【文档说明】2023届高考二轮总复习试题 英语 （适用于新高考新教材） 专题一 阅读理解 考点分类练09　主旨大意题——段落大意类 Word版含解析.docx，共(6)页，29.070 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

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考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类A(2022山东聊城二模)Theworldisgoingthroughabasictransformation,whichischangingthewaywelive,workandthink

.TheFourthIndustrialRevolutionisbringingdramaticchangeandgivingrisetoafuturefilledwithexcitingopportunitiesandnewchallenges.Togeth

ergovernmentsandbusinessesmustfindsolutionstosociety’smostpressingneeds—fromcreatingacarbon-freeeconomytotacklingpopulationgrowthandurbaniza

tion.Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togreetthenewthingsandreplacetheold

wayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginharmonytoena

blepositivechange.Thechallengeforscientistsandtheengineersistoprovidesolutionsinfact,dataandtoday’srealities.Andwhiletechnologie

soffernewtoolstohelpuncoversolutions,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.Successrestsonperformingpractical,r

ealistic,long-termsolutionsthatmaketheworldcleaner,saferandmoresustainable.Theenvironmentisacaseinpoint.Mucho

fthepublicdebatehascenteredonthecentralroleofrenewablepowersourcesinrealizingalow-carbonenergyfuture.Whiletheindustryisfullyb

ehindthedevelopingrenewables,todayweunderstandaloworzero-carbonfuturedependsonadoptingamultifacetedapproach.Wecannotcontro

lsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortoolittl

eenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.Batterieshavebeenmuchdiscussedasameansofst

oringextraenergy,butthereareotherchoices.Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredistributedwhenandwherei

tisneeded.1.What’sthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Society’sdramaticchangecallsforsimplemethods.B.Oldmeansofdoingthingsshou

ldbereplacedbynewones.C.Societyneedspositivechangefordevelopment.D.Someproblemsshouldbesolvedincombinedways.2.Whatdoe

stheauthorexpectscientistsandengineerstodo?A.Offernewtoolstouncoversolutions.B.Tacklepopulationgrowth.C.Workhar

dwithimagination.D.Maketheworldbetterwithasimplemethod.3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheconsumptionofthesolarpowe

randwindpower?A.Uncertain.B.Cautious.C.Unconfident.D.Doubtful.4.WhichofthefollowingistheadvantageofPower-to-Xtechnologies?A.Theycanadjustpowersup

ply.B.Theycanconserveenergy.C.Theyhelpmakemoreelectricity.D.Theycancreatepowerfromwindandsun.BTheTiangongspacestationisaspacestati

onbeingconstructedbyChina.Theconstructionofthestationisbasedontheexperiencegainedfromitspioneers,Tiangong-1andTiangong-2.Thefirstm

odule(舱),theTianhecoremodule,waslaunchedon29April2021,followedbymultiplecrewedanduncrewedmissionsandtwomoremodulestobelaunchedby202

2.AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperatesthespacestation,thepurposeandmissionsofTiangongspacesta

tionarelistedas:breakthroughinkeytechnologiessuchaspermanenthumanoperationsinorbit,long-termautonomousspaceflightofthespacestation,lifesupportt

echnology,developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuturedeepspaceexploration.TheTianheCoreCabinModule(CCM)provideslifesupportandl

ivingquartersforthreecrewmembersandprovidesguidance,navigation(导航)forthestation.Themodulealsoprovidesthestation’spowerandlifesup

portsystem.Thestationisequippedwithasmallkitchenforfoodpreparationandthefirst-evermicrowaveoveninthespaceflight,

sothatastronautscanalwayshavehotfoodwhenevertheyneed.120differenttypesoffood,selectedbasedonastronauts’preference,arestoreda

board.China’sintentiontobuilditsownspacestationwasamplified(增强的)afterNASArefusedChineseparticipationinInternation

alSpaceStationin2011.On22February2017,CMSAandItalianSpaceAgency(ASD)signedanagreementtocooperateonlong-termhumanspace

flightactivities.TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflightwithregardtothecreationa

nddevelopmentoftheInternationalSpaceStationanditshowsItaly’sincreasedexpectationinChina’sdevelopingspacestationprogram.Tiangongisalsoexpectedtoh

ostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheTiangongspacestation?A.Itaimstobuildacoremodule.B.Itsconstr

uctionhasbeenfinished.C.Self-controlledflightisimpossible.D.Itcanfurtherassistspaceexploration.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Foodstoredaboard

thestation.B.Waysofcookinginspace.C.LivingconditionsonCCM.D.Lifesupportingtechnologies.7.WhatwillthefutureoftheTiangongspacestationbelikeacco

rdingtothetext?A.Dependentandunclear.B.Promisingandinfluential.C.Leadingbutunpredictable.D.Internationalize

dbutrisky.8.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythistextappear?A.Spacefiction.B.Lifehealth.C.Historicalevents.D.Science.C(2022山东日照一

模)TheexactlocationinFrancewhereDutchmasterVincentvanGoghpaintedhislastworkofarthasbeendiscovered.ADutchresearcherfigu

redoutthatascenedescribedintheartist’slastwork,TreeRoots,wasvisibleonapostcardshowingamanstandingnexttoabicycleonabackstreetoft

hevillageAuvers-sur-Oise.VanGoghspentthelastweeksofhislifeinthevillage.Helpfully,thecardevenincludedthenameofthestreet.R

esearchersweregivenauniqueglimpse(体验)intothefamouspainter’sfinalhours.Hewasatworkrightuptotheend.Woutervan

derVeen,scientificdirectoroftheVanGoghInstituteinFrance,madethediscovery.Whilestuckathome,WoutervandeVeenuse

dtheextratimetoorganizethenumerousfilesanddocumentsonVincentvanGogh,includingimagessuchastheoldpostcardfromAuvers-

sur-Oise.OnedayinlateApril,hesawthecardonhiscomputerscreenanditsuddenlystruckhimthathewaslookingatthelocationofTreeRo

ots.Nexttothemanandhisbicycle,rootsandtreesareclearlyvisible.HetookavirtualtripdownthesiteusingGoogle’sStreetView.“Villagersknowthespotandthemain

treerootwell,evengivingitthename‘theelephant’becauseofitsshapes,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Itwasreallyhidinginovertsight.”Thediscov

eryprovidestouristswithanextrareasontovisitAuvers-sur-Oise.“Theytravelalotjustforonereason—towalkinthefootstepsofVincentvanGog

h.Nowtheycanstandattheveryplacewherehepaintedhislastpainting,”WoutervanderVeensaid.“Andthat’saverymo

vingthingforalotofpeople.SoI’mveryhappytobeabletosharethatwithallthosewholoveVincentvanGogh.”9.Whatisparagraph2ma

inlyabout?A.Whatthepostcardrevealed.B.HowTreeRootswasdiscovered.C.WhyAuvers-sur-Oisebecameknown.D.WherevanGoghp

aintedhisworks.10.HowdidWoutervanderVeenconfirmhisdiscovery?A.HestudiedapictureofAuvers-sur-Oise.B.Heorganizedh

isdataonVincentvanGogh.C.HetraveledtoFrancetoseeforhimself.D.Hepaidavisittothespotonline.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“overt”inparagraph5mean?A.Mix

ed.B.Obvious.C.Lovely.D.Strange.12.WhatcanweinferabouttouriststoAuvers-sur-Oise?A.Theyenjoyexploringhowtopaint.B.TheysharetheirloveforVincentvanG

ogh.C.TheyadmireVincentvanGoghverymuch.D.Theywanttoexperiencethelifethere.考点分类练(九)主旨大意题——段落大意类【语篇导读】本文是一篇说

明文。当今世界第四次工业革命带来了巨大的变化,同时也给未来带来了更多的机会和新的挑战,因此,我们解决环境问题的方式应该多样化。1.D解析:段落大意题。由第二段中的“Inanyperiodofrapidchangethereisatrendtolookforasimplemethod,togree

tthenewthingsandreplacetheoldwayofdoingthings.Butacloselookatthefactstellsadifferentstory.Complexproblemsrequiremanysolutionsworkinginhar

monytoenablepositivechange.”可知,本段主要说明解决问题不能一味追求简单的方法,有的问题应该用多种方法协调解决。故选D项。2.C解析:细节理解题。由第三段中“Andwhiletechnologiesoffernewtoolstohelpuncoversoluti

ons,theprocessalsorequireshardwork,imaginationandlotsofimprovement.”可知,作者希望科学家和工程师带着想象力努力工作,以提供解决方案。故选C项。3.D解析:推理判断题。由倒

数第二段“Wecannotcontrolsunshinelevelsordecidewhenthewindblows,whichmeanssolarpowerandwindpowergeneratorswillproducetoomuchortool

ittleenergyattimes.Thetransitiontorenewablesneedstotakeaccountofseriousconsiderations.”可知,作者认为太阳能和风能是人们无法控制的,需要认真考虑向可再

生能源的过渡,由此推知,作者对使用太阳能和风能持怀疑态度。故选D项。4.A解析:细节理解题。由最后一段中“Power-to-Xtechnologiesenablespareenergycreatedbyrenewablestobestoredandredist

ributedwhenandwhereitisneeded.”可知,Power-to-X技术可以在适当的时间和地点对所储存的再生资源进行储存和再分配,即它的优势是调整能源供应。故选A项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国正

在建造的空间站——天宫空间站的目的、任务,以及天宫空间站的未来影响力。5.D解析:细节理解题。由第二段“AccordingtoChinaMannedSpaceAgency(CMSA),whichoperates...developmentoftechnologythatcanaidfuture

deepspaceexploration.”可知,天宫空间站可以进一步帮助太空探索,故选D项。6.C解析:段落大意题。通读本段内容可知,该段主要讲的是CCM的生活状况,即LivingconditionsonCCM,故选C项。7.B解析:推理判断题。由最后

一段中“TheagreementholdsimportanceduetoItaly’sleadingpositioninthefieldofhumanspaceflight...Tiangongisalsoexpectedt

ohostexperimentsfrommanyothercountries.”可知,天宫空间站的未来将会是有前途和有影响力的,即“Promisingandinfluential”,故选B项。8.D解析:推理判断题。通读全

文可知,本文主要介绍的是天宫空间站,属于科学领域的内容,由此可知,该文应在网站的科学部分出现,故选D项。【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了研究人员偶然间在一张明信片上发现了凡·高人生最后一幅画的创作地点这一事情。9.A解析:主旨大意题。由第二段

中的“ADutchresearcherfiguredoutthatascenedescribedintheartist’slastwork,TreeRoots,wasvisibleonapostcardshowingamansta

ndingnexttoabicycleonabackstreetofthevillageAuvers-sur-Oise.”可知,第二段承接上文,主要描述这一发现的由来,即一张明信片上发现了凡·高最后一幅画中的场景,故选A项。10.D

解析:细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“HetookavirtualtripdownthesiteusingGoogle’sStreetView.”可知,研究人员WoutervanderVeen正是在看过明信片后,通过谷歌街景的模

拟旅行进行了确认,故选D项。11.B解析:词义猜测题。由第五段中WoutervanderVeen的话“Villagersknowthespotandthemaintreerootwell,evengivingitthename‘theele

phant’becauseofitsshapes”和“Itwasreallyhidinginovertsight.”可知,凡·高最后一幅画中的地方并不是不毛之地,相反很多人都知道这里,但就是没有人将它们联系起来,此处overt应表示“明显的”以表达“藏在眼皮底下”的含义,故选B项。