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鹤壁市高中2022届高二检测（二）英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

。ATo:DavidRussel＜drusell@mmail.org＞From:AlyssaMeller＜ameller@jtext.com＞Date:January12Subject:MeetingsDearMr.Russel,Welcometoworkhereforaf

ewdays.IamwritingtoletyouknowthatRogerWilliams,oneofourstaffmembers,willpickyouupattheairportonSunda

yevening.Wehaveahotelarrangementforyoujustnexttoourofficebuilding.Asapopularwriterofchildren’sliterature,youwillb

egivingapresentationinourboardroom.Allofusareexpectingthenewcontentsinyourbooks,whichwillsurelyincludeyourunderstandingofch

ildren’sliterature.Wehopetolearnmorefromyouabouthowtoefficientlyorganizecontentsanddevelopwrittencommunicationskills.Aty

ourrequest,Iwasabouttoarrangeseveralmeetingswithyourcoauthorstodiscussrevisionstoyourseriesofchildren’sstories,whichwillbeanimportantpartduringy

ourstayhere.Becauseofthetightschedule,youwillprobablyhavesomebusydayshere.Butwewilltryourbesttoensurethatyoucanhav

eahighefficiency.Alldetailsareprovidedbelow.Mon.9:00a.m.Presentationonnewcontents11:00a.m.LunchmeetingwithThomasWood(

illustrator)Tue.9:30a.m.BreakfastwithGaryWillson(bookdesigner)11:20a.m.ConferencecallwithScottWest(theCEOofWa

lterPublishing)2:00p.m.MeetingwithHankWillisaboutsomeofthechaptersWed.9:00a.m.MeetingwithGeorgHoffmanntotranslatesom

edocumentsintoEnglish11:00a.m.EditingsessionwithJoseWrightAfterthefinalmeetingonWednesday,wewilldriveyoutoWestTownStationby4:00p.m.Yourtrain

fromthestationtotheairportwilldepartat4:30p.m.andyourflightisscheduledtoleaveat6:10p.m.Ifthereisanythinguns

uitableforthearrangement,pleaseletmeknowandwewilladjustthescheduleassoonaspossible.Lookingforwardtomeetingyounext

week.Alyssa1.Whatisthepurposeoftheemail?A.Toprovideaworkschedule.B.Tomakeatravelarrangement.C.Toproposeanadaptationofthestorybooks.D.Toinfo

rmMr.Russelofaschedulechange.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Russel?A.Heisattendingabookfair.B.Heisdraftingaresearchproposal.C.Heisadvertisingchildren’ssto

rybooks.D.Heisworkingwithothersonaproject.3.WhenisMr.Russelexpectedtodiscussthecontentsofhisstorybooks?A.At11:00a.m.onMonday.B.At11:20a.m.

onTuesday.C.At2:00p.m.onTuesday.D.At9:00a.m.onWednesday.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。这是AlyssaMeller写给儿童作家DavidRussel的一封邮件，介绍了工作安排，活动内容和时间安排等事项

。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Becauseofthetightschedule,youwillprobablyhavesomebusydayshere.Butwewilltryourbesttoensu

rethatyoucanhaveahighefficiency.Alldetailsareprovidedbelow.(由于日程安排紧张，你可能会在这里有一些繁忙的日子。但我们会尽力确保你能有一个高效率。所有细节如下)”可推断，这封邮件

的目的是为了提供一个工作安排表。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Atyourrequest,Iwasabouttoarrangeseveralmeetingswithyourcoauthorstodiscussrevisionstoyourseriesofchildren’sst

ories,whichwillbeanimportantpartduringyourstayhere.（应您的要求，我打算安排几次与您的合著者的会议，讨论您的一系列儿童故事的修订，这将是您在这里逗留期间的一个重要部分。）”可知，Russell正在和别人一起做一个项目。故选D

。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中提到的“Tue.2:00p.m.”和“MeetingwithHankWillisaboutsomeofthechapters（和HankWillis讨论一些章节）”可知，星期二下午两点，Russell先生将讨论他的故事书的内容。

故选C。BEnsleymademeapoet.WhenIwasone,myparentsandImovedintoatinyapartmentoff20thStreet.Iwrotemyfirstpoemsittinginthecornerofmybedroom,surr

oundedbytoys.Iwas7or8andthepoemwasformybestfriendwhohadmovedaway.Iwasangrywithhimforbeingwillingtoleaveme,andwhenIgetangry,Igetm

ean.Ifiguredhisleavingwouldbeeasiertoface,ifIpushedhimawayfirst.Butassoonasthemovingtruckpulledaway,IrealizedhowfoolishI’dbeen.S

oIwrotehimapoemtoapologize.Thepoemwasterrible,ofcourse,butwithit,alifelongloveaffairbegan---notwiththeboywhomovedaway,

butwiththewrittenword.Asanadult,I’dwritepoemsaboutplayingkickballintheparkinglotofthoseEnsleyapartmentblocks,andpoemsabouttripstoseet

hecandyladyandtothecornerstore.WhenpeopleaskmewhereinBirminghamIgrewup,Isometimessay“Everywhere”.WemovedaroundalotandtheneighborhoodsofBirminghamfin

dtheirwayintosomuchofwhatIwrite.IhadtoleaveBirminghamtolearnhowtotelltruestoriesinprose(散文).AftercollegeinAlabamaandgraduateschoolinBerkeley,Ca

lifornia,ImovedtoKentuckytobeanewspaperreporter.Myskillatwritingpersonalessayslandedmemyowncolumn(专栏)andthechancet

obeincludedinacollectionofessayspublishedbySealPress.ThenIcamehome.InherbookWritingDowntheBones,NatalieGoldbergwrites,“Itisveryimportanttogohomei

fyouwantyourworktobewhole...youmustclaimwhereyoucomefromandlookdeepintoit.Cometohonorandembraceit,orattheleast,acceptit.”NowinBir

mingham,Igettosharemystoryinlocalmagazinesandonmyblog.AndIbuildmystorythrougheveryfriendshipformedinthiscityofsteel,sweat,andsweettea.4.Ens

leyisthenameofa_____________.A.toyB.boyC.placeD.store5.WhatdoesPara.4tellusabouttheauthor?A.Sheenjoystravelingvery

much.B.Shepreferspoetrytonewsreports.C.Shegaveupwritingpoemsaftercollege.D.Shemadesomeachievementsinwriting.6.W

hydoestheauthormentionNatalieGoldberg’swords?A.Toprovetheyhadsimilarinterests.B.ToshowherloveforNatalieGoldberg.

C.ToexplainwhyshereturnedtoBirmingham.D.TointroduceNatalieGoldberg’sbooktoreaders.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Writingchangesmylife.B.Homei

swhereyourstoryis.C.Movingaroundmakesmeapoet.D.Childhoodfriendshipisasourceofwriting.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析

】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的写的诗歌都是关于自己的故乡或者自己的家人朋友等与自己有关的方面，因此引用NatalieGoldberg的话，“如果想你的作品完整，回家很重要……你必须申明你来自哪里，并深入研究它。尊重它，拥抱它，或者至少

接受它”，来解释为什么作者要回伯明翰，她的故乡。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Asanadult,I’dwritepoemsaboutplayingkickballintheparkinglotofthoseEnsleyapartmentblocks,andpoemsabouttripstos

eethecandyladyandtothecornerstore.可知，作为一个成年人，我会写诗，有的是关于在Ensley公寓楼街区的停车场踢球，有的是关于去看糖果小姐的旅行和街角的旅行等。由此可以

推断出，Ensley是个地名。故选C。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段Myskillatwritingpersonalessayslandedmemyowncolumn(专栏)andthechancetobeincludedinacollectionofessayspublishedb

ySealPress.可知，我写个人文章的技巧使我有了自己的专栏，也让我有机会使文章被编入SealPress出版的散文。由此可以看出，作者在写作上取得了一些成就。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Itisveryimp

ortanttogohomeifyouwantyourworktobewhole...youmustclaimwhereyoucomefromandlookdeepintoit.Cometohonorandembracei

t,orattheleast,acceptit.”可知，如果想你的作品完整，回家很重要……你必须申明你来自哪里，并深入研究它。尊重它，拥抱它，或者至少接受它。由此可以看出，作者提到NatalieGol

dberg的话，是为了解释为什么作者要回伯明翰，她的故乡。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章标题Ensleymademeapoet可知，Ensley使我成为诗人，而Ensley是作者的故乡；根据倒数第

二段Itisveryimportanttogohomeifyouwantyourworktobewhole...可知，如果想你的作品完整，回家很重要……。因此文章在讲“家是你故事的所在”。故选B。CErikKobayashi-Solomonspe

ntadaywithDr.PaulGauthier,aplantphysiologistspecializinginverticalfarmingresearchandcameawaywithseveralimportantid

easaboutverticalfarming.Humanshave12,000yearsofexperiencegrowingfood,butonlyagenerationorsoworthofexperiencegrowingcropsindoor

s.Wearestillprogressingupthetechnologylearningcurve(学习曲线).What'smore,traditionalfarmingtechniquesarebasedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletovertical

farming.Therefore,withouttakingtimetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoit

simpliedpromises.ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsaverticalfarmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacteri

zedverticalfarmsas"pie-in-the-sky"businesses.Hefamouslycalculates,forinstance,thatthecostofaloafofbreadwouldbe$24iffarmedindoor

s—thecostistoohigh.Gauthieracknowledgesthatenergypricesarehighbutpointsoutthatscientificworkhasshownthatonlyabout6%ofavailablesunlightisuse

dincropphotosynthesis(光合作用),sotheremaybewaysofgrowingthesameplantswithlesslight.Gauthieralsopointsoutthatwhileenergycostsareab

ithigh,verticalfarmingdoescreatehighefficienciesinotherareas.Waterusagemaybesignificantlyreducedbecausethesamew

atercanberecycledtimeandagain.Fertilizerusecanbegreatlyreducedandpesticidesforpestcontrolareunnecessary.It'sclearthatve

rticalfarmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.Thefutureisprobablymixed.Insomeenvironments—theMiddleEast,forinstan

ce—amovetoverticalfarmingisano-brainer.AnindoorfarminSaudiArabia,forinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshadingoutotherfarml

and.Inothergeographies,though,theexpenseofestablishingafacilityplacesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.Alargeverticalfa

nningandequipmentoperationonlystartedgeneratingasmallprofiteightyearsintoitsnine-yearlife.8.WhatcanweinferaboutverticalfarminginParagraph2?A

Itwillreplacetraditionalfarmingoneday.B.Itreliesonresearchofmorebasicscience.C.Itcanbeapplicableondifferentconditions.D.Itactuallycameintobeing12,00

0yearsago.9.WhatdoesDr.Albrightthinkofverticalfarms?A.Theyuselesslightthantraditionalones.B.Theymayseemveryunlikelytosucceed.C.Theycanoverco

memanyproblemsinfarming.D.Theydonotneedanynaturalsunlightanylonger.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabo

ut?A.Thewaysofreducingcostsofverticalfanning.B.Thesecretsofdevelopingverticalfarming.C.Therecenttrendofverticalfarming.D

.Thebenefitsofverticalfarming.11.Whyistheexampleof“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia”mentioned?A.Toshowverticalfann

ingcanworkwellinsomeplaces.B.ToprovesolarenergyisvitalforfarminginSaudiArabia.C.Toconfirmtheexpenseofsettingupave

rticalfarmishigh.D.Toarguevegetablesdonotneedtobeimportedanylonger.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍垂直农场。E

rikKobayashi-Solomon与从事垂直农场研究的植物生理学家PaulGauthier博士进行了一天的交流，得出了几个关于垂直农场的重要观点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中What'smore,traditional

farmingtechniquesarebasedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,withouttakingtimetounderstandthescience,vertica

lfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimpliedpromises.“更重要的是，传统的农业技术所基于的条件并不适用于垂直农业。因此，如果不花时间去理解科学，垂直农业就不太可能实现其隐含的承诺。”可知，垂直农业依赖于更多基础科学的研究。故

选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsaverticalfarmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCor

nellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas“pie-in-the-sky”businesses.为LED种植灯供电的成本是垂直农场必须克服的最大问题之一。康奈尔大学的路易斯·奥尔布赖特博士将垂

直农场描述为“天上掉馅饼”的生意。可知，Dr.Albright垂直农业似乎不太可能成功。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中It'sclearthatverticalfarmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.“很明显，立体农场为社会提供了

真正的价值。”可知，这一段讲述了垂直农业的好处。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中AnindoorfarminSaudiArabia,forinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLE

Dsatlowcostwithoutshadingoutotherfarmland.Inothergeographies,though,theexpenseofestablishingafacilityplacesahighbarongrowtha

ndprofitability.“例如，沙特阿拉伯的一个室内农场可以使用太阳能以较低的成本为LED供电，而不会遮挡其他农田。然而，在其它地区，建立一个设施的成本对增长和盈利能力提出了很高的要求。”可知，文中提到anindoorfar

minSaudiArabia是为了说明垂直扇风在某些地方可以很好地工作。故选A。DFacialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenalreadywidelyusedbygovernmentsandsomeadvertisingcompanies.Thetechnologyu

sesmachinelearningtoolstosearchforfacesinanattempttoidentifypeople.Inarecentstudy,scientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningto

olstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩).DanSchofieldsaidthatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovet

hequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime."Forspecieslikechimpanz

ees,whichhavecomplexsociallivesandliveformanyyears,gettingasnapshotoftheirbehaviorfromshort-termfieldres

earchcantellusonlysomuch,"Schofieldsaid.Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemov

erseveralgenerations.Butdoingthiswouldhaverequiredsearchingthroughhundredsofhoursofvideorecordingsofchimpanzeesinthewild

.TheresearchersrecordedtheactivitiesofagroupofchimpanzeesthatlivedintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastra

inedwithmorethan10millionimagesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenusedtosearchfor,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyi

ndividualchimpanzeescorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.Itsuccessfullyidentifiedtheanimals'sex96percentofthetime.Thestudyinc

ludedanexperimentwithhumanstoseehowtheycouldperformagainstthemachinelearningsysteminmakingidentification.Hum

answereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasterincompletingthe

experiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertookonlyseveralseconds.Theresearcherssaytheyarepermittingotherscientis

tstousethesystemforsimilarprojects.Theyhopethemethodwillbeusedforotherspeciestorecordanimalbehaviorandmonitordifferentanimalpopulat

ionsintheenvironment.12.WhatcanweinferfromSchofield'swords?A.Researchingchimpanzeesneedsmoreinformation.B.Chimpanzeescanliveaslongashumans.C.C

himpanzeesliketogetasnapshottoo.D.Short-termfieldresearchprovidesmoreinformation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto?A.Recordingchimpa

nzeesinthewild.B.Studyingchimpanzeesoverseveralyears.C.Understandingthelivesofchimpanzeescompletely.D.Gettingasnapshotofchimpanzees'

behavior.14.Whatdidtheexperimentwithhumansproveinthestudy?A.Humansmakemoreaccurateidentification.B.Themachinelearni

ngsystemismoreeffective.C.Humanscan'tidentifytheanimals'sexcorrectly.D.Machinelearningtoolstakealittlemoretimetoi

dentifytheanimals.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FacialRecognitionforAnimalsIsBecomingPopular.B.FacialRecognitionIsHelpingAnimalsL

iveintheWild.C.FacialRecognitionPlaysaRoleinRaisingAnimals.D.FacialRecognitionIsUsedtoIdentifyandTra

ckAnimals.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍面部识别技术，它用来识别和跟踪动物。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“DanSchofieldsaidthat

thesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime.”（丹·斯科菲尔德(Da

nSchofield)说：“开发这个系统是为了提高长期以来收集到的野生黑猩猩信息的质量。”）从Schofield的话里可推知，研究黑猩猩需要更多的信息。故选A项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句“Theresearcher

swantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenerations.”（研究人员希望通过几代人的研究来更全面地了解黑猩猩的

生活。）由此推知，下句中的this指代的是“完全了解黑猩猩的生活。”故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thehumanpersonswereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabo

ut42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasteratcompletingtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertooko

nlyseconds.”(人类识别黑猩猩个体的正确率约为42%。机器学习工具完成实验的速度要快得多。人类专家花了55分钟，而计算机只花了几秒钟。)由此可知，机器学习系统更有效。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段“Inarec

entstudyscientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩).”（在最近

的一项研究中，科学家们宣布他们已经开发出了机器学习工具来追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部。）文章倒数第二段“Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastrainedwithmorethan10milli

onimagesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenusedtosearchfor,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyindividu

alchimpanzeescorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.”一个面部识别计算机模型接受了超过1000万张动物图像的训练。这个模型随后被用来寻找、识别和追踪黑猩猩个体。该系统识别

单个黑猩猩的正确率约为92%。由此可知，“面部识别被用来识别和跟踪动物”为短文最佳标题，故选D项。【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，

慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。第

二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。Firefightersputtheirlivesindangereverydaytosavelivesandtobattlefiresbeforeth

eycanspreadanyfurther.___16___.Here'swhatfirefighterswantyoutoknow.Itcouldhappentoyou.Peoplehavethemindsetinmanycasesthatfireswillneverhapp

entothem.___17___.Inthefireservice,oneofthefirstthingsnewfirefightersaretaughtisto"expecttheunexpected"andit'snotjusttruef

orfirefighters.Andevenyou'renotinafire,forestfirescanaffectthewholeplanet.Neverhidefromorattempttofigh

tafire.Intheeventofafire,theonlythingthatshouldbeonyourmindisescaping.Nevertrytofightafireorhidefromone.Instead,t

rytoescapeassoonaspossible.Thenwastenotimeincallingthefiredepartment.___18___.Youonlyhaveonetotwominutes

toescape.Ifyouweretaughtfiresafetyinschool40yearsago,youmayhaveheardyouhavearound17minutestoescapeafire.___19___.Constructionmaterials,furniture,and

floorplanshavechanged,reducingthetimetooneortwominutes.Butremaincalm.That'sactuallyplentyoftimetoescapesafely.___20___Beinginaburningbuildinggetspe

opleinjuredandevenkilled.Onceyou'reout,stayout,andletthefiredepartmentdoitsjob.Ifsomeoneorapetistrapped,ple

aseknowthatfirefightersaretrainedinescapeandlifesavingmeasures.A.Thatcanbeadeadlyassumption.B.Neverenterorgobackint

oafire.C.Lifeandsafetyisofthefirstimportance.D.Whileitwastruethen,it'snottrueanymore.E.Thefasterfirefight

ersareinformed,theearliertheywillarrive.F.Payattentiontopotentialfiredangersthatmaybeinyourhome.G.They'reavasts

ourceofknowledgewhenitcomestopreventingandsurvivinghousefires.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.D20.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述消防员让人们知道的消防知识。【16题详解】上文“Firefig

htersputtheirlivesindangereverydaytosavelivesandtobattlefiresbeforetheycanspreadanyfurther.(消防员每天都将自己的生命置于危险之中，以挽救生命，并在火势进一步蔓延之前与之搏斗)”介绍消防员的工作，下

文“Here'swhatfirefighterswantyoutoknow”说明下文是消防员想让你知道的，因此推断空格处承上启下，说明消防员有丰富的消防知识可以共享，因此推断G项“当涉及到预防和幸存房屋火灾时，他们是一个巨大的知识来源。”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】空格上文“Peoplehav

ethemindsetinmanycasesthatfireswillneverhappentothem.(在很多情况下，人们有这样一种心态，那就是火灾永远不会发生在他们身上)”说明一种假设，A项中的“assumption”符合语境，that指

代上文提到的。因此推断A项“那可能是一个致命的假设。”为正确答案。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Thenwastenotimeincallingthefiredepartment.(然后抓紧时间给消防队打电话)”说明要尽快给消防队打电话，根据常识可推断，这样消防员得到的通知越快，到达得越早。故

选E。【19题详解】空格上文“Ifyouweretaughtfiresafetyinschool40yearsago,youmayhaveheardyouhavearound17minutestoescapeafire.(Thenwast

enotimeincallingthefiredepartment.(如果你40年前在学校学过防火安全，你可能会听说你有17分钟的时间逃离火灾。)”以及下文“Constructionmaterials,f

urniture,andfloorplanshavechanged,reducingthetimetooneortwominutes.(建筑材料、家具和平面图都发上了变化，将时间缩短了一到两分钟)”可推断，以前的消防知识现在不对了。因此推断D项“这在当时是对的，现在不是了”为正

确答案。故选D。【20题详解】空格处是段落标题。本段讲述待在燃烧的大楼里会让人受伤甚至死亡。一旦你出去了，就呆在外面，让消防部门来做他们的工作。如果有人或宠物被困，要知道消防员在逃生和救生措施方面受过训练。因此推断本段主要讲述不要回到火中。故选B。第二部分

：英语知识运用完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）JeremyLocke,25,hashisownroofingcompanyinBridgeport,NovaScotia.Foracoupleofyearsbeforehebeganhis_

___21____,hewoulddrivepastthehomeofJeanetteMacDonald,noticingthe____22____stateofherroof.Hewas____23____—notjustfortheelderlywomanbutalso

forthechildrenlivingwithher.SoLocke____24____tolendahelpinghand.TheyoungmanknockedonMacDonald'sdoorand____25_

___tofixherrooffornothing,"Ididn'tknowwhothewomanwas,butIwantedto____26____thisforherandhergrandchildren,"heexplainedtoTheChronicleHerald.H

owever,despitehiskind____27____,thewomanpolitelyturnedhimdown.MacDonaldandher____28____leftanimpressiononLocke.Hesaw____29__

__betweenthewomanandhisowngrandmother,andcouldn'tbeartoseeherinthis_____30_____.Hehadalsogrownupwithoutmuchandfeltthatheshouldusehisskills

to_____31_____.AyearafterLockesetuphisownroofingcompany,seeingthattheroofwas_____32_____inastateofdisrepair,LockereturnedtoMacDonald

'shomeandaskedMacDonaldifshewantedtoenteraraffle(抽奖)hiscompanywasdoingfora_____33_____roof.The70-year-oldwoman_____34_____thecha

nce,butlittledidsheknowthattherewasno_____35_____.MacDonald'srelief_____36_____Locke'skindnessisimmeasurable,"Icouldwin$1millionbutitwould

n'tmakemeas_____37_____asknowingI'mgettinganewroofon.Jeremyis_____38_____something.He'saguardianangel(守护天使)sent

fromGod."The_____39_____shouldcostabout$9,000intermsofmaterialsandmanpower.However,theonlythingLockewantsinreturnisahome-cookedmealforhisstafff

romthewomanwho_____40_____himofhisgrandmother.21.A.journeyB.businessC.researchD.life22.A.averageB.unexpectedC.specialD.terrible23.A.fri

ghtenedB.embarrassedC.concernedD.disappointed24.A.decidedB.appearedC.agreedD.happened25.A.declinedB.offeredC.managedD.pretended26.A.catchupwithB.tak

ecareofC.getridofD.putupwith27.A.applicationB.reactionC.theoryD.intention28.A.hesitationB.shameC.regretD.difficulty29.A.sym

bolsB.conditionsC.similaritiesD.beliefs30.A.situationB.occupationC.incidentD.direction31.A.respondB.giveC.helpD.develop32.A.stillB.evenC.alre

adyD.just33.A.temporaryB.delicateC.randomD.free34.A.wentoverB.jumpedatC.laughedoffD.lookedinto35.A.compet

itionB.cheatingC.dilemmaD.chance36.A.comparingB.withdrawingC.followingD.contradicting37.A.strongB.luckyC.happyD

.rich38.A.partlyB.possiblyC.generallyD.really39.A.roomB.jobC.mealD.decoration40.A.remindsB.warnsC.convincesD.informs【答案】21.B22.D2

3.C24.A25.B26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A36.C37.C38.D39.B40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JeremyLocke想为老太太JeanetteMacDonald

免费修屋顶，但MacDonald拒绝了，为了帮助MacDonald，Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖，MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会，最终Locke帮MacDonald弄好了屋顶。【21题详解】考查

名词词义辨析。句意：在他开始做生意之前的几年里，他会开车经过JeanetteMacDonald的家。A.journey旅程；B.business生意、事业；C.research研究；D.life生活。由上一句的hisownroofingcompany可知，是在他做生意的前几年

。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：注意到她屋顶的可怕的状况。A.average平均的；B.unexpected预料之外的；C.special特殊的；D.terrible可怕的。由后文

第4空后的lendahelpinghand，第5空后的fixherrooffornothing和theroofwas____12____inastateofdisrepair可知，她家的屋顶状况很可怕。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他担忧的不仅仅是这位老太太，

还有和她一起生活的孩子们。A.frightened害怕的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.concerned担忧的；D.disappointed失望的。由后文第4空后的lendahelpinghand可知，Jere

myLocke提供帮助是因为担忧他们。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此Locke决定伸出援助之手。A.decided决定；B.appeared出现；C.agreed同意；D.happened发

生。由后文第5空后的fixherrooffornothing可知，Locke要帮老太太修屋顶，说明他决定帮助老太太。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个年轻人敲了MacDonald的门，提出要免费修理她的屋顶。A.declined拒绝；B.offered提供

；C.managed设法；D.pretended假装。由前文第4空后的lendahelpinghand可知，Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他向The

ChronicleHerald解释说，我不知道那个女人是谁，但我想为她和她的孙子们处理这个。A.catchupwith提出；B.takecareof照顾、处理；C.getridof拜托；D.putupwith忍受。由上文第5空后的fixherro

offornothing可知，Locke他要帮老太太免费修屋顶，说明他要处理这个屋顶。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管他有好意，那个女人还是礼貌地拒绝了他。A.application申请；B.reaction反应；C.

theory理论；D.intention意图。由上文可知，他想免费帮老太太修屋顶，说明他有好的意图。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：MacDonald和她的困难给Locke留下了印象。A.hesitation犹豫；B.shame耻辱；C.regret

遗憾；D.difficulty困难。由上文可知，正是老太太MacDonald的困难（她家屋顶状况很可怕）给Locke留下了印象，Locke才会想帮忙。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处，不忍心见到

她居住在这种情况下。A.symbols标志；B.conditions情况；C.similarities相似；D.beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的hisowngrandmother和couldn'tbeartoseeher可知，应该是看到老太太和自己祖母长得相似。故选C项。【30题详解】考查

名词词义辨析。句意：他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处，不忍心见到她居住在这种情况下。A.situation情况；B.occupation职业；C.incident事情；D.direction方向。由上文可知，老太太的情况不好（屋顶状况糟糕），所以此处是在居住这种

（不好的）情况下。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他也是在没有多少东西的情况下长大，觉得应该用自己的技能来帮忙。A.respond反应；B.give放弃；C.help帮忙；D.develop发展。由上文可知，Locke会修屋顶，一直想要用这项

技能帮助老太太。故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：成立自己的屋顶公司一年后，Locke看到屋顶仍然年久失修。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.already已经；D.just刚刚。由上文可知，老太太拒绝了

Locke为她修屋顶的提议，所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Locke回到MacDonald的家，问MacDonald她是否想参加他公司关于免费屋顶的抽奖活动。A.temporary暂时的；B.delic

ate精致的；C.random随意的；D.free免费的。由前文和本句中的抽奖可知，MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议，为了帮助MacDonald，Locke就谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖，此处应是

“免费的”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位70岁的老太太欣然接受了这个机会，但她几乎不知道这儿根本没有什么比赛。A.wentover仔细检查；B.jumpedat欣然接受C.laughedoff一笑置之；D.lookedint

o调查。由前文可知，MacDonald家的屋顶坏了，现在有一个免费屋顶抽奖，她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位70岁的老太太欣然接受了这个机会，但她几乎不知道这儿没有比赛。A.competition比赛；B.cheating欺骗；C.dilemma困境；

D.chance机会。由全文语境可知，为了帮助MacDonald，Locke就谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖，所以根本没有抽奖比赛。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Locke的善良后，MacDonald的轻松是无法估量的。A.comparing比较；B.withdrawing撤退；C

.following在……之后；D.contradicting相反、反驳。由全文语境可知，MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以赢100万美元，但这不会让我像知道我得到了一个新的屋顶一样

高兴。A.strong强壮的；B.lucky幸运的；C.happy高兴的；D.rich富有的。由本句中knowingI'mgettinganewroofon可知，（家里屋顶要修的）MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶，她一定

是高兴的。故选C项。【38题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Jeremy真的很了不起。A.partly部分地；B.possibly可能地；C.generally一般；D.really真正地。由下一句他是上帝派来的守护天使可知，Jeremy真的很了不起。故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

这项工作的材料和人力成本大约为9000美元。A.room房间、空间；B.job工作；C.meal一顿饭；D.decoration装饰。由上文可知，MacDonald得到了免费屋顶，弄一个新屋顶是一项工作。故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

不过，Locke唯一想得到的回报是，这位让他想起祖母的女士为他的员工做一顿家常饭。A.reminds使……想起；B.warns警告；C.convinces确信；D.informs通知。由上文可知，MacD

onald和Locke的祖母长得像，所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthepastagentleman

wouldofferhisseattoaladyona___41___(crowd)bus.Butnow,hewillprobablylookoutofthewindoworhidebehindhisnewspaper,___42___

(leave)theladystanding___43___someoneelsegetsoff.Someladiesstillfeeltheyhavenochoicebut____44____(blame)ther

udeman.Buttimeischanging.Youcan’tentirelyblamemenforthischangeinmanners.Thedaysaregonewhenwomencould___45___(refer)t

oastheweak.Awholegenerationhasgrownupdemanding____46____(equal)withmeninjobs,ineducationandinsociallife.Holdadoorforsomewomen,___47___youarelikelyt

oget______48______angrylectureontreatingwomenasweaklings(弱者).Takeagirloutforamealandshe’llprobablyinsistonpaying___49___shareoftheb

ill.Allthese,accordingtosomesociologists,willchangemen’sattitudetowardswomenandthetraditionalpolitenessisperh

apsslowlybeing_____50_____(replace)bytrueconsiderationfortheneedsandfeelingsofwomen,sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbeings.【答案】41.crowd

ed42.leaving43.until/till44.toblame45.bereferred46.equality47.and48.an49.her50.replaced【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。生活中男女平等吗？你见过男士给女士让座吗？

时代不同了，对于男女平等的理解也有差异，所以如果今天男士给女士让座，很可能被视为男士对女士有偏见。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：过去，在拥挤的公共汽车上，绅士会给女士让座。根据offerhisseattoalady可知，此处指“拥挤的公共汽车”。故填crowded。【

42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是现在，他很有可能将脑袋转向车窗外，或者藏到报纸背后，任凭这个女士一直站在自己身边，直到有别的人下车，腾出空余的座位。此处与主语he是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动，做伴随状语。leavesb

.doingsth.“让某人做某事”。故填leaving。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：但是现在，他很有可能将脑袋转向车窗外，或者藏到报纸背后，任凭这个女士一直站在自己身边，直到有别的人下车，腾出空余的座位。根据句意，此处需要由until/till“直到……”来引导一

个时间状语从句。故填until或till。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：有些女士仍然觉得她们别无选择，只能责怪那个粗鲁的男人。固定搭配：havenochoicebuttodosth.“除了做某事别无选择”。故填toblame

。【45题详解】考查动词语态。句意：妇女被称为弱者的日子已经一去不复返了。refertosb.as“称某人为”，根据句意可知，此处指“被称为弱者”，应使用被动语态，空前有could，be动词应使用原形。故填bere

ferred。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：新的一代人已经成长起来，他们要求男女之间在就业、教育和社会生活上的平等性。空格处需要“平等”的名词形式，来做demanding的宾语。故填equality。【47题详解】考查连词。句意：主动为女士开门，就被认为是将女性看作弱势群

体，而被狠狠地教育一番。分析句子可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，后面是前面行为产生的一种自然结果，应使用and。故填and。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：主动为女士开门，就被认为是将女性看作

弱势群体，而被狠狠地教育一番。getalecture是动词短语，意为“得到一次教育或讲座”，angry的发音以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。【49题详解】考查代词。句意：带一位女孩出去吃饭，她很有可能坚持AA制的付账方式。payone’ssh

are是动词短语，意为“为自己的那一份付账”，修饰名词share，用形容词性物主代词。故填her。【50题详解】考查动词语态。句意：在一些社会学家看来，这些变化将会改变男性对女性的传统看法，以前那种积极主动为女士服务的惯常礼

仪也可能会慢慢被取代，代之以对女性真实需要和感受的体贴与关心。主语politeness与谓语动词replace是被动关系，由空前being可知，此处是现在进行时态的被动语态。故填replaced。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共1

0小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符

号(˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划--横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Itisnodoubtthatbirdsareourfriends.Therefore,alargenumberofbirdsarekilledforfoodeveryyear,thatreallycaus

esmoreandmorepeopletobeworried.TheotherdayIwaswalkinginthewoodswhileashotwasheard.Heardtheshot,thebirdsinthetreesflyinalldirectio

ns.Abirdwasbadinjuredandlookedsad.Findingabirdinjured,Idecidedtotakeithome.AthomeItookgoodcareofit.Whenitrecovered,Ireturneditbacktothew

oods.Ihopesomethingcanbedonetoprotectbirdsfromkilled.【答案】1.It→There2.Therefore→However3.that→which4.while→when5.He

ard→Hearing6.fly→flew7.bad→badly8.a→the9.去掉back10.在from后加being【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者偶然救了一只小鸟，并将它放回大自然

的故事。【详解】1.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。分析可知，Thereisnodoubtthat为固定句型。意为毫无疑问的是，故将It改为There。2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都

有大量的鸟类被捕杀，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。根据语境可知，此处与前句为转折关系，应使用转折副词however，位于句首，首字母大写。故将Therefore改为However。3.考查定语从句。句意：然而

，每年都有大量的鸟类被捕杀，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，作主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故将that改为which。4.考查固定句型。句意：有一天我正在树林里散步，听到一声枪响。分析

可知，bedoing...when...结构,意为“正在做某事，这时……”。故将while改为when。5.考查非谓语动词。句意：听到枪声，树上的鸟向四面八方飞去。heard与主语birds是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。故将Heard改为Hearing。6.考查

时态。句意：听到枪声，树上的鸟儿向四面八方飞去。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故将fly改为flew。7.考查副词。句意：一只鸟受了重伤，看起来很伤心。此处修饰形容词injured，应使用副词。故将bad改为badly。8.考查

冠词。句意：发现那只鸟受伤了，我决定把它带回家。分析可知，这只鸟是前文提过的，所以这句中是特指前面那只受伤的鸟。应该用定冠词the表特指，故将a改为the。9.考查动词。句意：当它恢复后，我把它放回了树林。分析可知，return在表示“返回”时，相当于goback，此时return不能再与副词ba

ck连用。故删去back。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望能做些什么来保护鸟类免受杀戮。preventsbfromdoingsth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，根据句意及常识可知，此处指“免受杀戮”

，应使用动名词的被动式。故from后加being。第一节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，近日一批英国交换生到你校学习，为此，学校专门开设了中国传统文化知识系列讲座，请你代表学生会写一篇演讲稿向他们介绍“立春”这一节气。内容包括：1.

立春基本情况（2月初；24节气中首个节气）；2.立春习俗（贴迎春字画、吃春卷、春游等）；3.立春在人们心中的寓意。注意：1.词数：100词左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：

立春StartofSpring;节气solarterm；春卷springrolls.【答案】Goodmorning,everyone!OnbehalfofStudents’Union,IfeelgreatlyhonoredtointroducetoyousomethingaboutStart

ofSpring,animportantChineseseasonaldivisionpoint.Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolarterms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfarming,S

tartofSpringusuallyfallsinearlyFebruary.Toobservethefestival,variousactivitieswillbeheld,suchaspastingnewyear’sco

upletsorpaintings,eatingspringrolls,havingaspringoutingandsoon.Generally,ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStart

ofSpringsinceitsignifiesthecomingofspring,afterwhichnaturebeginstocometolifeandeverythingtakesonanew

look.Allinall,notonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople’shopeforanewyear,butitconveystheirexpectationfortheb

rightfuture.Thankyou.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，向英国交换生介绍“立春”这一节气。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主

题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍立春的基本情况（2月初；24节气中首个节气）；2.介绍立春的习俗（贴迎春字画、吃春卷、春游等）；3.介绍立春在人们心中的寓意。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）onbehalfof;past

enewyear’scouplets;haveaspringouting;attach…to…;cometolife第三步：连词成句1.OnbehalfofStudents’Union,Ifeelgreatlyhonoredtointroduceto

yousomethingaboutStartofSpring,animportantChineseseasonaldivisionpoint.2.Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolar

terms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfarming,StartofSpringusuallyfallsinearlyFebruary.3.To

observethefestival,variousactivitieswillbeheld,suchaspastingnewyear’scoupletsorpaintings,eatingspringrolls,havingaspringoutingand

soon.4.Generally,ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStartofSpringsinceitsignifiesthecomingofspring,afterwhichnaturebegin

stocometolifeandeverythingtakesonanewlook.5.NotonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople’shopeforanewyear,butitconveysthe

irexpectationforthebrightfuture.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：notonly…but2.表总结：allinall连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写

一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1].Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolarterms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfar

ming,StartofSpringusuallyfallsinearlyFebruary.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2].ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStartofSpringsinceitsignifiesthe

comingofspring,afterwhichnaturebeginstocometolifeandeverythingtakesonanewlook.（由“介词after+关系代词which”引导非限制性定语从句

）