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专题三形容词和副词对应学生用书起始页码P30考点一形容词、副词的基本用法及辨析一、形容词的基本用法及辨析形容词就是用来修饰名词或不定代词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词。形容词主要作定语、表语、补足语。
1.形容词作定语①Thesearevaluablesuggestions.这些是宝贵的建议。(形容词作前置定语)②Thisisabook,suitableforchildren.这是一本适合孩子们的书。(形容词短语作后置定语)③Doyouhaveanyth
ingimportanttotellme?你有什么重要的事情要告诉我吗?(形容词修饰复合不定代词,作后置定语)④Heisthehappiestpersonalive.他是世上最快乐的人。(表语形容词作后置定语)注意:(1)
形容词作定语的后置问题形容词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词前。但是在下列情况下作定语的形容词却要位于所修饰的名词之后。①修饰something,anything,nothing,anybody,nobody等复合不定代词时后置;
②形容词短语作定语时要后置;③表语形容词作定语要后置。(2)多个形容词修饰同一个名词时的排序规律①两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,与被修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词。②常用的顺序为:县官行令赦国才(谐音记忆)县(限定
性的词:冠词、限定词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、序数词、基数词)+官(表观点的描绘性形容词beautiful,nice等)+行(形状、大小)+令(年龄、新旧)+赦(颜色)+国(国籍、出处、来源)+才(材料、用途)+被修饰的名词。如:all
theselastfewdays最近的这些日子anexpensivepurplecottondress一件昂贵的紫色棉布裙子thefirstbeautifullittlewhiteChinesewoodenbridge第一座美丽的中国小白木桥单项填空:①Astudentsarerequi
redtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChinese②TheAhousesmellsasifith
asntbeenlivedinforyears.A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle③ThisAgirlisLindascousin.A.prettylittleSp
anishB.SpanishlittleprettyC.SpanishprettylittleD.littleprettySpanish④ItsaDclock,madeofbrassanddatingfromthenineteenthcentu
ry.A.charmingFrenchsmallB.FrenchsmallcharmingC.smallFrenchcharmingD.charmingsmallFrench2.形容词作表语Hissuggestionsareveryvaluab
le.他的建议很有价值。(形容词作表语)Tomysurprise,thedriverisstillaliveafterthetrafficaccident.令我惊讶的是,交通事故发生后,司机还活着。(形容词作表语)3.
形容词作补足语Iconsiderhissuggestionveryvaluable.我认为他的建议很有价值。(形容词作宾补)IfinditimportanttolearnEnglish.我发现学英语很重要。(形容词作宾补)Youmustkeeptheclassroomclean.你们必须
保持教室干净。(形容词作宾补)Ifindthestoryveryinteresting.我发现这个故事很有趣。(形容词作宾补)单项填空:⑤IfoundthedoorCwhenIgothome.ButIrememberedthatIhadlockedthedoorbeforeIwentt
oworkthismorning.A.openedB.closeC.openD.unlocking⑥Thestate⁃runcompanyisrequiredtomakeitsaccountsasAasp
ossibleforitsstafftomonitortheuseofmoney.A.transparentB.reasonableC.secureD.formal4.形容词作状语①Hereturnedhome,safeandsound.他回到了家,安然无恙。(形容词作状语)②Thegoa
trolledover,dead.那只山羊打了个滚,死了。(形容词作状语)专题三形容词和副词23③Heisstanding
there,fulloffear.他站在那里,充满了恐惧。(形容词短语作状语)[小结]形容词作状语表示伴随状况或结果。单项填空:⑦Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,B.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryan
dtiredC.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired⑧D,sheisthesortofwomantospreadsunshinetopeoplethroughhersmile.A.Shy
andcautiousB.SensitiveandthoughtfulC.HonestandconfidentD.Light⁃heartedandoptimistic⑨A,theboyswereshoutingandsinging.A.HappyandexcitedB.Happil
yandexcitedC.HappilyandexcitedlyD.Happyandexcitedly5.易混易错形容词(1)common,general,ordinary,usual,normal,reg
ularcommon普及的,普遍的;共同的,司空见惯的general一般的,总的ordinary普通的,在一个群体中看不出区别的usual通常的,惯常的normal正常的;正规的,符合标准的regular定期的,有规律的,经常的Hemak
esaregularvisittohisparents.他定期看望他的父母。AliceisacommonnameinEnglish.在英语中艾丽斯是一个常见名。Shallwemeetattheusualt
imeandplace?我们还在通常的时间和地点见面吗?Whatisthenormalbodytemperature?人的正常体温是多少?Shehadonanordinarydress.她穿着一件很普通的衣服。单项填空:
⑩AnewCbusservicetoTianjinAirportstartedtooperatetwomonthsago.A.normalB.usualC.regularD.common(2)likely,possible,probable单词词义句型possible“大概,可能”,可能性较小
,强调客观上的可能性Itispossible+that从句Itispossible(forsb.)todosth.probable“很可能”,比possible可能性大,指有实际根据或逻辑上合情合理,语气比较强Itisprobable+that从句likely“很可能”,与probable较接近
,侧重“从表面迹象判断很有可能发生的事”Itislikely+that从句Sb./Sth.islikelytodosth.Itisprobable,notpossible,thathewillbela
te.他会迟到不是有可能,而是非常有可能。Itispossibleforhimtoattendthespeech.他可能参加这次演讲。Itisprobablethathehasleft.他很可能已经离开。Heislikelytoc
omeheretonight.他今晚可能要来这儿。单项填空:ItisDthathehasbeenaddictedtothedrugsandhasdifficultyquittingit.A.obviouslyB.apparentlyC.possiblyD.likely�
�StudiesshowthatpeoplearemoreAtosufferfrombackproblemsiftheyalwayssitbeforecomputerscreensforlonghours.A.likelyB.p
ossibleC.probableD.sure(3)alive,living,live,livelyalive活着的,与“死”相对,作表语、后置定语或宾语补足语,不能作前置定语,多用于指人living活着的
,多作定语,可指人或动物live活的,现场的,多作定语,用于指动物lively活泼的,有生气的;(气氛等)活跃的,热闹的Shesstillalive.她还活着。(作表语)Letskeepthef
ishalive.让这条鱼活着吧。(作宾补)Heisregardedasoneofthebestlivingwritersatpresent.(作定语)他被认为是当今在世的最好的作家之一。Haveyouseenalivewhale?(作定语)你看见过活的鲸鱼吗?Theyarehavingal
ivelydiscussion.(作定语)他们正在进行热烈的讨论。单项填空:Itwasntarecordedshow;itwasD.A.livingB.livelyC.aliveD.liveThebea
rwascaughtC.A.liveB.livelyC.aliveD.living(4)worth,worthy,worthwhileworthbeworth+名词/钱数/价格(值……)be(well)wor
thdoing(……值得做)worthybeworthyof+名词(值得)worthwhileItsworthwhiletodo/doingsth.=Itsworthoneswhiletodo/doingsth.单项填空:�
�SensiblepeopledontthinkitisDtobuythingswhicharenotneededevenatalowprice.A.worthB.worthyC.worthlessD.wo
rthwhile二、副词的基本用法及辨析1.副词就是修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,说明时间、地点、程度、方式等概念的词。副词在句中主要作状语。Hestudieshard.他学习努力。(副词hard修饰动词studies)�
�245年高考3年模拟B版(教师用书
)Heonlyhelpsme.他只帮助我。(副词only修饰动词helps)Hestudiesveryhard.他学习努力。(副词very修饰另一个副词hard)Sheisaverysmartgirl.她是一个非常聪明的女孩。(副词修饰形容词)Fortunately,hiss
tepmotherwaskindtohim.幸运的是,他的继母对他很好。(副词修饰整个句子)Heisterriblysorryforhismistakes.对于他犯的错误,他非常惭愧。Icanhardlybelievewha
thesaid.我几乎不能相信他所说的话。[小结]副词的位置①在行为动词前或后;②在所修饰的形容词、副词或句子之前;③频度副词常放在be动词、情态动词之后,行为动词之前。单项填空:(2014大纲全国,34)
HenrywasawayfromhomeforquiteabitandBsawhisfamily.A.frequentlyB.seldomC.alwaysD.usually2.易混易错副词(1)副词enough的用法enough作副词,用来修饰形容词、副词时要
放在所修饰的词的后面。Studentsbraveenoughtotakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills.足够勇敢去参加这个探险课程的学生肯定会学到很多有用的技能。S
trangelyenough,somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless.很奇怪,一些著名科学家既粗心又细心。注意:cannot...
enough=cannot(cannever)...too...再……也不为过Youcannotbecarefulenough.=Youcannotbetoocareful.你再细心也不为过。(2)though位于句末
时,表转折。Shepromisedtophone.Iheardnothing,though.=Thoughshepromisedtophone,Iheardnothing.她答应打电话来,可我没听到回信儿。单项填空:�
�—HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?—Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped,A.A.thoughB.insteadC.eitherD.tooPlayingona
frozensportsfieldsoundslikealotoffun.Isntitratherrisky,A?A.thoughB.alsoC.eitherD.too(3)一组常用的连接性副词①though作副词时,常在句末,意为“然而,可是”,表示转折意
义。②therefore“因此,所以”,表示结果。③meanwhile“与此同时,在此期间”,表示前后句的动作同时发生。④moreover“另外”,表示承接关系。⑤however“然而”,表示转折,常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。⑥besides“而且;还有”,表示递进关系。⑦ins
tead“相反”,表示前后句意义相反。⑧anyway/anyhow意为“尽管,即使这样”,表示转折。⑨rather意为“相反,而是”。单项填空:Ifwhatyourfriendcomesupwithsurprisesyou,dontrejectitimmediately.
C,imaginethatitistrue.A.ThusB.BesidesC.RatherD.OtherwiseBicyclingisgoodexercise;B,itdoesnotpollutetheair.A.n
everthelessB.besidesC.otherwiseD.therefore(4)toomuch,muchtoo短语用法例句toomuch=much,后接不可数名词Heowedtoomuchmoney.他
欠了太多的钱。muchtoo=too,修饰形容词、副词Itsmuchtoodifficulttodothework.做这项工作太难了。单项填空:Itshightimeyouhadyourhaircut;itsgettingB.A.toomuchlo
ngB.muchtoolongC.longtoomuchD.toolongmuch(5)almost,nearly副词用法例句almost可与no,nobody,never,nothing搭配Almostnoonecametot
heparty.几乎没人来参加聚会。nearly与not搭配,构成notnearly,意为:一点也不,相差甚远Sheisnotnearlyasprettyashersister.她一点儿也没有她妹妹漂亮。单项填
空:Cnoneofuscouldsolvethemathproblem;itwastoodifficult.A.HardlyB.NearlyC.AlmostD.Seldom(6)rather,fairly副词用法例句rather可与to
o连用,构成rathertoo可修饰比较级Themovieisrathertoobad.这部电影实在是太差劲了。Thatmovieisratherbetter.那部电影好多了。fairly常与褒义词连用修饰原级Itsfairlywarm.天气相当暖和。单项填空:Itwasanice
house,butCtoosmallforafamilyoffive.A.rarelyB.fairlyC.ratherD.pretty(7)either,too,also,aswell副词用法例句either通常用于否定句,
一般放在句末IdontliketheredskirtandIdontlikethegreenoneeither.我不喜欢这条红色的裙子,也不喜欢那条绿色的。
专题三形容词和副词25续表副词用法例句too通常用于肯定句,一般放在句末,其前可用逗号与前面的句子隔开,也可不用HespeaksSpanish,too.他也说西班牙语。a
lso通常用于肯定句,一般放在句中HealsospeaksSpanish.他也说西班牙语。aswell通常用于肯定句,一般放在句末,不用逗号与前面的句子隔开HespeaksEnglishandSpanishaswe
ll.他既说英语又说西班牙语。单项填空:ImgoingtoLondonandmysistersgoingC.A.inahurryB.infactC.aswellD.asaresult(8)ever,once
副词用法例句ever主要用来谈过去发生的动作,多用于疑问句中,常常和完成时连用HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?你去过北京吗?once表示有过某种经验、经历,用于肯定句中,常用于一般过去时IoncelivedinBeiji
ng.我曾住在北京。单项填空:—Look!Hesrunningsofast!—HardtoimaginehislegswereAbroken.A.onceB.everC.nearlyD.almost(9)ago,before副词用法例句
ago指以现在为起点的若干时间以前,即“现在以前”,与一般过去时连用Thispicturewastakenalongtimeago.这张照片是很久以前照的。before①指过去某时间以前,即“过去之前”
,与过去完成时连用②如果不具体表明多长时间以前,只用before不用ago,意为“从前,以前”,和现在完成时连用Shesaidthatshehadmarriedhim10yearsbefore.她说她十年前就嫁给了他。Ihave
nevermethimbefore.以前我从来没有见过他。用ago,before填空:IknowalittlebitaboutItalyasmywifeandIwentthereseveralyearsago.H
aventImetyoubeforesomewhere?考点二形容词、副词的比较等级一、形容词和副词的平级比较as+形容词/副词原级+as...像……一样as+adj.+a/an+名词+as...像……一样的……asmuch+a/an+名词+as...和……一样是……notas/so+形容词/
副词原级+as...不如……那样……Heisasdiligentasthemonitor.他和班长一样勤奋。HenryisaworkerasgoodasPeter(is).=HenryisasgoodaworkerasP
eter(is).Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。TomisnotsobusyasDick.汤姆不如迪克忙。单项填空:①ItisgenerallybelievedthatteachingisDitisasci
ence.A.anartmuchasB.muchanartasC.asanartmuchasD.asmuchanartas②ThemoreIthinkabouthim,themorereasonsIfindforlovinghimAIdid.A.asmuchas
B.aslongasC.assoonasD.asfaras③Whatatable!Iveneverseensuchathingbefore.ItisCitislong.A.halfnotaswideasB.widenotashalfasC.nothalfaswid
easD.aswideasnothalf注意:看似平级比较结构的一些习惯用语aswellas...又,也Hehasexperienceaswellasknowledge.他既有知识又有经验。asgoodas(=verynearly=almost)与……几乎一样,实际上
等于Sheisasgoodasherword.她这个人很讲信用。asfaras就……而言AsfarasIknow,heisagoodperson.据我所知,他是个好人。assoonas一……就……IllgivehimthebookassoonasIseehim.我一见
到他就给他这本书。aslongas只要IllgivehimthebookaslongasIseehim.我只要看到他就给他这本书。单项填空:④Thistrainingprogramcangiveyoualiftatwork,Aincreaseyourincomeby40%.A.aswe
llasB.solongasC.somuchasD.assoonas⑤Theoldmanwaslyingontheground,Ddead.A.aspossibleasB.assoonasC.asfarasD.asgoodas二、形容词和副词的比较级1.几种
常见的结构结构含义示例比较级+than...比……更……Imolderthanher.我比她年龄大。the+比较级...,the+比较级...越……,越……Themoreyoutalked,thelessattentionhepaidtoyou.你
说得越多,他越不注意听你讲。�
�265年高考3年模拟B版(教师用书)续表结构含义示例比较级+and+比较级moreandmore+原级越来越……moreandmorebeautiful越来越美丽the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词两个中较……的thetallerofthetwoboys那两个男孩中较高的
那个no+比较级+than...……和……都不……TomisnotallerthanJack.汤姆和杰克都不高。单项填空:⑥AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutle
arningandthemoreyoulearn,B.A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedfor
D.youareequippedthemoreforlife2.常见的比较级修饰语:rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑问句),alot,agreatdeal,byfar,abit,alittle,threetimes等。The
studentsstudyevenharderthanbefore.学生们学习比以前更努力了。单项填空:⑦ThenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwasAthanexpected.There
weremanyticketsleft.A.muchsmallerB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.manymore⑧Theresultisnotveryimportanttous,butifwedowin,thensomuchD.A.thebestB.bestC.bette
rD.thebetter3.易混结构结构含义示例the+比较级+one+of+thetwo+n.两者中较……的thetalleroneofthetwobrothersa+比较级+one一个更……的Thisstoryisnotin
teresting.Illtellyouamoreinterestingone.amost+adj.+n.=avery+adj.+n.无比较范围,无比较含义Heisamosthard⁃workingstudent.themost+adj.+n.有比较范围;表最高级Heisthemo
sthard⁃workingstudentinourclass/ofus.单项填空:⑨Mr.SmithownsBcollectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet.A.largerB.alarg
erC.thelargerD.alarge⑩Itmaynotbeagreatsuggestion.ButbeforeBisputforward,wellmakedowithit.A.agoodoneB.abettero
neC.thebestoneD.abestone三、形容词和副词的最高级1.最高级的常见修饰语最高级可用byfar,much,almost,nearly及序数词修饰,表示程度或顺序。Thebridgeb
eingbuiltnowisbyfarthelongestacrosstheYellowRiver.目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河的最长的桥。单项填空:ThisisbyfarCmoviethatIhaveeverseen.A.aninspiringB.a
muchinspiringC.themostinspiringD.themoreinspiring2.否定词+比较级=最高级Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.他过了最令人担心的一天。Iveneverhe
ardabettervoicethanyours.我从来没有听到过比你的声音更动听的声音。单项填空:Bobranthe100metersin9.91seconds,andIhavenotseenBthisyear.A.thebestB.bett
erC.themostD.more—Didyouenjoyyourselfattheparty?—Yes.IveneverbeentoConebefore.A.amoreexcitedB.themostexcitedC.amor
eexcitingD.themostexciting四、表示倍数的几个句型结构例句...倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as...Thisruleristhreetimesaslongasthatone....倍数+the+性质名词(length,size)+of...Th
isruleristhreetimesthelengthofthatone....倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than...Thisruleristwicelongerthanthatone.The+名词+be+...倍数+what从句Theoutputofthisyeari
sthreetimeswhatitwasin2007.The+名词+be+...times+that/thoseof...Theoutputofthisyearisthreetimesthatof2007.单项填空:Peter�
�sjacketlookedjustthesameasJacks,butitcostBhis.A.asmuchtwiceasB.twiceasmuchasC.muchastwiceasD.astwicemuchasAtaroughestima
te,NigeriaisDGreatBritain.A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesof
专题三形容词和副词27C.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeofItssaidthatthepowerpla
ntisnowAlargeaswhatitwas.A.twiceasB.astwiceC.twicemuchD.muchtwice对应学生用书起始页码P36了解形容词、副词的句法功能,形容词、副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置,熟悉高考
形容词、副词专题的核心考点。关键还是在于熟练掌握高考核心形容词、副词的用法,在基本功上多下功夫。以familiar和particular为例:familiaradj.①熟悉的,常听说的②通晓,熟悉【搭配】①sb.befamiliarwit
hsth.某人通晓/熟悉某物②sth.befamiliartosb.某人对某物熟悉particularadj.①特殊的;个别的②苛求的,挑剔的,过于讲究的【派】particularlyadv.特别地【搭配】①i
nparticular特别,尤其②beparticularover/about...对……挑剔