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大兴区2022~2023学年度第一学期期末检测试卷高三英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnaSaturday

afternoon,youfindmostkidsoutsideplayinggames.Kidsaremadeforthe___1___,withtheirendlessenergyandtheeasywayinwhicht

heymakefriends.It’snot___2___forKameron,anordinary,fun-loving7-year-oldgirlwholovestodrawouttheworld’slongesthopscotch(跳格子)onthesid

ewalk.Butinbetween___3___,Kamerontakestimetodosomethingspecialforher___4___neighborswhosechildrenhavelongsincelefthome.Kameronfirststartedwav

ingtothem.Mostofthemsmiledback.ThenKamerondecidedthatsomeofthemneededalittle___5___.Sosheranhome,tookhe

rviolinandmadetherounds.“CanIplayyouasong?”sheasked,afterknockingonthedoor.Gustavsmiledwide.HiswifeVivian,whohashadmusculardystrophy(

肌肉萎缩)forover20years,stood___6___,andhaddifficultymovingabout.Itlookedterriblyuncomfortable.They’ve__

_7___theirdailywalkswithafternoondrives,buteventhosearegettingtoodifficultforVivian.GustavletKameronin,andVivian___8___botharmsofherch

airandpulledtoit.OnthetablebesideherwasaphotoofherwithGustavwhentheywereyoungandenergetic.“Wantmetoplayyourfavoritesong?”Kamero

nasked.“Ofcourse,”Gustavanswered.ItwastheonlysongKameronknew.Thesmallviolin___9___seriouslyunderKameron’schin(下巴).Sheplayedasbestas

shecould.VivianbeatherlegtokeeprhythmforKameron.GustavheldVivian’sotherhand.Itwasnottheperformancethatwasmoving,butthe____10____itbrought.1.A

.lessonsB.outdoorsC.classroomsD.experiences2.A.easyB.normalC.differentD.necessary3.A.gamesB.examsC.destinationsD.conversati

ons4.A.youngB.proudC.elderlyD.lovely5.A.pressureB.emotionC.ambitionD.pleasure6.A.honestlyB.awkwardlyC.gratefullyD.determinedly7.A.replac

edB.linkedC.repliedD.combined8.A.tookcareofB.tookchargeofC.tookoutofD.tookholdof9.A.rockedB.restedC.jumpedD.wandered10

.A.stylesB.profitsC.memoriesD.adventures第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式

填空。Twodecades____11____(pass)sincenewspaperslaunchedwebsites,andyethereweare.Bigpapershavegoneunder,thousandsofjournalistshavelost____12____(th

ey)jobs,andtheideathatdigitalnewswilleventuallybecomeadecentbusiness____13____(feel)likearumor(谣言).Therealityisthis:nosocialnetworkh

ascomeclosetomatchingthesuccessofprintreadership.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。WhileLobbyBoytakesits

namefromacharacterinthefilm,thebanddoesn’twanttobeknownasanythingreductive.Butoneofthefilm’sideasthateveryonein

yourlifehastheincrediblepowertotelltheirownstoryis____14____(amaze).“Inmypersonallife,ItrytorememberthatevenifI’mstrugglingorh

avingaconflict____15____someone,nomatterwhattheinteractionis,nomatterhowsmallorlargeitis,thisisastory____16____isunfoldinginfrontofme,”he

says.C阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。After15yearsofworkingtoraiseclimateurgencyI’veconc

luded____17____thepublicandworldleadersunderestimatehowrapid,seriousclimateandecologicalbreakdownwillbeifhumanityfails____18____(organize).

Theremayonlybefiveyears____19____(leave)beforehumanityexpendstheremaining“carbonbudget”tostayunder1.5℃of____

20____(globe)heating.AndtheremayonlybefiveyearsbeforetheAmazonrainforestandalargeAntarcticicesheetpassirreversiblepoints.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共

14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在,答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt’sexcitingwhenyourbookwormteenannounceshisorherplanstobeawriter.Ratherthanbomba

rdthemwithfancypensandmotivationalreadingdirectthemtoacomfortzone:theInternet.Thesesitesaregreatresourcesandlandingspotsforfuturestoryte

llers.FigmentSpeciallytailoredfortheteenreader/writer,Figmentisacommunitydedicatedtoreadingandwritingstoriesonline.Addictivelyfun,userscanrat

estoriesbywhethertheymadethemlaugh,blush,cry,orjustsay“wow.”Thesitefrequentlyrunscontestsandfeaturesworkfromwell-knownaut

horsandeditorswhosometimesdropinforFigmentchatswiththesite’scommunity.WattpadItisthelargestonlinereadingplatf

orm,andallowsauthorstosharetheirworkwiththeworld.Well-knownwriterssuchasMargaretAtwoodandCoryDoctoro

wevenposttheirworkhere.Teenscanfindandfollowtheirfavoriteauthorsandreleasetheirownworksasserialnovels.TeenInkSupportedbythenonprof

itYoungAuthorsFoundation,TeenInkisthetwenty-five-yearveteraninthefostering-teen-writersgame.Themagazine,bookseries

,andwebsitearedevotedentirelytowriting,art,andphotosbyteens.It’salsoago-toforteensinterestedinwritingandpublishingnonfictionessaysandarticlesa

swellaspoetry.OneTeenStoryDirectkidsheretointroducethemtothenonprofit’smonthlymagazine.Eachissuefeaturesoneshortstoryabouttheteenexperience,usual

lyfromaknownyoungadultauthor.Teensdrawntotheshortstoryformcanalsosubmittheirworkforconsiderationinanannualissuethatfeaturesastorywrittenby

ateenforteens.NaNoWriMoNaNoWriMoisanawesomethirty-dayadventureforanywriter,butteensmightbeespeciallyinclinedtojoin.InNovember,would-benov

elistsovertheworldattempttowritea50,000-word(ormore)bookinthirtydays.21.Thepassageisintendedfor_________.A.teachersB.teensC.parentsD.writers22.Whic

hsitesmayprovidethechancetointeractwithrecognizedwriters?A.FigmentandWattpad.B.FigmentandTeenInk.C.T

eenInkandNaNoWriMo.D.WattpadandOneTeenStory.23.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.OneTeenStoryisanonprofit’sannualmagazine.B.Fig

mentregularlyfeaturesyoungadultwriters’works.C.NaNoWriMooffersteensathirty-dayadventurearoundtheworld.,D.TeenInkisthefirstchoice

ofteenswhoarekeenonwritingpoems.BManyparentsdreamoftheirchildrengrowingupandseeingtheworld.ButEdithLemay

,amotheroffourfromCanada,worriedherchildrenwererunningoutoftimetodothat.Whenherfirstchild,Mia,waslittle,sh

enoticedshewouldbumpintothings.In2018,Miawasdiagnosedwithretinitispigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎).“Whatitdoesisthatthec

ellintheretinadiesovertimeandtheylosetheirfieldofvision.There’sachancetheywillgocompletelyblindbymidlife,”saidLemay.

Thediseaseisgenetic,meaningLemay’sotherkidswereatrisk.Shesoonnoticedtwoofhersons,CollinandLaurent,hadthesamesymptoms.Theywereso

ondiagnosed,too.“Ofcourseitwasdevastating(令人极为震惊的).Andwhenyouhaveakid,youalwayshaveanimageofwhattheirfutureisgoingtobelikeandallo

fasudden,yougetthatnewsandyouneedtoerasethatandthinkitover.Anditreallyisagrievingprocess,”Lemaysaid.Lem

aywantedtoprepareherkidsforwhatwastocomeandthoughtaboutfillingtheirvisualmemory.InMarch,Lemay,herhusband,andherfourkidsleftCanadaandembarked

onanepicjourney,travelingtheglobeforawholeyear—showingtheirkidstheworld,beforeitistoolate.Duringtheirtrip,Lemayishomesch

oolingherkids.Thefamilyalsomadeabucketlistoffunactivitiestheywanttoaccomplish,soeachkidcanseetheirdreamscometrue.Lemaysaidherkidsarenotonlymaking

visualmemories.They’realsolearningimportantlifelessons,likefocusingonthepositive.“Sometimesthey’reti

redandthere’sfrustration.It’sdifficult.Butwiththetravel,Iwantthemtoberesilient.”“Iwantthemtoknowthat

anysituationthat’shardistemporary,becausethroughtheirlife,they’llneedlotsofresilience,”shesaid.“They’regoin

gtoadapttoasituationwiththeireyesightandtheninafewyearslater,they’llloseachunkoftheireyesightsandtheywillhavetoreadaptandada

ptagainandfallandgetbackagain,”Lemaycontinued.Manyparentswanttogivetheirkidstheworldandthismomdid.24.Whatriskmaythechildren

faceinthefuture?A.Theywillbumpintothings.B.Theywillbeunabletogrowup.C.Theymaygetgeneticdisorders.D.Theymaytotallylosetheir

sight.25.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Lemaytriedtoerasethedevastatingnews.B.Thetravelwasnoteasybuthelpedthekidsstayposi

tive.C.Theparentsfilledtheirkids’visualmemorythroughbooks.D.Thechildrendroppedoutofschoolandwereeducatedathome.26.Whichcanbestde

scribeLemay?A.Affectionateandtough.B.Considerateandcommitted.C.Patientandgenerous.D.Sympatheticandsensitive.CWeallkn

owthateatinglaterinthedayisn’tgoodforourwaistlines,butwhy?Anewstudyweighedinonthatquestionbycomparingpeoplewhoatethesamefoods—butatdiff

erenttimesintheday.“Wefoundthateatingfourhourslatermakesasignificantdifferenceforourhungerlevels,thewayweburncaloriesafterweeat,andthewaywestorefa

t,”Vujovićsaid,aresearcheratBoston’sBrighamandWomen’sHospital.“Together,thesechangesmayexplainwhylateeatingisassociatedwithincreasedobesity

riskreportedbyotherstudiesandprovidenewbiologicalinsightintotheunderlyingmechanisms.”Thestudyprovidessupportforthecon

ceptthatcircadian(生理节奏)rhythm,whichinfluenceskeyphysiologicfunctionssuchasbodytemperatureandheartrate,

affectshowourbodiesabsorbfuel,researcherssaid.Thestudydoesshoweatinglaterresultsin“anincreaseinhunger,impactshormones(荷尔蒙)andalsochangesgeneex

pression,especiallyintermsoffatmetabolismwithatendencytowardslessfatbreakdownandmorefatdeposition,”saidDr.BhanuPra

kashKolla,aprofessorofpsychiatryandpsychologyattheMayoClinicCollegeofMedicineandaconsultanttoMayo’sCenterforS

leepMedicineandDivisionofAddictionMedicine.Thestudywassmall—only16overweightorobesepeople—butcarefullyplannedtoeliminateotherpotentialcausesofwe

ightgain,theauthorssaid.“Whiletherehavebeenotherstudiesinvestigatingwhylateeatingassociateswithaninc

reasedriskforobesity,thismaybethemostwellcontrolled,includingstrictlycontrollingtheamount,compositionand

timingofmeals,physicalactivity,sleep,roomtemperatureandlightexposure,”saidseniorauthorFrankScheer,directoroftheMedicalChron

obiologyProgramintheBrigham’sDivisionofSleepandCircadianDisorders.Allparticipantswereingoodhealth,withnohistoryofdiabetesorshiftwork,whichcanaffec

tcircadianrhythm,andhadregularphysicalactivity.Eachpersoninthestudykepttoastricthealthysleep/wakescheduleforaboutthreeweeksandwereprovidedwi

thpreparedmealsatfixedtimesforthreedaysbeforethelabexperimentbegan.Resultsshowedthathungerpangsdoubledforthoseonanight-eatingr

egime.Peoplewhoatelaterinthedayalsoreportedadesireforstarchyandsaltyfoods,meatand,toalesserextent,adesir

efordairyfoodsandvegetables.Bylookingattheresultsofbloodtests,researcherswereabletoseewhy:Levelsofleptin,ahormonewhichtellsuswhenwefeel

full,weredecreasedforlateeatersversusearlyeaters.Incomparison,levelsofthehormoneghrelin,whichspikesourappet

ite,rose.27.Accordingtothepassage,thefollowingmaycontributetotheobesityexcept_________.A.thebreakdown

oflessfatB.thechangesingeneexpressionC.theincreaseinthelevelsofleptinD.thedisturbanceofthecircadianrhythm28.I

nParagraph4,thewriterintendsto_________.A.highlighttheresultsofthestudyB.illustratetheprocessofthestudyC.presentthepurposeofthestudyD

.demonstratethereliabilityofthestudy29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spike”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Stimulate.B.Reduce.C.Maintain.D.Contro

l.30Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Eatinglateaccountsforobesity.B.Obesitycanbewellcontrolledbyeatinglate.C.Whenyoueatisirrelevanttohowfa

tyouare.D.Eatinglatemayimpacttheexpressionfunction.DAutomation(自动化)wasahottopic.Nearlyeveryoneagreedthatpeoplewouldbeworkinglessoncecomputersandother

kindsofautomaticmachinerybecamewidespread.Foroptimists,thiswasapromiseofliberation:Atlasthumanitywouldbefreedfromconstanttoil,andwecouldalldevote

ourdaystomorerefinedpursuits.Butotherssawathreat:Millionsofpeoplewouldbethrownoutofwork,anddesperatemasseswouldroamthestreets.Lookingbackfrom50ye

arshence,thecontroversyoverautomationseemsaquaintandcuriousepisode.Thedisputewasneverresolved.A.J.Hayes,aleader(andnor

elationtome),wrotein1964:Automationisnotjustanewkindofmechanizationbutarevolutionaryforcecapableofoverturningoursocialorder.Whereasmechanizatio

nmadeworkersmoreefficient—andthusmorevaluable—automationthreatenstomakethemsuperfluous(过剩的)—andthuswithoutvalue.TheopinionsIhavecitedhererepresent

extremepositions,andtherewerealsomanymilderviews.ButIthinkit’sfairtosaythatmostearlystudentsofautomation,includingbothcriticsand

enthusiasts,believedthenewtechnologywouldleadusintoaworldwherepeopleworkedmuchless.Asforeconomicconsequences,

worriesaboutunemploymenthavecertainlynotgoneaway—notwithjoblossesinthecurrentrecessionapproaching2millionworkersinourcountr

yalone.Butrecentjoblossesarecommonlyattributedtocausesotherthanautomation,suchascompetitionfromoverseaso

raroller-coasterfinancialsystem.Inanycase,thevisionofaworldwheremachinesdoalltheworkandpeoplestandidlybyhassimplynotcometopass.Thespreadofautomationo

utsideofthefactoryhasaltereditssocialandeconomicimpactinsomecuriousways.Inmanycasestheneteffectofautomationisnotthatmachinesaredo

ingworkthatpeopleusedtodo.Insteadwe’vedispensedwiththepeoplewhousedtobepaidtorunthemachines,andwe’velearnedtorunthemourselves.Thesetrendscontradic

talmostalltheexpectationsofearlywritersonautomation,bothoptimistsandpessimists.Sofar,automationhas.,neitherl

iberatedusfromtheneedtoworknordeprived(剥夺)usoftheopportunitytowork.Instead,we’reworkingmorethanever.What

abouttradesclosertomyownvitalinterests?Willsciencebeautomated?Technologyalreadyhasacentralroleinmany

areasofresearch;forexample,genomesequencescouldnotbereadbytraditionallab-benchmethods.Replacingthescientistwillpresumablybealittleha

rderthanreplacingthelabtechnician,butwhenamachineexhibitsenoughcuriosityandtenacity,Ithinkwe’lljusthavetowelcomeitasacompa

nioninzealousresearch.Andifthescientistiselbowedasidebyanautomaton,thensurelythesciencewritercan’tholdouteither.I’mreadyformy15-hourwor

kweek.31.InParagraph1,thewritermainlywantstoconveythat________.A.automationresultsinunemploymentB.automationdoesmoreharmthang

oodC.theissueofautomationwasstillindiscussionD.automationbringsinmuchconvenienceinlife32.AccordingtoJ.Hayes,wecaninfer_________A.automation

ismorevaluablethanwhatweimagineB.automationisarevolutionaryforcetobetterdevelopmentC.thedisadvantagesofautomationfaroutweightheadvantagesD.thene

wtechnologywouldleadpeopleintoworkingmuchless33What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardautomationonjobs?A.Doubtful.B.Supportive.C.Disap

proving.D.Neutral.34.Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A.Peopleneedn’tworksohardduetoautomation.B.Traditionallaborforcewillbereplacedinthenearfuture.

C.Automationshouldbeacceptedreasonablyindevelopment.D.Automationresultsinmorejoblossesinthewriter’scountry.第二节(共5小题;

每小题2分，共10分)Noteverydayisgoingtobegreat.Noteverydayisgoingtobeyourweddingday,graduation,orbirthday.We

haveourroutines;wegotoschoolandmeetalotofthesamepeople.Usuallylongperiodsoftimeinourlivesaredevotedtodoingaspecificsetofthings.Thestressoflifeca

ndisconnectusfromoursurroundingsandmakeiteasiertolosetouchwithourneedandemotions.____35____Essentially,casualmagic

ispracticingthehabitofseeingthebeautyinsmallmomentsofmundane(单调的)life.____36____Inastudythatinvestigatedwhatthisdoestoyo

urmood,282participantswereobservedonthepositiveeffectofsomethingtheydid.Researchersfoundthatbeingpresentandfocusingonpositivemom

entsgaveahigherpositiveeffectandresultedinahigherlifesatisfaction..____37____Haveyoueverwalkedthroughapatchofforestorseenthesunshineoverr

ooftopsandnoticedhowvibrantthecolorswere?Orhaveyoueverfeltabreezeonthesideofyourface?Youjustneedtolearnhowtotreasureandenjoythesemoments.Nowthi

sisnottosaythatlifeshouldn’tbenegativeandthatweshouldjustignoreallthebadthingsthathappeninlife.____38____Suche

motionmaybeasignthatitistimetopropelchangeandgrowth.Negativethingsshouldbeconsideredtobeopportunitiesforlearningandshouldnotbedwelledupon.Hence,

Iurgeyoutotryit.____39____Appreciatesomethingsmall:thesunlightrestingonawindowcurtain,howgreentheleavesare,thehap

pinessoflaughingwithafriend,thetasteofanice-cream.Noteverydayisgoingtobethebestdayofyourlife;butitcanstillbespecial.A.However,casualmag

icistheroadtohappiness.B.Topreventthis,applytheconceptofcasualmagic.C.Anadequateexampletopracticecasualm

agicisnature.D.Casualmagicinsteadallowsustolistentoandexamineanynegativefeeling.E.Putasideyourscreen,bepr

esentandgiveyourselfachancetofindthatspecialmoment.F.Weshouldlearnfromnegativethingsandmoveontoappreciatingmomentsofcasualm

agic.G.Itiscenteredaroundcuriosityandfocusestheenergyonobservingandreflectingonthelittlethings.第三部分书面表达(

共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读表达WhitesandbeachesoftheCocosIslands,whichareknownasagorgeoustouristdestinations

urroundedbygreenishbluewater,havenowbeenfilledwithplasticwastes.JenniferLavers,amarinescientist,wenttoth

esetropicalislandswithherresearchteam.Knowingthatlotsofbeacheswerepollutedbyplasticwastes,theteamconduc

tedacarefulscientificexaminationonthecoast,onlytofindtheproblemcausedbypiecesoftrashhumansleftwasworsethanexpected.Notallplasticsaretoblame.T

heyarenecessaryinplaceslikehospitalsandairplanes,andmakeourvehicleslighterandmoreefficient.However,otherplastics,especiallydisposable(一次性的)p

lastics,accountforthegrowingmessonthebeaches.Islandsallovertheworldarejammedwithplastics.AndtheCocosIslandsa

renoexception.Apparently,demandfordisposableplasticsmustbereducedgreatly.“Whydon’twecarryaroundbagsthatwecan

useoverandoveragain?”askedRichardGross,achemistwhoresearchesinnovativewaystomakemoresustainableplast

ics.“Let’scarryaroundreusablelunchboxes.Weshouldunderstandhowseriousthesituationis.”Althoughitisimportantforin

dividualstomakeanefforttoavoidusingdisposableplastics,itisalsogenerallybelievedthatonlywithinternationalrulescans

uchadeep-rooted,common,andworldwidescourge(灾害)betackled.However,theU.N.,whichengagesindealingwithaccelera

tingclimatechangeandpublichealthcrises,obviouslyisn’tpayingenoughattentiontocallingforinternationalactiononplasticpollution

.Asaresult,billionsofplasticproductswillstillbeproducedeveryyear,manyofwhichwillendupintheocean.Itrequiresthegreatesteffortofall

timetocontrolplasticpollutioninmodernsociety.Nomatterhowtallthehurdles(栏架)are,somethinghastobedone.40.WhatdidJenniferLaversandherresearchteamfi

nd?_________________________________________________________________41.Whatkindsofplasticsleadtotheincreasing

wastesonthebeaches?_________________________________________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollow

ingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Individualeffortsandinternationalrulesarebothrequiredtotackletheplasticpollution,andtheU

.N.paysmuchattentiontocallingforinternationalaction._________________________________________________________________43.Asastude

nt,whatwillyoudotoreducewhitepollution?_____________________________________________________________

____第二节(20分)44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim来邮件询问你的居家学习和生活情况。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：1.充实的学习活动2.丰富的课余生活注意：1.词数100左右;2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,__________

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