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题型针对练(二)——段首句类Test1(2022·全国乙卷)Friendshipneedscareandattentiontokeepitingoodhealth.Herearefivewaystosustain(

保持)long-distancefriendships.·SetaregulardateLong-lastingfriendshipssharethecharacteristicthatbothsidesequallycontact(联系)andsharewithoneanothe

r.Withbusyschedules,squeezinginphonecallscanbeachallenge.1.·Moreisn’talwaysmerrierMakesureyouhavecommunicatedwithyourfriend

abouthowfrequentlyeachofyouwantstobecontactedandwhatmethodworksbestforyouboth.2.Therearealternativestoconstantwrit

tencommunication,suchasleavingvoicemessagesorhavingagroupchat.·Practiseempathy(共情)3.Thefriendwhoisremainingneedstobesensitivetoall

theadditionaltimedemandsplacedonthefriendwhohasmoved.Theoneinthenewenvironmentshouldbesympathetictothefactthatyourfriendmayfeelaband

oned.·4Anniversariesandbirthdayscarryevenmoreweightinlong-distancefriendships.Althoughtechnologymightmakeday-to-daycommunicationpossib

le,extraeffortgoesalongwayonspecialdays.Simplykeepingadiarythatkeepstrackoffriends’birthdaysandotherimportantdateswillmakesurenoth

ingslipsbyyou.·Don’trelyontechnologyalone5,butlong-distancefriendships—evencloseones—mayrequiremoreconsciousefforttosustain.Trytoseekoutchancestore

newfriendships.Howtodoit?Justspendface-to-facetimetogetherwheneverpossible.A.RememberimportantdatesB.

CompensatebywritinglettersC.ItisalsohelpfulforyoutobeafriendshipkeeperD.TrytofindatimethatworksforbothofyouandsticktoitE.Friendsneedtotalkaboutthe

irpreferredmethodsofcommunicationF.ItiseasytohaveasenseofconnectednessthroughsocialmediaG.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewhow

asleftbehindTest2(2021·福建福州6月适应性练习)Intoday’sincreasinglycompetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stresscanaffecthowyo

ufeel,think,andbehave.1It’sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithte

nsemuscles,overtiredness,orheadaches,itisquitepossiblystress-related.Isityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemsc

anbedividedintothreecategories:thosewithapracticalsolution,thosethatwillgetbetterwithtimeandthoseoutsideyourcontrol.

2Moveyourbody.Exercisewon’tcureyourstress,butitcanhelptocleanyourhead.Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming,butther

e’snothingmorethrillingthanhittingapunchbag.Don’tworsenthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.3Theywillonlymakeyoufeelphysicallyandmentallyw

orse.4Ifyouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadvice,youcantalktoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup,andtheymayprovideyouwithsol

utions.Sometimes,youcan’tseetheeasywayoutofthesituationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorusharound

because,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.5Makeato-dolist.Dothebigandimportantthingslast,afteryouhavea

chievedseveralofthesmallthings.Thatway,youwillapproachthebigthingsalreadyfeelinggood.A.Talkitthrough.B.Beagoodlistener.C.Thesea

ren’tsolutions.D.Itpaystotrynewthings.E.Butthisisafalseimpression.F.Itcanalsoimpacthowyourbodyfunctions.G.Focusonthefirstkindandignoretheothers

.Test3(2021·山东淄博高三第三次模拟)HowtostoplifegettingyoudownWedon’tliketotalkaboutourstruggles,choosinginsteadtoputo

nabraveface.1Therearemanypossiblemeanstopreventourselvesfrombeingknockeddown.Tryoutanewhobby.Hobbiesnotonlyfilltime,butalsohelptogiveyouasen

seofpurposeandsomethingtobeproudof.Tryoutanewsport,learntodanceorperhapsjoinamusicclub.2Askforhelp.Ifyou’restrugglingorfeelingdown,

alwaysrememberthatyoudon’tneedtobeonyourown.3You’llalsofindthatonlineconferencesandsocialmediasitescanprovideopportunitiestoconnectandaskfor

help.4Anewview,focusingontinysurprisesinourlife,canhelpyoutofeelmorepositive.Starttoappreciatethebea

utyofaflower,afavouritepieceofmusicorasimplesunnyday.Gooutfordinnerandmakeeffortstotrulyenjoytheflavourofyou

rmealorlieonyourbed,surroundedbytotalsilence,andsimplyfocusonhowitfeelstobreatheandtorelax.Dothingsforothers.5You’llfeelmo

repositiveknowingthatyou’recontributingtoabetterworld,whetherhelpingjustonepersonoralargergroup.Trydoingafewra

ndomactsofkindnesstobrightenupyourday;payforsomeone’sdinneratarestaurantorsendanicelettertosomeonethatyouknoworsomeonethat

’smadeadifferencetoyourlife.A.Trytoappreciatethelittlethings.B.Theymaydowondersforyourmood.C.Trynottoworryab

outwhatpeoplethinkofyou.D.Friendswillbehappytohelpandprovidesupport.E.Donotbebotheredbythingsaffectingyourmood.F.Fewthingsbuild

self-confidencequitelikedoingafavour.G.So,whenthingsstarttogetyoudownhowcanyoupickyourselfbackup?Test4(2021·河北唐山高三二模)Haveyoueverbe

enlabelleda“perfectionist”?Ordoyouconsideryourselftobeone?It’sinvitingtoseeperfectionismasadesirableorpositivequality.1Healthyperfecti

onistswanttodeveloptheirskillscontinually.Theirstandardsarealwaysrising,andtheyapproachworkwithoptimism,pleasureandadesiretoimprove.Unhealthyperfec

tionists,however,areneversatisfiedwithwhattheyachieve.2Theymayexperiencefearoffailure,anxietyandotherpainful

emotions.3Accordingtoresearch,perfectionismislinkedtohealthissuessuchaseatingdisordersanddepression.Perfectionismcanalsoser

iouslyimpactyourcreativity.Thisisbecauseperfectionismcanpreventyoufromleavingyourcomfortzoneandtakingrisks.4Yo

umayavoidstartinganewprojectuntilyou’vefoundthebestwaytoapproachit.Youmightalsogetcaughtupinminordetailsorrepeattasksthathavealread

ybeencompleted.Asaresult,thiswastestimethatcouldhavebeenspentonmoreimportanttasks.Ifyouthinkthatyouhaveaproblemwithperfectionis

m,startbysettingrealisticgoals.Thinkaboutyourmostimportantlifeandcareergoals.5Notonlywillthismakeiteasiertore

achyourobjectives,butyou’llalsoexperiencethethrillofachievingthesesmallergoals.TheodoreRooseveltsaid,“Dowhatyoucan,withwhatyouhave,whereyouare.”Ac

ceptthatthisisthebestyoucandoanddon’ttrytomakeupsomeperfectworld.A.Ifsomethingisn’tperfect,theyrefuseit.B.Perf

ectionismcanleadtoself-criticism,too.C.Perfectionismcanreduceyourproductivity,too.D.Then,breakthemdown

intomonthlyoryearlysteps.E.Infact,severeperfectionismcandomoreharmthangood.F.Theyshowthatyou’renotafraidtop

ushyourselfandtrynewthings.G.Whenperfectionismgetsoutofcontrol,itcanharmyouinmanyaspects.题型针对练(二)——段首句类Test1【语篇导读】本文是

一篇说明文。友谊需要细心呵护才能健康地发展,文章就相距较远的朋友如何保持长久的友谊给出了五条建议。1.D解析根据该段的小标题以及空格前提到的busyschedules可知,此处说明双方需要努力找一个对彼此都合适的时间来保持联系,并坚持这

一做法。故选D项。2.E解析根据上文的havecommunicatedwithyourfriend和下文的“Therearealternativestoconstantwrittencommunication...”可知,E项能够承上启下。故选E项。3.G解析根据下文的Thef

riendwhoisremaining以及Theoneinthenewenvironment可知,此处表示你可能是朋友中离开的那一方或者是留下的那一方。故选G项。4.A解析根据该段的内容可知,周年纪念日、生日等是非常重要的日期,为了避免遗忘

,要用日记本把一些重要的日期记录下来,故小标题应为“记住重要的日期”。故选A项。5.F解析根据下文的face-to-facetimetogether可知,虽然通过社交媒体保持联系很容易,但是面对面的聚会也是很有必要的。故选F项。T

est2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面对压力时,人们应该采取的一些措施。1.F解析根据上文的“Intoday’sincreasinglycompetitivesociety,peopleareloadedwithagrowingamountofstress.Stressca

naffecthowyoufeel,think,andbehave.”以及下文的“It’sworthtakingthetimetolearndifferentstrategiesformanagingyourstress.”可知,上文提到压力对人们的影

响,下文则说值得花时间学习管理压力的策略,由此可知空格处应承接上文继续说明压力对人的影响。故选F项。2.G解析根据上文的“Identifythecause.Ifyouarehavingproblemswithtensemuscles...I

sityourjob,relationshiporsomethingelse?Problemscanbedividedintothreecategories...”可知,本段的主题句是找到压力产生的原因,且上文提到了三类问题,空格处为本段最后一句,应承接上文

说明应该关注第一类问题,故G项符合语境。3.C解析根据上文的“Moveyourbody.Exercisewon’tcureyourstress...Trysomethingnew:yogamaybecalming...Don’twor

senthestressbydrinkingandsmoking.”可知,上文提到不要通过喝酒和抽烟加重压力,故本句承接上文说明“这些不是解决方案。”,C项的These指代上文的drinkingandsmoking。故选C项。4.A解析根据下文的“Ify

ouarethekindofpersonwhoisopentoadvice,youcantalktoafriendaboutyourstress.Friendscanworkasasupportgroup...Sometimes,youcan’tseetheeasywayoutofthesitu

ationwhenyouarestandingrightinthemiddleofit.”可知,下文提到可以通过向朋友倾诉自己的压力的方式来缓解压力,故A项符合语境。5.E解析根据上文的“Makealist.Havingtoomuchtodomaycauseyoutorus

haroundbecause,ifyouaremovingfaster,itfeelsasifyouaregettingmoredone.”可知,你行动得越快,就会感觉你完成的事情越多。而下文则提出要列一个待办事项清单,建议在完成一些小事情后再去做那些大的、重要的事情,由此可知本句与上文

构成转折意义,故E项“但这是一种错误的印象。”符合语境。Test3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。遇到困难与挫折时如何让自己勇敢面对困难?文章就此提出了一些建议。1.G解析根据空格前的“Wedon’tliketotalkaboutours

truggles,choosinginsteadtoputonabraveface.”可知,我们不喜欢谈论遇到的困难,却选择表现出坚强的样子。根据空格后的“Therearemanypossiblemeanstopreventourselvesfro

mbeingknockeddown.”可知,下文给出了几种防止自己被击倒的方法。G项“So,whenthingsstarttogetyoudownhowcanyoupickyourselfbackup?”起承上启下的作用。故选G项。2.B解析上文的“Hobbiesnotonlyfillti

me,butalsohelptogiveyouasenseofpurposeandsomethingtobeproudof.”与B项“Theymaydowondersforyourmood.”都在讲述兴趣带来的好处。故选B项。3

.D解析本段主题句是“Askforhelp.”,而D项“Friendswillbehappytohelpandprovidesupport.”与主题句意思一致,选项中的help呼应主题句“Askforhelp.”。故选D项。4.A解析空格处为本段主题句。根据下文的“Anewview,

focusingontinysurprisesinourlife,canhelpyoutofeelmorepositive.”可知,本段的建议是欣赏生活中的小事,A项“Trytoappreciatethelittlethings.”可以概括本段内容。故选A项

。5.F解析根据本段主题句“Dothingsforothers.”可知,下文主要介绍帮助别人的好处。F项“Fewthingsbuildself-confidencequitelikedoingafavour.”承接上下文。故选F项。Test4【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了严重完

美主义的一些危害以及克服完美主义的办法。1.E解析根据上文“Haveyoueverbeenlabelleda‘perfectionist’?Ordoyouconsideryourselftobeone?It’sinvitingto

seeperfectionismasadesirableorpositivequality.”以及下文关于严重完美主义的弊端的内容可知,E项“事实上,严重完美主义可能弊大于利。”符合此处语境。故选E项。2.A解析上文的“Healthyperfectionistswanttode

veloptheirskillscontinually.Theirstandardsarealwaysrising...desiretoimprove.Unhealthyperfectionists,howe

ver,areneversatisfiedwithwhattheyachieve.”提到了不健康完美主义者的表现;下文的“Theymayexperiencefearoffailure,anxietyandotherpainfulemotions.”进一步列举不健康完美主义者的表现;A项中的t

hey对应上文中的Unhealthyperfectionists,因此A项“如果某个东西是不完美的,他们就拒绝它。”符合语境。故选A项。