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鹤壁市高中2022届高二检测（二）英语试题第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATo:DavidRussel＜drus

ell@mmail.org＞From:AlyssaMeller＜ameller@jtext.com＞Date:January12Subject:MeetingsDearMr.Russel,Welcometoworkhereforafewdays.Iamwritingtoletyo

uknowthatRogerWilliams,oneofourstaffmembers,willpickyouupattheairportonSundayevening.Wehaveahotelarrangementforyoujustnexttoourofficebuildi

ng.Asapopularwriterofchildren’sliterature,youwillbegivingapresentationinourboardroom.Allofusareexpectingthenewcon

tentsinyourbooks,whichwillsurelyincludeyourunderstandingofchildren’sliterature.Wehopetolearnmorefromyouabouthowto

efficientlyorganizecontentsanddevelopwrittencommunicationskills.Atyourrequest,Iwasabouttoarrangeseveralmeetingswithyourcoauthorstodiscus

srevisionstoyourseriesofchildren’sstories,whichwillbeanimportantpartduringyourstayhere.Becauseofthetightschedule,youwil

lprobablyhavesomebusydayshere.Butwewilltryourbesttoensurethatyoucanhaveahighefficiency.Alldetailsareprovidedbelow.Mon.

9:00a.m.Presentationonnewcontents11:00a.m.LunchmeetingwithThomasWood(illustrator)Tue.9:30a.m.Breakfas

twithGaryWillson(bookdesigner)11:20a.m.ConferencecallwithScottWest(theCEOofWalterPublishing)2:00p.m.MeetingwithHankWi

llisaboutsomeofthechaptersWed.9:00a.m.MeetingwithGeorgHoffmanntotranslatesomedocumentsintoEnglish11:00a.m.EditingsessionwithJoseW

rightAfterthefinalmeetingonWednesday,wewilldriveyoutoWestTownStationby4:00p.m.Yourtrainfromthestationtotheairportwilldepartat4:30p.m.andyourfligh

tisscheduledtoleaveat6:10p.m.Ifthereisanythingunsuitableforthearrangement,pleaseletmeknowandwewilladjustthesch

eduleassoonaspossible.Lookingforwardtomeetingyounextweek.Alyssa1.Whatisthepurposeoftheemail?A.Toprovideaworkschedule.B.Tomakeatrave

larrangement.C.Toproposeanadaptationofthestorybooks.D.ToinformMr.Russelofaschedulechange.2.WhatcanwelearnaboutMr.Russ

el?A.Heisattendingabookfair.B.Heisdraftingaresearchproposal.C.Heisadvertisingchildren’sstorybooks.D.Heisworkingwithothersonap

roject.3.WhenisMr.Russelexpectedtodiscussthecontentsofhisstorybooks?A.At11:00a.m.onMonday.B.At11:20a.m.onTuesday.C.At2:00p.m.onTuesday.D.At9:0

0a.m.onWednesday.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】本文是应用文。这是AlyssaMeller写给儿童作家DavidRussel的一封邮件，介绍了工作安排，活动内容和时间安排等事项。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Becauseofthetightsched

ule,youwillprobablyhavesomebusydayshere.Butwewilltryourbesttoensurethatyoucanhaveahighefficiency.Allde

tailsareprovidedbelow.(由于日程安排紧张，你可能会在这里有一些繁忙的日子。但我们会尽力确保你能有一个高效率。所有细节如下)”可推断，这封邮件的目的是为了提供一个工作安排表。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Atyour

request,Iwasabouttoarrangeseveralmeetingswithyourcoauthorstodiscussrevisionstoyourseriesofchildren’sstories,whichwillbeanimportantp

artduringyourstayhere.（应您的要求，我打算安排几次与您的合著者的会议，讨论您的一系列儿童故事的修订，这将是您在这里逗留期间的一个重要部分。）”可知，Russell正在和别人一起做一个项目。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中提到的“Tue.2:00p.m.”

和“MeetingwithHankWillisaboutsomeofthechapters（和HankWillis讨论一些章节）”可知，星期二下午两点，Russell先生将讨论他的故事书的内容。故选C。BEnsleymademeapoet.WhenIw

asone,myparentsandImovedintoatinyapartmentoff20thStreet.Iwrotemyfirstpoemsittinginthecornerofmybedroom,surroundedbytoys.Iwas7or8andthepoemwasformyb

estfriendwhohadmovedaway.Iwasangrywithhimforbeingwillingtoleaveme,andwhenIgetangry,Igetmean.Ifiguredhisleavingwouldbeeasie

rtoface,ifIpushedhimawayfirst.Butassoonasthemovingtruckpulledaway,IrealizedhowfoolishI’dbeen.SoIwrotehimapoemtoapologize.Thepoemwaste

rrible,ofcourse,butwithit,alifelongloveaffairbegan---notwiththeboywhomovedaway,butwiththewrittenword.Asanadult,I’dwritepoemsaboutplayi

ngkickballintheparkinglotofthoseEnsleyapartmentblocks,andpoemsabouttripstoseethecandyladyandtothecornerstore.Whenpeopleask

mewhereinBirminghamIgrewup,Isometimessay“Everywhere”.WemovedaroundalotandtheneighborhoodsofBirminghamfindtheirwayintosomuch

ofwhatIwrite.IhadtoleaveBirminghamtolearnhowtotelltruestoriesinprose(散文).AftercollegeinAlabamaandgraduateschoolinBe

rkeley,California,ImovedtoKentuckytobeanewspaperreporter.Myskillatwritingpersonalessayslandedmemyowncolumn(专栏)andthechanc

etobeincludedinacollectionofessayspublishedbySealPress.ThenIcamehome.InherbookWritingDowntheBones,NatalieGoldbergwrites,“Itisveryimportantt

ogohomeifyouwantyourworktobewhole...youmustclaimwhereyoucomefromandlookdeepintoit.Cometohonorandembraceit,or

attheleast,acceptit.”NowinBirmingham,Igettosharemystoryinlocalmagazinesandonmyblog.AndIbuildmystorythrougheveryfriendshipformedinthis

cityofsteel,sweat,andsweettea.4.Ensleyisthenameofa_____________.A.toyB.boyC.placeD.store5.WhatdoesPara.4tellusabouttheauthor?A.Sh

eenjoystravelingverymuch.B.Shepreferspoetrytonewsreports.C.Shegaveupwritingpoemsaftercollege.D.Shemadesomeachievementsinwriting.6

.WhydoestheauthormentionNatalieGoldberg’swords?A.Toprovetheyhadsimilarinterests.B.ToshowherloveforNatalieGoldberg.C.Toexplainwhyshereturn

edtoBirmingham.D.TointroduceNatalieGoldberg’sbooktoreaders.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Writingchangesmylife.B.Homeisw

hereyourstoryis.C.Movingaroundmakesmeapoet.D.Childhoodfriendshipisasourceofwriting.【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的写的

诗歌都是关于自己的故乡或者自己的家人朋友等与自己有关的方面，因此引用NatalieGoldberg的话，“如果想你的作品完整，回家很重要……你必须申明你来自哪里，并深入研究它。尊重它，拥抱它，或者至少接受它”，来解释为什么作者要回伯明翰，她的故乡。【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段Asanadult,I’dwritepoemsaboutplayingkickballintheparkinglotofthoseEnsleyapartmentblocks,andpoem

sabouttripstoseethecandyladyandtothecornerstore.可知，作为一个成年人，我会写诗，有的是关于在Ensley公寓楼街区的停车场踢球，有的是关于去看糖果小姐的旅行和街角的旅行等。由此可以推断出，Ensley是个地名。故选C。【5题详解】主

旨大意题。根据第四段Myskillatwritingpersonalessayslandedmemyowncolumn(专栏)andthechancetobeincludedinacollectionofessays

publishedbySealPress.可知，我写个人文章的技巧使我有了自己的专栏，也让我有机会使文章被编入SealPress出版的散文。由此可以看出，作者在写作上取得了一些成就。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Itisveryimportanttogoho

meifyouwantyourworktobewhole...youmustclaimwhereyoucomefromandlookdeepintoit.Cometohonorandembraceit,orattheleast,acceptit.”可知，如果

想你的作品完整，回家很重要……你必须申明你来自哪里，并深入研究它。尊重它，拥抱它，或者至少接受它。由此可以看出，作者提到NatalieGoldberg的话，是为了解释为什么作者要回伯明翰，她的故乡。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章标题Ensleymademeapoet可知

，Ensley使我成为诗人，而Ensley是作者的故乡；根据倒数第二段Itisveryimportanttogohomeifyouwantyourworktobewhole...可知，如果想你的作品完整，回家很重要……。因此文章在讲“家是你故事

的所在”。故选B。CErikKobayashi-SolomonspentadaywithDr.PaulGauthier,aplantphysiologistspecializinginverticalfarmingresearch

andcameawaywithseveralimportantideasaboutverticalfarming.Humanshave12,000yearsofexperiencegrowingfood,butonlyagenerationorsoworthofexperiencegro

wingcropsindoors.Wearestillprogressingupthetechnologylearningcurve(学习曲线).What'smore,traditionalfarmingtechniquesareba

sedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,withouttakingtimetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmin

gisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimpliedpromises.ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsisoneofthebiggestproblemsaverticalfarmmustov

ercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas"pie-in-the-sky"businesses.Hefamouslycal

culates,forinstance,thatthecostofaloafofbreadwouldbe$24iffarmedindoors—thecostistoohigh.Gauthieracknowledgesthatenergypricesarehighbutpoi

ntsoutthatscientificworkhasshownthatonlyabout6%ofavailablesunlightisusedincropphotosynthesis(光合作用),sotheremayb

ewaysofgrowingthesameplantswithlesslight.Gauthieralsopointsoutthatwhileenergycostsareabithigh,verticalfarmingdoe

screatehighefficienciesinotherareas.Waterusagemaybesignificantlyreducedbecausethesamewatercanberecycledti

meandagain.Fertilizerusecanbegreatlyreducedandpesticidesforpestcontrolareunnecessary.It'sclearthatverticalfarmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.Thefuturei

sprobablymixed.Insomeenvironments—theMiddleEast,forinstance—amovetoverticalfarmingisano-brainer.AnindoorfarminSaudiArabia,fo

rinstance,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshadingoutotherfarmland.Inothergeographies,though,theexpe

nseofestablishingafacilityplacesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.Alargeverticalfanningandequipmentoperationonlystartedgenerating

asmallprofiteightyearsintoitsnine-yearlife.8.WhatcanweinferaboutverticalfarminginParagraph2?AItwillreplace

traditionalfarmingoneday.B.Itreliesonresearchofmorebasicscience.C.Itcanbeapplicableondifferentconditions.D.I

tactuallycameintobeing12,000yearsago.9.WhatdoesDr.Albrightthinkofverticalfarms?A.Theyuselesslightthantraditionalone

s.B.Theymayseemveryunlikelytosucceed.C.Theycanovercomemanyproblemsinfarming.D.Theydonotneedanynaturalsunlightanylonger.

10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thewaysofreducingcostsofverticalfanning.B.Thesecretsofdevelopingverticalfarming.C.Th

erecenttrendofverticalfarming.D.Thebenefitsofverticalfarming.11.Whyistheexampleof“anindoorfarminSaudiArabia

”mentioned?A.Toshowverticalfanningcanworkwellinsomeplaces.B.ToprovesolarenergyisvitalforfarminginSaudiArabia.C.Toconfirmtheexpen

seofsettingupaverticalfarmishigh.D.Toarguevegetablesdonotneedtobeimportedanylonger.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍垂直农场。ErikKobaya

shi-Solomon与从事垂直农场研究的植物生理学家PaulGauthier博士进行了一天的交流，得出了几个关于垂直农场的重要观点。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中What'smore,traditio

nalfarmingtechniquesarebasedonconditionsthatarenotapplicabletoverticalfarming.Therefore,withouttakingt

imetounderstandthescience,verticalfarmingisnotlikelytobeabletoliveuptoitsimpliedpromises.“更重要的是，传统的农业技术所基于的条

件并不适用于垂直农业。因此，如果不花时间去理解科学，垂直农业就不太可能实现其隐含的承诺。”可知，垂直农业依赖于更多基础科学的研究。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中ThecostofpoweringLEDgrowlightsison

eofthebiggestproblemsaverticalfarmmustovercome.Dr.LouisAlbrightatCornellhascharacterizedverticalfarmsas“pie-in-the-sky”businesses.为LED种植灯供

电的成本是垂直农场必须克服的最大问题之一。康奈尔大学的路易斯·奥尔布赖特博士将垂直农场描述为“天上掉馅饼”的生意。可知，Dr.Albright垂直农业似乎不太可能成功。故选B。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中It'sclearthat

verticalfarmingoffersrealvaluetosociety.“很明显，立体农场为社会提供了真正的价值。”可知，这一段讲述了垂直农业的好处。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中AnindoorfarminSaudiArabia,forinstance

,canusesolarenergytopowerLEDsatlowcostwithoutshadingoutotherfarmland.Inothergeographies,though,theexpenseofestablishin

gafacilityplacesahighbarongrowthandprofitability.“例如，沙特阿拉伯的一个室内农场可以使用太阳能以较低的成本为LED供电，而不会遮挡其他农田。然而，在其它地区，建立一个设施的成本对增长和盈利能力提出了很高的要求

。”可知，文中提到anindoorfarminSaudiArabia是为了说明垂直扇风在某些地方可以很好地工作。故选A。DFacialrecognitiontechnologyhasbeenalreadywidelyusedbygo

vernmentsandsomeadvertisingcompanies.Thetechnologyusesmachinelearningtoolstosearchforfacesinanattempttoidentifypeople.Inarecentstudy,scientistsan

nouncedtheyhaddevelopedmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩).DanSchofieldsaidt

hatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesinthewildoveralongperiodoftime."Forspecieslikechimpanzees,whic

hhavecomplexsociallivesandliveformanyyears,gettingasnapshotoftheirbehaviorfromshort-termfieldresearchcantellusonlysomuch,

"Schofieldsaid.Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenerations.Butdoi

ngthiswouldhaverequiredsearchingthroughhundredsofhoursofvideorecordingsofchimpanzeesinthewild.Theresearchersrecordedtheactiv

itiesofagroupofchimpanzeesthatlivedintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastrainedwithmorethan10millioni

magesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenusedtosearchfor,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyind

ividualchimpanzeescorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.Itsuccessfullyidentifiedtheanimals'sex96percentofthetime.Thestudyincludedan

experimentwithhumanstoseehowtheycouldperformagainstthemachinelearningsysteminmakingidentification.Humanswereabletocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpa

nzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasterincompletingtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertoo

konlyseveralseconds.Theresearcherssaytheyarepermittingotherscientiststousethesystemforsimilarprojects.Theyhopethemethodwill

beusedforotherspeciestorecordanimalbehaviorandmonitordifferentanimalpopulationsintheenvironment.12.Whatcan

weinferfromSchofield'swords?A.Researchingchimpanzeesneedsmoreinformation.B.Chimpanzeescanliveaslongashumans.C.Chimpanzeesliketogetasnapshottoo.D.Shor

t-termfieldresearchprovidesmoreinformation.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"this"referto?A.Recordingchimpanzeesinthewild.B.Studyingchimpanzeesover

severalyears.C.Understandingthelivesofchimpanzeescompletely.D.Gettingasnapshotofchimpanzees'behavior.14.Whatdidtheexperimentwithhum

ansproveinthestudy?A.Humansmakemoreaccurateidentification.B.Themachinelearningsystemismoreeffective.C.Humanscan'tidentifytheanimals'sexcorr

ectly.D.Machinelearningtoolstakealittlemoretimetoidentifytheanimals.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.FacialRecognitio

nforAnimalsIsBecomingPopular.B.FacialRecognitionIsHelpingAnimalsLiveintheWild.C.FacialRecognitionPlaysaR

oleinRaisingAnimals.D.FacialRecognitionIsUsedtoIdentifyandTrackAnimals.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍面部识别技术，它用来识别和跟踪动物。【1

2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“DanSchofieldsaidthatthesystemwasdevelopedtoimprovethequalityofinformationcollectedaboutchimpanzeesi

nthewildoveralongperiodoftime.”（丹·斯科菲尔德(DanSchofield)说：“开发这个系统是为了提高长期以来收集到的野生黑猩猩信息的质量。”）从Schofield的话里可推知，研

究黑猩猩需要更多的信息。故选A项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段第一句“Theresearcherswantedtogetamorecompleteunderstandingofthelivesofthechimpanzeesbystudyingthemoverseveralgenera

tions.”（研究人员希望通过几代人的研究来更全面地了解黑猩猩的生活。）由此推知，下句中的this指代的是“完全了解黑猩猩的生活。”故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thehumanpersonswereab

letocorrectlyidentifyindividualchimpanzeesabout42percentofthetime.Themachinelearningtoolwasmuchfasteratcompleti

ngtheexperiment.Humanexpertstookabout55minutes,whilethecomputertookonlyseconds.”(人类识别黑猩猩个体的正确率约为42%。机器学习工具完成实验的速度要快得多。人类专家花

了55分钟，而计算机只花了几秒钟。)由此可知，机器学习系统更有效。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是第二段“Inarecentstudyscientistsannouncedtheyhaddevelope

dmachinelearningtoolstotrackthefacesofindividualwildchimpanzees(黑猩猩).”（在最近的一项研究中，科学家们宣布他们已经开发出了机器学习工具来

追踪野生黑猩猩个体的面部。）文章倒数第二段“Afacialrecognitioncomputermodelwastrainedwithmorethan10millionimagesoftheanimals.Themodelwasthenu

sedtosearchfor,recognizeandtrackindividualchimpanzees.Thesystemwasabletoidentifyindividualchimpanzee

scorrectlyabout92percentofthetime.”一个面部识别计算机模型接受了超过1000万张动物图像的训练。这个模型随后被用来寻找、识别和追踪黑猩猩个体。该系统识别单个黑猩猩的正确率约为92%。由此可知，“面部识别被用来识别和跟踪动物”为短文最佳标题，故

选D项。【点睛】阅读理解题的解题方法，首先，宏观浏览，掌握大意。不要困扰在个别词汇的翻译上，偶有生词，走为上计。其次，读懂题干，带着问题再去微观细读。最后，分析句子，慎思明辨。阅读理解题之细节理解解题要注意：1

.排除干扰项，突出主题。2.按文章的体裁，作者写作的组织模式及有关信息，预测应该到何处寻找自己所需要的事实。3.将注意力放在寻找你所需要的细节上，快速浏览，一目十行。发现细节，十目一行，放慢速度，仔细核对比较，直到找到正确答案。第二节

（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。Firefightersputtheirlivesindangereverydaytosavelivesandtobattlefiresbeforetheycanspr

eadanyfurther.___16___.Here'swhatfirefighterswantyoutoknow.Itcouldhappentoyou.Peoplehavethemindsetinmanycase

sthatfireswillneverhappentothem.___17___.Inthefireservice,oneofthefirstthingsnewfirefightersaretaughtisto"expecttheunexpected"an

dit'snotjusttrueforfirefighters.Andevenyou'renotinafire,forestfirescanaffectthewholeplanet.Neverhide

fromorattempttofightafire.Intheeventofafire,theonlythingthatshouldbeonyourmindisescaping.Nevertrytofightafireorhi

defromone.Instead,trytoescapeassoonaspossible.Thenwastenotimeincallingthefiredepartment.___18___.Youonlyhaveone

totwominutestoescape.Ifyouweretaughtfiresafetyinschool40yearsago,youmayhaveheardyouhavearound17minutestoescapeafire.___19___.C

onstructionmaterials,furniture,andfloorplanshavechanged,reducingthetimetooneortwominutes.Butremaincalm.That'sac

tuallyplentyoftimetoescapesafely.___20___Beinginaburningbuildinggetspeopleinjuredandevenkilled.Onceyou'reout,stayout,andlet

thefiredepartmentdoitsjob.Ifsomeoneorapetistrapped,pleaseknowthatfirefightersaretrainedinescapeandlifesavingm

easures.A.Thatcanbeadeadlyassumption.B.Neverenterorgobackintoafire.C.Lifeandsafetyisofthefirstimportance.D

.Whileitwastruethen,it'snottrueanymore.E.Thefasterfirefightersareinformed,theearliertheywillarrive.F.Payattentiontopotentialfiredangers

thatmaybeinyourhome.G.They'reavastsourceofknowledgewhenitcomestopreventingandsurvivinghousefires.【答案】16.G17.A18.E19.D20.B【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。讲述消防员让人们知道的

消防知识。【16题详解】上文“Firefightersputtheirlivesindangereverydaytosavelivesandtobattlefiresbeforetheycanspreadanyfurther.(消防员每天都将自己的生命置于危险之中

，以挽救生命，并在火势进一步蔓延之前与之搏斗)”介绍消防员的工作，下文“Here'swhatfirefighterswantyoutoknow”说明下文是消防员想让你知道的，因此推断空格处承上启下，说明消防员有丰富的消防知识

可以共享，因此推断G项“当涉及到预防和幸存房屋火灾时，他们是一个巨大的知识来源。”符合语境，故选G。【17题详解】空格上文“Peoplehavethemindsetinmanycasesthatfireswillneverhappentothem.(在很

多情况下，人们有这样一种心态，那就是火灾永远不会发生在他们身上)”说明一种假设，A项中的“assumption”符合语境，that指代上文提到的。因此推断A项“那可能是一个致命的假设。”为正确答案。故选A。【18题详解】上文“Thenwa

stenotimeincallingthefiredepartment.(然后抓紧时间给消防队打电话)”说明要尽快给消防队打电话，根据常识可推断，这样消防员得到的通知越快，到达得越早。故选E。【19题详解】空格上文“Ifyouweretaughtfiresafetyinschool40ye

arsago,youmayhaveheardyouhavearound17minutestoescapeafire.(Thenwastenotimeincallingthefiredepartment.(如果你40年前在学校学过防火安全，你可能会听说你有17分钟的时间逃离火

灾。)”以及下文“Constructionmaterials,furniture,andfloorplanshavechanged,reducingthetimetooneortwominutes.(建筑材料、家具和平面图都发上

了变化，将时间缩短了一到两分钟)”可推断，以前的消防知识现在不对了。因此推断D项“这在当时是对的，现在不是了”为正确答案。故选D。【20题详解】空格处是段落标题。本段讲述待在燃烧的大楼里会让人受伤甚至死亡。一

旦你出去了，就呆在外面，让消防部门来做他们的工作。如果有人或宠物被困，要知道消防员在逃生和救生措施方面受过训练。因此推断本段主要讲述不要回到火中。故选B。第二部分：英语知识运用完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）JeremyLocke,25,hashisownr

oofingcompanyinBridgeport,NovaScotia.Foracoupleofyearsbeforehebeganhis____21____,hewoulddrivepastthehomeofJeanetteMacDonald,noticingthe____22____stat

eofherroof.Hewas____23____—notjustfortheelderlywomanbutalsoforthechildrenlivingwithher.SoLocke____24____tolendahelpinghand.The

youngmanknockedonMacDonald'sdoorand____25____tofixherrooffornothing,"Ididn'tknowwhothewomanwas,butIwantedto____26____this

forherandhergrandchildren,"heexplainedtoTheChronicleHerald.However,despitehiskind____27____,thewomanpolitelyturnedhimdown.MacDo

naldandher____28____leftanimpressiononLocke.Hesaw____29____betweenthewomanandhisowngrandmother,andcoul

dn'tbeartoseeherinthis_____30_____.Hehadalsogrownupwithoutmuchandfeltthatheshouldusehisskillsto_____31_____.AyearafterLock

esetuphisownroofingcompany,seeingthattheroofwas_____32_____inastateofdisrepair,LockereturnedtoMacDonald'shomeandaskedMacDonaldif

shewantedtoenteraraffle(抽奖)hiscompanywasdoingfora_____33_____roof.The70-year-oldwoman_____34_____thechance,butlit

tledidsheknowthattherewasno_____35_____.MacDonald'srelief_____36_____Locke'skindnessisimmeasurable,"Icouldwin$1mill

ionbutitwouldn'tmakemeas_____37_____asknowingI'mgettinganewroofon.Jeremyis_____38_____something.He'saguardianangel(守护天使)sentfr

omGod."The_____39_____shouldcostabout$9,000intermsofmaterialsandmanpower.However,theonlythingLockewantsinreturnisahome-cookedmealforhis

stafffromthewomanwho_____40_____himofhisgrandmother.21.A.journeyB.businessC.researchD.life22.A.averageB.unexpectedC.specialD.terrible23.A.frighten

edB.embarrassedC.concernedD.disappointed24.A.decidedB.appearedC.agreedD.happened25.A.declinedB.offeredC.managedD.p

retended26.A.catchupwithB.takecareofC.getridofD.putupwith27.A.applicationB.reactionC.theoryD.intention28.A.

hesitationB.shameC.regretD.difficulty29.A.symbolsB.conditionsC.similaritiesD.beliefs30.A.situationB.occupationC.incid

entD.direction31.A.respondB.giveC.helpD.develop32.A.stillB.evenC.alreadyD.just33.A.temporaryB.delicateC.randomD.free34.A.wentoverB.jumpedat

C.laughedoffD.lookedinto35.A.competitionB.cheatingC.dilemmaD.chance36.A.comparingB.withdrawingC.followingD.contradicting37.A.s

trongB.luckyC.happyD.rich38.A.partlyB.possiblyC.generallyD.really39.A.roomB.jobC.mealD.decoration40.A.remindsB.warnsC.convincesD.i

nforms【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.A25.B26.B27.D28.D29.C30.A31.C32.A33.D34.B35.A36.C37.C38.D39.B40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JeremyLock

e想为老太太JeanetteMacDonald免费修屋顶，但MacDonald拒绝了，为了帮助MacDonald，Locke谎称有一个关于免费屋顶的抽奖，MacDonald得到了这个免费的机会，最终Locke帮MacDonald弄好了屋顶。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他

开始做生意之前的几年里，他会开车经过JeanetteMacDonald的家。A.journey旅程；B.business生意、事业；C.research研究；D.life生活。由上一句的hisownroofingcompany可知，是在他做生意的前几年。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨

析。句意：注意到她屋顶的可怕的状况。A.average平均的；B.unexpected预料之外的；C.special特殊的；D.terrible可怕的。由后文第4空后的lendahelpinghand，第5空后的fixherrooffornothing和theroofwas___

_12____inastateofdisrepair可知，她家的屋顶状况很可怕。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他担忧的不仅仅是这位老太太，还有和她一起生活的孩子们。A.frightened害怕的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.conc

erned担忧的；D.disappointed失望的。由后文第4空后的lendahelpinghand可知，JeremyLocke提供帮助是因为担忧他们。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此

Locke决定伸出援助之手。A.decided决定；B.appeared出现；C.agreed同意；D.happened发生。由后文第5空后的fixherrooffornothing可知，Locke要帮老太太修屋顶，

说明他决定帮助老太太。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个年轻人敲了MacDonald的门，提出要免费修理她的屋顶。A.declined拒绝；B.offered提供；C.managed设法；D.pretended假装。由前文第4空后的l

endahelpinghand可知，Locke是提出免费帮老太太修屋顶。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他向TheChronicleHerald解释说，我不知道那个女人是谁，但我想为她和她的孙子们处理这个。A.ca

tchupwith提出；B.takecareof照顾、处理；C.getridof拜托；D.putupwith忍受。由上文第5空后的fixherrooffornothing可知，Locke他要帮老太太免费修屋顶，说明他要处理这个屋顶。故

选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，尽管他有好意，那个女人还是礼貌地拒绝了他。A.application申请；B.reaction反应；C.theory理论；D.intention意图。由上文可知，他想免费帮老太太修屋顶，说明他有好的意图。

故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：MacDonald和她的困难给Locke留下了印象。A.hesitation犹豫；B.shame耻辱；C.regret遗憾；D.difficulty困难。由上文可知，正是老太太MacDonald的困难（她

家屋顶状况很可怕）给Locke留下了印象，Locke才会想帮忙。故选D项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处，不忍心见到她居住在这种情况下。A.symbols标志；B.conditions情况；C.similarities相似；D

.beliefs信仰。由本句中提到的hisowngrandmother和couldn'tbeartoseeher可知，应该是看到老太太和自己祖母长得相似。故选C项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

他看到老太太和他自己的祖母的相似之处，不忍心见到她居住在这种情况下。A.situation情况；B.occupation职业；C.incident事情；D.direction方向。由上文可知，老太太的情况不好（屋顶状况糟糕），所以此处是在居住这种（不好的）情况下。故选A项。【31题详解】考查动词词

义辨析。句意：他也是在没有多少东西的情况下长大，觉得应该用自己的技能来帮忙。A.respond反应；B.give放弃；C.help帮忙；D.develop发展。由上文可知，Locke会修屋顶，一直想要用这项技能帮助老太太。

故选C项。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：成立自己的屋顶公司一年后，Locke看到屋顶仍然年久失修。A.still仍然；B.even甚至；C.already已经；D.just刚刚。由上文可知，老太

太拒绝了Locke为她修屋顶的提议，所以她的屋顶还是处于失修的状态。故选A项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Locke回到MacDonald的家，问MacDonald她是否想参加他公司关于免费屋顶的抽奖活动。A.temporary暂时的；B.delicate精致的；C.rand

om随意的；D.free免费的。由前文和本句中的抽奖可知，MacDonald拒绝了Locke为她免费修屋顶的提议，为了帮助MacDonald，Locke就谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖，此处应是“免费的”。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位70岁的老太太欣然接受了这个

机会，但她几乎不知道这儿根本没有什么比赛。A.wentover仔细检查；B.jumpedat欣然接受C.laughedoff一笑置之；D.lookedinto调查。由前文可知，MacDonald家的屋顶坏了，现在有一个免费屋顶抽奖，她肯定会欣然接受这个机会。故选B项。【35题详解】考

查名词词义辨析。句意：这位70岁的老太太欣然接受了这个机会，但她几乎不知道这儿没有比赛。A.competition比赛；B.cheating欺骗；C.dilemma困境；D.chance机会。由全文语境可知，为了帮助MacDona

ld，Locke就谎称有一个免费屋顶的抽奖，所以根本没有抽奖比赛。故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Locke的善良后，MacDonald的轻松是无法估量的。A.comparing比较；B.withdrawing撤退；C.following在……之后；D.contradicting

相反、反驳。由全文语境可知，MacDonald的轻松是在Locke善意地提供免费屋顶抽奖之后才会有的。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以赢100万美元，但这不会让我像知道我得到了一个新的屋顶一样高兴。A.strong强壮的；B

.lucky幸运的；C.happy高兴的；D.rich富有的。由本句中knowingI'mgettinganewroofon可知，（家里屋顶要修的）MacDonald得到了一个新屋顶，她一定是高兴的。故选C项。【38题详解】考查

副词词义辨析。句意：Jeremy真的很了不起。A.partly部分地；B.possibly可能地；C.generally一般；D.really真正地。由下一句他是上帝派来的守护天使可知，Jeremy真的很了不起。故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这项工

作的材料和人力成本大约为9000美元。A.room房间、空间；B.job工作；C.meal一顿饭；D.decoration装饰。由上文可知，MacDonald得到了免费屋顶，弄一个新屋顶是一项工作。故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

句意：不过，Locke唯一想得到的回报是，这位让他想起祖母的女士为他的员工做一顿家常饭。A.reminds使……想起；B.warns警告；C.convinces确信；D.informs通知。由上文可知，MacDonald和Locke的祖母长得像，所以是MacDonald使Locke想起了祖母。

故选A项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inthepastagentlemanwouldofferhisseattoaladyona___41___(crowd)bus.Butn

ow,hewillprobablylookoutofthewindoworhidebehindhisnewspaper,___42___(leave)theladystanding___43___someoneelsegetsoff.Someladiesstillfeeltheyhavenoc

hoicebut____44____(blame)therudeman.Buttimeischanging.Youcan’tentirelyblamemenforthischangeinmanners.Thedaysaregonew

henwomencould___45___(refer)toastheweak.Awholegenerationhasgrownupdemanding____46____(equal)withmeninjobs,ineducationandinsociallife.Holdadoo

rforsomewomen,___47___youarelikelytoget______48______angrylectureontreatingwomenasweaklings(弱者).Takeagirloutforamealandshe’llprobablyinsiston

paying___49___shareofthebill.Allthese,accordingtosomesociologists,willchangemen’sattitudetowardswomenandth

etraditionalpolitenessisperhapsslowlybeing_____50_____(replace)bytrueconsiderationfortheneedsandfeelingsofwomen,sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbei

ngs.【答案】41.crowded42.leaving43.until/till44.toblame45.bereferred46.equality47.and48.an49.her50.replaced【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

生活中男女平等吗？你见过男士给女士让座吗？时代不同了，对于男女平等的理解也有差异，所以如果今天男士给女士让座，很可能被视为男士对女士有偏见。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：过去，在拥挤的公共汽车上，绅士会给女士让座。根据offerhisseattoalady可知，此处指

“拥挤的公共汽车”。故填crowded。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：但是现在，他很有可能将脑袋转向车窗外，或者藏到报纸背后，任凭这个女士一直站在自己身边，直到有别的人下车，腾出空余的座位。此处与主语he是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词，表主动，做伴随状语。lea

vesb.doingsth.“让某人做某事”。故填leaving。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：但是现在，他很有可能将脑袋转向车窗外，或者藏到报纸背后，任凭这个女士一直站在自己身边，直到有别的人下车，腾出空余的座位。根据句意，此处需要由until/till“直到……”来引导一个时间

状语从句。故填until或till。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：有些女士仍然觉得她们别无选择，只能责怪那个粗鲁的男人。固定搭配：havenochoicebuttodosth.“除了做某事别无选择”。故填toblame。【45题详解】考查动词语态。句意：妇女被称为弱者的日子已经一去不复返了。

refertosb.as“称某人为”，根据句意可知，此处指“被称为弱者”，应使用被动语态，空前有could，be动词应使用原形。故填bereferred。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：新的一代人已经成长起来，他们要求男女之间在就业、教育和社会生活上的平等性。空格处需要“平等”的名词形式，

来做demanding的宾语。故填equality。【47题详解】考查连词。句意：主动为女士开门，就被认为是将女性看作弱势群体，而被狠狠地教育一番。分析句子可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，后

面是前面行为产生的一种自然结果，应使用and。故填and。【48题详解】考查冠词。句意：主动为女士开门，就被认为是将女性看作弱势群体，而被狠狠地教育一番。getalecture是动词短语，意为“得到一次教

育或讲座”，angry的发音以元音音素开头，应使用an。故填an。【49题详解】考查代词。句意：带一位女孩出去吃饭，她很有可能坚持AA制的付账方式。payone’sshare是动词短语，意为“为自己的那一份付账”，修饰名词sha

re，用形容词性物主代词。故填her。【50题详解】考查动词语态。句意：在一些社会学家看来，这些变化将会改变男性对女性的传统看法，以前那种积极主动为女士服务的惯常礼仪也可能会慢慢被取代，代之以对女性真实需要

和感受的体贴与关心。主语politeness与谓语动词replace是被动关系，由空前being可知，此处是现在进行时态的被动语态。故填replaced。第三部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)51.假设英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你

同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划--横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.

只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Itisnodoubtthatbirdsareourfriends.Therefore,alargenumberofbirdsarekilledforfoodeveryyear,tha

treallycausesmoreandmorepeopletobeworried.TheotherdayIwaswalkinginthewoodswhileashotwasheard.Heardtheshot,thebirdsinthetrees

flyinalldirections.Abirdwasbadinjuredandlookedsad.Findingabirdinjured,Idecidedtotakeithome.AthomeItookgoodcareofit.W

henitrecovered,Ireturneditbacktothewoods.Ihopesomethingcanbedonetoprotectbirdsfromkilled.【答案】1.It→There2.Therefore→However3.

that→which4.while→when5.Heard→Hearing6.fly→flew7.bad→badly8.a→the9.去掉back10.在from后加being【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者偶然救了一只小鸟，并将它放回大自然的故事。【详解】1

.考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，鸟类是我们的朋友。分析可知，Thereisnodoubtthat为固定句型。意为毫无疑问的是，故将It改为There。2.考查副词。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被捕杀，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。根据语境可知，此处与

前句为转折关系，应使用转折副词however，位于句首，首字母大写。故将Therefore改为However。3.考查定语从句。句意：然而，每年都有大量的鸟类被捕杀，这确实引起了越来越多的人的担忧。此

处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话的内容，作主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故将that改为which。4.考查固定句型。句意：有一天我正在树林里散步，听到一声枪响。分析可知，bedoing...when...结构,意为“正在做某事，这时……”。故将while改为when。

5.考查非谓语动词。句意：听到枪声，树上的鸟向四面八方飞去。heard与主语birds是逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，表主动。故将Heard改为Hearing。6.考查时态。句意：听到枪声，树上的鸟儿向四面八方飞去。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故将fl

y改为flew。7.考查副词。句意：一只鸟受了重伤，看起来很伤心。此处修饰形容词injured，应使用副词。故将bad改为badly。8.考查冠词。句意：发现那只鸟受伤了，我决定把它带回家。分析可知，这只鸟是前文提过的，所以这句中是特指前面

那只受伤的鸟。应该用定冠词the表特指，故将a改为the。9.考查动词。句意：当它恢复后，我把它放回了树林。分析可知，return在表示“返回”时，相当于goback，此时return不能再与副词back连用。故删去back。10.考查非谓语动词。句意：我希望能做些什么

来保护鸟类免受杀戮。preventsbfromdoingsth.固定短语，“阻止某人做某事”，根据句意及常识可知，此处指“免受杀戮”，应使用动名词的被动式。故from后加being。第一节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华，近日一批英国交换生到你校学习，为此，学校专门

开设了中国传统文化知识系列讲座，请你代表学生会写一篇演讲稿向他们介绍“立春”这一节气。内容包括：1.立春基本情况（2月初；24节气中首个节气）；2.立春习俗（贴迎春字画、吃春卷、春游等）；3.立春在人们心中的寓意。注意：1.词数：100词左右；2.可以适当增加

细节，以使行文连贯；3.文章开头与结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：立春StartofSpring;节气solarterm；春卷springrolls.【答案】Goodmorning,everyone!

OnbehalfofStudents’Union,IfeelgreatlyhonoredtointroducetoyousomethingaboutStartofSpring,animportantChineseseasonaldivisionpoint

.Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolarterms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfarming,StartofSpringusuallyfallsinearlyFebruary.Toobservethefest

ival,variousactivitieswillbeheld,suchaspastingnewyear’scoupletsorpaintings,eatingspringrolls,havingas

pringoutingandsoon.Generally,ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStartofSpringsinceitsignifiesthecomingof

spring,afterwhichnaturebeginstocometolifeandeverythingtakesonanewlook.Allinall,notonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople’shopeforanew

year,butitconveystheirexpectationforthebrightfuture.Thankyou.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇演讲稿，向英国交换生介绍“立春”这一节气

。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.介绍立春的基本情况（2月初；24节气中首个节气）；2.介绍立春的习俗（贴迎春字画、吃春

卷、春游等）；3.介绍立春在人们心中的寓意。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）onbehalfof;pastenewyear’scouplets;haveaspringouting;attach…to…;cometolife第三步：连词成句1.OnbehalfofStudents

’Union,IfeelgreatlyhonoredtointroducetoyousomethingaboutStartofSpring,animportantChineseseasonaldivi

sionpoint.2.Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolarterms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfarming,StartofSpringusuallyfallsinearlyFebruary

.3.Toobservethefestival,variousactivitieswillbeheld,suchaspastingnewyear’scoupletsorpaintings,eatingspringrolls,havingaspringoutingandsoon.4.

Generally,ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStartofSpringsinceitsignifiesthecomingofspring,afterwhichnaturebeginstocometolifeandeverythingtakesona

newlook.5.NotonlydoesStartofSpringbreedpeople’shopeforanewyear,butitconveystheirexpectationforthebrightfuture

.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：notonly…but2.表总结：allinall连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】[高分句型1]

.Asthefirstoneofthetwenty-foursolarterms,whichmeanalottoChinesefamersforguidingtheirfarming,StartofSpringusuallyfallsinea

rlyFebruary.（由关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句）[高分句型2].ChinesepeopleattachgreatimportancetoStartofSpringsinceitsignif

iesthecomingofspring,afterwhichnaturebeginstocometolifeandeverythingtakesonanewlook.（由“介词after+关系代词which”引导非限

制性定语从句）