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2023年高一阅读表达专项训练1（基础训练）（1）Istillremembermyfirstdayofsecondgrade.Iwasledtoaclassroom.Noteacheryet.Girlstalkingandlaughing.Boys

playinggames.Itooksomepaperandapencil,pickedadesk,andwenttowork.Minuteslater,agirlcameoverandsatontopofmydesk."Whatareyoudoing?"shesaid.

"IamdoingFunwithNumber"Ireplied.ThenIrosefrommyseattogetmypencilsharpener.IhadnoideathatwhenIstood,thedeskwouldfalloverandhurtherleg.Her

namewasLucy.Fromthatdayonwegottoknoweachother,andshebecamemybestfriend.Nowwehavebeenclosefriendsformor

ethan60years.Weoftengettogetherandrecallthepast.SomeTVadvertisementstrytotelluswhatchildrenneedforschool,newshoes,clothes,andscho

olbags.Butreally,children'sneedsaresimple.Besidesthebasics—tobefed,caredfor,andloved-theyneedthegiftoffriends

hip.Foryears,Ifearedhowpeoplesawme.Butoneday,IfinallyunderstoodIdidn'tneedtobesmartorprettyorpopular,butjustneededtobekind.MygrandsonWilliamrecentlyf

inishedhispreschoolandreceivedaprizefor"friendship".EvenanOlympicmedalwouldn'tmakemeprouder!Ithinkchildrenneedtoknowthattheyare

loved.Theyneedtoknowtheyhavealltheyneedandthatthebestwaytowinfriendsistobekind.1．WhenandwheredidtheauthormeetLucyforthefirsttime?(No

morethan15words)_____________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________2．WhatwastheauthordoingwhenLucycameover?(Nomorethan10words)_

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________3．HowdoLucyandtheauthorkeeptheirfriendshipgrowing?(Nomorethan10words)_________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．Besidesthe

basics,whatdochildrenneedforahappyschoollife?(Nomorethan18words)______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．Inyour

opinion,whatisthebestwaytowinfriends?(Nomorethan20words)_____________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________（2）Kati

ealwaysfelttherehadtobesomethingmoretolifethanjustpartying,buyingclothesanddrivingacoolcar.Shefinallydiscoveredwhatshewasmissingoutonwhensh

etraveledhalfwayaroundtheworldtohelppoorkids.Whenshewas14,shediscoveredaclubatschoolcalledOperationSmile,anorganizatio

nthatsupportsfreeoperationforfaciallydeformed(面部畸形的)kidsindevelopingcountries.Atthattime,shejoinedOperationSmilejust

tosatisfyherschool’scommunityservicerequirement.AfterworkingwithOperationSmileforawhile,shelearneddifferentcoun

trieshavedifferentdeformities.Themoreshelearnedaboutwhataffectskidsaroundtheworld,themoreshewantedto

goabroadwithOperationSmile.At15,shewaschosentogoabroad.Beforehertrip,sheattendedaweekend“mission(使命)training”.Tha

t’swhenshewastoldshe’dbegoingtothePhilippines.Althoughshewasexcited,onenightduringtraining,shebrokedownintears.Shefeltpityforallthoseunfortunatekid

s.AfterherarrivalinthePhilippines,shemetthekidswaitingforoperation,andtheywererunningaroundandhappy.Itseemednormal

.Herjobwastoplaywiththekidsbeforetheiroperationtohelpthemfeelmorerelaxed.Shealsowenttonearbyschoolstohandouttoot

hbrushesandteachstudentshowtobrushtheirteeth.Whentheiroperationwasover,thekidswerealwaysoverjoyed,buttheirparentswer

eblownaway.Sometimestheycouldn’tevenrecognizetheirkidsbecausetheirappearanceshadimprovedsomuch.Theywouldcryandhugth

edoctorsandnursesandgivethempresents—theyweresograteful.1．Accordingtothetext,whatis“OperationSmile”?(Nomorethan15words)______

______________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________2．WhatwasKatie’soriginalpurposeinjoiningOperationSmile?(Nomorethan10word

s)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________3．WhydidKatiebreakdownintearsonenightduringtraining?(Nomorethan10words)_______________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________4．WhatdidKatiedotohelprelaxthosekids?(Nomorethan8words)________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________5．Wouldyouliketojointheclub?why?(Nomorethan20words)____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_（3）TheenvironmentalgroupHealtheBayorganizedabeachclean-up.AndIwasoneofthevolunteers.WewenttoVeniceBeachtocleanupthetrash.At

firstglance,thebeachdidn'tlookdirtyatall.ButthenIsawaStyrofoam(泡沫)cuphalfburiedinthesandonthebeach.Ipulledhardandfinallygotitout.Aswemovedfa

rther,wefoundpiecesofStyrofoamspreadalloverthesand.TheHealtheBayrepresentativehadtoldusthattheselittlepiecesofStyrofoamandothersmallpiecesofp

lasticarewhatactuallyharmsealifemost.Seaanimalseattheplastic.Aftereatingit,theythinktheyarefull.Asaresult,theycandieofstar

vationastheyarecheatedbytheirfeelinganddon’tthinktheyneedtoeatanyfood.Wekeptonpickingupthetrash.ThenIsawsomeonewithafullHealtheBaytrashbagandIwentto

seewhatwasinside.WhenIopenedthetrashbag,Ifoundeverythingfromapairofoldjeansandabrownbelttoheadphoneandsomepl

asticbags.Itmademeveryangrywiththepeoplewholefttheirthingsbehindwithoutthinkingwhateffectstheymighthaveontheo

cean.Itisreallyimportanttoprotecttheocean.Theoceancovers70percentoftheEarth’ssurface.Acleanoceannotonlyhelpsanimalsintheoceansurvivebut

alsohelpsussurvive.Bynoon,thesunwasshiningandthetemperaturewasrising.ThevolunteersthathadspreadoutacrossVeniceBeachwerecomingbacktothrowthe

trashtheyhadcollectedintothetruck.Icouldnotbelievehowmuchtrashtherewas.Alltogetherwecollectedmorethan135bagsoftrash

.Idohopethatnexttimepeoplegotothebeach,theywillstoplittering.1．WhydidtheenvironmentalgroupgotoVeniceBeach?(Nomorethan6words)__

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"starvation"inParagraph2meaninEnglish?(1word)____________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________3．Howdidtheauthorfeelseeingthetrashinthatvolunteer'strashbagaccordingtoParagrap3?(Nomorethan5words)______________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________4．Howmuchtrashdidthevolunteercollectalltogetherthatday?(Nomoreth

an8words)______________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________5．Whatdoyouthinkofthrowingplastictrashonthebeach?Andwh

y?(Nomorethan25words)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________（4）OnceuponatimetherelivedakingcalledMinos.HeruledtheislandofCrete.Andheal

sohadaterriblemonster(怪兽)calledtheMinotaur：TheMinotaurlivedatthecenterofaverylargemaze(迷宫)．Ithadthebodyofaman

buttheheadofabull.Minoswasacruelking.Wheneverhewasbored，hewouldattack(进攻)anearbyislandcalledAthens.Inordertogetpeace，KingAegeusofAthensmade

adealwithKingMinos.IfMinosdidn’tattackAthens，hewouldsendsevenboysandsevengirlstoCreteeverynineyearstobeeatenbytheMinotaur.Itwastimeagaintosendthe

childrentoCrete.Theseus，thesonofKingAegeus，couldnotstandthissituation，anddecidedtogoastheseventhboyandkilltheMinotaur.Hepromisedhisfat

herthatifhewassuccessful，hewouldusewhitesails(船帆)insteadoftheblackonestoshowhewasalive.WhenarrivinginCrete，TheseusmetKingMin

os’daughtercalledAriadne.Shefellinlovewithhimandwantedtohelphim.SowhenthechildrenweresenttotheMinotaur，AriadnegaveThe

seusaballofstring(细绳)andaknife.Theseusleftalineofstringbehindhimwhenheenteredthemaze.Afterhekilledthem

onster，hefollowedthestringandgotoutofthemaze.Ariadnewaswaitingoutside.TheyquicklyranawaytogetherbeforeMinoscou

ldcatchthem.However，onthejourneyhome，Theseuswassofullofjoythatheforgottochangethecolorofthesails.AssoonasKingAegeussawtheblacksails，hewassoupse

tandjumpedintothesea.Sincethen，thatseahasbeencalledtheAegeanSeainmemoryofKingAegeus.1．WhohadtheMinotaur，KingAegeusorKingMinos?(No

morethan5words)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________2．WheredidtheMinotaurlive?(Nomorethan10words)___________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3．HowoftenwouldKingAegeussendsevenboysandsevengirlstoCreteaccordingtothedeal?(Nomorethan5words)_______________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________4．HowdidTheseusgetoutofthemazeafterhekilledthemonster?(Nomorethan12words)

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________5．WhydidKingAegeusfeelupsetandjumpintotheseaassoonashesawtheblacksails?(Nomorethan

15words)________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________（5）TheLomaxfamilyneededadog.Thoughtheirhousewasalreadyfullwithsev

enpeople,theyknewadogwouldtrulymakethehouseahome.SotheysettledonadogwhomtheynamedJack.Itturnedouttobethebestdecisiontheyevermade.

ItwasJack’sprotectiveinstinct(本能)thatwouldsavethelivesoftheLomaxfamily.Ifitwasn’tforhim,thefamilymayneverhavesur

vivedtheterribleaccidentthatwouldeventuallybefallonecoldJanuarydayin2020.Itwasanightlikemanyothers.Autumn,thefamily’syoungestchildandh

ermotherAshleyhadsettledintobedinoneofthebedroomsonthesecondfloor.Jack,whorarelyleftAutumn’sside,hadsettledin

thereaswell.Littledidtheyknowthatsomethingterriblewasabouttohappenthatnight.Whilethefamilywasfastasleep,afirehadstartedinoneoftheothersecondflo

orbedrooms.Jackhadpickedupawhiff(些微的气味)ofsmokeinthenextroom.Inaninstant,thebravedogjumpedintoaction.Thefour-leggedfamilyme

mberknewsomethingwaswrongbuthadnowayoftellinghisowners.HejumpedupAshley’sbedandbegantouchingherface.Shepushedhimoffherbedandtriedtorolloverbutheb

eganagain,untilshewasup.Assoonasshecould,AshleytookholdofAutumnandbegantomoveawayfromthedoor.Shescreamedatthetopofher

lungsassheranfromtheroom,alertingtherestofthefamilytothedisasterthatwastakingplace.Jackdidhispartagaintoo,barkingloudly.Ashley’sscreamsw

okethefourotheradultsandtwomorechildren.AllofthemheadedoutintothecoldJanuarynight.Innotime,thefirehadengulfed(吞没)nearlytheentirehome,butluckily,

allofthemhadmadeitoutalive,withJackleadingtheway.1．WhydidtheLomaxfamilyraiseadog?(Nomorethan15words)______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___2．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmeaninthe2ndparagraph?(Nomorethan3words)________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________3．W

hichfloordidJacksleep?(Nomorethan5words)______________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________4．WhatdidJackdow

henhesensedsomethingwrong?(Nomorethan10words)______________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________5．WhatdoyouthinkofJack?Pleaseexplain?(Nomorethan20words)___________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________（6）LiTaoisaChineseboystudyingintheUSA．Hereishisschoollifestory:WhenIstartedtolearnEnglishattheageof10,Ifel

tverycuriousabouttheEnglishlanguage.Sincethen,IhavebeenworkinghardatEnglish.Astimewentby,IlearnedmanystoriesaboutschoollifeinAmerica

frombooksandpictures.WhileIwaswatchingAmericanmovies,IoftenimaginedthatIcouldleadsuchagoodlifeasthecharacters.Iwassodeeplyimpressedbyth

emthatIwasdeterminedtogotheresomeday.Thenafterhighschool,IarrangedtoattendcollegeinCalifornia.HardlyhadtheplanelandedintheUSAwhenIrealizedthatmyd

reamcametrue.ThemomentIreachedmycollege,Ibecameexcitedaboutthenewenvironmentwithgoodfacilitiesandverybeautifulsceneries.However,thelifetherewasnot

whatIhadthoughttobe.NotuntilIsawsomestudentsstrugglingwithproblemsdidIknowtherealAmericanschoollife.Itwasnotmydreamworld.Ifoundthat

somepeoplewereworkinghardinorderthattheycouldpasstheexams.Itwasn’tlongbeforeIhadmyowndifficulties.Oneo

fmydifficultieswasP.E.lessonsbecauseIwasnotgoodatsports.AmericanteenagersspendalotoftimeindoingsportswhileweCh

inesestudentsdevotesomuchtimetoourstudies.SoIfeltquitelonelyandunconfident.Oneday,theinstructoraskedmetohitthevolleyballtomytea

mmatessothattheycouldknockitoverthenet.Noproblemformostpeople,butitterrifiedme.Iwasafraidofdoingit.Ijuststoodtherestiffly(僵硬地

).Finally,withtheencouragementofmyteammates,Imadeit.Itwasabout6monthsbeforeIbecameusedtotheschoollifeintheUSA．Ibelieve:w

hateveryoudo,youmusttryyourbestandwherethereisawill,thereisaway.”1．Accordingtothepassage,whendidLiTaobegintolearnEnglish?(N

omorethan4words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________2．WheredidLiTaoarrangetoattendcollege?(Nomorethan2words)___________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“terrified”meaninEnglish?(Nomorethan3words)__________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________4

．HowlongdidittakeLiTaogetusedtotheschoollifeinAmerica?(Nomorethan3words)______________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5．

HowdoesLiTao’sstoryinspireyoutoovercomedifficultiesinyourschoollife?(Nomorethan15words)_____________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________（7）ThemostwonderfulthingthathascomeintomylifeisaGoldenRetrievercalledBonny.BonnyhasbeentrainedbyanorganizationcalledAssista

nceDogsforIndependence,soshecouldhelpmebecomeindependent.Ioftenrelyonotherpeopleinmylife,anditevenkeepsmefrommakingmyown

decisionsinmostsituations.Why?Becausewhenyouhavetodependonothers,thedecisiondoesnotbecometotallyyours.IdevelopedCerebralPalsy(脑瘫)attheageoftwelvemont

hsasaresultoffoodpoisoning(中毒).Thatmademephysicallydisabled,makingmetotallyrelyonothers.Becauseofthat,Ioftenfeltsad.Iconsideredmyselftob

euselessandwasofteninalowmood.MyrecentvisittotheSpasticCentrewithBonnycausedthetherapists(治疗师)tonoticethechangeinmyattitudeandmood.T

heyalwaystriedtohelpmebecomepositive,buttheysaiditwasBonnythathadmadesuchadifference.TheyweresoimpressedthattheyinvitedmetotalktoAssist

anceDogsforIndependenceaboutsuchdogsbecausetheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikemewouldalsoneedtheassistanceofsuchadog.Itotally

agreedwiththemanddecidedtodothat.Thecostsofcarerswhoarepaidtohelppeoplelikemeareveryhigh.Andfamilymembersh

avetospendalotoftimetakingcareofsuchpeopleasme.WithsuchadogasBonny,thingscouldbemucheasier.However,Iwillstillneedthec

arers’helpinareaswhereadogcan’thelp.Ijustwanttosaysuchadogisreallyhelpfultosuchpeopleasme.1．Whycan’ttheauthormakehisowndecisionssometimes?(Nomore

than10words)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________2．HowdidtheauthordevelopCerebralPalsy?(Nomorethan10words)___

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“assistance”inParagraph3mean?(1word)_____

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________4．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcarersforsuchpeopleashim?(Nomorethan5words)_____________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________5．WhatdoyouthinkofsuchdogsasBonnyafterreadingthetext?Why?(Nomorethan20words)_________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________（8）Theoldmanwalkedslowlyintotherestaurant.Hispoorjacket,patched(打补丁的)trousers,andworn-

outshoesmadehimstandoutfromtheusualSaturdaymorningbreakfastcrowd.Unforgettablewerehispaleblueeyesthatsparkled(闪耀)likediamonds,largerosychee

ks,andthinlipsheldinasteadysmile.Withthehelpofhistrustycane(拐杖),hewalkedtowardatablebythewindow.AyoungwaitressnamedMarywatchedhimandranovertohim,a

ndsaid,“Here,Sir.Letmegiveyouahandwiththatchair.”Withoutaword,hesmiledandnoddedathankyou.Shepulledthechairawayfromthetable.Stead

yinghimwithonearm,shehelpedhimmoveinfrontofthechair,andgetcomfortablyseated.Thenshepushedthetableupclosetohim,andleanedhiscaneagainstthetable

wherehecouldreachit.Inasoft,clearvoicehesaid,“Thankyou,Miss.”“Youarewelcome,Sir.”Shereplied.“MynameisMary.I’llbebacki

namoment.Ifyouneedanything,justwaveatme!”Afterhehadfinishedaheartymealofpancakes,bacon,andhotlemontea,Mary

broughthimthechange,helpinghimupfromhischairandoutfrombehindthetable.Shehandedhimhiscane,andwalkedwithhimtothefrontdoo

r.Holdingthedooropenforhim,shesaid,“Comebackandseeus,Sir!”Henoddedathankyouandsaidsoftlywithasmile,“

Youareverykind!”WhenMarywenttocleanhistable,shewassurprised.Underhisplateshefoundabusinesscardandanotewritten

onthenapkin,underwhichwasa$100bill.Thenoteonthenapkinread...“DearMary,Irespectyouverymuch,andyourespectyourself,too.Itshowsbythewayyoutreatothers.You

havefoundthesecretofhappiness.Yourkindgestureswillshinethroughthosewhomeetyou.”Themanshehadservedwastheown

eroftherestaurant.Thiswasthefirsttimethatshe,oranyofhisemployees,hadseenhiminperson.1．Whohelpedtheoldmanintherestau

rant?(Nomorethan8words)_________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________2．Pleaseexplaintheunderlinedphrase“standout”inEng

lish.(Nomorethan5words)____________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________3．Howmuchdidtheoldmanleaveonthetable?(Nomoret

han2words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________4．Whodoyouthinktheoldmanwas?(Nomorethan10words)_________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________5．Accordingtothepassage,howdoyouunderstandthemeaningof“Happiness”？(Nomorethan20words)__________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________（9）ThefirsttimeIwentabroadwaswhenIwenttoLondon.Itwasinthesummerholidaysaboutfiveorsi

xyearsagoandIwentwithmyfriends.Theplaneandtrainwerequiteexpensive,sowedecidedtotravelbycoach.Weleftatfiveo'clockinthemorningandthejourne

ytoLondontookaboutsixteenhours.WestayedinLondonforthreedays,inayouthhostel（青年旅社）notfarfromthecentre.MyfriendsandIhadabigroomonthetopfloor.Thebed

swerenotverycomfortableandthebathroomwasverysmallbutithadawonderfulviewoverlookingtheThames.WhilewewereinLondonwewalkedalot.First,

wewenttoseeallthefamousattractions:BigBen,PiccadillyCircus,andBuckinghamPalace.ThenwewentshoppinginOxford

Street.OnthelastdaymyfriendsandIwenttoCamdenMarket.Youcanbuyallkindsofjewelryandclothesthere.Iboughtasilverringformysister.Itwasr

eallysunnyintheafternoon,sowewenttowatchafootballgame.Unfortunately,Ithinktheringfelloutofmypocketduringthegame,andIhadtobu

yanotherone.IreallyenjoyedvisitingLondonalthoughtheyouthhostelwasnotperfect.Nexttime,IwillstayattheRitzbutIwilleverfeelasexc

itedasIdidthatfirsttime.1．WhydidtheauthorgotoLondonbycoach?(Nomorethan10words)__________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Whatwastheadvantageofthea

uthor’sroomintheyouthhostel?(Nomorethan10words)__________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________3．What’sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwo

rd"attractions"inParagraph3?(Nomorethan5words)__________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________4．Howmanyringsdidtheaut

horbuy?(1word)__________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________5．What’syourimpressivejourney?Andwhatimpressedyoumost?(Nomoretha

n25words.)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________（10）ReadingwithRoverisareadingprogramwherechildrenreadtodogs.Inaddition

toReadingwithRover,whichisbasedonWashingtonstate,therearemanysuchreadingprogramsaroundthecountry.Thegoalofalltheseprogramsistoimprovetherea

dingskillsofchildrenwithreadingproblemsbyhavingchildrenreadtodogs.Whenreadingaloudintheclassroom,manychildrenwithreadingproblemsand

poorreadingskillsfeelfrightened.Theyhavelittleconfidenceinthemselvesandareafraidofbeinglaughedat.Theymayalsofeelthatreadingisdifficult

,boringandstressful(有压力的).However,whenchildrenreadtodogs,readingbecomesafunandnon-stressfulexperienceforboththechildrenandthedogs.Dogsdon’tcri

ticize(批评)，judgeorlaughatthechildren’sreadingability.ReadingwithRoverandotherprogramslikeithavebeena

hugesuccess,resultinginimprovedreadingskillsforanumberofparticipatingchildrenwithreadingproblems.Inadditiontomakinglearningen

joyable,whenchildrenreadtodogs,itincreasestheirsenseofself-confidence.ArecentresearchstudywasconductedbytheUniversityofCaliforni

a,whichconcludedthatwhenchildrenreadtodogs,itcanincreasetheirreadingskillsbythirtypercent.Childrenwhotookpartinthiss

tudyremarked,“IfeelrelaxedwhenI’mreadingtoadogbecauseIamhavingfun.”“Thedogsdon’tcareifyoureadreallybadl

ysoyoujustkeepgoing.”1．What’stheaimofReadingwithRover?(Nomorethan10words)______________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Whydoesreadingbecomeafunandnon-stressfulexper

iencewhenchildrenreadtodogs?(Nomorethan12words)_______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________3．WhataretheadvantagesofReadingwithRovera

ndotherprogramslikeit?(Nomorethan15words)___________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conducted

”meaninthefourthparagraph?(Nomorethan2words)_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________5．WhatdoyouthinkofReadingwithRoverandot

herprogramslikeit？Pleaseexplain.(Nomorethan25words)____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________（11）Puttingo

nweightcouldbeaside-effectofloneliness,researchsuggests.Women,whofeellonely,arehungrier,andtheyevenfindabigmea

llesssatisfying.Thiscouldbethebody’swayoftellingthemtoseekcompany,foreatinghasbeenasociableactivitythrougho

uthumanevolution.Theresearchersasked42womennottoeatovernight,andthengavethemalargebreakfast.Thewomenratedtheirhungerbeforeandaftertheirmeala

ndbloodsampleswhichrevealedtheirlevelsofghrelin---the“hungerhormone(激素)”.Asexpected,levelsofghrelinfellaftereatingandthenstarted

torise.However,therisewasmuchquickerinthelonelywomen,andtheymademuchmoreofthehormone.Theyalsosaidtheyfelthungrier.T

heysaid:“Theneedforsocialconnectionisessentialtohumannature.Asaresult,peoplemayfeelhungrierwhentheyfeelsociallydisconnected.”I

nterestingly,lonelinessonlymakesthinwomenhungrier.Ithasnoeffectontheappetiteofthosewhoarecorpulent.Itisn’t

clearwhythisis,butitispossiblethattheshamerelatedwithbeingfatmakessocializinglessvaluableforthem.Otherstudiessuggestyoushouldchooseyourcompa

nycarefullyatmealtimes.Ithasbeenshownthatwetendtomimic(模仿)ourdiningcompanion’seatinghabits,takingmouthfulsatthes

ametimeandeatingmorewhenourcompaniondoes.Thelinkwithappetitecouldhelpexplaintherangeofdevastatingeff

ectslonelinesscanhaveonhealth.Beingcutofffromfriendsandfamilycanraisebloodpressure,stressandtheriskofdepression,aswellasweakeningtheimmunesystem(免

疫系统)andaperson’sresistancetodisease(早老性痴呆).Overall,lonelinessisasdamagingassmokingornotexercising.1．Howwillthelonelype

oplereact,accordingtoParagraph1?(Nomorethan5words)________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________2．Whatdoesthebodywanttotellbybeinghungry?(Nomor

ethan7words)___________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________3．Whatisessentialtohumannature?(Nomore

than5words)____________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“corpulent”probablyme

an?(1word)________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________5．Whatdoyoutendtodowhilefeelinglonely?(Nomorethan30words)______________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________参考答案（1）【答案】1．Theymetintheclassroomonthefirstdayofsecondgrade.2．He/ShewasdoingFunwithNumber.3．Theyofteng

ettogetherandrecallthepast.4．Theyneed(thegiftof)friendship.5．Inmyopinion,tobekindisthebestwaytowinfriends.【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

文章讲述了作者二年级第一次见到好朋友Lucy时的情景，以及他们之后持续了六十年的友谊。作者告诉我们，友谊对孩子来说是除了基本需求之外最珍贵的东西，而赢得朋友的最好方式就是友善。1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Istillremembermyfi

rstdayofsecondgrade.Iwasledtoaclassroom.（我仍然记得二年级的第一天，我被带到教室）”以及第五段“HernamewasLucy.Fromthatdayonwegottoknoweachother,andshebecamemybestfr

iend.（她的名字是Lucy，从那天起，我们彼此认识并且她变成了我最好的朋友）”，可知，二年级的第一天，作者在教室里遇见了Lucy，故答案为Theymetintheclassroomonthefirstdayofsecondgrade。2．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段“IamdoingFu

nwithNumber”可知，当Lucy过来的时候，作者正在玩FunwithNumber，故答案为He/ShewasdoingFunwithNumber。3．考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“Weofte

ngettogetherandrecallthepast.（我们经常聚在一起回忆过去。）”可知，作者和Lucy通过相聚和回忆过去保持友谊，故答案为Theyoftengettogetherandrecallthepa

st。4．考查细节理解。根据文章第六段“Besidesthebasics—tobefed,caredfor,andloved-theyneedthegiftoffriendship.（除了基本的喂养、关心和爱，他们需要的是友谊这份礼物。）”可知，除了基本需求，

孩子们还需要友谊。故答案为Theyneed(thegiftof)friendship。5．考查观点态度。本题为开放性试题：在你看来，赢得朋友的最好方法是什么？回答的时候要注意句子的完整性，句子语法表达要正确，也可参考文章最后一句话“The

yneedtoknowtheyhavealltheyneedandthatthebestwaytowinfriendsistobekind.（他们需要知道他们拥有他们所需要的一切，而赢得朋友的最好方式就是友善。）”，故参考答

案为Inmyopinion,tobekindisthebestwaytowinfriends。（2）【答案】1.Anorganizationthatsupportsfreeoperationforfaciallydeformedkidsindevelo

pingcountries.2.Tosatisfyherschool’scommunityservicerequirement.3.Shefeltpityforallthoseunfortunatekids.4.P

layingwiththekidsbeforetheiroperation.5.I’dliketo.NotonlybecauseIwanttoliveameaningfullife,butbecauseIwanttohelpothers.【分析】这是一篇

记叙文。文章讲述了，一个叫Katie的女孩当初加入OperationSmile俱乐部是为了完成学校参加社区服务的要求。后来她意识到了参加这种公益活动的意义，于是乐在其中了。1．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Whenshewas14,shedisc

overedaclubatschoolcalledOperationSmile,anorganizationthatsupportsfreeoperationforfaciallydeformed(面部畸形的)kidsindevelopingcountries.

(14岁时，她在学校发现了一个名为“微笑行动”的俱乐部，这是一个支持发展中国家面部畸形儿童免费手术的组织)”可知，“微笑行动（OperationSmile）”是一个支持发展中国家面部畸形儿童免费手术的组织。故答案为：Anorganizationthatsupportsfreeoperatio

nforfaciallydeformedkidsindevelopingcountries.2．考查细节理解。由第二段中的“Atthattime,shejoinedOperationSmilejusttosatisfyherschool’scommunitys

ervicerequirement.(当时，她加入了微笑行动，只是为了满足学校的社区服务要求)”可知，凯蒂加入微笑行动的初衷是为了满足学校的社区服务要求。故答案为：Tosatisfyherschool’scommunityservicerequirement.3．考查细节理解。由第四段

中的“Althoughshewasexcited,onenightduringtraining,shebrokedownintears.Shefeltpityforallthoseunfortunatekids.(尽管她很兴奋，但有一天晚上训练时，她哭了。她同

情那些不幸的孩子)”可知，凯蒂在一天晚上的训练中哭了，是因为她同情那些不幸的孩子。故答案为：Shefeltpityforallthoseunfortunatekids.4．考查细节理解。由第四段中的“Herjobwastoplaywiththekidsbeforet

heiroperationtohelpthemfeelmorerelaxed.(她的工作是在孩子们手术前和他们一起玩，让他们感觉更放松)”可知，通过在孩子们手术前和他们一起玩，凯蒂帮助孩子们放松。故答案为：Playingwiththekidsbeforetheirop

eration.5．考查开放答题。考生可结合文章中心大意和自身实际，选取角度答题，比如：我想加入俱乐部，不仅因为我想过有意义的生活，还因为我想帮助别人。故答案为：I’dliketo.Notonlybe

causeIwanttoliveameaningfullife,butbecauseIwanttohelpothers.（3）【答案】1.Tocleanupthetrash.2.Hunger.3.He/Shefeltveryangry.4.Theyc

ollectedmorethan135bagsoftrash.5.Itisverybadhabitbecausetrashthrownonthebeachmayendupinthesea,resultinginthedeathofmanyseacreat

ures.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者和环保组织去VeniceBeach去清理垃圾时的所见，所闻，所感，呼吁人们保护环境，保护海洋里的生物，禁止向海洋扔垃圾。1．由第一段“WewenttoVenice

Beachtocleanupthetrash”可知，环保组织去VeniceBeach海滩清理垃圾。故填Tocleanupthetrash.2．由第二段“theyarecheatedbytheirfeelinganddon’tthinktheyneedtoeatanyfoo

d.”可知，他们被自己的感觉所欺骗，不认为自己需要吃任何食物，所以他们死于饥饿。故填Hunger.3．由第三段“Itmademeveryangrywiththe...”可知，作者在志愿者的垃圾袋里看到垃圾时非常的生气。故填He/Shefeltveryang

ry.4．由最后段“Alltogetherwecollectedmorethan135bagsoftrash.”那天志愿者共收集了135袋垃圾。故填Theycollectedmorethan135bagsoftrash.5．由第二段“TheHealtheBayrepresen

tativehadtoldusthattheselittlepiecesofStyrofoamandothersmallpiecesofplasticarewhatactuallyharmsealifemost.Seaanimalseattheplastic.Aftereatingit,

theythinktheyarefull.Asaresult,theycandieofstarvationastheyarecheatedbytheirfeelinganddon’tthinktheyneedtoeatanyfood.以及最后一段Idohopethatnexttimepeople

gotothebeach,theywillstoplittering.”可知，这是一个非常坏的习惯，因为在海滩上扔的垃圾可能最终会落到海里，导致许多海洋生物的死亡。故填Itisverybadhabitbecau

setrashthrownonthebeachmayendupinthesea,resultinginthedeathofmanyseacreatures.（4）【答案】1.KingMinoshadtheMinotaur./KingMinos./Minos.2.Itlivedatthece

nterofaverybigmaze./Atthecenterofaverybigmaze.3.Everynineyears.4.Hefollowedthestringandgotoutofthemaze.5.Becausehethoughthissonwasdead.

/Becausehethoughthissonhaddied.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一则希腊神话：米诺斯的迷宫。讲述的是雅典的王子为了杀死吃儿童的怪物，自愿充当牺牲品前往怪物Minotaur所在

的迷宫，以伺机杀死怪物，为民除害。临行前，王子对自己的父亲说，如果他胜利了，船返航时便会挂上白帆，反之则还是去时的黑帆。到了迷宫以后，一位公主爱上了王子，并对他提供了帮助，使他顺利杀死了怪物。王子便带着公主一起逃走了。而在回家的途中，胜利的喜悦冲昏了他的头脑，他居然忘记更换

船上的黑帆，结果，站在海边遥望他归来的父亲看到那黑帆之后，认为儿子死掉了，便悲痛地投海而死。于是那片海洋便被叫做爱琴海（AegeanSea），以纪念国王Aegeus。1．细节理解题。由第一段前三句OnceuponatimetherelivedakingcalledMinos.He

ruledtheislandofCrete.Andhealsohadaterriblemonster(怪兽)calledtheMinotaur可知，国王Minos有一个叫Minotaur的怪物。故正确答案为KingMinoshadtheMinotaur./KingMinos./Mino

s.。2．细节理解题。由第一段第四句TheMinotaurlivedatthecenterofaverylargemaze(迷宫)可知，怪物Minotaur住在一个非常大的迷宫的中心。故正确答案为Itlivedatthecenterofav

erybigmaze./Atthecenterofaverybigmaze.。3．细节理解题。由第二段最后一句IfMinosdidn'tattackAthens,hewouldsendsevenboysa

ndsevengirlstoCreteeverynineyearstobeeatenbytheMinotaur可知，如果Minos不攻击雅典，国王Aegeus会每九年送七个男孩和七个女孩到克里特岛上去，把他们献给怪物Minotaur吃掉。故正

确答案为Everynineyears.。4．细节理解题。由第四段倒数第三句Afterhekilledthemonster,hefollowedthestringandgotoutthemaze可知，Theseus杀死怪物之后，他沿着绳子走出了迷宫。故正确答案为Hefo

llowedthestringandgotoutofthemaze.。5．细节理解题。结合全文及第三段最后一句Hepromisedhisfatherthatifhewassuccessful,hewouldusewhitesails(船帆)insteadofthebl

ackonestoshowhewasalive可知，国王Aegeus的儿子Theseus答应父王如果他成功杀死了怪物的话，他会张开白色的船帆，而不是黑色的船帆来显示他还活着。根据最后一段第一句However,onthejourneyh

ome,Theseuswassofullofjoythatheforgottochangethecolorofthesails可知，Theseus因为获得了胜利而过于兴奋，结果忘记了把船帆换成白色的，他父王误以为儿子已经死了，因此伤心跳海

自杀。故正确答案为Becausehethoughthissonwasdead./Becausehethoughthissonhaddied.。（5）【答案】1.Becausetheythoughtadogwouldtrulymaketh

ehouseahome.Or:Becausetheythoughtthehousehasahomelyfeelwithadoginit.2.Happen/Occur/Breakout/Comeabout3.Onthesecondfloor.4.HejumpedonAshle

y’sbedandbegantouchingherface.Or:Hemanagedtowakeupthefamilymembers,whothenescapedfromthefiresafely.5.Heisbrave,cleverandloyal.

Whenthefirehappened,hedidn’trunaway,butsavedthefamilyinhisway.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Lomax一家半夜失火，幸亏家里的狗狗Jack及时叫醒了他们，才使得

他们得以幸存。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Thoughtheirhousewasalreadyfullwithsevenpeople,theyknewadogwouldtrulymakethehouseahome.”（虽然他们的房子已经挤

满了七个人，但他们知道一只狗会让房子真正成为一个家）可知，Lomax认为一只狗能让房子成为一个家，有一只狗在房子里，房子有家的感觉。故答案为Becausetheythoughtadogwouldtrulymakethehouseahome.Or:Becausetheythoughtthehou

sehasahomelyfeelwithadoginit.2．考查词义猜测。根据第二段中“Ifitwasn’tforhim,thefamilymayneverhavesurvivedtheterribleaccidentthatwouldeventuallyb

efallonecoldJanuarydayin2020.”（如果没有他，这个家庭可能永远无法在这场最终会befall在2020年1月寒冷的一天的可怕事故中幸存下来）可知，that指代上文的theterribleaccident，“事故”通常是“发生”，由此推知划线

词befall应该是“发生”的意思，故答案为Happen/Occur/Breakout/Comeabout.3．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Itwasanightlikemanyothers.Autumn,thefamily’syoungestc

hildandhermotherAshleyhadsettledintobedinoneofthebedroomsonthesecondfloor.”（这是一个和其他许多夜晚一样的夜晚。秋天，家里最小的孩子和她的母亲阿什利在二楼的一间卧室里安顿下来）可知，Jack睡在二楼，故答案为

Onthesecondfloor.4．考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Thefour-leggedfamilymemberknewsomethingwaswrongbuthadnowayoftellinghisowners.HejumpedupAshley

’sbedandbegantouchingherface.Shepushedhimoffherbedandtriedtorolloverbuthebeganagain,untilshewasup.”（这只四条腿

的家庭成员知道出事了，但没有办法告诉他的主人。他跳上艾希礼的床，开始摸她的脸。她把他推下床，想翻身，但他又开始了，直到她起来）可知，当Jack感觉到不对劲的时候，他跳到艾希礼的床上，开始摸她的脸。或者:他设法叫醒了家人，然后

他们安全逃离了火灾。故答案为HejumpedonAshley’sbedandbegantouchingherface.Or:Hemanagedtowakeupthefamilymembers,whot

henescapedfromthefiresafely.5．考查推理判断。根据第四段中“HejumpedupAshley’sbedandbegantouchingherface.Shepushedhimoffherbedandtriedtorollo

verbuthebeganagain,untilshewasup.”（他跳上艾希礼的床，开始摸她的脸。她把他推下床，想翻身，但他又开始了，直到她起来）和第五段中“Innotime,thefirehadengulfed(吞没)nearlytheentirehome

,butluckily,allofthemhadmadeitoutalive,withJackleadingtheway.”（没过多久，大火几乎吞没了整个房子，但幸运的是，他们都活着逃了出来，杰克在前面带路）推知，火灾发生时，Jack很勇敢、很聪明地救了主人一家，故答案为Heisbrave,cle

verandloyal.Whenthefirehappened,hedidn’trunaway,butsavedthefamilyinhisway.（6）【答案】1.Whenhewas10.2.InCalifornia.3.Frightened./Scared.4.About6months.5.

Open.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文是一个名为李涛的留学生自述美国留学生活的点滴。1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhenIstartedtolearnEnglishattheageof10,IfeltverycuriousabouttheEnglishlangu

age.”（当我10岁开始学习英语时，我对英语感到非常好奇。）可知，李涛10岁开始学英语，故答案为Whenhewas10.2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Thenafterhighschool,Iarrangedtoattendcoll

egeinCalifornia.”（高中毕业后，我安排去加州上大学。）可知，李涛去加州上大学，故答案为InCalifornia.3．词义猜测题。根据第七段中“Noproblemformostpeople,butitterrifiedme.Iwasafraidofdoingit.”（对大多

数人来说没有问题，但我却很害怕。我害怕做这件事。）可知，划线词应该是“害怕”的意思，故答案为Frightened./Scared.4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Itwasabout6monthsbeforeIbeca

meusedtotheschoollifeintheUSA.”（大约6个月后，我才适应了美国的学校生活。）可知，李涛6个月才适应了美国的生活，故答案为About6months.5．推理判断题。本题为开放性试题，要求考生根据李涛的故事写自己的感受与启发，合理即可，故答案为Open

.（7）【答案】1.Becausehehastodependonothers.2.Asaresultoffoodpoisoning.3.Help.4.Thecarersareveyexpensive.5.Suchdogsarehelpful.B

ecausewiththeaccompanyandassistanceofBonny,theauthorhasbecomepositive.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一个脑瘫病人，拥有了一只叫邦尼的金毛猎犬，这只狗的陪

伴和帮助，使作者逐渐开朗积极起来。同时，作者也乐意将这种经历分享给和他一样的人，希望其他像他一样的人也有这种狗的陪伴和帮助。1．考查细节理解。根据文章第一段内容“Ioftenrelyonotherpeopleinmylife,anditevenkeepsme

frommakingmyowndecisionsinmostsituations.Why?Becausewhenyouhavetodependonothers,thedecisiondoesnotbecometotallyyours.(在我的生活中，我经常依赖别人，这甚

至让我在大多数情况下无法自己做决定。为什么？因为当你不得不依赖他人时，决定并不完全是你的。)”可知，作者有时无法自己做决定的原因是作者不得不依赖别人。故答案为：Becausehehastodependonot

hers.2．考查细节理解。根据文章第二段内容“IdevelopedCerebralPalsyattheageoftwelvemonthsasaresultoffoodpoisoning.(我在12个月大的时

候因为食物中毒患上了脑瘫。)”可知，作者患上脑瘫是12月大时食物中毒导致的。故答案为：Asaresultoffoodpoisoning.3．考查词义猜测。分析语境可知，“suchadog”指的是像作者的

狗邦尼一样的狗，根据第一段中“soshecouldhelpmebecomeindependent(这样她就可以帮助我变得独立)”以及划线单词所在句子上文“Theyalwaystriedtohelpmebecomepositive,buttheysaidit

wasBonnythathadmadesuchadifference.(他们总是努力帮助我变得积极，但他们说，是邦尼让我变得如此不同。)”可知，邦尼对作者起到的是帮助作用，由此可推知，“assistance”应是指狗带给作者的帮助，治疗师认为

其他像作者一样的病人也需要这种狗的帮助。“assistance”即意为“help”。故答案为：Help.4．考查细节理解。根据文章第四段内容“Thecostsofcarerswhoarepaidtohelppeoplelikemeareveryhigh.(雇护工来帮助像我这样

的人的费用非常高。)”可知，作者认为护工的费用很高。故答案为：Thecarersareveyexpensive.5．开放性试题，言之有理即可。根据文章第三段内容“MyrecentvisittotheSpasticCen

trewithBonnycausedthetherapiststonoticethechangeinmyattitudeandmood.Theyalwaystriedtohelpmebecomepositive,buttheysaidit

wasBonnythathadmadesuchadifference.(我最近和邦尼一起去了痉挛中心，治疗师注意到了我态度和情绪的变化。他们总是努力帮助我变得积极，但他们说，是邦尼让我变得如此不同。)”可

知，像邦尼这种狗对作者这样的人来说是有帮助的，因为它的陪伴让作者有了积极的情绪。故答案为：Suchdogsarehelpful.BecausewiththeaccompanyandassistanceofBonny,theauthorh

asbecomepositive.（8）【答案】1.AyoungwaitressnamedMary2.Beveryeasytosee/notice;beeasilyseen;different.3.$100bill4.Thebossoftherestaurant.5.It

hink“Happiness”istorespectmyselfandothers.【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一家餐厅的老板，衣衫褴褛地进入餐厅与女服务员的互动，由此告诉我们快乐的秘诀就是尊重自己和他人。1．考查细节理解。根据第二段中第二句“Ayoungwaitres

snamedMarywatchedhimandranovertohim.”（一位名叫玛丽的年轻女服务员看到他并迎向他）可知，在餐厅中是服务员Mary帮助了他。故答案为AyoungwaitressnamedMary。2．考查词句猜测。根据第一段中“Hispoorjacket,patched(打

补丁的)trousers,andworn-outshoes.”（他那件破旧的夹克衫、打补丁的裤子和破旧的鞋子）可知，老人衣衫褴褛，所以非常“突出显眼”，即：与众不同、容易被人看见/注意到，故答案为Beveryeasytosee/notice;beeasilyseen;different.3．考查细

节理解。根据第8段最后一句“underwhichwasa$100bill.”（在他的盘子下面，她发现了一张名片和一张写在餐巾纸上的便条，下面是一张100美元的钞票。）可知，盘子下面是一张100美元的钞票。故答案为$100

bill。4．考查细节理解。最后一段的第一句“themanshehadservedwastheowneroftherestaurant.”（她接待的那个人是这家餐馆的老板。）可知，老人是餐厅的老板，故答

案为Thebossoftherestaurant.5．考查推理判断。倒数第二段中的第一句“Irespectyouverymuch,andyourespectyourself,too.Itshowsbythewayyoutreat

others.Youhavefoundthesecretofhappiness.”（我非常尊重你，你也尊重你自己。从你对待他人的方式就可以看出。你已经找到了快乐的秘诀。）由此可知，快乐的秘诀就是尊重自己和他人。故答案为Ithink“Ha

ppiness”istorespectmyselfandothers.（9）【答案】1.Becausetheplaneandtrainwerequiteexpensive./Becausethecoachwascheaper.2.Ithadawonderfulviewoverlooking

theThames.3.Sites./Placesofinterest./Sights.4.Two.5.ThefirsttimeIwentabroadwaswhenIwenttoChina.Thatjourneymadeadeepimpressiononmebecauseofthe

GreatWall.【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的第一次英国之旅。1．考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Theplaneandtrainwerequiteexpensive,sowedecidedtotrave

lbycoach.”（飞机和火车都很贵，所以我们决定坐长途汽车旅行）由此可知，作者为什么乘长途汽车去伦敦是因为飞机和火车都很贵或者因为长途汽车更便宜。故回答为：Becausetheplaneandtrainwerequiteexpensive./Because

thecoachwascheaper。2．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“MyfriendsandIhadabigroomonthetopfloor.Thebedswerenotverycomfortablean

dthebathroomwasverysmallbutithadawonderfulviewoverlookingtheThames.”（我和我的朋友在顶楼有一个大房间。床不太舒服，浴室很小，但可以俯瞰泰晤士河

的美景。）由此可知，作者在青年旅社的房间的好处是从这里可以俯瞰泰晤士河的美景。故回答为：IthadawonderfulviewoverlookingtheThames。3．考查词句猜测题。根据下文“BigBen,Piccadil

lyCircus,andBuckinghamPalace.”（大本钟、皮卡迪利广场和白金汉宫。）可知，这些都是出名的景点。所以划线词的意思是“景点”。故回答为：Sites./Placesofintere

st./Sights。4．考查细节理解题。根据第三段“Iboughtasilverringformysister.”（我给我妹妹买了一个银戒指）“Unfortunately,Ithinktheringfelloutofmyp

ocketduringthegame,andIhadtobuyanotherone.”（不幸的是，戒指在比赛时从我的口袋里掉了出来，我不得不再买一个。）由此可知，作者买了两个戒指。故回答为：Two。5．开放性试题。我第一次出国是在我去中国的时候。由于长城的缘故，那

次旅行给我留下了深刻的印象。故回答为：ThefirsttimeIwentabroadwaswhenIwenttoChina.ThatjourneymadeadeepimpressiononmebecauseoftheGreatWall。（10）【

答案】1.Toimprovethereadingskillsofchildrenwithreadingproblems.2.Becausedogsnevercriticize，judgeorlaughatthechildren’sreadingability.3.Inadditi

ontomakinglearningenjoyable,italsoincreasestheirsenseofself-confidence.4.Carriedout./Performed./Done.5.Ithinktheyaremeaningful.A

stheymakeadifferenceintheirlifebyimprovingthereadingskillsofchildrenwithreadingproblems.【分析】这是一篇说明文。短

文介绍了ReadingwithRover项目的诸多益处，它的目的是提高有阅读问题孩子的阅读技能。1．考查细节理解题。根据第一段“Thegoalofalltheseprogramsistoimprovethereadingskillsofchildr

enwithreadingproblemsbyhavingchildrenreadtodogs.”（所有这些项目的目标都是通过让孩子读给狗听来提高有阅读障碍的孩子的阅读技能）可知，ReadingwithRov

er的目的是提高有阅读问题孩子的阅读技能。故回答为：Toimprovethereadingskillsofchildrenwithreadingproblems.2．考查细节理解题。根据第二段“Dogsdon’tcriticize(批评)，judgeo

rlaughatthechildren’sreadingability.”（狗不会批评、评判或嘲笑孩子的阅读能力）可知，为什么当孩子们对着狗读书时，阅读会成为一种有趣而无压力的体验是因为狗不会批评、评判或嘲笑孩子的阅读能力。故回答为：Becausedogsnevercriticize，judg

eorlaughatthechildren’sreadingability.3．考查细节理解题。根据第三段“Inadditiontomakinglearningenjoyable,whenchildrenreadtodogs,it

increasestheirsenseofself-confidence.”（除了使学习变得愉快，当孩子们读给狗读书时，还能增加孩子们的自信心）可知，ReadingwithRover的优势是除了使学习变得愉快，当孩子们读给狗读书时，还能增加孩子们的自信心，故回答为：Inaddit

iontomakinglearningenjoyable,italsoincreasestheirsenseofself-confidence.4．考查词句猜测题。根据后文“whichconcludedthatwhen

childrenreadtodogs,itcanincreasetheirreadingskillsbythirtypercent”（得出结论，当孩子们给狗朗读时，他们的阅读能力可以提高30%）可知，加利福尼亚大学最近作了一项研究。故划线词的意思是“

做或者实施”。故回答为：Carriedout./Performed./Done.5．开放性试题。根据倒数第二段“ReadingwithRoverandotherprogramslikeithavebeenahugesuccess,res

ultinginimprovedreadingskillsforanumberofparticipatingchildrenwithreadingproblems.Inadditiontomakinglearningenjoyable,whenchildrenreadtodo

gs,itincreasestheirsenseofself-confidence.”（ReadingwithRover和其他类似的项目取得了巨大的成功，帮助许多有阅读问题的孩子提高了阅读技能。除了使学习变得愉快，当孩子们读给狗读书时，还能增加他们的自信心）我认为它们是有意义的。因为他

们通过提高有阅读问题的孩子的阅读技能来改变他们自己的生活。故回答为：Ithinktheyaremeaningful.Astheymakeadifferenceintheirlifebyimprovingthereadingski

llsofchildrenwithreadingproblems.（11）【答案】1.Theywillfeelhungry.2.Youshouldgotoseekcompany.3.Theneedforsocialconnection.4.Fa

t./Overweight.5.(open)I’dliketocallupmybestfriend,andhaveagoodtalkwitheachother.【分析】这是一篇说明文。旨在阐明孤独和饥饿之间的关系，以及带

来的害处。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Women,whofeellonely,arehungrier,andtheyevenfindabigmeallesssatisfying.（感到孤独的女人会更饿，甚至会觉得一顿

大餐不太令人满意。）”可知，孤独的人会产生的一个反应是饥饿。故答案为Theywillfeelhungry。2．考查细节理解。根据第一段最后一句“Thiscouldbethebody’swayoftellingthemtoseekcompan

y,foreatinghasbeenasociableactivitythroughouthumanevolution.（这可能是身体告诉他们寻求陪伴的方式，因为在人类进化过程中，吃饭一直是一种社交活动。）”可知，人体通过饥饿感告诉人类应该去吃东西、去社交获得陪伴。

故答案为Youshouldgotoseekcompany。3．考查细节理解。根据第二段倒数第二句“Theneedforsocialconnectionisessentialtohumannature.（对社会联系的需求对人的天性至关重要

。）”可知对人类天性至关重要的是对社会联系的需求。故答案为Theneedforsocialconnection。4．考查词句猜测。根据第三段第二句“Itisn’tclearwhythisis,butitispossiblethattheshamerelate

dwithbeingfatmakessocializinglessvaluableforthem.（目前尚不清楚这是为什么，但可能是因为与肥胖相关的羞耻感降低社交对他们的价值。）”可知那些没有因为孤独而感到饥饿的人是肥胖的人。在

句中corpulent作表语，故可推测其为形容词，意为“肥胖的，超重的”。故答案为Fat或者Overweight。5．考查推理判断。根据最后一段第一句“Beingcutofffromfriendsandfamilycanraisebloodpressure,stressandth

eriskofdepression,aswellasweakeningtheimmunesystem(免疫系统)andaperson’sresistancetodisease(早老性痴呆).（与朋友和家人断绝联系会增加血压、压力和患抑郁症的风险，还会削弱免疫系统和一个人对疾病

的抵抗力。）”可知，与家人朋友失去联系、处于孤独状态对人有很大的害处。故因此我们要尽量杜绝这种情况的出现，如果感到孤独就应该寻求社交，那么和好朋友打个电话好好聊聊就是一个好办法。故答案为I’dliketocallupmybestfr

iend,andhaveagoodtalkwitheachother。