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北京市海淀区2023-2024学年第一学期期末练习高三英语2024.01本试卷共10页,100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,30

分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Backin2008,IwasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighsc

hool.Attheendofoneclass,IchattedwithDavidGale,aseniorhighjumper,abouthowtoimprovehis1andhowmotivationplayedanimporta

ntroleinone'sachievement.He,outoftheblue,askedmewhatwouldhappenifhebroketheschoolrecord.Not2ofhispassionanddetermination,Ipausedforamome

nt,butthenpromisedthatIwouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.HewasveryexcitedandsuggestedthatIgopurchasethepaint.Nothingmo

rewasmentionedaboutthe3untiltwoweekslater,theyoungwarriorranintotheclassroomwithahugesmileonhisface."Ididit!Ibroketherecord!"heshoutedas

Iwasstillgatheringinformationto4whatIhadpromisedhim.Ijoinedinwiththehigh-fivesandfistbumps5him.Thenextday,itwasdone!

G-A-L-E.Hugeblueletterswithwhiteedges,theschoolcolors.Icouldseehisexcitementevensurpassedthesuccessitself.Actually,hiscoachsaidthewallwaspartofthe

6tobreaktherecord.Whathappenednextwastotallyamazing.Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthenameonthewalland7ho

wthey,too,couldbeconsideredforthewall.Withtheenormous8,Ihadtoaddmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.Ma

nyfolksadmittedtheywouldnothave9whattheydidifthewallhadn'tbeenpartofthereward.Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfar

beyondtheircomfortzonehelpedsetthe10higher.1.A.healthB.performanceC.talentD.knowledge2.A.proudB.afraidC.certainD.fond3.

A.promiseB.recordC.suggestionD.news4.A.describeB.recallC.explainD.picture5.A.encouragingB.admiringC.congratulatingD.greeting6.A.

excitementB.confidenceC.creativityD.motivation7.A.inquiredB.expectedC.insistedD.doubted8.A.effortB.experi

enceC.stressD.response9.A.adjustedB.achievedC.examinedD.displayed10.A.paceB.stageC.barD.tone第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文,根据短

文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。AWhenMarkwasdrivingtothemartialartsgymwherehetrainsandvolunteers,hesaw11lookedlikeapo

licepursuit.SoonMarkrealizedtheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituation.Jumpingoutofhiscar,Markidentifiedhimselfandspelledouthisintentio

n12（make）ittwo-on-oneintheofficer'sfavor.Then,withtheofficer13（struggle）tocontroltheman'supperbody,Markputhisw

eightontheman'slegs.Butthesuspectmanagedtorolltohisright,ontohisstomach.Markimmediately14（apply）amartialmovetocontrolhisshoulderandu

pperbody.Afewsecondslater,thesuspectgaveout.Theofficersecuredahandcuffandthethreatwasover.BGlassrecyclinghasbecomesuchabigindu

strythattheamountofglass15（recycle）isnotmeetingthedemandfornewglasstobeproduced.SomestatesinU.S.haveattemptedtoresolvethissituationinhopesofenco

uragingthe16（produce）ofglassoverplasticbyofferingmonetaryincentives（奖励）forglass.Forexample,Californiahasaspecialprogr

am17youcanearnfivecentsformostglassbottlesaswellasplasticonesandaluminumcanslessthan24ounces.Foritemsover24ounces,youcanearn10centseach.CIntheStat

es,tourismisclearlynotanenvironmentally"clean"industry.Peopledonotjustshowup,spend18（they）moneyandleave.Instead,theyshowup,andiftheyhavemore

moneythanthelocalsdo,theymoveinandtellafriend.Somorepeopleareattracted19thisplaceandmorehomesarebuilt

forthem.Butthesehomesareoftenpricingoutthelocals.Thehospitalityindustrydoescreatejobs,butmanyofthesejobsdon'tpay

alot.Thetaxesthatcomefromtourism20（use）tofixtheproblemsthattourismcausesinthefirstplace.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ADearColleague,IamwritingwithinformationaboutBACUniversitySumme

rTerm'sfourexcitingprogramsforhighschoolstudents.Theseprogramsprovidetheopportunitytostudyataworld-renowneduni-ve

rsity,strengthenEnglish-languageskillsandenjoysummerinBoston.Hereisabriefoverviewofourprograms:HighSchoolHonor

sisasix-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstakeBACUniversityundergraduatecoursesandearnupto8transferab

lecollegecredits.Studentsmustbeen-teringGrades10-12infall2024.AcademicImmersion（AIM）isathree-weeknon-creditresidentialprogramforstudentstof

ocusintensivelyonasingleacademictopic.ThissummerweareofferingthreeAIMtracks:Intro-ductiontoExperimentalPsychology,IntroductiontoMedicine,andCr

eativeWriting.Allthreetrackscombineclassroomworkwithhands-onexperientiallearningactivities.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade11orGrade12infall2024.SummerCha

llengeisatwo-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstaketwonon-creditseminarsoftheirchoiceandexperiencecolleg

elife.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade12infall2024.SummerPreviewisaone-weeknon-creditresidentialprograminwhichstu

dentsexploreonesubjectofinterestwhilepreviewingthecollegeexperience.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade9orGrade10infall2024.OurSummerTerm'spr

ogramsprovidestudentswithrigorousandcollaborativecollegelifeex-periencesthatenablethemtogainastrongsenseoftheirpersonalandacademicpotential.Eve

ryyear,ourstudentsformstrongfriendshipsastheyundertakechallengingcourseworkandparticipateinsocialevents.Ihaveenclosedaposterandaprogrambrochure.Ih

opeyouwillsharethisinformationwithyourstudents.Pleasefeelfreetocontactusviaemailatsummerhs@bac.eduifyouhavean

yquestionsaboutourprograms.Warmly,AmandaNelsonAssociateDirectorBACUniversitySummerTerm21.AGrade11studentinfall2024whoprefersonlineprogramscouldcho

ose______.A.HighSchoolHonorsB.AcademicImmersionC.SummerChallengeD.SummerPreview22.Accordingtothepassage,studentscan_______.A.getatleast8transfer

ablecreditsinHighSchoolHonorsB.gainbothknowledgeandpracticalexperienceinAIMC.earncreditsfromthecoursesinSummerChallengeD.e

ngageinin-depthresearchinSummerPreview23.What'sAmandaNelson'spurposeinwritingtheletter?A.Toevaluateasummercamp

.B.Topromotepre-collegeprograms.C.Torecommenduniversitycourses.D.Tointroducecollegelearningprojects.BInearly2018,Iwastrai

ningfortheLondonMarathon---thefirstandonlymarathonIwouldeverruninmylife.Ihadtreatedmyselftoanexpensivefitnesswatchthattrackedmytime

,paceandsplits.Attheendofmyfinaltrainingrun-anexhausting21miles（34km）---IthrewmyselfdownonthefloorthemomentIgothome,o

nlytoseemywatchhadfailedme.Twenty-onemilesbrieflyflashedonthescreenbeforeitwentblankanddisappearedforever.Iscreamedinpain.Thattragicimageofmecryi

ngonmylivingroomfloorprettymuchsumsupmyrelationshipwithexercisetrackingtechnology.Itcanbeatotaljoytowatchyourdatachangeonrunningappsasyouget

strongerandfaster.Ioncegotakickoutofit,butatsomepointitbecameastickIusedtopunishmyself.Iwouldwatchmypace,compareitwithotherpeople'sor

criticizemyselffornotdoingit30secondsfaster.Ineverreallyrecognizedexercisetrackingasaproblem.Itseemedtomethattrackingwastheroute

toself-improvement,andthepointwastoimprove,wasn'tit?Thepointwastobebetter.Inthepastyear,theconceptof"bei

ngbetter"hastakenonadifferentmeaning.Mymentalhealthdropped,andthingsthatwereonceeasysuchasbrushingmyteethbecameunima

ginablydifficult.Beingbetterstoppedmeaninggettingfasterorstronger.Itmeanttakingcareofmyselfandfeelingsomejoyinaday.OnceIstartedgettingbetter,I

reflectedonwhatinmylifemademehappyandwhatdidnot.So,Istoppedtrackingmyrunsandsimplydeletedyears'worthofdatath

atwasonceveryimportanttomeandnowmeantnothing.WhathasbecomeverycleartomesinceIquittrackingmyrunsisthatIgenuinely

lovedoingthem.Irunaroundmylocalparkwithasillylittlesmileonmyface.Iloveitsomuch.ButIdonotloverunningquickly.Idonotlikeraces.Idonotwanttobepushedtobefa

ster.ThingsInoticeaboutinyrunsnowinclude:howmylegsfeelandhowmymindfeelsafterwards-clearandfocused.Inoticedogs,thesmellofthewildplantsal

ongthecanalandthesunshine（OK,windandrain）onmyface.Iambetter.OrsometimesIamworse.ButeitherwayI'mslowlyploddingalong,andthat'sgood

enough.24.Theauthorcriedafterthefinaltrainingrunbecauseshe_____.A.hadtostopworkingoutB.becamephysicallywornoutC.lostthedataonthe

watchD.feltasharppaininthelegs25.Theauthorusedtoviewexercisetrackingas______.A.afunhobbyforenjoymentB.astrongneedforreco

gnitionC.amethodofescapingpunishmentD.awayofbeingabetterrunner26.Whatdoes"beingbetter"meantotheauthornow?A.Gettingpleasureoutofwin

ningraces.B.Beingmorefocusedonherlifegoal.C.Freeingherselffromdemandingtasks.D.Improvingheroverallwell-being.2

7.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Adjustmentbringshappiness.B.Passionisthekeytosuccess.C.Sportscontributetohappiness.D.Successequa

lsself-improvement.CAshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigitalTransformationandEducation4.0,th

eyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheircurricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanservetheuniver

sityofthefuture.ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfromreal-timedataan

dusesmachinelearning,simulation（模拟）,andreasoningtohelpdecision-making.Inotherwords,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlyco

mplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactreplicaofaphysicalthing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdataisusedtocreateamap

ontothevirtualmodel,thuscreatingaDigitalTwinofacampus.WhenschooladministratorslookattheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcam

pusisdoing.TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefitfromusingthetechnologyaswell.Forexa

mple,hybridclassroomshavebecomemoreandmorecommonnowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransiti

onintotheuniversityofthefuture.DigitalTwintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,h

elpsfac-ultycreatesimulationmodelsbasedoncourserequirements.DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelea

rningexperiencepossible.ByusingaDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighlyengagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,complex,orexpensivefortheclassroom.Rathe

rthanhands-onlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolearnanimalscienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansintheheal

thsciencelab,medicalstu-dentscanusethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstudy.Thecomplexityof

chemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.Byusing-DigitalTwinsinaVirtualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanac

hieveamaximumlevelofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewayandmuchfaster.Byrunni

ngsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentcondi-tions,understandfailureanddevelopanunderstandi

ngofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthesystemparameters（参数）andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults.S

omeuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,havein-corporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteachingcurri

cula,applyingittodisciplineslikearchi-tectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thisenhancesstuden

tmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreo-ver,theindustryencouragesuniversi

tiestoincorporateeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationtogivestudentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandski

llstheywillneedintheirfuture.28.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins______.A.remainaconceptB.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjectsC.re

presentfutureeducationD.canoperatecampusesremotely29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith

?A.Education4.0facilitatesthedevelopmentofDigitalTwins.B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers

.C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducationisonthehorizon.D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustry4.0.30.

Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?DTheideathatweneedtoeatmeattogetenoughproteinandiron

,afalseassumptionofsomePaleodiet（原始饮食）advocates,isacommonmisconception.Itignorestheabundanceofproteinandironinmanyplant-basedfoodssuchasnutsandse

eds.Likewise,whilewetypicallyassociateomega-3fattyacidswithfish,fishthemselvesincorporatetheseintotheirtissuebyeatin

gseaweed,whichwecanconsumedirectlywithouttheconcernsofexposuretomicroplasticsinfishflesh.Indeed,awhole-food,plant-baseddietcanprovideall

essentialnutrientsexceptforvitaminB12,madebybacteriainsoilandingestedbyanimals,therebyincorporatedintoth

eirtissue,milk,andeggs.Whilemodernsanitationallowshumanstoconsumecleanproduceunpollutedbydirt,wecaneasilyandcheaplyobtainor

alB12supplements.Evidently,significantlyreducingourconsumptionofmeatwouldcarryvastbenefits.Cardio-vascu

lardiseaseremainstheleadingcauseofdeatharoundtheworld.Eatinghighlyprocessedfoodsandredmeathasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedtopromoteunderlyingmechanis

msofcancerandcardiovasculardisease,suchasinflammation（炎症）anddamagetotheliningofbloodvessels（血管）.Mountingevidencepointstothebenefitsofa

whole-food,plant-baseddiet.Studiesfrom2017foundthatavegetariandietisassociatedwitha25percentrelativeriskreductionforcorona

ryheartdiseaseandan8percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer,withavegandietrelatedtoa15percentrelativeriskreduction

forcancer.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasclassifiedprocessedmeatascarcinogenic（致癌的）,and（unprocessed）redmeatasprobablycarcinogenictohu

mans.Inadditiontoharmingourselves,eatingmeatharmsothers.Factoryfarmingpracticesoftenen-tailunspeakablecruel

tytoanimals,andworkingconditionsforhumanlaborersareoftenunsafeandinhumaneaswell.Overcrowdingoflivestockandworkerspromotesthespre

adofdiseaseamongbothpeopleandanimals,puttingusalatriskforfuturepandemics.Theoveruseof"routine"antibi-otics（抗生素）

toaccelerateanimalgrowthandprecautiouslytreattheinfectionsanticipatedasaresultoflivinginuncleanandovercrowdedconditionscanpromoteantibioti

cresistance.Whilelarge-scale,well-coordinatednationalandinternationalactionisundoubtedlyneededtofightunscrupulousfactoryfarmingpract

ices-andtoensuretheavailabilityofnutritiousandhealthyfoodforallcitizens,thosewithgreaterinfluence,sucha

sphysicians,educatorsandpolicymakers,shouldconsidertheimportanceofactingasrolemodelsforhealthybehaviorsth

emselvesaswellasadvocatingforpoliciesthatensurebetternutritionalaccessandeducationforothers.Allofthe

seshouldnotbeexcusesforindividualstoresistimplementingchangeintheirownlivesandcommunities.Societieschangewhenenoughindividualswithinthe

maltertheirbehavior,anditisuptoeachofustoactasachangeagentinwhatevercapacitywecan.Wewouldallbewellservedtopullthislev

erinourownlivesaswell.31.Theauthorwritesthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyto______.A.showtheconcernsofPaleodietadvocatesB.co

mparethedifferencesbetweentwodietsC.highlighttheimportanceofnutritionintakeD.pointoutamisunderstandinginnutritionsourc

e32.Whichofthefollowinglogicchainsisreasonableaccordingtothepassage?33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unscrupulous"inParagraph6prob

ablymean?A.Illegal.B.Unfair.C.Immoral.D.Unnecessary.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AMeatlessDietIsBetterforYouB.FoodPr

oblemsCallforJointEffortsC.SayNotoProcessedMeatConsumptionD.EatableGreensorNot?ThatIsaQuestion第二节（共5小题；每小题

2分,共10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wehumansarecomparisoncreatures.35Thisqualityma

yhaveevolvedasameansofhelpingusfitintothesocialhierarchy（等级）oftheculturesweinhabited.Regardlessoftherea-sons,socialcomparisonpla

ysasignificantroleinhowweviewandevaluateourselves,andhowweinteractwithourworld.Itusedtobethatourprimaryreferenceofcomparis

onwasourlocalcommunities,primarilyneighborsandco-workers.Becausewetendtogatheraroundthosesimilartoourselvesintermsofeducationallevel,wo

rkincome,andsharedinterests,therangeofdifferenceswhenwecomparedourselvestootherswasfairlysmall.Unfortunately,withtheemergen

ceoftheInternet,wecannowcompareourselvestoliterallyanyoneintheworld.36Whathadinpreviousgenerationsbeenasmallgapinourcomparis

onshasnowbecomesolargeandunattainable.37WhensomanypeoplethatareeasilydiscoverableontheInternetseemtobesosuccessful,famous,influentialandbeau

tiful,givenourpreferencetocompare,itisdifficultnottohaveitinflu-encehowweviewourselves.Sadly,thesecomparisonsusuallyresultinourfeelinginadequateand

"lessthan".Theseharmfulcomparisonsalsodamageouremotionallives.Whenwefeellacking,weexperi-enceavarietyofunpleasantandunheal

thyemotions.Wefeeljealousyandenvyforwhatothershaveandwhatwelack.38It'sonethingtorealizethatyoucompareyourselftoothers.It'sanotherthingt

orecognizethatsocialcomparisonisoftencorrosive（逐步侵蚀的）toyouinsomanywayspsychologicallyandemotionally.It'sanentirelyotherthingto

stopyourselffromcomparingyourselftoothers.39A.Weareconstantlymeasuringourselvesagainstotherpeople.B.

Yetitispossible,anditisworththeeffortforyourmentalhealth.C.Thus,wearenowexposedtogroupsthatarequitedifferentfromus.D.Webelievethatt

hereissomethingwrongwithuscomparedtoothers.E.Wecanevenfeelbitternessandangeratothersfortheunfairnessofitall.F.Comparingour

selvestoothershasthepotentialtoincreaseourlifeexperience.G.Thisnewlevelofcomparisonhashugeimplicationsforourpsy

chologicallives.第三部分书面表达（共两节,32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分）阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域内作答。Eg

ocentrismistheinabilitytoaccuratelyunderstandanyperspectiveotherthanone'sown.Tothosewhoareegocentric,therearetwotypesofopinions:"mineandthewrong

ones".Egocentrismisveryunpleasant.Sufferingfromit,peopleoftenfindthemselvesinasituationofconflictorlonelinessbecausetheydono

trecognizetherightsofotherstotheirpersonalfeelings,desires,andinterests.Theyalsofailtolookatcircumstancesfromtheotherperson'sside.Humanitymustovercom

eittoseeaholistic（全面的）pictureoftheworldandobjectivelyassesssituations.Itisessentialtobeafair-mindedindividualsinceegocent

rismisaqualitythatisnoteasytolivewith,makingithardforustointeractwithpeopleandmoveforward.Actually,overcomingthisdistur

bingqualityhasalwaysbeenmypursuit.Themaingoalinmyiifeisbasedonthesearchforinnerbalance,harmony,positivity,andtheri

ghtattitudetolifecases.Thus,Iwilibeabletoimprovemylifeandhelpotherpeopleinthepracticeofthisaspect.Moreover,Ioftenremindmyselftoacc

eptdifferencesandrememberthatacorrectattitudetodifferentperson-alities,theirpreferences,andinterestsleadstosuccessinanytasks.The

formationanddevelopmentofafairmindcanbepracticedalmosteverywhere.Forexample,inagrocerystore,weneedtoputourselvesinthep

laceoftheseller'sandshouldnotimmediatelytakeoffenseandarguewhenwearegivenanunripebananaorburntbread.Itisimportanttor

emem-berthatasellerisnotobligedtoplayalongatall;thisisthesamepersonwithhisuniquenature.Noteveryoneagreeswithe

veryoneelse,butifyouabsolutelyrefusetoconsideranotherperson'sperspective,that'swhenegocentrismbecomesaseriousconcern.Sowhynottrytocorrectthis

be-haviorandbemorefair-minded?40.Whatisegocentrism?41.Whydoesegocentrismoftenleadtoconflicts?42.Pleasedecidewhichparti

sfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.➢Egocentrismbecomesaproblemwhensomeonedoesn'tagreewithothers.

43.Pleaseshareoneofyourownexperiencesaboutyourpracticingbeingfair-minded.（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将在春节期间举行中外学生联欢会。请你用

英文写一封邮件通知交换生,内容包括：1.目的与安排；2.报名方式。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dearfriends,Sincerely,LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）