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北京市第八十中学2023～2024学年第二学期期中考试高一英语2024年4月（考试时间90分钟满分100分）提示：试卷答案请一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色签字笔作答。第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分）第一节完

型填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分；共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TakeanOptionJerrywasanaturalmotivator.Hewasalwaysinagoodmoodandal

wayshadsomething____1____tosay,whichreallymademecurious.OnedayIwentuptoaskhimhowhedidthat.“Well,lifeisal

labout____2____.It’syouroptionhowyouliveyourlife,”Jerryreplied.SoonImovedtoanothercity.Severalmonthslater,IheardthatJerrywasse

riouslyinjuredinthechestwhileskiing.____3____,hewasfoundquicklyandrushedtothehospital.After8hoursofsurgeryandweeksofintensiv

ecare,hewas____4____fromthehospital.Later,whenwemetagain,IaskedJerrywhathad____5____hismindduringtheaccident.“AsIlayinthesnow,IknewIhadtwooptions:On

ewastolive,theotherwastodie.Ichosetolive,”Jerrysaid.“Theparamedics(急救人员)weregreat.TheykepttellingmeIwasgoingtobefine.But

whenthey____6____meintotheemergencyroomandIsawtheexpressionsonthefacesofthedoctors,Igotreally____7____.Intheireyes,Iread,‘He’sadeadman.’IknewI

neededtotakeaction.Itoldthem,‘OperateonmeasifI’malive,notdead.’Yousee,Ijusttriedto____8____theirconfidence.”FinallyJerrylivedthankstotheskillofhisd

octors,butalsobecauseofhisamazing____9____tolive.Jerryhastaughtmealot.Ilearnfromhimthateverydaywehavethechoicetolivefully.Yo

ur____10____,afterall,iseverything.1.A.regularB.familiarC.positiveD.typical2.A.choicesB.trendsC.relation

sD.secrets3.A.NormallyB.ObviouslyC.HopefullyD.Luckily4.A.preservedB.releasedC.distinguishedD.abandon

ed5.A.gonethroughB.putupC.turnedinD.calledfor6.A.forcedB.followedC.wheeledD.recommended7.A.boredB.frightenedC.confusedD.embarr

assed8.A.expressB.shareC.gainD.inspire9.A.talentB.achievementC.desireD.evidence10.A.attitudeB.standar

dC.abilityD.control第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分；共10分）阅读下列句子，根据句子或短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。11.Elect

riccarsproduceabout80percentlesspollutionthanthose___________gas-poweredmotors.(用适当的词填空)12.Inourclasst

hereare46students,halfof___________wearglasses.(用适当的词填空)13.OppositeisSt.Paul’sChurch,______youcanhearsomelovelymusic.14.S

heandherfamilybicycletowork,___________helpsthemkeepfit.（用适当的单词填空）15.Everyonewasinsilence,waitingtoseewho___________（call）upontoread

hisorherparagraphaloud.(所给词的适当形式填空)16.China'shigh-speedrailways_____(grow)from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.(所给词的适当形式填空）17.Myeldes

tson,_____________worktakeshimallovertheworld,isinNewYorkatthemoment.(用适当的词填空)18.Thelittleproblems________wemeetinourdailylives

maybeinspirationsforgreatinventions.（用适当的单词填空）19.Mywashingmachine________(repair)thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.(所给词的适当形式填空)20.M

ary,afamousactress,spendstwohourseveryday___________(work)outtokeepslim.(所给词的适当形式填空)第三节选词填空（共5小题，每小题1分；共5分）从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语填

入句子中，注意使用其正确形式。engage;respect;star;stick;inspiteof21.He___________withRobertPattinson,anotherBritishactorinhisnextmovie.22.Alargenumberofpa

ssengers___________attheairportduetoheavyfogyesterday.23ChristopherReeveneverlosthope___________thesevereinjury.24.Theactivitygetspeoplemo

re___________intheexperience,andtheytendtoenjoyitmore.25.Thechildrenaretaughtto___________differentcultures.第二部分：阅读理解

（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImmersiveVanGoghFromthecreatorsoftheblockbustershowinParisseenb

yovertwomillionvisitorsandstillwowingcrowdsinToronto,thewestcoastpremiere(首场)oftheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitwillbringtheartofVincenttolif

einLosAngeles.Immersiveartisnotjustatechnicalwaytorepresentvideoandaudioinhugespaces.Thewordimmersiveindicatesadeepcommitmentofintenti

onswhichconnectimagesandsoundsinawaythattheaudienceisabletoexperienceadifferentwayoftheart.Truetoitsname,thi

sexhibitiontransformstheiconic(偶像的)paintingsofVincentvanGoghintomoving,wall-fillingprojections.“ImmersiveVanGogh”promiseshal

f-a-millioncubicfeetofprojectionsthatpullfromsomeofthepost-impressionist’smostrecognizablepieces,includingTheBedroom,Sunflowersand,yes,TheStarr

yNight.Youwillexperienceartlikeneverbefore—loseyourselfinentrancing,movingimagesthathighlightbrushstrokes,detail,andcolor—trulyilluminating(照亮)themi

ndofthegenius.LOCATIONTheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitislocatedatasecretplacesituatedintheheartofLosAngeles.Tobeannouncedbeforetheexhibitope

ns,existingticketholderswillreceiveanemailwiththeplacenameandlocationonceitismadepublic.TICKETPRICESVIPTICKETS—$9999PREMIU

MTICKETS—$59.99●VanGoghcushion(rental)..●Priorityaccess●VanGoghcushion(agiftforyou)●Limitededitionposter●Limitededi

tionposterBASICTICKETS—$54.99●AdmissiononlyCHILDTICKETS—$29.99●Ages6—16(children5andunderdonotrequireaticket)●Admissiononly●C

hildticketsarenotsubjecttochangeofdatefeesTicketsareavailableonlineatwww.vangoghla.com.GIFTSHOPStopbyourExhibitGiftShoptotaketh

emagicofVanGoghhomewithyou!Fromclothingandjewelrytohomedécor,children’sbooks,andsomuchmore,youwillfinduniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirsattheImmer

siveVanGoghExhibit.Alsobesuretocheckoutatouronlinestore!ExperiencetheorganiclandscapesofVanGogh’simagination,andjourn

eythroughhisbrillianceandmadnessinacompletelynewandunforgettableway.26.Accordingtothepassage,theImmersiveVanGoghExhibit________.A.prese

ntsVanGogh’sartinamodernwayB.beginsajourneytoVanGogh’shometownC.displaysVanGogh’spaintingsonmovingwallsD.designsprojectso

nVanGogh’slearningexperience27Fromwherecanpeoplefindinformationabouttheexactlocationoftheexhibit?A.Anemail.B.Awebsite.C.The

ticketoffice.D.Thegiftshop.28.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5-year-oldchildwhowouldliketoownaVanGoghcushionatleastpayforth

evisit?A.$109.98.B.$154.98.C.$159.98.D.$199.98.BNickTorrance,ajuniorinhighschool,suffersfrommusculardystrophy,andattendss

choolinaspecializedwheelchair.Themusclediseasepreventshimfromaccomplishingmanyeverydaytasks,suchascarryinghisbooks.andputtingthings

awayinhislocker.Sohehadafellowstudentassignedtohelphim.ButAmySmith,theschool’soccupationaltherapist,thoughtthatbeingabletodosomethi

ngsimplelikeopeninghislockeronhisownwouldbeempowering.Amyinitiallythoughttheywouldbeabletobuyadevicetohelp.Butsearch

ingonlineturnedupnothingthatcouldmeettheirneeds—everythingneededakeycodeorsomeotherphysicalaction,thingsherdisabledstudentcouldn’tdo.Aftertheoutside

searchforamethodcameupshort,shelookedwithintheschoolitselfforananswer.Amyturnedtotheschool’sroboticsinstructor.Theinstructor,inturn,suggestedthattw

oofhismostcapablestudentstakeontheproject:MicahStuhldreherandWyattSmrcka.Theytookfirstplaceinanationalroboticscompetition,sotheywer

eanaturalchoicetotacklethelockerdoorproblemwitharoboticssolution.MicahandWyattwastednotimegettingdowntoworkan

dforanhoureachschoolday,theboysbrainstormed,built,andrebuiltvariousversionsofthedeviceuntiltheylandedontheperfectsolutiononeyearlater

.Likeinanydevicedevelopment,ittookalotoftrialanderrorforMicahandWyatttomakesomethingthatwouldworkfortheirtargetaudience.Forexample,theyinitiallybu

iltalocker-openingbutton,butNickwasn’tstrongenoughtopushit,sotheyreplaceditwithasensor.Now,betweenclassesNicksteershiselectricwheelchairt

ohislockerandwaveshishandoverasensoronthearmofthewheelchair.Afewsecondslater,thelockerdoorswingsopen.Anotherwaveclosesthedoor.Nickcan

makeitwithease—itmaybeasmallthing,butitgiveshimasenseofindependence.29.WhydidAmySmithwantadevice?A.Toincreas

eherstudent’sconfidence.B.Toencouragecooperationatschool.C.Toinspirearoboticsinvention.D.Tohelptreatamuscledisease.30.Withasensorinhiswheelchai

r,Nickcan________.A.movearoundeasilyB.puthisthingsawayC.continuehisschoolingD.openandclosehislocker31.Accordin

gtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeMicahandWyatt?A.Caringandpassionate.B.Talentedandambitious.C.Sensitiveandinsightful.D.Hum

bleandwarmhearted.CNeurotech—new,potentiallyrevolutionarytechnology—promisestotransformourlives.Withalltheglobalchallenges

oftoday,weneedrevolutionarytechnologytohelptheworldcope.Therearedifferenttypesofneurotechsomeareinvasive,somearenot.Invasivebrain-computerinterfaces

involveplacingmicroelectrodesorotherkindsofneurotechmaterialsdirectlyontothebrainorevenembeddingthemin

totheneuraltissue.Suchtechnologyhasalreadyimprovedthequalityoflifeandabilitiesofpeoplewithdifferentillnessesorimpairments,fromepilepsytoPar

kinson'sDiseasetochronicpain.Thereisalsononinvasiveneurotechthatcanbeusedforsimilarapplications.Forexample,researchershavedevelopedwearablestoinfera

person'sintendedspeechormovement.Thesearealreadyquiteimpressive,butthereisalsoneurolechthatreallypushestheenvelope.Notonlycanitsenseorreadneuroda

tabutitcanalsomodulate(调节)—invasivelyandnoninvasively.Thisresearchisstillinearlystages,butit'sadvancingrapidly.Asneurotechbeco

mesmorecommonplace,wemustconsidertherisksitmightpresent,themoralsaroundit,andthenecessaryregulation.Wehavetoanticipat

eanddealwiththeimplicationsrelatedtothedevelopmentanduseofthistechnology.Anyneurotechapplicationsshouldconsiderpotentialc

onsequencesfortheautonomy,privacy,responsibility,consent,integrityanddignityofaperson.Whatifsomeoneweretofaceemploymentdiscriminationbeca

usethealgorithms(算法)thatpowera,neurotechapplicationusedforhiringmisinterprethisorherneurodata?Whatifacriminalgetsaholdofthepreviousorc

urrentneurodataofthesecretaryofdefenseandstealstopsecretinformation?Concernsincreasewhenwearenotjustmonitoringsomeo

ne'sneurodatabutalsointerpretingit,decodingtheperson'sthoughts-withimplicationsforaccuracyandmentalprivacy.Onetrickyaspectist

hatmostoftheneurodatageneratedbythenervoussystemsisunconscious.Itmeansitisverypossibletounknowinglyorunintentionallyprovideneurotechwithinform

ationthatoneotherwisewouldn't.So,insomeapplicationsofneurotech,thepresumptionofprivacywithinone'sownmindmaysimp

lynolongerbeacertainty.Asnew,emergingtechnology,neurotechchallengescorporations,researchersandindividualstoreaffirmourcom

mitmenttoresponsibleinnovation,it'sessentialtoenforceguardrails(防护措施)sothattheyleadtobeneficiallong-termoutcomes—oncompany,nationaland

interactionallevels.Weneedtoensurethatresearchersandmanufacturersofneurotechaswellaspolicymakersandconsumersapproachitresponsibly.Let's

actnowtoavoidanyfuturerisksasneurotechmatures—forthebenefitofhumanity.32.Thefirsttwoparagraphsmainly________.A.stresstheoriginality

ofneurotechB.comparethefunctionsofneurotechC.provetheeffectivenessofneurotechD.introducethedevelopmentofneurotech33.Whatcanbeinferre

dfromthepassage?A.Noninvasiveneurotechismuchbetterthaninvasiveone.B.Messageswithinone'smindcanbesaferwithneurotech.C.Ha

vingneurodataanalyzedbringsaboutriskstoprivacy.D.Properruleshavealreadybeensettodealwithneurodata.34.Accordingtothepassage,companies,p

olicymakersandconsumersshould________.A.useneurotechnologyinaresponsiblewayB.avoidneurotechforthebenefitofm

ankindC.interpretallneurodatatoimproveaccuracyD.helpdevelopmorenoninvasiveapplications35.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.NeurotechHasLong-termBenefitsB.NeurotechMeetsMoralChallengesC.NeurotechBecomesCommonplaceD.NeurotechTransformsHumanLives

D“IfIonlyhadalittlehumility,I’dbeperfect,”themediagiantTedTurnersupposedlysaidsometimeinthe1990s.Whybemodest?A

ristotlesaid:“Allmenbynaturedesiretoknow.”Intellectualhumilityisaparticularinstanceofhumility,sincey

oucanbedown-to-earthaboutmostthingsbutstillignoreyourmentallimitations.Intellectualhumilitymeansrecognisingthatwedon’tknoweverything.Actua

lly,itmeansweshouldacknowledgethatwe’reprobablybiasedinourbeliefaboutjusthowmuchweunderstandandseekoutt

hesourcesofwisdomthatwelack.TheInternetanddigitalmediahavecreatedtheimpressionoflimitlessknowledgeatourfingertips.But,bymakinguslazy,theyhav

eopenedupaspacethatignorancecanfill.ThepsychologistTaniaLombrozooftheUniversityofCaliforniaexplainedhowtechnologyenhancesourillusions(错觉)ofwisdo

m.Shearguesthatthewayweaccessinformationiscriticaltoourunderstanding—andthemoreeasilywecanrecallanimage,wordorstatement,themorelikelywe’llth

inkwe’vesuccessfullylearnedit,andsowithdrawfromeffortfulcognitiveprocessing.Logicalpuzzlespresentedinanunfriendlyfont(字体),forexample,canenco

uragesomeonetomakeextraefforttosolvethem.Yetthisapproachrunscountertothenicedesignsoftheappsandsitesthatpopulateourscreens,whereourbrainprocessesinf

ormationina“smooth”way.Whataboutalltheinformationthatpresentsonline?Well,yourcapacitytolearnfromitdependsonyourattitudes.Intellectuallyhumblepeo

pledon’thideorignoretheirweaknesses.Infact,theyseethemassourcesofpersonaldevelopment,anduseargumentsasanopportunitytoref

inetheirviews.Peoplewhoarehumblebynaturetendtobemoreopen-mindedandquickertoresolvedisputes,sincethey

recognisethattheirownopinionsmightnotbevalid.Attheotherendofthescaleliesintellectualarrogance.Sucharrogancealmostalwaysoriginatesfromtheegocentricbi

as—thetendencytooverestimatetheirownvirtueorimportance,ignoringtheroleofchanceortheinfluenceofotherpeople’sactionsontheirliv

es.Thisiswhatmakesthesepeoplecreditsuccesstothemselvesandfailuretocircumstance.Fromanevolutionaryperspec

tive,intellectualarrogancecanalsobeseenasawayofachievingdominancethroughforcingone’sviewonothers.Intellectuallyarr

ogantpeoplehardlyinvestmentalresourcesindiscussionorworkingtowardsgroupconsensus,thusmakingithardforgroupstoworks

uccessfully.TheThriveCenterforHumanDevelopmentinCaliforniawhichseekstohelpyoungpeopleturnintosuccessfuladults,isfundingaseriesofmajorstudiesaboutinte

llectualhumility.Theirhypothesisisthathumility,curiosityandopennessarekeytoafulfillinglife.“Withouthumility,youareunabletolearn,”LaszloBock,Google’sH

eadofPeopleOperations,notes.36.Thepassageismainlyabout___________.A.theharmarrogancedoestousB.thekeyelementstoafulfillinglifeC.th

esignificanceofintellectualhumilityD.thewaypeopleaccessinformationonline37.Technologyenhancesourillusionsofwisdombecauseit

___________.A.enablespeopletothinkcriticallyB.offerstoomuchunreliableinformationC.allowseasyaccesstoabundantinformationD.makesith

ardforpeopletorecallinformation38.AccordingtoPara.4,intellectuallyhumblepeople___________.A.prefertosolvedifficult

problemsB.areunwillingtoshowtheirstrengthsC.valueothers’opinionsmorethantheirownD.useonlineinformationtobetterthemselves39.Theautho

rwillprobablyagreethat___________.AintellectualarroganceistheresultofevolutionB.intellectuallyarrogantpeopleoftenlacktea

mspiritsC.successfulpeopleareoftenunawareoftheirlimitationsD.circumstancesdon’tfavorintellectuallyarrogantpeople第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，

共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。,.OptimismBias(偏见)Whileweoftenliketothinkofourselvesashighlyrationalandlogical,researchersha

vefoundthatthehumanbrainissometimestoooptimisticforitsowngood.Ifyouwereaskedtoestimatehowlikelyyouare

toexperienceillness,jobloss,oranaccident,youarelikelytounderestimatetheprobabilitythatsucheventswilleverimpactyourlife.___40___Thisbiaslea

dsustobelievethatwearelesslikelytosufferfrommisfortuneandmorelikelytoattainsuccessthanrealitywouldsuggest.Web

elievethatwewilllivelonger,andthatwewillbemoresuccessfulinlifethantheaverage.___41___Theoptimismbiasisessentiallyamistakenbelieftha

tourchancesofexperiencingnegativeeventsarelowerandourchancesofexperiencingpositiveeventsarehigherthanthoseofourpeers.Andthisoverlypos

itiveassumptiondoesn’tmeanthatwehaveanoverlysunnyoutlookonourownlives.___42___Peoplemightskiptheiryearlyphysical,notweartheirseat

belt,orfailtoputonsunscreenbecausetheymistakenlybelievethattheyarelesslikelytogetsick,getinanaccident,orgetskincancer.Cogni

tiveneuroscientistTaliSharot,authorofTheOptimismBias:ATouroftheIrrationallyPositiveBrain,notesthatthisbiasiswidespreadandcanbe

seeninculturesallovertheworld.Sharotalsosuggeststhatwhilethisoptimismbiascanattimesleadtonegativeoutcomeslikef

oolishlyengaginginriskybehaviorsormakingpoorchoicesaboutyourhealth,itcanalsohaveitsbenefits.___43___Ifweexpec

tgoodthingstohappen,wearemorelikelytobehappy.Thisoptimismcanactasaself-fulfillingprophecy.Bybelievingthatwewillbesuccessful,peopleareinfactmore

likelytobesuccessful.___44___Afterall,ifwedidn’tbelievethatwecouldachievesuccess,whywouldweevenbothertrying?Optimistsarealsomo

relikelytotakemeasurestoprotecttheirhealthsuchasexercising,takingvitamins,andfollowinganutritiousdiet.A.Optimismalsomotivatesustopursueourgoals.B.

Butwearealsohighlymotivatedtobesooptimistic.C.Butdefinitelynoteveryoneisblessedwithsuchluck.D.Thisisbecauseyourbrainhasabuilt-ino

ptimismbias.E.Itcanalsoleadtopoordecision-making,whichcansometimeshavedisastrousresults.F.Thisoptimismenhanceswell-be

ingbycreatingasenseofanticipationaboutthefuture.G.Variouscausesmayleadtotheoptimisticbias,includingcognitiveandmotivationalfactors.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分

）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第45、46小题各2分，第47小题3分，第48小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。Theincreaseinonlineeducationhasallowedanewtypeofteachertoemerge—anartificialo

ne.Butjusthowacceptingstudentsareofanartificialinstructorremainstobeseen.That’swhyresearchersattheUniversityof

CentralFlorida’sNicholsonSchoolofCommunicationandMediaareworkingtoexaminestudentperceptionsofAI-based

teachers.Someoftheirfindings,publishedrecentlyintheInternationalJournalofHuman-ComputerInteraction,indicatethatforstudentstoaccepta

nAIteachingassistant,itneedstobeeffectiveandeasytotalkto.AccordingtoJihyunKim,theleadauthorofthestud

y,thehopeisthatbyunderstandinghowstudentsrelatetoAl-teachers,engineersandcomputerscientistscandesignthemto

easilyintegrateintotheeducationexperience.“Tousemachineteacherseffectively,weneedtounderstandstudents’viewsonmachineteachers,theirlearnin

gexperienceswiththemandmore,”Kimsays.“Thislineofresearchisneededtodesigneffectivemachineteachersthatcanactuallyfacilitatepositivelearningexper

iences.”AIteachingassistantscanhelpeaseateacher'sworkload,suchasbyrespondingtocommonlyaskedquestionsbystudents.Thesequestions,whichoftenappeare

achsemesterandbecomenumerousinonlineclasseswithhundredsofstudents,canbecomealargetaskforateacher.Thequickd

eliveryofanswersalsohelpsstudents.AnexampleofanAIteachingassistantisonenamedJillWatsonthatwascreatedbyaresearcherattheGeorgi

aInstituteofTechnology.Jillwasfedthethousandsofquestionsandanswerscommonlyaskedintheresearcher’sonlineclassthathe’dtaughtover

theyears.Withsomeadditionallearningandadjustments,Jillwaseventuallyabletoanswerthestudents’commonlyaskedquestionsaccuratelywithoutanyh

umanassistanceasifshewasoneoftheresearcher’shumanteachingassistants.“Ihopeourresearchfindingshelpusfindane

ffectivewaytoincorporateAIagentsintoeducation,”Kimsays.“ByadoptinganAIagentasanassistantforasimpleandrepetitivetask,teacherswouldbeabletohavemore

thingsscheduledsuchasmeetingwithstudentsanddevelopingteachingstrategies.”45.WhatkindofAIteachingassistantscanstudentseas

ilyaccept?46.WhatdoresearchersneedtodotodesigneffectiveAIteachingassistants?47.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenund

erlineitandexplainwhy.WiththehelpofAl-basedteachingassistants,humanteacherscannotonlyberelievedfromheavyworkbutalsohavemoretime

toanswercommonlyaskedquestionsbystudents.48.ExplainhowAItechnologycanbeusedinadifferentfieldinourlife.(about40words)第二节写作（20分）49.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学

校下个月将要举办主题为“寻找春天，拥抱自然”的踏青骑行活动，请给你校的交换生Jim写一封邮件，邀请他参加此次活动，内容包括：1.活动安排；2.准备事项。注意：1.词数100左右；2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_____________________

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______________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua