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北师大实验中学2023-2024学年度第二学期期中试卷高一年级英语考生须知1.本试卷共13页,共4道大题,81道小题;答题纸共2页。满分120分。考试时间100分钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写班级、姓名、学号。3.试卷答案一律填写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题须用2B铅
笔将选中项涂黑涂满,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。第一部分完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。In2008,CalvinLowe’sfour-
year-oldsonTylerneededtohaveaseriousoperation.Ontheappointeddayoftheoperation,heandhiswifebroughtTylertoCh
ildren’sHospitalColoradoinDenver.“Aswesatinthewaitingroom,waitingforsomeonetocallusbacktotheoperationarea,therewasalotof___1___inourhearts,”Lowerem
embered.Whenanursecalledthefamilyback,Lowe’sfears___2___.Ayoungdoctorwalkedintotheroomandtoldthecouplet
hathewouldbe___3___theoperation.Asthedoctorbeganto___4___howtheoperationwouldproceed(进行),Lowe’smindw
enttotheworstpossible___5___.Butthenthedoctordidsomething___6___.HelookedbothLoweandhiswifeintheeye,puta___7___handoneachoft
heirshoulders,andsaid,“Today,yoursonismyson.”Aftertheoperationwasover,thedoctorcamebackouttothefamilywithabigsmileandsaid,“Oursonisjust
fine,andyoucanseehimhereinafewminutes.”Tylerisnow19yearsoldandhopestobecomeaprofessionalphotographer.Alltheseyear
saftertheoperation,Lowestillthinksabouttheyoungdoctor’skindness.“Iwillneverforgetthat,”Lowesaid.“Becaus
ethatwasindeeda___8___ofstressthen.Ican’ttellyouhow___9___webothwereforwhathesaidtousthatday.Itwasvery____10____andmeaningful.”1.A.shoc
kB.anxietyC.sadnessD.anger2.A.fadedB.grewC.appearedD.stopped3.A.receivingB.recordingC.performingD.missing4.A.learnB.discoverC.guessD.explai
n5.A.choiceB.reactionC.wayD.result6.A.unexpectedB.confusingC.necessaryD.excellent7.A.balancingB.leadingC.comfortingD.directing8.A.reliefB.reminderC.
secretD.resource9.A.eagerB.proudC.gratefulD.regretful10.A.helpfulB.successfulC.educationalD.typical【答案】1.B2.B3.C4.D5
.D6.A7.C8.A9.C10.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了2008年,卡尔文·洛四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术,在他和妻子感到紧张和不安的时候,医生说会把他们的儿子当做自己的儿子,这安慰到了他们,缓解了当时紧张的情绪,卡尔文·洛十分感激。【1题详解
】考查名词词义辨析。句意:“当我们坐在候诊室里,等着有人叫我们回手术室的时候,我们的心里充满了焦虑,”洛回忆道。A.shock震惊;B.anxiety焦虑;C.sadness悲伤;D.anger愤怒。根据上文“In2008,CalvinLowe’sfour-year-oldsonTy
lerneededtohaveaseriousoperation.(2008年,卡尔文·洛四岁的儿子泰勒需要做一次严重的手术)”可知,儿子在做手术,因此父母是感到焦虑。故选B。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当一名护士把这家人叫回来时,洛的
恐惧越来越大。A.faded褪色;B.grew生长,增加;C.appeared出现;D.stopped停止。根据上文“Whenanursecalledthefamilyback,Lowe’sfears”可知,家人被叫回去,因此对儿
子手术结果的恐惧增大了。故选B。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:一位年轻的医生走进房间,告诉这对夫妇他将做这场手术。A.receiving收到;B.recording记录;C.performing表演,执行;D.missing错过。根
据后文“howthesurgerywouldproceed”可知,这名医生是执行手术的人。故选C。【4题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当医生开始解释手术将如何进行时,洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果。A.learn学习;B.discover发现;C.guess猜测
;D.explain解释。根据后文“howthesurgerywouldproceed”可知,医生开始解释手术将如何进行。故选D。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当医生开始解释手术将如何进行时,洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结
果。A.choice选择;B.reaction反应;C.way方法;D.result结果。根据上文“Lowe’smindwenttotheworstpossible”可知,随着医生的解释,洛的脑子里想到了最坏的可能结果。故选D。【6题详解
】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是后来医生做了一件意想不到的事。A.unexpected意外的;B.confusing令人困惑的;C.necessary必要的;D.excellent出色的。根据后文“H
elookedbothLoweandhiswifeintheeye,puta___7___handoneachoftheirshoulders,andsaid,“Today,yoursonismyson.””可
知,医生用行为和话语出乎意外地安慰了他们。故选A。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他看着洛和他的妻子的眼睛,把一只安慰的手放在他们的肩膀上,说:“今天,你的儿子就是我的儿子。”A.balancing平衡;B.leading带领;C.comforting安慰;D.dire
cting指导。根据后文“handoneachoftheirshoulders,andsaid,“Today,yoursonismyson.””可知医生的行为和话安慰了这对夫妻。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为那确实减轻了当时的压力。A.r
elief宽慰;B.reminder提醒物;C.secret秘密;D.resource资源。根据后文“andmeaningful”可知,医生安慰的话语减轻了他们当时的压力,短语areliefofstre
ss表示“缓解压力”。故选A。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我无法表达我们对他那天对我们说的话有多感激。A.eager渴望的;B.proud骄傲的;C.grateful感谢的;D.regretful后悔的。根据上文可知,医生的
话缓解了他们压力和不安,所以夫妇俩感激医生。故选C。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这很有帮助,也很有意义。A.helpful有帮助的;B.successful成功的;C.educational教
育的;D.typical典型的。根据后文后文“andmeaningful”以及上文提到医生的话缓解了他们的压力,所以是有帮助的。故选A。第二部分阅读理解(共40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,在答题卡上将
该项涂黑。ALonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastisyourpassporttothemostrelevant,up-to-dateadviceonwhattoseeandskip,andwhathiddendis
coveriesawaityou.WanderatthemightyPyramidsofGiza,thelastsurvivingancientwonder;watchthesunsetoverthemagicofP
etra;andexploretree-linedavenueanddelicatemosques(清真寺)inEsfahan,Iran.Allwithyourtrustedtravelcompanion.Gettothehearto
fMiddleEastandbeginyourjourneynow!InsideLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast:●Colourmapsandimagesthroughout●Insidertipstosavetimeandmo
neyandgetaroundlikealocal,avoidingcrowdsandtroublespots●Essentialinfoatyourfingertips—hoursofoperation,phonenumbers,websites,transittips.prices●Hon
estreviewsforallbudgets—eating,sleeping,sightseeing,goingout,shopping,hiddengems(精品)hatmostguidebooksmiss●Culturali
nsightsprovidearicher,morerewardingtravelexperience—coveringhistory,people,music,landscapes,wildlife,cuisine,politicsCover
ageIncludes:Egypt,Iraq,Israel,thePalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,TurkeyBookDetailsISBN:9781786570710Writers:AnthonyHam,PaulClammer,Orlan
doCrowcroft,MarkElliott,AnitaIsalska,JessicaLee,VirginiaMaxwell,SimonRichmond,DanielRobinson,AnthonySattin,DanSaveryRaz,AndySymington,JennyWalk
er,SteveWaters608pages,256ppcolor,90maps|Dimensions:128mm×197mmNexteditiondue:Dec202411.WhatinformationcanreadersgetfromL
onelyPlanet’sMiddleEast?A.Black-and-whitemaps.B.Recommendationofpopularguidebooks.C.Famouswriters’culturalinsights.
D.Reviewsforallbudgets.12.WhatplacesdoesLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastcover?A.JordanandSyria.B.LebanonandFrance.C.TurkeyandJapan
.D.IsraelandNorway.13.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducesomefamousattractionsinMiddleEast.B.ToappealtoustotraveltoM
iddleEast.C.TorecommendabooknamedMiddleEast.D.TostresstheimportanceoftravelinginMiddleEast.【答案】11.D12.A13.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了MiddleEast这本
书的一些具体信息。【11题详解】细节理解题。InsideLonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast这一部分中第四点“Honestreviewsforallbudgets—eating,sleeping,sightseeing,goingout,s
hopping,hiddengems(精品)hatmostguidebooksmiss(对所有预算的诚实评论——吃饭、睡觉、观光、外出、购物、大多数指南书都遗漏的隐藏的精品)”可知,MiddleEast这本
书可以给读者提供前往中东的预算信息。故选D。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第六段“CoverageIncludes:Egypt,Iraq,Israel,thePalestinianTerritories,Jordan,Lebanon,Syria,Turkey(覆盖范围包括:埃
及,伊拉克,以色列,巴勒斯坦领土,约旦,黎巴嫩,叙利亚,土耳其)”可知,这本书包括约旦和叙利亚。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一句“LonelyPlanet’sMiddleEastisyourpassporttothemostrelevant,up-to-dateadviceonw
hattoseeandskip,andwhathiddendiscoveriesawaityou(LonelyPlanet’sMiddleEast是您获取最相关、最新建议的通行证,为你提供最相关、最新的建议,告诉你该看什么、不看什
么,以及有什么隐藏的发现等着你)”可推知,本文是在介绍MiddleEast这本书。故选C。BRitaMorenoisoneoftheveryfewperformerstoEGOT:towinanEmmy,aGram
my,anOscarandaTonyaward.Butcomealittlecloser,andMoreno’sisanotherkindofimmigrant(移民的)story.ShewasateenwhenMGM(米高梅电影公司)signedherinthe1950s.Majo
rstudioswerestilldominatedbythemenwho’drunthemfordecades.Theyhadherchangehername.Whilerecognizinghertalent,theydidn’tknowwhattodowithaLatingirl
.Morenoplayedsmallparts,includingagirlfromIndiaandaBurmese(缅甸的)woman.WhatshouldhavebeenherbigbreakcamewhenshewascastasAnita
inWestSideStory.She’drememberAnitaas“theveryfirstHispanic(西班牙的)characterIhadeverplayedwhohaddignity,asenseofself-respect.Shebecamemyr
olemodel.”ThenightMorenowontheOscar,theHispaniccommunityacrosstheUSAbrokeoutintocheers.Butthatcareerturndidn’
thappen.Instead,shereceivedmoreofferstoplaywhatshedescribedas“duskyservants”.Theracialandethnicprejudicewasstillatplay.“I
tbrokemyheart,”shesays.RitaMorenodidn’tmakeanothermovieforsevenyears.Thenbeganhernewact.Holdingtohermother’sphil
osophy—Nevergivein,neverquit,keeponmoving—shesurvivedprofessionallyduringthoseyearswithworkontheLondonstageandinnightclubs
,slowlyreemergingonfilmandtelevision,andeventuallysheearnedherselfastarontheHollywoodWalkofFameandthePeab
odyCareerAchievementAward.Butevenasshecontinuestoperform,herworkcontinuesoffthescreen,speakingoutforandrepresentingtheLatincommunity.“I’mnowkno
wnaslapionera,orthepioneer,”Morenosays.“Ireallydon’tthinkofmyselfasarolemodel.ButitturnsoutthatIam,toalotoftheHispaniccommunity.Notjust
inshowbusiness,butinlife.Butthat’swhathappenswhenyou’refirst,right?”14.WhatdoweknowaboutMorenoinParagraph2?A.Shewasanactresscontr
actedwithMGM.B.Shehadherfuturewell-plannedforhertalent.C.ShewastreatedasaHispanicgirlwithdignity.D.ShewontheOscarforactingaBurmesewoman.15.Whydidn
’tMorenomakemoviesforsevenyearsafterwinningtheOscar?A.Shedidnotreceiveanyfilmoffers.B.Sherejectedrolesofracialprejudice.C.Shewastiredofp
erformingonthestage.D.Shefocusedonherstagecareerinnightclubs.16.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMoreno?A.Generousandbrave.
B.Kindandgrateful.C.Honestandtrustworthy.D.Toughanddetermined.17.WhatcanwelearnfromMoreno’swordsinthelas
tparagraph?A.Shepreferstobearolemodelinshowbusiness.B.Sheisunhappywithwhathappenedtoanactress.C.Shemakesadiff
erencetotheHispaniccommunity.D.ShefeelspressuredaboutbeingaHispanicpioneer.【答案】14.A15.B16.D17.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应
用文。文章主要介绍了著名演员丽塔·莫雷诺的演艺之路和对社会的影响。【14题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“ShewasateenwhenMGM(米高梅电影公司)signedherinthe1950s.(2
0世纪50年代,当米高梅电影公司签下她时,她还是个十几岁的孩子)”可知,她是与米高梅电影公司签约的演员。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Instead,shereceivedmoreofferstoplaywhatshedescribedas“duskyse
rvants”.Theracialandethnicprejudicewasstillatplay.“Itbrokemyheart,”shesays.RitaMorenodidn’tmakeanothermovieforsevenyears.(
相反,她收到了更多的邀请,扮演她所说的“阴暗的仆人”。种族和民族偏见仍然存在。“这伤透了我的心,”她说。丽塔·莫雷诺有七年没有再拍电影了)”可知,莫雷诺在获得奥斯卡奖后的七年里都没有拍电影是因为她拒绝扮演种族偏见的角色。故选B
。【16题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Holdingtohermother’sphilosophy—Nevergivein,neverquit,keeponmoving—shesurvivedprofessionallyduringthoseyea
rswithworkontheLondonstageandinnightclubs,slowlyreemergingonfilmandtelevision,andeventuallysheearnedherselfastarontheHollywoodWalkofFameandthePeabody
CareerAchievementAward.(她坚持母亲的哲学——永不屈服,永不放弃,不断前进——那些年她在伦敦舞台和夜总会工作,慢慢地在电影和电视上重新出现,最终她在好莱坞星光大道上为自己赢得了一颗星星,
并获得了皮博迪职业成就奖)”可推知,她是一个坚韧而坚定的人。故选D。【17题详解】推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Butevenasshecontinuestoperform,herworkcontinuesoffth
escreen,speakingoutforandrepresentingtheLatincommunity.“I’mnowknownaslapionera,orthepioneer,”Morenosays.“Ireallydon’tth
inkofmyselfasarolemodel.ButitturnsoutthatIam,toalotoftheHispaniccommunity.Notjustinshowbusiness,butinlife.Butthat’swhathappens
whenyou’refirst,right?”(但即使她继续表演,她的工作也在银幕之外继续,为拉丁社区发声并代表拉丁社区。莫雷诺说:“我现在被称为先驱。“我真的不认为自己是一个榜样。但事实证明,对很多西班牙裔社区来说,我是这样的。不仅在演艺圈,在生活中也是如此。但这就是你第一
次做的事,对吧?”)”可推知,她对西班牙裔社区产生了影响。故选C。CNewresearchconfirmsthathumanfootprintsfoundinNewMexicoareprobablytheoldestdirectevi
denceofhumanpresenceintheAmericas,afindingthatupendswhatmanyscientistsknewabouthumanhabitationandmigration(迁徙).Thef
ootprintswerediscoveredattheedgeofanancientlakebedinWhiteSandsnationalpark.Accordingtothenewpaperpublishedin
thejournalScience,theydatebacktobetween21,000and23,000yearsago.Actually,theestimatedageofthefootprintswasfirstreport
edinSciencein2021,butsomeresearchersraisedconcernsaboutthedates.Questionsfocusedonwhetherseedsofwaterplantsusedfortheorigina
ldatingmayhaveabsorbedancientcarbonfromthelake—whichcould,intheory,throwoffradiocarbondating(碳14年代测定)byth
ousandsofyears.Butthenewstudypresentstwoadditionallinesofevidencefortheolderdaterange.Itusestwoentirely
differentmaterialsfoundatthesite,ancientpollen(花粉)andstonegrains.Thereportedageofthefootprintschallengestheonceconventionalwisdomthat
humansdidnotreachtheAmericasuntilafewthousandyearsbeforerisingsealevelscoveredtheBeringlandbridgebetweenRussiaandAla
ska,perhapsabout15,000yearsago.“Thisisasubjectthat’salwaysbeencontroversial(有争议)becauseit’s的sosignificant.It’sabouthowweunderstandthe
lastchapterofthepeoplingoftheworld,”saidThomasUrban,anarchaeologist(考古学家)atCornellUniversity,whowasinvolvedinthe2021studybutnotthene
wone.ThomasStafford,anindependentarchaeologicalgeologistinNewMexico,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saidhe“wasabitsuspicious(怀疑的)before”butnow
isconvinced.Thenewstudyisolatedabout75,000gramsofpurepollenfromthesamestonelayerthatcontainedthefootprints.“Datingpollenislaboriousbutworthwhile,”sa
idKathleenSpringer,aresearchgeologistattheUSGeologicalSurveyandaco-authorofthenewpaper.Ancientfootprintsofan
ykindcanprovidearchaeologistswithaquicklookofamomentintime.WhilesomearcheologicalsitesintheAmericaspointtosimilardateranges—includingneckl
acescarvedfromgiantanimalremainsinBrazil—scientistsstillquestionwhethersuchobjectsreallyindicatehumanpresence.“WhiteSandsisuniquebecau
sethere’snoquestionthesefootprintswereleftbypeople,”saidJenniferRaff,ascientistattheUniversityofKansas,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.18.Theun
derlinedword“upends”(Paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.supportsB.connectsC.challengesD.compares19.Accordingtothepassage,whatisspecialab
outthenewresearch?A.ItshowsthefootprintsweremadebytheRussians.B.Itoffersmoreconvincinglinesofevidencefordating.C.Itconfirmsthattheancien
thumansenjoyedlivingbythelake.D.Itrevealsthefootprintsaremuchyoungerthanpreviouslythought.20.Itcanbeinfe
rredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A.necklacesarevaluableobjectsforarchaeologiststodateanimalsB.humanfootprintsareoftensu
resignsofhumanpresenceC.ancientobjectsinBrazilarenotincludedinthestudyD.WhiteSandsisoneimportantarchaeologicals
ite21.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.HumansReachedAmericas15,000YearsEarlierThanBelievedB.AmericanArchaeologistsUnearthed
ValuableManmadeObjectsC.NewResearchConfirmsEarlyHumanPresenceinAmericasD.ScientistsDiscoversNewSpeciesofHumansinAmericas
【答案】18.C19.B20.B21.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新研究,这项研究提供了更令人信服的证据,证实美洲早期存在人类。【18题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段“Thereportedageofthef
ootprintschallengestheonceconventionalwisdomthathumansdidnotreachtheAmericasuntilafewthousandyearsbeforerisingsealevelscoveredtheBeringl
andbridgebetweenRussiaandAlaska,perhapsabout15,000yearsago.(据报道,这些脚印的年代对曾经的传统观点提出质疑,即人类直到几千年前才到达美洲,大约在15000年前,海平面上升覆盖了俄罗斯和阿拉斯加之间的白令陆桥)”可
知,这项发现对之前许多科学家对人类居住和迁徙的认识提出质疑,故划线词与challenges词义相近,意为“对……质疑”。故选C。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butthenewstudypresentstwoadditionallinesofevide
ncefortheolderdaterange.Itusestwoentirelydifferentmaterialsfoundatthesite,ancientpollen(花粉)andstonegrains.(但这项新研究为较老的日期范围提供了两条额外的证据。它使用了在
该遗址发现的两种完全不同的材料,古代花粉和石头颗粒)”可知,新研究为确定年代提供了更令人信服的证据。故选B。【20题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段““WhiteSandsisuniquebecausethere’snoquestionthesefootprintswereleftbypeopl
e,”saidJenniferRaff,ascientistattheUniversityofKansas,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.(堪萨斯大学的科学家詹妮弗·拉夫没有参与这项研究,她说:“WhiteSands是独一无二的,因为毫无疑问,这
些脚印是人类留下的。”)”可知,人类脚印往往是人类存在的可靠标志。故选B。【21题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“NewresearchconfirmsthathumanfootprintsfoundinNewMexico
areprobablytheoldestdirectevidenceofhumanpresenceintheAmericas,afindingthatupendswhatmanyscientistsknewabout
humanhabitationandmigration(迁徙).(新的研究证实,在新墨西哥州发现的人类足迹可能是美洲人类存在的最古老的直接证据,这一发现质疑了许多科学家对人类居住和迁徙的认识)”可知,文章主要介绍了这项新研究证实美洲早
期存在人类。C选项“新的研究证实了早期人类在美洲的存在”最符合文章标题。故选C。DWhenyouhear“Ihaveadream…”,oneofthemostfamousspeechesinhumanhistory,you’llneverhavetheideahowthe
audienceonthescenewerefueledbyemotionalintelligence.WhenMartinLutherKing.Jr.presentedhisdream,hechoselanguagethatwouldstirtheheartsofhisaudien
ce.Deliveringthiselectrifyingmessagerequiredemotionalintelligence—theabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageemoti
ons.Emotionalintelligencehasbeenhighlyrecommendedbyleaders,policymakers,andeducatorsasthesolutiontoawiderangeofso
cialproblems.Emotionalintelligenceisimportant,buttheuncontrolledenthusiasmhasobscured(掩盖)adarkside.Newevidenceshowsthatw
henpeoplesharpentheiremotionalskills,theybecomebetteratcontrollingothers.Whenyou’regoodatcontrollingyourownemot
ions,youcanhideyourtruefeelings.Whenyouknowwhatothersarefeeling,youcanmotivatethemtoactagainsttheirownbest
interests.Socialscientistshavebeguntodocumentthisdarksideofemotionalintelligence.InaresearchconductedbyProfessorJochenMengesfromUniversity
ofToronto,whenaleadergaveaninspiringspeechfilledwithemotion,theaudiencewaslesslikelytoexaminethemessagecloselyandrememberthecontent.Ironically
(讽刺的是),audiencemembersweresomovedbythespeechthattheyclaimedtorecallmoreofit.Theauthorscallthistheawe
struck(敬畏的)effect,butitmightjustaseasilybedescribedasthedumbstruckeffect.OneobserverreflectedthatHitler’spersuasiveimpactcame
fromhisabilitytostrategicallyexpressemotions—hewould“tearopenhisheart”—andtheseemotionsaffectedhisfo
llowerstothepointthattheywould“stopthinkingcriticallyandjustemote(激动地表达感情).”Leaderswhomasteremotionsc
anrobusofourabilitiestoreason.Iftheirvaluesareoutofstepwithourown,theresultscanbedestructive.Newevidencesuggeststhatwhenpeoplehaveselfishmot
ives,emotionalintelligencebecomesaweaponforcontrollingothers.Throwinglightonthisdarksideofemotionalintelligenceisonem
issionofaresearchteamledbyUniversityCollegeLondonprofessorMartinKilduff.Accordingtotheseexperts,emotionalintelligencehelpspeopledisguise(伪装)onesetofe
motionswhileexpressinganotherforpersonalgain.ProfessorKilduffsteamwrites,“Thestrategicdisguiseofone’sownemotionsa
ndthecontrollingofothers’emotionsforstrategicendsarebehaviorsevidentnotonlyonShakespeare’sstagebutalsointheofficesa
ndcorridorswherepowerandinfluencearetraded.”Ofcourse,peoplearen’talwaysusingemotionalintelligenceforevilends.Moreoftenthannot,highEQish
elpfulinmostaspectsofourlife.Emotionalintelligence—likeanyskill—canbeusedforgoodorevil.Sowhetheritisagiftoracurseliesinyo
urhand.22.WhydoestheauthormentionMartinLutherKing,Jr?A.Toadvocateasocietywithfewerproblems.B.Torecommend
hisspeechtootherleaders.C.Tohonorthegreatleaderforhiscourage.D.Tointroducethemajortopictoreaders.23.Whatisthedu
mbstruckeffectofHitler’semotionalintelligence?A.Hisfollowerswouldtearopentheirheartstohim.B.Hisfollower
swouldexpressemotionsstrategically.C.Hisfollowerswoulddeveloptheself-servingmotives.DHisfollowerswouldlosetheabilitytoreasonproperly.24.Howdo
peopleusetheiremotionalintelligenceforpersonalgain?A.Theydisguisetheirtrueemotionsandshowanotherone.B.Theypresenttheirstrategicbeh
aviorsonthestage.C.Theyhelptheircolleaguestobuildupconfidence.D.Theylowertheirowndignitytogainpopularity.25.Whatwouldbethebesttitlefor
thepassage?A.Thebenefitsofemotionalintelligence.B.Thereasonsforusingemotionalskills.C.Thedarksideofemotionalintelligen
ce.D.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofemotions.【答案】22.D23.D24.A25.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了什么是情商及情商的阴暗面。【22题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whe
nMartinLutherKing.Jr.presentedhisdream,hechoselanguagethatwouldstirtheheartsofhisaudience.Deliveringth
iselectrifyingmessagerequiredemotionalintelligence—theabilitytorecognize,understand,andmanageemotions.(当马丁·
路德·金在讲述他的梦想时,他选择了能够触动听众心弦的语言。传递这种激动人心的信息需要情商——即识别、理解和管理情绪的能力)”可知,马丁·路德·金的演讲就是运用了情商。而情商就是文章的主题,所以引用马丁·路德·金的例子就是引出主题。故选D。【23题详解】细节理解
题。根据第四段“OneobserverreflectedthatHitler’spersuasiveimpactcamefromhisabilitytostrategicallyexpressemotions—hewould“tearopenhishea
rt”—andtheseemotionsaffectedhisfollowerstothepointthattheywould“stopthinkingcriticallyandjustemote(激动地表
达感情).”(一位观察家反映,希特勒的说服力来自于他策略性地表达情绪的能力——他会“撕开自己的心”——这些情绪影响着他的追随者,以至于他们“停止批判性思考,只是情绪化”)”可知,希特勒的情商会让他的追随者失去理智。故选D。【
24题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Accordingtotheseexperts,emotionalintelligencehelpspeopledisguise(伪装)onesetofemotionswhileexpressinganotherforpe
rsonalgain.(根据这些专家的说法,情商可以帮助人们掩饰一种情绪,同时表达另一种情绪以获取个人利益)”可知,情商可以使人们掩饰他们自己的真实情感,展示另一种情感。故选A。.【25题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文,结合第三段“Socialscientistshavebeguntodoc
umentthisdarksideofemotionalintelligence.(社会科学家已经开始记录情商的黑暗面)”可知,文章前两段介绍什么是情商,从第三段开始主要介绍情商的阴暗面,并举例论证。所以本文主要讲的是情商的阴暗面,
故C选项“情商的黑暗面”是文章最佳标题。故选C。第二节七选五(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选。Humankindhastriedtoimproveitsstandardoflivingsincethe
verybeginningofcivilization(文明).Backthen,andtoday,providingfoodwasthebasictaskforaperson.____26____Peoplefeeltheneedfo
rnotonlysomeprimarythings,suchasbreadandshelters,butalsoforvariousfacilitiesandluxuries.Providinghuman
ity(人类)withthesethingsisconnectedtotheuseofnaturalresources,whichrequiresenergy.Inturn,thecommonsourc
esofenergyweusetodaycausepollution,soeconomicgrowthisalmostinevitablyconnectedwithenvironmentaldamage
.____27____Thefirstoftheseisthefactthatinordertoproducemoregoodsandproducts,atafasterrate,theconstructionoflarge
industrialplantsisrequired.Theseplantsproducealotofwaste,whichmaycausenegativelong-termhealtheffectstonearbypopulationsofanimals,orpeople.Thetr
aditionalenergysources,whicharecommonlyusednowadays,areconsideredtobethegreatestpolluterstotheenvironment.Therealsoexistso-calledeco-friendlysou
rcesofenergy.____28____Ofcourse,duringthistimepeoplehavetomakesomesacrificestosupporttheseundertakings(企业).Inord
ertoproducepracticalenergy,atransformationofthenaturalsiteisofteninevitable(不可避免的).____29____Applicati
onofwindenergywouldblockairflow’snaturalspeed.Consequently,thepressurebalancethatisbroughtaboutbythiscu
rrentwillbeaffected,anditisimportanttorememberthattheenvironmentandweatherconditionsaredirectlyaffectedbyatmosphericpressure.___
_30____Thisistheembarrassmentmankindhastodealwith.AgoodbalancebetweeneconomicdevelopmentandsustainabilityisforeverwhathumankindhastokeepinmindA.There
arecertainaspectsofeconomicgrowthwhichaffecttheenvironment.B.Cleanenergyhasalwaysbeenontheprioritylistforabetterenvironment.C.Forthesereasons,
bringingabouteconomicgrowthwithoutanyresultingenvironmentaldamageisimpossible.D.However,nowadaystherangeofrequiredgoods
hasexpandedsignificantly.E.Sohumankindbegantomakeexplorationtosatisfythemselveseconomicallyandmentally.F.The
yaresometimespreferredbutreplacingthetraditionalsourceswiththemalsorequirestime.G.Thisisexpensiveand,hasha
rmfuleffectsontheenvironment.【答案】26.D27.A28.F29.G30.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人类提高生活水平与环境污染之间的关系。【26题详解】根据上文“Backt
hen,andtoday,providingfoodwasthebasictaskforaperson.(无论是过去还是现在,提供食物都是一个人的基本任务。)”和下文“Peoplefeeltheneedfornotonl
ysomeprimarythings,suchasbreadandshelters,butalsoforvariousfacilitiesandluxuries.(人们不仅需要一些基本的东西,如面包和住所,而
且需要各种设施和奢侈品。)”可知,上下文都在描述人类需求的改变,从最初的提供食物到现在需要更多的商品和奢侈品。因此,需要一个转折句来连接这两个观点,说明现在所需商品的范围已经显著扩大。D项:However,nowadaystherangeofrequire
dgoodshasexpandedsignificantly.(然而,如今所需商品的范围已经大大扩大了。)符合语境。故选D。【27题详解】根据下文“Thefirstoftheseisthefactthatinordertoproducemoregoodsandproduc
ts,atafasterrate,theconstructionoflargeindustrialplantsisrequired.Theseplantsproducealotofwaste,whichmaycausenegativelong-termhealtheffectstonear
bypopulationsofanimals,orpeople.(首先,为了以更快的速度生产更多的商品和产品,需要建设大型工业工厂。这些植物产生大量的废物,这可能会对附近的动物或人的健康造成长期的负面影响。)”
可知,本段主要介绍了经济增长对环境造成的负面影响。A项:Therearecertainaspectsofeconomicgrowthwhichaffecttheenvironment.(经济增长的某些方面会
影响环境。)总引下文,符合语境。故选A。【28题详解】根据上文“Therealsoexistso-calledeco-friendlysourcesofenergy.(也有所谓的环保能源。)”和下文“Ofc
ourse,duringthistimepeoplehavetomakesomesacrificestosupporttheseundertakings(企业).(当然,在这段时间里,人们必须做出一些牺牲来支持这些事业。)”可知,空
处应该指出环保能源的使用现状,F项中的“time”和下文中的“duringthistime”对应。F项:Theyaresometimespreferredbutreplacingthetraditionalsourceswiththemals
orequirestime.(它们有时更受欢迎,但用它们代替传统的来源也需要时间。)符合语境。故选F。【29题详解】根据上文“Inordertoproducepracticalenergy,atrans
formationofthenaturalsiteisofteninevitable(不可避免的).(为了产生实用的能源,对自然场地的改造往往是不可避免的。)”可知,上文提到为了产生实用的能源,对自然场所的改造通常是不可避免的,接着需要解释这种改造的代价和影响。结合
下文“Applicationofwindenergywouldblockairflow’snaturalspeed.Consequently,thepressurebalancethatisbroughtaboutbythiscurrentwillbeaff
ected,anditisimportanttorememberthattheenvironmentandweatherconditionsaredirectlyaffectedbyatmosphericpressure.(风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度。因此,这股洋流带来的压力平衡
将受到影响,重要的是要记住,环境和天气状况直接受到大气压力的影响。)”可知,后文也进一步说明了这种影响,如风能应用会阻挡气流的自然速度,影响气压平衡,进而影响环境和天气条件。G项:Thisisexpensiveand,hasharmfuleffectsontheenvir
onment.(这是昂贵的,对环境有有害的影响。)说明改造的负面影响,符合语境。故选G。【30题详解】根据上文“Applicationofwindenergywouldblockairflow’snaturalspeed.C
onsequently,thepressurebalancethatisbroughtaboutbythiscurrentwillbeaffected,anditisimportanttorememberthattheenvi
ronmentandweatherconditionsaredirectlyaffectedbyatmosphericpressure.(风能的应用会阻碍气流的自然速度。因此,这股洋流带来的压力平衡将受到影响,重要的是要
记住,环境和天气状况直接受到大气压力的影响。)”可知,上文提到环境和天气条件直接受到大气压的影响,需要记住这一点,空处需要总结这种影响对经济增长和环境保护之间的关系。C项:Forthesereasons,bringingabouteconomicgrowt
hwithoutanyresultingenvironmentaldamageisimpossible.(由于这些原因,实现经济增长而不造成任何环境破坏是不可能的。)符合语境。故选C。第三部分课内基础(共45分)第一节教材单词(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)请根据首字母和中文提示
,用单词的正确形式填空。31.Theleaderoftheresearchteamhascountlessa__________(令人佩服的)qualitiesandisregardedasarolemodeltoyoungtale
nt.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】admirable##dmirable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:研究团队的领导者有着无数令人钦佩的品质,被视为年轻人才的榜样。根据汉语提示“令人佩服的”及首字母提示可知,此处使用形容词admirable,
作定语,修饰名词qualities。故填admirable。32.D__________(虽然)thefactthatshewasalreadyaninternationallyrenownedscientist,TuYouyousho
wednointerestinfame.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】Despite##espite【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意:尽管屠呦呦已经是国际知名的科学家的事实,但她对名利毫无兴趣。由首字母提示D
和空格后的thefactthat可知,“虽然”是介词despite,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Despite。33.Itisself-evidentthatraciald__________(歧视)isstillbotheringmanyblackpeople,inspiteo
ftheirongoingfightforequalrights.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】discrimination##iscrimination【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:不言而喻,尽管黑人一直在为争取平等权利而斗争,但种族歧视仍然困扰着许多黑人。此空在句
子中作主语,所以应为名词,根据提示的汉语和首字母可知,表示“歧视”应为discrimination,且为不可能名词。故填discrimination。34.Ifeelsoh__________(感到荣幸)tohavethisopp
ortunitytopresentthisawardtoMr.Leonard,whomakesaremarkablecontributiontoacademia.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】honoured##onoured##honored##onored【解析】【详解】考查固定句型以及动词
过去分词。句意:我很荣幸有机会把这个奖项颁给伦纳德先生,他对学术界做出了卓越的贡献。结合句意以及首字母提示可知,设空处应填honoured/honored,固定句型be/feelhonoured/honored(todosth)意为“(做某事)感到荣
幸。故填honored/honoured。35.Unfortunately,ahorribledisasters__________(侵袭;打击)himwhenhewasinhisprime.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】struck##truck【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。
句意:不幸的是,当他正值盛年时,一场可怕的灾难打击了他。设空处在主句中作谓语,根据汉语提示“侵袭,打击”和首字母提示可知,此处为动词strike,结合从句“whenhewasinhisprime”可知,此句用一般过去时,填过去式struck。故填struck。36.H
ewasastronga__________(拥护者)offreemarketpolicies.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】advocate##dvocate【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:他是自由市场政策的坚定拥
护者。根据汉语提示“拥护者”和首字母提示可知,此处为名词advocate,为可数名词作表语,不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填advocate。37.Afterseveralcriticalmoments,Mr.Zhangp______
____(证明)tobetherightpersonforthelady.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】proved##roved【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:经过几个关键时刻,张先生被证明是这位女士的合适人选。根据提示的汉语和首字母可知,此处应为prove意为“证明是”
,此空在句中作谓语,根据句意可知,该句描述的为过去发生的事情,所以此处使用一般过去时。故填proved。38.Afloodofpeoplec__________(挤满;挤进)intothestadium,tryingtogettheautograph(亲笔签名)f
romthefamoussingerLuciano.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】crowded##rowded【解析】【详解】考查动词和时态。句意:大批的人涌进体育场,想要得到著名歌手卢西亚诺的签名。根据汉语提示“挤满,挤进”和首字母提示可知,此处为动词crowd,在句中作谓语
,此句陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故填crowded。39.Inarescuea__________(尝试,努力)duringthemostrecentearthquake,dozensofmembersandtraineddogst
ookpart.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】attempt##ttempt【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:在最近一次地震中的救援行动中,数十名成员和经过训练的狗参加了救援。根据汉语“尝试,努力”及首字母提示可知,此处使用
名词attempt,结合空前的a可知,应用名词单数形式,作In的宾语。故填attempt。40.CaitlinClarkfulfilledhera__________(抱负)tobreakStephenCurry’srecordinNCAA.(根据中英文提
示填空)【答案】ambition##mbition【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:凯特琳·克拉克实现了她的野心,打破了斯蒂芬·库里在NCAA的记录。根据汉语提示“抱负”和首字母提示可知,此处为名词ambition,作宾语。故填ambition。第二节空英
单词(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)请根据首字母和中文提示,用单词的正确形式填空。41.TheMayDayholidayisaroundthecorner.Shallwegoonag__________(出门度假)?(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】getaway##etaway
【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:五一假期即将来临。我们去度假好吗?根据汉语提示“出门度假”和首字母提示可知,此处为名词getaway”,为可数名词,不定冠词a修饰可数名词单数。故填getaway。42.Asac
itythatiss__________inhistory(历史悠久),Beijingisanexcellentdestinationfortourists.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】steeped##teeped【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:作为一座历史悠久的城市,北
京是游客的绝佳目的地。根据句意及首字母提示可知,此处使用形容词steeped“充满……的”,作表语。故填steeped。43.WhenvisitingBeijing,don’tmisstherenownedd_______
___(美味),BeijingRoastDuck.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】delicacy##elicacy【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:来北京旅游时,千万不要错过著名的美食——北京烤鸭。renowned是形容词,修饰名词,由首字母提示d可知,“美味”用名词delicacy
作宾语,delicacy“精美的食物;美味佳肴”为可数名词,此处是特指BeijingRoastDuck这一美味,表单数概念,故填delicacy。44.It’scommonc__________(礼貌)togreetthemwhenyous
tumbleuponsomeoneyouknow.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】civility##ivility【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:当你偶然遇到你认识的人时,向他们打招呼是一种普遍的礼貌。根据汉语提示“礼貌”和首字母提
示可知,此处为名词civility,不可数,在句中作表语。故填civility。45.Weneedtoe__________(消除)badhabitsanddevelopgoodones.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】eliminate##liminate【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:
我们需要改掉坏习惯,培养好习惯。根据所给汉语和首字母可知及物动词eliminate符合句意,need后接不定式作宾语。故填eliminate。46.Theteamwasd__________(急需,渴望)foravictorytoshowcasetheirability.(根据中英
文提示填空)【答案】desperate##esperate【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意:这支球队迫切希望取得一场胜利来展示他们的能力。根据汉语提示“急需,渴望”及首字母提示可知,此处使用形容词desperate,作表语。
bedesperatefor“极渴望”。故填desperate。47.Chinaaccomplishedtheremarkablef__________(功绩;壮举)oflifting800millionpeopleoutofpoverty.(根据中英
文提示填空)【答案】feat##eat【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:中国实现了8亿人脱贫的伟大壮举。根据汉语提示“功绩,壮举”和首字母提示可知,此处为名词feat,作宾语;feat为可数名词,根据空后“oflifting800millionpeopleoutofpoverty”可知,此处特
指“8亿人脱贫的伟大壮举”,表单数概念。故填feat。48.Thecouplesponsoredachildf__________(抛弃)byhisparents,wholaterbecameateacher.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】forgon
e##orgone【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这对夫妇资助了一个被父母遗弃的孩子,他的父母后来成为了一名教师。由首字母提示f可知,“抛弃”是forgo,句中谓语是sponsored,空格处用非谓语动词,由by可知,空
格处用过去分词forgone表被动作定语,故填forgone。49.Apartfromi__________(传播)knowledge,ateachershouldalsofostercuriosityandencourageactivepart
icipation.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】imparting##mparting【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意:除了传授知识,教师还应培养好奇心并鼓励积极参与。根据汉语提示“传播”及首字母提示可知,此处使用动词impart,用动名词imparting,作Apartfrom的宾语。故填i
mparting。50.MartinLutherKinge__________(想象)afutureworldwhereeveryonewouldenjoyequalrightsandjustice.(根据中英文提示填空)【答案】envisioned##nvision
ed【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:马丁·路德·金想象了一个人人享有平等权利和正义的未来世界。设空处在句中作谓语,根据汉语提示“想象”和首字母提示可知,此处为动词envision,陈述过去发生的事情,使用一般过去时。故填envisioned。第三节
短语填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)用方框中短语的正确形式完成句子。注意:有一个短语是多余的。inhonorofrefertorunoutofontheedgeofcomeacrossinspiteoffightforberegardedas
duetosufferfrombaseon51.TheUSgovernmenthas______________excusesforthefailureofitseconomicpolicy,whichmeansaradicalpolicy
reformisneeded.52.Theteamis______________aplaceinthefinalround,wherecompetitionwillbewithoutanydoubtmorefierce.53.Failurehel
psbuildourcharacters.Webecomebetterbecauseofthefall,not______________it.54.Thecommitteefinallydecidedtobuildamonument______________t
hecaptainandhiscrewwhomadeasignificantbreakthroughinpolarexploration.55.Iwas______________myseatwaitingtofindoutwhathappen
ednext.56.Theteammetcountlessdifficultiesduringtheresearch______________theirlimitedaccesstoproperresources.57.
Themovie______________areal-lifeincident.58.RecentlyIhave______________aninterestingstudywhichclaimsMemoryBcellsmightberes
ponsibleforpeople’slifetimeallergies(过敏症).59.Nowadays,Dr.ClaireandProf.Tiara______________themostpromisingyoung
writersinthecity.60.Thelatestresearchfindinggiveshopetopatientswho______________severebackinjuries.【答案】51.runoutof52.fig
htingfor53.inspiteof54.inhonorof55.ontheedgeof56dueto57.isbasedon58.comeacross59.areregardedas60.sufferfrom【解析】【51题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意
:美国政府已经没有理由为其经济政策的失败辩解了,这意味着需要进行彻底的政策改革。根据句意“用完,用尽”可知,动词短语runoutof,符合题意,此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响,使用现在完成时,已有助动词h
as,空处需填过去分词。故填runoutof。【52题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:这支球队正在为进入最后一轮而奋斗,毫无疑问,那里的竞争将更加激烈。根据句意“为……奋斗”可知,动词短语fightwith,符合题意,此处表示正在进行的动作,使用现在进行.时,已有be动词is,空处需填
现在分词。故填fightingwith。【53题详解】考查介词短语。句意:失败有助于塑造我们的性格。我们因为失败而变得更好,而不是尽管失败了我们变得更好。根据句意“尽管”可知,介词短语inspiteof,符合题意。故填inspiteof。【54题详解】
考查介词短语。句意:委员会最后决定建造一座纪念碑,以纪念在极地探险中取得重大突破的船长和他的船员。根据句意“为纪念”可知,介词短语inhonorof,符合题意。故填inhonorof。【55题详解】考查介词短语。句意:我迫不及待地等着发现接下来会发生什么。根
据句意“迫不及待地”可知,介词短语ontheedgeofone’sseat,符合题意。故填ontheedgeof。【56题详解】考查介词短语。句意:由于获得适当资源的机会有限,研究小组在研究过程中遇到了无数困难。根据句意“由于”可知,介词短语dueto,符
合题意。故填dueto。【57题详解】考查动词短语和时态语态。句意:这部电影是根据真实事件改编的。根据句意“以……为根据”可知,动词短语baseon,符合题意,陈述客观事实,使用一般现在时,Themovie和baseon为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为单数名词,be动词用is。故填isbased
on。【58题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:最近我偶然看到了一项有趣的研究,它声称记忆B细胞可能是导致人们终生过敏的原因。根据句意“偶然遇见”可知,动词短语comeacross,符合题意,根据时间状语“Recently
”可知,使用现在完成时,已有助动词have,空处需填过去分词。故填comeacross。【59题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:现在,克莱尔博士和蒂亚拉教授被认为是这个城市最有前途的年轻作家。根据句意“被认为是”可知,动词短
语beregardedas,符合题意,结合“Nowadays”可知,使用一般现在时,主语是并列的名词,be动词用are。故填areregardedas。【60题详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意:最新的研究发现给遭受
严重背部损伤的患者带来了希望。根据句意“遭受”可知,动词短语sufferfrom,符合题意,结合“gives”可知,使用一般现在时,定语从句的主语who,指代patients,谓语动词使用原形。故填sufferfrom。第四节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,共10分)请根据语法规则完成句子,每空
仅填一个词。61.FriendsisnotthefirstTVshow______________MathewParrystarredattheearlystageofhisactingcareer.(用适当的词填
空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:《老友记》并不是马修·派瑞演艺生涯早期出演的第一部电视剧。定语从句修饰先行词TVshow,先行词在从句作宾语,且由序数词修饰,只能用that引导。故填tha
t。62.Tablereadisnottheonlyeffectivepractice______________helpsstudentsimprovetheirspeaking.(用适当的词填空)【答案】that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:剧本朗读并不是帮助学生提高口语唯一
有效练习。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词practice,指物,在定语从句中作主语,并且先行词前面有theonly修饰,需用关系代词that引导。故填that。63.Mr.Stoneisagreate
ducator______________neverstopsinspiringhisstudentsandhisfellowworkerstobebetterindividuals.(用适当的词填空)【答案】who##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:斯通先生是一
位伟大的教育家,他从不停止激励他的学生和同事成为更好的人。本空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是agreateducator,指人,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。64.The
oldmanalwayswearshisthickglasseswithout______________hecan’tseeanything.(用适当的词填空)【答案】which【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这位老人总是戴着厚厚的眼镜,不戴眼镜他什么也看不见。“wi
thout_____hecan’tseeanything”为“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词glasses,指物,设空处指代先行词,在定语从句中作介词without的宾语,需用关系代词which引导。
故填which。65.AnincreasingnumberofJunior3studentsnowdecidetofurthertheireducationinSDSZ______________studentsareoffered
opportunitiestoharvestgrowthandexploretheirpassionforlife.(用适当的词填空)【答案】where【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:越来越多的初三学生选择在SDSZ继
续他们的教育,在这里,学生们有机会的收获成长,探索他们对生活的热情。空处引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词SDSZ作地点状语。故填where。66.Kobe,______________contributiontobasketballisdiffi
culttoexaggerate(夸大),hasinspiredmillionsofpeople.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:科比,他对篮球的贡献是难以夸大的,他激励了数百万
人。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词Kobe和contribution之间是所属关系,因此空格处用表所属的whose引导定语从句,故填whose。67.IthinksheismyMs.Right.Iknowfromthefirstsightofhert
hatsheistheonewithout______________mylifewillsurelybedullandcolorless.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whom【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我想她就是我的Ms.Right。第一眼看到她,我就知道,没有她,我的生活一定
会变得枯燥无味。“without_____mylifewillsurelybedullandcolorless”是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句,先行词theone指人,设空处指代先行词作介词without宾语,因此空格处用关系代词whom。故填whom。68.The1960s
wasadifficulttime______________ChinesescientistslikeTuYouyouhadverylimitedresourcesandpoortechnologicalsuppo
rt.(用适当的词填空)【答案】when【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:20世纪60年代是一个艰难的时期,像屠呦呦这样的中国科学家资源非常有限,技术支持也很差。定语从句修饰先行词time,在从句作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。69.Ka
renisapassionatesupporteroftheenvironmentalreform______________requireslargeenterprisestostopoverusingn
on-renewablenaturalresources.(用适当的词填空)【答案】which##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:Karen是环保改革的热心支持者,环保改革要求大型企业停止过度使用不可再生的自然资源。空处引导定语从句,先行词为reform,指物,在定语从句中
作主语,需用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。70.Thenuclearwastedischargeisnowthemajorreason______________environmentalistsfeelworriedaboutthefut
ureofmarinecreatures.(用适当的词填空)【答案】why【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:核废料的排放现在是环保主义者对海洋生物的未来感到担忧的主要原因。定语从句修饰先行词reason,在从句作原因状语,应用why。故填why
。第五节根据课文内容填空(共10小题;每小题0.5分,共5分)A71.EvenAmundsenwasmovedbyScott’sdeathsaying“CaptainScottleftarecord,forhonesty,______________,forbravery,
____________________________”.(根据句意填空)【答案】①.sincerity②.foreverythingthatmakesaman【解析】【详解】考查名词,定语从句,时
态和主谓一致。句意:就连Amundsen也被Scott的死所感动,他说:“Scott船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及成为一个人的一切留下了记录。”由forhonesty和forbravery可知,句子表示“Scott船长为诚实、真诚、勇敢以及成为一个人的一切留下了记录”,第一空意为“真诚
”,用名词作for的宾语,是sincerity,是不可数名词;第二空意为“成为一个人的一切”,“一切”是everything,“成为一个人的”用that引导定语从句,“成为一个人”是makeaman,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,that引导的先行
词everything是不定代词,因此make用第三人称单数,everything前加for,表示“为”,因此第二空是“foreverythingthatmakesaman”。故填sincerity,foreverythingthatmakesaman。B根据课文内容填空In
2019,shewasselectedbytheBBCasoneof____72____ofscienceinthe20thcenturyalongwithAlbertEinsteinandAlanMathison
Turing.TuYouyou____73____inbeingascientistduringadifficulttimeforscienceinChina,herabilitytouseoldwisdo
mandnewmethodstoachievehergoalsandthefactthatherwork____74____,____75____.【答案】72.themostinfluentialfigures73.wasnotedf
orherbravery74.bridgedtheEasternandWesternworlds75.savingmillionsoflives【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了科学家屠呦呦所取得的成就和贡献。
【72题详解】考查课文原文。句意:2019年,她被英国广播公司选为20世纪最具影响力的科学人物之一,与阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和艾伦·马西森·图灵齐名。根据课文内容“最具影响力的科学人物”可知应填themostinfluentialfig
ures,故填themostinfluentialfigures。【73题详解】考查课文原文。句意:屠呦呦因其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家的勇敢而闻名,她有能力运用旧智慧和新方法来实现自己的目标,以及她的工作在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁,拯救了数百万人的生命。根据课文内容“因……勇敢而闻名
”可知应填benotedforherbravery,此处为一般过去时,谓语用单数。故填wasnotedforherbravery。【74题详解】考查课文原文。句意:屠呦呦因其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家
的勇敢而闻名,她有能力运用旧智慧和新方法来实现自己的目标,以及她的工作在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁,拯救了数百万人的生命。根据课文内容“在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁”可知应填bridgetheEaste
rnandWesternworlds,此处为一般过去时,故填bridgedtheEasternandWesternworlds。【75题详解】考查课文原文。句意:屠呦呦因其在中国科学困难时期作为一名科学家的勇敢而闻名,她有能力运用旧智慧和新方法来实现自己的目标,以及她
的工作在东西方世界之间架起了一座桥梁,拯救了数百万人的生命。根据课文内容“拯救了数百万人的生命”可知应填savingmillionsoflives,为现在分词作状语。故填savingmillionsoflives。C根据课文内容填空He____________76____
________exercisesdesignedtorebuildmuscle,and____________77____________.______________78______________,hemanaged
toreturntohisfilmcareerbydirecting,producingandeven______________79______________.【答案】76.engagedinawiderangeof77.maderemarkableprogress78.Shortl
yafter79.starringinfilms【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了超人背后的超级英雄——ChristopherReeve的传奇人生。【76题详解】考查固定搭配和动词时态。句意:他进行了一系列旨在重建肌肉的运动,并取得了显著的进步。结合上下文和课
文内容可知,该空意为“进行了一系列”,表示“进行,从事”应用动词短语engagein,结合下文的“managed”可知,使用一般过去时;表示“一系列”应用介词短语awiderangeof。故填engagedinawiderangeof。【77题详解】考查动词短语和
时态。句意同上。结合上下文和课文内容可知,该空意为“取得了显著的进步”,表示“取得进步”应用动词短语makeprogress,结合下文的“managed”可知,使用一般过去时;表示“显著的”应用形容词remarkable,作定语,修饰名词progress。故填maderemar
kableprogress。【78题详解】考查介词短语。句意:不久之后,他重返电影事业,从事导演和制作人工作,甚至出演了电影。结合上下文和课文内容可知,该空意为“不久之后”应用介词短语shortlyafter,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Shortlyafter。
【79题详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。句意同上。结合上下文和课文内容可知,该空意为“出演电影”,应用starinfilms,空处和directing,producing并列,需填动名词形式作介词by的宾语。故填starringinfilms。第四
部分书面表达(20分)80.目前,某英文报社正在组织中学生征文比赛,请以ThePersonIAdmire为题写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:1.人物基本信息;2.值得敬佩的原因。注意:1.词数100左右;2.题目已为你写好。ThePersonIAdmire_____________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】ThePersonIAdmire
ThepersonIadmiremostisHelenKeller(1880-1968).Shewasconsideredthemostmotivationalfigureinthe20thcentury.HelenKeller,standinginthefaceofagrea
tchallengeandlosinghersightandhearing,wasnotsomeonewhogaveupeasily.ShepersistedinlearningBraille.In1904,Kellergraduatedfromcollegeandbecamethefi
rstblindanddeafpersonintheworldtogetabachelor’sdegree.Inaddition,shewroteseveralbooks,whichmadegreatcontributionstoli
terature.Shealsotraveledaroundtheworldtoraisemoneyandfoundedcharitiestobenefitthedisabled,improvingthewo
rkingandlivingconditionsofthem.Atthesametime,shegainedtherespectoftheworld.WhatimpressedmemostisKeller’sspirit-s
tayoptimisticandnevergiveupwhentimesarehard.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达是一篇开放性作文。要求考生以ThePersonIAdmire为题写一篇短文参加某英文报社正在组织中学生征文比赛。【详解】1.词汇积累钦佩:ad
mire→thinkhighlyof坚持:persistin→stickto此外:inaddition→what’smore提高:improve→enhance2句式拓展合并句子原句:ThepersonIadmiremostisHelenKeller(1880-1968).Shewascons
ideredthemostmotivationalfigureinthe20thcentury.拓展句:ThepersonIadmiremostisHelenKeller(1880-1968),whowasconsidered
themostmotivationalfigureinthe20thcentury.【点睛】[高分句型1]HelenKeller,standinginthefaceofagreatchallengeandlos
inghersightandhearing,wasnotsomeonewhogaveupeasily.(运用了who引导限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Inaddition,shewroteseveralbooks,whichmadegreatcontributionstoliterature.
(运用了which引导非限制性定语从句).