliandme/whichmadeElliandmeshocked.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→WhatshockedElliandmewasthatthebeartoreaholeinthe

fenceandputhisheadin.(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)buryvt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏burysthin...把某物埋在……buryoneselfin＝beburiedin埋头于，专心于(1)Hewe

ptsadlyandheburiedhisfaceinhishands.(读后续写之动作描写)→Heweptsadly，buryinghisfaceinhishands.(用doing作状语改写)→Hewept

sadly，withhisfaceburiedinhishands.(用with的复合结构改写)→Heweptsadly，hisfaceburiedinhishands.(用独立主格改写)(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全

国Ⅰ，应用文写作)①Iburymyselfin/amburiedinreadingtheEnglishnewspapereverydayandIhavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.②BuriedinreadingtheEnglishnews

papereveryday，Ihavegainedlotsofcolorfulknowledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(sufferingn．受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难

sufferern．受害者；患者)sufferfrom遭受……折磨；患……病(1)Peopleofthedisasterareasufferedalotfromthetyphoon，andwatersuppliesandelectricitywerehardtoget.(2)生

活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)Therearealwayssomeupsanddownsinourlives，butitisthesufferingthatmakesusstronger.survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸免；幸存；艰

难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivorn．幸存者survivaln．幸存；生还)surviveon靠……存活下来survivesth幸免于；从……中活过来AsurviveB(by＋时间)A比B活得长(……)(1)Wewilldoeverythinginourpowerto

helpthosesurvivors(survive)inthetornado.(2)Althoughtheoldladysufferedfromaseriousillness，shestillsurvivedherhusbandby5years.(3)WhenIrealize

dthatthepoorboysurvivedondiscarded(被丢弃的)food，awaveofsadnessandsympathywashedoverme.(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存

，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Lifeisn’tabouthowtosurvivethestorm；it’saboutlearningtodanceintherain.strikevt.&vi.(struck，s

truck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起n．罢工；罢课；袭击•bestruckwith/by被……所袭击(感动)Itstrikessbthat...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……st

hstrikesb某人想到……•beonstrike在罢工goonstrike举行罢工•表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，occur。(1)Theworkersarecomingoutonstrikeforhigherwages，whichisashocktothegovernme

nt.(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我没能控制住自己，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)①BecauseIwasstruckwith/bywhathehaddoneforme，Icouldn’tcontainmy

self，tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.②Struckby/withwhathehaddoneforme，Icouldn’tcontainmyself，tearsofgratitudeflowingdownmycheeks.(用过去分词短语作

状语改写)(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)Itsuddenlystruck/hit/occurredtomethatIcouldwinthefirstplacebyforcingmyheadinsidethepumpkin.(4)约翰想到一

个促销爆米花的好办法，于是他像一阵风似的冲向伯纳德的家。(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Agoodwaytopromotepopcornstruck/hit/occurredtoJohnandthus，hedashedtoBernard’

shomelikeagustofwind.inruins严重受损；破败不堪(ruinn．废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产)be/lieinruins成为废墟；毁灭fall/comeintoruin成为废墟；毁灭ruinone’shope/health毁掉某人的希望/健康(1)9

0percentofhouseslayinruinsafterthelandslideandhelicopterswereusedtoevacuatepeoplelivingthere.(2)ThedoctorIrespectmo

stburiedhimselfinfightingagainstCOVID-19dayandnightanditnearlyruinedhishealth.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)→ThedoctorIrespectmostburiedhimselfinfightingagain

stCOVID-19dayandnight，whichnearlyruinedhishealth.(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→ThedoctorIrespectmostburiedhimselfinfightingaga

instCOVID-19dayandnight，nearlyruininghishealth.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)asif引导的虚拟语气Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoane

nd！仿佛世界末日即将来临！•asif相当于asthough，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，look等系动词之后引导表语从句。asif/though还可引导方式状语从句。•若asif/though从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。①当从句表示与现在事实相反

的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时(had＋过去分词)；③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用would/could/might＋动词原

形。(1)Listen，thewhistleofanambulance！Itseemsasifthereis(be)anemergency.(2)Whenapencilispartlyputintowater，itloo

ksasifitwere(be)broken.(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。ItseemedasifMac’slifehadcometoanend.(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)Itisdarkinthewoods.It

seemsasiftherewereafiercebeastbehindeverybush.Themoreshethinksofthis，themorefrightenedsheis.(5)眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(202

2·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Tearsswirlinginhiseyes，Davidraisedhishead，lookedatmeasifhewouldsaysomething/asif(hewas)tosaysomething，butloweredhisheadonceagain.用法点

拨若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。bedoing...when...Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。句中

when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：•beabouttodo...when...正要做……突然……•beonthepointofdoing...when...正要做……突然……•had

(just)done...when...刚做完……这时突然……(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。Wewereabouttoleave/wereonthepointofleavingw

henabignoisecamefromthenextroom.(2)双胞胎正在煲(stew)鸡肉粥，这时他们的爸爸迈进了厨房。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Thetwinswerestewingchickenporridgewhentheirfathermarchedintotheki

tchen.(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。Ihadjustescapedfromtheburninghousewhenitfelltotheground.1．Itwouldworklikethis：Anofficerarrivingatth

esceneofacrashcouldaskforthephonesofthedriversandusetheTextalyzertocheckintheoperatingsystemforrecen

tactivity.(2022·新高考全国Ⅱ)它的工作原理是这样的：一名到达事故现场的警官可以索要司机的手机，并且使用文本分析仪在操作系统中核查最近的活动。2．Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearan

dthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了该地区，造成的破坏驱走了许多鸟类。3．Thecollapsewasdisastrous，r

equiringtheemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.(2021·全国乙)她的昏倒是灾难性的，需要急诊医疗队和良好的团队合作。4．Theyconcludethatwhenta

skinterdependenceishigh，teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent，whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperforma

ncewhentaskinterdependenceislower.(2019·北京)他们得出的结论是，当任务相互依存度高时，团队人才过多会影响表现，而当任务相互依存度较低时，单个人才则会对团队表现有积极影响。5．A

fterall，noteveryonehasrealizedthatwildlifehasthoughts，feelings，andmostimportantly，equalrightstosurvi

ve.(2019·江苏)毕竟，并不是每个人都能意识到野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，它们有平等的生存权利。提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．strikeA.v.打B.v.使突然想起C.n.罢工D.v.(灾难、疾病等)袭击E.v.划(火柴

)F.v.(钟)敲(1)WhenIenteredtheroom，theclockhadjuststruck10.F(2)Asanoldsayinggoes，“Striketheironwhileit’shot

.”You’dbettergooverwhatyouhavelearnedassoonaspossible.A(3)Thegirlstruckamatchandthewarmlightfilledtheroomimmediately.E(4)Theyhavebeenonstrik

eforseveraldaystogetahigherpay.C(5)Abigearthquakestruckthearealastweek，whichthencausedaterribletsunami.D(6)Itstrikesusthatwecanfollowthestreamback

tothefarmhouse.B2．deliverA.递送B.生(小孩)；接生C.发表(演说等)(1)Theprincesshasbeendeliveredofahealthybabyboy.B(2)I’mhavingsomeflowersdeliveredfo

rherbirthday.A(3)Ifeelgreatlyhonouredtodeliveralectureongeneticengineeringhere.C3．affectA.影响B.感动C.(疾病)侵袭；使感染(1)Deeplyaffectedbythefilm，wecouldn’

tholdbacktears.B(2)Honestlyspeaking，thecoming-of-ageceremonyaffectsmegreatly.(2020·天津，书面表达)A(3)Thediseaseaffectsmanydifferentorgansofhi

sbody.C4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思(1)Shewasrushedtothehospitalaftersufferingfromshock.休克(2)Whenwevisitedtheoldfamilyhome，pastsweetmemoriescamefl

oodingback.大量涌入Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Hemadeagreatefforttosavethegirltrapped(trap)intheburninghouse.2.Workingouteitherindoors

oroutdoorsregularlywillaffect(effect)yourfitnesspositively.3．Thenewsthattheathletefailedinthemarathonduetoaserio

usinjurymadeusshocked(shock)．4．Buried(bury)inreadingthelegendofamasterinbasketball，hedidn’tmakeittoschoolontime.5．Howcanyousurviv

eonsuchapoordiet?Keepingslimdoesn’tmakesenseifyou’renothealthy.6.Comparedwiththosewhoareengagedinmanuallabor

，teachersexperiencemorementalsufferings(suffer)．7．ItstruckmethatIwascheatingmyselfbypretendingtounderstandwhatIdidn’t.8．Thestadiuman

dthegymlayinruinsafterthebigfirecausedbycarelesssmoking.9．ShespeaksEnglishsofluentlyasifshehadstayed(stay)inAmer

icaforalongtime.10．Towinanhonourforhiscountry，hedidn’tgiveupevenifhegotinjuredintherace，setting(set)agoode

xampletoothers.Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练(2021·全国乙)——在线学习1．我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(Itstrikessbthat；effect)Itstrikesmeth

atonlinelearninghasagreateffectonusstudents.2．许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(beburiedin；现在分词短语作结果状语)Manystudentsareb

uriedinlearningbeneficialonlinecourses，broadeningtheirhorizonsandenhancingtheirlearninginterest.3．然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(sho

ck)However，whatshocksus/whatmakesusshockedisthatmanystudentsareaddictedtoonlinegames.4．这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)Itwilldefinitelyruintheirhealt

handhopeinthelongrun.5．尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋todo；thosewho...；sufferfrom)Although/Though/Whiletheproblemisdifficu

lttohandle，weshouldsparenoefforttohelpthosewhoaresufferingfromInternetaddiction.Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练教材续写语料1．情感描写shockn．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊inshock震惊；吃

惊calmadj.镇静的；沉着的vt.使平静；使镇静2．动作描写slidevi.&vt.(使)滑行；滑动floodvi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没rescuen．&vt.营救；救援trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n．险境；陷阱tapvi.

&vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍effortn．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力aidn．援助；帮助；救援物资vi.&vt.帮助；援助crashvt.&vi.碰撞；撞击n．撞车；碰撞sweepvt.&vi.打扫；清扫waven．海浪；波

浪vi.&vt.挥手；招手suffervt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦survivevi.生存；存活vt.幸存；艰难度过续写语料运用请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)——头被卡在大南瓜里我的头陷入大南瓜里，我是

如此震惊以至于我的喉咙发紧，膝盖发软，各种各样糟糕的想法涌入我的心头。我尝试把头从南瓜里拔出来，但是白费力气。我哥哥不顾我正遭受的事情，他竟然咯咯的笑着轻拍南瓜。我爸爸咧嘴笑着，来帮助我，安慰地说，“保持镇静！”我被成功地营

救了，一阵感激之情向我袭来，泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下我的脸庞。Withmyheadtrappedinthehugepumpkin，Iwasinsuchshockthatmythroattightenedandmykneesfeltweak，variousterriblethoughtsflood

ingintomymind.Imadeeveryefforttopullmyheadoutofit，butinvain.IgnoringwhatIwassuffering，mybrothershould

tapthehugepumpkin，giggling.Grinningfromeartoear，myfathercametomyaid，sayingcomfortably，“Keepcalm！”Iwassuc

cessfullyrescuedandawaveofgratitudewashedoverme，tearstricklingdownmycheeks，likeabrokenlineofbeads.