【文档说明】【精准解析】广东省广州市省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题（原卷版）.docx，共(12)页，49.404 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

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省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题本试卷10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己

的姓名、班级、考场、座位号填写在答题卡相应位置。用2B铅笔在“准考证号”处填涂信息点。因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦

干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3.第II卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位罝上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答

无效。4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A4PopularPlacestoGoThisW

interHarbin,ChinaChinaHarbin’swinterisforthebraveones—theaveragetemperatureis1.8°F-butthosewhobravethecoldwillbereward

edwithexperiencingoneoftheworld’slargestwinterfestivals.2021marksthe37thHarbinInternationalIceandSnowSculptureFestival(January-March),

whenmassivefrozenstructuresriseandarelitup,transformingthecityintoawinterwonderland.Lyon,FranceParismaybecalledTheCityofLight,buteveryDecemb

er,lighttakescenterstageinLyon,France’sthird-largestcity.That’swhentheannualFestivalofLights(aroundDecember8)takesover,withlight

installations(装置)thattransformthecity’sstreetscapesintomodernworksofart.ThecityisalsohometotwoChristmasmarkets(oneinLaCroix-Rousse;t

heotheratthePlaceCarnot;throughDecember25).Lima,PeruPeru’scapitalLimaishometotheworld’shighestnumberofco

okingschoolsperperson.Asidefromitsdelicatedining,thecityalsohasgreatcocktailbarswhereyoucantasteclassicorcontemporarytakesonthePis

coSour.Combinethatwiththeoceanfrontsettingandtemperaturesinthe80s,andyou’llunderstandwhyLimashouldnolongerbeignoredthiswinter.Vermont,USWinterinVerm

ontmeansskiingandsnowboarding,Manyresorts(度假胜地)havegreatlyupgradedtheirsnowmakingabilitiesaspartofa$15millionstatewideprogramthatrepl

acedmanyoutdatedsnowgunswithnew,low-energymodels.Thesenewmachineswillalsoimprovethequalityofsnowsurfacesandlengthe

ntheseason,meaningthiswillbeoneofthebestwintersforskiingandridinginVermontinrecentmemory.1.Whatsimilaritiesdothefirsttwopla

ceshave?A.Theyaredecoratedwithlights.B.Theyoffersnowsculptures.C.Theyhavethree-dayfestivals.D.Theyareextremelycold.

2.WhichprovidesagoodchancetobuyaChristmasgift?A.Harbin.B.Lyon.C.Lima.D.Vermont.3.What’snewtotheresortsinVermont?A

.Skiingandsnowboarding.B.Alongerwinter.C.Cookingschools.D.Updatedequipment.BI’veworkedinthefactoriessurroundingmyhometowneverysummersinc

eIgraduatedfromhighschool,butmakingthetransition(转变)betweenschoolandfull-timeblue-collarworkduringthebreakne

vergetsanyeasier.Forastudentlikemewhoconsidersanyclassbeforenoontobeuncivilized,gettingtoafactoryby6o'clockeachmorningis

torture.MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacati

on.There’refewpeopleasself-confidentasacollegestudentwhohasneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethe

valueoftheirtimeandknowledge.Infact,alltheclassesdidnotpreparemeformybattleswiththemachineIranintheplant,whi

chwouldjamwheneverIabsent-mindedlyputinapartbackwardorupsidedown.Themoststressfulthingaboutblue-collarlifeisknowingyourjo

bcoulddisappearovernight.Issueslikedownsizing(裁员)andoverseasrelocationhadalwaysseemeddistanttomeunti

lmyco-workerstoldmethattheunitIwasworkinginwouldshutdownwithinsixmonthsandmovetoMexico,wherepeoplewouldworkfor60centsanhour.Afterwork

ing12-hourshiftsinafactory,theotheroptionshavebecomeonlytooclear.WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandtu

rninginlazyre-writesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschool.Alltheadviceandpublic-serviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofan

educationthatusedtosoundstalenowringtrue.TheselessonsI’mlearning,howevervaluable,arealwaystinged(带有)withsenseofguilt.Manypeop

lepasstheirlivesintheplaceswhereIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatime.“Thisjobpayswell,buti

t’shellonthebody,”saidoneco-worker.“Studyhardandkeepreading,”sheadded.Myexperiencesinthefactorieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycolle

geyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.4Howdidtheauthorlookbackonhissummerdayswhileatcollege?A.Theybroughthimnothingbuttor

ture.B.Theywerenoholidayforhimatall.C.Theywerearelieffromhishardworkatschool.D.Theyofferedhimachancetoknow

morepeople.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcollegestudents?A.Theyexpecttoomuchfromtherealworld.B.Theyhavelittleinterestinblue-collarlife.C.Theythinktooh

ighlyofthemselves.D.Theyareconfidentoftheirfuture.6.What,accordingtotheauthor,ismostfrustratingforblue-col

larworkers?A.Theydonothavejobsecurity.B.Theydonotgetdecentpay.C.Theyhavetowork12-hourshifts.D.Theyhavetomo

vefromplacetoplace.7.Inwhatimportantwayhastheauthor’sworkexperiencechangedhim?A.Helearnedtobemorepractical.B.Heacquiredasenseofurgency.C.

Hecametorespectblue-collarworkers.D.Hecametoappreciatehiscollegeeducation.CPresidentCoolidge’sstatement,“Th

ebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,”stillpointstoanimportanttruthtoday-thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestige（威望）inAmericansocietythananyotherkind

oforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydobusinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?OnereasonisthatAmericansviewb

usinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsinsociety.Sincecompetitionisseenast

he.majorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,.competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Comp

etitionisnotonlygoodinitself.itisthemeans(by)whichotherbasicAmericanvaluesuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunityandhardworkareprotect

ed.Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualensuringthatthereisnomonopoly（垄断）ofpower.Incontrasttooneall-powerfulgovernment，many

businessescompeteagainsteachotherforprofitsTheoretically,ifonebusinesstriesto.takeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllosetocompetingbusinesswhichtr

eatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers’dollars,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferiorsorslaves.Aco

ntrastoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly,Becausebusinessiscompetitive,m

anyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeople

andbusinessleadersarenot.ManyAmericansbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportant,orevenmoreimportant,thandemocracy（民主）inpreservingfreedom.Com

petitioninbusinessisalsobelievedtostrengthentheidealofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheres

uccessgoestotheswiftestpersonregardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpress

ionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocratic(贵族的)idealofinheritedprivilege.8.Thestatement“Thebusinesso

fAmericaisbusiness”probablymeans________.A.AmericaisagreatpowerinworldbusinessB.BusinessisofprimaryconcerntoAm

ericansC.ThebusinessinstitutionsinAmericaareconcernedwithcommerceD.BusinessproblemsareofgreatimportancetotheAmericangovernment9.Americ

ansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvaluesonly________.A.byprotectingtheirindividualfreedomB.whengivenequalityofopportunityC.bywayofcompet

itionD.throughdoingbusiness10.Whocanbenefitfrombusinesscompetition?A.Peoplewithidealsofequalityandfreedom

.B.Bothbusinessinstitutionsandgovernment.C.HonestbusinessD.Bothbusinessmenandtheircustomers.11.Itcanbeinferredfromco

untriesthattheauthorbelieves________.A.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone’ssocialstatusB.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthose

inAmericaC.AmericanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercountriesD.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercount

riesDPeoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.It’snoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneis

cooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestion

s.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughtonthemat

terhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpectthetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.The

controversyisoften(conveniently)referredtoas“nature/nurture”.Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbeliev

ethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanythin

g,todowithourabilities,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredet

erminedtosuchagreatdegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourInstincts.Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftencalledbehavio

rists,claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.

Behavioristsseehumansasbeingwhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Theirviewofthehumanbeingisq

uitemechanistic;theymaintainthatlikemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Thesocialandpolit

icalimplicationsofthesetwotheoriesareprofound.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencetest.Thisleadssome“n

ature”proponentstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallyinferiortowhites.Behaviorists,incontrast,saythatthedifferencesinscoresaredueto

thefactthatblacksareoftendeprivedofmanyoftheeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhiteenjoy,andthat,asaresult,theydonotdevelopt

hesameresponsesthatwhitesdo.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatthekeyt

oourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.12.Theauthorismainlyconcernedaboutsolvingthepro

blem________.A.whyone’sbehaviorsdifferfromothers’B.whatmakesdifferentstagesofintelligenceC.howsocialscientistsformdifferenttheoriesD.whatcausesthe“n

ature/nurture”controversy13.Theword“proponents”canbestbereplacedby________.A.approachesB.advocatesC.principlesD.characters14.Whatcanw

elearnaboutthebehaviorists?A.Theybelievehumanbeingsaremechanical.B.Theycompareourbehaviorstothemachines.C.They

suggestthatwereacttotheenvironmentasthemachinesdo.D.Theyupholdthatthemechanistictheorycanbeappliedonusaswell.15.The“nature”theoristsb

elievethattheblacks’lowscores________.A.aretheresultoftheeducationaldisadvantagesB.havenothingtodowiththeirtruein

telligenceC.areanindicationoftheblacks’poorintelligenceD.havenothingtodowithfactorsotherthaninstincts第

二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthemoviesandontelevision,artificialintelligen

ceistypicallyrelatedtoautomationandthelossofjobs,butarecentsurveyfoundthatcompaniescurrentlyuseAImoreoftenincomputer-to-comput

eractivitiesthaninautomatingorreplacinghumanactivities.HereareafewotherwaysAIisaidingcompanieswithoutreplacingem

ployees.BetterhiringpracticesCompaniesareusingAItoremovesomeunconsciousbiasfromhiringdecisions,There

areexperimentsthatshowthattheresultsofinterviewsaremuchmorebiasedthanwhatAIdoes.____16____Onecompanycal

ledBlendoorusesAItohelpidentifywheretheremaybebiasinthehiringprocess.MoreeffectivemarketingSomeAIsoftwarecana

nalyzeandoptimizemarketingemailsubjectlinestoincreaseopenrates.OnecompanyintheUK,Phrasee,claimstheir

softwarecanoutperformhumansbyupto10percentintermsofemailopenrates.Thiscanmeanmillionsmoreintaxation.____17____Thesearetoolsth

athelppeopleusedata.SavingcustomersmoneyEnergycompaniescanuseAItohelpcustomersreducetheirelectricitybills.Companiescanalsooptimizeth

eirownenergyuseandcutdownonthecostofelectricity.Insurancecompanies,meanwhile,canbasetheirinsurancefeesonAImodelsthatspotrisksmoreaccurately.__

__18____Ortheywouldchargetoolittleandthenitwouldcostthecompanymoney.ImprovedaccuracyMachinelearningoftenp

rovidesamorereliableformofstatisticswhichmakesdatamorevaluable.Ithelpspeoplemakesmarterdecisions.____19____Thisprocess,alongwithemployeesreviewin

gthecontracts,isfasterandmoreaccurate.ProtectingandmaintaininginfrastructureAnumberofcompanies,particularlyinenergyandtransportation,u

seAlimageprocessingtechnologytoinspectinfrastructureandpreventequipmentfailurebeforetheyhappen.“Iftheyfailfirstandthen

youfixthem,it’sveryexpensive,”saysDomingos.____20____.A.AIreplacestheboringpartsofyourjob.Ifyou’redoingrese

arch,youcanhaveAIgooutandlookforrelevantsourcesandinformation.B.Oneaccountingfirm,EY,usesanAIsystemthathelpsreviewcontra

cts.C.TherearealsocompanieslikeAcquisto,whichanalyzesadvertisingperformancelandmakesadjustmentsorsuggestionsaboutwhereadvertisingfundswillle

adtobestresults.D.Youwanttopredictifsomethingneedsattentionnowandpointtowhereit’susefulforemployeestogoto.E.Before,theymightnotensuretheoneswhof

eltlikeahighriskorchargethemtoomuch.F.We’realsogivingourcustomersbetterchannelsversuspickingupthephonetoaccomplishsomethi

ngbeyondhumanscale.G.AIlooksatresumesingreaternumbersthanhumanswouldbeabletoandselectsthemorepromisingapplicants.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题

1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Lifeisprecious....Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife

,andiftheyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethat____21____,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaoz

higiveusalookintotheheartofthis____22____woman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhard____23____.Asafive-year-oldgirl,L

inQiaozhiwasdeeply____24____byhermother’sdeath.Atage18,____25____followingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemajorityofgirls,sh

echosetostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrother____26____,thinkingof

thehightuitionfees.Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollegewiththehighestprize.She____27____,becamethefirstwomaneverto

behiredasaresidenthysicianinthePUMCHospital.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthen,intheUS.Shegreatly____2

8____herAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,however,____29____theoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildren__

__30____.ThenewPoeple’sRepublicofChina____31____DrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.ShewaselectedtobethefirstNationa

lPeople’sCongressandheldmanyimportant____32____.Herheart,however,was____33____.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearcha

ndtrainingdoctors.ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies,”havingdeliveredover50.000babiesinh

erlifetime.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshe____34____,22April1983.Evenasshelaydying;her____35____thoughtswereforothers.21.A.

beliefB.trustC.feelingD.virtue22.A.oldB.professionalC.amazingD.single23.A.choicesB.timesC.factsD.businesses24.A.encouragedB.touchedC.disturb

edD.affected25.A.regardlessofB.insteadofC.aheadofD.inspiteof26.A.doubtedB.wonderedC.complainedD.insisted27.A.immediatelyB.sur

prisinglyC.eventuallyD.suddenly28.A.enviedB.shockedC.appreciatedD.impressed29.A.dislikedB.rejectedC.withdrewD.made30A.inneedB.atschoolC.

inhospitalD.athome31.A.preventedB.hadC.sawD.caught32.A.positionsB.activitiesC.meetingsD.records33.A.nowhereB.anywhereC.everywhereD.elsewhe

re34.A.passedawayB.passedbyC.passedoutD.passedoff35.A.realB.finalC.positiveD.anxious第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号

内单词的正确形式。Wereyouthefirstorthelastchildinyourfamily?Orwereyouamiddleoranonlychild?Somepeoplethink____36____mat

terswhereyouwereborninyourfamily.Buttherearedifferentideasabout____37____birthordermeans.Somepeoplesaythattheoldestch

ildren,____38____aresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely.____39____(succeed).Thereason____40____thisissimple.Parentshavea

lotoftimeforthefirstchild,andgivehimorheralotofattention.Anonlychildwillsucceedfor____41____samereason.Whathappenstotheotherchildrenin

thefamily?____42____(lose)inthecrowdsometimes,middlechildrendon’tgetsomuchattentionwhenafamilyhasmanychildre

n,sotheydon’tfeelthatimportant.Theyoungestchild,however,oftengetsspecial____43____(treat).Oftenthischildgrowsuptobefu

nny.Butarecentstudysawthingsquite____44____(difference).Thestudyfoundthatfirstchildrenbelievedinfamilyrules.Theydidn’ttakemanychancesin

theirlives.Theyusually____45____(follow)orders.Rulesdidn’tmeanasmuchtolaterchildreninthefamily.Theytookchancesandtheyofte

ndidbetterinlife.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华。北京时间2021年6月17日9时22分，神舟十二号载人飞，请你写一封邮件向同为航天爱好者的英国笔友Mike分享这个消息，内容包括：1.神舟十二号载人飞船的历史意义（空间站建造阶段的首

次载人飞行任务、三名航天员将完成为期三个月的天和核心舱驻留等）；2.你的感想。参考词汇：神舟十二号飞船ShenzhouXIIspacecraft；空间站建设阶段spacestationconstructionphase;天和核心舱Tianhecoremodule注意：1.写作

词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,_______________________________________________________________________

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_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材

料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Twomen,bothseriouslyill,occupiedthesamehospitalroom.OnemancalledBenwasallowedtositupinhisbed

foranhoureachafternoontohelpdrainthefluidfromhislungs.Hisbedwasnexttotheroom'sonlywindow.Theotherman,Leo,hadtospendallhist

imeflatonhisback.Thementalkedforhoursonend.Theyspokeoftheirwivesandfamilies,theirhomes,theirjobs,theirinvolvementinthemilitaryservice,wheretheyhad

beenonvacation.AndeveryafternoonwhenBencouldsitup,hewouldpassthetimebydescribingtohisroommateallthethingshecouldseeoutside

thewindow.Leobegantoliveforthoseone-hourperiodswherehisworldwouldbebroadenedandlightenedbyalltheactivityandcoloroftheworldoutside.Thewindowoverlo

okedaparkwithalovelylake.Ducksandswansplayedonthewaterwhilechildrensailedtheirmodelboats.Youngloverswalkedarminarmamongflowersofev

erycoloroftherainbow.Grandoldtreesgracedthelandscapeandafineviewofthecitycouldbeseeninthedistance.AsBendescribedallthisindetail,Leowould

closehiseyesandimaginethebeautifulscene.OnewarmafternoonBendescribedaparadepassingby.AlthoughLeocouldn'theartheband—hecouldseeitin

hismind'seyeasthegentlemanbythewindowdescribeditwithdescriptivewords.Eachtimethenursesawthewarmandtouchingscene,shewa

salwaysstruckbydevotedfriendshipbetweenthesetwomen.Daysandweekspassed.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Onemornin

g,thenursearrivedtocheckthetwomen,onlytofindthelifelessbodyofBen.__________________________________________________________________

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ldseenothingbutablankwallofanotherbuilding.___________________________________________________________________

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