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2019-2020学年度第一学期高一自招班期末考试英语试题第一部分:听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)请听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。1.Howdidthewomanget
toworkyesterday?A.Onfoot.B.Bycar.C.Bybus2.Whatisthewomantalkingabout?A.Herbackinjury.B.Herdancingcareer.C.Herreasonsforretirement.3.Wh
atwillthemandonext?A.Makeacall.B.Attendameeting.C.Printareport.4.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Tobookaroom.B.Tomakeacomplai
nt.C.Toaskforhelp.5.Wherecanthewomangetthethreedaysubwaypass?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromthemachine.C.Fromthenewsp
aperstand.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)请听下面5段对话或独白,选出最佳选项。请听6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whenisthetrainsupposedtocome?A.At7:30.B.At8:00.C.A
t8:45.7.Howdoesthewomanthinkthetrainhaschanged?A.Itscleaner.B.Itsquicker.C.Itsmorepunctual.请听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.Wherecanthemanfindwhathew
ants?A.Inthecabinet.B.Intherefrigerator.C.Inthesupplycloset.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonext?A.Boilthewater.B.Buysomesugar.C.Goto
thecoffeeshop.请听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whatwillthewomanprobablywatchtonight?A.Afilm.B.Amusicprogram.C.Asportsev
ent.11.HowdoesthewomanfeelaboutthesportsprogramsonTV?A.Shestiredofthem.B.Shesinterestedinthem.C.Shesdisappointedaboutt
hem.12.WhatdoesthewomanpromisetodonextSaturdaymorning?A.Cheerfortheman.B.Gorunningwiththeman.C.Helpthemandohomework.请听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Whatdidthemanprobablydobeforebecomingaphotographer?A.Awriter.B.Aneditor.C.Adoctor.14.Whydidthemandecidetobeawildlifephotographer?A.To
provideenoughphotosformagazines.B.Tohelpexpertsidentifyendangeredwildlife.C.Todrawpeople’sattentiontowildlifeprotection.15.Wh
atterrifiedthemanmost?A.Thelightningflashes.B.Theheightofthetower.C.Thedangerousanimals.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestnewwildlifephotographersdo?A.Consu
lteditorsfirst.B.Getclosetowildlife.C.Writearticlesfortheirphotos.请听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whendidthespe
akerfirstgoskydiving?A.InMarch.B.InMayC.InDecember.18.Whatdidthespeakerdofirstattheskydivingclub?A.Hesignedsomeforms.B.Hewatchedavideo.C.He
hadapresentation.19.Whatdidthespeakerfindspecialbeforejumpingoutoftheplane?A.Thegreenfields.B.Theblu
ehouse.C.Thesilverriver.20.Whatpresentdidthespeakernoticeinthebaglast?A.Aphoto.B.AT-shirt.C.Acertificate.第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读
下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。AResilient:HowtoGrowanUnshakableCoreofCalm,Strength,andHappiness,byRickHansonandForrestHansonPsychologistRi
ckHansonbelievesthatresilience(适应力)comesfromdevelopingpositiveinnerstrength.Resilient(co-authoredwithhisson,ForrestHanson)exploresado
zenofthesestrengths,fromgratitude(感恩)tocalmtogenerosity.BasedonRickHansonsstories,yougetthesensethathehasappliedthesetechniquestooverc
omethewoundsofhispast,andwantstohelpreadersdothesame.Thisbookoffersnotjustaseriesoftips,butalsoaframeworkforlearningandgrowththatcanbeappliedtomanyth
ingswewanttoimprove.When:TheScientificSecretsofPerfectTiming,byDanielPinkResearchshowsthatweallhavepeak(
巅峰状态的)momentsduringthedaywhenweareatourbest,andPinkwarnsustosavetasksrequiringconcentrationforthosetimesoftheday.Unders
tandinghowtimingworkscansaveuscountlesshoursoflowproductivity.Pinksbookprovideslotsofadviceonwhenitsbesttododiffe
rentactivities.TheDeepestWell:HealingtheLong-TermEffectsofChildhoodAdversity,byNadineBurkeHarrisWhenDr.H
arrissetuptheBayviewChildHealthCenterin2007,sheimmediatelynoticedanassociationbetweentraumatic(痛苦的)experiencesandhealthoutcome
sinthechildrenshetreated.Childhoodtraumaleadstomorephysicalandmentalillnessinadulthood.Harrissbookcombinesahugeamountofexpe
rienceandresearchintoaninterestingstoryaboutthelastingconsequenceofchildhoodtrauma—andhowwemightovercomeit.RageBecomesHer:
ThePowerofWomen’sAnger,bySorayaChemalyAngerisanemotionassociatedwithpowerandstrength.Butwomenaren’talwayscomfortableexpres
singit,inpartbecausetheirangerisoftenmisunderstood.Chemaly’sbookprovidestipsforchannelingangerinconstructiveways,includingacceptin
gyouranger,developingbodyconfidence,beingbrave,andowningyourpower.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheauthorRickHans
on?A.HeisForrestHanson’sson.B.Hesufferedalotinhispastlife.C.Hisopinioncamefromresearch.D.Hisbookfocusesonwomenreaders.2.Whosebookcangivey
ouadviceonhowtoimproveyourworkefficiency?A.DanielPink’s.B.RickHanson’s.C.SorayaChemaly’s.D.NadineBurkeHarris’s.3.Whichbookcanhelp
solveproblemscausedbypainfulchildhoodexperiences?A.When.B.Resilient.C.TheDeepestWell.D.RageBecomesHer.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况,四本书分
别是Resilient:HowtoGrowanUnshakableCoreofCalm,When:TheScientificSecretsofPerfectTiming,TheDeepestWell:HealingtheLong-TermEffectso
fChildhoodAdversity以及RageBecomesHer:ThePowerofWomen’sAnger。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的BasedonRickHansonsstories,you
getthesensethathehasappliedthesetechniquestoovercomethewoundsofhispast,andwantstohelpreadersdothesame.可知,根据RickHanson的故事,你可以
感觉到他运用了这些技巧来克服过去的伤痛,并且想要帮助读者做同样的事情。由此可知,作者RickHanson在过去的生活中受了很多苦。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据When:TheScientificSecretsofPerfectTiming,byDanielPink部分
中的Understandinghowtimingworkscansaveuscountlesshoursoflowproductivity.Pinksbookprovideslotsofadviceonwhenitsbesttododifferentactivities.可知,了解时间是如何起作
用的,可以为我们节省数不清的低效率时间。关于什么时候做不同的活动最好,Pink的书提供了很多建议。由此可知,DanielPink的书能够给你关于如何提高工作效率的建议。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据TheDeepestWell:HealingtheLong-TermEf
fectsofChildhoodAdversity,byNadineBurkeHarris部分中的Harrissbookcombinesahugeamountofexperienceandresearchintoaninterestingstoryabou
tthelastingconsequenceofchildhoodtrauma—andhowwemightovercomeit.可知,Harris的书结合了大量的经验和研究,讲述了一个有趣的故事,关于童年创伤的持久后果——以及我们如何克服它
。由此可知,TheDeepestWell可以帮助解决由痛苦的童年经历引起的问题。故选C。BWhenbicycle-sharingcompanyoBikepulledoutofSingaporeabruptlylastyear,itleftthecitywithunat
tendedbicycleseverywhere.MyanmarbusinessmanMikeThanTunWinsawtheperfectopportunitytoturntrash(垃圾)intotreasure.“Whatifthesebi
cyclescouldbedistributedtopoorstudentsinvillagessotheycancycletoschool?”hethought.MrThan,33,grewupinManda
lay,whereheusedtowalktoschoolasastudent.Whiletravelingthroughrural(乡村的)areasinMyanmaroverthelastfewyearshesawthingshadnotchanged.Longlinesofc
hildreninruralvillagescontinuetowalk30minutestoanhourjusttogettoschool.“Ithoughtifwecouldjustreducethetimetheytake,theycouldspend
moretimestudying,gainmoreknowledgeandincreasetheirchancesofgettingoutofpoverty(贫困),”hesaid.Withthat,hestartedamovemen
tcalledLesswalkwiththeintentionofbuyingbicyclesfrombike-sharingfirmsoBikeandofo-whichhavestoppedoperationsinSingapore—andshippingthemtoYangon.
HewouldrenewthebicyclesbeforedistributingthemtoteenagersandfamilieslivinginruralvillagesinMyanmar,beginningwithvillagesinMandalayandSagaingareas
.Overthelastthreemonths,thebusinessmanhasbought10,000bicyclesinSingaporeandMalaysia.Hepaidfor5,000ofthebicyclesoutofhisownpocket,withothersponsors
payingfortherest.MrThanplanstomodify(修改)thebicyclessothattheycanbettersuittheneedsofthechildreninvilla
ges,mostofthetimetheyridearoundwiththeirlittlebrothersandsisters.I’mplanningtoaddanextraseatatthebacksothattheycang
otoschooltogether,”hesaid.Healsoplanstoremovethedigitallocksandgiveeachanewonethatworksbetterinvillages.
Includingthecostofshipping,modificationanddistribution,MrThanthinkseachbicyclemightcosthimaroundUS$35toUS$40.“Imighthavetospendmoremoney
,butitisbetterthatthesebicyclesaregoingtohelpsomepeopleratherthangoingtowaste,”hesaid.4.What'stheauthor’smain
purposeofwritingthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.ToshowMyanmar’shardrurallife.B.Toexplainhowtoturntrashintotreasure.C.TocallonmorepeopletofollowMrThan.D.To
statethebackgroundofstartingLesswalk.5.HowdoesMrThanplantoadaptthebicycles?A.Bypaintingtheminacolorfulway.B.Byaddingabrightlighttoeac
hofthem.C.Byaddingtwoextraseatstoeachofthem.D.Bychangingthedigitallocksintonewones.6.WhatcanweinferfromMrThan’
swordsinthelastparagraph?A.Hehasahighopinionofhimself.B.Hefeelsregretaboutwhathehasdone.C.Heisamanwithstrongsocialresponsibility.D.Hehasdecidedto
keeponworkingwithoBike.7.What'sthebesttitleforthetext?A.MoreunattendedbicyclesareattractingbigattentionB.Bicycle-shar
ingcompaniesareforcedtoleaveSingaporeC.RuralvillagesinMyanmararesponsoredoutofpovertyD.Businessmandonatesrecycledbicyclestopoorstudents【答案】4
.D5.D6.C7.D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了33岁的Than先生为了减少学生在路上花费的时间,而发起了一项名为Lesswalk的运动,他自费从自行车共享公司oBike和ofo购买自行车,然后分发给生活在缅甸农村的青少
年和家庭。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中Longlinesofchildreninruralvillagescontinuetowalk30minutestoanhourjusttogettoschoo
l.“Ithoughtifwecouldjustreducethetimetheytake,theycouldspendmoretimestudying,gainmoreknowledgeandincreasetheirchancesofgettingoutofpoverty,”hesaid.
可知,在农村,孩子们仍然排着长队,步行30分钟到一个小时才能到学校。他说:“我想,如果我们能减少他们路上花费的时间,他们就能花更多的时间学习,获得更多的知识,增加摆脱贫困的机会。”以及第三段第一句Withthat
,hestartedamovementcalledLesswalk可知,于是,他发起了一场名为“Lesswalk”的运动。由此可推知,作者写前两段的主要目的是陈述开始Lesswalk运动的背景。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Healsop
lanstoremovethedigitallocksandgiveeachanewonethatworksbetterinvillages.可知,他还计划拆除数字锁,并给每个人一个新锁,在农村更好的工作。由此可知,Than先生打算把数字锁换成新的,来改造这
些自行车。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Imighthavetospendmoremoney,butitisbetterthatthesebicyclesaregoingtohelpsomepeopleratherthangoingtowaste
,”hesaid.可知他说:“我可能要花更多的钱,但这些自行车最好是帮助一些人,而不是浪费。”由此,我们能从Than先生最后一段的话中推断出,他是一个有强烈社会责任感的人。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中Withthat,hestarteda
movementcalledLesswalkwiththeintentionofbuyingbicyclesfrombike-sharingfirmsoBikeandofo-whichhavestopp
edoperationsinSingapore-andshippingthemtoYangon.可知,于是,他发起了一场名为Lesswalk的运动,打算从自行车共享公司oBike和ofo购买自行车,这两家公司
已经停止在新加坡的运营,并将自行车运往仰光。结合文章主要内容为记叙了33岁的Than先生为了减少学生在路上花费的时间,而发起了一项名为Lesswalk的运动,他自费从自行车共享公司oBike和ofo购买自行车,然后分发给生活在缅甸农村的青少年和家庭。故D选项“商人向贫困学生捐赠回
收自行车”符合文章标题。故选D。CAmazonisopeningits12thhigh-techconveniencestoreTuesdayinNewYork.Thespotwillbethefirstofthechaintoallowcustomerstopay
withcash.Themovecomeswithgrowingresistanceagainstcashlessstores,whichcriticssayrefusetoservepeoplewhodon’thavebankaccounts
.Atotherlocationsofthestore,shoppersenterbyscanningtheAmazonGoapp.That'sstillthecaseforcustomerspayingwithacreditcard,bu
tpeoplepayingwithcashwillhavean“entryassociate”scanthemthroughtheturnstiles(旋转栅门).Oncethey’refinished,thoseshopperswillcheckoutwithanAmazonGoe
mployeeandreceiveapaperreceipt.CashlesscustomerscanstillwalkoutbyscanningaphonethathastheAmazonGoappattheturnstiles.CustomersusingtheGoappca
nexitwithoutwaitingandgetadigitizedreceipt.The1,300-square-footNewYorkstore-thefirstAmazonGostoreontheEastCoast-willofferpreparedfo
ods,suchassandwichesandsalads,ItwillalsohaveAmazonMealKitsandlocallymadeoptions.Amazonsaysitwillbeginac
ceptingcashatitsotherGostores“overtime.”Anumberofretailers(零售商)andrestaurants,suchasSweetgreenandDosTorosTaqueria,arefacingroadbloc
kstotheircashlessrecommendations.NewJerseyGovernorPhilMurphyrecentlysignedalawbanningcashlessstoresinthatstate.Philadelphiaalsopassedalawtopr
ohibitcashlessstoresearlierthismonth,andofficialsinNewYorkCity,WashingtonandSanFranciscoareconsideringsimila
rmoves.Thefederalgovernmentdoesnotrequireretailerstoacceptcash.“Whilecard-onlymaybeconvenientforsomebus
inesses,itcanactuallybediscriminatoryagainstpoorcommunitiesthatdon’thaveasmuchaccesstobanksorlinesofcredit,”saidNewJerseyStateSenatorNelliePou,w
hosponsoredthestate’snewlaw.Notacceptingcashcouldalsobebadforbusiness.Americansuseitin30%ofallbusinessdeals,accordin
gtoa2017reportfromtheFederalReserveBankofSanFrancisco.8.WhyisAmazonopeninganewstoreacceptingcash?A.Topersuadethosecritics.B.Toobeythe
localregulations.C.Toimproveitsretailservice.D.Tocompetewithcashlessstores.9.Whatwillshopperspayingwithcashdoatthenewstore?A.Exitinlinewithadigit
izedreceipt.B.WalkoutbyscanningaphonewiththeGoapp.C.EnterthroughtheturnstilesbyscanningaphoneD.Checkoutwithanemployeeandgetapaperrec
eipt.10.Howdidsomestatesandcitiesreacttocashlessstores?A.Bymakinglawstostopthem.B.Byrequiringretailerstorunthem.C.BylearningfromAmazontoimp
rovethem.D.Byfollowingthefederalgovernmenttoacceptthem.11.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A.Itsnecessarytomakecashlessstoreseasilyaccessible.B.
Morebanksshouldbebuiltinpoorcommunities.C.Card-onlypaymentisconvenientforbusiness.D.Notacceptingcashhasitsdisadvantages.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【解析】这是一篇说
明文。周二,亚马逊在纽约开设了第12家高科技便利店。这将是该连锁店中第一个允许顾客用现金支付的地方。此举伴随着对无现金商店的抵制而来,批评人士称无现金商店拒绝为没有银行账户的人提供服务。文章说明了这些商店的购物方式,以及社会中对于无现金商店的抵制行为和看法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一
段中Themovecomeswithgrowingresistanceagainstcashlessstores,whichcriticssayrefusetoservepeoplewhodon’thavebankaccounts.可知,此举伴随着对无现金商店的抵制而来,批
评人士称无现金商店拒绝为没有银行账户的人提供服务。由此可知,亚马逊开新店接受现金是为了改善零售服务。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中Oncethey’refinished,thoseshopperswillcheckoutwithanAma
zonGoemployeeandreceiveapaperreceipt.可知,一旦他们完成后,这些购物者将与AmazonGo的员工结账并收到纸质收据。由此可知,用现金购物的人在新店会与员工结账,并得到一张纸质收据。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段NewJer
seyGovernorPhilMurphyrecentlysignedalawbanningcashlessstoresinthatstate.Philadelphiaalsopassedalawtoprohibitc
ashlessstoresearlierthismonth,andofficialsinNewYorkCity,WashingtonandSanFranciscoareconsideringsimilarmoves.Thefederalgovernmentdoesnotrequireretai
lerstoacceptcash.可知,新泽西州州长PhilMurphy最近签署了一项法律,禁止该州的无现金商店。本月早些时候,费城还通过了一项禁止无现金商店的法律,纽约市、华盛顿和旧金山的官员也在考虑类似的举措。联邦政府不
要求零售商接受现金。由此可知,一些州和城市通过制定法律来阻止无现金商店。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“Whilecard-onlymaybeconvenientforsomebusinesse
s,itcanactuallybediscriminatoryagainstpoorcommunitiesthatdon’thaveasmuchaccesstobanksorlinesofcredit,”saidNewJerseyStateSenatorNelliePou,wh
osponsoredthestate’snewlaw.Notacceptingcashcouldalsobebadforbusiness.可知,新泽西州参议员NelliePou是这项新法案的发起人,她说:“虽然信用卡对一些企业来说可能很方便
,但它实际上可能是对贫困社区的歧视,因为贫困社区没有那么多的机会获得银行或信贷额度。”不接受现金也可能对生意不利。由此可知,最后一段的大意是不接受现金有它的缺点。故选D。DWhenhumansmakefrie
nds,weoftenchoosecompanionswhosharesimilarcharacteristicstousorenjoyparticipatinginthesameactivitiesthatweenjoy.Interestingly
,itturnsoutthatdolphins(海豚)maynotbesodifferent,accordingtoastudywhichfoundthattheanimalsformstrongsoci
altieswiththosewhohavesimilarinterests.Insomeways,thismaynotbesurprising,ifweknowdolphinsliveingroupscharacterizedbycomplexsocialactiviti
es.However,thelatestfindingsareyetanotherpowerfulexampleoftheintelligencethatthesecreaturespossess.Forthestudy,aninternationalteamofscien
tistsstudiedauniquegroupofbottlenosedolphins,wholiveintheWorldHeritageareaofSharkBay,WesternAustralia.Theyareparticularlyinterestingbecausethef
emalesareknowntouseseasponges(海绵动物)asforaging(觅食)tools,abehaviorthathasn’tbeenperceivedanywhereelse.Thebehaviorknownas“sp
onging,”helpsthedolphinstofindfoodindeeperwatersandissocially-learned,beingpasseddownfrommothertobaby.Previousstudie
shaveshownthatfemalesinthisgroupwhouseseaspongestofindfoodoftenliketohangoutwithotherfemaleswhodothesame.However,studies
ofthisbehaviorinmalesarelacking,leavingagap(空白)inourknowledge.Totryandaddressthisgap,theresearcherscollecteddataon12
4maledolphinsinSharkBayovera9-yearperiodbetween2007and2015.Amongthesedolphins,somehadthespongingbehavior,whileothersdidnot.Afteranalyzingtheird
ata,theteamcametotheconclusionthatthosemaleswhousedspongesforforagingassociatedsignificantlymoreoftenwithother“
spongers,”nomatterhowrelatedtheyweretotheircompanions.Interestingly,malespongersspentsignificantlymoretimeforagingandless
timerestingthannon-spongers.Accordingtotheleadauthorofthestudy,ManuelaBizzozzero,thefindingscastnewlightonthesocialtiesbetweenmaledolph
insatSharkBay.12.Whatcanwelearnformthefirstparagraph?A.Dolphinsarehumans’bestfriends.B.Dolphinsmakefrie
ndslikehumans.C.Dolphinscanunderstandhumans’emotions.D.Dolphinsconfusehumanswiththeirlifestyles.13.Whatdoestheun
derlinedword“perceived”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Influenced.B.Prevented.C.Observed.D.Accepted.14.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousstudie
sinParagraph3?A.Toexplaintheintentionofthelateststudies.B.Topresenttheirachievementsindolphinresearch.C.Tostressthatdolphinshavethesoci
ally-learnedbehavior.D.Toshowhowfemaledolphinsuseseaspongestofindfood.15.What’stheresultofthestudiesonmalebottlenosedolphins?A.Fewofthem
makeuseofspongestofindfood.B.Alargequantityofthemmainlyfeedonsponges.C.Malespongersrestmoreoftenthannon-spongers.D.Malespong
ersenjoystayingwithotherspongers.【答案】12.B13.C14.A15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现,海豚与那些有着相似兴趣的人形成了牢固的社会关系。在这项研究中,一个国际科学家团队研究了一群独特的宽吻海豚,已知雌性会用
海绵体作为觅食工具,这种行为在其他任何地方都没有被发现。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中Interestingly,itturnsoutthatdolphinsmaynotbesodifferent,accordingtoastudyw
hichfoundthattheanimalsformstrongsocialtieswiththosewhohavesimilarinterests.可知,有趣的是,根据一项研究,结果表明海豚可能并没有那么不同,该研究发现,海豚与那些有着相似兴趣的海豚形成了牢固的社会关系。由此可知,海豚和人类
一样交朋友。故选B。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文Theyareparticularlyinterestingbecausethefemalesareknowntouseseaspongesasforagingtools,abehaviorthat
hasn’tbeen以及后文anywhereelse可知已知雌性会用海绵体作为觅食工具,这种行为在其他任何地方都没有被发现。故划线单词意思为“观察,发现”。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中However,studiesofthisbeha
viorinmalesarelacking,leavingagapinourknowledge.Totryandaddressthisgap,theresearcherscollecteddataon124maledolph
insinSharkBayovera9-yearperiodbetween2007and2015.可知,然而,对雄性这种行为的研究还很缺乏,这给我们的知识留下了一个空白。为了解决这个问题,研究人员收集了2007年至2015年9年间鲨鱼湾124只雄性海豚的数据。由此可
推知,作者在第三段中提到以前的研究是为了解释这个最新研究的目的。故选A。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Afteranalyzingtheirdata,theteamcametotheconclusiont
hatthosemaleswhousedspongesforforagingassociatedsignificantlymoreoftenwithother“spongers,”nomatterhowrelatedtheywe
retotheircompanions.可知,在分析他们的数据后,研究小组得出结论,那些用海绵动物觅食的雄性动物与其他“海绵动物”的联系更为频繁,无论它们与同伴的关系如何。由此可知,对雄性宽吻海豚的研究结果表明雄性喜欢和
其他海绵动物待在一起。故选D。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一,可以大致分为①定义猜词,可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto,becalled或that’stosay,s
uchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义,例如,similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等,所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前
因后果。③语法猜词,可以根据构词法,再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词,猜测词义离不开上下文的语境,通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析,同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关
系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容,做题时要注意指代词的位置,以便于判断,然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词,核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致,最后比较所找部分与选项,确定意思最接近的选项。如第2小题,根据上文Theyareparticularlyinterestingbecausethef
emalesareknowntouseseaspongesasforagingtools,abehaviorthathasn’tbeen以及后文anywhereelse可知,已知雌性会用海绵体作为觅食工具,这种行为在其他任何地方都没有被发现。故划线单词意思为“观察,发现”。故选C。第二节(共
5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheNativeAmericantribes(部落)arefamedfortheirimpressiv
etotempoles(图腾柱),eachofwhichiscarefullycarvedandpainted.Somemaytellataleaboutatribeorafamily.___16___Constructingtotempolesfalls
ontheshoulderofskilledworkmen.Theyspendhoursselectingtherighttree,cuttingitdownandcarvingit,andfinallypaintingitwiththeproper
colorsbeforebuildingitoutdoors.___17___Thepeoplewhodesiretomakeonedecideonthedesigntheywant.Basedontheirdemands,theworkmanthenselectsthebesttre
e.Cedar(雪松)treesarethemostcommonlyusedtomaketotempoles.Theyaretallandhavelargediameters(直径),butfewerbranche
sthanothertrees.____18____Thesecharacteristicscombinetomakecedartreesidealforcarvingintolarge,widetotempole
s.Anadditionalbenefitisthattheyaresodurablethatsometotempolesarestillstandingmorethanacenturyafterbeingcarvedandrais
ed.Oncetheselectedtreehasbeencutdownandhaditsbranchesremoved,itmustbecarriedtotheworkman’sworkshop.____19____Theplanneddesignisthencarvedintothetree
trunk.Atypicaltotempoleisdesignedinthreesections:thebottom,middle,andtop.Followingthecompletionofthedesignstage,theworkma
ncarvesthedesignsbystartingatthebottom.____20____Manytotempoleshaveunusualpartssuchasthewingsofbirdsattachedtotheirtops,soitisthef
inalparttobedone.Afterthecarvingisfinished,thetotempoleispainted.Finally,thepersonwhorequireditraiseitduringaspecialceremony.A.Andtheyhavesoftwood.
B.Everytotempolebeginswithaplan.C.Thetopsectionoftenrequiresextralabor.D.Theyservemanypurposesbeyondtheirbeauty.E.Othersmaydescribe
thedeedsofapersonorpeople.F.Totempolescanbegotfromthelargestonlineselectionate-Bay.com.G.Theworkmanandhisassistantsthenr
emovethebarkandsmooththelargetrunk..【答案】16.E17.B18.A19.G20.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。美洲土著部落以其令人印象深刻的图腾柱而闻名,每根图腾柱都是经过精
心雕刻和绘制的。文章说明了图腾柱的选材、制作过程等情况。【16题详解】根据上文Somemaytellataleaboutatribeorafamily.有些可能讲述一个部落或家庭的故事。由此可知,此处
在说明图腾柱上描绘的故事内容是关于谁的,本句承接上文,上文中some可对应到E选项中others。故E选项“其他的可能描述一个人或几个人的行为”符合上下文语境,故选E。【17题详解】根据后文Thepeoplewhodesiretomak
eonedecideonthedesigntheywant.想要做一个的人决定他们想要的设计。由此可知,要建造图腾柱首先要有一个计划。故B选项“每一个图腾柱都以一个计划开始”符合上下文语境,故选B。【18题详解】根据上文Cedartreesarethemostcommon
lyusedtomaketotempoles.Theyaretallandhavelargediameters,butfewerbranchesthanothertrees.雪松是最常用的图腾柱。它们很高,直径很大,但树枝比
其他树少。由此可知,本句承接上文,继续说明雪松的特点。其中A选项对应上文中They,指代雪松。故A选项“他们有软木”符合上下文语境,故选A。【19题详解】结合上文Oncetheselectedtreehasbeencutdownandhaditsbranchesremoved,itmustbeca
rriedtotheworkman’sworkshop.一旦选中的树被砍倒,树枝被砍掉,它就必须被送到工人的工作间。由此可知,本句承接上文说明树进入工作间后的事情,应当为工人和他的助手们把树皮去掉,把大树干弄光滑。故G选项“然后工人和他的
助手们把树皮去掉,把大树干弄光滑”符合上下文语境,故选G。【20题详解】根据上文Followingthecompletionofthedesignstage,theworkmancarvesthedesignsbystartingatthebottom.设计阶
段完成后,工人从底部开始雕刻图案。由此可知,工人从底部开始,最后雕刻顶部,因为顶部需要额外的劳力,所以放在最后。故C选项“最上面的部分通常需要额外的劳力”符合上下文语境,故选C。第三部分:语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分3
0分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的ABC和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。DeclanMurphyhasjustfinishedmedicalschool.Andheismore____21____thaneverforthelife-changingcorne
altransplant(角膜移植)that____22____himtofulfillhisdreamofbecominga____23____.Sixyearsago.Declanhadanoperationonhisleft
____24____afterhisfailingeyesightmadeitpractically____25____forhimtocontinuewithhisdegreecourse.PooreyesightissomethingDeclanhaslong____26____—at12,
hewasdiagnosed(诊断)withkeratoconus,aconditionthatcanleadtoblindness.Itcanbe____27____witheyedrops,butalmo
sttwo-thirdsofpatientseventually____28____acornealtransplant.Declanknowshewasvery____29____asheonlyhadtowait12weeksforhistransplant.Rece
ntstatisticsshowthattheUKcurrentlyhasa20%shortfallineye____30____.Declansays,“Whilepeoplemight____31____theneedtodonatetheir
heart,itisnotthesamewitheyes.Thereislittlepublic____32____oftheeffectthatbadeyesightcanhaveonaperson’slife.”___33___,F
ightforSightisdeterminedto____34____people’sviews.“Itsimportanttomakeonethingvery____35____,”saysDrNeilEbenezer,directorofresearchandpolicyatFightfo
rSight.“Allthatis____36____throughaneyedonationisthecornea—areceiverwouldn’tbewalkingaroundwithadonor’seyes.”TheYouGovpoll(民意调查)found51%who_
___37____wouldn’thavedonatedtheireyeschangedtheirmindwhentheyweregivenmore____38____oncorneadonation.“Ican
’timaginewhatI’dbe____39____nowwithoutthetransplant,butIcertainlywouldn’tbeadoctor,”Declansays.‘Eyetransplantsreallycantra
nsformpeople’slivesandI’d____40____everyonetothinkaboutdonatingtheircorneas.”21.A.gratefulB.responsibleC.readyD.famo
us22.A.warnedB.allowedC.preferredD.reminded23.A.teacherB.musicianC.reporterD.doctor24.A.armB.legC.eyeD.ear2
5.A.unusualB.unnecessaryC.illegalD.impossible26.A.introducedB.experiencedC.examinedD.recognized27.A.improvedB.comparedC.achievedD
.equipped28.A.testB.findC.needD.stop29.A.calmB.luckyC.strongD.patient30.A.operationsB.experimentsC.productsD.donations31.A.deserveB.seeC.
reduceD.create32.A.insuranceB.freedomC.awarenessD.benefit33.A.HoweverB.InsteadC.BesidesD.Otherwise34.A.confirmB.collectC.explainD.change35.A.h
ardB.clearC.funD.small36.A.taughtB.avoidedC.takenD.broken37.A.initiallyB.suddenlyC.gladlyD.strangely38.A.informationB.restrictionC.attentionD
.agreement39.A.watchingB.thinkingC.sayingD.doing40.A.hireB.trainC.encourageD.force【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C
25.D26.B27.A28.C29.B30.D31.B32.C33.A34.D35.B36.C37.A38.A39.D40.C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要以DeclanMurphy接受了角膜移植手术后实现当医生的梦想为例,说明了角膜捐赠可以改变人们的生活,鼓励大家捐赠
眼角膜。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他比以往任何时候都更感激角膜移植手术,这改变了他的一生,让他实现了成为一名医生的梦想。A.grateful感激的;B.responsible负责的;C.ready准备好的;D.famous出名的。角膜移植手术让他实现了当医生的梦想
,因此很感激DeclanMurphy这次手术。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他比以往任何时候都更感激角膜移植手术,这改变了他的一生,让他实现了成为一名医生的梦想。A.warned警告;B.allowed允许;C.preferred更喜欢;D.reminded提醒。
结合后文himtofulfillhisdream可知,角膜移植手术让他能够去实现自己的梦想。短语allowsb.todosth.“允许某人做某事”。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:他比以往任何时候都更感激角膜移植手术,这改变了他的一生,让他实现了成为一
名医生的梦想。A.teacher老师;B.musician音乐家;C.reporter记者;D.doctor医生。结合上文DeclanMurphyhasjustfinishedmedicalschool.可知,他的梦想是当一名医生。故选D。【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意:六年前,Declan的左眼做了手术,因为他的视力越来越差,几乎不可能继续攻读学位。A.arm手臂;B.leg腿;C.eye眼睛;D.ear耳朵。根据上文cornealtransplant可推知,他是眼睛做了手术。故选C。【2
5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:六年前,Declan的左眼做了手术,因为他的视力越来越差,几乎不可能继续攻读学位。A.unusual不寻常的;B.unnecessary不必要的;C.illegal非法的;D.impossible不可能的。Declan的眼睛视力越来越差,因此不可能再继续
读书了。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:Declan长期以来都有视力不佳的经历——12岁时,他被诊断出患有圆锥角膜,这种病会导致失明。A.introduced介绍;B.experienced经历;C.examined检查;D.recognized辨
认。结合后文可知,Declan从12岁起就被诊断患有眼部疾病,因此这是一段长期的视力不佳经历。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:滴眼液可以改善这种情况,但几乎三分之二的患者最终需要角膜移植。A.improved促进;B.compared比较
;C.achieved实现;D.equipped装备。结合后文witheyedrops可知,滴眼液可以改善上文眼病的问题,故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:滴眼液可以改善这种情况,但几乎三分
之二的患者最终需要角膜移植。A.test测试;B.find找到;C.need需要;D.stop停止。结合后文acornealtransplant可知,三分之二的患者最终需要角膜移植。故选C。【29题详解】考查
形容词词义辨析。句意:Declan知道他很幸运,因为他只需要等待12周就可以进行移植手术。A.calm平静的;B.lucky幸运的;C.strong强壮的;D.patient耐心的。Declan只需要等12周就可以进行移植手术,因此他是很幸运的。故选B。【30题详解】考查名
词词义辨析。句意:最近的统计数据显示,英国目前有20%的眼部捐献缺口。A.operations操作;B.experiments实验;C.products产品;D.donations捐赠。结合上文theUKcurr
entlyhasa20%shortfallineye可知,此处指的是英国目前有20%的眼部捐献缺口。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:虽然人们可能看到了捐献心脏的需要,但这与眼睛是不同的。A.deserve值得;B.see看见;C.reduce减少;D
.create创造。结合后文theneedtodonatetheirheart可知,此处是指人们能看到捐献心脏的需要,但眼睛却不一定。故选B。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:很少有公众意识到视力不好会对一个人的生活造成影响。A.insurance保
险;B.freedom自由;C.awareness意识;D.benefit利益。结合上文itisnotthesamewitheyes可知,很少有公众意识到视力不好会对一个人的生活造成影响。短语publicawareness“公众意识”。故选C。【33题详解】考查副词
词义辨析。句意:然而,FightforSight决心改变人们的观点。A.However然而;B.Instead相反;C.Besides而且;D.Otherwise否则。结合上下文语境可知,此处为转折关系。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,FightforSight决心改变人
们的观点。A.confirm确认;B.collect收集;C.explain解释;D.change改变。上文提到很少有公众意识到视力不好会对一个人的生活造成影响,而FightforSight决心改变人们的观点。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:有一件事必须
弄清楚,这很重要。A.hard努力的;B.clear清楚的;C.fun有趣的;D.small小的。此处为NeilEbenezer博士陈述自己的观点,短语makethingsclear“把事情说清楚”故选B。【
36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:所有通过捐献眼睛拿走的都是角膜——接受者不会带着捐赠者的眼睛四处走动。A.taught教;B.avoided避免;C.taken拿,带走;D.broken打破。结合后文throughaneyedonationisthecornea可知,通过捐献
眼睛拿走的都是角膜。故选C。【37题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:YouGov的调查发现,当获得更多关于角膜捐赠的信息时,最初不愿捐赠眼睛的51%的人改变了主意。A.initially最初;B.suddenly突然;C.gladly高兴地;D.strangely奇怪地。根据
后文changedtheirmind可推知,这些捐赠眼睛的人最初并不愿意捐赠。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:YouGov的调查发现,当获得更多关于角膜捐赠的信息时,最初不愿捐赠眼睛的51%的人改变了主意。A.information信息
;B.restriction限制;C.attention注意力;D.agreement同意。结合后文oncorneadonation可知,此处是获得更多关于角膜捐赠的信息。其它选项不符合语境。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我无法想象如果没有
移植,我现在会做什么,但我肯定不会是一名医生。A.watching看;B.thinking思考;C.saying说;D.doing做。结合后文butIcertainlywouldn’tbeadoctor可知,此处是指无法想象如果没有移植,现在会做什么。故选D。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:
眼睛移植真的可以改变人们的生活,我鼓励每个人都考虑捐献眼角膜。A.hire租借;B.train训练;C.encourage鼓励;D.force促使。结合上文Eyetransplantsreallycantransformpeople’slives可知,Declan鼓励捐赠眼角
膜。故选C。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词或括号内单词的正确形式。UKnursinghomesaregettingsomecolorfulnew___41___(guest).HenPowerisbringingthe
joyofhenstomorethan60carehomesaroundtheUKtoaddsomeexcitementtotheirdailyactivities.Thehensgiveelderlypeopleachance___42_
__(explore)theircreativityandtospendsometimeoutdoorswiththechickenshavingfun,feedingthemandcollectingtheeggs.The___43__
_(organize)hasbeenespeciallyhelpfulinallowingelderlypeopletofeel___44___(need)throughcaringforothers,insteadofalways___45___(care)fo
r.HenPoweralsohasplentyofsupportfromthecommunity,___46___allowsittocreaterealchangein___47___wayelderlypeopleseethemselves.Oneelderlymansaidthatwhile
hebelievedtheHenPowerconceptwasstrangeatthestart,hefinallydecidedtotryit,andnow___48___(feel)it’sthebestthinghehaseverdon
e,Totakepride___49___lookingaftersomeoneorsomethingcan____50____(complete)changethewaypeoplelivetheirliv
es.Whenelderlypeopleknowtheyhaveareasontogetupinthemorningbecausetheyhavetolookaftertheirchickens,itbringseve
ryonetogether.【答案】41.guests42.toexplore43.organization44.needed45.beingcared46.which47.the48.feels49.in50.completely【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国养老
院迎来了一些有趣的新客人。HenPower将母鸡的快乐带到英国60多家养老院,为他们的日常活动增添一些乐趣。这些母鸡给了老年人一个机会来探索他们的创造力,并花一些时间与鸡在户外玩,喂它们和收集鸡蛋。【41题详解】考查名词的数。guest为可数名词,由some修饰应用复数形
式。故填guests。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,explore在句中做非谓语动词,且做抽象名词chance的后置定语应用不定式,短语chancetodosth.表示“做某事的机会”。
故填toexplore。【43题详解】考查名词。根据上文the可知,应填名词organization“组织”,且后文has表示应用单数名词,故填organization。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知need在
剧中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语elderlypeople构成被动关系,故用过去分词。故填needed。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。of为介词,后跟动名词做宾语,且care与elderlypeople构成被动,故用bei
ngdone形式。故填beingcared。【46题详解】考查定语从句。句意:HenPower还得到了社区的大力支持,这让它能够真正改变老年人看待自己的方式。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,故用关系
代词which。故填which。【47题详解】考查冠词。根据此处特指“老人们看待自己的方式”应用定冠词。故填the。【48题详解】考查动词时态。本句主语为he根据上文now可知,描述目前的情况应用一般现在时,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填feels。【49题详解】考
查介词。根据短语takepridein表示“以……为傲”,故填in。【50题详解】考查副词。修饰后文动词change,应用副词completely,表示“完全地”。故填completely。【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择,可考虑以下几点:1、看清楚先行词的意义,就是理清先行词是指人、指
物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等等。2、看清楚关系词的句法功能,就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose,有时也用which。作状语要用when,whe
re,why。3、看清楚定语从句的种类,就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。4、看清楚文体,就是理清是正式文体,还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。如
第六小题,句意:HenPower还得到了社区的大力支持,这让它能够真正改变老年人看待自己的方式。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子,且从句中缺少主语,故用关系代词which。故填which。第四部分:写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节:短文改错(共10小题:每小题1分,满分1
0分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Ican’tforgotoneofthemostcoldestnightsIexper
ienced.Itwassixineveningandcoldwindswereblowingstronglyoutside.Thewaterfromthetapwereicycold,andmademyfingersnumb.Wealldecidedtostayinginsidethehous
e.Mymothermadehottomatoessoupforus.Itwasgreattohavethehotsoup,asitmademefeelwarmly.Aroundnineatnight,i
tstartssnowingheavily.Lookoutsidethewindow,Isawsnowfallingoneverything.MymotherheldmetightlyinmyarmsandIsoonfellasleep.【答案】1.forg
ot→forget2.去掉most3.evening前添加the4.were→was5.staying→stay6.tomatoes→tomato7.warmly→warm8.starts→started9.Look→Looki
ng10.my→her【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者经历过的最寒冷的一个夜晚。【详解】1.考查动词。can为情态动词,后跟动词原形,故forgot改为forget。2.考查最高级。coldes
t为形容词最高级,前面不再需要添加most。故去掉most。3.考查冠词。根据短语intheevening表示“在晚上”。故evening前添加the。4.考查主谓一致。本句主语为Thewater,water
为不可数名词,故谓语动词应用单数。故were改为was。5.考查动词。根据短语decidetodosth.表示“决定做某事”,后跟不定式。故staying改为stay。6.考查名词的数。短语tomatosoup表示“番茄汤”,用单数名词,故tomatoes改为tomato。7
.考查形容词。feel为系动词,后跟形容词作表语,故warmly改为warm。8.考查动词时态。结合全文可知事情发生在过去应用一般过去式,故starts改为started。9.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,look在句中作非谓语动词,与逻辑主语I构
成主动关系,故用现在分词。故Look改为Looking。10.考查代词。句意:妈妈把我紧紧地抱在她怀里,我很快就睡着了。此处表示妈妈的怀里,应用形容词性物主代词her。故my改为her。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候,如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系,就
使用现在分词做状语;当二者构成被动关系,使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前,就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系,可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。如第9小题,分析句子结构可知look在句中作非谓语动词,与逻辑主语I构成主动关系,故用现在分词。故Look改为Lo
oking。第二节:书面表达(满分25分)52.假定你是李华,你的外国朋友Chris在电视里看到中国春运,发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你回复一封邮件,内容包括:1.原因及时间;2.30多亿人次流动;3.交通方式。注意:1.词数120左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:春运SpringFestivaltravelseason___________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___【答案】DearChris,Traditionally,gettingtogetherisveryimportantforChinesefamilies,especiallywhentheSpringFe
stivaliscoming.Undoubtedly,peoplelivinginoroutsidetheirhometown,homeorabroad,willeagerlyhurryhomebeforethedayatallcosts,andfloodtothework
placeorschoolafterthat,forwhichSpringFestivaltravelseasoncomesintosightspectacularly.TheSpringFestivaltravelsea
sonlastsforoveronemonth.Duringtheseason,whatimpressesyoumostisitshugescale.IneverycornerofChinamorethan3billionpa
ssengerspourinorpouroutbytrain,byairplane,bybusorbycar.Forpublictransportation,peoplecanreserveticketsonlineefficientlyandef
fectively.Allinall,ifyouneedtoknowmore,justcopetoChinatoexperienceitpersonally.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解
】第1步:根据提示可知,假定你是李华,你的外国朋友Chris在电视里看到中国春运,发邮件向你询问有关情况。请你回复一封邮件,内容包括:1.原因及时间;2.30多亿人次流动;3.交通方式。第2步:根据写作要求,确定关键词(组):gettingto
gether(团聚);SpringFestivaltravelseason(春运);Undoubtedly(确实地);homeorabroad(海内外);spectacularly(壮观地)等。第3步:根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句,注意主谓
一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步:连句成文,注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡,书写一定要规范清晰,保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整,语言规范,语篇连贯,词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式
,如Undoubtedly,peoplelivinginoroutsidetheirhometown,homeorabroad,willeagerlyhurryhomebeforethedayatallcosts,andfloodtotheworkplace
orschoolafterthat,forwhichSpringFestivaltravelseasoncomesintosightspectacularly.运用了非限定性定语从句;Duringth
eseason,whatimpressesyoumostisitshugescale.运用了主语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式,显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明,上下句转换自然
,为文章增色添彩。