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西北师大附中2022-2023学年第一学期期中考试试题高三英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、学号填写在答题卡上。2.本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，

用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号框。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后,请将答题卡交回，试题自行保管。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，

满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThingstodoinCaboCorrient

es,Jalisco,MexIco！◆RhythmsoftheNight-SunsetCruise(乘船游览)Duration:5hrsKickofftheeveningwithasceniccruisea

crossBanderasBaytoLasCaletas.LasCaletasoncehometoaHollywoodmoviedirectorJohnHuston,offersfront-rowsunsetseats,anddinnertab

lesjuststepsawayfromthewater.Thebuffet-stylemenuoffersawidevarietyofchoices.Watchthelivelyperformanceofan

cientceremoniesandbelostinhistoricalstoriesaboutJalisco.Youmustbeabletoclimbandgodownstairs.◆SayulitaEscapeDuration:3hrsHopo

napowerfulUTV(utilitytaskvehicle)toexploreSayulita,anicebeachtownnotfarfromVallarta.Rideovermuddyroadsandariverbedtoreachthes

mallcommunityfamousforitsrelaxingatmosphere.Soonafterhittingthemainroad,yourguideturnsontooneofthedustyforestpa

ths.Whenyouareready,apicniclunch,anopenbar,andaknowledgeablecrewawaityourreturntotheship.Wheelchairaccessibilityisavailable.◆LasCaletas

BeachHideawayDuration:7hrs,Theuseofkayaks(独木舟)andstand-uppaddleboardsisallavailable,aswellasascenicna

turewalkandadmissiontoKidsAdventureParkfortheyoungones.Youcanevenswimouttoanoffshoreplatformtopracticeyourdivingskills.Wheel

chairaccessibilityisnotavailable.◆StreetFoodandTacoTourinPuertovallartaDuration:6hrs30minsEnjoyafeastoflocal

flavorsinourfoodandtacos-tastingtour.DiscoverPuertoVallarta'sbestflavorstothelocals'eye.Learnaboutthelocalcultureandlife,whileyoueatwheretheloc

alsdowiththeirbelovedones.Wheelchairaccessibilityisnotavaliable.1.WhatcantouristsdoonthetourRhythmsoftheNight-SunsetCrui

se?A.Enjoyfreedinners.B.ComeacrossthemoviedirectorJohnHuston.C.LearnaboutthehistoryofJalisco.D.Watchthescenicsunrise.2.HowdoesthetourSayul

itaEscapedifferfromtheotherones?A.Itincludesalicensedguide.B.Itismorefriendlytothedisabled.C.Itoffersvariouswaterevent.D.Ithasadvent

urousroutes.3.Whichtoursuitsfamilieswithkids?A.LasCaletasBeachHideaway.B.SayulitaEscape.C.RhythmsoftheN

ight-SunsetCruise.D.StreetFoodandTacoTourinPuertoVallarta.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了墨西哥一座城市的几

个旅游项目。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一部分倒数第二句“WatchthelivelyperformanceofancientceremoniesandbelostinhistoricalstoriesaboutJalisco.”可知，在这段乘船旅程中，人们可

以欣赏到有关Jalisco的历史故事，也就是能了解到其历史。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二部分最后一句“Wheelchairaccessibilityisavailable.”可知，这一旅程中是可以使用轮椅的，而其他项目

中都明确说明了不能使用轮椅（第一部分指出要上下楼梯也不行）。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第三部分“Theuseofkayaks(独木舟)andstand-uppaddleboardsisallavailable,aswellasascenicn

aturewalkandadmissiontoKidsAdventureParkfortheyoungones.”可知，该项目也给孩子提供相应的游玩地点，比较适合父母带孩子一起参加。故选A项。BChildren'saveragedail

ytimespentwatchingtelevisionorusingmobiledeviceincreasedfrom53minutesatage12monthstomorethan150minutesat3years,accordingtoananalysisby

researchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealth(NIH).Byage8,childrenweremorelikelytologthehighestamountofscreentime

iftheyhadbeeninhome-basedchildrenorwereborntofirst-timemothers.“Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”

saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD).“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventions(干涉)toreducescreenti

mecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.”Intheresearch,mothersof4,000childrenrespondedtoquestionsontheirkids'mediaha

bitswhentheywere12,18,24,30,and36monthsofage.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaexposureforchildrenunde

r18monthsofage,introducingchildren18to24monthsofagetoscreenmediaslowly,andlimitingscreentimetoanhouradayfor

childrenfrom2to5yearsofage.Inthecurrentstudy,researchersfoundthat87%ofthechildrenhadscreentimeexceeding(超过)theserecommendations.However,whilescreent

imeincreasedthroughouttoddlerhood,byage7and8,screentimefelltounder1.5hoursperday.Theresearchersbelievethisdecreaserelatestotimeconsumedbysc

hool-relatedactivities.Thestudyauthorsclassifiedthechildrenintotwogroupsbasedonhowmuchtheiraveragedailyscreentimeincreasedfromage1toage3.Thefi

rstgroup,73%ofthetotalhadthelowestincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,

27%ofthetotal,hadthehighestincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.Higherlevelsofparentaleducationwereassociatedwithlower

oddsofinclusioninthesecondgroup.4WhousemobiledevicelongestaccordingtotheNIH'sanalysis?A.10-year-oldborntof

irst-timemothers.B.3-year-oldchildreninlowincomefamilies.C.8-year-oldchildreninhome-basedchildcare.D.1-year-oldchildrenwithparentspoorlyeducated..5.

WhatdoestheresearchsuggestaccordingtoEdwina?A.Parentsshouldstoptheirchildrenusingmedia.B.Parentsshouldlimittheuseofdigi

talmediathemselves.C.Parentsshouldreducetheirchildren'sscreentimeearlier.D.Parentsshouldavoidtheirchildrenusingdigitalmediaatinfancy(婴儿期

).6.Whydoeschildren'sscreentimefallwhentheyage7and8?A.Theyarestudyingatschool.B.Theycancontrolthemselves.C.Theyaretiredofusingthem.D.T

heyareforbiddentousethem.7.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitle?A.KeepAwayfromMediaB.ScreenHabitsBeginEarlyC.

UrgencyofParentalEducationD.HarmofHome-basedChildcare【答案】4.C5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不

同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Byage8,childrenweremorelikelytologthe

highestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninhome-basedchildrenorwereborntofirst-timemothers.（到8岁时，如果孩子是在家的孩子，或者是第一次做母亲的

孩子，那么他们更有可能花最多的时间看屏幕。）”可知，根据NIH的分析，家庭托儿所的8岁儿童使用移动设备的时间最长。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段埃德温娜说的话“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventionstoreducescree

ntimecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.（这一发现表明，如果及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。）”根据埃德温娜的说法，这项研究表明了家长应该尽早减

少孩子的屏幕时间。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,whilescreentimeincreasedthroughouttoddlerhood,byage7and8,screentimefelltounder1.5hoursperday.Theresearcher

sbelievethisdecreaserelatestotimeconsumedbyschool-relatedactivities.（然而，在蹒跚学步的过程中，屏幕时间一直在增加，到7岁和8岁时，屏幕时间下降到每天1.5小时以下。研究人员认为，这种减少与学校相关活动所消

耗的时间有关。）”可知，孩子在7岁和8岁的时候屏幕时间减少了的原因是他们在学校学习。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段““Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinN

ationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD).(美国国家儿童健康与人类发展研究所的研究员EdwinaYeung说：“我们的研究结果表明，屏幕习惯很早就开始了。”)”及全文可知，文章介绍了儿童很早就接触屏幕了，每天看电视或使用移动设备

的平均时间增加了。美国研究了不同年龄段的平均使用时长并通过实验分析，并提出及早采取干预措施，减少屏幕时间，成功率会更高。所以“ScreenHabitsBeginEarly(屏幕习惯很早就开始了)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。CDu

etotheeffectsofclimatechange,newspeciesofbirdsarecomingtotheUK.ArecentstudybytheRSPBandDurhamUniversityhasfoundtha

tEuropeanbirdshavebeenmigratingfurthernorthbyanaverageof300miles.Whilefewerbirds,suchasthetuftedduck,arereturningforthewintermonths,therehasbee

nanincreaseinotherspeciesastheyseekanewholidayhomeoraquietstop-off!It'sthoughtthatintheUK,wewillgainmanymorespec

iesthanwe'lllosethroughclimatechange-a3°Cchangewon'taffectthemigrationsofmostbirds,sobirdssuchasrobins,blackbirds,bluetitsandgreenfincheswillstil

lberegularvisitorstoourgardens.Climatechangehasbeenaffectingdomesticbirdsthough-theDartfordwarbler,aspeciesthatwaslite

rallydowntojustacoupleofpairsintheUKinthe1960s,hasbeenspreadingfurthernorthfromit’straditionalhomeinsouth-eastEngland.Otherbirdssuchasgreenwoo

dpeckersandnuthatcheshavealreadybeenregularvisitorstothecountry,buthavenowstartedtospreadfurthernorth,withsomeevengoingasfarasnorthernEnglan

d.Scopsowlshavealsobeenregularvisitors,mostlyinthesouthofEngland.Andoverthenext50yearsorso,thesevisitorswilleventuallystarttosettleinthe

UKastheycontinueto·breed(繁殖)andadaptthemselvestotheconditions.Otherbirdsare,forthemoment,justpassingthrougho

ntheirmigration,usingtheUKasapitstop.Theexotic-lookinghoopoe-astrikingblack-and-white-wingedbird,thesizeofamistlethrush----regularlypa

ssesEngland'ssouthcoastand,althoughitdoesn'tbreedhere,upto100ofthemcanturnupduringthespring.Asclimatechangecontinu

es,there'snothingtosuggestthatthesebirdswon'tcontinuetobreednorthwardsduringthenextdecadeandspottingthemwillbecomearegularoccurrencethroughoutthec

ountry.8.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.TherearefewerbirdsintheUKduetotheclimatechange.B.Birdswon'tbeaffectedbytemperaturechangewi

thin3°C.ItmaygetwarmerthanbeforeinthenorthoftheUK.D.BirdsintheUKdon'tneedmigrationsanymore.9.WhichbirdsareexpectedtoliveintheUKinthefu

ture?A.Scopsowls.B.Robins.C.Dartfordwarbler.D.Hoopoe.10.Whatdóestheunderlinedword“pitstop”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Garage.B.Gasstation.C.Restingp

lace.D.Nest.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.BirdsvisittheUKregularlyinwinter.B.Climatechangeisaffectingthepopulationandmigrationso

fbirdsintheUK.C.BirdsstarttoinhabitthenorthernpartsoftheUK.D.Thepopulationofbirdsintheworldisontheincreaseduetotheclimatechange.【答案】8.C9.A10.

C11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了气候变化对于英国鸟类物种迁徙的影响。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“It'sthoughtthatintheUK,wewillgainmanym

orespeciesthanwe'lllosethroughclimatechange-a3°Cchangewon'taffectthemigrationsofmostbirds,sobirdssuchasrobins,blackbirds,bluetitsandgreenfinchesw

illstillberegularvisitorstoourgardens.Climatechangehasbeenaffectingdomesticbirdsthough-theDartfordwarbler,aspeciesthatwasliterallydowntojustacoupleof

pairsintheUKinthe1960s,hasbeenspreadingfurthernorthfromit’straditionalhomeinsouth-eastEngland.Otherbi

rdssuchasgreenwoodpeckersandnuthatcheshavealreadybeenregularvisitorstothecountry,buthavenowstartedtospreadfurthernorth,wi

thsomeevengoingasfarasnorthernEngland.（据认为，在英国，气候变化将使我们获得比失去更多的物种——3°C的变化不会影响大多数鸟类的迁徙，所以知更鸟、黑鹂、蓝山雀和绿雀等鸟类仍将是我们花园的常客。然而，气候变化已经

影响到了家养鸟类——在20世纪60年代，英国的达特福德莺实际上只剩下了几对，现在已经从它的传统家园英格兰东南部向北扩散。其他鸟类，如绿啄木鸟和五子雀，已经是这个国家的常客，但现在已经开始向北扩散，有些甚至远至英格兰北部。）”可知，由于气候变化，将

会有更多的鸟迁徙进英国，三度的温度变化对大多数鸟类迁徙没有影响，同时部分鸟类开始前往英国北部，可知，英国北部由于气温升高，所以鸟类会迁徙过去。选项C符合语意。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Scop

sowlshavealsobeenregularvisitors,mostlyinthesouthofEngland.Andoverthenext50yearsorso,thesevisitorswilleventuallystarttosettleint

heUKastheycontinueto·breed(繁殖)andadaptthemselvestotheconditions.（猫头鹰也是常客，主要生活在英格兰南部。在接下来的50年左右,这些游客最终将

开始定居在英国继续繁殖并适应当地条件。）”可知，未来猫头鹰将会生活在英国。选项A符合语意，故选A。【10题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Otherbirdsare,forthemoment,justpassingthroughontheirmigration,usingth

eUKasapitstop.（目前，其他鸟类只是在迁徙过程中经过这里，把英国作为______。）”可知，这些鸟类只是路过英国，不会停留在英国。所以英国只是它们临时休息的地方。选项C符合语意。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Duetotheeffectsofclimatechange

,newspeciesofbirdsarecomingtotheUK.ArecentstudybytheRSPBandDurhamUniversityhasfoundthatEuropeanbirdshavebeenmigratingfurthernorthbyanaverageof300mile

s.Whilefewerbirds,suchasthetuftedduck,arereturningforthewintermonths,therehasbeenanincreaseinotherspeciesastheyseekanewholi

dayhomeoraquietstop-off!（由于气候变化的影响，新的鸟类物种正在来到英国。皇家鸟类保护协会和杜伦大学最近的一项研究发现，欧洲鸟类平均向北迁徙了300英里。虽然越来越少的鸟类，如簇毛鸭，

回来过冬，但其他物种却在增加，因为它们在寻找新的度假场所或安静的停留!）”可知，文章开篇提出主题，即气候变化影响了英国地区鸟类的迁徙，并提供研究结果展开论述。选项B符合语意。故选B。DIfsomeonecreatedaflyingmachinecapableoftrackingyoudownby

listeningforyourvoice,youmightbeterrified.Butwhatifyouweretrappedinruinsafteranaturaldisasterandfirstresponderscouldn

’tlocateyou?Maybethenahuman-seekingdrone(无人机)wouldn’tbesuchaterribleidea.ThatconceptisthefocusforengineersatGermany’sFraunhoferFKIEInsti

tute,who’vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetecting(探测)humanscreams.“Thehuman-seekingdronewouldbeidealforpost-disastersituations,suchaseart

hquakes,hurricanesandwildfires,”saidMacarenaVarela,oneoftheleadengineers.“Theycouldhoveroveranareathatrescuecr

ewshavedifficultygettingtoandlocateexactlywherepeoplemaybetrapped.”Locatingpeoplebysoundpresentsitsshareofchallenges.Anauditory(听觉的)syst

emwouldneedtodistinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappeninnature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.Itmightalsoneedtor

ecognizepatternsassociatedwithkicking,clappingorotherwayspeopletrytogettheattentionofrescueteams.Engineerstookthosesituationsinto

accountwhenbuildingouttheirconceptdrone.Theyrecordedthemselvesscreaming,tappingandcreatingothernoisesthatmightbeasignofpeopleint

rouble.Then,theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequencytofindcommonsignaturesandusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware.Theyalsoworkedtoremovethenoise

createdbythedroneandotherenvironmentalsounds.Oncethesoftwarepartwascomplete,theteamplacedtinydigitalmicrophonesunderthedroneanduseds

ignalprocessingtechniquesthatenabledthemtotrackwherehumannoisesarecomingfrom.Themicrophonesalsoenhancedthevolumeandclarityofthes

peech.Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim’slocationwithinafewsecondsofpi

ckingupsound.Next,theywouldliketoaddahigherfrequencymicrophonetoadronetoacquiremoreaudiosoundsignals.Theideai

stopickupnoisesfromhundredsofmetersaway,Varelasaid.Intherealworld,victim’slocationdatamightonedaybesentwirelesslytoemergencycrewscarry

ingatablet.12.Whatistheadvantageofthehuman-seekingdrone?A.Itshighspeedofflying.B.Itslongworkinghours.C.Itsquickresponsetoscreams.D.Itseasyaccesstodi

sasterscene.13.Whatcantheauditorysystemdo?A.Recognizehumancries.BPickupsoundsfromfaraway.C.Sendvictim’slocationdata

toatablet.D.Improvethequalityofhumanscreams.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“signatures”inparagraph4refer

to?A.Effects.B.Features.C.Symbols.D.Situations.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AI

EnablesDronestoGiveBetterPerformance.B.Human-seekingDronesReplaceRescueCrews.C.RescuersUseDronestoLocateD

isasterSurvivors.D.EngineersTeachDronestoHuntHumanScreams.【答案】12.C13.A14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器，以及这项技术在救援过程中是如何发挥作用

的。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Sofar,theyhaveconductedsuccessfulopenfieldexperiments,findingthatthedronecanestimateavictim’slocationw

ithinafewsecondsofpickingupsound.(到目前为止，他们进行了成功的野外实验，发现无人机在捕捉到声音后几秒钟内就能估计出受害者的位置)”可知，无人机捕捉到声音后，.几秒内就能估计出声音的位置，说明

反应速度很快。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Anauditory(听觉的)systemwouldneedtodistinguishhumancriesfromsoundsthatoftenhappenin

nature,suchasanimalcallsandwind.(听觉系统需要能区分人类呼救声和自然界里也能听到的声音，如动物叫声和风声。)”可知，这套听觉系统的功能是探测人类的尖叫声。故选A。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段“Then,

theyanalyzedeachsoundfrequency(然后，他们分析每个声音的频率)”以及“andusedthosetotrainartificialintelligencesoftware.(并用这些来训练人工智能软件)”可知

，研究人员通过分析声音的频率特点，然后与人类声音进行比对，最后使用机器对搜寻到的声音进行分析，最终帮助找到失踪人员。由此可知，划线单词是指“声音与声音的共同点”，即共同的特点。故选B。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thatconc

eptisthefocusforengineersatGerman’sFraunhoferFIEInstitute,who’vebuiltadronetofindpeoplebydetecting(探测)humanscreams.(这一概念是德

国弗劳恩霍夫五研究所中工程师们所关注的，他们建立了无人机，这种无人机可以通过探测人类的尖叫声而找到他们)”及下文对这种无人机的介绍可知，文章主要讲述了一种通过探测人类的尖叫声来追踪目标的飞行器。由此可知，EngineersTeachDron

estoHuntHumanScreams(工程师教无人机捕捉人类的尖叫声)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoMakeFriendsF

riendshipisaveryimportanthumanrelationshipandeveryoneneedsgoodfriends.Goodfriendshiphasmanybenefits.Itofferscompanionship,impro

vesself-worthandpromotesgoodhealth.Therearetimesinourlivessuchaswhenwehaverecentlymovedintoanewtown,orchange

dourjobsorschools.Suchchangesoftenleavesuswithoutafriend____16____.Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescou

rage.Belowaresomehelpfulsuggestionsonhowtomakeandkeepfriends.1.Associatewithothers.Thefirststeptomakingfriendsisassociatingwithotherpeople

.Youcangotopublicplacestomeetnewpeople.Besides,youwillneedtomakeyourselfknownbybecominganactivememberofsuchplaces.2.StartaconversationStartingaconver

sationisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.____17____Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.Beingabl

etomakesmalltalkisaveryusefulskillinrelatingwithotherpeople.3.____18____.Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinb

uildingfriendshipastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperienc

e.4.Letitgrow.Itisagoodthingtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthis

wouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.____19____.Thebestfriendshipsaretheonesthatgrownaturally.5.Enjoyyourfriendship.Thebestwa

ytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.____20____Trynottochangethemfromwhotheyaretow

hatyouwantthemtobe.Becomethekindoffriendyouwillwantyourfriendtobetoyou.A.Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsome

people.B.Becheerful.C.Forafriendshiptodevelopyouneedtostayintouch.D.Donotwaittobespokento.E.Dothingstog

ether.F.Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.G.Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文时一篇说明文。文章主要介

绍了一些交友和保持朋友关系的建议。【16题详解】根据下文的“Butformanyofustheprocessisdifficultandrequirescourage.（但对我们中的许多人来说，这个过程是困难的，需要勇气。）

”可知，作者认为一些人交友比较困难。根据连词But可知，此句与横线处的句子形成对比。A项“Makingnewfriendscomeseasyforsomepeople.（有些人交新朋友很容易。）”与下文形成对比，故选A项。【17题详解】根据上文“Startingaconversa

tionisthesecondmostimportantstepinmakingnewfriends.（开始对话是结交新朋友的第二重要步骤。）”下文“Youcanalwaysstarttheconversation.”（每次你都可以（先）开始谈话。）可知，作者建议自己主动开启对话。

D项“Donotwaittobespokento.（不要等着别人说话。）”与下文形成逻辑上的一致，故选D项。【18题详解】根据本段“Choosingfriendswithcommoninterestsisimportantinbuildingfriendshi

pastheseinterestswouldalwaysbringyouandyourfriendtogether.Hangingoutwillalwaysbeapleasantexperience.（选择有共同兴趣的朋友对

建立友谊很重要，因为这些兴趣会让你和你的朋友走到一起。出去玩总是一种愉快的体验。）”可知，本段主要建议“与朋友一起做事”。E项“Dothingstogether.（一起做事。）”正是对于本段主旨的概括，故选C项。【19题详解】根据上文“Itisagoodthin

gtostayintouch.However,trynottopressyournewfriendwithcalls,messagesorvisitsasthiswouldlikelywearhimorheroutandfinallyyoumayloseyourfriend.（保持联系是件好事。然

而，尽量不要用电话、短信或来访来催促你的新朋友，因为这可能会让他或她筋疲力尽，最终你可能会失去你的朋友。）”强调不要催促朋友。G项“Soyouwillneedtogiveyourfriendtimetoreacttoyou.（所以你需要给你的朋友时间来回应你。）”跟上文是“

因果关系”，故选G项。【20题详解】上文“Thebestwaytoenjoyyourfriendshipistoallowyourfriendstobethemselves.（享受友谊的最好方式是让你的朋友做自己。）”建议“让朋友作自己”。F项“

Trynottofindfaultwithyourfriends.（试着不要对你的朋友吹毛求疵。）”就是针对上文的建议提的方案。在形式上与下文一致，形式排比句式。故填F项。第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分4

5分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。RunningforaDreamIwillneverforgetthatNovemberday．Itwash

otterthannormal．Thiswasthe____21____myfatherandIhadwaitedsolongfor，becausewehadbeenworkingtowardsthisraceforthreeyears．Dozensoffamili

arfacesfromchurchandschoolflashedacrossmyview．Theyhadcome____22____me．Isawworryand____23____onmyfather'sface．

Thentheracebegan!Forthefirsttwoandahalfmiles．Ifelt____24____．Ihadneverbeforebeensoreadyforsomething．Theweeksleadinguptotheracewerefilledwithcontro

lled____25____andastrictdiet．Myfriendshadn'tseenmeinweeks，buttheyunderstoodthe___26___requiredtomakemydreamar

eality．Asinallofmyraces，Ididn't___27___outinthefront，Ilovedthepleasureofpassingpeopleasmystrengthovert

ooktheirprematurespeed．Thenwithoutwarning，mystrengthbegantodecrease．Neckandneckwithoneofmygreatestcompetitors，I____28____seethefinishline．Ih

adbegunthefinaldashinto___29___whenmykneesbecameweakandmylegsgaveway．NothingIcoulddowouldmakethem___30___weight．Iwatchedasrun

nersrushedbyme．____31____Iknewmydreamsofvictoryweredestroyed．Ihadtofinishtherace．However，mylegshurtbadly．Withallofthe____32____leftinme，Igotonmyhand

sandkneesandcrawled（爬），inchbyinch，acrossthefinishline．Voices，both____33____andfamiliar，cheeredmeon．Theygave

methecouragetokeep____34____untiltheveryend．Thedoctorswerethereinseconds，butmyeyessearchedthecrowdforhim．TherewasonlyonepersonIwantedto__

__35____to．Iwhispered，"I'msosorry，Dad，I'msosorryI____36____you．"Helookedatme，saying，"Youcouldneverdisappointme．Sometimesthesethingsjust

____37____．Allthatmattersisthatyoudidyourbest．""Butweworkedso____38____．Whataboutourdream？"Hereachedoverformyhandandsaid，"Don'tyouknowthatyo

uaremydreamandithascometrue？"Itwasn'tlongbeforemyrunningshoeswerebackon，markinga____39____pathformyjourney，I

learnedthatallofthemiles，thetears，thesweat，andthepainmydadandIexperiencedtogetherwerenotfora____40____．WhatIrealized，though，wasthattohim，Iwas

thegreatestprizehehadeverwon．21.A.dreamB.weatherC.resultD.day22.A.forB.toC.acrossD.over23.A.coldnessB.astonis

hmentC.excitementD.amusement24.A.proudB.greatC.nervousD.afraid25.A.programsB.studiesC.instructionsD.pr

actices26.A.sacrificeB.potentialC.patienceD.attention27.A.lookB.moveC.startD.come28.A.shouldB.couldC.mustD.nee

d29.A.reliefB.spiritC.pleasureD.glory30.A.giveB.feelC.holdD.add31.A.WhereB.BecauseC.IfD.Although32.A.trustB.emotio

nC.strengthD.confidence33.A.loudB.foreignC.softD.firm34.A.goingB.runningC.fightingD.training35.A.referB.talkC.listenD.agree36

.A.frightenedB.disturbedC.disappointedD.bored37.A.developB.changeC.followD.happen38.A.lateB.hardC.closelyD.quickly39.A.newB.nearC

.roughD.narrow40.A.wishB.dutyC.rankD.race【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.D32.C33.B34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.

A40.D【解析】【分析】试题解析：本文为记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者在一次赛跑中腿部受伤仍坚持爬过终点线，从而对人生有了更深刻的感悟。【21题详解】考查名词。A．dream梦想,B．weather天气,C．result结果,D．da

y日子，根据第一句IwillneverforgettheNovemberday，可知选D。【22题详解】考查介词。A．for为了,B．to对于，C．across穿越，D．over超过，此处表示他们是为我来的，所以选A。【23题详解】考查名词。A．coldness冷酷，B．as

tonishment吃惊，C．excitement兴奋，D．amusement娱乐，根据情感线索，结合排除法，爸爸此时的心情既担心又感到兴奋，所以选C。【24题详解】考查形容词。A．proud自豪的，B．great好极了的，C．nervous紧张的，D．afraid担心的，根据后一

句Ihadneverbeforebeenreadyforsomething，所以刚开始跑的时候作者感觉很好，所以选B。【25题详解】考查名词。A．programs项目，B．studies学习，研究，C．instructions指示，D．practices训练，根据上下

文可知，根据尝试就可以做出来，为了比赛而训练，所以选D。【26题详解】考查名词A。sacrifice牺牲，B．potential潜能，C．patience耐心，D．attention注意，根据语境，我

朋友们理解我为实现梦想而做出的牺牲，所以选A。【27题详解】考查动词。A．look看，B．move移动，C．start开始，D．come来，在我所有的比赛中，我开始的时候并没有领先，我喜欢赶超别人，所以选C。【28题详解】考查情态动词。could过去的能力，此

处表示我能看到终点线，所以选B。【29题详解】考查名词。A．relief释放，B．spirit精神，C．pleasure愉快，D．glory光荣，荣誉，此句话意思是我要做最后的冲刺了，很快就能取得胜利的荣誉。所以选

D。【30题详解】考查动词。我的腿不能支撑住我身体的重量。A．give给，B．feel感受到，C．hold抓住，撑住，D．add增添，所以选C。【31题详解】考查连词。此处语境表示尽管我知道我已无缘夺冠

，但是我还要继续完成比赛，所以D正确。【32题详解】考查名词。A．trust信任，B．emotion感情，C．strength力气，D．confidence信心，此处表示作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以选C。【33

题详解】考查形容词。A．loud大声的，B．foreign陌生的，C．soft柔软的，D．firm坚定的，根据语境可知foreign在这里不是国外的，是和familiar相对，意为陌生的。所以选B。【34题详解】考查动词。A．going去，B．runn

ing跑，C．fighting斗争，D．training训练，此处表示keepgoing继续保持，作者此时是爬行，所以不选running，而选A。【35题详解】考查动词。A．refer谈到，B．tal

k谈话，讨论，C．listen听，D．agree同意，根据下一句Iwhisper，可知选择B.talk合适。【36题详解】考查形容词。A．frightened感到害怕的，B．disturbed打扰的，C．disappointed失

望的，D．bored感到无聊的，根据下文youcouldneverdisappointme，可知C正确。【37题详解】考查动词。A．develop发展，B．change改变，C．follow跟随，D．happen发生，此处表示这种事难免发生，重要的是你要尽最大努力，所以D正确。【38题

详解】考查副词。A．late迟到的，B．hard努力的，C．closely密切地，D．quickly快地，前面提到：重要的是你们尽自己最大的努力，后面回答：但是我们已经很努力了．workhard努力工作，其他选项不符句意．所以选择B。【39题详解】考

查形容词。A．new新的，B．near近的，C．rough粗糙的，D．narrow狭窄的，根据语境没过多久我又穿上了跑鞋，开始了一段新的征程，所以A正确。【40题详解】考查名词。A．wish希望，B．duty责任，C．rank等级，D．race比赛，此

句是文章的升华，把race上升到人生高度，作者尽全力，用手和膝盖朝终点爬去，所以D正确。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesecuisineiswidelyknownan

denjoyedallaroundtheworld.Whodoesn’tlongforafavoriteChinesedish?Butthereisoneinterestingconcept____41____(concern)Chinesefoodwhichi

salmostunheardofintheWest,andwhichisbecoming____42____(increasing)ignoredbytheyouthoftheEast---theancientcustomof“tonic(滋补的)food”.____43____iskn

owntous,tonicfoodisfoodthatisconsumedtoimproveone’swell-beingoravoidsickness.Forinstance,itwasonceacustomfornewmothers____44____(eat)asesameo

ilhotpoteverydayforthefirstmonthaftergivingbirth.Itwasageneral____45____(believe)thatthisdishwouldbenefitthemuscles,reducepai

n,improvecirculation,stimulatesweating,andwarmthebody.Somefoods,suchasgoatmeat,areseenas“hot”,while____46____

(other),suchasChinesecabbage,areseenas“cold”.Oneshouldbecarefulnottoeattoomuchofeither“hot”or“cold”food.However,howm

uch“hot”or“cold”foodoneshouldeat____47____(depend)onthetimeoftheyear,howthefoodispreparedandwhatitispreparedwith,andtheindividual’

shealth.Thecustomofemployingtonicfoods____48____ahealthierlifealsoinfluencesthecateringindustry.Chineseherbalmedicines,suchasw

olfberries(枸杞),canbefoundonmanyarestaurantmenu,either____49____(add)tofruitteaorasavery_____50_____(benefit)additiontoadish

.Theseherbsattractcustomers,suchasoverworkedofficestaff,inneedofamodestpick-me-up(提神的东西).【答案】41.concerning42.increas

ingly43.As44.toeat45.belief46.others47.depends48.for49.added50.beneficial【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的食补的习俗以及食补的应

用情况。【41题详解】考查介词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。后跟名词作宾语，表示“关于”应用介词concerning。故填concerning。【42题详解】考查副

词。句意：但是关于中国食物有一个有趣的概念——“食补”，这个古老的习俗在西方几乎是前所未闻的，而在东方却越来越被年轻人忽视。修饰动词ignore应用副词increasingly，作状语，故填increasingly。【43题详解

】考查固定短语。句意：众所周知，食补是用来增进健康或避免疾病的食物。结合句意表示“众所周知”可知短语为asisknowntosb.，as引导非限制性定语从句。句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在过去的习俗中，新妈妈们在产后的第一个月里每天都要吃麻油

火锅。分析可知，此处为固定句型“itbe+n.+forsb.todosth.”，it为形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填toeat。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，这道菜对肌肉有益，减轻疼痛，促进血液循环，刺激出汗，暖和身体。此处作表语，表示“信念，认为”应用名词belief

，冠词a提示用单数。故填belief。【46题详解】考查代词。句意：一些食物，如山羊肉和菠菜，被视为“热性”食物，而其他食物，如大白菜和萝卜，则被视为“凉性”食物。此处表示“其他食物”应用代词others，作主语，构成some...o

thers...“一些……其他……”。故填others。【47题详解】考查主谓一致。句意：然而，吃多少“热”或“冷”的食物，要视时令、烹调方法和调料，以及个人的健康状况而定。根据后文is可知为一般现在时，且主语为howmuch“hot”or“cold”foodoneshouldeat，谓语

用第三人称单数形式。故填depends。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：食补养生的习俗也影响着餐饮业。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用介词for表示“为了”。故填for。【49题详解】考查语态。句意：中国草

药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。此处add与主语构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。故填added。【50题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国草药，如枸杞，在许多餐馆的菜单上都能找到，或者加到水果茶里，或者作为对菜肴非常有益的配料。修饰后文名词add

ition，应用形容词beneficial，作定语，故填beneficial。第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下信件内容。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误

仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划—横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅

限一词;2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Recently,afamousbasketballplayerhascausedpublicangrybywritingontheGreatWall.Inthefact,thishappensinmanyplaceofinter

est.Ihadsomesuggestionstosolvethisproblem.First,makemoreposterstoinformthepublicthedamageofgraffiti(涂鸦).Besides,punishments,suchasafine,isne

cessarytotouristswithsobadbehaviors.Also,Ithinkit’shelpfullytoputupsomeboardsalongthetouristattractionsthattouristscanleavemessages.I’

msurewithourefforts,moreandmorepeoplewillbecomeconcerningaboutprotectingculturalrelics.【答案】1.angry→anger2.去掉fact前面的the3.

place→places4had→have5.在public后面加of6.is→are7.so→such8.helpfully→helpful9.that→where10.concerning→concerned.【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者提出了一些防止游客在旅游景

点乱涂鸦的建议。【详解】1.考查名词。句意：最近，一位著名的篮球运动员在长城上写字，引起了公众的愤怒。此处意为“造成愤怒”，动宾结构，名词作宾语，且前面有形容词public修饰。故angry改为anger。2.考查冠词。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发

生。固定短语infact“事实上”，不需要冠词。故去掉fact前面的the。3.考查名词复数。句意：事实上，这种情况在许多名胜古迹中都有发生。固定短语placeofinterest意为“名胜”，此处前面

有many修饰，后面应用复数名词，此短语的中心词是place。故把place改为places。4.考查时态。句意：我有一些解决这个问题的建议。本文用一般现在时描述，故此句也用一般现在时，主语是第一人称。故had改为have。5

.考查介词。句意：首先，制作更多的海报，告诉公众涂鸦的危害。固定短语informsb.ofsth.表示“通知某人某事”。故在public后面加of。6.考查主谓一致。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。此句的主语是punishments，是复数，故谓语也要用复数。

故is改为are。7.考查固定搭配。句意：此外，对于有这种不良行为的游客，罚款等惩罚是必要的。so修饰形容词或者副词，such修饰名词，虽然此处有bad这个形容词，但是bad也是来修饰后面这个名词behaviors的，也就是说此处的

中心词是behaviors，应用such。故so改为such。8.考查形容词。句意：此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为系表结构，形容词作表语，应用helpful。故helpfully改为helpful。9.考查定语从句。句意：

此外，我认为在旅游景点旁放一些公告栏是有帮助的，游客可以在那里留言。此处为定语从句，先行词是boards，从句缺少状语，应用关系副词where引导。故that改为where。10.考查形容词。句意：我相信，随着我们的努力，越来越多的人会关心保

护文物。固定短语beconcernedabout表示“关心……”。故concerning改为concerned。第二节书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你叫李华，是西北师范大学附属中学的一名高中生。你发现你校校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞特别严重。请你就此向二十

一世纪学生英文报Teens专栏写信，内容包括：1.校门口的交通现状;2.改变该现状的建议。注意：1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearSir/Madam,_________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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___________________________【答案】DearSir/Madam,I’mLiHua,astudentfromNorthwestNormalUniversityHighSchool.I’mwritingtotellyouthetrafficproblemwiththenei

ghborhoodofourschoolgate.Astrangephenomenonalwaysoccursnearourschoolgateduringtherushhourthatamassofvehiclesiscongested

ontheroad,causingmuchtroubleforstudentsandteacherstoentertheschool.AsfarasIamconcerned,measurestaken,thetrafficcongestionshouldbereli

eved.First,trafficsignaltimeneedsincreasing,andinthatcase,morepedestriansandvehiclesareallowedtopassrespectively.What’smor

e,duringtherushhour,setthelimitationofcarnumbers,forwhichthenumberofcarsisreduced.Hopefully,trafficconditionscouldbeimproved,whichbring

smuchconvenienceforstudentsandteachers.Yours，LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文。要求学生就校门口在上学放学高峰期交通堵塞情况，向英语报刊Teens专栏写一封信，提出改变现状的建议。【详解】1.词汇

积累：发生：occur→happen/takeplace大量的：amassof→vast/agooddealof/plentyof措施：measures→actions/steps减少：reduce→d

ecrease2.句式拓展：简单句变成复合句原句：amassofvehiclesiscongestedontheroad,causingmuchtroubleforstudentsandteacherstoentertheschool.拓展句：amasso

fvehiclesiscongestedontheroad,whichcausesmuchtroubleforstudentsandteacherstoentertheschool.【点睛】【高分句型1】Astrangephenomenonalw

aysoccursnearourschoolgateduringtherushhourthatamassofvehicleiscongestedontheroad,causingmuchtroubleforstuden

tsandteacherstoentertheschool.(运用了that引导同位语从句，以及现在分词作结果状语)【高分句型2】Alsoduringtherushhour,setthelimitat

ionofcarnumbers,forwhichthenumberofcarsissurelyreduced.(运用了介词+which引导非限制性定语从句),获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xian

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