【文档说明】北京市平谷区2020届高三下学期一模考试英语试题.pdf,共(12)页,2.678 MB,由小赞的店铺上传
转载请保留链接:https://www.doc5u.com/view-c29a2f4bf82c9a9717e1738e6b0592ea.html
以下为本文档部分文字说明:
英语试卷第1页(共12页)平谷区2019—2020学年度第二学期高三年级质量监控英语试卷2020.3注意事项1.本试卷共12页,包括三部分,满分120分。考试时间100分钟。2.在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和考号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在
试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用2B铅笔作答,其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。5.考试结束,请将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列
短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AThisyear,theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferent1(city),andTeamChinaha
dtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight.Whentheteamstruggled,CaptainZhuTingwasalways
there,doingwhateverwasneeded2(carry)theteamforward.Thatswhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon(偶像),justlike“IronHammer”Lang.Nevergiv
ingup,especiallyinadifficultsituation,thats3thespiritofChinesewomensvolleyballmeans.BTherailwayline4(connect)BeijingandZhangjiakou,theco-h
ostcityoftheBeijing2022WinterOlympics,istheworldsfirstintelligent,high-speedrailway.It5(go)intooperationonDec30,2019.Therailwayis174kmlong,wi
thamaximumdesignspeedof350kph.ItreducesthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandZhangjiakoufromoverthreehoursto47minutes.
Thetrainisdesignedwithanareatostoresnowboards,adevicetosecurewheelchairsandamobilenewscenter6passengerscanwatchliveOlympicbroadcast
s.CThe“Twenty-fourSolarterms”istheChinese7(tradition)wayofdividingandmarkingtime.Itshowstherelationshipbetweentheuniverse,seasons,climate
andagriculture,whichisuniquelycreated8Chineseancestors.TheTwenty-fourSolarTermsareimportantinstructionsfortheagriculturalpr
oductionaswellaspeoplesdailylives.Attheinitialstageofagricultural英语试卷第2页(共12页)development,peoplebegantoexplorerulesofnatureandused9(t
hey)toguidesowing,harvestingandotheragriculturalactivities.Untilnow,it10(become)anessentialtooltoguidetheagricultur
alproductioninChina.Anditscharmandvaluehavebeenincreasinglyrecognizedbythepublic.第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D
四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。NeverSayQuitInmytwenty-fiveyearsofcoaching,Iencounteredmanyextraordinaryathletes.Yettheathletewhomadethegreatest
impressiononmewasntoneofthosepromisingyoungmen,butBobbyColson.Earlyintheseason,Bobby,wholookedheavybutstrong,11meintheschoolhallway
.Hetoldmehewaseagertojoininourtrackteamandbelievedhecouldmakeanimportant12.Iwasdeeply13byhispresenta
tionandself-confidence.Givenhisphysique,thelogicalroleforBobbywasthatofa“weightman”.Sohedidhisbestintry
ingdiscus(铁饼),shotpot,onlytofindouttheseeventswerenot14forhimatall.SoBobbyintendedtotryanothermoredifficultevent:two-milerace.Iadmi
redBobbys15,buttomyself,Iquestionedwhetherthetwo-mileracewasagoodchoice.YetBobbywas16andforthefollowingweeks,
hepainfullybut17struggledthroughhisworkouts.Threemonthslater,thetwo-mileracewaswellunderway.Whileallthe
otherrunnershadalreadyfinished,Bobby18hadthreelapstogo.AsBobbycompletedhislasttwoofhis19laps,severalboysfromtheothe
rteamsstartedmakingfunofhimand20athimtogetoffthetrack.Bobbywascryingnoticeablybutkeptgoing.Atthismoment,ourteammembersnoticedandwe
ntto21Bobbyon.Onthelastlap,allourathletesstooduptocheerBobbyon.Imagineamovingsight:Ourwholeteamlinedup22thetrack,clappingandcheeringforBobbyaste
ars23downhisface.Afterthat,Bobbyputinefforttosupporthisteammates.Hewentfromeventtoevent24histeammates.Whenoneofourathletestooka
firstplace,Bobbywasevenmoreexcitedthanthewinner.Everyteammate25himverymuchandfeltluckytohavehimintheteam.Bobbyhadbeenrightwhenhetoldmehefelthec
ouldmakeasignificantcontribution.Hehadjoinedagoodteamandmadeitintoagreat26.Sincethen,Iveseenmanytopathletes27t
hetrackwhentheyknewtheywerentgoingtowinarace.Bobby,onthecontrary,neveronce28leavingthattwo-milerace.Onc
ehe29,quittingwasnotanoption.HisexamplehelpedusalltounderstandthattalentisGodgiven,andthosewhohaveitshouldbethankful,butthespiritof30isself-gi
ven,andweshouldvalueit.英语试卷第3页(共12页)11.A.wavedB.informedC.limitedD.stopped12.A.appearanceB.promiseC.contributionD.influence13.A.impressedB.frightene
dC.puzzledD.embarrassed14.A.satisfactoryB.challengingC.suitableD.attractive15.A.enthusiasmB.generosityC.achievementD.cooperation16.A.worriedB.confu
sedC.determinedD.hesitated17.A.cautiouslyB.proudlyC.secretlyD.diligently18.A.stillB.alreadyC.everD.rather19.A.spareB.remainingC.extraD.
additional20.A.cryingB.throwingC.shoutingD.criticizing21.A.pullB.assistC.driveD.urge22.A.overB.aroundC.withD.beyond23.A.rolledB.pavedC.cove
redD.measured24.A.convincingB.appreciatingC.competingD.encouraging25.A.enviedB.lovedC.respectedD.believed26.A.familyB.organiz
ationC.institutionD.system27.A.checkoutB.giveoffC.walkoffD.carryout28.A.supposedB.consideredC.imaginedD.concerned29.A.provedB.realized
C.discoveredD.started30.A.braveryB.unityC.perseveranceD.devotion第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,共30
分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThreeModernServicesWhenyoureworkingafull-timejob,studyingoronthehuntforwork,lifecanfeel
exhausting.Thegoodnewsisthatmoderntechnologyhasmadelifeeasierinmanyways,andwiththefollowingservices,youllfindyouhavem
oretimeandenergyforthethingsthatmatter.MealkitdeliveryservicesMealkitdeliveryservicesareoneofthemostunderestimatedinnovationsofthe21stcentury.Ho
wtheyworkissimple.Atthebeginningyouchoosehowmanypeopleneedtoeatinyour英语试卷第4页(共12页)household.Then,whatyourdietaryrequirementsare,andanyot
herpreferences.Finally,yougettochoosewhichmealkitswillbedeliveredtoyourdoor.Nomatteryourdiet,youcanhaveanappropriatemealkitdelivered
.Forexample,checkouttheselowcarbmealdeliveryoptions.Thekitcomescompletewithalltheingredientsyouneed,alreadyprepared.Allyouhavetodoistofollowth
esimplerecipetoputthemtogetherandpopyourmealintheoven.Withmealkitdelivery,youdonthavetoworryaboutcookingorspendingmoneyontakeout.Yourtripstothegro
cerystorewillbecomeeasierandyoullwastelessmoneyandfood.TaskrabbitOneofthemostfrustratingaspectsofhavingaplaceyoucally
ourownisthatyouhavetotakecareofthemaintenance(维修).Evenifyouarerenting,therearecertaintasksthatyourlandlord
willexpectyoutoseeto,whetheraleakytaporaproblematicelectricalappliance.Forthis,Taskrabbitconnectsyouwithfreelancerswhoarewillingtotakeonjusta
boutanytaskforyou.Youcanhiresomeonetotakecareofyourleakytapratherthanspendingyourowntimeandenergydoingit.Youregivingsomeoneworkwhileenjoyingyo
urtimeoff.PostmatesFinally,oneofthemostconvenientandusefulservicesis,ofcourse,Postmates.WithPostmates,youcangetjustaboutanythingdeliveredordeliversom
ethingyourself.Youcangetsomeonetodoyourgroceriesforyou—simplymakealistofwhatyouneedandchoosewhetherthesho
ppershouldcallyouifsomethingisoutoriftheycandecideonreplacementsthemselves.Youcanalsouseitfortakeout,tosendorreceivedocuments,andanyot
herdeliveryneedsyouhave.Weliveinanageofconvenience,andweshouldtakeadvantageofit.Startusingtheaboveservicesandyoullseeyourst
resslevelsdrop.31.WhatwillpeoplefirstdotoenjoyMealkitdeliveryservices?A.Tocheckoutsomeoptions.B.Topopyourmealintheoven.C.Toconfirmtheexactn
umberofpeople.D.Tofollowthesimplerecipetoputthemtogether.32.WhatdothethreeModernServiceshaveincommon?A.Theycanhelppeoplesavemoney.B.AlltheMode
rnServicesaretop-level.C.Theycanmakepeopleeasilyenjoytheirlives.D.YoungpeopleshowtheirpreferenceforthethreeModernServices.英语试卷第5页(共12页)33.Wh
ereisthepassagemostlikelytobetakenfrom?A.Amagazine.B.Abookreview.C.Anovel.D.Aguidebook.BLastsummer,Ka
tieStellerpulledoffthefreewayonherwaytoworkinMinneapolis.Shestoppedatatrafficlight,whereamanwassittingwithasignaskingforhel
p.Sherolleddownherwindow.“Hey!”sheshouted.“Imdrivingaroundgivingfreehaircuts.IfIgograbmychair,doyou
wantonerightnow?”Themanlookedtobeinhis60s.Hewasbalding,andmissingafewteeth.AsStellerlikedtotellthestory,helaughed,thenpaused.“Actually
,”hesaid,“Ihaveafuneraltogotothisweek.Iwasreallyhopingtogetahaircut.”Stellerpulledoutaredchairfromhercar
andhelpedthemancuthishairimmediately.Aftertheworkwasfinished,Edwardlookedinamirror.“Ilookgood!”hesaid.Untillastyear,Stell
erhadgivensuchhaircutstopeoplelivingonthemargins(边缘)aroundthecity.Shewaskeenlyawareofthepowerofhercleanupjob.“
Itsmorethanahaircut,”shesaid.“Iwantittobeagateway,toshowvalueandrespect,butalsotogettoknowpeople.Iwanttobuildrelationships.”Stellerknewthatahai
rcutcouldchangealife.Onechangedhers:Asateen,shesufferedfromaseveredisease,herhairthinneddrastically.Seeingthis,hermotherarrange
dforStellersfirstprofessionalhaircut.“Tositdownandhavesomebodylookatmeandtalktomelikeapersonandnotjustanillness,ithelpedmefeelcaredaboutan
dlessalone,”shesaid.Afterthat,Stellerknewshewantedtohaveherownsalonsoshecouldhelppeoplefeelthewayshedfeltthatday.Notlong
afterfinishingcosmetologyschoolin2009,shebeganwhatshenowcallsherRedChairProject,reachingouttopeopleonthestreets.Heraimwasthatbydoingsomekindacts,ot
herswouldbeinspiredtospreadtheirown.“Partofwhatbrokemyheartwasjusthowlonelypeoplelooked,”shesaid.“IthoughtmaybeIdgo
aroundandaskifpeoplewantfreehaircuts.Icantfixtheirproblems,butmaybeIcanhelpthemfeellessaloneforamoment.”Itallbeganwithabel
iefinsimpleactsofkindness,suchasafreehaircut.“Thewayyoushowupintheworldmatters,”saidSteller.“Youhave
noideawhatpeoplearegoingtodowiththekindnessthatyougivethem.”英语试卷第6页(共12页)34.HowdidStellerreacttothemansaskingforhelp
?A.Shepaidnoattention.B.Sheofferedafreehaircuttohim.C.Shesentaredchairtohimasapresent.D.Shetoldaninterestingstorytomakehimhappy.
35.WhatdidStellermeanbysaying“Itsmorethanahaircut”inparagraph6?A.Shethoughtitwasarespectablejob.B.Shehadfoundmorea
dvantagesforthejob.C.Sheconsideredhaircutasawaytomakefriends.D.Shehopedherjobcouldmakeadifferencetoothers.36.WhatdidStellerexpectfromRedCh
airProject?A.Toearnalotofmoney.B.Toknowmorepeople.C.Topassdownthekindness.D.Tomakeherselfstandout.37.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepass
age?A.ACutAbove.B.ABeautifulSalon.C.TheGoodBelief.D.TheMiracleofLove.CWhyispovertysodifficulttoovercome?Whyarepoorerpeoplelesslikelytoinvestintheir
ownlearningandabilitydevelopment,butmorelikelytobeaddictedtotelevisionandvideogames?Inthepast,apoorpersonwasnorm
allyconsideredtohavebadcharacterorhavenoambition.Banerjeecorrectssuchviewsandexplainstheeconomicsbehindthepoor.Poorpeopletendtolivewit
hmoreworriesintheirlives,hesaid,sotheyneedtoolssuchastelevisions,cellphones,junkfoodandvideogamestorelieveworriesmorethanother
s.Butinvestmentinlearningoftentakesalongtimetogetrewards,whilethepoorareoftenimpatientduetoeconomicre
asons,andtheirlifeinthemeantimeisgettingmoreworrisomeandboring.Thatgoesforhealth.Banerjeeandhiswifefindthatthepoorspendthesameamountofm
oneyandtime,orevenmoreonhealthandmedicalcarethanthemiddleclassgroup,buttheytendtogetbadeffects.Thereasonisthatth
epooroftenlacktheessentialmedicalandhealthyknowledgeandtheytendtogetmedicaltreatmentwhenthediseasehasworsenedtoacertainstage.Besides,theytendtotrustt
hedoctorswho“givestrongmedicine”becausetheybelievesuchdoctorsarethe英语试卷第7页(共12页)“good”ones.Butinfact,“strongm
edicine”alwaysleadstoresistancetodrugsandovertreatment.Thiskindofattitude,whichemphasizestreatmentratherthanearlyprevention,hasbroughtmanypoorpeo
plemoreeconomicstressandphysicaldamage,andevenhasaffectedtheeducationoftheirnextgeneration.Accordingtothestudy,childreninpoorerphysicalc
onditiontendtospendlesstimeinschoolandhavelowerincomesaftergraduation,sopovertygets“inherited”.Whenitcomestofinance,Banerjeesresearchhasfoundthatt
hepooroftenneedtoborrowlittleandshort-termloanswhilepayingextremelyhighinterestrates.Itisalsobecausethepoortendto
takehigherfinancialrisks—theyoftenhaveunstableincomesandareunabletogetworkingcapitalfrombanks,sotheyrelymoreonthesehigh-interestloans.Andthesesmalllo
ansputabrakeontheirsavingsagainstrisks.Howcouldthepoorstepintothemiddleclass?Maybestartingabusinessisawayout.Butfortheextremelyp
oor,itsimpossibletogetthecapitaltheyneedtostartabusiness.Inmostcases,amorepracticaloptionisgettingajobingovernmen
tagenciesbecausecomparativelyspeaking,governmentjobsareverystable,whichgivethepoortheopportunitiestobehiredforthelongterm,toincreaseth
erangeoftheirthinkingandthusenablingfamiliestomovefrompovertytothemiddleclass.Banerjeesresearchprovidesanewperspectiveforgover
nmentstounderstandpoverty,sothatpoliciescanbetailoredtodecreasepovertyandultimatelyeliminate(消除)it.38.Howdothepoo
rdealwiththeissueofhealth?A.Theyspendlessmoneyinpreventingdisease.B.Theyfocusmoreonthediseasesthanearlyprevention.C.They
usuallythinkitessentialtoresiststrongmedicine.D.Theyarewillingtogetfreemedicaltreatmentfromthegovernment.39.Fromtheunderlinedsentence,wecanlearntha
t.A.povertyisproducedbythepoorB.povertyispasseddownbytheirparentsC.povertyhassomebadeffectsonthepoorD.povertycausespeopletobearmoreeconomic
stress40.Banerjeeconsidersitdifficulttoovercomepovertybecause.A.thepoorhavebadcharacterorhavenoambitionB.thepoorprefertoinvestinbusinessrather
thanworkC.thegovernmenthasnttakenproperandeffectivemeasureD.thepoorweretroubledbytheirlives,health
andfinance英语试卷第8页(共12页)41.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Thepoorhaveattachedimportancetoeducation.B.Thegovernmentcantprovid
ethejobsforthepoor.C.Allthepoorneedtostartabusinessfortheirsurvival.D.Banerjeesresearchishelpfulforthegovernmenttoridofpoverty.DAIcaniden
tifyraregeneticdisordersPeoplewithgeneticsyndromes(基因遗传综合症)sometimeshaverevealingfacialfeatures,butusingthemtomakeaquic
kandcheapdiagnosiscanbetrickywhentherearehundredsofpossibleconditionstheymayhave.Anewneural(神经的)network
thatanalysesphotographsoffacescanhelpdoctorsnarrowdownthepossibilities.GurovichatbiotechnologyfirmFDNAinBostonandhist
eambuiltaneuralnetworktolookatthegestalt(形态)—oroverallimpressionoffacesandreturnalistofthe10geneticsyndromesapersonismostlik
elytohave.Theytrainedtheneuralnetwork,calledDeepGestalt,on17,000imagescorrectlylabeledtocorrespondtomorethan200gene
ticsyndromes.TheteamthenaskedtheAItoidentifypotentialgeneticdisordersfromafurther502photographsofpeoplewithsuchconditions.Itincludedthec
orrectansweramongitslistof10responses91percentofthetime.GurovichandhisteamalsotestedtheAIsabilityto
distinguishbetweendifferentgeneticmutations(突变)thatcanleadtothesamesyndrome.TheyusedimagesofpeoplewithNoonansyndrome,w
hichcanresultfrommutationsinoneoffivegenes.DeepGestaltaccuratelyidentifiedthegeneticsourceofthephysicalappearance64percentofthetime.“Its
clearlynotperfect,”saysGurovich.“Butitsstillmuchbetterthanhumansareattryingtodothis.”Asthesystemmakes
itsassessments,thefacialregionsthatweremosthelpfulinthedeterminationarehighlightedandmadeavailablefordoctorstoview.Thishelpsthemtounderstandther
elationshipsbetweengeneticmake-upandphysicalappearance.Thefactthatthediagnosisisbasedonasimplephotographraisesquestio
nsofprivacy.Iffacescanrevealdetailsaboutgenetics,thenemployersandinsuranceproviderscould,inprinciple,secretlyusesuchtechnique
stodiscriminateagainstpeoplewithahighprobabilityofhavingcertaindisorders.However,Gurovichsaysthetoolwillonlybeavailabletodoctors.ChristofferNellak
erattheUniversityofOxfordsaysthistechniquecouldbringsignificantbenefitsforthosewithgenetic英语试卷第9页(共12页)syndromes.“This
isnotfundamentallydifferentinformationthanweresharingwalkingdownthestreet,orwerehappytosharewithFacebookorGoogle,”
hesays.“Butquestioningthedatainthiswaymeansyoucanobtaininformationabouthealthordiseasestatus.”“Therealvaluehereisthatforso
meoftheseextremerarediseases,theprocessofdiagnosiscanbemany,manyyears.Thiskindoftechnologycanhelpnarrowdownthesearchspaceandthenbeconfi
rmedthroughcheckinggeneticmarkers,”hesays.Forsomediseases,thiskindoftechnologywillcutdownthetimetodiagnosethoroughly.Forothers,itcouldper
hapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththediseaseand,inturn,helpfindnewtreatmentsorcures.42.Whatisthepurpose
ofGurovichsneuralnetwork?A.TotesttheAIsability.B.Toanalyzephotographsoffaces.C.Tohelpdoctorsreducetherangeofthediagnosis.D.To
researchtheoverallimpressionofpatientsfaces.43.WhatdisadvantagedoesDeepGestaltbring?A.Itwillprobablyinvolveinthepeoplesprivacy.B.Itcannotpro
videinformationabouthealthordisease.C.Thediagnosisbasedonasimplephotographisnotaccurate.D.Itcouldperhapsaddameansoffindingotherpeoplewiththed
isease.44.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theresultoftheassessmentsforthissystemisperfect.B.DeepGestaltcancorrectlylabel200gene
ticsyndromes.C.ItseemsdoubtfultouseAItodistinguishgeneticmutations.D.Thiskindoftechnologycanspeedupthediagnosticprocess.45.Whatistheauthorsat
titudetothistechnique?A.Supportive.B.Puzzled.C.Doubtful.D.Negative.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
选项中有两项为多余选项。TheWorldWaterDayhasbeencelebratedannuallyon22Marchsince1992.Eachyearhasadifferenttheme,looki
ngatthingsliketheroleofcleanwaterintheworldofwork,waystostopwastingwater,findingwaystosupplywatertounderprivilegedgroupsandsoon.
英语试卷第10页(共12页)46Butitisalsovitalforsanitation(卫生).Itisestimatedthatmorethan700childrenundertheageofsevendieeverydayfromillnesseslinkedtounsafewate
randpoorsanitation.Therighttowaterandsanitationwasrecognizedasahumanright.47Theseincluderuralcommunities,peoplewhohavebeendisp
lacedduetowarandlocalconflictsandareaswhereclimatechangeismakingwatermoreandmorescarcer.Apartfromtheobvioushealthissues,alackofacces
siblecleanwatermeansthatpeople—oftenwomenandchildren—spendhourseverydaywalkingtoandfromdistantwatersupplies.Thismeanstheydonthavetimetod
edicatetowork,studiesandotherdomesticduties.48Andpeoplewhoarenotabletowalktogettheirownwaterareparticularlyvulnerable.There
aremanycharitiesworkingoncreatingsustainablesuppliesofcleanwaterfordifferentcommunitiesaroundtheworld.49Butthefundamentalproble
mofincreasingdemandforalimitedresourcecanonlybeaddressedbymoreefficientuseofwater,especiallyinindustryandagriculture.Waste-wat
errecycling,capturingrainwater,moreefficientirrigationtechniquesandreforestationareallexamplesofhoww
atercanbeusedmoreefficiently.50Weshouldsupportcharities,raiseawareness,takepartintheWorldWaterDayeventsthatarehappeningallaroundtheworldand,ofcou
rse,becarefulwithhowweusewaterinourownlives.VisittheUNWorldWaterDaywebsitetofindoutaboutaneventnearus.Followworldwat
erdayonsocialmediaandhelpspreadthewordaboutthisincrediblyimportantissue.A.Cleandrinkingwaterisfundamental.B.Asindividuals,whatcan
wedotohelptheissue?C.Thesearchforwaterbecomestheirmainoccupation.D.Thisimportantworkneedstocontinueandtoexpand.E.Everylivingcellinthe
bodyneedswatertokeepfunctioning.F.Innormalconditions,thehumanbodycanonlysurvivethreeorfourdayswithoutwater.G.However,therearestillat
least2.1billionpeoplearoundtheworldlivingwithoutsafewater.英语试卷第11页(共12页)第三部分书面表达(共两节,满分35分)第一节(15分)假设
你是红星中学高三学生李华,你的美国朋友Jim对北京的历史文化感兴趣。你校暑假期间将为交换生组织“KnowingBeijing”游览活动,请你写信邀请Jim来参加。内容包括:1.时间安排;2.活动内容;3.邀请参加。注
意:1.词数不少于50;2.开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。DearJim,Yours,LiHua(请务必将书面表达写在答题卡指定区域内)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,用
英语写一篇短文向校刊“英语园地”投稿,记述你班上周组织主题为“平安校园”法制教育系列活动的全过程。注意:词数不少于60。提示词:平安校园SafeCampus法律意识legalawareness