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2022-2023学年第一学期英语期末考试试卷一、单词英汉互译(20*1=20分)英汉互译1.(地)震级;重大2.震惊;吃惊3.survive4.消灭;彻底消除5.损害;破坏6.attitude7.dynast
y8.文字;符号9.欣赏;重视10.relateto【答案】1.magnitude2.inshock3.生存;存活;幸存;艰难度过4.sweepaway5.damage6.态度;看法7.王朝;朝代8.character9.appreciate10与……相关;涉及;谈到【解析】【1题详解】(地)
震级;重大,在英语中翻译为“magnitude”,词性为名词。故答案为magnitude。【2题详解】震惊;吃惊,在英语中翻译为“inshock”。故答案为inshock。【3题详解】survive为动词,意为“生存;存活;幸存;艰难度过”
。故答案为:生存;存活;幸存;艰难度过【4题详解】消灭;彻底消除,在英语中翻译为“sweepaway”。故答案为sweepaway。【5题详解】.损害;破坏,在英语中翻译为“damage”,词性为名词或动词。故答案为damage。【6题详解】attit
ude为名词,意为“态度;看法”。故答案为:态度;看法。【7题详解】dynasty为名词,意为“王朝;朝代”。故答案为:dynasty。【8题详解】文字;符号,在英语中翻译为“character”,词性为名词。故答案为character。9题详解】欣赏;重视,在英语中翻译为
“appreciate”,词性为动词。故答案为appreciate。【10题详解】relateto,意为“与……相关;涉及;谈到”。故答案为:与……相关;涉及;谈到英汉互译11.描写(文字);形容12.突发事件;紧急情况13.firstaidkit14.inruin
s15.pointofview16.词汇17斗争;奋斗;搏斗18.积极的;正面的;乐观的19.determination20.loseheart【答案】11.description12.emergency13.急救箱14.严重受损;破败不堪15.观点
16.vocabulary17.struggle18.positive19.决心20.丧失信心;泄气【解析】【11题详解】描写(文字);形容,名词,译为description,故填description。【12题详解】【.
突发事件;紧急情况,名词,译为emergency,故填emergency。【13题详解】firstaidkit,译为:急救箱,故填:急救箱。【14题详解】inruins,固定短语,译为:严重受损;破败不堪。故填:严重受损;破败不堪。【15题详解
】pointofview,译为:观点,故填:观点。【16题详解】词汇,译为vocabulary,名词,故填vocabulary。【17题详解】斗争;奋斗;搏斗,译为:struggle,故填struggl
e。【18题详解】积极的;正面的;乐观的,译为positive,故填positive。【19题详解】determination,名词,译为:决心,故填:决心。【20题详解】loseheart,固定短语,译为:丧失信
心;泄气,故填:丧失信心;泄气。二、翻译句子(5*3=15分)21.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!(英译汉)【答案】仿佛世界末日即将来临!【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定句型、固定短语和虚拟语气。分析句子可知,句中“Itseemedasif…”
意为“仿佛,看起来似乎”,“asif”引导的从句要用虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反的事实,“theworldwerecomingtoanend”意为“世界末日即将来临”,“cometoanend”意为“结束”。故本句可译为:仿佛世界末日即将来临!22.Dangerou
sconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.(英译汉)【答案】危险的条件和受损的道路将使得运送食物和补给变得困难。【解
析】【详解】考查时态,不定式和短语。dangerousconditionsanddamagedroads表示“危险的条件和受损的道路”,作主语;此处为makeitadj.todosth.结构,表示“使得……”,it作形式宾语;todeliverfoodandsupplies表示“运送食物和补给”,
是真正的宾语,时态为一般将来时,difficult“困难的”。故翻译为:危险的条件和受损的道路将使得运送食物和补给变得困难。23.Today,theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartof
Chineseculture.(英译汉)【答案】今天,汉语书写系统仍然是中国文化的重要组成部分。【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知,本句为主系表结构。时间状语是Today“今天”;主语是theChinesewr
itingsystem“汉语书写系统”;系动词is意为“是”;状语still意为“仍然”;表语是animportantpartofChineseculture“中国文化的重要组成部分”,其中定语important意为“重要的”。故本句可译为:今天,汉语书写系统仍然是中国文
化的重要组成部分。24.Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.(英译汉)【答案】起初,汉语是一种基于图形的语言。【解析】【详解】考查时态。原句为一般过去时,
句子为主系表结构,主语为writtenChinese,was为系动词,表语为apicture-basedlanguage。故翻译为:起初,汉语是一种基于图形的语言。25.Asaplayer,LangPingbroughthonoura
ndglorytohercountry.(英译汉)【答案】作为一名运动员,郎平为她的国家带来了诸多荣誉。【解析】【详解】考查时态和动词。句子的主语为“LangPing”郎平;bring...to...为...带来。
“honorandglory”荣耀,事情发生在过去,应用一般过去时,故答案为作为一名运动员,郎平为她的国家带来了诸多荣誉。三、单句语法填空题。(10*1.5=15分)26.Wecanplayfootball,________we?【答案】
can’t【解析】【详解】考查反意疑问句。句意:我们可以踢足球,不是吗?反意疑问句主要形式之一:陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式。根据空前的canplay可知,疑问部分用情态动词can,且用否定形式。故填can’t。27.Ihadnoideaalettercouldmake
sucha________!(different)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】difference【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:我没想到一封信能产生这样的效果。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词,空处需填名词
difference。故填difference。28.Istoppedcomparingmyself________actresses.(用适当的词填空)【答案】with【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意:我不再拿自己与女演员比较。根据句意及
所给句子可知,此处使用动词短语compare...with...“把……和……比较”。故填with。29.Thenewcityhasgreatimprovementsin________(transpo
rt).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】transportation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:这座新城的交通有了很大的改善。根据句意及英语提示可知,此处使用不可数名词transportation“交通”,作介词in的宾语。故填transpo
rtation。30.Butoneofthemain________hasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.(factor)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】factors【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意:但是
其中一个主要的因素就是中国汉字系统。oneof+名词复数,表示“……之一”,是固定短语,故填factors。31.Therearemany________ofdialectsandcharacters.(v
ariety)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】varieties【解析】【详解】考查可数名词的单复数。句意:有许多不同的方言和文字。variety“种类”,为可数名词。根据空前的many可知,空处需要该名词的复数形式,varietiesof,意为“不同的,各种各样的”。故选varietie
s。32.Thechildren________parentscouldnotbefoundwerelookedafterbyneighborsandfriends.(用适当的词填空)【答案】whose【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:找不到父母的孩子由邻
居和朋友照顾。分析句子结构可知,本空引导定语从句,修饰先行词Thechildren,且从句缺少修饰parents的定语,故填whose,引导定语从句。故填whose。33.Theterribleshakingofthebuildi
ngwokeupallthepeople________wereasleep.(用适当的词填空)【答案】who##that【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意:大楼可怕的摇晃把所有睡着的人都吵醒了。分析句子,设空处引导
的是限制性定语从句,引导词在从句中作主语,修饰先行词thepeople,为人,故使用that或者who。故填that或者who。34.Heisn’tcoming,________he?【答案】is【解析】【详解】考查反义疑问句。句意:他不来了,是吗?分析句子的结构可知,设空处
为反义疑问句,采取“前否后肯,前否后肯”的原则,其结构为:be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语。空前为isn’t,设空处应为肯定。故填is。35.Ican’trememberhow________themallproperly.(us
e)(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】touse【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我不记得怎么正确使用它们。分析句子可知,remember后接how+不定式作宾语,“疑问词+不定式”是固定结构,故填touse。四、阅读题。(10*2=20分)AWhenMichaelJord
an’sfeetlefttheground,timeseemedtostandstill.Theplayerwhobecameknownas“AirJordan”changedbasketballwithhisgrac
efulmovesandjumps.Jordan’sskillswereimpressive,butthementalstrengththatheshowedmadehimunique.Inthefinalsecondsofagame,Jordanalwayss
eemedtofindawaytowin.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfromhisfailures.“Icanacceptfailure;everyonefailsatsomething.ButIcan’tacceptnottr
ying.”Losinggamestaughthimtopractiseharderandnevergiveup.Inlife,Jordanhaslearnttosharehissuccesswithothers.TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhe
startedinChicagohasbeenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.36.WhatisJordanoftenknownasbyothers?A.GroundJordan.
B.AirJordan.C.FlyJordan’s.D.RunningJordan.37.WhatisthesecretofJordan’ssuccess?A.Jordanalwaysseemedtofindawaytowin.B.Jordan
’ssuccessislearningfromhisfailures.C.Jordancan’taccepttrying.D.Jordansharedhissuccesswithothers.38.WheredidJordanstartTheB
oysandGirlsClub?A.America.B.Australia.C.Chicago.D.Brazil.【答案】36.B37.B38.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Mich
aelJordan的相关信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Theplayerwhobecameknownas“AirJordan“changedbasketballwithhisgracefulmovesandjumps.(这位被称为“飞
人乔丹”的球员以他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球)”可知,别人常说乔丹是“飞人乔丹”。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearningfro
mhisfailures.(乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训)”可知,乔丹成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。故选B。【38题详解】细节理解题。由文章第一段中“TheBoysandGirlsClubwhichhestartedinChicagohasb
eenhelpingyoungpeoplesince1996.(他在芝加哥创办的TheBoysandGirlsClub自1996年以来一直在帮助年轻人)”可知,乔丹在芝加哥创立了这个俱乐部。故选C。BThemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearsca
usedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercoun
tries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.
0.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.InSriLanka.some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumber
ofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilled
alongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,
localofficialssaid.Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswi
llmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.39.Wherethetsunamikilledmorethan6,500people?A.Philippines,Indo
nesia,India,MalaysiaB.Indonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountriesC.Indonesia,India,Thailand,MalaysiaD.Indonesia,India,Thailand,an
datleastfourothercountries40.Whatisthemagnitudeoftheearthquake?A.8.0B.8.9C.7.0D.9.041.Howmanypeopled
iedinThailandasaresultofthedisaster?A.254B.54C.1900D.249842.Whywoulditbedifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies?A.d
amagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.B.NotenoughpeoplewillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplieC.d
angerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.D.Foreignaidwillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplie
s.【答案】39.B40.D41.A42.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了在昨天,过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸席卷了整个亚洲的海岸线,在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国
家造成6500多人死亡。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiaye
sterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries(昨天,
过去40年来最强烈的地震引发的海啸席卷了整个亚洲的海岸线,在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家造成6500多人死亡)”可知,在印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家造成6500多人死亡。故选B。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段
“Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagni
tudeof9.0.(渔民、游客、酒店、房屋和汽车被里氏9.0级的强烈地震引发的巨浪卷走。)”可知,地震的等级是九级。故选D。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Another254werefounddeadinThailand(另有254人在泰国死亡)”可知,泰国有254人死
于这场灾难。故选A。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.(然而,危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资
变得困难。)”可知,危险的条件和受损的道路将使运送食物和物资变得困难。故选C。CChinaiswidelyknownforitsancientcivilisationwhichhascontinuedallthe
waythroughintomodemtimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewri
tingsystem.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.Overtheyears,thesystemdevelope
dintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically,leadingtomanyvarietiesofdialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperor
QinshihuangoftheQinDynasty.EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirec
tion.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.43.Asmentionedinthepassage,whatisthemainfactorfor
thecontinuationofChina’sancientcivilizationintomoderntimes?A.ChinesewritingsystemB.ChinesetraditionalpaintingC.ChineseceramicartD.TraditionalChi
neseMedicine44WhounitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedir
ection?A.EmperorWuofHanB.EmperorTangofShangC.EmperorQinshihuangD.QinDynasty45.Inwhatwaydidthedevelopmentofthe
Chinesewritingsysteminonedirectionplayanimportantrole?A.Changepeople’swayoflifeB.UnitingtheChinesepeople
andcultureC.InheritanceofdifferenttypesofcharactersD.Itbecameanartform.【答案】43.A44.C45.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述中国以其古老的文明而闻名,而汉字书写体系是使这些文明一直延续至今的一个重要因
素。文章介绍了汉字书写体系的开始,发展以及汉字书写系统的重要性。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeen
theChinesewritingsystem.(其存续的原因有很多,但主要因素之一是汉字的书写体系。)”可知,中国古代文明延续到现代的主要因素是汉字书写体系。故选A。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Emper
orQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.(秦始皇统一七个诸侯国后,在
这个统一的国家里,汉字书写体系开始朝着一个方向发展。)”可知,秦始皇将七个主要国家统一为一个国家,中国书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Thatwritingsystemwasofg
reatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.(这一书写体系对于团结中国人民和文化具有重要意义。)”可知,中国书写系统朝着一个方向发展在团结中国人民和文化方面起着重
要作用,故选B。五、单句改错题(10*1=10分)每个句子的错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号(^),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面
写出修改后的词。注意:1.每句错误及修改均仅限一词;.2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。46.MyadviserrecommendedthatIsignedupforadvancedliterature.47.I’mlookingforwardtoseetheco
lourfullakes.48.We’realsoplantovisitseveralotherplacesinXian.49.l’veheardthatitisanamazingsight,andIcan’twaitgo.50.Howab
outwatchbadmintonthisafternoon?51.Losetwoimportantplayerswasabigchallenge.52.Jordansaysthatthesecrettohissuccessislearnfrom
hisfailures.53.StrangethingswerehappeninthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.54Herearesomeofthepeoplewhohomesweredestroy
edbythetyphoon.55.IrememberthatdaythatIsuddenlyfeltlikeGermanwasnolongeraforeignlanguage.【答案】46.signed→sign47.see→seeing48.plan→planning49
.go前加to50.watch→watching51.Lose→Losing52.learn→learning53.happen→happening54.who→whose55.that→when【解析】【
分析】【46题详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:我的顾问建议我注册高级文学。recommend后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气,从句的谓语动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,故将signed改为sign。【47题详解】考查动名词。句意:我期待着看到五颜六色的湖
泊。lookforwardto“期待;渴望”to是介词,接动名词作宾语,故将see改为seeing。【48题详解】考查时态。句意:我们还计划参观西安的其他几个地方。分析句子可知,主语we与plan是主动关系,We're=Weare,故用现在进行时,故将pl
an改为planning。【49题详解】考查不定式。句意:我听说这是一个令人惊奇的风景,我迫不及待想去。can'twaittodosth.“迫不及待做某事”,故go前加to。【50题详解】考查动名词。句意:今天下午看羽毛球怎么样?Howabout
doingsth?是固定句型,表示“……怎么样?”,介词后加动名词作宾语,故将watch改为watching。【51题详解】.考查动名词。句意:失去两名重要球员是一个巨大的挑战。分析句子可知,作主语用动名词形式,故将Lose改为Losing。【52
题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:乔丹说,他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。分析句子可知,“learnfromhisfailures”作表语,说明主语状态或特征,用动名词作表语,故将learn改为learning。【53题详解】考查时态。句意:河北东北部的农村正在发生奇怪的事情。happen“发生”
,是不及物动词,无被动式,其前有were,故用过去进行时,故将happen改为happening。【54题详解】考查定语从句。句意:这里有一些人,他们的家园被台风摧毁了。分析句子结构可知people后是定语从句,people是先行词,定语从句缺少定语,和homes之间是所属关系,使用关系代
词whose,故将who改为whose。【55题详解】考查限制性定语从句。句意:我还记得我突然觉得德语不再是一门外语的那天。先行词为day,在定语从句中作时间状语,所以用关系副词when引导,故将that改为when
。六、作文题(20分)56.假设你是李华,你的朋友张豪进入高中在英语学习上遇到了困难,并向你征询学好英语的建议。请根据以下要点,用英语给他回一封信。1.要有自信心;2.多记一些惯用词组(setphrases)和句型结构(sentencestructures),并练习
造句;3.要大量阅读,多背诵(recite)一些好的短文;写日记是提高写作的好方法。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;DearZhanghao,___________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearZhanghao,Havingreceivedyourletter,I
feelsorrytoknowthatyouhavedifficultyinlearningEnglish.Icanunderstandyourfeelingnow,butdon’tworrytoomuchandI’mwritingtogiveyouso
mesuggestions.Firstofall,don’tbedisappointedandjustbelieveinyourself.Secondly,you’dbettermemorizesomesetphrasesandsentencestructuresandpracticemak
ingsentenceswiththem.Thirdly,spendmoretimeinreadingandrecitinggoodpassages,whichwillcontributetobuildingyourvocabularyand
helptobetteryourwritingskills.Lastbutnotleast,keepingadiaryinEnglishisagoodwaytoimproveyourEnglishwriting.Iho
pemyadvicewillbeofsomehelptoyou.Bestwishestoyou.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给朋友张豪回信,给他一些学好英语的建议。【详解】1.词汇
积累能够:can→beableto首先:firstofall→tobeginwith帮助:help→assist/aid方法:way→approach2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Lastbutnotleast,keepingadiaryinEnglishisagoodwaytoimprovey
ourEnglishwriting.拓展句:Lastbutnotleast,yourEnglishwritingwillgraduallyimproveifyoukeepadiaryinEnglish.【点睛】【高分句型1】Havingreceived
yourletter,IfeelsorrytoknowthatyouhavedifficultyinlearningEnglish.(运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)【高分句型2】Thirdly,spendmoretimeinreadingandrecitinggoodpassa
ges,whichwillcontributetobuildingyourvocabularyandhelptobetteryourwritingskills.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)获得更多资源请
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