【文档说明】上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二下学期开学摸底考英语试题 含答案.docx，共(15)页，1.451 MB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-593ecafa40469957ed7b00c0e896c9ab.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

上海交通大学附属中学2022-2023学年度第二学期高二英语摸底考试试卷(满分150分，120分钟完成。答案请写在答题纸上。)命题：张宁审核：程姑第I卷II.GrammarandVocabulary(20'+20‘)S

ectionADirections:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.21.Theseteenag

egirlsprefertotakepictures________standsafamouscubismpaintinginagallery.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.as22.Whenguided

toreflectontheirgoodfortune,peopletendtobemorethankfulforandappreciativeof________theyhaveand________theyareont

heirpathrightnow,thusmorewillingtocontributetothecommongood.A.which,whenB.what,whereC.all,whichD.all,that23.-The

woundedsoldier________havebeensenttohospitalimmediately.-Sohe________,butalleffortsmadenodifference.A.should,wasB.mus

t,didC.oughtto,hadD.can,has24.Withrobotscomingtotherescueandappearingonthefarmscene,farminghasbeenmoreefficientwithrega

rdtothetime________takestoinspectcropsanddigupweed.A.whatB.itC.oneD.which25.Weneed________tohaveagoodcommandofEnglishasamedicalstudentneeds____

____adoctor.A.aslongandtoughatraining,tobecomeB.aslongandtoughatraining,becomingC.asalongandtoughtraining,tobecomeD.asalonga

ndtoughtraining,becoming26.ThesuccessofFullRiverRed(Manjianghong),a2023historicalsuspensecomedyfilmdirectedbyZhangYim

ou,issuch________evensomewesterncelebritieshavestartedtoreadChinesehistory.A.asB.likeC.thatD.making27.Accordingtoeconomic

s,moneyflowsto________itisthatcontrolsthescarcething,say,thecutting-edgeknowledge.A.whomB.whomeverC.whoD.

whoever28.Itisnaturalthattheprominentactress________chargedwithtaxevasion.A.wereB.wouldhavebeenC.mayhavebeenD.shouldha

vebeen29.PremierLiKeqiangisgoingtotakequestionsfrombothChineseandforeigncorrespondentsattheannualpressconference____

_____inMarch.A.toholdB.totakeplaceC.occurredD.held30.Giventheseriousdamageandsubstantiallossescausedbytherecent7.8magnitudeearthquakewhi

chstrucksouthernTurkey,just50milesfromtheSyrianborder,morefinancialsupportfrominternationalsociety_________.A.remaini

ngtoberaisedB.remainstoberaisedC.remainingtoraiseD.remainstoraise31.Thefirmhasbeentakingmeasurestocutcoststokeepits_________u

p,includingpurchasingcheaperrawmaterialsandreducingitsworkforce.A.expenditureB.profitsC.salariesD.rank32.Theidleafternoonwearegoingthroughathomereall

ydeservesafixofcoffeeorteato_________ourtiredminds.A.repairB.refreshC.recoverD.rescue33.GeneralMotors(GM)plansto_________itstwoplantstoelectricvehi

cleproductionby2035andanotherplantinCoahuilawillmakethenewmodelofChevroletBlazerfrom2024.A.converseB.

convertC.conserveD.preserve34.SincethesecondwaveofCOVID-19pandemicinChina,investorsfromhomeandabroadhaveloweredexpectationsofthesetech

companies,makingithardertolifttheir_________.A.marketsB.pricesC.brandsD.shares35.Arecord3.3millionAmericansapplie

dforunemployment_________inthethirdweekofMarch2020,accordingtotheUSLaborDepartment,asrestaurants,hotels,barbershops,gymsandmoreshutdowninanationw

ideefforttoslowthespreadofthedeadlycoronavirus.A.claimsB.benefitsC.interestsD.objectives36.Onhearingtheheart-breakingnews,

shecouldn't_________herselfandbrokeoutcrying.A.regainB.reserveC.composeD.comprise37.ALKorthegeneforanaplasticlymphomakinaseisastretchofDNAwh

osemutant(突变的)formhasbeenassociatedwithhumancancers,but,itsnormalfunctionwhichhassomethingtodowiththinnessinhu

manshadnotbeen_________beforetheresearch.A.foundedB.establishedC.maintainedD.received38.Whenthecandidatepresen

tedtheresultsofhisexperimentonthebrainofmicetothepharmaceuticalcompany,theylaughedandpaidno_________toth

ediscoverywhichlaterturnedouttobeabrilliantideaforanewproduct.A.investigationB.regardC.noticeD.inspection39.Inthe4-dayShanghaiDisneylandTour,youwills

pendafulldayventuringindream-likeDisneycastle,gardens,_________filmscenes,enjoyingfabulouskidjoywithfamousDisneycharactersandvariousfamilyente

rtainmentactivitiesandamusingshows.A.fancyB.fantasyC.fascinationD.fashion40.Thepolicy_________"renationalisation

”,andthrowsthecountry'sfinancialmarketsbacktothepast,complainstheeconomistshepherdingprivatizationfortheformerpr

imeminister.A.accumulatesB.amountstoC.equalstoD.recoversSectionB:Directions:Completethefollowingpassagesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonl

ybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.(A)A.selectedB.distinctiveC.signatureD.oddsAB.domesticati

onAC.decidedAD.individualsBC.tamestBD.conflictedCD.mixedABC.developIfyouseeahousecat,the_____41_____arehighthatitwillhavewhitepaws,alookt

hatmanyownersaffectionatelycall“socks."Butsocksarerarelyseeninwildcats,theelusiveandundomesticatedcousinofthehous

ecat,sowhydosomanypetcatssportfurrywhitefeet?Asitturnsout,thisstorystartedabout10,000yearsago,whenhumansandcats_____42_____

lifewasbettertogether.This_____43_____eventuallyledtouber-prevalentsocksoncats,aswellasotherwell-knowncoatpatterns,

saidLeslieLyons,professoremeritaandheadoftheFelineGeneticsLaboratoryattheUniversityofMissouriCollegeofVeterinary

Medicine.“Ashumansbecamefarmersandstartedstayinginoneplace,theyhadgrainstoresandwastepiles”thatattractedrodents,Lyonssaid

.Itwasamutuallybeneficialarrangement:thehumanshadfewerrodentstodealwithandthecatsgotaneasymeal.Thewild,undomesticatedancestorspeciesofhousecats,Feli

ssilvestris,livesinAfricaandEurasia.Thesefelinesaretastysnacksaskittensandstealthypredatorsasadults,so

_____44_____bornwithacoatthatofferscamouflage(保护色)havetendedtosurviveandreproduce.ButnoteveryF.silvestiisisbornwithacoatthatble

ndsintoitshabitat."Geneticmutationsareoccurringallthetime.”Lyonssaid.Thereisn'tmuchevidencetoindicatewhyearlyc

atpeoplechosetheindividualstheydid,butLyonssaidtherangeofcoatsseenonmoderndomesticcatsshowsthatouragrarianancest

orsfavoredcatswithmarkingsthatwouldhave_____45_____withtheircamouflage.Initsnativemixedforestorscrubdesertenvironment,acatwithstarkwhitepawsw

ouldhavestoodouttopredatorsandprey.Whenhumansstartedtakinganinterestincats,thesewhitepawswouldhavestoodouttothem,too.“Therewerepro

bablypeoplesaying,‘Iparticularlylikethatkittenbecauseithaswhitefeet.Let'smakesureitsurvives,Lyonssaid

.Humansprobablyalso_____46_____catswhowerecalmandcomfortablearoundhumans,Lyonssaid.Behavioraltraitsseemunrelatedtocoatcolor,butforrea

sonsthatscientistsdon'tfullyunderstand,whitespotstendtoappearwhenthe_____47_____individualsareselectedandbred.

These_____48_____furcolorsandmarkingsemergewhileacatembryoisdeveloping.Thecellsthatgivecatfuritscolorfirstappearasne

uralcrestcells,whicharelocatedalongwhatwillbecometheback,Lyonssaid.Then,thosecellsslowlymigratedownan

daroundthebody.Ifthosewavesofcellsmovefarenoughtomeeteachotheronthecat'sfrontside,theembryowillbebornasolid-coloredkitten,suchasan

all-blackorall-orangecat.Felines_____49_____whitefeet,faces,chestsandbellieswhenthesecellsdon'tquitemakeitalltheway.So,thenextt

imeyouseeakittywearingwhitesocks,you'llknowthatthis_____50_____featureisaresultofgeneticmutations,domesticationanddevelopme

ntalbiology.Althoughifyoutrytellingthecatthat,itwillprobablyjustlookatyouquizzicallybeforesaunteringaway.(B)A.initia

llyB.formedC.societiesD.mapAB.officiallyAC.constructedAD.potentiallyBC.investigateBD.perspective.CD.boundariesABC.considerationConstr

uctionoftheworld'slargestradioastronomyobservatory,theSquareKilometreArray,has_____51_____beguninAustraliaafterthre

edecadesindevelopment.Ahugeintergovernmentaleffort,theSKAhasbeenhailedasoneofthebiggestscientificprojectsofthiscentury.Itwi

llenablescientiststolookbacktoearlyinthehistoryoftheuniversewhenthefirststarsandgalaxieswere_____52_____.Itwillals

obeusedto_____53_____darkenergyandwhytheuniverseisexpanding,andto_____54_____searchforextraterrestriallife.TheS

KAwill_____55_____involvetwotelescopearrays---oneonWajarricountryinremoteWesternAustralia,calledSKA-Low,comprising131,072tree-likeantennas.SKA-

Lowissonamedforitssensitivitytolow-frequencyradiosignals.Itwillbeeighttimesassensitivethanexistingcomparab

letelescopesandwill_____56_____thesky135timesfaster.Asecondarrayof197traditionaldishes,SKA-Mid,willbebuiltinSouthAfrica'sK

arooregion.DrSarahPearce,SKA-Low'sdirector,saidtheobservatorywould"definethenextfiftyyearsforradioast

ronomy,chartingthebirthanddeathofgalaxies,searchingfornewtypesofgravitationalwavesandexpandingthe_____57____

_ofwhatweknowabouttheuniverse'1.Sheadded:"TheSKAtelescopeswillbesensitiveenoughtodetectanairportradaronaplanetci

rclingastartensoflightyearsaway,somayevenanswerthebiggestquestionofall:arewealoneintheuniverse?"TheSKAhasbeendescribedbyscientistsasagamechanger

andamajormilestoneinastronomyresearch."ToputthesensitivityoftheSKAinto_____58_____,itcoulddetectamobilephoneinthepocketof

anastronautonMars,225mkilometresaway,”saidDrDannyPrice,aseniorpostdoctoralfellowattheCurtinInstituteofRadioAstronomy."More

excitingly,ifthereareintelligent_____59_____onnearbystarswithtechnologysimilartoours,theSKAcoulddetecttheaggregate'lea

kage'radiationfromtheirradioandtelecommunicationnetworks~thefirsttelescopesensitiveenoughtoachievethisfeat."ProfAl

anDuffy,directorofthespacetechnologyandindustryinstituteattheSwinburneUniversityofTechnology,saidtheSKAwouldprobablybethelargesttele

scope_____60,_____,"connectingacrosscontinentstocreateaworld-spanningfacilityallowingustoseeessentiallyacrosstheentireobservableuniverse".III.Rea

dingComprehension(15'+22'+8‘)SectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwithth

ewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.TheeconomiccaseforregiftingDespiteitspleasures,giftgivingcanbeproblematic.ArecipientwantsitemsAandB(say,ahata

ndgloves)yetreceivesitemsCandD(say,ascarfandmittens).AnotherrecipientwantsCandD,yetreceivesAandB.The_____61_____

seemssimple:Thetworecipientscansimplypassalongthegiftstheyreceivedtoeachother.The_____62_____however,ismorec

omplex.PeopleinastudypublishedintheJournalofConsumerBehaviour,forinstance,usedsuchwordsasguilty,lazy,thoughtlessa

nddisrespectfulindescribingtheir_____63_____aboutregifting.Popularculturecastsitastaboo,aswell.Gettingstuckwithgiftswed

onotwantisnosmallproblem.ConsiderthattheNationalRetailFederationcalculatedthattheaverageholiday-season______64_____intheU.S.lastyearspentmoreth

an$1,000ongifts.Inasurveyacross14countriesinEurope,meanwhile,1in7saidtheywereunhappywithwhattheyreceivedforChristmas,yetmorethanhalfsimplykeptthegi

fts.Whycan'tmoregiftsbepassedalongtopeoplewho_____65_____them?OurresearchwithFrancisJ.Flynn,aprofessoroforganizationalbehavioratStanfordUnive

rsity'sGraduateSchoolofBusiness,suggeststheshameassociatedwithregiftingislargely_____66_____.Indeed,ourresearchconsistentlytells

usthatpeopleoverestimatethenegativeconsequences.Weconductedastudyinwhichweaskedpeopletoimaginethemselveseitherasa"giver,”whogivessomeoneagif

tcardandlater_____67_____ithasbeenregifted;orasa"regifter,"onewhoreceivesthegiftandgivesittosomeoneelse.Thelattergroupsawmoreoffens

e.Regifterstendedtoassumetheoriginalgiverswouldbe_____68_____whentheyfoundout.Thegeneral_____69_____oftheoriginalgivers,however,was:It'syourgift,d

owhatyouwantwithit.”Next,wetriedtoshedlightonjusthowserioustheperceivedoffenseis.Weaskedtwogroup—againgiversan

dregifters—to______70_____regiftingahypothetical（假设的）wristwatchwiththrowingitinthetrash.Fortheoriginalgivers,regiftingthewatchwasamuchlessoffe

nsiveactthantrashingit.Theregifters,however,_____71_____assumedthatthegiverswouldfindbothequallyoffens

ive.Finally,giventhatthefearedoffenselooksmoreimaginedthanreal,weturnedourattentiontohowpeoplemightbe_____72__

___tobreakthistaboo.Forthispartofourresearch,weinvitedtoourlabatStanfordpeoplewhohadrecentlyreceivedpresentsanddivi

dedthepeopleintotwogroups.Whenwegavethefirstgroupanopportunityto_____73_____thatpresent,9%didso.Whenwegavethesecondgroupthesameopportu

nity,weaddedthatitwas'"NationalRegiftingDay,”areal______74_____thathappenseachyearontheThursdaybeforeChri

stmas.Itwasn'treallyNationalRegiftingDay,butthegroupdidn'tknowthat:30%ofthemagreedtoregift.Everyonehasreceivedb

adgiftsintheirlives,andwegenerallyacceptthatwewillreceivemoreinthefuture.Yetforsomereason,webelievethatwegiveonlygoodgifts.Ourresearchoffersa

simplesolutiontotheproblemof_____75_____gifts.Thisholidayseason,considerregifting,andencouragepeoplewhoreceiveyourgiftstodothesameifwh

atyougivethemisn'tquitewhattheyhopefor.61.A.resultB.cycle.C.trickD.solution62.A.causeB.psychologyC.science.D.theory63.A.feelings

B.ideasC.trick.D.evaluations64.A.citizenB.retailerC.shopperD.foreigner65.A.refuseB.appreciateC.envyD.collect66.A.perceivedB.ignoredC.unjustifiedD.

immeasurable67.A.learnsB.suspectsC.complainsD.imagines68.A.praisedB.hurtC.hatefulD.grateful69.A.mottoB.codeC.

principleD.attitude70.A.replaceB.connectC.compareD.exchange71.A.desperatelyB.voluntarilyC.responsiblyD.

wrongly72.A.encouragedB.pushedC.challengedD.forced73.A.hideB.sellC.regiftD.decline74.A.ceremonyB.celebrationC.dayD.event75.A.unpopularB.unwan

tedC.expensiveD.meaninglessSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.F

oreachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhave

justread.(A)JailbreakingcommonlyreferstounlockingiOSforiPhonesandiPads.Seventeen-year-oldGeorgeHotz,orgeohotashelikedtobecalled,wasthefirstpersontoj

ailbreakaniPhone.Heaccomplishedhisfeatin2007,andmanyothersfollowedhislead.JailbreakinganiPhoneofferssomedistinctbenefits.Withajail

brokeniPhone,youhavenumerouswaystochangeanysettingtosuityourneeds.Youcanalsoalterthelookandfeelofthephonesothatitmatche

syourpersonality.AnotheradvantageofjailbreakingforiPhoneusersistheabilitytoinstallappsnotofferedinApple'sAppStore.Cydia

,analternativeappstoreforjailbrokeniOSdevices,offersavarietyofapps,someofwhichcostmorethanothers.BeforejailbreakingyouriPhone,youshouldconsiderthe

consequences.Jailbreakingimmediatelyvoids(使无效)youriPhone'swarranty,whichmeansthatAppleisnolongerrequiredtofixyourphoneifsomethi

nggoeswrong.Jailbreakingalsoexposesyoutothedangersassociatedwithalternativeapps.Poorqualityappsfromalternativeappstoresmaycausey

ouriPhonetocrashmoreoftenorstopworkingaltogether.AfterjailbreakingyouriPhone,youmustalsobecarefulnottoallowAppletoinstalln

ewsoftwareonyourphone.ApplenaturallydiscouragesitscustomersfromjailbreakingtheiriPhones.Accordingtothecompany,jailbreak

ingdoesn'tjustaffectthesecurityandstabilityofaniPhone.Itcanalsoshortenthephone'sbatterylife.Formanypeople,thisisanimportantconsideration.76.Which

aspectsofjailbreakingdoesthearticlediscuss?A.ThewaysinwhichjailbreakingcansavepeopletimeB.Thepositivesandnegative

sassociatedwithjailbreakingC.TheclientswhogotintolegaltroubleforjailbreakingD.Thebestandworsttechniquesforjailbreakingphones77.Whatdoes

thearticleimplyaboutthefirstpersontojailbreakaniPhone?A.Heapologizedforhisactions.B.Heproducedhardwaredesigns.C.Hegavehi

mselfanickname.D.Hewasturneddownforajob.78.Fromthisarticle,whatcanreaderslearnabouttheproductsofferedbyCydia?A.T

heirpricesvarysomewhat.B.Theirinventorsarequiteyoung.C.They'restillmanufacturedabroad.D.Theytakeonlyafe

wmomentstoinstall.79.AccordingtoApple,whatmighthappenafterapersonjailbreakshisorheriPhone?A.Itmightneedanewcamerastand.B.Itmightb

ecomehardertosell.C.Itmightbeeasilydamagedbywater.D.Itmightuseupitsbatteryfaster.(B)VanuatuisanislandnationintheSouthPacific.Itisal

sooneofthesmallestcountriesintheworld.Butforthoseinterestedinadventureandsport,thereisalottodo.Someofthebest

snorkeling(浮湖)canbefoundhere.Vanuatu'sislandsalsooffervisitorstwoofthemostexcitinganddangerousactivitiesint

heworld:volcanosurfingandlanddiving.VolcanoSurfingOnTannaIsland,MountYasurrises300meters(1,000feet)intothesky.ItisknownastheLighthouseofthePacificbe

causeofitsregulareruptionsforhundredsofyears.Forcenturies,bothislandlocalsandvisitorshaveclimbedthismountaintovi

sitthetop.SomevisitorsfindYasurterrifying;otherscautivating.Photographersarebesidethemselvesattheopportunitytomakestunningartworkfromsuchasp

ecialpoint.Recently,peoplehavealsostartedclimbingYasurtosurfthevolcano.Insomeways,volcanosurfing,alsocommonlyknow

nasashboarding,islikesurfinginthesea,butinotherwaysit’sverydifferent.ItwasinventedbyanadventurerjournalistnamedZoltanIstvan,whileonatriptoVanuatu

Islandsin2002.Volcanosurfingisconsideredasanextremesportandtherearenotmanypracticingit.Avolcanosurfer'sgoalist

oescapetheeruptingvolcanowithoutgettinghitbyflyingrocks!Ridershikeupthevolcanoandslidedown,sittingorstanding,onathinplywoodormetalboar

d.It'sfast,fun,anddangerous—theperfectextremesport.LandDivingMostpeoplearefamiliarwithbungeejumping,butdidyouknowbungeejumpingstartedonPe

ntecostIslandinVanuatuandisalmostfifteencenturiesold?Theoriginalactivity,calledlanddiving,ispartofareligiousceremony.Amantiestree

vines(藤)tohislegs.Hethenjumpsheadfirstfromahightower.Itoriginatedasarite(仪式)ofpassageforyoungmentryingtoprovetheirmanhood.Theideaisto

jumpfromashighaspossible,andtolandasclosetothegroundaspossible.Itisalsoaharvestritual.Theislandersbelievethehigherthejumpersdive,thehigherthecropswi

llgrow.Everyspring,islandnatives(menonly)stillperformthisamazingtestofstrength.80.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Mo

untYasurisalighttoweronthePacificOcean.B.Thehistoryofvolcanosurfingdatesbackcenturies.C.Bungeejumpinggrewouto

flanddiving.D.LanddivingcametoVanuatufromanothercountry.81.Theunderlinedwordcaptivatingisclosestinmeaningto_______.A.distre

ssingB.charmingC.disappointingD.relieving82.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthispassage?A.UntouchedBeauty:VAN

UATUB.VolcanoAdventure:VANUATUC.ExtremeDestination:VANUATUD.PreservedCulture:VANUATU(C)ThewateroffthecoastofnorthwestGreenlandisaglass-

likecalm,butthepuddles(水坑)ontheregion'sicebergsareasignthatatransformationisunderwayhigherontheicesheet.Severaldaysofunusuallyw

armweatherinnorthernGreenlandhavecausedrapidmelting,madevisiblebytheriversofmeltwaterrushingintotheocea

n.Temperatureshavebeenrunningaround60degreesFahrenheit—10degreeswarmerthannormalforthistimeofyear,scien

tistssaid.TheamountoficethatmeltedinGreenlandbetweenJuly15and17thisyearalone—6billiontonsofwaterperday~~wouldbeenoughtofill7.2millionOlympic-sizeds

wimmingpools,accordingtodatafromtheUSNationalSnowandIceDataCenter,Eachsummer,scientistsworrythattheywillseearepeatofthereco

rdmeltingthatoccurredin2019,when532billiontonsoficeflowedoutintothesea.AnunexpectedlyhotspringandaJul

yheatwavethatyearcausedalmosttheentireicesheet'ssurfacetomelt.Globalsealevelrosepermanentlyby1.5millimetersasaresult.Greenlandholdsenoughice一

ifitallmelted一toliftsealevelby7.5metersaroundtheworld.ThelatestresearchpointstoamoreandmorethreateningsituationontheNorthernHemisphere'sicie

stisland.“Unprecedented"ratesofmeltinghavebeenobservedatthebottomoftheGreenlandicesheet,astudypublishedinFebru

aryfound,causedbyhugequantitiesofmeltwaterflowingdownfromthesurface.Thiswaterisparticularlyconcerningbe

causeitcandestabilizethesheetaboveitandcouldleadtoamassive,rapidlossofice.Andin2020,scientistsfoundthatGreenland'sicesheethadmeltedbeyondthepoin

tofnoreturn.TherateofmeltinginrecentyearsexceedsanythingGreenlandhasexperiencedinthelast12,000years,anotherstudyfound—andenoughtocausemeasurablec

hangeinthegravitationalfieldoverGreenland.AttheEastGreenlandIce-coreProject~orEastGRIP—researchcampinnorthwestGreenla

nd,theworkofscientiststounderstandtheimpactofclimatechangeisbeingaffectedbyclimatechangeitselfAslakGrinsted,aclimatescientistatthe

UniversityofCopenhagen'sNielsBohrInstitute,saidthattheyhavebeentryingtogetflightsintothecampbutthewarmthisdestabilizingthelandingsite.

Beforehuman-causedclimatechangekickedin,temperaturesnear32degreesFahrenheittherewereunheardof.Butsincethe1980s,thisregionhaswarmed

byaround1.5degreesFahrenheitperdecade—fourtimesfasterthantheglobalpace—makingitallthemorelikelythattemperatureswillcrossthemelt

ingpoint.83.Thepassageismainlywrittento_______.A.alertpeopletotherapidmeltingofGreenland'sicesheetB.arousep

eople'sawarenessofprotectingtheenvironmentofGreenlandC.informpeopleofthelargeamountoficeGreenlandholdsD.reve

altopeoplethecauseandeffectoftheriseinsealevel84.Whatdoes"atransformation”inthefirstparagraphreferto?A.Climatechange.B.Ariseinsealevel.C.Globalwarmi

ng.D.Themeltingofice.85.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheicethatmeltedin2019?A.Itrepeatedarecordmeltingoftheicesheetseveralyearsago.B.Itsamountwast

helargesteverandliftedsealevelpermanently.C.Itwasenoughtofill7.2millionOlympic-sizedswimmingpools.D.Itsmel

tingratewassorapidastoresultinanunexpectedlyhotspring.86.Itisimpliedinthepassagethat_______.A.climatechangeisar

esultofhumanactivitiesB.thestudyofclimatechangeisbeingmadeeasierC.themeltingofGreenland'sicesheetisreversibleD.temperaturesincrease1.5°Forsoe

achdecadegloballySectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsenten

cecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.TheyalsofoundcetaceansgainedandlostTSGsatarate2

.4timeshigherthaninothermammals.B.Ifthewhalegenewasinjectedintothehumanbody,couldhumansfightcancer?C.Somepeopledenyt

hatcetaceanscanincreaseTSGsfasterthanothermammals.D.Ifyouhavemorecellsthatmeansthatoneofthosecellshasanincreasedriskofbecoming

cancerous.AB.Incontrast,cetaceanshavemuchlowercancerratesthanmostothermammals.AC.Butwestillneedtolearnmoreaboutwhyandhowtheydi

dthis.CanWhalesAndDolphinsFightCancer?Whalesanddolphinshavebeenshowntobebetteratfightingcancerthanweare,andno

wwemaybeclosertounderstandingwhycetaceans(鲸目动物)doit.Cetaceansaregenerallytheoldestlivingmammals,andsomecetaceanshavereac

hedtheir200thbirthday.Theirsizemeanstheirbodiescontainfarmorecellsthanthehumanbody."_______87_______”saysDanielaTejada-MartinezattheA

ustralUniversityofChile.“So,ifyouarebigorlivelonger,youhavethousandsandmillionsofcellsthatcouldbecomeharmf

ul."_______88_______“There'sajokethatwhalesshouldbebornwithcancerandnotevenabletoexistbecausethey'rejusttoobig,”saysVincentLynchattheUniversityatB

uffalo,NewYork,hesaysthereisasupertrivialexplanationforhowwhalescanexist."Theyjustevolvedbettercancerprotectionmechanisms,"hesa

ys.______89_______Now,Tejada-Martinezandhercolleagueshavestudiedtheevolutionof1077tumorsuppressor(肿瘤抑制)genes(TSGs).Inall,theyco

mparedtheevolutionofthegenesin15mammalianspecies,includingsevencetaceanspecies,GenesregulatingDNAdamage,tu

morspreadandtheimmunesystemwerepositivelyselectedamongthecetaceans._______90_______“It'snotlikewe'regonnabetakingwhalegenesa

ndputtingthemintohumansandmakinghumanscancerresistant,”saysLynch."Butifyoucanfindthegenesthatplayaroleintumorsuppressioninotheranimals,andi

fyoucanfigureoutwhatthey'redoing,maybeyoucanmakeadrugthatcanbeusedtotreatpeople."第II卷IVGrammar(10+10)Directions:Afterreadingthepassa

gesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrectFortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperfarmofthegivenwo

rd;fartheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)WhenSteveBirkinshaw,theBritishfellrunning(越野路跑)champion,plannedhisrecord-breakingroutea

crossthe214peaksoftheLakeDistrict,ittookhimsixmonthsofpreparationandallhisyearsofexperiencetofigureout(91)_______hethoughtwastheperfectpat

h.NowtwophysicsstudentsfromtheUniversityofManchesterwhohadnevervisitedthemountainshaveproduceda(92)_______(short)routeusingacomputeralgor

ithm.MrBirkinshaw,52,aresearcheratNewcastleUniversitywholivesintheLakeDistrict,hashadanadmirablefellrunningcareer,includingbreakin

gthe72-year-oldrecordsetbyJossNaylor(93)_______climbingthe214peaksintheLakeDistrictinonlysixdaysand13hoursi

n2014.Hisrecordwasbeatenbysevenhoursin2019byPaulTierney,whofollowedBirkinshaw'scarefullymappedrouteover512kmand36,000mofcli

mbing.MrBirkinshaw,whoadvisedthestudents,thought(94)_______wouldbeimpossibletoimprovetheroutewithacomputer,"butthey(95)_

______(prove)mewrong",hesaid.“Theproblemisyouchangeonethingintherouteandit'sadominoeffectandeverythingelsechanges.Iwouldhavetospendtwo

tothreehoursaweekforsixmonths(96)_______(redraw)therouteonacomputertoworkouthowlongaslightadjustmentwo

uldchangethetime(97)_______nowtheyhavethealgorithmstheycanputinallthepeaksandfindoutinstantly?”Tofigureouttheirroute,thepair

usedsatelliteimagingdataofthearea,with(98)_______complexdatafunctionswerecoupledtodescribehowfestpeoplecanmovealongdifferentroutes.Thisallowedthemtow

orkouttheenergycostsofmovingbetweeneachpeak.They(99)_______(feed)allthatinformationintoanoff-the-shelfsolverforthetravellingsalesm

anproblem,aclassiccomputationalscienceproblemforfindingoutthefastestdeliveryroutesalongroadnetworks.Theirachievementopensuppossibilit

iestoupdaterunningrecordsand(100)_______onedayhelptodeliveraidinbadlymappedareasoftheworld.(B)SkyKurtz

farmsinthedesert.Theco-fbunderandCEOofPureHarvestSmartFarms—(101)_______(locate)outsideAbuDhabi,wheretemperaturesregularlytop113°F—andhisteamusethe

challengingenvironstotrialnewcropsandtechnologiesthathavethepotentialtochangefarminginclimate-challengedareas.PureHarvestalsopr

ovidesproducetosupermarketsandrestaurantsinDubaiandacrosstheregion(102)_______(use)lesswater,whichisimportantinoneofthemostaridregionsoftheworld

.KurtzfoundedPureHarvestSmartFannsin2017withhisco-foundersMahmoudAdiandRobertKupstas.Passionateaboutfoodinsecurity,theyspentt

hefirstyearstudyinghigh-techfood-productionsystemsaroundtheworld,(103)_______searchingfortheoptimalsitefortheirfirstfarm.Kurtz'

sfarmsintheUAEstartedoutwith"(104)_______butaPowerPoint,apileofdirt,andthepromiseofwhatwewoulddo,”saysKurtz.ButPureHarvestquicklyproveditwasb

uiltonmorethanapromise.Thefounders'researchandtechnologicalinnovationledtothedevelopmentofaproprietary(专利的)Contro

lled-EnvironmentAgriculture(CEA)systemacombinationofhigh-techgreenhousesandverticalfarmsthat(105)_______(provide)astableyear-round

climate.ThefirstcropoftomatoeswasplantedinAugust2018andharvestedinOctober.Thecompany'soriginalfarmisnowitsR&Dfacility,andPureHarvesthasexpande

ditsfacilitiesintheUAEto16hectaresofgrowingarea.Italsooperatesa6-hectarefarminSaudiArabia,andisdevelopinga6-hectarefarminKuwait.Itnowproduces1

4typesofleafygreens;twovarietiesofstrawberries,withsevenmore(106)_______(develop);andalmost30varietiesoftomatoes,theproductthat

starteditall.Withlimitedavailabilityoflocal,seasonalproduce,theUAEhastypicallyimportedmuchofitsfood,oftenair-freighted,(10

7)_______comesatahighcost,botheconomicallyandenvironmentally.Andwhiletheyaremoreexpensivecomparedwithlocallygrownseasonalproduce,th

ecompanysaysitsfruitandvegetablesaretypicallyupto60%cheaperthanair-freightedimportsofcomparablequality."Ithinkwe'vefundamentallychangedabelief

systemthatsaidlocalis(108)_______(bad)."saysKurtz.TheirvisionfitsinwithalargerobjectiveforDubaitobecomemoreself-sufficient.Thefocus

isnotjustongrowingforpremiummarketsbutalsodevelopingaffordablesolutions(109)_______(help)democratizeaccesstofreshfood.Kurtzhopesthecompany'sda

ta-driventechnologycanbecomeamodelforotherregionsthatareexperiencingclimatestress.“Webelievethatwecandevelopalocal-for-localsolution(110

)_______it’sneededmost,andwe'vebattle-testedthatcapabilityinoneoftheharshestenvironmentsintheworld."hesays.VTranslation(3

'+3'+4'+4'+6'=20‘)Directions:TranslatethefallowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthe-wordsgiveninthebrackets.111.ChatGTP一上市就

在学术界引发了热议。(arouse)112.毕业在即，我认识到唯有不断学习、努力奋斗才会让梦想成真。(approach)113.王阿姨刚要开电视，门铃响了，原来是儿子送给她的妇女节鲜花到了。(Scarcely)114.这家公司成功地将数码技术融入鞋子设计之

中，目前广受年轻消费者欢迎。(Having...)115.这位刚毕业的年轻外科医生全心全意地投入到事业之中，不断追求卓越，所以同事们都寄予他厚望。(pursue)参考答案SectionB(A)41.D.42.AC.43.AB.44.

AD.45.CD46.A.47.BC48.B.49.ABC50.C(B)51.AB.52.B.53.BC.54.AD.55.A.56.D57.CD.58.ABC.59.C.60.BDIII.SectionA61-65DBACB.66

-70CABDC.71-75BBCCB(A)76.B.77.C.78.A79.D(B)80.C.81.B.82.B(C)83.A.84.D.85.B.86.A(D).87.D88.AB.89.AC90.A