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题型针对练(一)——小标题类Test1(2023·全国甲卷)TricksToBecomingAMorePatientPersonHere’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavaca

tiontostartallhaveincommon?There’soneanswer.1.IntheDigitalAge,we’reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,rese

archsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we’dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.•Practicegratitude(感激)Thankfu

lnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.2.“Showingthank

fulnesscanfosterself-control,”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.•MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(满足)mayse

emlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierint

helongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.3.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoi

ngforthatcake.You’llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoothermoreannoyingsituations.•4Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbe

ingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshou

ldlearntosaytoyourself,“5.”You’llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A.FindyourcausesB.StartwithsmalltasksC.AccepttheuncomfortableD.Allth

isaddsuptoastateofhurryE.ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF.Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG.They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittl

eextrapatienceTest2Sometimes,thestress,fearandgrieffeelingscanoverwhelm(压倒)us.It’sfortunatethatself-careisnowmorewidespread.Itisused

toprovideguidanceonwhatpeoplecandotogethealthy.1Settleyourmind.Self-carecanhelpeasethementalburden.Whathappenstobesimple,ef

ficientandfreeismeditation(冥想).2Thepositiveeffectofmeditationonanxiety,depression,focusandevenphysicalpainhasbeensowell-establishedthatiti

snowusedinschools,sportsteamsandcorporateoffices.Rollawaystress.Whenyou’reunderstress,overwhelmed,regularexercisecanbeon

eofthefirsthealthyhabitstogo.Movingyourbodyisacoreprincipleofself-careandoneofthebestdefensesagainststress.MelanieCaines,

ayogateacher,suggestsmovementneedn’tmeandoingaseriousworkouteveryday.“Alittlegoesalongway.3”shesays.4Animport

antself-carewayistobemindfulofwhatyou’reeatingandconsideraddingsomenutritionalsupport.Thismeansabalanceddietthatisrightforyourneeds.Butonecommonl

yoverlookedpiece,accordingtoTorontonaturopathic(自然疗法的)doctorNikitaSander,isVitaminD.Shenotesthatthenutrientisprotectiveinmany

waysandthekeytomentalhealth.Ithelpsprotectagainstmooddisorderslikedepression.Generallyspeaking,self-care,asthenamesuggests,iswhateveryoumakeit

.5Youcandevelopyourownself-careroutine,asetofpracticesandhabitstofollow.A.Getyourvitamins.B.Keepbalanceddiets.C.Herearesomestartingpoints.D.Self-

carecanextendinmanydirections.E.Gentleexercisecandoalottorelaxyourentirebody,F.Thatis,lettingyourmindwanderfreelyallowsittosettle.G.Itcanbe

difficulttomaintainaregularmeditationpractice.Test3(2021·山东烟台高三模拟)Panicattacksaresudden,intenseeruptionoffear,panic,oranxiety.1Panicatt

acksaregenerallybrief,lastinglessthan10minutes,althoughsomeofthesymptomsmaylastforalongertime.Hereareafewtipsforyoutocopewithpanicatta

cks.Takedeepbreaths.Ifyou’reabletocontrolyourbreathing,you’relesslikelytoexperiencethehyperventilation(强力呼吸

)thatcanmakeothersymptoms—andthepanicattackitself—worse.Focusontakingdeepbreathsinandoutthroughyourmouth,feelingthea

irslowlyfillyourchestandbellyandthenslowlyleavethemagain.2Closeyoureyes.Somepanicattackscomefromtriggers(触发物)thatoverwhelmyou.Ifyouarein

afast-pacedenvironmentwithalotofstimuli(刺激),thiscanfeedyourpanicattack.3Thiscanblockoutanyextrastimul

usandmakeiteasiertofocusonyourbreathing.4Mindfulnesscanhelpgroundyouintherealityofwhatisaroundyou.Sincepanicattackscancauseafeelingofseparationfr

omreality,thiscanpreventyourpanicattackasitisapproachingoractuallyhappening.Usemusclerelaxationtechniques.Muchlikedeepbreathing,musclerelaxa

tiontechniquescanhelpstopyourpanicattackinitstracksbycontrollingyourbody’sresponseasmuchaspossible.Consciouslyrelaxonemuscleatatime.5

Techniquesofthiskindwillbemosteffectivewhenyouhavepractisedthembeforehand.A.Practisemindfulness.B.Getawayfromreality.C.Theyhavephysical

aswellasemotionalsymptoms.D.Toreducethestimuli,closeyoureyesduringyourpanicattack.E.Youcanstartwiththefingers,andthenmoveyou

rwayupthroughyourbody.F.Thesecannotonlyhelpyoufallasleep,buttheymayalsopromotemusclerelaxation.G.Breatheinforacountoffour,holdforasecond,andthenbr

eatheoutforacountoffour.Test4(2021·陕西高三下模拟)Childrenareinconstantneedofbeingrecognisedfortheefforttheyhavebeenputting.Theamounto

frecognitiontheygetisdirectlyproportional(成比例的)toself-respect.1.Nextwewilldiscusssomewaystodevelophealthyself-respectinchil

dren.•Tellthemaboutwhattheyshouldknow.Childrenwillbefullofquestions,likewhytheskyisallblue,whytheseai

softhatcolour,whybirdsfly,etc.2,asit’stoughtomeettheintellectual(智力的)curiosityofchildren.Whatshouldonebedoingideallyinsuchasituation

?Theyshouldexplainthescientificreasonsbehindallthephenomenathatcatchtheeyeofthechildren.•Encouragethemtostudyinaninspiringway.Childrenarediff

erent.Whenyouforcethemtostudysomethingtheywouldstarthatingthoseparticularsubjects.Itisgoodifyoucantakeamiddle-wayapproach,andexpla

intothemlikeafriend.Tellthemabouttheimportanceofstudying,andthepleasureinvolvedinit.3.•Makechildrenread.Re

adingcanbeunderstoodasapurelyaesthetical(美学的)activity.4,givingwingstotheimaginationofchildrensothattheycanflyhigh.Todothi

s,onemustunderstandwhatthechildlikes.Ifthechildlikesabitofanadventure,makehimorherreadOneThousandandOne

Nights.•5.Ifyourchildisshowingthepotentialofcreativity,makehimorherparticipateinartisticactivitiessuchaspainting,singing,playing

instrumentsandwriting.It’snotaboutwinningprizes,butactivitiessuchasthesewillimprovethecompetitivespiritinchildren.A.Involv

etheminsportsactivitiesB.InvolvetheminartisticactivitiesC.ThishasarelationshipwithpsychologyD.Itcanpromoteintellectualde

velopmentE.MostofthechildrenwouldlikesuchanapproachF.Sometimesit’sverydifficulttoanswerallthequestionsaswellG.Themainquestionwillbehowwecanb

oosttheself-respectofchildren题型针对练(一)——小标题类Test1【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要为读者提供“成为一个有耐心的人”的方法:表达感谢、学会等待、走出舒适区。1.G解

析根据第一段第一句“Here’sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?”可知,交通堵塞、排长队、等待假期开始都是需要

耐心的事情,这与G项“They’reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience”相吻合,且呼应第二段中的“practicedpatience”。2.E解析第三段第一句“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits

:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.”讲的是表达感谢的好处。E项“Itcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatience”也是表达感谢的好处。故选E项。3.B解析

根据第四段第二句“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.”提到了practice,空格后的句子“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10ex

traminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.”列举了一些等待的事情。由此推出B项“Startwithsmalltasks(从小事开始做起)”符合题意。4.C解析根据最后一段第一句“Somanyof

ushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,weg

etimpatientaboutthecircumstances.”可推知,本段的主题句应为“接受令人不舒适的事情”。故选C项。5.F解析根据最后一段第一句“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbei

ngcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatienta

boutthecircumstances.”的后半句可知,当我们经历舒适区外的事物时,我们会变得不耐烦。因此,我们应该学会对自己说“这只是不舒服,不是不可忍受”。故选F项。Test2【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。面对生活压力,人们应该学会自我照顾,因为自我照顾可以让人们

保持身心健康。文章介绍了一些进行自我照顾的方法。1.C解析根据空格前一句“Itisusedtoprovideguidanceonwhatpeoplecandotogethealthy.”可知,自我照顾可以用来为人们

提供健康指导;再结合下面各段的小标题可知,空格处引出下文内容。故选C项。2.F解析根据空格前一句“Whathappenstobesimple,efficientandfreeismeditation.”可知,此处介绍了冥想的一些特征。空格处进一步对冥想进行解释。故选F项。3.E解析根据空格前的

“MelanieCaines,ayogateacher,suggestsmovementneedn’tmeandoingaseriousworkouteveryday.”以及“Alittlegoesalongway.”可知,运动不需要很

大的量,也不需要高强度,适度的运动能给身体带来好处。故选E项。4.A解析根据下文的“Animportantself-carewayistobemindfulofwhatyou’reeatingandconsideraddingsomenutritionalsuppor

t.”以及“Butonecommonlyoverlookedpiece,accordingtoTorontonaturopathicdoctorNikitaSander,isVitaminD.Shenotesthatthenut

rientisprotectiveinmanywaysandthekeytomentalhealth.”可知,维生素D经常被忽视,而这种营养物质在很多方面都有保护作用,是心理健康的关键,所以本段主要强调要注意补充维

生素。故选A项。5.D解析根据空格后一句“Youcandevelopyourownself-careroutine,asetofpracticesandhabitstofollow.”可知,自我照顾不仅仅是之前所提到的那些方面,它还可以涵盖许多方面,

你可以建立自己的自我照顾程序。故选D项。Test3【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何应对惊恐发作给出了四条建议。1.C解析根据上文的“Panicattacksaresudden,intenseeruptionoffear,panic,oranxiety.”可知,

本段介绍了惊恐发作及其特点,空格处进一步对惊恐发作进行说明。C项中的They指代上文中的Panicattacks,因此C项“它们有身体上和情绪上的症状。”符合语境。故选C项。2.G解析根据本段小标题“Tak

edeepbreaths.”可知,该段介绍的方法与呼吸有关。G项的Breathein和breatheout与标题呼应。因此G项“吸气,数到四,屏住呼吸一秒钟,然后呼气,数到四。”符合语境。故选G项。3.D解析

根据本段小标题“Closeyoureyes.”可知,本段介绍的方法是闭上双眼,因此D项“为了减少刺激,在惊恐发作时闭上眼睛。”符合语境。故选D项。4.A解析根据下文的“Mindfulnesscanhelpgroundyouintherealityofwhatisaroundyou.Sinc

epanicattackscancauseafeelingofseparationfromreality,thiscanpreventyourpanicattackasitisapproachingoractuallyhappeni

ng.”可知,本段主要介绍警觉的作用,因此A项符合语境。故选A项。5.E解析根据本段小标题“Usemusclerelaxationtechniques.”和空格前一句“Consciouslyrelaxonemuscleatatime.”可知,本段主要介绍使用肌肉放松技巧,空格前一句

提到有意识地一次放松一块肌肉,因此E项符合语境。故选E项。Test4【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些培养儿童健康自尊的方法。1.G解析根据空格后的“Nextwewilldiscusssomewaystodevelo

phealthyself-respectinchildren.”可知,空格处应提到如何提高孩子们的自尊,因此G项“Themainquestionwillbehowwecanboosttheself-respec

tofchildren”符合语境。故选G项。2.F解析根据上文的“Childrenwillbefullofquestions,likewhytheskyisallblue,whytheseaisofthatcolour,whybirdsf

ly,etc.”和空格后的asit’stoughtomeettheintellectualcuriosityofchildren可知,空格处和下文是因果关系,而F项中的allthequestions与上文的befullofquestions对应,difficult和下文的tough对应。故选F

项。