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上师大附中2020-2021学年高三下学期英语3月考II.GrammarandVocabularySectionA(10)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow.fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfits

eachblankAChangingCityForcenturies,BeijinghasbeenthepromisedlandofChina.Originallyawalledbastionforemperorsandoffici

als,itremainsamajesticpoliticalandarchitecturalmarvel.Today,peoplefromthecountrysidestillflocktothecityinsearchoftheel

usivepotofgoldattheendoftherainbow.Thelureofthecapitalprovestooenticing.Meanwhile,downtheroadbytheFriendshipStore,smartly____1____

(dress)customersclutchingmobilephonesheadforthenearestbanquetordisco.PerhapsnowhereelseinChinamorethaninBeijingisthegenerationgap____2____(vis

ible).Appalledbythecurrentdriveto'modernize',manyolderpeoplestillwaxeuphoric(兴高采烈地谈论)abouttheyearsofsacrificeforthesocialistrevo

lution.Butmanyyoungstersaremoreinterested--likeyoungsterseverywhere--inmoney,motorbikes,fashion,videogamesandrockmusi

c(thoughnotnecessarilyinthatorder)ForeignersseemtoenjoyBeijingsincethecityofferssomuchtoseeanddo.Things____3____(change)drasticallyinthelastt

enyearsorso.TheBeijingoftodayisaforestofconstructioncranes,bulldozersand24-hourworkcrews____4____(scrambl

e)tobuildthenewChina.Plushshoppingmallsandfive-starhotelsrise____5____therubble.____6____numberoftheroadsignsanda

dvertisingbillboardsarenowinEnglish.____7____onesaysaboutBeijingtoday,itprobablywon’tbetruetomorrow.Thecityischangingsorapidlythatit

makesyoudizzy.Whateverimpressionyoucomeawaywith,BeijingisoneofthemostfascinatingplacesinChina.It____8____besomethingofashowcase,

butwhatcapitalcityisn’t?WithinitsenvironsyouwillfindsomeofChina'smoststunningsights-theForbiddenCity,theSummerPalaceandtheGreatWall,tonamejus

tafew.Thecity____9____offerssomuchofinterestthatthemaincomplaintofmostvisitorsis____10____theysimplyrunoutoftimebeforesee

ingitall.【答案】1.dressed2.morevisible3.havechanged4.scrambling5.from6.A7.Whatever8.may9.itself10.that【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文

，主要讲的是北京的不断变化。【1题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，沿着友谊商店的路走下去，穿着漂亮的顾客手里拿着手机，奔向最近的宴会或迪斯科舞厅。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词customers，dress的形容词是dressed，意为“打扮好的”，故填dressed。【

2题详解】考查比较级。句意：在中国，也许没有哪个地方比北京更能看到代沟。根据语境可知，句子表示“也许中国其他地方没有比北京更明显的代沟”，空格处用比较级morevisible，故填morevisible。【3题详解】考查时态和主

谓一致。句意：在过去十年左右的时间里，情况发生了巨大的变化。由“inthelasttenyears”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语Things是复数，因此空格处havechanged，故填havechanged。【4题详解】考查现在分词。句意：今天

的北京是一个建筑起重机的森林，推土机和24小时工作的工人们争先恐后地建设新中国。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词作定语，crews和scramble之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词scrambling表主动，故填scramblin

g。【5题详解】考查固定短语和介词。句意：豪华的购物中心和五星级酒店从废墟中拔地而起。risefrom是固定短语，意为“从……升起”，因此空格处是介词from，故填from。【6题详解】考查冠词和固定短语。句意：许多路标和广告牌现在都是英文的。anumberof是固定

短语，意为“很多”，因此空格处是冠词a，位于句首，首字母大写，故填A。【7题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管人们今天对北京说什么，明天可能就不是真的了。分析句子结构可知，句子表示“不管人们今天对北京说什么”，因此空格处是“无论什么

”，是whatever，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。【8题详解】考查情态动词。句意：这可能有点像展示，但哪个首都不是呢？空格后是原形be，因此空格处用情态动词，根据下文“butwhatcapitalci

tyisn’t?”可知，句子表示“这可能是一种展示”，是一种推测，空格处意为“可能”，用may，故填may。【9题详解】考查反身代词。句意：这个城市本身提供了如此多有趣的东西，以至于大多数游客的主要抱怨是，他们还没看完之前就已经花光了时间了。根据语境可知，句子表示

“这座城市本身提供了如此多的兴趣”，空格处用反身代词，主语Thecity，因此空格处是itself，故填itself。【10题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个城市本身提供了如此多有趣的东西，以至于大多数游客的主要抱怨是，他们还没看完之前就已经花光了时间了。is后是

表语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that，故填that。SectionB(10’)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingth

ewordinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.feedbackB.pairingC.slightest

D.regularE.recallF.installedG.diligenceH.substitutingI.solutionJ.alteredK.mappingWeallknowthe____11____thatp

rofessionalfilmmakersandactorsputintoprovideuswithEntertainment,butitseemsthateven____12____moviegoerslikeushaveabigim

pactonhowamovieturnsouttoo.Fordecadesnow,filmstudioshaveusedso-calledtestscreeningstoget____13____frommembersofthepublicbeforeamovieco

mesout.Whiletestaudiencememberswereusuallyaskedtofillinaquestionnaireafterascreening.tellingthestdiowhattheylikedanddidn’tlike,mediagiantDisneyh

asnowcomeupwithamorehigh-tech____14____tothisproblem.Accordingtoapaperpublishedthissummerbythecompany’s

researchers,Disneyismeasuringtestaudiences’reactionsbyusingspecialcamerasplacedinsidecinemas.By____15____thecamerasw

ithspecialsoftware,thecompanycantrackwhateachaudiencememberisfeelingatanypointinthemovie,fromangertoJoy.

Thisworksby____16____68differentpointsoneachaudiencemember’sface.Thecamerascanseeinthedark,andthesoftwa

recanfigureoutaperson’smoodbasedonthe____17____ofhisfacialexpressions.It'shopedthatthisnewmethodwillallowmoredetailedfeedbackfromtestaudiences.Rather

thanrelyingonaudiencemembersto____18____theirfeelingsafterthemoviesover,itcanaccuratelyreadtheirreactionsinreal-time.Testscreeningsarehighlyvaluedint

hemovieindustry,andseveralwell-knownmovieshavebeengreatly____19____followingthesefeedback.ViewersofE.T.

theExtra-Terrestrial(1982)wouldhaveleftthecinemafeelingawholelotdifferentlyifitweren’tforitstestaudience’sf

eedback.”Inonecutofthefilmthatwastested,ET.diedinsteadofgoinghomeinhisspace.Youwon’tbesurprisedtohearthatthetestaudienceinquestiondidn’t

appreciatethisendingatall,”wrotemediawebsiteDenofGeek.Butforthosewhoareconcernedaboutprivacy,thecameraswon’tbe______20______inpubliccinemas.Afterall

,unlessyou'repartofatestaudience,beinginfrontofthecameraisbestlefttothemoviestars.【答案】11.G12.D13.A14.I15.B16.K17.C18.E19.

J20.F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种通过高科技手段来获取观众对一部电影的反馈的方法。【11题详解】考查名词。句意：我们都知道为了给我们提供娱乐，专业的电影制作人和演员所付出的努力，但是似乎即便是像我们一样的电影院常客会对电影最后的呈现结果有重大影

响。“putdiligencein”意为在某方面付出努力，用来形容电影制作人以及演员对于一部电影的付出，符合语义逻辑，故选G。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：我们都知道为了给我们提供娱乐，专业的电影制作人和演员所付出的努力，但是似乎即便是像我们一

样的电影院常客会对电影最后的呈现结果有重大影响。“moviegoers”为名词，前面应使用形容词进行修饰，regular意为“常规的、定期的”，用来描述经常去看电影的人是恰当的，故选D。【13题详解】考查

名词。句意：几十年来，电影工作室在电影上映前使用所谓的试映来获得公众的反馈。“feedback”意为反馈，试映会的功能通常是为了获取观众的反馈然后必要的话对电影做出适当调整，符合上下文。故选A。【14

题详解】考查名词。句意：观看试映的观众通常被要求填写一个问卷来告知工作室他们喜欢什么不喜欢什么，媒体巨头迪士尼已经想出了一个更加高科技的解决方案来应对这个问题。此处强调迪士尼公司想出了一个不同于一般的解决获取反馈的方法，应填入solutio

n，“解决方案”符合句意。故选I。【15题详解】考查动名词。句意：通过使相机与特殊的软件配对，公司能够追踪每一个观众在任何时刻的感受，从生气到开心。迪士尼公司的方案是用一个相机与软件搭配使用，“pareAwithB”表示“用B与A匹配”，刚好符合此语境，又介词by后跟动名词，故选B

。【16题详解】考查动名词。句意：这个软件通过勘查观众脸上的68个不同的点来起作用。用软件对人脸进行观察，动词map“勘查”，符合句意，介词by后跟动名词，故选K。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：相机能在黑暗中

看见，软件可以基于面部最细微的表情得出一个人的心情。空格处theslightest表示“最细微的东西”，空格前有定冠词the，最高级前面需加the，符合句意与形式，故选C。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：不是依赖观众在电影结束后回忆自己的感受，这种新的方法可以精确读取他们的实时反应。动词“recal

l”意为回忆，传统方法便是观影后，让观众回忆观影感受并给出自己的反馈，符合语义逻辑，故选E。【19题详解】考查动词。句意：试映在电影行业得到高度重视，一些知名的电影根据反馈被大大地改变了。一些知名的电影会根据观众的反馈做出调整和改变，动词“alter”意为改变

，符合语义逻辑，故选J。【20题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：但是对于那些关心隐私的人，相机无法在公共电影院安装。将相机安装在影院用来勘察观众的情绪变化，动词“install”意为安装，安装相机，“相机”与动词“安装”之间存在被动关系，此处应使用过去分词，故选

F。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionA(15’)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,Ca

ndD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Themorethan13milliontouristswhovisitNara,anancientcapi

talofJapan,eachyeartendtofollowawell-wornpath.Ontheirwayintoaparkattheedgeofthecitytheypassthetowering,woodenpagodaofKofuku-ji,atemplecomplexfou

ndedin710.TheycontinuetonearbyTodai-ji,gazingin____21____atJapan'slargestBuddha,abronzebehemothweighing400ton

sandstanding150meterstall.Andfinallytheyfeedshikasenbei,aspecialkindofricecracker,tothesacreddeer,some1,300ofwhichliveinthepark.Thedeer,th

oughwild,havecometolovethecrackers.Withtourism____22____toatricklebecauseofthepandemic,theyarehungry.Manyhavebegunwander

ingfarfromhome____23____food.ArecentstudybytheNaraDeerPreservationFoundationandTatsuzawaShirowofHokkaidoUniversityshowsthat20%fewerarespendingtheird

aysinthepark;incidentsofdamagecausedbydeerintownhave____24____.Thelessenterprisingones,apparentlyaccustomedtoea

tingonlycrackers,havebecomeemaciated.Thedeerarenottheonlyonesgoinghungry.SoarethebusinessinplaceslikeNara,

whichhavecometorelyevermoreheavilyon____25____inrecentyears.Fewerthan7millionforeigntouristsvisitedJapanin2009;in2019some32milliondi

d____26____fromtourismhitarecord4.8trmyen($46bn).WiththeOlympic____27____forthispastsummer,Japanhadhopedto

welcome40millionforeignersin2020.____28____,afteranear-totalclosureofitsbordersbecauseofthepandemic,

arrivalshavedroppedby99.4%.Thegovernmenthastriedto____29____theblowbyencouragingitsowncitizenstogetoutmore.TheDietearmarked1.35trnyen(

$12.9bn)for“GoToTravel”subsidies,whichprovidediscountsofupto35%at______30______hotelsandinns;aconcurrentprogramcalle

d“GoToEat”appliesto______31______.Theministryoftourismsaysnearly40millionnightshavebeenbookedundertheprogramsinceitwaslaunchedinJuly.Th

atisapyrrhicvictory(付出极大代价而获得的胜利):thecampaignisthoughttohave______32______toarecentuptickincovid-19.Dailycasesreachedarecordo

f2,680onNovember28th.SugaYoshihide,Japan'sprimeminister,recentlyannouncedthatthesubsidieswouldbe______33______inareaswithhighca

seloads.Japanisreluctanttogiveupontourism,ortolettheinfrastructurethatsupportsitwither.Officialsseespendingbyforeignvisitorsasameansto______34______f

orJapan'sownshrinkingpopulation.TourismmayalsohelpmakeJapanmoreopentoforeignmigrantsinthefuture.Meanwhile,themoreresourcefuldeerinNa

rahave______35______toahealthierdietofplantsandnuts,whichhasbeengoodfortheirinsides.Theirdroppings,madepalea

ndrunnybythecrackers,havebecomefirmeranddarkeragain.Ifonlybelt-tighteningwereasgoodfortheeconomy.21.A.delightB.upsetC.aweD.a

nxiety22.A.increasedB.keptC.contributedD.reduced23.A.insearchofB.onaccountofC.onthebasisofD.inchargeof24.A.cutdownB.broughtaboutC.

shotupD.cameover25.A.manufactureB.tourismC.infrastructureD.entertainment26.A.RestorationB.RevenueC.RequestsD.Restrictions27.A.scheduledB.reservedC.

stoodD.substituted28.A.ThereforeB.ForexampleC.HerebyD.Instead29.A.seizeB.keepC.cushionD.reverse30.A.internationalB.foreignC

.domesticD.exotic31.A.restaurantsB.airlinesC.librariesD.schools32.A.encouragedB.contributedC.exposedD.helped33.A.sus

pendedB.increasedC.supplementedD.supported34.A.arrangeB.compensateC.blameD.call35.A.reducedB.respondedC.resolvedD.returned【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25

.B26.B27.A28.D29.C30.C31.A32.B33.A34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述新冠病毒对日本奈良的旅游业及鹿的影响。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在Todai-ji附近，他们继续往前走，敬畏地凝视着日本最大的佛像，这是一个重达400

吨，高150米的青铜巨兽。A.delight高兴；B.upset麻烦；C.awe敬畏；D.anxiety焦虑。根据“Themorethan13milliontouristswhovisitNara,a

nancientcapitalofJapan,eachyeartendtofollowawell-wornpath.Ontheirwayintoaparkattheedgeofthecitytheypas

sthetowering,woodenpagodaofKofuku-ji,atemplecomplexfoundedin710.”可知，此处描写日本古都——奈良，并描写参观寺庙和佛像，故人们应该敬畏地注视佛像，故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意：由于流行病，旅游业沦为涓涓细流，鹿开始挨饿。A.increased增加；B.kept保持；C.contributed贡献；D.reduced减少。根据下文“Thedeerarenottheonlyonesgoinghungry.”可知，疫情导致奈良的鹿很饥饿，等

一系列负面的影响，故此处应填消极的词汇，故选D项。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：许多鹿开始远离家乡寻找食物。A.insearchof寻找；B.onaccountof因为；C.onthebasisof在……的基础上；D.inchargeof掌管、负责。根据“Withtourism__

__2____toatricklebecauseofthepandemic,theyarehungry.”可知，疫情导致奈良的鹿饥饿，所以鹿要离开家去寻找食物，故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：奈良的鹿保护基金会和北海道大学的TatsuzawaShirow在

最近的一项研究表明，在公园里度过时光的鹿减少了20%；鹿在镇上造成的破坏事件激增。A.cutdown砍倒；B.broughtabout导致；C.shotup迅速上升；D.cameover顺便来访。根据上文“Withtourism____2____toatricklebecauseofthep

andemic,theyarehungry.可知，在公园里的鹿没有食物，他们很饿，故推知，在镇上外出找食物的鹿增多了，所以导致鹿在镇上造成的破坏事件增多，故选C项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：像奈良这样的地方的营业额也是如此，近年来，这些地方越来

越依赖旅游业。A.manufacture制造；B.tourism旅游业；C.infrastructure基础设施；D.entertainment娱乐。根据下文“Fewerthan7millionforeigntouristsvisitedJapanin2009;in201

9some32milliondid____6____fromtourismhitarecord4.8trmyen($46bn).”可知，2019年旅游业的收入增长很大，故推知奈良近年来特别看重旅游业的发展，故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨

析。句意：2009年，访问日本的外国游客不到700万；2019年，约3200万游客的旅游业收入达到创纪录的4.8万亿日元（460亿美元）。A.Restoration整修；B.Revenue财政收入；C.Requests要求；D.Restrictions限制因素。根据“Thed

eerarenottheonlyonesgoinghungry.SoarethebusinessinplaceslikeNara,whichhavecometorelyevermoreheavilyon____5___inrecentyears.

可知，疫情影响奈良的营业额，所以政府更加依赖旅游业，通过旅游业提高财政收入，故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于奥运会定于去年夏天举行，日本曾希望在2020年迎来4000万外国人。A.scheduled安排、预定；B.reserved预约；C.stood忍受；D.substit

uted替代。根据“____8____,afteranear-totalclosureofitsbordersbecauseofthepandemic,arrivalshavedroppedby99.4%.”可知，日本

预计在奥运会迎接4000万外国人，但由于疫情，入境人数不增反降。此句预计疫情发生前的情况，故选A项。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，由于流行病而几乎完全关闭边境后，入境的人数下降了99.4%。A.The

refore因此；B.Forexample例如；C.Hereby以此；D.Instead代替、反而。根据“WiththeOlympic____7____forthispastsummer,Japanhadhopedtowelcome40millionforeigner

sin2020.”可知，日本希望在奥运会期间迎接4000万外国人，但由于疫情，入境人数不增反降，故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：政府试图通过鼓励本国公民更多地走出去来缓冲这种冲击。A.seize抓

住；B.keep保持；C.cushion缓冲、缓和；D.reverse预定。根据“WiththeOlympic____7____forthispastsummer,Japanhadhopedtowelcome40millionforeignersin2020.____8____,afterane

ar-totalclosureofitsbordersbecauseofthepandemic,arrivalshavedroppedby99.4%.”可知，日本希望在奥运会期间迎接4000万外国人，但由于疫情，入境人数不增反降。故日本政府试图通过鼓励本国公民更多地走出去来缓冲这

种冲击。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：国会拨出1.35万亿日元（129亿美元）用于“去旅行”补贴，在国内酒店和旅馆提供高达35%的折扣。一个名为“GoToEat”的并行计划应用于餐馆。A.inte

rnational国际的；B.foreign外国的；C.domestic国内的；D.exotic异域的。根据“Theministryoftourismsaysnearly40millionnightshavebeenbookedundertheprogramsincei

twaslaunchedinJuly.”可知，由于国会给民众提供国内的住宿折扣，所以在国内，更多的宾馆被预定，故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：国会拨出1.35万亿日元（129亿美元）用于“去旅行”补贴，在国内酒店和旅馆提供高达35%的折扣。一个名为“GoToE

at”的并行计划应用于餐馆。A.restaurants餐馆；B.airlines航空公司；C.libraries图书馆；D.schools学校。根据“TheDietearmarked1.35trnyen($12.9bn)for“GoToTravel”su

bsidies,whichprovidediscountsofupto35%at____10____hotelsandinns;aconcurrentprogramcalled“GoToEat”appliesto____11____.”中的“GoToEat”可知，此处应指餐馆，故选A项。【3

2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一次付出极大代价而获得的胜利：在新冠期间，这场运动被认为是最近酒店预订数上升的原因。A.encouraged鼓励；B.contributed促使；C.exposed揭露；D.helped帮助。根据“Themini

stryoftourismsaysnearly40millionnightshavebeenbookedundertheprogramsinceitwaslaunchedinJuly.”及短语“contributetost

h.”可知，在疫情期间，国会出台的政策促进了更多的酒店被预订。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：11月28日，每日病例数达到创纪录的2680例。日本首相菅义伟最近宣布，在病例数较大的地区将暂停补贴。A.suspended暂停；B.incr

eased增加；C.supplemented增补；D.supported支持。根据“Thatisapyrrhicvictory(付出极大代价而获得的胜利):thecampaignisthoughttohave_____12___

__toarecentuptickincovid-19.Dailycasesreachedarecordof2,680onNovember28th.SugaYoshihide”可知，虽然国会出台的政策促进了更多的酒店被预订，但这个胜利也付出了极大的代价，导致国内确诊病例的增加。故推知需要在病

例数较大的地区将暂停补贴，故选A项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：官员们认为，外国游客的消费是弥补日本自身人口萎缩的一种手段。A.arrange安排；B.compensate补偿、弥补；C.blame责备

；D.call打电话。根据“Japanisreluctanttogiveupontourism,ortolettheinfrastructurethatsupportsitwither.”可知，日本不愿放弃旅游业，通过吸引外国消费者，以此弥补自

身人口的萎缩，从而保证本国旅游业的发展，故选B项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，奈良县更机灵的鹿已经恢复了更健康的植物和坚果饮食，这对它们的肠胃有好处。A.reduced减少；B.responded回复；C.resolved决心；D.returned

返回。根据“Thelessenterprisingones,apparentlyaccustomedtoeatingonlycrackers,havebecomeemaciated.”及“Meanwhile,themoreresourcefuldeerinNar

ahave____15____toahealthierdietofplantsandnuts,whichhasbeengoodfortheirinsides.”中的“healthier”可知，此处是将现在与过去进行对比，并且奈良的鹿现在比过

去更健康。故推知奈良的鹿饮食上恢复得更健康了，故选D项。SectionB(22’)Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.Fo

reachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Afewye

arsago,ayoungwomanatFacebookcametomydeskandaskedifshecouldspeakprivately.Weheadedintoaconferenceroom,whereshebeganfiringoff

questionsabouthowIbalanceworkandfamily.Asthequestionscamefasterandfaster,Istartedtowonderaboutherurgency.Iinterruptedtoaskifshehadachild.Shesaidno,

butshelikedtoplanahead.Iinquiredifsheandherpartnerwereconsideringhavingachild.Sherepliedthatshedidnothaveahusband,thenadded

withalittlelaugh,“Actually,Idon’tevenhaveaboyfriend.”ItseemedtomethatshewasjumpingthegunbutIunderstoodwhy.Fro

manearlyage,girlsgetthemessagethattheywillhavetochoosebetweensucceedingatworkandbeingagoodmother.Bythetimetheyareinc

ollege,womenarealreadythinkingaboutthetrade-offstheywillmakebetweenprofessionalandpersonalgoals!Whenaskedtochoosebetweenmarriageandcareer,femalecol

legestudentsaretwiceaslikelytochoosemarriageastheirmaleclassmates.Andthisconcerncanstartevenyounger.PeggyOrenstein,theauthorofCinderellaAteMyDaught

er,relatedthestoryofafive-year-oldgirlwhocamehomedistraughtfromherafter-schoolprogramandtoldhermotherthatbothsheandtheboys

hehadacrushonwantedtobeastronauts.Whenhermotheraskedwhythatwasaproblem,thelittlegirlreplied,“Whenwegointospacetogether,whowillwatchoutkids

?”Atfive,shethoughtthemostchallengingaspectofspacetravelwouldbedependablechildcare.AsI’vementioned,I’mabigbelie

veinthoughtfulpreparation.EverywhereIgo,Icarryalittlenotebookwithmyto-dolist.Butwhenitcomestointegratingcareeran

dfamily,planningtoofarinadvancecanclosedoorsratherthanopenthem.Ihaveseenthishappenoverandover.Womenrarelymake

onebigdecisiontoleavetheworkforce.Instead,theymakealotofsmalldecisionalongtheway,makingaccommodationsandsacrificesthattheybelievewillberequiredtoh

aveafamily.Ofallthewayswomenholdthemselvesback,perhapsthemostpervasiveisthattheyleavebeforetheyleave.36.Whatdoest

heunderlinedsentenceinparagraphtwo“shewasjumpingthegun”meaninthepassage?A.Shewastakingactionbeforeeveryoneelsedid

.B.Shewasmakingpreparationsearlierthanshewassupposedto.C.Shewasreluctanttomakethedecisionsallbyherself.D.Shewas

wonderinghowtobalanceworkandfamily.37.Whatisparagraphtwomainlyabout?A.After-schoolprogramsinprimaryschoolsencouragechildrentopicturetheirfut

urelife.B.Domesticlifeispreventingwomennowadaysfrompursuinghighergoalsinworkplaces.C.Femalesnowadaysstarttowei

ghtheirchoicebetweenfamilyandcareeratanevenearlierage.D.Femalecollegestudentsaremorewillingtoassumedomesticr

esponsibilitiesthantheirmaleclassmates.38.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distraught”inparagraphtwomean?A.upsetB.d

elightedC.satisfiedD.excited39.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldtheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Femalesareadvisedtomakelife-decisionsaftert

houghtfulpreparation.B.It’sbetterforgirlstoplanforleavingtheworkplacestepbystep.C.Womenusuallymakeuptheth

eirmindtoquittheirjobinaveryshortperiodoftime.D.Planningtooearlyforbalancingcareerandfamilyishinderingfemalesfrompromotionint

heworkplace.【答案】36.B37.C38.A39.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章阐述了过早地计划平衡事业和家庭阻碍了女性工作事业的发展。【36题详解】词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Weheadedintoaconferenceroom,whereshebeganfiringoffq

uestionsabouthowIbalanceworkandfamily.Asthequestionscamefasterandfaster,Istartedtowonderaboutherurgency.Iinterruptedtoaskifshehadachild

.Shesaidno,butshelikedtoplanahead.Iinquiredifsheandherpartnerwereconsideringhavingachild.Sherepliedt

hatshedidnothaveahusband,thenaddedwithalittlelaugh,‘Actually,Idon’tevenhaveaboyfriend.’(我们走进一间会议室，她开始

问我如何平衡工作和家庭。随着问题越来越多，我开始怀疑她的急切。我打断她问她有没有孩子。她说没有，但她喜欢提前计划。我问她和她的伴侣是否考虑要个孩子。她回答说她没有丈夫，然后笑着补充说，‘实际上，我甚至没有男朋友。

’)”说明作者原以为这位女性很急切地想平衡家庭和事业，可是最后才知道，她连男朋友还没有呢，从而推知划线词句“ItseemedtomethatshewasjumpingthegunbutIunderstoodwhy.(在我看来，shewasjumpingthegun，但我明白为什么。)”其中划线

短句应为“过于提前地为将来做打算”的意思，选项B“她比预定时间更早地做准备。”与之意义最为接近。故选B项。【37题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Fromanearlyage,girlsgetthemessag

ethattheywillhavetochoosebetweensucceedingatworkandbeingagoodmother.(从很小的时候起，女孩们就得到这样的信息：她们必须在事业成功和做一个好

母亲之间做出选择。)”可知，本段主要讲述了现在的女性甚至在很小的时候就开始权衡家庭和事业之间的选择。故选C项。【38题详解】词句猜测题。文章大意以及划线词句前文“Andthisconcerncanstartevenyounger.(这种担忧可能在更年

轻的时候就开始了。)”说明女性很早就开始担忧怎样平衡家庭和事业，从而推知划线词句“PeggyOrenstein,theauthorofCinderellaAteMyDaughter,relatedthestoryofafive-year-oldgirlwhocamehomedistraugh

tfromherafter-schoolprogramandtoldhermotherthatbothsheandtheboyshehadacrushonwantedtobeastronauts.(《灰姑娘吃了我的女儿》一书的作者PeggyOrenstein讲述了一个五岁女孩的故事

，她放学后回到家distraught，告诉母亲，她和她迷恋的男孩都想成为宇航员。)”其中划线词汇应为“忧心忡忡”的意思，选项A“心烦意乱的，不安的”与之意义最为接近。故选A项。【39题详解】推理判断题。结合文章大意，并根据最后一段中“Butw

henitcomestointegratingcareerandfamily,planningtoofarinadvancecanclosedoorsratherthanopenthem.Womenrarelymakeonebigd

ecisiontoleavetheworkforce.Instead,theymakealotofsmalldecisionalongtheway,makingaccommodationsandsacrif

icesthattheybelievewillberequiredtohaveafamily.(但是，当涉及到事业和家庭的融合时，过早的计划只会关上而不是打开了大门。女性很少会做出离开职场的重大决定。相反，他们一路

上会做出很多小的决定，做出他们认为组建家庭所必需的妥协和牺牲。)”可以推知，作者会同意过早地计划平衡事业和家庭阻碍了女性在职场的晋升的观点。故选D项。(B)BooksbyEconomistwritersMore.ByPhilipCoggan.Hachette;496pages

;$34.ProfileBooks;￡25AhistoryoftheglobaleconomybyourBartlebyColumnist.Coveringthedevelopmentofkeysectorssuchasmanufacturingandenergyprodu

ction,itshowshowlinksbetweenpeopleandcountrieshaveallowedindividualstogrownotjustmoreprosperous,butt

allerandstronger,andtolivelongerandhavemorechoiceinhowtheyruntheirlives.A“brilliantsurvey”,thoughttheTimes;a“fantasticsweep”,r

eckonedtheFinancialTimes.Coveted.ByMelanieGrant.Phaidon;208pages;$89.95and￡69.95When,asksthepictureandluxuryeditorof1843,does

jewelrymaketheleapfromfashionaccessorytoart?HerrichlyillustratedprofilesofleadingdesignersrangefromFaberge’sandCartier’slinkstoArtNou

veauandArtDeco,tothecollaborationbetweenGeorgJensen,aScandinavianbrand,withthearchitectZahaHadid.TheNewYorkTimess

aid“thebookshowedthecomplexity,powerandartisticimpactofgreatdesign.”IndependenceSquare.ByA.D.Miller.PegasusBooks;228pages;$25.95.HarvillS

ecker;￡14.99Anation’sfuture,andaman’sfate,hanginthebalanceinthisnovelofrevolutionandbetrayal.SetbetweenanicyunheavalinKyivandaLondonsummer,itstarsasl

yoligarch,anidealisticyoungactivistandadisgracedBritishdiplomat.“Utterlygripping,”saidtheObserver,“anovelwithitsfingeronthepulseofgeopolit

icsthatstillmanagestomovedeeply.”TheSpectatorcalledit“asearingindictmentofourtimes”.UnconventionalWisdom.EditedbyTomStand-age.EconomistBook

s;272pages;$11.99.ProfileBooks;￡8.99Acompendiumofourexplainerarticlesanddailycharts,whichspellouthowmuchaghostreducesahouse’svalue,h

owpregnancymakespeoplemorelaw-abidingandwhyfriendsprefersloppilywrappedChristmasgifts.Compiledbyoneofourde

putyeditors.TheBest.ByTimWig-moreandMarkWilliams.Moblus;256pages;$24.95.NicholasBrealey;￡20Acontributoronsportandhisco-auth

orcovertopicssuchaswhyyoungersiblingshavemorechanceofbecomingelitesportsmen,whymid-sizedtownsproducethemostchamp

ionsandthescienceofperformance.TheydrawoninterviewswithMarcusRash-ford,PeteSamprasandStephCurry,amongothers.

“Excellent”,saidtheAustralian.TheClassicalSchool.ByCallumWilliams.Hachette;288pages;$16.99.ProfileBooks;￡20Ahigh-speedhistoryofWest

erneconomicthought,byoursenioreconomicswriter,toldintheformof20biographies.AlongsidehouseholdnamessuchasAdamSmithandJohnStu

artMill,therearechaptersonlesser-knownfiguressuchasHarrietMartineauandDadabhaiNaoroji.TheTimescalledita“brisk,absorbinganden

tertaininghistorylesson”with“anengagingcastofcharacters”that“leavesyoualotwiser”.TheWake-UpCall.ByAdrianWoold-ridgeandJohnMicklethwait.HarperVia;176

pages;$18.ShortBooks;￡9.99Thepandemic,sayourpoliticaleditorandBloom-berg’seditor-in-chief,provesthatgovernmentisno

tjustadiversionforpoliticiansbutamatteroflifeanddeath.ThepoorperformanceofWesterndemocracies,particularlyAmericaandBritain,showshowfartheyhavefa

llenbehindtheFarEast,notablyChina.“Ashotinthearm,”saidtheFinancialTimes.“Fullmarksforsoundingthealarm,”saidtheTimesLiterarySuppleme

nt.40.WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Moreisadetailedsurveyofindividualopinionsabouthowglobaleconomyhasdevelopedth

roughthelinksbetweenpeopleandcountriessofar.B.Allofthebooksareoriginallywrittenbythewriter(s)listedafterthenameofthebook.C.IndependenceSqua

reisanovel,whichdescribeshistoricalissuesindifferentcitiessuchasKyivandLondonthroughthelifeofindividuals.D.Accordingto

TheWake-UpCall,thepandemicservesasanalarmforwesterndemocraciestoreflectontheroleofagovernment.41.Ifyouareinterestedin

readingstoriesoffamouspeopleandgettingwisdom,thebestchoiceforyouis________.A.CovetedB.UnconventionalWisdomC.TheBestD.TheClassicalSchool42.

Whichoneofthefollowingtopicsisnotincludedinthesebooks?A.economicsB.artsC.sportsD.geography【答案】40.D41.D42.D【解析】【

导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是经济学家作家写的几本书。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据TheWake-UpCall部分的“Thepandemic,sayourpoliticaleditorandBloom-berg’seditor-in-chief,provesthat

governmentisnotjustadiversionforpoliticiansbutamatteroflifeanddeath.ThepoorperformanceofWesterndemocracies,particularlyAmeric

aandBritain,showshowfartheyhavefallenbehindtheFarEast,notablyChina.(我们的政治编辑和彭博社的总编说，疫情证明政府不只是政客的消遣，而是一个生死攸关的问题。

西方民主国家(尤其是美国和英国)的糟糕表现表明，他们已经远远落后于远东国家，尤其是中国。)”可知，根据TheWake-UpCall这本书所写，大流行给西方民主国家敲响了警钟，让他们反思政府的作用。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据TheClas

sicalSchool部分的“AlongsidehouseholdnamessuchasAdamSmithandJohnStuartMill,therearechaptersonlesser-knownfiguressuchasHarrietMartineauandDadabhai

Naoroji.(除了亚当•斯密(AdamSmith)和约翰•斯图亚特•密尔(JohnStuartMill)等家喻户晓的名字外，书中还有一些章节介绍了哈里特•马蒂诺(HarrietMartineau)和达达巴海•娜罗吉(DadabhaiN

aoroji)等不太知名的人物。)”可知，如果你对阅读名人故事和获得智慧感兴趣，最好的选择是TheClassicalSchool，故选D。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据More部分的“AhistoryoftheglobaleconomybyourBartlebyColumnist

.(我们的专栏作家巴特比所写的全球经济的历史。)”可知，More是关于经济的；根据Coveted部分的“TheNewYorkTimessaid"thebookshowed“thecomplexity,powerandartisticimpact

ofgreatdesign.”(《纽约时报》称，“这本书展示了伟大设计的复杂性、力量和艺术影响力。”)”可知，Coveted这本书是关于艺术的；根据TheBest部分的“Acontributoronsportandhisco-authorcovertopicssuchaswh

yyoungersiblingshavemorechanceofbecomingelitesportsmen,whymid-sizedtownsproducethemostchampionsandthescienceofperformance.(一位体育撰稿人和他的合著者讨论了一些话题，比如为

什么弟弟妹妹更有可能成为精英运动员，为什么中等规模的城镇产生了最多的冠军，以及表现的科学。)”可知，TheBest这本书是关于体育的，因此这几本书里不包括地理这个话题，故选D。(C)Thelegendofthepotenti

althirdrunwayatHeathrow,Britain’slargestairport,hasbeencalledthelongesttake-offinhistory.Acommissionin1993recommendedexpansion,an

dthegovernmentfirstfavoredtheplanin2003.Butitwasnotuntil2018thatthetransportsecretaryfinallygavetheprojectthegoahead.AcourtofAppealruling

inFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobligationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefin

allyspoiledtheplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregreen-littheproject.TheinitialCourtofAppealjudgmentfoundtha

tthegovernment’sdecisiontoallowtheexpansiontogoaheadwasunlawfulbecauseChrisGrayling,thentransportsecre

tary,hadfailedtotaketheParisagreementintoaccount.WhilethatwasablowtoHeathrow,ithelpedgetBorisJohnson’sg

overnmentoutoftrouble.Mr.Johnson,whoseownconstituency(选民)isneartheairport,hasbeenafiercecriticoftheexpansionplans,famouslypl

edgingtoprotestersthathewould“liedownwithyouinfrontofthosebulldozers(推土机)and...stoptheconstruction.”Thegovernmentcho

senottoappeal,butHeathrowdid;andtheSupremeCourtdecidedthatthegovernmenthadtakenParisintoaccount,andth

eCourtofAppealwasthereforewrong.Evenso,theexpansionmaynotgoahead.Whiletheairlineindustryhaslongchampionedathirdru

nway,muchhaschangedsinceFebruary2020.BritishAirways,Heathrow’slargestcustomer,hasbecomeskepticalabouttheplans.EarlierthisyearW

illieWalsh,thechiefexecutiveofBA’sparentcompany,arguedthat“itwasaHerculeantask(艰巨的任务)beforeCOVIDandIthinki

t’simpossiblenow”.Althoughairtravelwillalmostcertainlyreboundassocial-distancingrestrictionsareeasedin2021,theindustryisnotexpectingaquickrecovery

.TheInternationalAirTravelAssociation,alobbygroup,expectsthatglobalspendingonairtravelwillbeabouthalfof2019levelsin2021.Short-haulflight

sfromBritainareexpectedtorisesharplyasthevaccineisrolledoutandconsumersdashofftosunnierclimes,buttheoutlookforlonger-haulflightsremainshighlyunce

rtain.Analystsreckonthebigunknownisthefutureofbusinesstravel.FirmsthathavegrownaccustomedtoZoommeetingsmaywellbelesskeen

tosplashoutonhigh-pricedticketsfromLondontoNewYork.Althoughbusinessflyersaccountforonlyaround10%oftransatlanticcustomertheypaytento12timesasmuchp

erticketaseconomypassengers.Asubstantialfallintheirnumberswouldmeanlargerisesinticketpricesfortherest,whichinturnwoulddentde

mand.Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHeathrowstartstolookropy.BorisJohnsonisunlik

elytohavetoprostrate(卧倒)himselfinfrontofthosebulldozerssoon,ifever.43.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueab

outthepotentialthirdrunwayatHeathrow?A.Itdidn’tgetsupportfromthegovernmentin2003.B.ItfailedtomeettheParisclimateagreementof2

015.C.Thetransportsecretarythenin2018didn’tthinkhighlyoftheproject.D.TheSupremeCourtgavethepermissiontoconstructtherunwayatt

heendof2020.44.Whichofthefollowingsubjectsismostsupportiveoftheconstructionofthethirdrunway?A.BorisJohnson’sgovernmentB.HeathrowairportC.

theairlineindustryD.theInternationalAirTravelAssociation45.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredaccordingtothepassage?A.Theairlineindustry

isexpectedtorecoversoonafterthevaccineispopularized.B.Zoommeetingsmakepossiblemorefrequenthigh-pricedbusinesstravel

sacrosstheAtlanticOcean.C.Businessflyershavealimitedinfluenceonthesalesandpricesofairtickets.D.Heathrowisallowedtobuildathirdrunway,butmaynolong

erneedone.46.Whichoneisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Heathrowexpansion:clearedfortake-off?B.Anunknownfuturefortheair

lineindustryC.Adilemmaforthegovernment:toexpandornot?D.BritishAirwaysarehungryfortravelers【答案】43.D44.B45.D46.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的

是希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的议案所引起的争议，虽然最后议案获准，但是它的前景可能是暗淡的。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“AcourtofAppealrulinginFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobli

gationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefinallyspoiledtheplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregr

een-littheproject”（2020年2月，上诉法院(courtofAppeal)裁定，跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务，这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日，最高法院推翻了这一判决，再次批准了该项目）可知，最高法院在2020年底批准建造跑道，因此D选项正确。故选

D。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的“Thegovernmentchosenottoappeal,butHeathrowdid;andtheSupremeCourtdecidedthatthegovernmentha

dtakenParisintoaccount,andtheCourtofAppealwasthereforewrong”（政府选择不上诉，但希思罗上诉了;最高法院认为政府考虑到了巴黎，因此上诉法院是错误的）可知，希思罗机场为了建第三条跑道而上诉

，因此它是最支持建设第三条跑道的，故选B。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHeat

hrowstartstolookropy”（如果长途航班数量仍然低迷，那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡）可知，希思罗机场获准修建第三条跑道，但可能不再需要了，故选D。【46题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“AcourtofAppea

lrulinginFebruary2020thattherunwaywasnotcompatiblewithBritain’sobligationsundertheParisclimateagreementof2015appearedtohavefinallyspoiledt

heplans.ButonDecember16htheSupremeCourtoverturnedthatjudgmentandoncemoregreen-littheproject”（2020年2月，上诉法院(courtofAppeal)裁定

，跑道不符合英国在2015年巴黎气候协议中承担的义务，这似乎最终破坏了计划。但在12月16日，最高法院推翻了这一判决，再次批准了该项目），及最后一段的“Asubstantialfallintheirnumberswouldmeanla

rgerisesinticketpricesfortherest,whichinturnwoulddentdemand.Iflong-haulflightvolumesremaindepressed,thenthebusinesscaseforathirdrunwayatHe

athrowstartstolookropy”（他们数量的大幅下降将意味着其余的票价将大幅上涨，而这反过来又将削弱需求。如果长途航班数量仍然低迷，那么希思罗机场修建第三条跑道的商业前景就开始变得黯淡）可知，本文主要讲的是希思罗机场建设第三条跑道的议案虽然遭到一些反对，但是它的

前景如何不确定，因此最好的题目是A选项Heathrowexpansion:clearedfortake-off?（希思罗机场扩建：可以起飞了吗?），故选A。SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwitha

propersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.AManhattanboutiq

uepeddles（叫卖、兜售）pandemicpresentsLastyearNewYorkersmighthavefoundapairofheadphonesorperhapssomewoollysocksintheirChristmasstockings.Someluckyducksmig

hthavefoundticketstoaBroadwayshow.____47____.Itisoneofthebigsellers,saysValerieZirema,whoworksinCV19Essential,NewYorkCity'sf

irstdedicatedcoronavirus-preventionshop.Theurban-survivalistshop,nearMacy'sdepartmentstore,lookslikeac

rossbetweenanAppleStoreandapharmacy.____48____Disposablemasksinfunpatternsandcolorsareespeciallypopular."Peop

lewantfashionandfunction,"saysBenjaminHu,theshop'smanager.Andtheylovethegadgets,manyofthemtouchlesstechnology.Aswellascheapergoodies

likethemasksandUVwands,theshopalsosellsa$10,000systemwhichscanspeople'stemperatureastheyenterashop.Anotherdevicecandetectifsomeo

neisnotwearingamaskandsoundanalarm.____49____Mostofficeworkersareworkingfromhomeandtouristshavedisappeared.Thecityhasseenanalarm

ingjumpincovid-19cases,whichhavemorethantripledsincethestartofNovember.Hospitalizationsandintubationsareincreasing,too.Restaurantshaveclosedtheird

iningroomsagain.OnDecember14thBilldeBlasio,thecity'smayor,warnedNewYorkers"tobereadynowforafullshutdown,apauselikewehadbackattheend

ofthespring".Butthecovid-19shop,whichalsoprovidesrapidtestingandPCRtestingforthevirus,isseeinganincreaseinsales.CV19Essentialwasfou

ndedbyTonyPark,theownerofSamwonGarden,aKoreanBBQrestaurant.AfterhefitteditoutwithUVlightsystems,anti-microbialfi

lmandafacialthermalscanner,otherfirmscamelookingforadvice.____50____.Hehassinceopenedasecondbranch.OnDecember14th2020,evenasNewYorkpreparedtoshutdo

wnagain,health-careworkersbeganadministeringthefirstdosesofthePfizer-BioN-TechvaccineintheboroughofQueens.Iftheroll-outgoestoplant,thosesanitizingw

andsmightsoonendupinadrawer,alongwithotherforgottengifts.A.Ithaseverythingatech-minded,fashion-consciousNewYorkercouldwa

nttonavigateapandemic.B.Yetwithluckbusinessmaynotbebrisk（忙碌的）forlong.C.MidtownofManhattanisquietnow.

D.However,openingsafetyboutiquesandtestingcentersgearedtowardsanxiousNewYorkersisclever.E.Seeingabusinessopportunity,inSeptemberMr.Parkopenedhisfi

rstcovid-19shopinaspacewhereheoriginallyintendedtohaveanotherrestaurant.F.Thisyear'smostpopularstocking-stuffermaybetheport

ableultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand,whichcomeswithahandybag.【答案】47.F48.A49.C50.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述在曼哈顿贩卖防疫商品的商店正在兴起。【47题详解】由上文

“LastyearNewYorkersmighthavefoundapairofheadphonesorperhapssomewoollysocksintheirChristmasstockings.Someluckyducksmi

ghthavefoundticketstoaBroadwayshow.（去年，纽约人可能在他们的圣诞长袜里发现了一副耳机或者一些羊毛袜。一些幸运的人可能找到了百老汇演出的票。）”可知，上文主要讲去年一些流行的物品，可知，选项在说明今年在圣诞

袜子里发现的东西。F项Thisyear'smostpopularstocking-stuffermaybetheportableultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand,whichcomeswithahandybag（今年最受欢迎的袜子填充器可能是便携式紫外线消毒棒

，它带有一个方便的袋子）符合语境，其中“Thisyear”与上文的“Lastyear”对应，“ultraviolet-lightsanitizerwand”与后文“coronavirus-preventionshop”对应。故选F项。【48题详解】由前文“Theurban-surviva

listshop,nearMacy'sdepartmentstore,lookslikeacrossbetweenanAppleStoreandapharmacy.（这家城市生存主义商店位于梅西百货附近，看起来像是苹果商店和药店的结合体。）”可知，这里主要在介绍Theurban-s

urvivalistshop，而A项Ithaseverythingatech-minded,fashion-consciousNewYorkercouldwanttonavigateapandemic（它拥有一个有科技头脑、有时尚意识的纽约人在流感大流行期间

想要拥有的一切。）符合题意，其中“It”指代前面“Theurban-survivalistshop”；“tech-minded,fashion-conscious”和后文“fashionandfunction”对应。故选A项。【49题详解】由后文“

Mostofficeworkersareworkingfromhomeandtouristshavedisappeared.Thecityhasseenanalarmingjumpincovid-19cas

es,whichhavemorethantripledsincethestartofNovember.（大多数上班族都在家工作，游客也不见了。该城市在2019冠状病毒疾病病例中出现了惊人的增长，自十一月开始以来已经增加了两倍多。）”可知，这里主要讲城

市受疫情影响，变得安静了很多。C项MidtownofManhattanisquietnow（曼哈顿中城现在很安静）符合语境，其中“MidtownofManhattan”与后文“Thecity”对应，“quiet”与后文“disappeared”

对应。故选C项。【50题详解】由前文“CV19EssentialwasfoundedbyTonyPark,theownerofSamwonGarden,aKoreanBBQrestaurant.AfterhefitteditoutwithUVlightsystems,an

ti-microbialfilmandafacialthermalscanner,otherfirmscamelookingforadvice.（CV19Essential由韩国烧烤餐厅三原花园的所有者TonyPark创建。在他安

装了紫外线系统、抗菌膜和面部热扫描仪之后，其他公司也来寻求建议。）”可知，这段主要在讲TonyPark建造的CV19Essential，而E项Seeingabusinessopportunity,inSeptemberMr.Parkopenedhisfirstcovid-19shopi

naspacewhereheoriginallyintendedtohaveanotherrestaurant（九月，Park先生看到了一个商机，在他原本打算拥有另一家餐馆的地方，他开了第一家covid-19商店）符合文

意，其中，“hisfirstcovid-19shop”和后文的“asecondbranch”对应。故选E项。第II卷IV.SummaryWriting51.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandth

emainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.UnshellfishloveAmidaslumpintourism,onenationalparkinTha

ilandhasseenadramaticriseinvisitors.SonumerousarethehermitcrabsthrongingtheotherwiseemptybeachesofKo

hLantathatshellsforthemtoliveinhavebecomeascarcecommodity.TheThaigovernmentmovedquicklytoeasethehousin

gshortage,launchingapublicappealforemptyshellsthatnettedover200kg.OnDecember5ththeseweredistributedaroundt

heparkinaceremonymarkingthebirthdayofthelateking,BhumibolAdulyadej.Hermitcrabsrelyondiscardedshellstoprotecttheirsoftbodies,movingtolargershells

astheygrow.OnKohLantaandthesurroundingsmallerislands,theirrapidincreaseseemstobeanaturalphenomenon,ratherthandirectlyrelatedtotheabsenceoftourists.B

uttheshortageofshellsmaybeman-made;prettyoneshavelongbeengatheredtobesoldassouvenirs.Crabshadbeguntomakedow

ithpotentialdeath-trapssuchasplasticcapsandbottles.Theshelldrivewaspartofagovernmentinitiativeto“restorethebalan

ceofnature”.“Ihaveinstructedallnationalparkstodowhateverittakes,”saysVarawutSilpa-archa,theministerfornaturalresources.Hisins

pirationcomesfromthehiatus(间歇、空隙)intourismbroughtonbycovid-19.Abanoninternationalvisitorsandtheclosureofnatio

nalparkshavehelpednaturerebound,bringingblack-tippedreefsharksbackintoThaiwatersandendangeredleatherbackturtlesbackontoThaibeaches.Inthecoastalpro

vincesofPhangNgaandPhuket,turtleshavelaidthelargestnumberofeggsfor20years.Thegovernmenthasdecidedtotrytomimictherespite(暂缓、休息

)forcedonitbythecoronavirusinfuture.Fromnowon,allnationalparkswillberequiredtocloseforpartoftheoff-seasonan

dtolimitthenumberoftouriststhroughareservationsystemwhentheyareopen.Althoughsuchrestrictionsmeanreducedea

rningsfromtourismintheshortterm,inthelongerrunmorepristine(原始的、未开发的)parksmayhelptokeepthetouristscoming.________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________【答案】Adeclineintourismandhumanactivityhasledtoashortageoftheshellswhichthehermitcr

absdependon.Toaddresstheproblem,theThaigovernmenthelpshomelesshermitcrabsfindhomes.TheThaigovernmenthasdecidedtoreplicatethispolicyinthefu

turetorestoretheecology.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。旅游业下滑期间，许多寄居蟹涌入原本空旷的科兰塔海滩，供它们居住的贝壳变得供不应求。为了解决寄居蟹住房问题，泰国政府向公众发出

呼吁，要求提供净重超过200公斤的空贝壳，文章主要介绍泰国政府帮助无家可归的寄居蟹寻找庇护所。【详解】1.要点摘录①Amidaslumpintourism,onenationalparkinThailandhasseenadramaticriseinvisitors.②

TheThaigovernmentmovedquicklytoeasethehousingshortage,launchingapublicappealforemptyshellsthatnettedover200kg.③Buttheshortageofshellsm

aybeman-made;prettyoneshavelongbeengatheredtobesoldassouvenirs.④Hisinspirationcomesfromthehiatusintourismbroughtonbycovid-19.⑤Thegovernmenthasde

cidedtotrytomimictherespite(暂缓、休息)forcedonitbythecoronavirusinfuture.Fromnowon,allnationalparkswillberequiredtoclosefo

rpartoftheoff-seasonandtolimitthenumberoftouriststhroughareservationsystemwhentheyareopen.2.缜密构思将第1、2、3三个要点进行重组，将第4、5两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句Ade

clineintourismandhumanactivityhasledtoashortageoftheshellswhichthehermitcrabsdependon.Toaddresstheproblem,theThaigovernmenthe

lpshomelesshermitcrabsfindhomes.TheThaigovernmenthasdecidedtoreplicatethispolicyinthefuturetorestoretheecology.【点睛】[高分句型1]Adeclineintouri

smandhumanactivityhasledtoashortageoftheshellswhichthehermitcrabsdependon.(运用了which引导的定语从句)[高分句型2]Toaddresstheproblem,theThaig

overnmenthelpshomelesshermitcrabsfindhomes.(运用了动词不定式toaddress作目的状语)V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingth

ewordsgiveninthebrackets.52.根据新颁布的条例，学生不允许将手机带进校园。(Bynomeans)（汉译英）【答案】Bynomeansarestudentsallowedtobringmobilephonesintocampus,ac

cordingtothenewregulations.【解析】【详解】考查倒装句型、句子结构。表示“根据新颁布的条例”为accordingtothenewregulations，可位于句末，accordingto“根据”后接名词短语thenew

regulations构成介词短语，作状语；表示“学生不允许将手机带进校园”用一般现在时，描述规则性的内容，根据句意可知，应用一般现在时的被动语态，bynomeans“决不”位于句首，句子使用半倒装，表达为bynomeansarestudentsallowedtobringmobileph

onesintocampus，beallowedtodosth“被允许做某事”是习惯表达，动词不定式作补语，bringsthinto意为“使某物进入”。句首字母大写，故可翻译为Bynomeansarestudentsallowedtobringmobilephonesintocampus

,accordingtothenewregulations.53.在对抗这场大流行病的战役中，中国将继续秉持开放、透明、负责任的态度同世界卫生组织合作。(attitude)（汉译英）【答案】Intheb

attleagainstthepandemic,ChinawillcontinuetocooperatewiththeWHOinanopen,transparentandresponsiblemanner.【解析】【详解】考查时态和固定短语。“在对抗这场大流行病的战役

中”翻译为inthebattleagainstthepandemic，“中国将继续做某事”是Chinawillcontinuetodosth.，“秉持开放、透明、负责任的态度”翻译为inanopen,transparentandresponsiblemanner，“同世界卫生组织合作”是c

ooperatewiththeWHO，故翻译为Inthebattleagainstthepandemic,ChinawillcontinuetocooperatewiththeWHOinanopen,transparentandresponsiblemanner.54.当被问及究竟是

什么使她成为了专业的运动员和尖子生，她将秘密总结为“热情、专注和平衡”。（强调句）（汉译英）【答案】Whenaskedwhatexactlymadeheraprofessionalathleteandtopstudent,shesummedupitwasenthusias

m,concentrationandbalancethatmadeherdidit.【解析】【详解】考查强调句、从句、时态、短语及名词。根据句意可知，本句描述过去的内容，故用一般过去时。表示“当……时”用when引导时间状语从句；表示“被问及”用过去分词asked，表示被动；表示“专业

的运动员和尖子生”用aprofessionalathleteandtopstudent；表示“什么使她成为了专业的运动员和尖子生”用宾语从句whatexactlymadeheraprofessionalathleteandtopstudent；表示“究竟”用exactly；表示“总

结”用summedup；表示“热情”用enthusiasm；表示“专注”用concentration；表示“平衡”用balance；根据提示，此句使用强调句itwasenthusiasm,concentr

ationandbalancethatmadeherdidit。故答案为Whenaskedwhatexactlymadeheraprofessionalathleteandtopstudent,shesummedupitwasenthusiasm,concentrationandb

alancethatmadeherdidit.55.佛罗里达州(Florida)是一个受欢迎的疫苗旅游目的地，因为该州优先为65岁及以上的人接种，而且其他限制较少，这吸引了世界各地的游客。(dueto)（汉译英）【答案】Floridaisapopularvaccinetourismde

stinationduetothehighprioritygiventothoseaged65andolderinadditiontofewotherrestrictions,whichattractstravelersa

llovertheworld.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，“受欢迎的”使用形容词popular作定语，“疫苗”使用名词vaccine作定语，“旅游目的地”译为tourismdestination，“佛罗里达州

是一个受欢迎的疫苗旅游目的地”可译为Floridaisapopularvaccinetourismdestination；“由于”使用固定短语dueto，“优先65岁及以上的人”译为givehighprioritytothoseaged65andolder，dueto后接名词，故此处用

highpriority作宾语，因give和highpriority之间是动宾关系，所以用giventothoseaged65andolder作后置定语，故“因为该州优先为65岁及以上的人接种”译为duetothehighprioritygivento

thoseaged65andolder，“而且”使用固定短语inadditionto，“其他限制较少”译为名词短语fewotherrestrictions，“这吸引了世界各地的游客”译为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的内容，关系词

在从句中作主语，故用which引导，“吸引”使用动词attract，“游客”使用名词复数travelers，“世界各地的”使用固定短语allovertheworld作定语，关系代词which指代前面内容在从句中作主语，表示单数意义，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式

，故本句可译为Floridaisapopularvaccinetourismdestinationduetothehighprioritygiventothoseaged65andolderinadditiontofewotherrestrictions,whichattractstravel

ersallovertheworld.。VI.GuidedWriting56.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChines

e.目前，教育部办公厅印发了《关于加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知》。通知明确：学生不得将手机带入校园，若确有将手机带入校园需求的，须经学生家长同意、书面提出申请。申请一旦获批，学生进校后应将手机交由学校统一保管，禁止带入课堂。请你谈一谈这一通知的颁布反映了怎样的社会现状，以及这一规定将

起到怎样的作用。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofEducationhas

issuedanoticeonstrengtheningthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.Thenoticemakesitclearthatstudentsarenotallowed

tobringtheirmobilephonesintothecampus.Iftheydoneedtobringtheirmobilephonesintothecampus,theymustapplyinwritingwiththeconsentof

theirparents.Oncetheapplicationisapproved,studentsshouldleavetheirmobilephonesinthecustodyoftheschoolandarenotallowedtotakethemintoclass.Thep

romulgationofthisnoticereflectsthatprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents’saddictiontothemobilephonesaresostrongthatitish

ightimethatthegovernmentandtheschoolshouldtakeeffectivemeasurestorestrictorstoptheiruseofmobilephones.Thestudentsspendtoo

muchtimeonthemobilephonesplayinggamesorchattingwiththeirfriendsonsocialmediumplatforms,whichhasabadeffectontheirstudy.Parentsappealtothegovernmen

ttotakeactiontostopthisphenomenon.Ithinkthisrulecanhaveaverypositiveeffectonstudents.Withoutmobileph

ones,theyaremorefocusedontheirstudies,whichcanimprovetheirgrades.InthecaseoflessInternetaccess,thenegativenewsinthesocietywillgreatlyreducetheiri

mpact,whichisbeneficialtotheirformingapositiveattitudetowardslife,aswellastheirpersonalityandthedevelopmentofthewholesociety.【解析】【导语】本篇书

面表达属于议论文，要求考生谈一谈《关于加强中小学生手机管理工作的通知》的颁布反映了怎样的社会现状，以及这一规定将起到怎样的作用。【详解】1.词汇积累允许：allow→permit准许：consent→perm

ission反映：reflect→show专注于：focuson→concentrateon2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofEducationhasiss

uedanoticeonstrengtheningthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.拓展句：Atpresent,theGeneralOfficeoftheMinistryofE

ducationhasissuedanoticethatstrengthensthemanagementofmobilephonesforprimaryandsecondaryschoolstudents.【点睛】[高分句型1]Thenoticemakesitclearthatstuden

tsarenotallowedtobringtheirmobilephonesintothecampus.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)[高分句型2]Thestudentsspendtoomuchtimeonthemobilephonesp

layinggamesorchattingwiththeirfriendsonsocialmediumplatforms,whichhasabadeffectontheirstudy.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiang

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