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省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题本试卷10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考场、座位号填写在答题卡相应位置。用2

B铅笔在“准考证号”处填涂信息点。因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.作答第I卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案

。答案不能答在试卷上。3.第II卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位罝上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4.考生必须

保证答题卡的整洁。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A4PopularPlacestoGoThisWinterHarbin,ChinaChinaHarbin’sw

interisforthebraveones—theaveragetemperatureis1.8°F-butthosewhobravethecoldwillberewardedwithexperiencingoneoft

heworld’slargestwinterfestivals.2021marksthe37thHarbinInternationalIceandSnowSculptureFestival(January-March),whenmassive

frozenstructuresriseandarelitup,transformingthecityintoawinterwonderland.Lyon,FranceParismaybecalledTheCityofLight,butevery

December,lighttakescenterstageinLyon,France’sthird-largestcity.That’swhentheannualFestivalofLights(aroundDecember8)take

sover,withlightinstallations(装置)thattransformthecity’sstreetscapesintomodernworksofart.ThecityisalsohometotwoChristmasmarkets(oneinLaCroix-Rousse;

theotheratthePlaceCarnot;throughDecember25).Lima,PeruPeru’scapitalLimaishometotheworld’shighestnumberofcookingschoolsperperson.Asidefromitsd

elicatedining,thecityalsohasgreatcocktailbarswhereyoucantasteclassicorcontemporarytakesonthePiscoSour.Combinetha

twiththeoceanfrontsettingandtemperaturesinthe80s,andyou’llunderstandwhyLimashouldnolongerbeignoredthiswinter.Vermont,US

WinterinVermontmeansskiingandsnowboarding,Manyresorts(度假胜地)havegreatlyupgradedtheirsnowmakingabilitiesaspartofa$15

millionstatewideprogramthatreplacedmanyoutdatedsnowgunswithnew,low-energymodels.Thesenewmachineswillalsoim

provethequalityofsnowsurfacesandlengthentheseason,meaningthiswillbeoneofthebestwintersforskiingandridinginVermontinrecentmemory.1.Whatsimilaritie

sdothefirsttwoplaceshave?A.Theyaredecoratedwithlights.B.Theyoffersnowsculptures.C.Theyhavethree-dayfestivals.D.Theya

reextremelycold.2.WhichprovidesagoodchancetobuyaChristmasgift?A.Harbin.B.Lyon.C.Lima.D.Vermont.3.What’snewtotheresor

tsinVermont?A.Skiingandsnowboarding.B.Alongerwinter.C.Cookingschools.D.Updatedequipment.【答案】1.A2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了

这个冬天可以去游玩的四个地方，以及每个地方的特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“2021marksthe37thHarbinHarbinInternationalIceandSnowSculpture

Festival(January﹣March),whenmassivefrozenstructuresriseandarelitup,transformingthecityintoawinterwonderlan

d.(2021年是第37届哈尔滨国际冰雪雕塑节（1﹣3月），巨大的冰冻建筑拔地而起，点亮灯光，将哈尔滨变成冬季的仙境)”和第二段的“That’swhentheannualFestivalofLights(aroundDecember8)takesover,withl

ightinstallations(装置)thattransformthecity’sstreetscapesintomodernworksofart.(届时，一年一度的灯节(12月8日左右)将举行，灯

光装置将城市的街景变成现代艺术作品)”可知，哈尔滨和里昂的特点是都会用灯来对其进行装饰。A.Theyaredecoratedwithlights.(它们都用灯装饰)符合以上说法，故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“Thecityi

salsohometotwoChristmasmarkets(oneinLaCroix-Rousse;theotheratthePlaceCarnot;throughDecember25).(这座城市还有两个

圣诞集市（一个在拉克罗瓦罗西，另一个在PlaceCarton,一直到12月25日）)”可知，在里昂购买圣诞礼物是非常棒的，因为它有圣诞集市。B.Lyon.(里昂)符合以上说法，故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Winter

inVermontmeansskiingandsnowboarding,Manyresorts(度假胜地)havegreatlyupgradedtheirsnowmakingabilitiesaspartofa$15mil

lionstatewideprogramthatreplacedmanyoutdatedsnowgunswithnew,low-energymodels.(Vermont的冬天意味着滑雪和单板滑雪。作为一项耗资1500万美元的全州计划的一

部分，许多度假村大大提高了它们的造雪能力，该计划用新的、低能耗的型号取代了许多过时的雪枪)”可知，Vermont更新了滑雪设备。D.Updatedequipment.(更新的设备)符合以上说法，故选D项。BI’veworkedinthefactoriessurroundingmyh

ometowneverysummersinceIgraduatedfromhighschool,butmakingthetransition(转变)betweenschoolandfull-timeblue-collarworkduringthe

breaknevergetsanyeasier.Forastudentlikemewhoconsidersanyclassbeforenoontobeuncivilized,gettingtoafactoryby6o'clockeachmorningistortur

e.MyfriendsneverseemtounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.There’refewpeopleasself-confidentas

acollegestudentwhohasneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peoplemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.Infact,allt

heclassesdidnotpreparemeformybattleswiththemachineIranintheplant,whichwouldjamwheneverIabsent-mindedlyputinapartbac

kwardorupsidedown.Themoststressfulthingaboutblue-collarlifeisknowingyourjobcoulddisappearovernight.Issueslikedownsizing(裁员)andove

rseasrelocationhadalwaysseemeddistanttomeuntilmyco-workerstoldmethattheunitIwasworkinginwouldshutdownwithin

sixmonthsandmovetoMexico,wherepeoplewouldworkfor60centsanhour.Afterworking12-hourshiftsinafactory,theotheroptionshave

becomeonlytooclear.WhenI’mbackattheuniversity,skippingclassesandturninginlazyre-writesseemstooirresponsibleafterseeingwhatIwouldbedoingwithoutschoo

l.Alltheadviceandpublic-serviceannouncementsaboutthevalueofaneducationthatusedtosoundstalenowringtrue.TheselessonsI’mlearning,howeverva

luable,arealwaystinged(带有)withsenseofguilt.ManypeoplepasstheirlivesintheplaceswhereIbrieflywork,spending30yearswhereIspendonlytwomonthsatatim

e.“Thisjobpayswell,butit’shellonthebody,”saidoneco-worker.“Studyhardandkeepreading,”sheadded.Myexperienc

esinthefactorieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood4.Howdidtheauth

orlookbackonhissummerdayswhileatcollege?A.Theybroughthimnothingbuttorture.B.Theywerenoholidayforhimatall.C.Theywerearelieffr

omhishardworkatschool.D.Theyofferedhimachancetoknowmorepeople.5.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutcollegestudents?A.Theyexpecttoomuchfromtherea

lworld.B.Theyhavelittleinterestinblue-collarlife.C.Theythinktoohighlyofthemselves.D.Theyareconfidentoftheir

future.6.What,accordingtotheauthor,ismostfrustratingforblue-collarworkers?A.Theydonothavejobsecurity.B.Theydonotgetdecentpay

.C.Theyhavetowork12-hourshifts.D.Theyhavetomovefromplacetoplace.7.Inwhatimportantwayhastheauthor’sworkexperience

changedhim?A.Helearnedtobemorepractical.B.Heacquiredasenseofurgency.C.Hecametorespectblue-collarworkers.D.Hecametoappreciatehis

collegeeducation.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者曾在暑假期间去工厂做蓝领工人的经历，并且从这份经历中感悟的道理。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Myfriendsneverseemt

ounderstandwhyI’msorelievedtobebackatschoolorthatmysummervacationhasbeenanythingbutavacation.(我的朋友们似乎从来都不明白，为什么我回到学校后会如释重负，也不明白我的暑假完全不是一个假期)

”可知，对于作者来说，他的暑假根本不像是真正的暑假。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“There’refewpeopleasself-confidentasacollegestudentwhohasneverbeenoutintherealworld.Peo

plemyagealwaysseemtooverestimatethevalueoftheirtimeandknowledge.(很少有人像尚未踏足社会的大学生一样自信。我这个年龄的人似乎总是高估了他们的

时间和知识的价值)”可知，作者认为现在的大学生往往高估了自己的价值。故选C。.6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Themoststressfulthingaboutblue-collarlifeisknowingyourjobcoulddisapp

earovernight.(蓝领生活中压力最大的事情就是知道你的工作可能会在一夜之间消失)”可知，蓝领工作最让人沮丧的就是可能会一夜之间失去工作，缺乏安全性和稳定性。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Myexperiencesinthefac

torieshaveinspiredmetomakethemostofmycollegeyearsbeforeIentertherealworldforgood.(我在工厂的经历激励我在进入真实世界之前充分利用我的大学时光)”可知，工厂

工作的经历让作者更加珍惜在校学习、接受教育的机会。故选D。CPresidentCoolidge’sstatement,“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness,”stillpointstoanimport

anttruthtoday-thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestige（威望）inAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingthegovernment.Whydob

usinessinstitutionspossessthisgreatprestige?OnereasonisthatAmericansviewbusinessasbeingmorefirmlybasedontheidealofcompetitionthanotherinstitutionsin

society.Sincecompetitionisseenasthe.majorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsareres

pected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself.itisthemeans(by)whichotherbasicAmericanvaluesuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunityandhardworkar

eprotected.Competitionprotectsthefreedomoftheindividualensuringthatthereisnomonopoly（垄断）ofpower.Incontrasttooneall-powerfulgovernment，manybusinesses

competeagainsteachotherforprofitsTheoretically,ifonebusinesstriesto.takeunfairadvantageofitscustomers,itwilllose

tocompetingbusinesswhichtreatsitscustomersmorefairly.Wheremanybusinessescompeteforthecustomers’dollars,theycannotaffordtotreatthemlikeinferi

orsorslaves.Acontrastoftenmadebetweenbusiness,whichiscompetitive,andgovernment,whichisamonopoly,Becausebusi

nessiscompetitive,manyAmericansbelievethatitismoresupportiveoffreedomthangovernment,eventhoughgovernmentleadersareelectedbythepeopleandbusinesslead

ersarenot.ManyAmericansbelieve,then,thatcompetitionisasimportant,orevenmoreimportant,thandemocracy（民主）inpreservingfreedom.Competitioninbusinessisal

sobelievedtostrengthentheidealofequalityofopportunity.Competitionisseenasanopenandfairracewheresuccessgoestotheswiftestpersonreg

ardlessofhisorhersocialclassbackground.Businessisthereforeviewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofop

portunityratherthanthearistocratic(贵族的)idealofinheritedprivilege.【8.Thestatement“ThebusinessofAmericaisbusiness”probablymeans________.A.Americaisa

greatpowerinworldbusinessB.BusinessisofprimaryconcerntoAmericansC.ThebusinessinstitutionsinAmericaareconcernedw

ithcommerceD.BusinessproblemsareofgreatimportancetotheAmericangovernment9.Americansbelievethattheycanrealizetheirpersonalvalueso

nly________.A.byprotectingtheirindividualfreedomB.whengivenequalityofopportunityC.bywayofcompetitionD.throughdoingbusiness10.Whoc

anbenefitfrombusinesscompetition?A.Peoplewithidealsofequalityandfreedom.B.Bothbusinessinstitutionsandgovernment.C.HonestbusinessD.Bothbusine

ssmenandtheircustomers.11.Itcanbeinferredfromcountriesthattheauthorbelieves________.A.inmanycountriessuccessoftendependsonone’ssocial

statusB.businessesinothercountriesarenotascompetitiveasthoseinAmericaC.Americanbusinessesaremoredemocraticthanthoseinothercoun

triesD.Americansaremoreambitiousthanpeopleinothercountries【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。美国社会商业机构比包括政府在内的其他任何形式的组织，有更多的威望。文章介绍了为什么商业

机构拥有如此高的声望。【8题详解】句意猜测题。根据第一段中“thatbusinessinstitutionshavemoreprestige（威望）inAmericansocietythananyotherkindoforganization,includingtheg

overnment.”可知，在美国社会商业机构比包括政府在内的其他任何类型的组织，有更多的威望，说明美国人很关注商业，故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Competitionisnotonlygoodinitse

lf.itisthemeans(by)whichotherbasicAmericanvaluesuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunityandhardworkareprotected.”可知，竞争本身不仅是好事。它是美国其他基本

价值观如个人自由、机会平等和努力工作得到保护的手段，由此可知，美国人可以通过商业竞争实现他们的个人价值，故选C。【10题详解】直接理解题。第三段中“Competitionisnotonlygoodin

itself.itisthemeans(by)whichotherbasicAmericanvaluesuchasindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunityandhardwor

kareprotected.”可知，商业竞争不仅对自身有好处，它还提供给顾客更多的机会等，由此可知，商人和顾客都会受到好处，故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Businessisthereforev

iewedasanexpressionoftheideaofequalityofopportunityratherthanthearistocratic(贵族的)idealofinheritedprivilege.”（竞争被视为一种公开和公平的竞争，

在这种竞争中，成功属于反应最快的人，而不管他或她的社会阶层背景如何）可知，作者认为在许多国家，成功往往取决于一个人的社会地位，故选A。【点睛】DPeoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonaliti

esandbehaviorsareformed.It’snoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheris

competitive.Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesofquestions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepo

ssesscertaincharacteristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinctschoolsofthoughto

nthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpectthetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdealofdebatebetweenpropo

nentsofeachtheory.Thecontroversyisoften(conveniently)referredtoas“nature/nurture”.Thosewhosupportthe“n

ature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,i

fanything,todowithourabilities,characteristics,andbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehavior

ispredeterminedtosuchagreatdegreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourInstincts.Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftenca

lledbehaviorists,claimthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanourbiologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Behavioristsseehumansa

sbeingwhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Theirviewofthehumanbeingisquitemechanistic;theymaintaint

hatlikemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.Thesocialandpoliticalimpl

icationsofthesetwotheoriesareprofound.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,blacksoftenscorebelowwhitesonstandardizedintelligencetest.Thisleadssome“nature”pr

oponentstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallyinferiortowhites.Behaviorists,incontrast,saythatthedifferencesinscoresar

eduetothefactthatblacksareoftendeprivedofmanyoftheeducationalandotherenvironmentaladvantagesthatwhiteenjoy,andthat,asaresult,theydonot

developthesameresponsesthatwhitesdo.Neitherofthesetheoriescanyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itisquitelikelythatt

hekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwoextremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscerta

in.12.Theauthorismainlyconcernedaboutsolvingtheproblem________.A.whyone’sbehaviorsdifferfromothers’B.whatmakesdifferentstageso

fintelligenceC.howsocialscientistsformdifferenttheoriesD.whatcausesthe“nature/nurture”controversy13.Theword“proponents”canbestbereplacedby_______

_.A.approachesB.advocatesC.principlesD.characters14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthebehaviorists?A.Theybelievehuman

beingsaremechanical.B.Theycompareourbehaviorstothemachines.C.Theysuggestthatwereacttotheenvironmentasthemachinesdo.D.Theyupholdthatt

hemechanistictheorycanbeappliedonusaswell.15.The“nature”theoristsbelievethattheblacks’lowscores________.A.aretheresultof

theeducationaldisadvantagesB.havenothingtodowiththeirtrueintelligenceC.areanindicationoftheblacks’poorintelligenceD.havenothingto

dowithfactorsotherthaninstincts【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人的性格和行为模式是如何形成的，是什么决定了每个人的性格行为与他人不同。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文文意，以及第一段“Peoplehavewonde

redforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviorsareformed.It’snoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanotherisnot,orwhyoneiscoo

perativeandanotheriscompetitive.”（长期以来，人们一直想知道他们的性格和行为是如何形成的。很难解释为什么一个人聪明而另一个人不聪明，或者为什么一个人合作而另一个人竞争。）和第二段“Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharact

eristicsandexhibitcertainbehaviors.”（他们想解释为什么我们拥有某些特征并表现出某些行为。）可知，本篇文章主要讲述了人的性格和行为模式是如何形成的，是什么决定了每个人的性格行为与他人不同，故选

A。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“Asonemightexpectthetwoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatd

ealofdebatebetweenproponentsofeachtheory.”（正如人们所预料的那样，这两种方法是非常不同的，每一种理论的proponents之间都有大量的争论。）以及第三段中“Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflict

believethatourpersonalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicalandgeneticfactors.”（那些支持“天

性”观点的人认为，我们的性格和行为模式在很大程度上是由生物和遗传因素决定的。）可知，两派的支持者间有大量的争论，由此可知，划线词为“支持者”的意思，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Be

havioristsseehumansasbeingwhosebehaviorisalmostcompletelyshapedbytheirsurroundings.Theirviewofthehumanbeingisq

uitemechanistic;theymaintainthatlikemachines,humansrespondtoenvironmentalstimuliasthebasisoftheirbehavior.”（行为主义者认为人类的

行为几乎完全受周围环境的影响。他们对人的看法是相当机械的；他们坚持认为，像机器一样，人类对环境刺激的反应是他们行为的基础。）可知，行为主义者认为人们像机器一样对周围环境的刺激做出反应，故选C。【15题详解】细节理解

题。根据第三段中“Takentoanextreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosuchagreatdegreethatweare

almostcompletelygovernedbyourInstincts.”（极端地说，这个理论认为我们的行为，在很大程度上是预先决定的，以至于我们几乎完全受本能的支配。）和倒数第二段“Thislead

ssome“nature”proponentstoconcludethatblacksaregeneticallyinferiortowhites.”（这导致一些“天然派”支持者得出结论，黑人在基因上不如白人。）可知，“天然派”

支持者认为人们的行为除了本能之外和其他因素没有关系，黑人的低分是基因问题，与本能以外的因素无关。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项

。Inthemoviesandontelevision,artificialintelligenceistypicallyrelatedtoautomationandthelossofjobs,butarecentsurveyfoundthatcompaniescurrentlyuseAI

moreoftenincomputer-to-computeractivitiesthaninautomatingorreplacinghumanactivities.HereareafewotherwaysAIisaidingcompanieswit

houtreplacingemployees.BetterhiringpracticesCompaniesareusingAItoremovesomeunconsciousbiasfromhiringdecisions,Thereareexperimentst

hatshowthattheresultsofinterviewsaremuchmorebiasedthanwhatAIdoes.____16____OnecompanycalledBlendoorusesAItohelpidentifyw

heretheremaybebiasinthehiringprocess.MoreeffectivemarketingSomeAIsoftwarecananalyzeandoptimizemarketingemailsubjectlinestoincreaseopenrates.On

ecompanyintheUKPhrasee,claimstheirsoftwarecanoutperformhumansbyupto10percentintermsofemailopenrates.Thiscanmeanm

illionsmoreintaxation.____17____Thesearetoolsthathelppeopleusedata.SavingcustomersmoneyEnergycompaniescanuseAItohelpcusto

mersreducetheirelectricitybills.Companiescanalsooptimizetheirownenergyuseandcutdownonthecostofelectricity.Insu

rancecompanies,meanwhile,canbasetheirinsurancefeesonAImodelsthatspotrisksmoreaccurately.____18____Ortheywouldchargetoolittleandthenitwouldcostthecom

panymoney.ImprovedaccuracyMachinelearningoftenprovidesamorereliableformofstatisticswhichmakesdatamorevaluable.Ithelpspeo

plemakesmarterdecisions.____19____Thisprocess,alongwithemployeesreviewingthecontracts,isfasterandmoreaccurate.Protectingandmaintaininginfrast

ructureAnumberofcompanies,particularlyinenergyandtransportation,useAlimageprocessingtechnologytoinspectinfrastructureandpreventequipmentfailur

ebeforetheyhappen.“Iftheyfailfirstandthenyoufixthem,it’sveryexpensive,”saysDomingos.____20____.A.AIreplacestheboringpartso

fyourjob.Ifyou’redoingresearch,youcanhaveAIgooutandlookforrelevantsourcesandinformation.B.Oneaccountingfirm,EY,usesanAIsystemthathelpsreviewcon

tracts.C.TherearealsocompanieslikeAcquisto,whichanalyzesadvertisingperformancelandmakesadjustmentsorsuggestionsaboutwh

ereadvertisingfundswillleadtobestresults.D.Youwanttopredictifsomethingneedsattentionnowandpointtowhe

reit’susefulforemployeestogoto.E.Before,theymightnotensuretheoneswhofeltlikeahighriskorchargethemtoomuch.F.We’realsogivingou

rcustomersbetterchannelsversuspickingupthephonetoaccomplishsomethingbeyondhumanscale.G.AIlooksatresumesingreaternumbersthanhuman

swouldbeableto,andselectsthemorepromisingapplicants.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.B20.D【解析】,【分析】这是一篇说明文。在电影和电视中，人工智能通常与自动化和失业有关，但最近的一项调查发现，企业目前更多地将人工智能用于计算机

对计算机的活动，而不是自动化或取代人类活动。文章列举了一些人工智能在不取代员工的情况下帮助企业的情况。【16题详解】根据上文“CompaniesareusingAItoremovesomeunconsciousbi

asfromhiringdecisions,ThereareexperimentsthatshowthattheresultsofinterviewsaremuchmorebiasedthanwhatAIdoes.(一些公司正在使

用人工智能来消除招聘决定中的一些无意识偏见。有实验表明，面试结果比人工智能更有偏见)”以及后文“OnecompanycalledBlendoorusesAItohelpidentifywheretheremaybebiasinthehiringproces

s.(一家名为Blendoor的公司使用人工智能来帮助识别招聘过程中可能存在的偏见)”可知，上文提到了人工智能在招聘中能够消除无意识偏见的优势，可知本句应承接上文继续说明人工智能在这方面的优势。故G选项“人工智能看简历的数量比人类要多，它会挑选出更有前途的应聘者”符合语境，故

选G。【17题详解】根据上文“SomeAIsoftwarecananalyzeandoptimizemarketingemailsubjectlinestoincreaseopenrates.OnecompanyintheUK,Phrasee,claimstheirsoftwareca

noutperformhumansbyupto10percentintermsofemailopenrates.Thiscanmeanmillionsmoreintaxation.(一些人工智能软件可以分析和优化营销电子邮件主题，以提高打开率。英国一家名为Phrasee的

公司声称，他们的软件在邮件打开率方面比人类高出10%。这意味着税收将增加数百万)”可知，上文列举了可以分析和优化营销电子邮件主题的人工智能软件，可知本句与上文并列，都是在列举这样的软件。故C选项“还有像Acquisto这样的公司，他们会分析广告表现，并就广告资

金在哪里能带来最好的结果做出调整或建议”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“EnergycompaniescanuseAItohelpcustomersreducetheirelectricitybi

lls.Companiescanalsooptimizetheirownenergyuseandcutdownonthecostofelectricity.Insurancecompanies,meanwhile,canbasetheirinsurancef

eesonAImodelsthatspotrisksmoreaccurately.(能源公司可以利用人工智能帮助客户降低电费。公司也可以优化自己的能源使用，降低电力成本。与此同时，保险公司可以根据更准确地发现风险的人工智能模型来收取保险费用)”以

及后文“Ortheywouldchargetoolittleandthenitwouldcostthecompanymoney.(或者他们收取的费用太少，公司就会因此损失资金)”可知，后文提到了收取费用太少的情况，可知本句是在说明收费过多的情况，故E选项“在此之前，他们可能

不会确保那些感觉风险高的人，或者收取他们太多的费用”符合语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文“Machinelearningoftenprovidesamorereliableformofstatisticswhichmakesdatamorevaluable.Ithel

pspeoplemakesmarterdecisions.(机器学习通常提供一种更可靠的统计形式，使数据更有价值。它帮助人们做出更明智的决定)”以及后文“Thisprocess,alongwithemployeesreviewingthecontracts,isfasterandmor

eaccurate.(这个过程，连同雇员审查合同，是更快和更准确的)”可知，后文提到了审查合同，B选项中reviewcontracts对应后文中reviewingthecontracts。故B选项“E

Y会计师事务所使用人工智能系统来帮助审查合同”符合语境，故选B。【20题详解】根据上文“Anumberofcompanies,particularlyinenergyandtransportation,useAlimagep

rocessingtechnologytoinspectinfrastructureandpreventequipmentfailurebeforetheyhappen.“Iftheyfailfirstandthenyoufixthem,it’sveryexpens

ive,”saysDomingos.(许多公司，特别是在能源和交通领域，使用Al图像处理技术检查基础设施，防止设备故障发生。Domingos说：“如果它们先失败了，然后再修复，成本会非常高。”)”可知，上文提到了Domingos

对于AI图像处理技术检查基础设施的看法，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明他对此的评价。故D选项“你想预测现在是否有什么事情需要关注，并指出哪些地方对员工有用”符合语境，故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读

下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。“Lifeisprecious....Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife,andift

heyentrustmewiththatlife,howcouldIrefusethat____21____,sayingI’mcold,hungry,ortired?”ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalooki

ntotheheartofthis____22____woman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhard____23____.Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQia

ozhiwasdeeply____24____byhermother’sdeath.Atage18,____25____followingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethemaj

orityofgirls,shechosetostudymedicine.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?Findingagoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!

”herbrother____26____,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedical

Collegewiththehighestprize.She____27____becamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidenthysicianinthePUMCHospital.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttost

udyinEuropeandthen,intheUS.Shegreatly____28____herAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,however,____29____theoffer.Shewantedtoserve

thewomenandchildren____30____.ThenewPoeple’sRepublicofChina____31____DrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.ShewaselectedtobethefirstNationalPeopl

e’sCongressandheldmanyimportant____32____.Herheart,however,was____33____.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresear

chandtrainingdoctors.ThoughLinQiaozhinevermarried,shewasknownasthe“motheroftenthousandbabies,”havingdeliveredover50.000babiesin

herlifetime.DrLindidnotretireuntilthedayshe____34____,22April1983.Evenasshelaydying;her____35____thoughtswereforothers.21.A

.beliefB.trustC.feelingD.virtue22.A.oldB.professionalC.amazingD.single23.A.choicesB.timesC.factsD.businesses24.A.encouragedB.touchedC

.disturbedD.affected25.A.regardlessofB.insteadofC.aheadofD.inspiteof26.A.doubtedB.wonderedC.complainedD.insis

ted27.A.immediatelyB.surprisinglyC.eventuallyD.suddenly28.A.enviedB.shockedC.appreciatedD.impressed29.A.dislikedB.reje

ctedC.withdrewD.made30.A.inneedB.atschoolC.inhospitalD.athome31.A.preventedB.hadC.sawD.caught32.A.positionsB.activitiesC.meetingsD.records33.A.no

whereB.anywhereC.everywhereD.elsewhere34A.passedawayB.passedbyC.passedoutD.passedoff35A.realB.finalC.positiveD.anxious【答案】

21.B22.C23.A24.D25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了林巧稚医生的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说，没

有什么比他们的生命更珍贵，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说我又冷又饿又累，拒绝这种信任呢？A.belief信念；B.trust信任；C.feeling感觉，感受；D.virtue美德。由前文“iftheyentrustm

ewiththatlife”可知，此处指的是人们对林巧稚的信任。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：林巧稚医生的这些话让我们了解了这位了不起的女性的内心，以及是什么让她经历了艰难的选择。A.old旧的，老的；B.professio

nal职业的；C.amazing了不起的；D.single单身的。根据文章第一句话和后文介绍的林巧稚的突出成就，我们知道她是一个了不起的女性。故选C。..【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.choices选择；B.time

s时光；C.facts事实；D.businesses生意。根据后文“shechosetostudymedicine.”和文章的描述可知，此处指林巧稚做出了一些艰难抉择。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个五岁的小女孩，林巧稚深受母亲去世的影响。A.encou

raged鼓励；B.touched感动；C.disturbed打扰；D.affected影响。由后文“byhermother’sdeath.”可知，五岁时，林巧稚的母亲去世了，这对她有很大的影响。故选D。【25题详解

】考查介词短语辨析。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。A.regardlessof不管，不顾；B.insteadof代替；而不是；C.aheadof早于；D.inspiteof虽然。

由后文“shechosetostudymedicine.”可知，因为林巧稚学医了，这与大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路不一样，所以此处需用insteadof。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为什么女孩子要学

那么多？找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标！”想到高昂的学费的弟弟抱怨道。A.doubted怀疑；B.wondered想知道；C.complained抱怨；D.insisted坚持。由后文“thinkingofthehightuitionfees.”可知，因为学医费用昂贵，所以弟弟对姐姐学

医的决定开始抱怨。故选C。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院（PUMC）住院医师的女性。A.immediately立刻；B.surprisingly令人惊讶地；C.eventually最

终；D.suddenly突然。根据前文“Eightyearslater,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollegewiththehighestprize.”可知，林巧稚医学院一毕业，就成为了一名北京协和医院（PUMC）住院医师。故选A。【2

8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来。A.envied嫉妒；B.shocked使吃惊；C.appreciated感激，欣赏；D.impressed给……留下印象。由后文“whoinvitedhertostay

.”可知，因为她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象，所以美国同事邀请她留下来。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，林巧稚医生拒绝了这一提议。A.disliked不喜欢；B.rejected拒绝；C.withdrew撤退；D.made制作。由转折副词however

可知，林巧稚拒绝了美国同事的挽留。故选B。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她想为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。A.inneed困难的，有需要的；B.atschool在学校；C.inhospital住院；D.athome在家。前文说美

国医院想要挽留林巧稚，但她拒绝了。由此可知，此处表示她想回家，为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中华人民共和国成立见证了林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。A.prevented阻止；B.had有；C.saw目睹

，见证；D.caught抓住。根据后文“DrLinQiaozhiplayingakeyrole.”可知，中华人民共和国成立见证了林巧稚发挥了更大的作用。故选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，担任过许多重要职务。A.

positions职位；B.activities活动；C.meetings会议；D.records记录。由前文“ShewaselectedtobethefirstNationalPeople’sCongress”可知，因为林巧稚

当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，所以此处表示她担任过很多重要职务。故选A。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的心却在别处。A.nowhere没有地方；B.anywhere任何地方；C.everywhere所有地方；D.elsewhere在别处。由后文“Shewasmoreint

erestedintendingpatients,publishingmedicalresearchandtrainingdoctors.”可知，虽然担任很多重要职务，但她更对医学感兴趣，所有此处表示心在别处。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨

析。句意：林巧稚医生直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。A.passedaway去世；B.passedby经过；C.passedout昏倒；D.passedoff顺利进行。根据后文“Evenasshelaydying”和常识可知，林巧稚医生于1983年4月22日去世。故选A。【35题详解】考查

形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在她弥留之际，她最后的想法还是为别人着想。A.real真实的；B.final最后的；C.positive积极的；D.anxious着急的。由前文“Evenasshelaydying”可知，因为在弥留之际，所有此处指的是林巧稚医生最

后的想法，此时她想到的还是别人。故选B。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Wereyouthefirstorthelastchildinyourfamily?Orwereyouamiddleoranonlyc

hild?Somepeoplethink____36____matterswhereyouwereborninyourfamily.Buttherearedifferentideasabout____37____birthordermeans.Somepeoplesaythattheo

ldestchildren,____38____aresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely____39____(succeed).Thereason____40____thisissimple.Parentshavealoto

ftimeforthefirstchild,andgivehimorheralotofattention.Anonlychildwillsucceedfor____41____samereason.Whathappens

totheotherchildreninthefamily?____42____(lose)inthecrowdsometimes,middlechildrendon’tgetsomuchattentionwhenafamily

hasmanychildren,sotheydon’tfeelthatimportant.Theyoungestchild,however,oftengetsspecial____43____(treat).Oftenthischildgrowsuptobefunny.B

utarecentstudysawthingsquite____44____(difference).Thestudyfoundthatfirstchildrenbelievedinfamilyrules.Theydidn’ttakemanychancesint

heirlives.Theyusually____45____(follow)orders.Rulesdidn’tmeanasmuchtolaterchildreninthefamily.Theytookchancesandth

eyoftendidbetterinlife.【答案】36.it37.what38.who39.tosucceed40.for41.the42.Lost43.treatment44.differently45.followed【解析】【分析】这是一篇说

明文。文章说明了孩子在家中的排行的影响。【36题详解】考查形式主语。句意：有些人认为你出生在家庭的哪个位置很重要。分析句子结构可知，此处句中“matters”是宾语从句谓语，主语从句“whereyouwere

borninyourfamily”是真正的宾语从句主语，故空处填需要填写形式主语，故填it。【37题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：但是关于出生顺序的含义有不同的观点。此句为宾语从句，且宾语从句中缺少宾语，指物，意为“什么”，故填what。【38题详解

】考查定语从句。句意：有些人说，年纪最大的孩子既聪明又意志坚强，很有可能成功。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为theoldestchildren，指人，在从句中作主语，故填who。【39题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：有

些人说，年纪最大的孩子既聪明又意志坚强，很有可能成功。belikelytodosth.为固定搭配，意为“有可能做某事”，该空用动词不定式形式，故填tosucceed。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：这原因很简单。thereasonfor...意为“……的理由”，为固定用法，故

填for。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：独生子女也会因为同样的原因而成功。根据空后的“samereason”可知，此空应该填定冠词，thesame(相同的)，故填the。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：当一个家庭有很多孩子的时候，中间的孩子有时

会在人群中消失，不会得到太多的关注，所以他们不会觉得自己很重要。belostin...意为“沉迷于……”，过去分词lost相当于形容词，表状态，在句中作状语，首字母大写，故填Lost。【43题详解】考查名词

。句意：然而，最小的孩子通常会得到特殊的待遇。根据空前的“getspecial”可知，此处应该填写名词作宾语，故填treatment。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：但最近的一项研究却有不同的看法。分析句子可知，此句缺少状语，故用副词形式修饰动词saw

，故填differently。【45题详解】考查时态。句意：他们通常服从命令。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时，故填followed。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华。北京时间2021年6月17日

9时22分，神舟十二号载人飞，请你写一封邮件向同为航天爱好者的英国笔友Mike分享这个消息，内容包括：1.神舟十二号载人飞船的历史意义（空间站建造阶段的首次载人飞行任务、三名航天员将完成为期三个月的天和核

心舱驻留等）；2.你的感想。参考词汇：神舟十二号飞船ShenzhouXIIspacecraft；空间站建设阶段spacestationconstructionphase;天和核心舱Tianhecoremodule注意：1.写作词数应为80

左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,___________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:DearMike,Asaspaceenthusiastl

ikeyou,Ireallycan’twaittosharewithyouamoststirringnewsthatChina’sShenzhouXIIspacecraftwaslaunchedintospacesuccessfullyat9:22am.,June1

7,2021Beijingtime.ThesuccessfullaunchofShenzhouXIIspacecraftiswithoutdoubtofgreathistoricsignificance.Notonlydoesitma

rkthefirstmannedspaceflightduringChina’sspacestationconstructionphase,carryingthreeastronautstoTianhecoremodule,wheretheyaretocompleteathree-monthmis

sion,butitalsoplaysacriticalroleintestingthetechnologiesandequipmentfortheconstructionofthespacestation.Itisthisgroundbreakinga

chievementthatmakesmerealizethatChinaisalwaysundertakingitsresponsibilityinfulfillingtheglobaldreamofex

ploringthespace,whichiswhatIamproudof.AndI’meagerlyexpectingmoregoodnewsabouttheShenzhouXIIprogram.Lookingforw

ardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mike写封信，与他分享神舟十二号载人飞船的消息。【详解】1.词汇积累激动人心的：exciting→stirring意义：meaning→sig

nificance完成：finish→complete决定性的：decisive→critical2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：ThesuccessfullaunchofShenzhouXIIspacecraftiswithoutdoubtofgrea

thistoricsignificance.拓展句：ShenzhouXIIspacecraftwaslanuchedsuccessfully，whichiswithoutdoubtofgreathistoric

significance.【点睛】[高分句型1]NotonlydoesitmarkthefirstmannedspaceflightduringChina’sspacestationconstructionphase,carryingthreeastrona

utstoTianhecoremodule,wheretheyaretocompleteathree-monthmission,butitalsoplaysacriticalroleintestingthetechnologiesand

equipmentfortheconstructionofthespacestation.（Notonly置于句首的倒装句；where引导的定语从句）[高分句型2]ItisthisgroundbreakingachievementthatmakesmerealizethatChinaisalwa

ysundertakingitsresponsibilityinfulfillingtheglobaldreamofexploringthespace,whichiswhatIamproudof.（强调句；which引导的定语从句）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，

根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Twomen,bothseriouslyill,occupiedthesamehospitalroom.OnemancalledBenwasallowedtositupinhisbedforanhour

eachafternoontohelpdrainthefluidfromhislungs.Hisbedwasnexttotheroom'sonlywindow.Theotherman,Leo,hadtospendallhistimeflatonhisback.Thementalkedfo

rhoursonend.Theyspokeoftheirwivesandfamilies,theirhomes,theirjobs,theirinvolvementinthemilitaryservice,wheret

heyhadbeenonvacation.AndeveryafternoonwhenBencouldsitup,hewouldpassthetimebydescribingtohisroommateallthethingshecouldseeoutsidet

hewindow.Leobegantoliveforthoseone-hourperiodswherehisworldwouldbebroadenedandlightenedbyalltheactivityandcoloroftheworld

outside.Thewindowoverlookedaparkwithalovelylake.Ducksandswansplayedonthewaterwhilechildrensailedtheirmodelboats.Younglover

swalkedarminarmamongflowersofeverycoloroftherainbow.Grandoldtreesgracedthelandscape,andafineviewofthecitycouldbeseeninthedis

tance.AsBendescribedallthisindetail,Leowouldclosehiseyesandimaginethebeautifulscene.OnewarmafternoonBendescribedap

aradepassingby.AlthoughLeocouldn'theartheband—hecouldseeitinhismind'seyeasthegentlemanbythewindowdescribeditwithdescriptivewords.Eachtimeth

enursesawthewarmandtouchingscene,shewasalwaysstruckbydevotedfriendshipbetweenthesetwomen.Daysandweekspass

ed.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右。2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Onemorning,thenursearrivedtocheckthetwomen,onlytofindthelifelessbodyofBen.________

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__________________________________________________________However,hecouldseenothingbutablankwallofanotherbuilding

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__________________________【答案】Para1:Onemorning,thenursearrivedtocheckthetwomen,onlytofindthelifelessbodyofBen.Afterhisdeath

,theroomwasfilledwithdeadsilence.Lyinginthebed,Leocouldn’thelpstaringattheonlywindow,tearspouringdownhischeeks.DyingtoseetheviewdescribedbyBen,Leoas

kedifhecouldbemovednexttothewindow.Thenursewashappytomaketheswitch,andaftermakingsurehewascomfortableshelefthimal

one.Painfully,heproppedhimselfupononeelbowandslowlyturnedtotakehisfirstlookattheworldthroughthewindow.Hethought

hewouldhavethejoyofseeingitforhimself.Para2:However,hecouldseenothingbutablankwallofanotherbuilding.Stunnedandparalyzed,Le

ocouldn’tbelievewhathethoughtwasabeautifulsceneturnedouttobejustablankwall.Afterall,Ben’sdescriptionsoftheoutsideworldweresoconv

incingandvivid.Whenheaskedthenursewhatcouldhaveforcedhisdeceasedroommatewhohaddescribedsuchwonderfulthingsoutsidethiswindow,thenurserespondedtha

tthemanwasblindandcouldnotevenseethewall.Shesaid,“Perhapshejustwantedtoencourageyou.”ItwasBen’sdevotedlovetohisdearfriendthatpic

turedaneverlastingrainbowinLeo’sworld.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了两个病重的男人住在同一间病房，一个Ben的人被允许每天下午在床上坐一个小时，帮助排出肺部的液体

。他的床紧挨着房间里唯一的窗户。另一个人，Leo不得不整天平躺着。每天Ben都会给Leo描述窗外的世界，Leo听着也很高兴。最后Ben去世了，Leo移到了窗边，才发现窗外只有一堵空墙，护士才告诉他Ben是盲人，甚至连墙都看不见。而正是Ben对他亲爱的朋

友的挚爱，才使他的世界里出现了一道永恒的彩虹。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“一天早上，护士来检查这两个人，却发现了Ben的尸体。”可知，第一段可描写Ben去世后，Leo申请移到窗边，他想透过窗户看外面的世界。②由第二段首句内容“然而，他什么也看不见，只看见另一座建筑物的空墙

。”可知，第二段可描写Leo看到窗外是墙之后的反应，当他问护士是什么促使他已故的室友描述窗外的美好事物时，护士回答说，Ben是盲人，甚至连墙都看不见。正是Ben对他亲爱的朋友的挚爱，才使他的世界里出现了一道永恒的彩虹。2.续写

线索：Ben去世——Leo移到窗边——Leo看到空墙——护士告知真相——Ben对他亲爱的朋友的挚爱，才使他的世界里出现了一道永恒的彩虹3.词汇激活行为类充满：befilledwith/befullof渴望：

dietodosth./longtodosth.回答：respond/reply情绪类吃惊：stunned/shocked高兴：happy/glad【点睛】[高分句型1]Stunnedandparalyzed,L

eocouldn’tbelievewhathethoughtwasabeautifulsceneturnedouttobejustablankwall.(运用了what引导宾语从句)[高分句型2]ItwasBen’sdevotedlove

tohisdearfriendthatpicturedaneverlastingrainbowinLeo’sworld.(运用了强调句)获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com