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合肥六中2022级高二下学期英语第一次限时作业分值：150分时长：120分钟第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Watchabasketballmatch.B.Buyagiftforhismothe

r.C.Gotohismother’sbirthdayparty.2.WhydoesthemanplantogotoEdinburgh?A.Togotoaconcert.B.Tokeephisparentscompany

.C.Toattendhisgrandparents’weddinganniversary.3.Whatdidthewomanbuyyesterday?A.Somebutter.B.Somemilk.C.Somebread.4.Howdidthem

anbookthehotelforhisholiday?A.OntheInternet.B.Onthephone.C.Atthetravelagency.5.Whendoestheexambegin?A.At2p.m.B.At3p.m.C.At4p.m.第二节(共15小

题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答

第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanspendmostofhispocketmoneyon?A.Books.B.Films.C.CDs.7.Howmuchdoesthemangetfromhis

uncleaweek?A.¥15.B.¥30.C.¥45.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whenwillthewomanleaveforherholiday?A.OnWednesday.B.OnThursday.C.OnFriday.9.Howdoesthewo

manfeelabouthercomingholiday?A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Lonely.10.Whatdoesthewomanexpecttododuringherholiday?A.Listentosomemusicwithher

friends.B.Dosomereadingonthebeach.C.Takesomelongwalksonthebeach.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatwillthewomandotomorrow?A.Repairherlaptop.B.Prepareareport.C.H

aveaninterview.12.Whatisthetopicofthewoman’spresentation?A.Adevelopmentplan.B.Atechnologyresearch.C.Aresearchingsubject.13.Whatmightthe

womanworryabout?A.Herlaptopmightnotwork.B.Shemightfeeltoonervous.C.Sheisn’tsureofwhattosay.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whydoesthewomanoft

entakelongtravels?A.Tostartacareerasayoungperson.B.Toseetheworldasmuchaspossible.C.Toavoidstayingwithherfa

mily.15.Wheredoesthewomanusuallystaywhiletravelling?A.Inexpensivehotels.B.Infamilyrestaurants.C.Intents.16.Whatmig

htbetherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Managerandwaitress.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Hostandinterviewee.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17

.Whoisthespeaker?A.Atourguide.B.TheGardens’founder.C.Acompanymanager.18.WhatdoweknowabouttheSouthCoastGardens?A.Ithasahis

toryofover100years.B.Itkeeps8,000varietiesofpaintings.C.Ithasacollectionofthe19thcenturyrarecoins.19.HowmanypartsistheSouthCoastGardensdi

videdinto?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.20.Whatcanvisitorsdointherosegarden?A.Haverosetea.B.Collectvariousroses.

C.Plantdifferentroses.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共19小题;每小题2.5分，满分47.5分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AReceiver:MarvinJonesDate:Decemb

er27,2021Streetaddress:117NewCavendishStreet,London,WIT5DU,UnitedKingdomPRIVATEANDCONFIDENTIALAsaresultofdiscussi

onandsuccessfulcompletionoftwotesttranslationsundercommercialconditionsduringyourvisit,I’mpleasedtoinformyouofyouremploymentatouroffice.T

heprincipaltermsareasfollows.Position:STAFFTRANSLATORANDCHECKER.Startingdate:February1,2022.Workinghours:Fulltime.35hoursperweek.Cor

ehoursarefrom9:00to17:00with60minutesforlunch.Flexibilityissubjecttoapproval.Holidays:20daysperyearplusallpublicholidays.Dut

ies:YourprincipaldutiesaretranslationfromNorwegianandSwedishintoEnglishandcheckingothertranslators’tra

nslations.Also,it’sexpectedthatyou’llbeexposedtotextsinDanishonoccasion.ThefollowingareyourspecifictermsandconditionsofservicewithAardvarkLanguage

ServicesasofFebruary1,2022untilanyfurthernotice.TrialperiodThetrialperiodapplicabletonewemployeesisthreemonths.Thusy

ourpositionwillbecomepermanentonMay1,2022,subjecttosatisfactorycompletionofthisperiod.Thenoticeperiodisoneweek.SalaryandbenefitsYoursala

ryfromMay1,2022,willbe£42000peryearwiththescheduledsalaryreviewonMay1,2022.Youwillbepaidmonthlyonoraboutthe23rdofeachmonth.Inaddition,

you’requalifiedforbenefitslikethecarallowance(补助),insuranceonbusinesstravelandpersonaltransportandotheritemsme

ntionedinthecompanyhandbook.NosicknessorinjurybenefitsapartfromtheNationalHealthServiceprovisionareprovidedatpres

ent.1.Howmanylanguagesareneededforthementionedposition?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.2.WhatcanMarvinJonesenjoyinAardvarkLang

uageServices?A.Freelunch.B.Trafficallowance.C.Sicknessbenefits.D.Flexibleworkinghours.3.Whatkindoftextisit?A.Ajoboff

erletter.B.Anevaluationreport.C.Ajobadvertisement.D.Anapplicationletter.【答案】1.C2.B3.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是AardvarkLanguageServices公司发给MarvinJones的录

用通知。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三栏的“Duties:YourprincipaldutiesaretranslationfromNorwegianandSwedishintoEnglishandcheckingothertranslators’translati

ons.Also,it’sexpectedthatyou’llbeexposedtotextsinDanishonoccasion.(职责：你的主要职责是将挪威语和瑞典语翻译成英语，并检查其他译者的翻译。同时，我们也希望你们能接触到丹麦语的文

本)”可知，应聘者需要会四种语言，分别是：英语，挪威语，瑞典语和丹麦语。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四栏的“Inaddition,you’requalifiedforbenefitslikethecarallowance(补助),i

nsuranceonbusinesstravelandpersonaltransportandotheritemsmentionedinthecompanyhandbook.Nosicknessorinjurybenefitsapartfr

omtheNationalHealthServiceprovisionareprovidedatpresent.(此外，你还有资格享受汽车补贴、商务旅行保险和个人交通保险，以及公司手册中提到的其他项目。目前，除了国家保健服务以外，不提供疾病或受伤津贴)”可知，在AardvarkLanguageS

ervices公司MarvinJones可以享受交通补贴。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其“I’mpleasedtoinformyouofyouremploymentatouroffice.(我很高兴地通知你被我们公司录用了)”可推知，本文是一份录用通知

。故选A。BWilliamLindesay,afamousGreatWallexpertandconservationist,andhiswifeWuQihavetraveledtheglobebythebackpaths,providingtheirsonswitha

uniquegrowingenvironment.Sunhats,backpacksandsneakers(运动鞋)—thesearetheday-to-daymust-havesforthefamily.Mostoftheirtripsseemfarfromrelaxin

g—culturalstudyinthehotanddrydesert,a53-kilometerhikingtourofNewZealand,aone-dayclimbtothreeEnglishmounta

intopsandasix-daytrainridefromBeijingtoMoscow.Manyassumethefamilymustbewealthyandcanaffordtheirglobaltravel,buttheyarenot.Lindesaysaystheyjustcho

osetospendmoneyontravelandeschewpriceyhotelsandrestaurantswherepossible.LindesaymentionsthetriptoMoscowasanexample.Insteadoft

akingataxifromtherailwaystationtothehotel,theytookthesubway.“Wecrossedthecityforsavingmoney,communicatedwithlocalpeople,andsawtheyarepeoplej

ustlikeus,everywhere.Wearrivedatourdestinationfeelingcomfortable.”However,theirjourneys,whichcanlastweeksormonths,havesometimesbeenincons

istentwiththeirchildren’sschooling.WuremembersonceLindesaylettheireldersonaskforleavesothattheycouldgotoNewYorkfora45-daylecturetour.T

hereforethesonmissedhisfinalexam.Thingslikethatbotherthefamilyallthetime.Lindesayattachesgreatimportanceto

learningoutoftheclassroom,sayingthatchildrenmightscorewellonschooltests,buttravelingoutside,indistantlandswithdifferentlanguages,cultures,andpolitica

lstructures,istherealtest.“Youcanonlygetstreetwiseonthestreet.Youcanonlygetworldly-wisewhenseeingtheworld,”hesays.4.Howcanwedescr

ibetheLindesays’trips?A.Pleasant.B.ConventionalC.Challenging.D.Dangerous.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eschew”inp

aragraph3mean?A.Visit.B.Avoid.C.Compare.D.Evaluate.6.Whatproblemdoesthefamilymeetwhentraveling?A.Theyhaveschedulingconflicts.

B.Theysufferfromatightbudget.C.Theyarefacedwithlanguagebarriers.D.Theyholddifferenteducationalideas.7.WhichstatementmayLindesayagreewithaccordi

ngtothetext?A.Toughnessisthebestassistantofwill.B.Manwhotravelsfarknowsmore.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D.

Thereisnoroyalroadtolearning.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍著名长城专家、自然资源保护主义者威廉﹒林赛（WilliamLindesay）和他的妻子吴琪（

WuQi）通过环游世界，为他们的儿子提供了一个独特的成长环境。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Mostoftheirtripsseemfarfromrelaxing—culturalstudyinthehotanddrydesert,a53-kilo

meterhikingtourofNewZealand,aone-dayclimbtothreeEnglishmountaintopsandasix-daytrainridefromBeijingtoMoscow.(他们的大多数旅行似乎都远非放松——在炎热干燥的

沙漠中进行文化研究，53公里的新西兰徒步旅行，一天攀登三座英国山顶，以及从北京到莫斯科的六天火车旅行。)”可知，林赛他们一家人的旅行很有挑战性。故选C。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段“Manyassumethefamilymustbewealthyandcanaffo

rdtheirglobaltravel,buttheyarenot.Lindesaysaystheyjustchoosetospendmoneyontravelandeschewpriceyhotelsandrestaurantswherepossible.Lindesaymenti

onsthetriptoMoscowasanexample.Insteadoftakingataxifromtherailwaystationtothehotel,theytookthesubway.(许多人认为这个家庭一定很富有，能够负担得起他们的全

球旅行费用，但事实并非如此。林赛说，他们只是选择把钱花在旅行上，尽可能eschew昂贵的酒店和餐馆。林赛提到莫斯科之行就是一个例子。他们没有从火车站乘出租车去旅馆，而是乘地铁去了。)”可知，林赛一家人并不是很富有，他们

没有从火车站乘出租车去旅馆，而是乘地铁去了。所以，他们应该是尽可能避开昂贵的酒店和餐馆。所以，eschew的意思应该是“避开”，和选项B意思一致。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“However,theirjourneys,whichcanlastwee

ksormonths,havesometimesbeeninconsistentwiththeirchildren’sschooling.WuremembersonceLindesaylettheireldersonaskforleavesothattheycouldgotoNewYo

rkfora45-daylecturetour.Thereforethesonmissedhisfinalexam.Thingslikethatbotherthefamilyallthetime.(然而

，他们的旅程可能会持续数周或数月，有时与孩子的学业不一致。吴琪记得有一次林赛让他们的大儿子请假，让他们去纽约做45天的巡回演讲。因此，儿子错过了期末考试。这样的事情一直困扰着这个家庭。)”可知，林赛他们一家人的旅行会

和孩子的学习安排不一致。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lindesayattachesgreatimportancetolearningoutoftheclassroom,sayingthatchildrenmightscorewellonschoolt

ests,buttravelingoutside,indistantlandswithdifferentlanguages,cultures,andpoliticalstructures,istherealtest.“

Youcanonlygetstreetwiseonthestreet.Youcanonlygetworldly-wisewhenseeingtheworld,”hesays.(林赛非常重视在课堂外学习，他说孩子们可能在学校考试中得分很高，但真

正的考试是在不同语言、文化和政治结构的遥远国度里外出旅行。他说：“你只能在街上变得有街头智慧。只有看到世界，你才能变得有世俗智慧。”)”可知，在林赛看来，只有远行才能让人更有智慧。故选B。CEmpathy,namelytheabilitytounderstandanotherper

son'sfeelings,isprobablyoneofthemostimportantskillsapersonmighthave.Empathyisnotjustforbuildingandmaintainingstrongandhealthyrelationships,b

uttoworkmoreeffectivelyandachievegreatersuccessinlife.Empathyisoftenacquiredbeyondverballanguage.Youcanexperienceempathybynoticingaperson'sfacia

lexpressionsandvoice.Youtrytotellwhenheneedsattention,acknowledgement,oranofferofhelp.Yougraspwhenhewantsyoutoleaveandgive

himspaceorwhenhewantsyoutoquietlystandby.Empathydemonstratesyoucare.However,havinganendlesscapacityforempathyisdangerous.W

ithempathy,youwillfeelothers’stress,anxiety,andanger.Ifyoulettheseemotionssitinyourbody,yourmindcanbeemotionallycontrolled.Absorbingotherpeop

le'sfeelingscanmakeyoueasilyaffectedbyfeelingsofdepressionandhopelessness.Infact,extremeempathycanbreakth

ebondoftrustthatyouwerehopingtostrengthen.Whenyoutakeonotherpeople'semotions,youmayfeelresponsibleforeasingtheirpain.Youaredrivenbyastrongdesiretof

ixtheirproblemsandinterrupttoofferaid.However,yourintrusivereactionwillmakethemfeeldisrespectedandlessunderstood.N

on-reactiveempathyisespeciallyusefulwhenyoufeelthedesiretojumpinandfixpeople.Toacquirenon-reactiveempathy,you

shouldreceivewhatevermightpassintoyourmindinacalmway.Noticewhenemotionsbegintoariseinyourbody.Nametheemo

tionandofferwhatyousensetothepersontohelphimorherbetterunderstandtheexperience.Thenyoucanrelaxyourbodyandlettheem

otionfadeaway.8.WhichisNOTmentionedastheadvantageofempathy?A.Keepinghealthyrelationships.B.Workingmoreeffectively.C.Makingfriendswithp

eople.D.Improvingyoursocialstatus.9.Whenyoursisterfailedanexamandcried,whichactionshowsempathy?A.Persu

adinghertostopcrying.B.Accompanyingherquietly.C.Blamingherforhermistakes.D.Tellingherthateverythingispossible.10.Inwhatwaydoesextremeempat

hydamagerelationships?A.Absorbingothers'feelings.B.Interruptingtogivehelp.C.Beingsensitivetobademotions

.D.Lettingemotionsfadeaway.11.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tointroduceacommonproblem.B.Toaddsomebackg

roundinformation.C.Toprovidesomeadviceforreaders.D.Tosummarizethepreviousparagraphs.【答案】8.D9.B10.B11.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对同理心的定义和如何适当使用同理心加以说明。【

详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Empathyisnotjustforbuildingandmaintainingstrongandhealthyrelationships,buttoworkmoreeffectivelyandachievegreatersuccessinlife

.”（同理心不仅是为了建立和维持牢固和健康的关系，也是为了更高效地工作和在生活中获得更大的成功。）可知，同理心的优势没有提及，选项D（提高你的社会地位），故选D。2.推理判断题。根据第二段第三句和第四句“Youtrytotellwhenheneed

sattention,acknowledgement,oranofferofhelp.Yougraspwhenhewantsyoutoleaveandgivehimspaceorwhenhewantsyoutoquietlysta

ndby.”（你尝试辨别他什么时候需要关注、认可或主动帮助。你掌握他什么时候希望你离开并给他空间或者什么时候希望你安静地陪在身边）可知，选项A（劝她不要哭）、选项C（责备她的错误）、选项D（告诉她任何事都是可能的）并不符合同理心的表达。

选项B（安静地陪着她）符合。故选B。3.细节理解题。根据第四段第三句和第四句“Youaredrivenbyastrongdesiretofixtheirproblemsandinterrupttooffera

id.However,yourintrusivereactionwillmakethemfeeldisrespectedandlessunderstood.”（你有强烈的想要解决他们的问题的愿望，打断他们来提供帮助。但是，你这种冒犯

反应会让他们感觉不被尊重和理解）可知，打断对方来提供帮助这种极端的同理心会破坏关系。故选B。4.推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句第三句第四句“Toacquirenon-reactiveempathy,youshouldreceivewhatevermightpassinto

yourmindinacalmway.Noticewhenemotionsbegintoariseinyourbody.Nametheemotionandofferwhatyousensetotheper

sontohelphimorherbetterunderstandtheexperience.”（为了获得非反应性的同理心，你应该以一种平静的方式接受任何可能进入你头脑的东西。注意什么时候情绪开始在你的身体里产生。说出这种情

绪，告诉对方你的感受，帮助他或她更好地理解这种经历。）可知，本段是在为读者提出建议。故选C。DInaworldfeaturingendlesschoices,thesearchforsimplicityhasbecomemorethanjustadesire—it’sane

cessity.ThebookYesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNoexploresthephilosophyofsimplicityanddecision-making.WrittenbyBruceMullen,thisbo

okgoesbeyondself-helpclichés(陈词滥调)andoffersagenuine,actionableapproachtoguidinglife’schoices.Thebookrecognizesdecision-makingasthecentreofhumanexis

tenceandinvitesreaderstoadmiteachdecisioncarriesaweight.“YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”sumsupasignifcan’trule—adefinite“Yes”an

daclear“No.”Itencouragesreaderstofocusonthe“Yes”andstopreadersfromputingtheireffortintouncertainthings.Anoth

errulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-makersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonth

emostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquickerjudgmentsandswifterconclusions.Thebookis

apracticalguidetoenhancedecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsreaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromt

echniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心)thebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthed

ecision-makingprocess.Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,guidingpeopletomakedeci

sionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdynamics,and

societalconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisionsatacrossroads.“YesMeansYes,

EverythingElseMeansNo”ismorethanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandpurpose,thisb

ookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.12.Whatarethereadersencouragedtodoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Solveuncertainma

tters.BSummarizeakeyprinciple.C.Concentrateonrelatedthings.,.D.Makedecisionsindependently.13.Whyisthebookapracticalguidetoread

ers?A.Toprovidereaderswithlifevalues.B.Tohelpreadersexpressphilosophy.C.Toimprovereaders’criticalthinkingskills.D.Toequipreaders

withdecision-makingskills.14.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Definitionofsimplicity.B.Rulesofmakingdecisions.C.Benefitsofstressingclari

ty.D.Influencesofdecision-making.15.Whatisthearticleaimedat?A.Recommendingabook.B.Sharingapositiveattitude.C.Describingasimpleli

festyleD.Solvingphilosophicalproblems.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMea

nsNo》这本可以增强读者决策力的书。12题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段中“Anotherrulestressedinthebookissimplicityindecision-making.Byadoptingsimplicity,decision-mak

ersaimtogetthekeyinformation,focusonthemostrelatedfactors,andavoidunnecessaryaspects,enablingquicker

judgmentsandswifterconclusions.(书中强调的另一条规则是决策的简单性。通过采用简化，决策者获取关键信息，关注最相关的因素，避免不必要的方面，从而更快地判断和更快地得出结论。)”可知，这本书建议读者专注于相关的事情。故选C。【13题详解】推理判

断题。由文章第三段“Thebookisapracticalguidetoenhancedecision-makingskills.Theauthordoesn’tmerelyexpressthephilosophybutequipsr

eaderswiththetoolstheyneedtoapplyeffectively.Fromtechniquestogivepreferencetotaskstomethodsforavoidingdistractions(分心),t

hebookoffersskillsforsimplifyingthedecision-makingprocess.(这本书是提高决策能力的实用指南。作者不仅表达了哲学，还为读者提供了有效应用所需要的工具。从优先处理任务的技巧到避免分心的方法，这本书

提供了简化决策过程的技巧。)”可知，这本书提供了使读者具备决策能力的有效工具，所以是读者的实用指南。故选D。【14题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第四段“Throughpersonalexperiences,Mullendeterminedthepowerofsimplification,【guidin

gpeopletomakedecisionsaccordingtoone’sownvaluesanddesires.Beyondindividualcontext,thisbookalsoinfluencesbusinessstrategies,relationshipdyn

amics,andsocietalconsiderations.Mullennotonlyexplorestheessenceof“yesmeansyes”butstressesthesignificanceofmakingcleardecisions

atacrossroads.(通过个人经历，马伦确定了简化的力量，引导人们根据自己的价值观和欲望做出决定。除了个人背景，这本书也影响商业战略，关系动态，和社会的考虑。马伦不仅探讨了“是就是是”的本质，还

强调了在十字路口做出明确决定的重要性。)”可知，本段主要陈述了强调清晰（简化）的好处。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章最后一段““YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo”ismoret

hanabook;it’saphilosophythatcanchangehowweapproachdecisions.Forthoseseekingtoguidelifewithclarityandp

urpose,thisbookisaguidinglightinthefogofindecision.(《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo》不仅仅是一本书；这是一种可以改变我们做决定方式的哲学。对于那些寻求用清晰和目标来引导生活

的人来说，这本书是在迷茫中指引方向的明灯。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是推荐《YesMeansYes,EverythingElseMeansNo》这本书。故选A。ERobertChmielewskihashadquadriplegia(四肢瘫痪

)sincehisteens.Sensorsimplanted(植入)inhisbrainreadhisthoughtstocontroltworoboticarms,whichhelpshimtoperformdailytasks.Nowh

ecanuseoneroboticarmtocontrolaknifeandtheotherafork.Moderntechnologycanreachinsidesomeone’sheadandpulloutwhatheisthinking

.Maybeheintendstomovearoboticarmortypesomethingonacomputerscreen.Suchthought-controlleddevicescanhelppeoplewhoaren’tabletomoveorperfor

mdifferenttasksandpromotethewell-beingofthedisabled.Decoding(解码)thoughtusuallyrequiresplacingsensorsdirectly

onorinsomeone’sbrain.Thoseimplantedsensorscancatchtheelectricalsignalspassingbetweentheperson’sbraincells,orneurons.Suchs

ignalscarrymessagesthatallowbrainstothink,feelandcontrolthebody.Usingbrainimplants,researchershavepickedupelectr

icalsignalsinthebrainlinkedtocertainwordsorletters.Thishasallowedbrainimplantstotransformthoughtsintotextorspeechonacomputer.Like

wise,brainimplantshavetransformedimaginedhandwritingintotextonascreen.Implantedsensorshaveevenallowedscientist

stoturnthesignalstheycaughtthatareassociatedwithasonginsomeone’sheadintorealmusic.Inarecentstudy,scientistsdecodedfullsto

riesfrompeople’sbrainsusingMRIscans(磁共振成像扫描).Thisdidnotrequireanybrainimplants.Butbuildingthethoughtdecoderdid

requiremanyhoursofbrainscansforeachperson.What’smore,thesystemonlyworkedonthepersonwhosebrainscanshelpedbuilditandonlywh

enthatpersonwaswillingtohavetheirmindread.Sodevicesthatmightletsomeonesecretlyreadyourmindfromacrosstheroomarestillalong,longwayoff

.Still,it’sclearthatmind-readingtechisgettingmoreadvanced.Asitdoes,scientistsarethinkinghardaboutwhatitwouldmeantoliveinaworldwh

erenoteventheinsideofyourheadiscompletelyprivate.16.Whatdoesthetextbeginwith?A.Asuggestion.B.Acomparison.C.Anargument.D.Anexample.17.Whati

sexplainedinthetext?A.Whatprinciplesathoughtdecodershouldfollow.B.HowMRImonitorstheworkoftheimplantedsensors.C.What’susedtocatchsignalsp

assingthroughthebrain.D.Howroboticarmsaredesignedtosatisfydifferentneeds.18.Whatisscientists’attitudetowar

dsthefutureofthetechnologydiscussedinthetext?A.Concerned.B.Confident.C.Doubtful.D.Indifferent.19.Whatcanbeas

uitabletitleforthetext?A.MindReadingisStealingOurPrivacyB.MindReadingisHard,butnotImpossibleC.MindReading—GoodNewsforMusiciansD.MindReading—aBrain-sc

anningTechnology【答案】16.D17.C18.A19.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了现代科技可以读取人的思想，从而操控移动机械臂来执行不同的任务，促进残疾人的福祉。【16题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“RobertChmielewskiha

shadquadriplegia(四肢瘫痪)sincehisteens.Sensorsimplanted(植入)inhisbrainreadhisthoughtstocontroltworoboticarms,whichhelpshimtoperformdaily

tasks.Nowhecanuseoneroboticarmtocontrolaknifeandtheotherafork.(罗伯特·奇米莱夫斯基从十几岁起就四肢瘫痪。植入他大脑的传感器可以读取他的想法，从而控制两个机械臂，帮助他完成日常任务。

现在他可以用一只机械臂控制刀，另一只机械臂控制叉子)”可推知，文章的开头是一个关于瘫痪病人利用科技完成日常生活的例子。故选D。【17题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Decoding(解码)thought

usuallyrequiresplacingsensorsdirectlyonorinsomeone’sbrain.Thoseimplantedsensorscancatchtheelectricalsignalspa

ssingbetweentheperson’sbraincells,orneurons.(解码思想通常需要将传感器直接放置在某人的大脑上或大脑中。这些植入的传感器可以捕捉到在人的脑细胞或神经元之间传递的电信号)”以及第

四段“Usingbrainimplants,researchershavepickedupelectricalsignalsinthebrainlinkedtocertainwordsorletters.Thishasallowedbrainimplan

tstotransformthoughtsintotextorspeechonacomputer.Likewise,brainimplantshavetransformedimaginedhandwritingintotextonascreen.(通过植入

大脑，研究人员在大脑中采集到了与某些单词或字母相关的电信号。这使得大脑植入物能够在计算机上将思想转化为文本或语音。同样，大脑植入物已经将想象中的笔迹转化为屏幕上的文本)”可知，文章解释了被用来捕捉通过大脑信号的工具。故选C。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Asitdoe

s,scientistsarethinkinghardaboutwhatitwouldmeantoliveinaworldwherenoteventheinsideofyourheadiscompletelyprivate.(与此同时，科学家们正在努力思考，生活在一个连大

脑内部都不完全隐私的世界里意味着什么)”可推知，科学家对文中讨论的技术的未来持担忧态度。故选A。【19题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Moderntechnologycanreachinsidesomeo

ne’sheadandpulloutwhatheisthinking.Maybeheintendstomovearoboticarmortypesomethingonacomputerscreen.Suchthought-controlleddevicesc

anhelppeoplewhoaren’tabletomoveorperformdifferenttasksandpromotethewell-beingofthedisabled.(现代科技可以进入一个人的大脑，并把他的想法提取出来。也许他打算移动机械臂或在电

脑屏幕上输入一些东西。这种思想控制的设备可以帮助那些无法移动或执行不同任务的人，并促进残疾人的福祉)”结合文章主要说明了现代科技可以读取人的思想，从而操控移动机械臂来执行不同的任务，促进残疾人的福祉。可知，B选项“读心术很难，但并非不可

能”最符合文章标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Onceuponatime,eatingalo

newasjustthat:sittingdowninarestaurantonone’sownandeatingameal.Everyonediditsometimes,andwhentheydidsoitmightsuggestthattheydidn’thaveanyfamilyorf

riends,ordidn’tlikepeople.Therewasakindofshameattachedtoit.___20___Theychoosetoeataloneforvariousreasons.“Foodies”-peoplewhohavea

passionateinterestindifferentcuisines—doitbecausealltheyneedfortheirpleasureisthechancetoeatgoodfood._

__21______22___Forinstance,it’sestimatedthatnearlyathirdofallthecustomersoffast-foodrestaurantseatalone.Theyareservedwiththeirfoodfast,eatitfasta

ndthenleavefastbecausetheyhaveameetingtomakeorachildtopickupfromschool.Butforothers,theappealofeatingaloneisquitedifferent.___23___Forthehourth

atittakestohaveameal,theycanforgetallthepressureoftheirlives.Forabriefwindow,theydon’thavetodealwiththeirfamilyorjob.Theycanrel

axandlettheirmindwander.___24___Partoftheappealofthisnewtrendissurelythatamealtakenaloneislikealittle

holidayfromthebusynessofmodernlife,inwhichtheyhavesomuchtodoallthetime.A.It’sanexperienceoffreedom.B.Therefore,theymightbealittleembarrassed.C.No

wadays,however,therearemoreandmorepeopleeatingalone.D.Somepeopleeatalonebecauseit’ssimplypracticalforthemtodoso.E.Somepeopleeatalon

ebecausetheyusuallygotofast-foodrestaurants.F.Theydon’twantcompanyorconversation,butonlythejoyofeating

somespecialdish.G.Maybetheywillbringabookorperhapstheywillshylyspyonthepeoplearoundthem.【答案】20.C21.F22.D23.A24.G【解析】【导语】这是一

篇说明文。本文讲述了独自用餐这一现象在过去与现在所代表的不同含义以及现代人选择独自用餐的各种原因。【20题详解】根据下文“Theychoosetoeataloneforvariousreasons(出于各种原因，他们选择独自吃饭)”可

知，此处上下文说的是人们独自吃饭这个话题，与C项“Nowadays,however,therearemoreandmorepeopleeatingalone.(然而现在，独自吃饭的人越来越多了)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。【21题详解】根据上文““Foodies”-

peoplewhohaveapassionateinterestindifferentcuisines—doitbecausealltheyneedfortheirpleasureisthechancetoeatgoodfood.(“美食

家”——对各类美食有着浓厚兴趣的人群——选择独自用餐是因为他们为了获得愉悦所需要的仅仅是品尝美食的机会。)”可知，此处上下文说的是选择独自用餐的人选择独自用餐是因为他们为了获得愉悦所需要的仅仅是品尝美食的机会，与F项“Theydon’twantcompanyorcon

versation,butonlythejoyofeatingsomespecialdish.(他们不想要陪伴或交谈，只想享受吃一些特别的菜肴的乐趣。)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。【22题详解】根据下文“Forinstance,it’sestimated

thatnearlyathirdofallthecustomersoffast-foodrestaurantseatalone.Theyareservedwiththeirfoodfast,eatitfastandthenleavef

astbecausetheyhaveameetingtomakeorachildtopickupfromschool.(例如，据统计，快餐店近三分之一的顾客都是独自用餐。他们快速地得到服务，快速地吃完饭，然后迅速离开，因为他们或许有个会议要赶，或许要去

学校接孩子。)”可知，本段主要讲的是有些人独自用餐是因为这样做更为实际，与D项“Somepeopleeatalonebecauseit’ssimplypracticalforthemtodoso(有些人独自用餐只是因为这样做更为实际。)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。【23题详解

】根据下文“Forthehourthatittakestohaveameal,theycanforgetallthepressureoftheirlives.Forabriefwindow,theydon’thavetodealwiththei

rfamilyorjob.Theycanrelaxandlettheirmindwander.(在用餐的这一个小时里，他们可以暂时忘记生活的所有压力。在这短暂的时间窗口中，他们无需应对家庭琐事或工作事务。

他们可以放松心情，让思绪游荡)”可知，此处上下文说的是独自用餐是一种自由的体验，与A项“It’sanexperienceoffreedom(那是一种自由的体验)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。【24题详解】根据上文“Forthehourthatittakestohaveameal,theyc

anforgetallthepressureoftheirlives.Forabriefwindow,theydon’thavetodealwiththeirfamilyorjob.Theycanrelaxandletth

eirmindwander.(在用餐的这一个小时里，他们可以暂时忘记生活的所有压力。在这短暂的时间窗口中，他们无需应对家庭琐事或工作事务。他们可以放松心情，让思绪游荡)”以及下文“Partoftheappealofthisnewtrendi

ssurelythatamealtakenaloneislikealittleholidayfromthebusynessofmodernlife,inwhichtheyhavesomuchtodoallthetime.(这种新趋势的部分吸引力无疑在

于，独自用餐就像从忙碌的现代生活中偷得片刻闲暇，让人们在总是有做不完的事情之余，得以喘息和享受片刻宁静。)”可推理出，此处上下文说的是独自用餐的人可能会做的事，与G项“Maybetheywillbringabookorperhapstheywillshylyspyonthep

eoplearoundthem(也许他们会带上一本书，或者害羞地观察周围的人们。)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。第三部分语言知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文

后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ashoka,anassociationfoundedbyBillDrayton,hasfoughttoendpoverty(贫困)andsickness,promotededuc

ationandencouragedsmallbusinesses.Tosupporttheseworthy____25____,Ashokaprovidesmoneytosolveurgentproblemsworldwide.Drayt

onemphasizestheimportantthingistosimplygiveyourself____26____.Ifyouseeaproblem,youcanhelpsolveit.Theyoung____27____ar

ewillingto____28____thisconceptbecauseathearteverychildwantstogrowintoahappy,healthyand____29____adult.Infact,itismanyyoungpeople’s____30____t

osetupprogrammesorbusinessesthatimprovesocialconditions.AnexcellentexampleisanAshokaprojectstartedin1995inDhaka,whicheffectivelyhandledthe____31

____problemthecityencountered,andprovidedanincomeforlocalfarmersthere.WhenMasqsoodandIftekharfromAshokabegantostudytheproblemo

falltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka’sstreets,____32____ratsanddisease,theydiscoveredthat80%ofitwasnat

uralwaste.Sotheyeducatedthepoorthereto____33____methodstocompost(堆肥)thiswaste.Theyknewthattheywouldhavea_____34_

____fortheendproductbecauselocalfarmerswerestrugglingwith_____35_____chemicalfertilisers(化肥).Atfirst,theywe

re_____36_____,butoncetheywereableto_____37_____themthattherewasmoneytobemade,theproject_____38_____.In2009sales

were$14,000.Draytonis_____39_____thatintenyearsAshokawillbemakingreallyserious,practicalprogressinbringingaboutsocialchangebychangingt

hewaywelookateconomicdevelopment.25.A.plansB.causesC.attemptsD.events26A.rightB.confidenceC.permissionD.praise27.A.inparticularB.infactC.onpurposeD.i

nturn28.A.avoidB.declineC.acceptD.appreciate29.A.professionalB.generousC.contributingD.innocent30.A.ambitionB.definitionC.adviceD.purpose31.A.w

aterB.resourceC.rubbishD.traffic32.A.attackingB.chargingC.countingD.inviting33.A.employB.createC.leaveD.send34.A.hopeB.marketC.desireD.

way35.A.expensiveB.effectiveC.affordableD.profitable36.A.refusedB.recognisedC.confusedD.surprised37.A.permitB.orderC.adviseD.persuade3

8.A.setoffB.tookoffC.pickedupD.putup39.A.uncertainB.doubtfulC.pessimisticD.optimistic【答案】25.B26.B27.A28.C29.C30.A31.C32.D33.A34.B35.A

36.A37.D38.B39.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了BillDrayton创立了Ashoka协会，提供资金来解决世界各地的紧急问题。Drayton强调自信的重要性，认为每个人都有解决

问题的能力，而且年轻人尤其希望通过建立改善社会的项目或企业来做出贡献。文章以在达卡启动的一个项目为例，讲述了Masqsood和Iftekhar两人如何有效地解决垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供收入。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了支持这些有价值的事业，Ashoka提供资金

来解决世界各地的紧急问题。A..plans计划；B.causes事业；C.attempts尝试；D.events事件。根据上文“Ashoka,anassociationfoundedbyBillDrayto

n,hasfoughttoendpoverty(贫困)andsickness,promotededucationandencouragedsmallbusinesses.”可知，此处指上一句中消除贫困和疾病、促进教育、鼓励小企业发展这些有价值的事业。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词

词义辨析。句意：Drayton强调，重要的是要给自己信心。A.right权利；B.confidence自信；C.permission许可；D.praise赞扬。根据下文“Ifyouseeaproblem,youcanhelpsolveit.”可知，如果你看到一个问题，你可以帮助解

决它，这个概念表现的是对自己能力的信心。故选B。【27题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A.inparticular尤其；B.infact实际上；C.onpurpose故意；

D.inturn反过来。根据上文“Ifyouseeaproblem,youcanhelpsolveit.”可知，上一句已经介绍了这个概念，此处应该是进一步介绍Drayton对这个概念的态度，应用inparticular“尤其”强调他这个态度的程度。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析

。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A.avoid避免；B.decline拒绝；C.accept接受；D.appreciate感谢。根据下文“becauseathearteverychildwantstogrowintoahappy,

healthyand____5____adult”可知，每个孩子内心想成为快乐、健康的成年人，他们会想帮助他人，因此Drayton会很愿意接受这个概念。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个年轻人尤其愿意接受这个概念，因为每个孩子内心都

想成长为一个快乐、健康和有贡献的成年人。A.professional专业的；B.generous慷慨的；C.contributing贡献的；D.innocent无辜的。根据下文“Infact,itismanyyoungpeople’s____6____tosetupprogrammesor

businessesthatimprovesocialconditions.”可知，许多年轻人想建立改善社会状况的项目或企业，因此是成为有贡献的成年人。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，许多年轻人抱负是建立改善社会状况的项目或企业。A.amb

ition抱负；B.definition定义；C.advice建议；D.purpose目的。根据下文“tosetupprogrammesorbusinessesthatimprovesocialconditions”可推知，建立改善社会状况的

项目或企业应该是年轻人想实现的远大抱负。故选A。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个很好的例子是1995年在达卡启动的Ashoka项目，它有效地解决了城市遇到的垃圾问题，并为当地农民提供了收入。A.water水；B.resource资源；C.ru

bbish垃圾；D.traffic交通。根的据下文“WhenMasqsoodandIftekharfromAshokabegantostudytheproblemofalltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka’sstreets”可知，

这个项目解决的是城市遇到的垃圾问题。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当来自Ashoka的Masqsood和Iftekhar开始研究达卡街道上所有未收集的垃圾招致老鼠和疾病的问题时，他们发现其中80%是自然废弃物。A.attac

king攻击；B.charging收费；C.counting计数；D.inviting招致。根据上文“alltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka’sstreets”可推知，街道上未收集的垃圾会招致老鼠和疾病。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词

义辨析。句意：所以他们教育那里的穷人使用堆肥的方法。A.employ使用；B.create创建；C.leave离开；D.send发送。根据上文“80%ofitwasnaturalwaste”和下文“methodstocompost(堆肥)thiswaste”可推知，他们教育穷人使

用堆肥的方法来处理这些自然废弃物。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A.hope希望；B.market市场；C.desire愿望；D.way方式。根据下文“In2009saleswere$14,00

0.”可知，这些产品销售地很好，因此是知道最终产品会有市场。故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们知道最终产品会有市场，因为当地农民正在为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。A.expensive昂贵的；B.effective有效的；C.affordable负担得起的；D.profi

table有盈利的。根据上文“thepoor”和“werestrugglingwith”可推知，贫穷的当地农民因为昂贵的化肥而苦苦挣扎。故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目

突然开始成功了。A.refused拒绝；B.recognised认出；C.confused使困惑；D.surprised使惊讶。根据下文“butoncetheywereableto____13____t

hemthattherewasmoneytobemade”可知，后来事情发生了转机，由此推知，一开始他们提出的想法应该是被当地农民拒绝了。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A.per

mit允许；B.order命令；C.advise劝告；D.persuade说服。根据下文“thattherewasmoneytobemade”可推知，他们应该是要说服当地的农民使用堆肥的方法可以赚钱，从而解决街道上的垃圾问题。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：

起初，他们被拒绝了，但一旦他们能够说服他们有钱可赚，这个项目突然开始成功了。A.setoff出发；B.tookoff突然开始成功；C.pickedup捡起；D.putup搭建。根据下文“In2009saleswe

re$14,000.”可知，产品销售地很好，因此项目突然开始成功了。故选B。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Drayton乐观地认为，十年内Ashoka将通过改变我们看待经济发展的方式，在带来社会变革方面取得真正严肃、实际的进展。A.uncertain不确定的；B.doubtfu

l怀疑的；C.pessimistic悲观的；D.optimistic乐观的。根据上文“Ifyouseeaproblem,youcanhelpsolveit.”可知，Drayton是一个相信人们可以解决问题的人，因此会乐观地认为Ashoka协会可以取得真正严肃、实

际的进展。故选D。第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)单句填词，请在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式40.Theyareappealingtotheworldcommunitytocometohis_________(

assist).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】assistance【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：他们呼吁国际社会向他提供援助。设空处位于介词to后面充当宾语，且前面有形容词性物主代词his，所以设空处要用assist的名词形式assistance；co

metoone’sassistance固定短语，意为“来帮助某人”。故填assistance。41.HavingseentheX-ray,thedoctordecidedtooperate________thepatient.(用适当的词填空)【答案】on##upon【解析】【详解】考查

介词。句意：看了X光片后，医生决定给病人做手术。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语operateon/uponsb.意为“给某人做手术”符合句意。故填on/upon。42.Theyoungmanis_________(rely)soyoucandepen

donhim.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】reliable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个年轻人很可靠，所以你可以信赖他。设空处应用形容词的形式作表语，故填reliable。43.Intheworld,theworksofmanyfam

ousarchitectsarebrilliantand_________(impress).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】impressive【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：在世界上，许多著名建筑师的作品都是辉煌而令人印象深刻的。设空

处应为形容词作表语，表示“令人印象深刻的”用impressive。故填impressive。44.Hermotherisanew_________(library)inourschool.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】libraria

n【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：她妈妈是我们学校新来的图书管理员。空处作表语，结合“Hermother”可知，名词librarian“图书管理员”符合题意，且空前有冠词a，用单数形式。故填librarian

。45._________(determine)tofinishallthehomework,hestayeduptilleleveno’clock.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】Determined【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：为了完成所有的作业，他一直熬夜到十一点。bedeter

minedtodosth.“下定决心做某事”是固定表达，此处省略be，用形容词作状语，修饰主语he。故填Determined。46.Seniorcitizenslongforamore_________(predict)andsecu

refuture.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】predictable【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：老年人渴望一个更可预测、更安全的未来。设空处应为形容词predictable“可预测的”修饰空后的名词future。故填predictable。47.Thisadviceisofsom

evalue,Ithink.Itdeserves_________(consider).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】consideration##considering##tobeconsidered【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：我认为这个建议是有价值的。这值得考虑。分析

句子可知，空处应填名词consideration，表示“考虑”作宾语。也可看做固定搭配deservedoing/tobedone“值得……”。故填consideration/considering/tobeconsidered。48.Theconferenceendedup

__________(sign)noagreement.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】signing【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：会议最终没有签署任何协议。固定搭配：endupdoingsth.“以做某

事而结束”。故答案为signing。49.Shefoundithardtoadjustto_________(work)atnight.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】working【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她发现很难适应夜间工作。adju

sttodoingsth.，表示适应做某事，work用动名词形式作宾语。故填working。50.Attention,please.Ihavean_________(announce)tomake.(所给词

的适当形式填空)【答案】announcement【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：请注意。我有一件事要宣布。不定冠词an修饰可数名词单数，announce“宣布”是动词，名词形式announcement。故填announcement。51.Youcan’tima

ginewhatdifficultywehad________(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】walking【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你无法想象我们在暴风雪中

步行回家有多么困难。固定搭配havedifficultydoingsth.意为“做某事有困难”，应用动词ing形式。故填walking。52.Iraisedmyvoicetomakemyself_________(hea

r).(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】heard【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我提高了嗓门，好让别人听到我的话。空处作宾语补足语，结合“raisedmyvoice”可知，hear“听到”和myself逻辑上是被动关系，应用hear的过去分词形式，表示“让自己被听到”。故填hear

d。53.Manyworkmatesconsiderthemanager’sideatobeof_________(logical)andconstruction.(所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】logicality【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：许多同事认为经理的想法很有逻辑性，很有条理。设

空处作介词to的宾语，应用名词的形式，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填logicality。54.Nobodyisawareofthe_________(motivate)behindhissuddenchangeinhislife.(所给词的适当形式

填空)【答案】motivation【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：没有人知道他生活突然变化背后的原因。空处作of的宾语，空前有冠词the，名词motivation“动机，原因”符合题意。故填motivation。第三节(共10小题;每小题1.5分

，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(创编题)Someday,iffutureformsofintelligentlifelookforevidenceofhuman___55___(exist)inthe20thand21stcenturie

s,theyshouldhaveaneasytimefindingusinthegeologicrecord.Justlookfortheplastic.Between1950and.2021,humanityproducedabout11billionmetrictonsofvirginplas

tic,___56___istheweightof110,000U.S.aircraftcarriers.Plasticwaste___57___(threat)ecosystemhealth,biodiversityan

deffortstoaddressclimatechange,anditisalso___58___healthconcernandenvironmental-justiceissue.Somepeoplemightbesu

rprisedthat___59___(ban)single-useitemswouldn’tbethemosteffectivesolution,thoughtheseplasticsmake___60___alargeshareoftheplasticwa

steinriversandoceans.Policybans,___61___(benefit)astheywouldbe,wouldnotmovetheneedleasmuchasothermeasures.Anditisesse

ntialtomovetheneedle.TheUnitedStates,whichproducesmoreplasticcomparedwithanyothercountry,hasaresponsibilitytoleadtheworld___62___ther

ightdirection.Facinguptothepowerfulfossilfuelindustrywon’tbeeasy,___63___thisisanextraordinaryopportunity.Weknowthatifwedonothing,we’llbury___64___(u

s)undermountainsofplastic.Butifwetry,wecanrewritethegeologicrecordofourplanet.WecanendplasticpollutiononEar

th.【答案】55.existence56.which57.threats58.a59.banning60.up61.beneficial62.in63.but64.ourselves【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了塑料垃圾的危害及解决办法。【55题详解】考查名词。句意：有一天

，如果未来的智慧生命在20世纪和21世纪寻找人类存在的证据，他们应该很容易在地质记录中找到我们。设空处应为名词的形式作介词of的宾语，表示抽象概念为不可数名词。故填existence。【56题详解】考查定

语从句的引导词。句意：从1950年到。2021年，人类生产了大约110亿吨原生塑料，相当于11万艘美国航空母舰的重量。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句且在句中作指物的主语，先行词为plastic，故填which。【57题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：

塑料垃圾威胁着生态系统健康、生物多样性和应对气候变化的努力，也是一个健康问题和环境正义问题。设空处为句子的谓语，叙述客观事实，时态为一般现在时，主语为plasticwaste，结合主谓一致。故填threats。【58题详解】考查冠词。句意见上题。设空处后为名

词单数concern，表示泛指，设空处应为不定冠词，空后health为辅音音素开头，故填a。【59题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有些人可能会感到惊讶，禁止使用一次性物品不是最有效的解决方案，尽管这些塑料在河流和海洋中的塑料

废物中占据了很大一部分。设空处为that引导的宾语从句的主语，应用动词名词的形式，故填banning。【60题详解】考查副词。句意见上题。固定短语makeup构成。故填up。【61题详解】考查形容词。句意：政策禁令虽然会带来好处，但不会像其他措

施那样起作用。这是至关重要的。分析句子的结构可知，设空处为让步状语从句的倒装句，结构为：adj.+as+主语+谓语，设空处应为形容词的形式，故填beneficial。【62题详解】考查介词。句意：与其他任何国家相比，

美国生产的塑料更多，它有责任引领世界朝着正确的方向发展。固定短语inthedirection朝某个方向。故填in。【63题详解】考查连词。句意：面对强大的化石燃料工业并不容易，但这是一个非凡的机会。设空处前后为转折关系，应用but。故填but。【64题详解

】考查代词。句意：我们知道，如果我们什么都不做，我们就会把自己埋在堆积如山的塑料下面。设空处指本句的we，表示我们自己，应用反身代词。故填ourselves。第四部分写作(共一节，满分15分)65.假定你是李华，你作为交换生正在英国学习，你所在城市博物馆正在展出来自中国的文物(r

elics)，因而需要招聘懂一定中国文化的志愿者作为讲解员，需要写一封信给博物馆申请做一名讲解员。内容包括：1.写信目的;2.个人优势;3.能做的事情。注意：写作词数应为80左右。_______________________________

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_________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Dea

rsir/madamIamreallydelightedtolearnthataguideforyourChineseculturalrelicexhibitionisrequired,andIfeelthispositionisspeciallytail

oredtome.Tostartwith,myadvantageliesinthefactthatIamfromChinaandusedtobeavolunteerinShanghaiMuseumandquite

familiarwithChineserelics.Furthermore,beinganoutgoingandoptimisticboy,IamgoodatcommunicatingwithothersandintroducingChinesecult

uretotheworldisalwaysmyhonorandmypleasure.Finally,thereisnoproblemwithmyspokenEnglish,asIhavelivedhereforalmostayearandIhavenodifficultycommunicati

ngwithothersinEnglish.Idohopemyenthusiasmandqualificationwillwinmeafavorableconsiderationfromyourside.Shouldy

ouneedanydetailsrelatedtomyapplication,feelfreetocontactmeat123456@df.com.Keenlyanticipateyourpromptreply.Yoursincerely,LiHua

【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生作为交换生正在英国学习，你所在城市博物馆正在展出来自中国的文物(relics)因而需要招聘懂一定中国文化的志愿者作为讲解员，需要写一封信给博物馆申请做一名讲解员。【详解】1.词汇积累高兴的：delight

ed→pleased并且：furthermore→what’smore做某事有困难：havedifficultydoingsth.→havetroubledoingsth.联系：contact→getintouchwith2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句原句：Furthermore,beinganoutgoingandoptimisticboy,IamgoodatcommunicatingwithothersandintroducingChineseculturetotheworldisalwaysmyhon

orandmypleasure.拓展句：Furthermore,becauseIamanoutgoingandoptimisticboy,IamgoodatcommunicatingwithothersandintroducingChineseculturetotheworldisalwaysmy

honorandmypleasure.【点睛】【高分句型1】Tostartwith,myadvantageliesinthefactthatIamfromChinaandusedtobeavolunteerinShanghaiMuseumandquitefamiliarwithChi

neserelics.（运用了that引导的同位语从句）【高分句型2】Finally,thereisnoproblemwithmyspokenEnglish,asIhavelivedhereforalmostayearandIhavenodifficultycommunicatin

gwithothersinEnglish.（运用了as引导原因状语从句，动名词作宾语）