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大兴区2022~2023学年度第一学期期末检测试卷高三英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnaSaturdaya

fternoon,youfindmostkidsoutsideplayinggames.Kidsaremadeforthe___1___,withtheirendlessenergyandtheeasywayinwhichtheymakefriends.It’snot___2___

forKameron,anordinary,fun-loving7-year-oldgirlwholovestodrawouttheworld’slongesthopscotch(跳格子)onthesidewalk.Butinb

etween___3___,Kamerontakestimetodosomethingspecialforher___4___neighborswhosechildrenhavelongsincelefthome.Kameronfirststarte

dwavingtothem.Mostofthemsmiledback.ThenKamerondecidedthatsomeofthemneededalittle___5___.Sosheranhome,tookherviolinandma

detherounds.“CanIplayyouasong?”sheasked,afterknockingonthedoor.Gustavsmiledwide.HiswifeVivian,whohashadmuscu

lardystrophy(肌肉萎缩)forover20years,stood___6___,andhaddifficultymovingabout.Itlookedterriblyuncomfortable.They’ve___7___theirdailywalkswithafter

noondrives,buteventhosearegettingtoodifficultforVivian.GustavletKameronin,andVivian___8___botharmsofherchairandpulledtoit.Onthetablebesideherwasaph

otoofherwithGustavwhentheywereyoungandenergetic.“Wantmetoplayyourfavoritesong?”Kameronasked.“Ofcours

e,”Gustavanswered.ItwastheonlysongKameronknew.Thesmallviolin___9___seriouslyunderKameron’schin(下巴).Shep

layedasbestasshecould.VivianbeatherlegtokeeprhythmforKameron.GustavheldVivian’sotherhand.Itwasnottheperformancethatwasmoving,butthe____1

0____itbrought.1.A.lessonsB.outdoorsC.classroomsD.experiences2.A.easyB.normalC.differentD.necessary3.A.gamesB.examsC.destinationsD.conversation

s4.A.youngB.proudC.elderlyD.lovely5.A.pressureB.emotionC.ambitionD.pleasure6.A.honestlyB.awkwardlyC.gratefullyD.determinedly7.A.repla

cedB.linkedC.repliedD.combined8.A.tookcareofB.tookchargeofC.tookoutofD.tookholdof9.A.rockedB.restedC

.jumpedD.wandered10.A.stylesB.profitsC.memoriesD.adventures第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Twod

ecades____11____(pass)sincenewspaperslaunchedwebsites,andyethereweare.Bigpapershavegoneunder,thousandsofjournalistshavelost____12____(they)jobs,andt

heideathatdigitalnewswilleventuallybecomeadecentbusiness____13____(feel)likearumor(谣言).Therealityisthis:nosocialnetworkhascomeclosetomatc

hingthesuccessofprintreadership.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhileLobbyBoytakesitsnamefromachar

acterinthefilm,thebanddoesn’twanttobeknownasanythingreductive.Butoneofthefilm’sideasthateveryoneinyourlifeha

stheincrediblepowertotelltheirownstoryis____14____(amaze).“Inmypersonallife,ItrytorememberthatevenifI’mstrugglingorhavingaconflict____15__

__someone,nomatterwhattheinteractionis,nomatterhowsmallorlargeitis,thisisastory____16____isunfoldinginfrontof

me,”hesays.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。After15yearsofworkingtoraiseclimateurgencyI’v

econcluded____17____thepublicandworldleadersunderestimatehowrapid,seriousclimateandecologicalbreakdownwillbeifhuma

nityfails____18____(organize).Theremayonlybefiveyears____19____(leave)beforehumanityexpendstheremaining“carbonbudget”tostayunder1.5℃of____20__

__(globe)heating.AndtheremayonlybefiveyearsbeforetheAmazonrainforestandalargeAntarcticicesheetpassirre

versiblepoints.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在,答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt’sexcitingwhenyourbookwormteenannouncesh

isorherplanstobeawriter.Ratherthanbombardthemwithfancypensandmotivationalreadingdirectthemtoacomfortzone:t

heInternet.Thesesitesaregreatresourcesandlandingspotsforfuturestorytellers.FigmentSpeciallytailoredforthe

teenreader/writer,Figmentisacommunitydedicatedtoreadingandwritingstoriesonline.Addictivelyfun,userscanratestoriesbywhethertheymadeth

emlaugh,blush,cry,orjustsay“wow.”Thesitefrequentlyrunscontestsandfeaturesworkfromwell-knownauthorsandeditorswhosometimesdropi

nforFigmentchatswiththesite’scommunity.WattpadItisthelargestonlinereadingplatform,andallowsauthorstosharetheir

workwiththeworld.Well-knownwriterssuchasMargaretAtwoodandCoryDoctorowevenposttheirworkhere.Teenscanfindand

followtheirfavoriteauthorsandreleasetheirownworksasserialnovels.TeenInkSupportedbythenonprofitYoungAuthorsFoundati

on,TeenInkisthetwenty-five-yearveteraninthefostering-teen-writersgame.Themagazine,bookseries,andwebsitearedevotedentirely

towriting,art,andphotosbyteens.It’salsoago-toforteensinterestedinwritingandpublishingnonfictionessaysandarticle

saswellaspoetry.OneTeenStoryDirectkidsheretointroducethemtothenonprofit’smonthlymagazine.Eachissuefeaturesoneshortstoryaboutthete

enexperience,usuallyfromaknownyoungadultauthor.Teensdrawntotheshortstoryformcanalsosubmittheirworkforconsiderationinanan

nualissuethatfeaturesastorywrittenbyateenforteens.NaNoWriMoNaNoWriMoisanawesomethirty-dayadventureforanywriter,butteensmightbeespeciallyinclin

edtojoin.InNovember,would-benovelistsovertheworldattempttowritea50,000-word(ormore)bookinthirtydays.21.Thepas

sageisintendedfor_________.A.teachersB.teensC.parentsD.writers22.Whichsitesmayprovidethechancetointeractwithrecognizedw

riters?A.FigmentandWattpad.B.FigmentandTeenInk.C.TeenInkandNaNoWriMo.D.WattpadandOneTeenStory.23.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A.OneTeenStoryisanonprofit’sannualmagazine.B.Figmentregularlyfeaturesyoungadultwriters’works.C.NaNoWriMooffersteensathirt

y-dayadventurearoundtheworld.,D.TeenInkisthefirstchoiceofteenswhoarekeenonwritingpoems.BManyparentsdreamoftheirchildrengrowi

ngupandseeingtheworld.ButEdithLemay,amotheroffourfromCanada,worriedherchildrenwererunningoutoftimetodothat.Whenherfirstchild,Mia,

waslittle,shenoticedshewouldbumpintothings.In2018,Miawasdiagnosedwithretinitispigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎).“Whatitdoesisthatth

ecellintheretinadiesovertimeandtheylosetheirfieldofvision.There’sachancetheywillgocompletelyblindbymidlife,”saidLema

y.Thediseaseisgenetic,meaningLemay’sotherkidswereatrisk.Shesoonnoticedtwoofhersons,CollinandLaurent,hadthesamesymptoms

.Theyweresoondiagnosed,too.“Ofcourseitwasdevastating(令人极为震惊的).Andwhenyouhaveakid,youalwayshaveanimageofwhattheirfutureisgoingtobelikeandall

ofasudden,yougetthatnewsandyouneedtoerasethatandthinkitover.Anditreallyisagrievingprocess,”Lemaysaid.Lemaywantedtoprepareherkidsforwhatwastocome

andthoughtaboutfillingtheirvisualmemory.InMarch,Lemay,herhusband,andherfourkidsleftCanadaandembarkedonanepicjourney,trave

lingtheglobeforawholeyear—showingtheirkidstheworld,beforeitistoolate.Duringtheirtrip,Lemayishomeschoolingherkids.Thefa

milyalsomadeabucketlistoffunactivitiestheywanttoaccomplish,soeachkidcanseetheirdreamscometrue.Lemaysa

idherkidsarenotonlymakingvisualmemories.They’realsolearningimportantlifelessons,likefocusingonthepositive.“Sometimesthey’r

etiredandthere’sfrustration.It’sdifficult.Butwiththetravel,Iwantthemtoberesilient.”“Iwantthemtoknowthatanysituati

onthat’shardistemporary,becausethroughtheirlife,they’llneedlotsofresilience,”shesaid.“They’regoingtoad

apttoasituationwiththeireyesightandtheninafewyearslater,they’llloseachunkoftheireyesightsandtheywillhavetoreadaptandadaptagainandfallandgetba

ckagain,”Lemaycontinued.Manyparentswanttogivetheirkidstheworldandthismomdid.24.Whatriskmaythechildrenfaceinthefuture?A.Theywi

llbumpintothings.B.Theywillbeunabletogrowup.C.Theymaygetgeneticdisorders.D.Theymaytotallylosetheirsight.25.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Lemaytried

toerasethedevastatingnews.B.Thetravelwasnoteasybuthelpedthekidsstaypositive.C.Theparentsfilledtheirkids’v

isualmemorythroughbooks.D.Thechildrendroppedoutofschoolandwereeducatedathome.26.Whichcanbestdescribe

Lemay?A.Affectionateandtough.B.Considerateandcommitted.C.Patientandgenerous.D.Sympatheticandsensitive.CWea

llknowthateatinglaterinthedayisn’tgoodforourwaistlines,butwhy?Anewstudyweighedinonthatquestionbycomparingpeoplewhoatethesamefoods

—butatdifferenttimesintheday.“Wefoundthateatingfourhourslatermakesasignificantdifferenceforourhungerlevels,thewayweburncaloriesafte

rweeat,andthewaywestorefat,”Vujovićsaid,aresearcheratBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospital.“Together,thesechan

gesmayexplainwhylateeatingisassociatedwithincreasedobesityriskreportedbyotherstudiesandprovidenewbiologicalinsi

ghtintotheunderlyingmechanisms.”Thestudyprovidessupportfortheconceptthatcircadian(生理节奏)rhythm,whichinfluenceskeyphysiologicfunctionssuch

asbodytemperatureandheartrate,affectshowourbodiesabsorbfuel,researcherssaid.Thestudydoesshoweatinglaterresultsin“anincrease

inhunger,impactshormones(荷尔蒙)andalsochangesgeneexpression,especiallyintermsoffatmetabolismwithatendencytowardslessfatbrea

kdownandmorefatdeposition,”saidDr.BhanuPrakashKolla,aprofessorofpsychiatryandpsychologyattheMayoClinicCollegeofMedicineandaconsultanttoMayo

’sCenterforSleepMedicineandDivisionofAddictionMedicine.Thestudywassmall—only16overweightorobesepeople—butcarefullyplannedtoeliminateotherpotentialc

ausesofweightgain,theauthorssaid.“Whiletherehavebeenotherstudiesinvestigatingwhylateeatingassociateswithanincreasedriskforo

besity,thismaybethemostwellcontrolled,includingstrictlycontrollingtheamount,compositionandtimingofmeals,physicalactivity,sleep,roomtemperatureandlig

htexposure,”saidseniorauthorFrankScheer,directoroftheMedicalChronobiologyProgramintheBrigham’sDivisionof

SleepandCircadianDisorders.Allparticipantswereingoodhealth,withnohistoryofdiabetesorshiftwork,whichcanaffectcircad

ianrhythm,andhadregularphysicalactivity.Eachpersoninthestudykepttoastricthealthysleep/wakescheduleforaboutthreeweeksandwereprov

idedwithpreparedmealsatfixedtimesforthreedaysbeforethelabexperimentbegan.Resultsshowedthathungerpangsdoubledforthoseonanig

ht-eatingregime.Peoplewhoatelaterinthedayalsoreportedadesireforstarchyandsaltyfoods,meatand,toalesserextent,adesirefordair

yfoodsandvegetables.Bylookingattheresultsofbloodtests,researcherswereabletoseewhy:Levelsofleptin,ahormonewhichtellsuswhenwefeel

full,weredecreasedforlateeatersversusearlyeaters.Incomparison,levelsofthehormoneghrelin,whichspikesourapp

etite,rose.27.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingmaycontributetotheobesityexcept_________.A.thebreakdownoflessfatB.th

echangesingeneexpressionC.theincreaseinthelevelsofleptinD.thedisturbanceofthecircadianrhythm28.InParagraph4,thewriterintendsto_________.A.

highlighttheresultsofthestudyB.illustratetheprocessofthestudyC.presentthepurposeofthestudyD.demonstratethereliabilityofthestudy29.Wha

tdoestheunderlinedword“spike”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Stimulate.B.Reduce.C.Maintain.D.Control.30Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Eating

lateaccountsforobesity.B.Obesitycanbewellcontrolledbyeatinglate.C.Whenyoueatisirrelevanttohowfatyouare.D.Eatinglatemayimpacttheexpressio

nfunction.DAutomation(自动化)wasahottopic.Nearlyeveryoneagreedthatpeoplewouldbeworkinglessoncecomputersandotherki

ndsofautomaticmachinerybecamewidespread.Foroptimists,thiswasapromiseofliberation:Atlasthumanitywouldbefreedfromco

nstanttoil,andwecouldalldevoteourdaystomorerefinedpursuits.Butotherssawathreat:Millionsofpeoplewouldbethrownoutofwork,an

ddesperatemasseswouldroamthestreets.Lookingbackfrom50yearshence,thecontroversyoverautomationseemsaquaintandcuriou

sepisode.Thedisputewasneverresolved.A.J.Hayes,aleader(andnorelationtome),wrotein1964:Automationisnotjustanewkindofme

chanizationbutarevolutionaryforcecapableofoverturningoursocialorder.Whereasmechanizationmadeworkersmoreefficient—andthu

smorevaluable—automationthreatenstomakethemsuperfluous(过剩的)—andthuswithoutvalue.TheopinionsIhavecitedhererepres

entextremepositions,andtherewerealsomanymilderviews.ButIthinkit’sfairtosaythatmostearlystudentsofautomation,inc

ludingbothcriticsandenthusiasts,believedthenewtechnologywouldleadusintoaworldwherepeopleworkedmuchless.Asforeconomicco

nsequences,worriesaboutunemploymenthavecertainlynotgoneaway—notwithjoblossesinthecurrentrecessionapproaching2millionworkersinourcountryalone.B

utrecentjoblossesarecommonlyattributedtocausesotherthanautomation,suchascompetitionfromoverseasoraroller-coasterfinanc

ialsystem.Inanycase,thevisionofaworldwheremachinesdoalltheworkandpeoplestandidlybyhassimplynotcometopass.Thespreadofautomationoutside

ofthefactoryhasaltereditssocialandeconomicimpactinsomecuriousways.Inmanycasestheneteffectofautomationisnot

thatmachinesaredoingworkthatpeopleusedtodo.Insteadwe’vedispensedwiththepeoplewhousedtobepaidtorunthemachines,andwe’velearnedtorunthemo

urselves.Thesetrendscontradictalmostalltheexpectationsofearlywritersonautomation,bothoptimistsandpessimists.Sofar,automationhas.,nei

therliberatedusfromtheneedtoworknordeprived(剥夺)usoftheopportunitytowork.Instead,we’reworkingmorethanever.Whatabouttradesclosertomyownvitalinteres

ts?Willsciencebeautomated?Technologyalreadyhasacentralroleinmanyareasofresearch;forexample,genomesequencescouldnotberead

bytraditionallab-benchmethods.Replacingthescientistwillpresumablybealittleharderthanreplacingthelabtechnician,butwhenamachineexhibi

tsenoughcuriosityandtenacity,Ithinkwe’lljusthavetowelcomeitasacompanioninzealousresearch.Andifthescientistiselbowedasidebyanautomaton,thensurel

ythesciencewritercan’tholdouteither.I’mreadyformy15-hourworkweek.31.InParagraph1,thewritermainlywantstoconveythat________.A.automationresultsi

nunemploymentB.automationdoesmoreharmthangoodC.theissueofautomationwasstillindiscussionD.automationbringsinmuchconv

enienceinlife32.AccordingtoJ.Hayes,wecaninfer_________A.automationismorevaluablethanwhatweimagineB.automationisarevolutionaryforcetobetter

developmentC.thedisadvantagesofautomationfaroutweightheadvantagesD.thenewtechnologywouldleadpeopleintoworkingmuchless33What’stheauthor’satt

itudetowardautomationonjobs?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Disapproving.D.Neutral.34.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Peo

pleneedn’tworksohardduetoautomation.B.Traditionallaborforcewillbereplacedinthenearfuture.C.Automationshouldbeacceptedreasonablyindevelopment.D.Auto

mationresultsinmorejoblossesinthewriter’scountry.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)Noteverydayisgoingtobegreat.Noteverydayisgoingtobeyourweddingday,graduatio

n,orbirthday.Wehaveourroutines;wegotoschoolandmeetalotofthesamepeople.Usuallylongperiodsoftimeinourlivesaredevotedtodoingaspecific

setofthings.Thestressoflifecandisconnectusfromoursurroundingsandmakeiteasiertolosetouchwithourneedandemotions.____35____Essenti

ally,casualmagicispracticingthehabitofseeingthebeautyinsmallmomentsofmundane(单调的)life.____36____Inastudythatinvestigatedwhatt

hisdoestoyourmood,282participantswereobservedonthepositiveeffectofsomethingtheydid.Researchersfoundthatbeingpresentandfocusingonpositivemomentsga

veahigherpositiveeffectandresultedinahigherlifesatisfaction..____37____Haveyoueverwalkedthroughapatchofforestors

eenthesunshineoverrooftopsandnoticedhowvibrantthecolorswere?Orhaveyoueverfeltabreezeonthesideofyourface?Youjus

tneedtolearnhowtotreasureandenjoythesemoments.Nowthisisnottosaythatlifeshouldn’tbenegativeandthatweshouldjustignorea

llthebadthingsthathappeninlife.____38____Suchemotionmaybeasignthatitistimetopropelchangeandgrowth.Negativethingsshouldbeconsideredtobeopportunitiesfo

rlearningandshouldnotbedwelledupon.Hence,Iurgeyoutotryit.____39____Appreciatesomethingsmall:thesunlightrestin

gonawindowcurtain,howgreentheleavesare,thehappinessoflaughingwithafriend,thetasteofanice-cream.Noteverydayisgoingtobethebestdayofyou

rlife;butitcanstillbespecial.A.However,casualmagicistheroadtohappiness.B.Topreventthis,applytheconceptofcasualmagic.C.Anadequateexampletopract

icecasualmagicisnature.D.Casualmagicinsteadallowsustolistentoandexamineanynegativefeeling.E.Putasideyourscreen,bepr

esentandgiveyourselfachancetofindthatspecialmoment.F.Weshouldlearnfromnegativethingsandmoveontoappreciatingmomentsofcasualmagic.G.Itiscenteredaroun

dcuriosityandfocusestheenergyonobservingandreflectingonthelittlethings.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12

分)阅读表达WhitesandbeachesoftheCocosIslands,whichareknownasagorgeoustouristdestinationsurroundedbygreeni

shbluewater,havenowbeenfilledwithplasticwastes.JenniferLavers,amarinescientist,wenttothesetropicalislandswithherresearchteam.Knowingth

atlotsofbeacheswerepollutedbyplasticwastes,theteamconductedacarefulscientificexaminationonthecoast,onlytofindtheproblemcausedbypiecesoftrashhumansl

eftwasworsethanexpected.Notallplasticsaretoblame.Theyarenecessaryinplaceslikehospitalsandairplanes,andma

keourvehicleslighterandmoreefficient.However,otherplastics,especiallydisposable(一次性的)plastics,accountforthegrowingmessont

hebeaches.Islandsallovertheworldarejammedwithplastics.AndtheCocosIslandsarenoexception.Apparently,demandfordisposableplasti

csmustbereducedgreatly.“Whydon’twecarryaroundbagsthatwecanuseoverandoveragain?”askedRichardGross,achemistwhoresearc

hesinnovativewaystomakemoresustainableplastics.“Let’scarryaroundreusablelunchboxes.Weshouldunderstandhowseriou

sthesituationis.”Althoughitisimportantforindividualstomakeanefforttoavoidusingdisposableplastics,itisalsogenerallybelievedthatonlywithinte

rnationalrulescansuchadeep-rooted,common,andworldwidescourge(灾害)betackled.However,theU.N.,whichengagesindealingwithacceleratingclimatecha

ngeandpublichealthcrises,obviouslyisn’tpayingenoughattentiontocallingforinternationalactiononplasticpollution.Asaresult,billionsofplas

ticproductswillstillbeproducedeveryyear,manyofwhichwillendupintheocean.Itrequiresthegreatesteffortofalltimetocontrol

plasticpollutioninmodernsociety.Nomatterhowtallthehurdles(栏架)are,somethinghastobedone.40.WhatdidJenniferLaversandherresearchteamfind?

_________________________________________________________________41.Whatkindsofplasticsleadtotheincreasingwastesonthebeaches?_

________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,

thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Individualeffortsandinternationalrulesarebothrequiredtotackletheplasticpollution,andtheU.

N.paysmuchattentiontocallingforinternationalaction._________________________________________________________________43.Asastudent,whatwi

llyoudotoreducewhitepollution?_________________________________________________________________第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim来邮件询问你的居家学

习和生活情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.充实的学习活动2.丰富的课余生活注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,___________________________________________________________________

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