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练习28阅读理解＋完形填空授课提示：对应学生用书69页Ⅰ.阅读理解A2024·深圳市高三调研应用文285词★★☆☆☆“You'resosmart！”Thisencouragingresponsetochildren'smathperforma

nceiscommonlyheard.Recently,anewstudy,conductedbytheUniversityofGeorgia,foundthatencouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedtotheirpersonalcharacteri

sticsorinbornabilitiesmightweakentheirmathmotivationandachievementovertime.Parentswhomakecommentslinkingtheirchildren'sperformancetopersonalcharac

teristicslikeintelligenceareusingwhat'sreferredtoaspersonresponses.Incontrast,parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchaseffortsorstrategyuse,tothei

rperformanceareusingprocessresponses.Forthestudy,researchersaskedmorethan500parentstoreportonhowtheyres

pondedtotheirchildren'smathperformanceandtheirmathbeliefsandgoals.Childrenwereassessedintwowavesacrossaye

artomeasuretheirmathmotivationandachievement.Theresultsshowthatparentswhoviewmathabilityaschangeablearemorelikelytogiveprocessresponsesfocusedont

heirchildren'sstrategyuseandeffortsratherthantheirintelligenceorotherpersonalcharacteristics.Incontrast,par

entswhobelievemathabilityisunchangeableandthatmathfailurecan'tbeconstructivegivemorepersonresponses.Paren

tswithhighexpectationsfortheirchildrengiveacombinationofbothresponses.Whileresponseshighlightingstrategyandeffortsarenot

relatedtoanyachievementoutcomes,childrenwhoreceivemoreresponsesabouttheirpersonalcharacteristics—inparticular,relatedtofai

lure—aremorelikelytoavoidhardermathproblems,exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety,andscoreloweronmathachievementtests.Becausepersonr

esponsespredictpoormathadjustmentinchildrenovertime,researcherssuggestparentslimitthistypeofresponsesat

home.Anotherrecommendationforparentsistothinkabouttheirownbeliefsandgoalsfortheirkidsandexaminehowthesemightleadthemtoresp

ondinpersonorprocessways.Simplytellingparentstoavoidtalkingaboutmathabilitymaynotbeenough.Focusinglessonhowchildrenpe

rformandmoreontheirstrategyandenjoymentofmathmightbeamoreeffectivewaytoenhancemotivation.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，

用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力鼓励他们，可能会随着时间的推移削弱他们的数学动机和成就。1．Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofprocessresponses?A．Youarealuckydog.B．Ru

nningisinyourblood.C．Whatworkswellforyourstudy?D．Whyareyousuchamathgenius?答案与解析：C推断。明题意：本题问“以下哪一项是过程性反馈的例子？”→寻线索

：根据第二段中的“parentswholinktheirchildren'sactions,suchaseffortsorstrategyuse,totheirperformanceareusingprocessre

sponses”可知，过程性反馈与孩子的策略应用或努力等行为相关→定答案：C项“什么对你的学习很有用呢”是对策略方面的反馈，故C项正确。2．Whatcanbeinferredfromthestudyresults?A．Paren

tsprefertogivemoreprocessresponses.B.Childrenaremorelikelytobeaffectedbymathanxiety.C．Processresponseshelpwithchildren'smathachievement.D

．Personresponsescandiscouragechildrenfromlearningmath.答案与解析：D推断。根据第四段中的“childrenwhoreceivemoreresponses...exhibithigherlevelsofmathanxiety,andscorel

oweronmathachievementtests”可知，接受更多个人特征相关的反馈的孩子更可能避开更难的数学题，展现出更高水平的数学焦虑，且在数学测试中得分更低。据此可以推断，个人特征相关的反馈可能会打击孩子学习数学的信心，故D项正确。3．Whatdoresea

rchersadviseparentstodo?A．Restrictpersonresponses.B．Defendtheirownbeliefs.C．Stresschildren'sperformance.D．Ignorechil

dren'smathproblems.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的“Becausepersonresponsespredict...parentslimitthistypeofresponsesatho

me”可知，研究人员建议家长在家里限制(减少)使用个人反馈，故A项正确。4．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．TheStrategyChildrenAdopttoLearnMathHelpsB．TheWayPar

entsTalktoChildrenonMathMattersC.ResponsestoEnhanceChildren'sMathPerformanceD.SuggestionsforParentstoTeachTheirChildrenMath答案与解析：B理解文章主旨要义。根据

第一段中的“encouragingchildrenwithresponsesrelatedto..motivationandachievementovertime”可知，用孩子们的个人特征或天生能力相关的反馈鼓励他们，可能会削弱他们的数学动机和成就；第二段介绍了家长的两种反

馈模式；第三、四段讲述了相关研究；最后一段提出了一些建议，充分说明了使用正确反馈方式的重要性，故B项“父母和孩子们谈论数学的方式很重要”适合作本文的标题。B2024·四省高考测试记叙文314词★★★☆☆AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidr

eamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,

sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitie

sforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst­handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification.“Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworse

off,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks.”Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdrou

ghts(干旱)haveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmin

gpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usin

gnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilisers(肥料)ratherthanchemicals.In2012,To

umiconsolidatedherdreamtofightthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustai

nablefarmingphilosophyintoaction.“Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyar

e.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater.”BySeptember2016,mo

rethan130，000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3

millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,Toumihopestoextendthepr

ogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.【语篇解读】文章讲述的是小时候SarahToumi和父亲去突尼斯度假，发现当地农田荒漠化很严重，后来她成立AcaciasforAll，想通过种植金合欢树来保护突尼斯的农田，并且初见成效。5．HowdidToumi'sholidaytrip

stoTunisiainfluenceher?A．Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B．Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C.Theyfiredherenthusiasmforhe

lpingothers.D.Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.答案与解析：C理解具体信息。明题意：本题问“Toumi去突尼斯的度假如何影响了她？”→寻线索：根据第一段中“Herpassiontoh

elpothers...intheeastofthecountryduringholidays”可知，当她陪着她的父亲在假期去他在该国东部的出生地时，她帮助他人的热情被唤醒了→定答案：故C项“他们激起了她帮助他人的热情”正确。6．Whatis

themaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia'sfarmland?A．Lowrainfall.B．Soilpollution.C．Coldweather.D．Fo

restdamage.答案与解析：A理解具体信息。根据第二段中“Adecreaseinaveragerainfall...75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification”可知，平均降雨量的减少和干旱严重程度

的增加导致突尼斯大约75%的农业用地受到荒漠化的威胁。故A项正确。7．WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A.Tocreatejobopportunitiesfor

youngpeople.B．Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C．Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D.Tofacilitatethepro

tectionoftheirfarmland.答案与解析：D理解具体信息。根据第四段中“In2012,Toumiconsolidatedherdream...puthersustainablefarmingphilosophyintoaction”可知

，2012年，Toumi巩固了她对抗沙漠的梦想，她搬到突尼斯，创立AcaciasforAll是为了将自己的可持续农业理念付诸行动，目的是促进农田保护。故D项正确。8．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Sav

ingWaterinTunisiaB．PlantingTreesofNativeSpeciesC．HoldingbacktheSaharaD．FightingPovertyinNorthAfrica答案与解析：C理解文章主旨要义。首段介绍Toumi陪同父亲到了突尼斯，帮助他人的热情被唤醒了。根据第

二段中“IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks”可知，Toumi想试图阻止撒哈拉沙漠的继续恶化，接下来就开始介绍Toumi搬到突尼斯，并创立AcaciasforAll，想通过种植植物来保护当地农田，

并且取得初步成效。故C选项“HoldingbacktheSahara”最适合作本文标题。Ⅱ.完形填空2024·石家庄市质检夹叙夹议文190词★★★☆☆Sculptureisanimportantartformtohighlightacountry'snationa

lspirit.Chinesesculpturemasterpieces__1__partsofChinesehistoryforfuturegenerationstolearn,andsincethey're__2__art，theydisplayvividlytraditionalChine

seculture.Ihavebeen__3__myrangeofsculpturecreationstomakethemmorediverse,whilealsomakinguseof__4__advantagesofsculpturestohav

etheChinese__5__heard.Forexample,Iemployedtheuniversalimageofthebridgetocreatethesculpture“GoldenBridgeonSilkRoa

d”，and__6__itwiththeBeltandRoadInitiative.The__7__IchoseformyworkwastheZhaozhouBridgebuilt1，400yearsago.Thissc

ulpturehasservedasa__8__thingforsomeoftheimportant__9__activitiesinChinaasitrepresentsoneaspectofournationalspirit.It'shelped__1

0__theappealofChineseculturetopresentforeigners.__11__，Ialsomade“BoatofFate”tointerprettheideaoftheCh

inese__12__“peopleinthesameboatshouldhelpeachother”．RichtraditionalChineseculture__13__thepracticesofthenewagehasprovided_

_14__sourcesforartcreation—there'snowaywelackinspiration.TopromotethecreativedevelopmentofChineseculture,artwillsurelydoits__15__.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹

叙夹议文。作者一直在扩大自己的雕塑创作范围，让世界听到中国的声音。1．A.recordB．mentionC．affectD．evaluate答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“forfuturegener

ationstolearn”可知，中国雕塑杰作记录了(record)中国历史的一部分，以让后人了解学习。mention“提到”；affect“影响”；evaluate“评价，评估”。2．A.creativeB.vis

ualC．originalD．popular答案与解析：B考查形容词词义辨析。由下文中的“displayvividly”可知，由于是视觉艺术，中国雕塑杰作生动地展示了中国传统文化。creative“有创造力的”；v

isual“视力的，视觉的”；original“独创的，起初的”。3．A.adjustingB.determiningC．graspingD．expanding答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文中的“tomakethemmorediverse”可知，作者一直在扩大自己的

雕塑创作范围。adjust“调整”；determine“查明，确定”；grasp“理解”；expand“扩大”。4．A.educationalB.academicC．artisticD．political答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。雕塑是一种艺术，根据常识可知，作者同时也在利用雕塑的艺术

优势。academic“学术的”；artistic“艺术的”；political“政治的”。5．A.musicB．voiceC．languageD．tune答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据下文内容，尤其是空后

的“heard”可知，此处表示让中国声音(即态度、意见)被听到。voice“意见，态度，心声”。6．A.equippedB.comparedC．combinedD．replaced答案与解析：C考查动词词义辨析。结合语境和雕塑名字可知，作者在创作雕塑《丝路金桥》时，利用了桥的通用形象，并将

其与“一带一路”倡议相结合。equip“配备，装备”；compare“比较”；combine“结合”；replace“替代”。7．A.appearanceB．modelC．themeD．title答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。前面提到作者创作雕塑《丝路金桥

》时利用了桥的通用形象，再结合下文中的“theZhaozhouBridgebuilt1，400yearsago”可知，作者选择以1400年前建造的赵州桥为模型。appearance“外观”；model

“模型”；theme“主题”；title“标题”。8．A.grandB.ceremonialC．historicalD．symbolic答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的“asitrepresentsoneaspectofournationalspir

it”可知，这座雕塑曾作为在中国举办的一些重要国际活动的标志性景观。grand“宏伟的”；ceremonial“礼仪的，礼节的”；historical“(有关)历史的”；symbolic“使用象征的，作为象征的，象征性的”

。9．A.internationalB.nationwideC．recreationalD．citywide答案与解析：A考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文中的“itrepresentsone...presentforeigners”可知，此处应指在中国举办的一些重要国际(international

)活动。nationwide“全国性的，遍及全国的”；recreational“娱乐的，消遣的”；citywide“全市性的”。10．A.teachB.oweC．offerD．exhibit答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据空后的“theapp

ealofChineseculturetopresentforeigners”可知，这座雕塑展示了中国文化的魅力。exhibit“表现，显示”。11．A.ConsequentlyB.EventuallyC．AdditionallyD．Frequently答案与解析：C考查副词词

义辨析。上文提到作者创作了《丝路金桥》，下文提到作者还创作了《命运之舟》。因此此处表示“此外”。consequently“结果，因此”；eventually“最终”；additionally“此外，另外”；frequently“频繁地”。12．A.charac

terB.taleC．customD．idiom答案与解析：D考查名词词义辨析。根据下文中的“peopleinthesameboatshouldhelpeachother”可知，作者还创作了雕塑《命运

之舟》，以诠释中国成语“同舟共济”的思想。character“角色，性格”；tale“故事，讲述”，custom“习惯，风俗”；idiom“成语，习语”。13．A.focusedonB.coupledwithC．based

onD．filledwith答案与解析：B考查动词短语词义辨析。根据全文阐述，尤其是下文中的“there'snowaywelackinspiration”可知，丰富的中国传统文化加上新时代的实践，为艺术创作提供了取之不尽的

资源。befocusedon“关注……”；becoupledwith“加上……”；bebasedon“以……为基础”；befilledwith“充满……”。14．A.literaryB.renewableC．limitlessD．independent答案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。参见上题解

析。literary“文学的”；renewable“可更新的，可恢复的”；limitless“无穷无尽的”；independent“独立的”。15．A.partB．workC．serviceD．research答案与解析：A考查名词词义辨析。此

处表示要推动中国文化的创新发展，艺术一定会尽自己的一份力量。doone'spart“尽自己的职责”。黄金考点语法填空——非谓语动词考点40非谓语动词与谓语动词考例Everyonewassilent,________(wait)

toseewhowouldbecalledtoreadhisorherparagraphaloud.点拨主句中已经有谓语was，故可知此处应用非谓语动词。主语Everyone与wait之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用wait的­ing形式waiting

。考点41介词后用动词­ing形式作宾语考例Mygrandpasaidlastsummertheyearnedquitealotby________(sell)thefish.点拨介词by后应接动词­ing形式作宾语，故应用sell的­in

g形式selling。