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北京市海淀区2023-2024学年第一学期期末练习高三英语2024.01本试卷共10页,100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上,在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题纸一并交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节,30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共

15分）阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Backin2008,IwasteachingConceptsofFitnessinahighsch

ool.Attheendofoneclass,IchattedwithDavidGale,aseniorhighjumper,abouthowtoimprovehis1andhowmotivationplayedanimportantrole

inone'sachievement.He,outoftheblue,askedmewhatwouldhappenifhebroketheschoolrecord.Not2ofhispassionanddetermination,Ipausedforamoment,butthenp

romisedthatIwouldpainthisnameonthewallofourclassroom.HewasveryexcitedandsuggestedthatIgopurchasethepaint.Nothingmorewasmentionedaboutthe3untiltwoweek

slater,theyoungwarriorranintotheclassroomwithahugesmileonhisface."Ididit!Ibroketherecord!"heshoutedasIwasstillgatheri

nginformationto4whatIhadpromisedhim.Ijoinedinwiththehigh-fivesandfistbumps5him.Thenextday,itwasdone!G-A-L-E.Hugeblueletterswithwhiteedges,theschoolc

olors.Icouldseehisexcitementevensurpassedthesuccessitself.Actually,hiscoachsaidthewallwaspartofthe6tobreaktherec

ord.Whathappenednextwastotallyamazing.Manystudents,evenfromotherclasses,sawthenameonthewalland7howthey,too,couldbe

consideredforthewall.Withtheenormous8,Ihadtoaddmorenamestothewall,andmorethan100namesappearedthereinthefollowing10years.Manyfolksadmittedthey

wouldnothave9whattheydidifthewallhadn'tbeenpartofthereward.Moreimportantly,allthosewhosteppedfarbeyondtheircomfortzonehelpedsetth

e10higher.1.A.healthB.performanceC.talentD.knowledge2.A.proudB.afraidC.certainD.fond3.A.promiseB.recordC.suggestionD.news4.A.describeB.recallC.explai

nD.picture5.A.encouragingB.admiringC.congratulatingD.greeting6.A.excitementB.confidenceC.creativityD.motivation7.A.inquiredB.expectedC.i

nsistedD.doubted8.A.effortB.experienceC.stressD.response9.A.adjustedB.achievedC.examinedD.displayed10.

A.paceB.stageC.barD.tone第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。

AWhenMarkwasdrivingtothemartialartsgymwherehetrainsandvolunteers,hesaw11lookedlikeapolicepursuit.SoonMarkreal

izedtheofficerdidnothavecontrolofthesituation.Jumpingoutofhiscar,Markidentifiedhimselfandspelledouthisintention12（make）ittwo-on-oneintheofficer's

favor.Then,withtheofficer13（struggle）tocontroltheman'supperbody,Markputhisweightontheman'slegs.Butthesuspectmanagedtoroll

tohisright,ontohisstomach.Markimmediately14（apply）amartialmovetocontrolhisshoulderandupperbody.Afewsecond

slater,thesuspectgaveout.Theofficersecuredahandcuffandthethreatwasover.BGlassrecyclinghasbecomesuchabigindustrythattheamountofglass15

（recycle）isnotmeetingthedemandfornewglasstobeproduced.SomestatesinU.S.haveattemptedtoresolvethissituationin

hopesofencouragingthe16（produce）ofglassoverplasticbyofferingmonetaryincentives（奖励）forglass.Forexample,Californiahasa

specialprogram17youcanearnfivecentsformostglassbottlesaswellasplasticonesandaluminumcanslessthan24ounces.Foritemsover24ounces,youcan

earn10centseach.CIntheStates,tourismisclearlynotanenvironmentally"clean"industry.Peopledonotjustshowup,spend18（they）moneyandleave

.Instead,theyshowup,andiftheyhavemoremoneythanthelocalsdo,theymoveinandtellafriend.Somorepeopleareattracted19thisplaceandmorehomesarebuiltforthem.But

thesehomesareoftenpricingoutthelocals.Thehospitalityindustrydoescreatejobs,butmanyofthesejobsdon'tpayalot.The

taxesthatcomefromtourism20（use）tofixtheproblemsthattourismcausesinthefirstplace.第二部分阅读理解（共两节,38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分,共28分）阅读下列短文,

从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。ADearColleague,IamwritingwithinformationaboutBACUniversitySummerTerm'sfourexcitingprogramsforhighschool

students.Theseprogramsprovidetheopportunitytostudyataworld-renowneduni-versity,strengthenEnglish-languageskillsandenjoysummerinBoston.Herei

sabriefoverviewofourprograms:HighSchoolHonorsisasix-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstakeBACUniversityunderg

raduatecoursesandearnupto8transferablecollegecredits.Studentsmustbeen-teringGrades10-12infall2024.AcademicImmersion（AIM）isathree-week

non-creditresidentialprogramforstudentstofocusintensivelyonasingleacademictopic.ThissummerweareofferingthreeAIMtracks:Intro-ductiontoExperimentalPs

ychology,IntroductiontoMedicine,andCreativeWriting.Allthreetrackscombineclassroomworkwithhands-onexperientiallearningactivities.Studentsmustb

eenteringGrade11orGrade12infall2024.SummerChallengeisatwo-weekresidentialoronlineprograminwhichstudentstaketwonon-creditseminarsoft

heirchoiceandexperiencecollegelife.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade12infall2024.SummerPreviewisaone-weeknon-creditresidentialprogra

minwhichstudentsexploreonesubjectofinterestwhilepreviewingthecollegeexperience.StudentsmustbeenteringGrade9orGrade10infall2024.OurSummer

Term'sprogramsprovidestudentswithrigorousandcollaborativecollegelifeex-periencesthatenablethemtogainastrongsenseofth

eirpersonalandacademicpotential.Everyyear,ourstudentsformstrongfriendshipsastheyundertakechallengingcourseworkandparticipateinsocialevents.Ihaveenclo

sedaposterandaprogrambrochure.Ihopeyouwillsharethisinformationwithyourstudents.Pleasefeelfreetocontactusviaemailatsummerhs@bac.eduifyouhaveanyques

tionsaboutourprograms.Warmly,AmandaNelsonAssociateDirectorBACUniversitySummerTerm21.AGrade11studentinfall2024whoprefersonlineprogramscould

choose______.A.HighSchoolHonorsB.AcademicImmersionC.SummerChallengeD.SummerPreview22.Accordingtothep

assage,studentscan_______.A.getatleast8transferablecreditsinHighSchoolHonorsB.gainbothknowledgeandpracticalexperienceinAIMC.earncreditsfromthecourses

inSummerChallengeD.engageinin-depthresearchinSummerPreview23.What'sAmandaNelson'spurposeinwritingtheletter?A.Toevaluateasummercamp.B.Topromotepre-col

legeprograms.C.Torecommenduniversitycourses.D.Tointroducecollegelearningprojects.BInearly2018,Iwastrainingfo

rtheLondonMarathon---thefirstandonlymarathonIwouldeverruninmylife.Ihadtreatedmyselftoanexpensivefitnesswatchthattrackedm

ytime,paceandsplits.Attheendofmyfinaltrainingrun-anexhausting21miles（34km）---IthrewmyselfdownonthefloorthemomentIgoth

ome,onlytoseemywatchhadfailedme.Twenty-onemilesbrieflyflashedonthescreenbeforeitwentblankanddisappearedforever.Iscreamedinpain.Thattragicima

geofmecryingonmylivingroomfloorprettymuchsumsupmyrelationshipwithexercisetrackingtechnology.Itcanbeatotaljoytowatch

yourdatachangeonrunningappsasyougetstrongerandfaster.Ioncegotakickoutofit,butatsomepointitbecameastickIusedtopunishmyself.Iwouldwatchmy

pace,compareitwithotherpeople'sorcriticizemyselffornotdoingit30secondsfaster.Ineverreallyrecognizedexercisetr

ackingasaproblem.Itseemedtomethattrackingwastheroutetoself-improvement,andthepointwastoimprove,wasn'tit?Thepointwastobebetter.Inthep

astyear,theconceptof"beingbetter"hastakenonadifferentmeaning.Mymentalhealthdropped,andthingsthatwereonceea

sysuchasbrushingmyteethbecameunimaginablydifficult.Beingbetterstoppedmeaninggettingfasterorstronger.I

tmeanttakingcareofmyselfandfeelingsomejoyinaday.OnceIstartedgettingbetter,Ireflectedonwhatinmylifemademehappyandwhatdidnot.So,Istoppedtrackingmyr

unsandsimplydeletedyears'worthofdatathatwasonceveryimportanttomeandnowmeantnothing.WhathasbecomeverycleartomesinceIquittrackingmyru

nsisthatIgenuinelylovedoingthem.Irunaroundmylocalparkwithasillylittlesmileonmyface.Iloveitsomuch.ButIdonotloverunningquickly.Idonotlikeraces

.Idonotwanttobepushedtobefaster.ThingsInoticeaboutinyrunsnowinclude:howmylegsfeelandhowmymindfeelsafterwards-clearandf

ocused.Inoticedogs,thesmellofthewildplantsalongthecanalandthesunshine（OK,windandrain）onmyface.Iambetter.OrsometimesIamworse.ButeitherwayI'

mslowlyploddingalong,andthat'sgoodenough.24.Theauthorcriedafterthefinaltrainingrunbecauseshe_____.A.hadtostopworkingoutB.becamephysicallywornoutC

.lostthedataonthewatchD.feltasharppaininthelegs25.Theauthorusedtoviewexercisetrackingas______.A.afunhobbyfo

renjoymentB.astrongneedforrecognitionC.amethodofescapingpunishmentD.awayofbeingabetterrunner26.Whatdoes"beingb

etter"meantotheauthornow?A.Gettingpleasureoutofwinningraces.B.Beingmorefocusedonherlifegoal.C.Freeingherselffromdemandingtasks.D.Improvingherovera

llwell-being.27.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Adjustmentbringshappiness.B.Passionisthekeytosucce

ss.C.Sportscontributetohappiness.D.Successequalsself-improvement.CAshighereducationleadersdivedeeperintotheconversationonDigit

alTransformationandEducation4.0,theyarealsolearninghowtoincorporatetheDigitalTwinsrealmconceptintotheircurricula,becauseDigitalTwintechnologycanserv

etheuniversityofthefuture.ADigitalTwinisavirtualrepresentationofarealobjectorsystemwhichisupdatedfromreal-timedataandusesmachi

nelearning,simulation（模拟）,andreasoningtohelpdecision-making.Inotherwords,aDigitalTwincancreateahighlycomplexvirtualmodelwhichistheexactr

eplicaofaphysicalthing.Connectedsensorsonasmartcampuscancollectdatainrealtime.Thisdataisusedtocreateamapontothevirtualmodel,thuscreat

ingaDigitalTwinofacampus.WhenschooladministratorslookattheDigitalTwin,theycanseecrucialinformationabouthowtherealcampusisdo

ing.TheapplicationsforDigitalTwintechnologydonotstopthere.Studentsandfacultycanbenefitfromusingthetechnolo

gyaswell.Forexample,hybridclassroomshavebecomemoreandmorecommonnowadays.Digitaltechnologieshaveacceleratedthetransiti

onintotheuniversityofthefuture.DigitalTwintechnology,oneofthetrendingtechnologiesrelatedtoIndustry4.0,helpsfac-ultycreatesimulationmodelsbased

oncourserequirements.DigitalTwintechnologymakestheultimateimmersivelearningexperiencepossible.ByusingaDigitalTwin,studentscanlearnhighly

engagingtaskswhichcanbetoodangerous,complex,orexpensivefortheclassroom.Ratherthanhands-onlaboratorydissectionofaphysicalfrogtolea

rnanimalscienceorhavingtowaitforavailablehumanorgansinthehealthsciencelab,medicalstu-dentscanusethevirtualtwinofananimalorhumanorgansfortheirstu

dy.Thecomplexityofchemistryormicrobiologyrequiresstudentstobetotallyengaged.Byusing-DigitalTwinsinaVir

tualRealitysimulatedlearningexperience,facultycanachieveamaximumlevelofengagementhelpingeachstudentlearnabstractconceptsintheirownuniquewaya

ndmuchfaster.Byrunningsimulations,studentscanbetterexploresystembehaviorunderdifferentcondi-tions,understandfailureanddeve

lopanunderstandingofsystemsensibilitiesaswellashowchangesinthesystemparameters（参数）andexternaldisruptionsmakeanimpactontheresults

.Someuniversities,suchasStanfordandCopenhagenSchoolofMarineEngineering,havein-corporatedDigitalTwintechnologyintotheirteaching

curricula,applyingittodisciplineslikearchi-tectureandengineeringastheybelievetheyaretherealityoftheindustry.Overall,thise

nhancesstudentmotivation,acceleratesunderstanding,andimprovestheoveralllearningexperience.Moreo-ver,theindustryencouragesuniversitiestoincorpora

teeducationalDigitalTwinsinautomationtogivestudentstheinitialunderstandingoftoolsandskillstheywillneedintheirfuture.2

8.ItcanbelearnedfromParagraph2thatDigitalTwins______.A.remainaconceptB.arevirtualcopiesofrealobjectsC.r

epresentfutureeducationD.canoperatecampusesremotely29.Whichofthefollowingstatementsmighttheauthoragreewith?A.Education4.0facilitatesthedeve

lopmentofDigitalTwins.B.Newtechnologyposespotentialthreatstocollegeteachers.C.DigitalTwintechnologyinhighereducat

ionisonthehorizon.D.VirtualclassroomshavegrowninpopularityunderIndustry4.0.30.Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?DTheideathatweneedtoe

atmeattogetenoughproteinandiron,afalseassumptionofsomePaleodiet（原始饮食）advocates,isacommonmisconception.Iti

gnorestheabundanceofproteinandironinmanyplant-basedfoodssuchasnutsandseeds.Likewise,whilewetypicallyassociateomega-3fattyacidswithfish,fishthemselves

incorporatetheseintotheirtissuebyeatingseaweed,whichwecanconsumedirectlywithouttheconcernsofexposuretomicroplasticsinfishflesh.Indeed,awh

ole-food,plant-baseddietcanprovideallessentialnutrientsexceptforvitaminB12,madebybacteriainsoilandingestedbyanimals,therebyincorpor

atedintotheirtissue,milk,andeggs.Whilemodernsanitationallowshumanstoconsumecleanproduceunpollutedbydirt,wecaneasilyandc

heaplyobtainoralB12supplements.Evidently,significantlyreducingourconsumptionofmeatwouldcarryvastbenefits.Cardio-vasculardiseas

eremainstheleadingcauseofdeatharoundtheworld.Eatinghighlyprocessedfoodsandredmeathasbeenrepeatedlydemonstratedtopromoteunderlyingmechanismsofcance

randcardiovasculardisease,suchasinflammation（炎症）anddamagetotheliningofbloodvessels（血管）.Mountingevidencepointstothebenefitsofawhole-food,plant-ba

seddiet.Studiesfrom2017foundthatavegetariandietisassociatedwitha25percentrelativeriskreductionforcoronaryh

eartdiseaseandan8percentrelativeriskreductionforcancer,withavegandietrelatedtoa15percentrelativeriskreductio

nforcancer.TheWorldHealthOrganizationhasclassifiedprocessedmeatascarcinogenic（致癌的）,and（unprocessed）redmeatasprobablycarcinogenict

ohumans.Inadditiontoharmingourselves,eatingmeatharmsothers.Factoryfarmingpracticesoftenen-tailunspeakablecrueltytoanimals,andworkingconditions

forhumanlaborersareoftenunsafeandinhumaneaswell.Overcrowdingoflivestockandworkerspromotesthespreadofdiseaseamongbothpeopleandanimals

,puttingusalatriskforfuturepandemics.Theoveruseof"routine"antibi-otics（抗生素）toaccelerateanimalgrowthandprecautiouslytreattheinfectionsanticipat

edasaresultoflivinginuncleanandovercrowdedconditionscanpromoteantibioticresistance.Whilelarge-scale,well-coordinatednati

onalandinternationalactionisundoubtedlyneededtofightunscrupulousfactoryfarmingpractices-andtoensuretheavailabilityofnutritiousa

ndhealthyfoodforallcitizens,thosewithgreaterinfluence,suchasphysicians,educatorsandpolicymakers,shouldconsidertheimportanceofactingasrolemodelsforhea

lthybehaviorsthemselvesaswellasadvocatingforpoliciesthatensurebetternutritionalaccessandeducationforothers.Alloftheseshouldnotbeexcus

esforindividualstoresistimplementingchangeintheirownlivesandcommunities.Societieschangewhenenoughindividualswithinthemaltertheirbehavior,anditisupto

eachofustoactasachangeagentinwhatevercapacitywecan.Wewouldallbewellservedtopullthisleverinourownlivesaswell.31.Theauthorwrit

esthefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyto______.A.showtheconcernsofPaleodietadvocatesB.comparethedifferencesbetweentwodietsC.highlighttheimportanceofnu

tritionintakeD.pointoutamisunderstandinginnutritionsource32.Whichofthefollowinglogicchainsisreasonableaccordingtothepassage?33.

Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unscrupulous"inParagraph6probablymean?A.Illegal.B.Unfair.C.Immoral.D.Unnecessary.34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebest

titleforthepassage?A.AMeatlessDietIsBetterforYouB.FoodProblemsCallforJointEffortsC.SayNotoProcessedMeatConsumptionD.Eatabl

eGreensorNot?ThatIsaQuestion第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,共10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wehumansarecomparis

oncreatures.35Thisqualitymayhaveevolvedasameansofhelpingusfitintothesocialhierarchy（等级）oftheculturesweinhabited.

Regardlessoftherea-sons,socialcomparisonplaysasignificantroleinhowweviewandevaluateourselves,andhowweinteractwithourworld.Itusedtobethat

ourprimaryreferenceofcomparisonwasourlocalcommunities,primarilyneighborsandco-workers.Becausewetendtogather

aroundthosesimilartoourselvesintermsofeducationallevel,workincome,andsharedinterests,therangeofdifferenceswhenwecom

paredourselvestootherswasfairlysmall.Unfortunately,withtheemergenceoftheInternet,wecannowcompareourselvestoliterallyanyoneintheworld.36Whathadin

previousgenerationsbeenasmallgapinourcomparisonshasnowbecomesolargeandunattainable.37WhensomanypeoplethatareeasilydiscoverableontheI

nternetseemtobesosuccessful,famous,influentialandbeautiful,givenourpreferencetocompare,itisdifficultnottohaveitinflu-encehowweviewourselves.Sa

dly,thesecomparisonsusuallyresultinourfeelinginadequateand"lessthan".Theseharmfulcomparisonsalsodamageouremotionallives.Whenwefeellacking,weex

peri-enceavarietyofunpleasantandunhealthyemotions.Wefeeljealousyandenvyforwhatothershaveandwhatwelack.38It's

onethingtorealizethatyoucompareyourselftoothers.It'sanotherthingtorecognizethatsocialcomparisonisoftencorrosive（逐步侵蚀的）toyouinsomanywaysp

sychologicallyandemotionally.It'sanentirelyotherthingtostopyourselffromcomparingyourselftoothers.39A.Weareconstantlymeasuringourselvesagain

stotherpeople.B.Yetitispossible,anditisworththeeffortforyourmentalhealth.C.Thus,wearenowexposedtogroupsthatarequitedifferentfromus.D.W

ebelievethatthereissomethingwrongwithuscomparedtoothers.E.Wecanevenfeelbitternessandangeratothersfortheunfairnessofitall.F.Comparingours

elvestoothershasthepotentialtoincreaseourlifeexperience.G.Thisnewlevelofcomparisonhashugeimplicationsforourpsychologicallives.第三部分书面表达（共两节,

32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分）阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题纸指定区域内作答。Egocentrismistheinabili

tytoaccuratelyunderstandanyperspectiveotherthanone'sown.Tothosewhoareegocentric,therearetwotypesofopinions:"mineandthewrongones".Egocentrismisve

ryunpleasant.Sufferingfromit,peopleoftenfindthemselvesinasituationofconflictorlonelinessbecausetheydonotrecognizetherightsofotherstotheirp

ersonalfeelings,desires,andinterests.Theyalsofailtolookatcircumstancesfromtheotherperson'sside.Humanitymustovercomeittoseeaho

listic（全面的）pictureoftheworldandobjectivelyassesssituations.Itisessentialtobeafair-mindedindividualsinceegoc

entrismisaqualitythatisnoteasytolivewith,makingithardforustointeractwithpeopleandmoveforward.Actually,overcomingthisdisturbingqualityhasalwa

ysbeenmypursuit.Themaingoalinmyiifeisbasedonthesearchforinnerbalance,harmony,positivity,andtherightattitudetolifecases.Thus,Iwilibeabletoim

provemylifeandhelpotherpeopleinthepracticeofthisaspect.Moreover,Ioftenremindmyselftoacceptdifferencesandremem

berthatacorrectattitudetodifferentperson-alities,theirpreferences,andinterestsleadstosuccessinanytasks.Thefo

rmationanddevelopmentofafairmindcanbepracticedalmosteverywhere.Forexample,inagrocerystore,weneedtoputourselvesintheplaceofthesel

ler'sandshouldnotimmediatelytakeoffenseandarguewhenwearegivenanunripebananaorburntbread.Itisimportanttoremem-berthatas

ellerisnotobligedtoplayalongatall;thisisthesamepersonwithhisuniquenature.Noteveryoneagreeswitheveryoneelse,butifyouabsolut

elyrefusetoconsideranotherperson'sperspective,that'swhenegocentrismbecomesaseriousconcern.Sowhynottrytocorrectthisbe-haviorandbemorefair-min

ded?40.Whatisegocentrism?41.Whydoesegocentrismoftenleadtoconflicts?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthe

followingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.➢Egocentrismbecomesaproblemwhensomeonedoesn'tagreewithothers.43.Pleasesha

reoneofyourownexperiencesaboutyourpracticingbeingfair-minded.（Inabout40words）第二节（20分）假设你是红星中学学生会主席李华。你校将在春节期间举行中外学生联欢会。请你用英文写

一封邮件通知交换生,内容包括：1.目的与安排；2.报名方式。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dearfriends,Sincerely,LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内）