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2021学年第二学期延安中学线上教学质量评估高一英语第I卷(79分)I.ListeningComprehension(15%)SectionA(5%)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbe

tweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecide

whichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyou’veheard.1.A.Theirparentsstoppedfinancingtheireducation.B.Themandoesn’twantanotherEnglishcourse.C.Theycan

’tpaytherentthismonth.D.Thewoman’sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.2.A.$5.B.$10C.$45D.$50.3.A.She’llbeawayforawhile.B.Shedidwellontheexamination.C.She

workedhardandmadeabigfortune.D.Shedidn’thavetoworkhardforanyexam.4.A.Hurrytotheconference.B.Skiptheconference.C.Ta

kethesubway.D.Takeabus.5.A.Heisconfident.B.Heisworried.C.Heisbored.D.Heisangry.6.A.People’sopinionsaboutthemovievary.B.Thema

nthinksthemovieisnotasgoodashethought.C.Youshouldn’tbelieveeverythingyousee.D.Thewomanwonderswhichnewspaperthemanisreadi

ng.7.A.Heusedtobeaworkmanhimself.B.Helikestodorepairsandmakethingshimself.C.Heisprofessionalbuilder.D.Hep

aidworkmentodecoratethehouse.8.A.Hewillchangeitanduseitasahotel.B.Hewillpullitdownandbuildanewhotel.C.

Hewillrentitoutforuseasahotel.D.Hewillsellittotheownerofahotel.9.A.Donaldisveryresponsible.B.Donaldisnothumorousatall.C.WhatDona

ldsaidistrue.D.Donald’swordsaren’treliable.10.A.Shedoesn’tlikethewaytheprofessorlectures.B.She’shavingahardtimefollowingtheprofessor’slec

tures.C.Sheisnotinterestedinthecourse.D.She’shavingdifficultywiththeheavyreadingassignments.SectionB(10%)Directions:InSectionB,you

willheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesan

dtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibl

eanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollo

wingpassage.11.A.Thecoronavirusisalsospreadingamongthemonkeys.B.Theyaresufferingfromstarvationbecauseoftherestriction

ontourism.C.Themonkeysareunlikelytocalmdownwithoutmusic.D.Thelocalswantthemonkeystolearntoappreciatemusic.12.

A.Theyweretoohungrytocareaboutit.B.Theyweresoangrythattheyclimbeduphisbodyandtouchedhishead.C.Theyreactedwildly,suchasrunnin

goverthemusician’shandsandeatinghismusic.D.Theybehavedsowildlythatthemusicianwasdistractedfromplayingmusic.13.A.Tocalmd

ownthemonkeysduringthecoronaviruscrisis.B.Tocauseconcernsaboutthosemonkey’shungerandstudytheirreactiontomusic.C.Tohelprais

efundformorefoodforthosemonkeys.D.Toentertainthosemonkeyssothattheywouldforgeteating.Questions14through16arebase

donthefollowingpassage.14.A.Youhelpedotherscuthair.B.YouhadyourhaircutC.Someoneelsedidthecutting.D.Youcutyourhairyourse

lf.15.A.Putoffthelight.B.Closethelight.C.Turnoffthelight.D.Gooffthelight.16.A.LearningEnglishcanbetricky.B.Phras

esareconfusingforEnglishlearners.C.Themeaningof“havemyhaircut”.D.Themeaningof“turnoffthelights”.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingcon

versation.17.A.WhatthemanplanstogiveJudy.B.Howhardtobuybirthdaygifts.C.Whentochoosethebirthdaygifts.D.W

heretobuybirthdaygifts.18.A.Say“Icareforyou”toJudy.B.Justgiveher$100.C.Giveheragiftcard.D.TrytobuyarealgiftJudylikes.19.A.$100.B.Arealgift.C.A

giftcard.D.Perfume.20.A.Thewomanisashopassistant.B.Judyistheman’sgirlfriend.C.ThemanwillgiveJudy$100.D.Thetwospeakersagreewitheac

hother.II.GrammarandVocabulary(28%)SectionA(10%)Directions:BeneatheachofthefollowingsentencestherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,Can

dD.Choosetheanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.AnewreportrevealsthatAmerica’spregnancy-relateddeathratesaregoingupandblackpeopleared

ying______threetimestherateofwhitepeople.A.byB.atC.inD.of【1题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：一份新的报告显示，美国与怀孕有关的死亡率正在上升，黑人的死亡率是白人的三

倍。attherateof是固定短语，意为“以……的速率”，因此空格处是介词at，故选B。2.Inrecentyears,Australia’sGreatBarrierReef______bywidespreadcoralbleachin

grepeatedly,wheremarineheatwaveshaveturnedlargepartsofthereefaghostlywhite.A.hasbeenhittingB.hashitC.hitD.hasbeenhit【2题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详

解】考查时态。句意：近年来，澳大利亚大堡礁反复遭受大面积珊瑚白化的袭击，在这里海洋热浪使大堡礁的大部分变成了幽灵般的白色。分析句子结构可知，空处做主句的谓语，根据时间状语Inrecentyears，句子应

用现在完成时态；动词hit,意为“产生不良影响；打击；危害”，与逻辑主语之间为被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态；主语Australia’sGreatBarrierReef为单数形式，助动词用has。故

填hasbeenhit。故选D项。3.TheU.S.andRussiahaveclashedoverRussia’songoingmilitaryinvasionofUkraine,butspaceremainsonearea______thetwohistoricrivalsstil

lworktogether.A.whereB.inwhereC.thatD.as【3题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美国和俄罗斯就俄罗斯对乌克兰的持续军事入侵发生了冲突，但是太空依旧是这两个历史上的竞争对手所需要合作的一个领域。“______t

hetwohistoricrivalsstillworktogether.”是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词area(领域)，且从句缺少地点状语inthearea，应用关系副词where来引导，故选A。4.Healthofficialsarguethattheprotection___

___bytheCOVIDvaccineboostershotsfadesovertime,buttheydidn’tmakeitclearhowurgentlypeopleshouldgetsecond

boosters.A.ensuringB.beingensuredC.ensuredD.havingensured【4题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：卫生官员认为，新冠疫苗加强剂确保的保护作用会随着时间的推移而消失，但他们没有说明人们应该在多

大程度上迫切地获得第二次加强剂。空处作protection的后置定语，应使用非谓语动词，ensure和protection是逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词；此处陈述一般情况，动作没有明显的先后顺序，用一般式即可。故选C。5.Ame

ricanschoolbuildingsareoldandmanyfacemajorchallengeswhenitcomesto______theirindoorairquality.A.upgradeB.upgradingC.beingupgradedD.u

pgraded【5题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：美国的学校建筑都很老旧，许多学校在改善室内空气质量方面面临着重大挑战。“whenitcomesto”是固定短语，意为“当提到”，to是介词，其后

跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是upgrading。故选B。6.______presentinganegativenucleicacidtestwithin24hours,Shanghairesidentsarenotallowedtoleavethecity.A.IfB.W

hileC.ThoughD.Unless【6题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查条件状语从句和从属连词。句意：除非24小时内核酸检测呈阴性者，上海居民一律不准出上海市。A.If如果；B.While当，尽管；C.Thou

gh虽然，尽管：D.Unless除非，如果不。根据句意可知，如果24小时内核酸检测是阴性，市民可以出城，unless相当于if...not...，引导条件状语从句，如果24小时内核酸检测不是阴性，那就不能出城。故选D项。

7.______ofthehighsuccessrate,theoldmanclungtothehopeoffindingasuitablehusbandforhisdaughterthroughthisTVprogram.A.AssuringB.Havingassur

edC.AssuredD.Beingassured【7题答案】【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：确信有高成功率，老人就抱着希望，希望通过这个节目为女儿找到一个合适的丈夫。分析句子结构可知，句中谓语是clu

ng，空格处用非谓语动词，beassuredof是固定短语，意为“确信”，因此空格处用过去分词assured作状语，故选C。8.Weshouldtakeintoaccountstudents’suggestionthatthescho

ollibrary______morebooksonpopularscience.A.provideB.providedC.providingD.provides【8题答案】【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们应该考虑学生们的建议，即学校图书馆提供更多的科

普书籍。suggestion（建议）后的同位语从句要使用(should)do的虚拟语气，其中should可省略，故选A。9.ThepriceofCOVID-19nucleicacidtestsissaid______furthernextyearton

omorethan28yuanperpersonforasingletest.A.beingloweredB.tobeloweredC.loweredD.tobeinglowered【9题答案】【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据悉，明年新冠病毒核酸检测费用将进一

步降低到每人不超过28元。此处考查固定句型“besaid+动词不定式”，意为“据说要......”，所以此处应用动词不定式做朱语补足语，动词lower，意为“减少，降低”，与逻辑主语price之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动语态。故填tobelowered。故选B项。10.Qingming,

meaningclearandbright,marksthearrivalofspring.Itisthen______seedsareplantedandfarmersstartrearingsilkworms.A.whichB.wh

oseC.inwhichD.that【10题答案】【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：清明意味着气清景明，标志着春天的到来。就在那时，种子被种下，农民开始养蚕。强调句型：It+is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其它部分；在强调句中，当

被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that。结合句意，分析句子可知，本句使用了强调句型，强调的是时间状语then，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故选D。SectionB(8%)Directions:Completethesentenceswit

hthewordsorphrasesinthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereisoneextrathatyoudonotneed.A.boundB.temporaryC.armD.appealE.embrace

F.negotiateG.elaborateH.substituteI.immersion11.Moreandmoreparentsaresendingkidsto______schoolswheretheyteachmostofthe

dayinalanguageyoudon’tspeak.12.Thoughvitaminpillscanpreventsomediseasesandslowaging,theyareno_______forahealthydiet.13.Caughtinaheavyrainonhisw

ayhome,hehadnochoicebuttoclingtoabigtreefor______shelter.14.Thespeaker’sproposalcallsforthefederalgovernmentto______pricesforthetop250mostexp

ensivedrugsonthemarket.15.Theseguidebooks______thetravelerswithavarietyofusefulinformationincaseofemergencyduringthetour.16.Ruralho

mestaysaregaininginpopularityasmoretouristswanttogetawayfromthehustleandbustleofcitiesand______nature.17.Thiswell

-receivedfilmhasgreat______foryoungaudiences,whoarefascinatedbythecomputer-generatedspecialeffects.18.Hesaidhehadnewevidenceforthemys

teriouscase,butrefusedto______anyfurtheronthedetails.【11~18题答案】【答案】11.I12.H13.B14.F15.C16.E17.D18.G【解析】【11题详解】考查

名词。句意：越来越多的家长把孩子送到沉浸式学校，在那里，他们大部分时间都在用一种你不会说的语言教学。根据空后“wheretheyteachmostofthedayinalanguageyoudon’tspeak”可知，此处是指“沉浸式学校”，immersion沉浸，浸入，名词作定语，修

饰名词schools。故选I项。【12题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然维生素药片可以预防一些疾病和延缓衰老，但它们不能代替健康的饮食。空处应填名词作therebe句型的主语，结合句意可知，substitute替代品，代替物，符合题意。故选H项。【13题详解】考查形容词。句

意：在回家的路上遇到了一场大雨，他别无选择，只能靠在一棵大树上临时避雨。空处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词shelter，结合句意可知，temporary临时的，符合题意。故选B项。【14题详解】考查动词。句意：发言者的提案要求联邦政府对市场上

最昂贵的250种药物进行价格谈判。分析句子可知，空处应填动词，结合句意可知，negotiate谈判，洽谈，符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，空处用动词原形。故选F项。【15题详解】考查动词。句意：这些导游手册为旅行者提供了各种有用的信息，以备旅行期间遇到紧急情况时使用。空处是谓语动

词，结合句意可知，arm武装，配备，提供，armsbwithsth用某物武装某人，固定短语，句子是一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词应用原形。故选C项。【16题详解】考查动词。句意：乡村民宿越来越受欢迎，因为越来越多的游客想要远离城市的喧嚣，拥抱自然。结合“get

awayfromthehustleandbustleofcities”可知，此处指“拥抱自然”，embrace拥抱，符合题意。故选E项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：这部广受欢迎的电影对年轻观众有很大的吸引力，

他们被电脑生成的特效迷住了。空处应填名词作宾语，结合“whoarefascinatedbythecomputer-generatedspecialeffects”可知，此处指“对年轻人有很大的吸引力”，appeal吸引力，不可数名

词。故选D项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：他说他有这个神秘案件的新证据，但拒绝说明更多细节。分析句子可知，空处应填动词，结合空后的“anyfurtheronthedetails”可知，elaborat

e详细说明，详尽阐述，符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，空处用动词原形。故选G项。SectionC(10%)Directions:Completethepassagewiththewordsinthebox.Ea

chwordcanonlybeusedonce.Thereisoneextrathatyoudonotneed.A.imperfectionsB.virtualC.admittedlyD.distortionE.sparkF.surprisinglyG.

focusH.repeatI.increasinglyJ.heightenedK.mixedFeelingUglyonZoomJane,a40-year-oldmentalhealthprofessi

onalfromIreland,neverworriedtoomuchabouthowshelooked.However,whenherjobwentfully____19____,shefoundherselfdesperate

lyanxiousaboutMicrosoftTeams(video)meetings.Herfacelookedrounder,hernoselookedbigger,andhertopliplookedthinnerthanshehadevernoticeditwhilelook

inginthemirror.“I’vealwaysthoughtthatIwasattractive,andpeoplewouldalwayscomplimentmylooksinperson,”Janesa

ys.“Butonvideo,nobodywassayinghowniceitwastoseemyprettyface.”InJune2021,Janetookmattersintoherownhands—orrather,herli

ps—andgotherwrinklesplumpedwithfiller.Shewassopleasedwiththeresultsthatsheplansto____20____theprocesseveryyear.Asthepandemicforcedthemassesintovide

oconferencesthroughout2020,researchersnoticedaphenomenontheycalled“Zoomdysmorphia”(畸形恐惧症).Aftermonthsofremotemeetingsands

ocialgatherings—andseeingtheirownfacesonscreen—moreandmorepeoplebecamefocusedontheirphysical____21____.ShadiKour

osh,aMassachusettsdermatologist(皮肤科医生),coinedthetermafterherclinicreopenedforin-personappointmentsinthesummerof2020,whenshenoti

cedahugeincreaseinconsultationsforcosmeticprocedures.Evenmore____22____,withthereturntoface-to-faceinteraction,c

onsultationrequestsarenotslowingdown.WhilethetrendmaynotonlybeattributabletoZoom,itisclearthattheageofvideoconferencinghasopenedupaPandora

’sboxofphysicalandmentalinsecurities.Psychologicalstudieshavelongassociatedtimespentinfrontofthemirrorwithone’s____23

____feelingsofinsecurity.However,Kouroshsaysthatlookingatyourselfonascreenismorelikelookingintoafunhousemi

rrorthananactualone.Front-facingcameras,withtheirclose____24____,candistort(使……失真)people’sappearance,makingeyeslo

oksmallerandnosesseembigger.Plus,peoplearenotusedtowatchingthemselveswhiletryingtopayattentiontootherpeop

le.Doctorswhoperformcosmeticproceduresarefamiliarwithhowthephenomenonofbodydysmorphiahasbecome____25____worsenedin

recentyearsbyretouched(润饰的)celebrityphotosor,evenmorerecently,bysocialmediafilters.Butmostpeopleareself-awareenoughtok

nowasocialmediafilterisnotreallife.Zoomdysmorphiaistrickerbecausepeoplesimplywerenotawarethatvideocallscouldcause____26____.Thesetypesofinsecu

ritiesalsoaffectamuchbroadersectionofsociety.NoteverybodyhasaSnapchataccount,butalmostanybodywhoworkedfromhomeduringthepandemicusedvideoconfe

rencing.Theimpactcanbeprofoundandlasting.Janehas____27____feelings.Herjobwillbeonlinefortheforeseeablefuture.Feelinglessattractiveons

creenthaninreallife,sheisconsideringarhinoplasty(隆鼻术)toimproveherconfidence.“Butresolvingmyanxietyaboutmyphysicalappearanceislikelyto____28____itsown

kindofinsecurity,”shesays.“Itfeelsjuvenile(幼稚的)asa40-year-oldwomentothinkaboutmylookslikeateenager.There’rebiggerproblemsinth

eworld.”【19~28题答案】【答案】19.B20.H21.A22.F23.J24.G25.I26.D27.K28.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了疫情导致人们远程见面，人们看到屏幕上的

自己很不满意，产生畸形恐惧症，开始进行整容。但视频通话中人们看起来不完美的真正原因是由于面前的摄像头失真，导致人们身体变形。【19题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，当她的工作完全虚拟化时，她发现自己对微软团队（视频）会议极度焦虑。由下文“MicrosoftTe

ams(video)meetings.”可知，Jane的工作会议在线上进行，即视频会议，所以此处指她的工作完全虚拟化，go是系动词，意为“变得”，后面应用形容词，virtual意为“虚拟的”，故选B。【20题详解】考查动词。句意：她对结果非常满意，她计划每年都重复这个过程。

由上下文“Shewassopleasedwiththeresultsthatsheplansto_______theprocesseveryyear.”可知，Jane对整形结果很满意，所以决定以后每年都做，plantodosth.计划做某事，所以空处用动词原形，动词rep

eat意为“重复”，故选H。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：经过数月的远程会面和社交聚会——以及在屏幕上看到自己的面孔——越来越多的人开始关注自己身体的缺陷。由下文“whenshenoticedahugeincreaseincon

sultationsforcosmeticprocedures(当时她注意到整容手术的咨询量大幅增加)”可知，ShadiKourosh诊所重新开放后，咨询整容手术的人们大幅增加，这说明疫情导致人们在屏幕上看到自己的不完美，开始关注自

己的身体上缺陷，由此可知，空处表示“缺陷”应用名词imperfection做宾语，且为可数名词，此处是泛指，应用复数形式，故选A。【22题详解】考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，随着面对面交流的回归，咨询请求

并没有减缓。由下文“withthereturntoface-to-faceinteraction,consultationrequestsarenotslowingdown.”可知，虽然人们可以面对面交流，不再视频会面，但是人们还是想

改变自己的身体缺陷，这是令人很惊讶的，所以空处应用副词surprisingly修饰整个句子，作状语，意为“令人惊讶地”，故选F。【23题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：长期以来，心理学研究一直认为，长时间

坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感。由上文“Psychologicalstudieshavelongassociatedtimespentinfrontofthemirrorwithone’s”可知，心理

学研究认为，长时间坐在镜子前面，会增加人们的不安全感，空处做定语，修饰短语feelingsofinsecurity，动词heighten(提高；增加)与feelingsofinsecurity(安全感)二者之间是被动关系，所以此处应用过去分词heighten

ed做定语，意为“增加的”，故选J。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：面前的相机，由于它们的近距离聚焦，会扭曲人们的外表，使眼睛看起来更小，鼻子看起来更大。由上文“withtheirclose”可知，相机的近距离聚焦会扭曲人们的外表，所以空处表示“聚焦”应用名词focus做宾语，且为不可

数名词，故选G。【25题详解】考查副词。句意：做整容手术的医生都知道，近年来，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，使身体变形现象日益恶化。由下文“worsenedinrecentyearsbyretouched(润饰的)celebrityphotosor,eve

nmorerecently,bysocialmediafilters”可知，名人照片的修饰，甚至社交媒体的过滤，使身体变形现象日益恶化，空处应用副词修饰动词worsened(恶化；变坏)，意为“不断增加地”，应用increasingly，故选I。【26题详解】考查名词。句

意：畸形恐惧症是个骗局，因为人们没有意识到视频通话会造成失真。由上文“Front-facingcameras,withtheirclose_________,candistort(使……失真)people’sappearance”可知，视频通话会造成失真，所以空处应用名词distorti

on(失真)做宾语，且此处为不可数名词，故选D。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意：Jane的感情很复杂。由下文“Itfeelsjuvenile(幼稚的)asa40-year-oldwomentothinkaboutmylookslikea

teenager.There’rebiggerproblemsintheworld”可知，Jane的感情很复杂，因为她看到自己在屏幕上不那么好看想整形，但是她又认为自己很幼稚，空处应用形容词mixed做定语，修饰名词feelings，

意为“复杂的”，故选K。【28题详解】考查动词。句意：“但是解决我对自己外表的焦虑可能会引发一种不安全感，”她说。由下文“Itfeelsjuvenile(幼稚的)asa40-year-oldwomentothinkaboutmylooksli

keateenager”可知，Jane认为自己整形很幼稚，虽然整形能解决自己对外表的焦虑，但是会引发一种不安全感，belikelytodo意为“可能做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形spark，意为“引起”，故选E。II.ReadingComprehension(36%)

SectionA(15%)Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphras

ethatbestfitsthecontext.Mypaststudentsarestartingtoorganizeascientificconferenceformy60thbirthdaytobeheldabout

ayearfromnow.TheirgestureremindedmeofRabbiHanina’swords:“Ihavelearnedmuchfrommyteachers,morefrommycolleaguesandthemostfrommystudent

s.”Weallstartedasstudents.Justaskidsbumpintothingsasthey’relearningto____29____theworld,manyofushavescarsfromearlyencounterswit

hourmentors.____30____arisewhenthosementorsattempttoestablishtheirauthoritybytryingtomakeusrespecttraditionalthinking.Memoriesoftheseeven

tsshouldencourageustodobetteraswe____31____rolesandmentorotherslaterinlife.Forexample,thefirstadviceIreceivedfrommypostdoctoralmento

rwastodevelopspecializedskillsandfocusthemona____32____field,whereIwouldestablishmyselfastheworldexpert.____33____,Idecidednottofollowthisadv

iceassoonasIrecognizedbydrillingdownnarrowly,oneoftenfailstomakefurtherprogress.Inthesesituations,thepotentialfora____34____improveswithabroa

derandmoreflexibleperspective,whichenables“outofthebox”opportunitiesfordrillingdeeperaroundit.Keepingthisinmind,I

encouragemystudentstothinkbroadlyand____35____aboutthemostexcitingproblemsinastronomy,suchas:“Whathappenedbefo

rethebigbang?”;“Whatwillhappeninourdistantcosmicfuture?”;“Whatisthenatureofdarkmatter?”;or“Whendidlifestartint

heuniverse?”Itiscustomarytoconsiderastudent’srawpotentialasastand-alonecommoditywhosevaluecanbe____36____throughexaminations.Butmyexperi

encetaughtmethatyoungscientistsdonotblossomintoexceptionalresearchers____37____theyaresupportedbyencouragingwords

andinspiration;theseingredientsareas_____38_____asnutritionandwaterareforseedsofflowers._____39_____theinitialbeli

efinthepotentialofastudenttobecomeasuccessfulscientist,thisoutcomemaynotcometrue.AschairoftheHarvardastronomydepartmentforalmostadecade,Iwitnes

sedmanyexamplesofstudentswhowereinitiallyveryslowtomakeprogressbutblossomedacademicallyassoonastheyselectedadifferentadvisorandanewtopicforth

eirPh.D.Agoodmentor_____40_____thestrengthsofthementee.Asaresult,asuccessfulmentoringexperienceoftenreflectsagood_____41_____between

afledgling(新手的)scientistandanadvisor.TheyshouldbothbecongratulatedfortheirsharedacademicDNA.Ontheonehand,mentorsgetakickfromOscarWilde’sinsig

ht:“Imitationisthesincerestformofflattery...”Butontheotherhand,theyshouldallowstudentstobreakfreefromthe___

__42_____pathwithcreativity.Theruleofthumbistogiveyoungscholarsjustenoughspacetoexplorefreelyandlearnfromtheir_____43_____withoutdamagingthedirect

ionoftheirfuturecareers.Thelearningcurvescouldbesteep;someofmy50studentsoverthepastfewdecadesstartedslowbutevent

uallyrosetothegreatestheights.Patienceiskey.29.A.processB.exploreC.reformD.include30.A.ConflictsB.NegotiationsC.ApprovalsD.Mysteries31.A.p

layB.denyC.accessD.change32.A.commercialB.strangeC.narrowD.broad33.A.ThereforeB.AdditionallyC.HoweverD.Consequently34.A.failure

B.obligationC.ignoranceD.breakthrough35.A.independentlyB.mutuallyC.temporarilyD.undoubtedly36.A.embracedB.evaluatedC.containedD.imposed

37.A.ifB.lestC.whileD.unless38.A.crucialB.elaborateC.unpredictableD.inaccessible39.A.WithinB.GivenC.WithoutD.Dueto40.A.spotsB.hidesC.ap

pliesD.recalls41.A.argumentB.interactionC.criticismD.interview42.A.beatenB.brokenC.chaoticD.fresh43.A.mentorsB.imitationsC.fortuneD.mistakes【2

9~43题答案】【答案】29.B30.A31.D32.C33.C34.D35.A36.B37.D38.A39.C40.A41.B42.A43.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们，作为导师，要对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语，给

予他们灵感的支持，并允许他们用创造力打破常规，且在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下，让他们自由探索，从错误中吸取教训。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：就像孩子们在学习探索世界的过程中偶然遇到一些事情一样，我们中的许多人，

在与导师的初次接触中都会碰壁。A.process处理；B.explore探索；C.reform改革；D.include包括。由上文“Justaskidsbumpintothingsasthey’relearningto”可知，

孩子们是学习探索世界，故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当那些导师试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现。A.Conflicts冲突；B.Negotiations商谈；C.Appro

vals批准；D.Mysteries神秘的事物。由上文“manyofushavescarsfromearlyencounterswithourmentors”和下文“arisewhenthosementorsattempttoestablishtheirauthorityb

ytryingtomakeusrespecttraditionalthinking.”可知，初次和导师见面可能会碰壁，而当那些导师试图通过让我们尊重传统思维来树立他们的权威时，冲突就会出现，故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

这些事件的记忆应该鼓励我们做得更好，因为我们改变了角色，并在以后的生活中指导他人。A.play扮演；B.deny否认；C.access接近；D.change改变。由下文“mentorotherslaterinlife”可知，我们由学生变成导师，这是角色的改变，故选D。【

32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，我从我的博士后导师那里得到的第一个建议就是发展专业技能，并将它们集中在一个狭窄的领域，在这样的领域中我将建立自己作为世界专家的地位。A.commercial商业的；B.strange奇怪的；C.

narrow狭窄的；D.broad广泛的。由下文“IdecidednottofollowthisadviceassoonasIrecognizedbydrillingdownnarrowly,oneoftenfai

lstomakefurtherprogress.(我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有取得进一步的进展。)”可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，因为作者认为狭隘地深入研究不会取得进步，由此可知，作者的博士后导师建议作者在一个狭窄的领域进行研究，故选C

。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我决定不遵循这个建议，因为我认识到，通过狭隘地深入研究，往往没有取得进一步的进展。A.Therefore因此；B.Additionally此外；C.However然而；D.Consequently结果

。由下文“Idecidednottofollowthisadvice”可知，作者没有遵循导师的建议，所以前后是转折关系，应用however，故选C。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这些情况下，突破的可能性随着更广泛和更灵活的视角而提高，这使得“打破常规”的机会能够钻得更深。

A.failure失败；B.obligation责任；义务；C.ignorance忽略；D.breakthrough突破。由下文“whichenables“outofthebox”opportunitiesfordrillingdeeperaroundit.”可知，打破常规即是一种突破，

故选D。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：记住这一点，我鼓励我的学生们对天文学中最令人兴奋的问题，进行广泛而独立的思考，比如：“宇宙大爆炸之前发生了什么?”A.independently独立地；B.mutually互相地；C.temporarily暂时地；D.undoubtedly毋庸置

疑地。由上文“Iencouragemystudentstothinkbroadlyand”可知，作者鼓励自己的学生进行广泛而独立的思考，故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：习惯上认为学生的原始潜力是一种

独立的商品，其价值可以通过考试来评估。A.embraced拥抱；欣然接受；B.evaluated评估；C.contained包含；D.imposed强加于。由下文“throughexaminations.”可知，考试能评估学生的原始潜力价值，故选B

。【37题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A.if如果；B.lest

以免；C.while当……时候；然而；D.unless除非。由下文“theyaresupportedbyencouragingwordsandinspiration”可知，作者认为年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持，此处是条件状语

从句，应用unless来引导，故选D。【38题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我的经验告诉我，年轻的科学家不会成为杰出的研究人员，除非他们得到鼓舞人心的话语和灵感的支持；这些成分对于花的种子来说，就像营养和水一样重要。A.crucial决

定性的；至关重要的；B.elaborate复杂的；C.unpredictable不可预知的；D.inaccessible难以接近的。由上下文“theseingredientsareas_____10_

____asnutritionandwaterareforseedsofflowers.”可知，作者认为对年轻科学家说鼓舞人心的话语，给他们灵感的支持，这很至关重要，这就像营养和水对花来说是不可或缺的一样，故选A。【39题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果最初不相信学生有成为成功科学家的

潜力，这个结果可能不会实现。A.Within在……之内；B.Given考虑到；C.Without没有；D.Dueto由于。由下文“theinitialbeliefinthepotentialofastudenttobecomeasuccessfulscientist,t

hisoutcomemaynotcometrue.”可知，如果最初不相信学生有成为成功科学家的潜力，那么学生不可能成为成功的科学家，故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个好的导师能发现学员的长处。A.spots发现；看到；B.hides隐藏；C.applies应用；D.rec

alls回想。由上文“Iwitnessedmanyexamplesofstudentswhowereinitiallyveryslowtomakeprogressbutblossomedacademic

allyassoonastheyselectedadifferentadvisorandanewtopicfortheirPh.D.(我见过很多学生的例子，他们一开始进步很慢，但是一旦他们选择了一个不同的导师和一个新的博士课题，他们在学术

上就成功了)”和空前空后“Agoodmentor_____12_____thestrengthsofthementee.”可知，好的导师能使学生取得成功，是因为他能发现学生身上的长处，故选A。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，一次成功的指导

经验往往反映了一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的良好互动。A.argument争论；B.interaction互动；交流；C.criticism批评；D.interview采访；面试。由下文“Theyshouldbothbecongratulated

fortheirsharedacademicDNA.(他们都有共同的学术基因，值得祝贺。)”可知，此处指一个初出茅庐的科学家和一个导师之间的良好互动，故选B。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但另一方面，

他们应该允许学生用创造力打破常规。A.beaten踏平的；被击败的；B.broken损坏的；C.chaotic混乱的；D.fresh新鲜的。由上下文“theyshouldallowstudentstobreakfreefromthe_____14_____pathwithcreativity.

”可知，导师学生应该学生用创造力打破常规，beatenpath固定搭配，意为“常规”，故选A。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经验法则是给予年轻学者足够的空间，在不损害他们未来的职业方向的前提下，让他们

自由探索，从错误中吸取教训。A.mentors导师；B.imitations模仿；C.fortune好运；D.mistakes错误。由上文“explorefreelyandlearnfromtheir”可知，

导师要让学生自由探索，然后从错误中吸取教训，故选D。SectionB(15%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfin

ishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhav

ejustread.(A)YoumayhaveheardofaJapaneseTVshowcalledPUIPUIMOLCAR.Theshowfeaturescuteguineapigcarsgettingintoallsortsofcrazysituations.Inadditiont

othecharmingcharacters,peoplelovetheshow’squirkystyleofanimation,whichisknownasstopmotion,andit’satechniquewit

halongandinterestinghistory.Inastop-motionfilm,thecharactersarerepresentedbymodels,puppets,ortoys.Theanimatorarra

ngestheminthedesiredposition,takesaphotograph,adjustseachobject’spositionslightly,takesanotherphoto,a

ndrepeatstheprocess.Whenallthesephotosarearrangedinsequence,theobjectsappeartobemoving.ThefirstuseofthistechniquewasinashortfilmcalledTheHumpty

DumptyCircusin1898.InearlyHollywood,filmdirectorsbegantoblendstop-motionwithliveactiontocreate(atthetime)jaw-droppingspecialeffects.

Forexample,the1925fantasyfilmTheLostWorldfeaturedscarystop-motiondinosaurschasingrealactors.Indeed,thebrainsbehindthos

erevolutionarytechniques,theanimatorWillisO’Brien,wouldgoontocreateperhapstheworld’smostfamousstop-motionmon

ster—thegiantgorillain1933’sKingKong.Bythe1990s,stop-motionwasbeingusedineverything,includingmovies,TVadvert

isements,andmusicvideos.ProgramsliketheSwissclaymationseriesPingucharmedaudienceswiththeirendearingcharactersandstyle.Thensuddenly,everythingchanged

.Computer-generatedimages(CGI)withspecialeffectsbegantoreallytakeoff.Directorswereeagertoexplorethepossibilities

ofthiscutting-edgetechnologyandquicklygavestopmotiontheboot.Andalthoughseveraloutstandingstop-motion

movieswerereleasedinthe‘90s(TheNightmarebeforeChristmas,forexample),itwasPixar’s3-DanimatedhitToyStorythatwouldbecomethedeca

de’sdefininganimatedmovie.Formorethan10years,stop-motionmostlyfelloutoffashion.Bythelate2000s,however,audienceswerebecomingtiredofth

elookandfeelofCGI.Today,stop-motionmoviesareonceagainmakingwaves.TVserieslikeShauntheSheeparepopularallovertheworld.FilmslikeTheLeg

oMovieevenuseCGItoimitatestop-motionanimation.Onestudioinparticular,Laika,hascreatedfivestop-motionpicturessince

2009,allofwhichwerenominatedforBestAnimatedFeatureattheOscars.44.Astop-motionfilmismadeby______.A.creatingstop-motioneffectsbas

edonvideoclipsofrealhumansB.arrangingphotosofslightlydifferentpositionsinorderC.takingphotographsofvariouscharactersrandomlyD.using

computertechniquestocreatemovingobjects45.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEregardingthehistoryofstop-motionfilms?A.Thespecialeffectscr

eatedinthe1925film“TheLostWorld”waspoorly-received.B.Theperformanceofarealgorillain1933’sKingKongcausedgreatexcitement.C.

Stop-motionfilmsbegantoloseitspopularityinthe1990s,givingwaytoCGI.D.ToyStorywasnotassuccessfulasthestop-motionmovieTheNightmareb

eforeChristmas.46.Theunderlinedexpression“gave……theboot”probablymeans______.A.dismissedB.praisedC.releasedD.recalled47.Itisimpli

edinthelastparagraphthat______.A.somefilmcompaniesintendtofurtherimprovethestop-motionfilmmakingbycooperatingwith

theOscars.B.thoughCGIfilmsarenotaspopularastheyusedtobe,theyarestillfavoredbytheOscars.C.audiencesacrosstheworldarereadytoappreciatetheimpressivea

rtofstop-motionfilmsonceagain.D.stop-motionfilmsareregainingpopularitybecauseofthedecliningcomputer-generatedspecialeffects.【44~47

题答案】【答案】44.B45.C46.A47.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了定格电影悠久而有趣的历史故事。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Inastop-motionfilm,thecharactersare

representedbymodels,puppets,ortoys.Theanimatorarrangestheminthedesiredposition,takesaphotograph,adjustsea

chobject’spositionslightly,takesanotherphoto,andrepeatstheprocess.(在定格电影中，角色由模特、木偶或玩具来表现。动画师将它们安排在所需的位置，拍摄一张

照片。稍微调整每个对象的位置，再拍摄一张照片，然后重复该过程)”可知，定格电影是通过稍微调整每个对象的位置，重复拍照来制作的。B选项“arrangingphotosofslightlydifferentpositionsinorder(按顺序

排列稍微不同位置的照片)”符合文意。故选B项。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Thensuddenly,everythingchanged.Computer-generatedimages(CGI)withspecialeffectsbegantoreallytakeoff.Direc

torswereeagertoexplorethepossibilitiesofthiscutting-edgetechnologyandquicklygavestopmotiontheboot.(然

后突然，一切都变了。带有特殊效果的计算机生成图像（CGI）开始真正流行起来。导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，并迅速将stopmotion退出。)”可知，到了20世纪90年代,计算机生成图像（CGI）开始流行起来,stopmotion被

逐渐抛弃。C选项“Stop-motionfilmsbegantoloseitspopularityinthe1990s,givingwaytoCGI.(定格电影在20世纪90年代开始失去人气，取而代之的是CGI。)”符合文意。故选C项。【46题详解

】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“Computer-generatedimages(CGI)withspecialeffectsbegantoreallytakeoff.Directorswereeagertoexplorethepossibilit

iesofthiscutting-edgetechnologyandquicklygavestopmotiontheboot.(带有特殊效果的计算机生成图像(CGI)开始真正流行起来。导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，并迅速give定格电影theboot。)”可知，到了20

世纪90年代,计算机生成图像（CGI）开始流行起来,导演们急于探索这项尖端技术的可能性，所以定格电影的技术就被逐渐抛弃。所以划线处部分的意思为“抛弃”，A选项“dismissed(不予考虑、解雇)”符合文意。故选A项。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据文

章最后一段“Today,stop-motionmoviesareonceagainmakingwaves.TVserieslikeShauntheSheeparepopularallovertheworld.FilmslikeTheLegoMovieevenuseCGItoimitatestop

-motionanimation.Onestudioinparticular,Laika,hascreatedfivestop-motionpicturessince2009,allofwhichwerenomina

tedforBestAnimatedFeatureattheOscars.(如今，定格电影再次掀起波澜。像《肖恩的羊》这样的电视剧在全世界都很受欢迎。像乐高这样的电影甚至使用CGI来模拟定格动画。特别是一家名为莱卡的工作室，自2009年以来已经创作了五部

电影，所有这些电影都获得了奥斯卡最佳动画片提名。)”可知，定格电影再次流行起来，多部电影甚至获得了奥斯卡最佳动画片提名。C选项“audiencesacrosstheworldarereadytoappreciate

theimpressiveartofstop-motionfilmsonceagain.(世界各地的观众已经准备好再次欣赏令人印象深刻的定格电影艺术。)”符合文意。故选C项。(B)SavingsYouCanPhoneInCostsaregoingupandmoneyist

ight,soanywaystosavemoneyaregoingtobemorethanwelcome.Oneareait’scommontooverspendisyourmobilephone.Youreallysh

ouldn’tbepayingmorethan£8or£10amonth,soifyou’recurrentlycharged£20,that’satleast£120savedayear.Andifyourbillisevenhigher,th

esavingswillbeevenbigger.Sohowdoyoudothis?Herearemyquickandsimplewaystoreduceyourbills.DitchyourexistingnetworkThoughther

eseemtobedozensofdifferentmobilenetworks,thereareactuallyonlyfourdifferentsignals.TheseareprovidedbythebigfourofEE,O2,ThreeandVodafone.Alltheothers“

piggyback”ononeofthose,meaningyoucanfindthesamesignalandcoverage(though5Gmightnotbeincluded—we’llcomebacktothat).Sothere’snoneedtobescare

dthatchangingproviderwillmeanyoulosereception.Thisopensuparaftof(usually)cheaperalternatives.Doyouneed5G?Thefastestspeedscomewith5Gcoverag

e,andit’stemptingtochooseanetworkthatoffersthis.Buttotakeadvantageyouneedtwothings.A5Gcapablephoneandfor5Gtobese

tupinyourarea.Ifyoudon’thavebothofthese,thenit’sworthshoppingaroundforacheaper4GSIM.Don’tupdateyourhandset.G

oingSIM-onlyisasurefirewaytocutcosts.Bykeepingyourexistingphoneforanotheryearortwo,you’llreduceyourmonthlypaymentstojustthecalls,d

ataandtextsallowance.Ifyoudoneedorwanttoupgrade,thentrytobuyitoutright.Yes,thiscouldprovecostly,butusin

gsavingswillhelpyouavoidahiddensurchargemanynetworksaddviacontracts.TurnoffdataabroadAsaresultofleavingtheEU,s

omeofthenetworkshaveditchedfreemobileroaming(漫游)inEurope.Thiscouldleadtoveryexpensiveextrachargesforusingyourphone

onholiday,somakesureyoucheckthecostsleviedbyyourproviderwhenabroad.Somehaveintroduceddailycaps,butthey’renota

lwaysvalidoutsideEurope.Andevenifyoudon’tactivelyuseyourphonewhenaway,manyappsarestillusingdatainthebackgro

und.Oneeasywaytoavoidtheseextrasistoturnoffdataroamingbeforeyouleavethecountry.Youshouldalsofindoutwhetheryou’llbechargedtoreceivevoicema

ilmessages.Ifso,turnthatofftoobeforeyoudepart.Checkyou’reoutofcontractThesesavingswillcomewhenyoudon’thaveacontra

ct.Thatallowsyoutochangeyourplanorevenyournetwork.Butifyouarestillinthemidstofacontractthatlasts12,18,24ormoremonths,y

ou’llneedtowaitorfaceearlycancellationcharges.Putthedateinthediary,andcomebacktothisarticletostartcutt

ingyourbill.48.Changingmobilenetworkproviderwillnotleadtoyourlosingreceptionbecause______.A.thecheaperprovidersa

reindependentofthebigfouronesB.thecheaperprovidersrelyonthebigfouronesforsignalandcoverageC.thealternativeprovidersareequippedwiththelatest5Gne

tworkD.thereisfiercecompetitionamongvariousproviderstoofferthebestsignal49.Whatmayhappenifdataroamingisstillfunctioningwhenyouaretravel

lingabroad?A.Itwillturnoffautomaticallywhenreachingthedailycaps.B.Manyappswillprovideusefuldatainthebackgroundfreeofch

arge.C.Extrachargesarelikelytobecausedforusingyourphoneabroad.D.Voicemailmessageswillbeinaccessibledu

etotheimproperuseofroaming.50.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Themoremoneyyouspendonyourmobilephone,themoresurplus(剩余额)youw

illhave.B.A4GSIMismoreaffordableandhasaccessto5Gaslongastheareaiscovered.C.Yourcostsformanyserviceswillbehigherifyoudon’tupdat

ethehandsetwithinayear.D.Cancelingacontractaheadofthescheduledperiodmayresultinyourpayingextracharges.【48~50题答案】【答案】48.B49.C50.

D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几个节约手机费用的简单方法。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据Ditchyourexistingnetwork部分的“TheseareprovidedbythebigfourofEE,O2,ThreeandVodafone.Allth

eothers‘piggyback’ononeofthose,meaningyoucanfindthesamesignalandcoverage.Sothere’snoneedtobescaredthatchangingproviderwillmeanyoulosereceptio

n.Thisopensuparaftof(usually)cheaperalternatives.(这些服务由EE、O2、Three和沃达丰这四大公司提供。所有其他的都“依附”在其中一个上，这意味着你可以找到相同的信号和覆盖范围。因此，没有必要担心更

换供应商意味着您将失去信号。这开辟了一大批更便宜的替代品)”可知，更换网络供应商不会导致失去信号，因为其他依附四大公司的供应商会提供相同的信号和覆盖范围，而且价格还更便宜。故选B。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据Turnoffdataab

road部分的“AsaresultofleavingtheEU,someofthenetworkshaveditchedfreemobileroaming(漫游)inEurope.Thiscouldle

adtoveryexpensiveextrachargesforusingyourphoneonholiday,somakesureyoucheckthecostsleviedbyyourproviderwhenabroad.(由于脱离欧盟，一些网络已经放弃了欧洲的免费移动漫游。这可

能会导致你在度假时使用手机收取非常昂贵的额外费用，所以当你在国外时，一定要查看提供商收取的费用)”可知，如果在国外旅行时数据漫游继续运行会导致非常昂贵的额外费用。故选C。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据Checkyou’reoutofcontract部分的“Butifyo

uarestillinthemidstofacontractthatlasts12,18,24ormoremonths,you’llneedtowaitorfaceearlycancellationcharges.(但如果你的合同持续12个月、18个月、24个月或更长时间，你需要等待，否则

将面临提前取消合同的费用)”可知，提前取消合同可能会导致你支付额外费用。故选D。(C)Imagineorderingsomethingonline.Then,imaginethatitembeingdeliveredinjustaf

ewminutesbyadrone.Believeitornot,thismaybeprobableinthenearfuture.Droneshavebeenusedbymilitariessincethe1970s.Theyrefert

othemasunmannedaerialvehicles,orUAVs.However,overthelasttwodecades,dronetechnologyhasadvancedrapidlyandisincreasing

lyavailabletothepublic.Infact,droneshavealreadystarteddoingworkinmanydifferentindustries.Butisthisgoingtobeagoo

dthingorabadthing?Ontheplusside,dronescandomanythingsfasterandmoreefficientlythanpeople.Forexample,duringanemergency,dronescanquicklylocatei

njuredpeoplebyusingspecialcameras.Theycanalsodistributefood,water,andmedicalsuppliestopeopleinhard-to-reachordangerousplac

es.Dronesarenotjustflyingvehicles.Sometravelonlandandsea,andsomeevenworkonfarms!Selfdrivingtractorsarebeingdevelopedtohelpoutfarmers,andflyingdrone

smaysoonbeusedtospreadseeds.Asforthesea,anautonomoussailboatwasrecentlylaunchedtocollectdataabouttheoceanandatmosphere.Dronescantrulyhelppeopleinman

yways.Theyarestartingtobeusedinawidevarietyofapplications,fromhealthcaretomining.Eventhoughdronescanbeveryuseful,somepeoplebeliev

edronesalsohavesomemajorproblemsthatshouldbetakenintoconsideration.Oneofthebiggestconcernsaboutdronesisprivacy.Whatifadroneentersyourhouseandtak

esalookaround?Dependingonlocalregulations,theremaynotbelawspreventingdronesfromdoingthis.Dronetechnologyischangingsoquicklythatit’shardforgo

vernmentstokeepup!Dronesareoftenusedtoflyaroundandcollectdata.Thisdataisthenuploadedtothecloud.Unfortunately,hackers

aresometimesabletostealthedatawhenitisbeinguploaded.Flyingdronescanalsoposeadangertoaircraft.Manyairportshavereportedclosecal

lswithdrones.Dronesarenotperfect.Inthewronghands,theycanbeusedforcriminalpurposes,andevenasweapons!However,mostpeoplethinkthe

positivesofdronetechnologyoutweighthenegatives.Thus,itislikelythatyouwillbeseeingmoreandmoredronesinthenearfuture.Whatisyouro

pinionondrones?Doyouthinktheyareworthhavingaround?51.Accordingtothepassage,dronescanbeappliedinmanyareasEXCEPTthat______.A

dronescanquicklydelivertheitemsyouorderonlinetoyourhome.B.drones,equippedwithspecialcameras,candetectthelocationoftheinjured.C.fl

yingdronescanbedevelopedtohelpfarmersspreadseedsonafarm.D.dronescanunlockthekeystodoorsandenterthehouseincaseofemergency.52.Whichoft

hefollowingislikelytohappenduetotheimproperuseofdrones?A.Theymayhelphackerscollectconfidentialdataanduploadtheinformationtothem.B.Airplan

esoncoursemaynarrowlyescapedbeingcrashedintoflyingdrones.C.Theymaydestroythefoodsuppliesbeforesendin

gthemtopeopleininaccessibleareas.D.Dronescanbegrantedpermissionfromthelocalgovernmenttoaccessprivatehomes.53.Whichofthef

ollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.DronestotherescueB.Dronesinfashion.C.Drones:theflyingdeliveryD.Dronesontheroadtoruin【51~53题答案】【答案

】51.D52.B53.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。随着无人机技术的发展，越来越多的无人机出现在人们的生活中，且在各行各业都有应用，这究竟是好还是坏呢？文章讨论了无人机的好处和威胁，并指出无论好坏，我们都将看到更多的无人机。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“The

n,imaginethatitembeingdeliveredinjustafewminutesbyadrone.Believeitornot,thismaybeprobableinthenearfuture.(然后，想象一下，无人机在几分钟内就可以交付该物品。信不信

由你，这可能在不久的将来发生)”，第二段的“Forexample,duringanemergency,dronescanquicklylocateinjuredpeoplebyusingspecialcamera

s.Theycanalsodistributefood,water,andmedicalsuppliestopeopleinhard-to-reachordangerousplaces.(例如，在紧急情况下，无人机可以使用特殊摄

像头快速定位受伤人员。他们还可以向难以到达或危险的地方的人们分发食物、水和医疗用品)”，第三段的“Selfdrivingtractorsarebeingdevelopedtohelpoutfarmers,andflyingdronesmaysoonbeu

sedtospreadseeds.(人们正在开发自动驾驶拖拉机来帮助农民，飞行无人机也可能很快被用于播种)”可知，无人机可以用来送快餐，带有特殊摄像头的无人机可以探测受伤人员的位置，飞行无人机可以被开发出来帮助农民在农场播种。D项“无人机可以解锁房门，在紧急情

况下进入房屋”文章没有提到。故选D。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Flyingdronescanalsoposeadangertoaircraft.Manyairportshavereportedclos

ecallswithdrones.(无人驾驶飞机也可能对飞机构成威胁。许多机场都报告称曾险些遭遇无人机袭击)”推知，无人机的不当使用可能造成航线上的飞机险些撞上飞行中的无人机。故选B。【53题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，随着无人机技术的发展，越来

越多的无人机出现在人们的生活中，且在各行各业都有应用，这究竟是好还是坏呢？文章讨论了无人机的好处和威胁，并指出无论好坏，我们都将看到更多的无人机。结合第一段的“However,overthelasttwodecade

s,dronetechnologyhasadvancedrapidlyandisincreasinglyavailabletothepublic.Infact,droneshavealreadystarteddoingworkinmanydifferentindus

tries.(然而，在过去的20年里，无人机技术发展迅速，越来越多的人可以使用。事实上，无人机已经开始在许多不同的行业开展工作)”和最后一段的“However,mostpeoplethinkthepo

sitivesofdronetechnologyoutweighthenegatives.Thus,itislikelythatyouwillbeseeingmoreandmoredronesinthenearfuture.(然而，大多数人认为无人机技术的

利大于弊。因此，在不久的将来，你很可能会看到越来越多的无人机)”可知，B项“无人机的流行”可以作为本文最佳标题。故选B。SectionC(6%)Directions:Readthepassagecarefully.Thenchoosethesentencesthatcanbefill

edintotheblanks.Notetherearetwomoresentencesthancanbeused.TheTragicStoryBehindPabloPicasso’sMasterpieceWhatwouldbethebestwaytodaytoprotestaga

instawar?Howcouldyouinfluencethelargestnumberofpeople?In1937theSpanishartistPabloPicassoexpressedhisangeratwarwithGuernica,hismuralsi

zedpaintingdisplayedtomillionsofvisitorsattheParisWorld’sFair.Ithassincebecomethe20thcentury’smostpowerfu

lindictment(控诉)againstwar,apaintingthatstillfeelsintenselyrelevanttoday.Muchofthepainting’semotionalpowercomesfromitsoverwh

elmingsize,about3.49meterstalland7.76meterswide.Guernicaisnotapaintingyouobservewith6;spatialdetachment(空间上的

超然).____54____.AndalthoughthesizeandmultiplefiguresreferencethelongtraditionofEuropeanhistorypaintings,thispaintingisdi

fferentbecauseitchallengesratherthanacceptstheideaofwarasheroic.GuernicaisbasedontheeventsofApril27,1937,

whenAdolfHilter’spowerfulGermanairforcebombedthevillageofGuernicainnorthernSpain,acityofnostrategicmilitaryv

alue.Foroverthreehours,25bombersdropped100,000poundsofexplosivesandbombsonthevillage.Twentymorefighterplanes

strafed(低空扫射)andkilleddefenselesscivilianstryingtoescape.Thedestructionwashorrifying:Firesburnedforthreedays,and70percentoft

hecitywasdestroyed.Athirdofthepopulation,1,600civilians,werewoundedorkilled.OnMay1,1937,newsofthebombingr

eachedParis.____55____.Afterhundredsofsketches,thepaintingwasdoneinlessthanamonthandthendeliveredtotheFair’sSpan

ishPavilion.TheentirepavilionshockedtheworldintoconfrontingthesufferingoftheSpanishpeople.Onfirstglance,Guernica’scompositionappearsconfused,throwi

ngtheviewerintothemidstofintenselyviolentaction.Thespaceisambiguous(不明确的)withtheshiftingperspectivesandmult

ipleviewpointscharacteristicofPicasso’searlierCubiststyle.____56____.However,thereisinfactavisualorder.Pic

assobalancesthecompositionbyorganizingthefiguresintothreevertical(垂直的)groupingsmovinglefttoright,whi

lethecenterfiguresarestabilizedwithinalargetriangleoflight.TherehasbeenalmostendlessdebateaboutthemeaningoftheimagesinGuernica.Whenquestionedab

outitspossiblesymbolism,Picassosaid,“Itisn’tuptothepaintertodefinethesymbols.Otherwise,itwouldbebetteri

fhewrotethemoutinwords.Thepublicwholookatthepicturemustinterpretthesymbolsastheyunderstandthem.”____57____.Perhapsitisthat

veryambiguity,orthefactthatcruelwarscontinuetobefought,thatkeeps,Guernicaastimelessanduniversallyrelatabletodayasitwasin1937.A.Intheend,th

epaintingdoesnotappeartohaveoneexclusivemeaning.B.Thistechniquefurtherdemonstratestheboundariesoffragmentedfigures,explicatingwhatisrealityandwhati

sillusion.C.Itfeelslikeitwrapsaroundyou,immersingyouinitslarger-than-lifefiguresandaction.D.Imagesoverl

apandintersect,makingithardtodistinguishtheirboundaries.E.Ascompensation,Picassowasprovidedwithastudi

oinParislargeenoughtoaccommodatetheenormouscanvasonwhichtocreatethework.F.Picasso,sympathetictothegover

nmentofhishomeland,washorrifiedbythereportsofdevastationanddeath.【54~57题答案】【答案】54.C55.F56.D57.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了毕加索的

杰作Guernica背后的悲剧故事，以及这张画作的特点和象征意义的定义。【54题详解】上文“Muchofthepainting’semotionalpowercomesfromitsoverwhelmingsiz

e,about3.49meterstalland7.76meterswide.Guernicaisnotapaintingyouobservewithspatialdetachment(这幅画的情感力量很大程度上来自于它压倒性的大小，大约高

3.49米，宽7.76米。《格尔尼卡》不是一幅你以空间分离的方式观察的画)”，C项“Itfeelslikeitwrapsaroundyou,immersingyouinitslarger-than-lifefiguresa

ndaction.(感觉就像它包裹着你，让你沉浸在它的传奇人物和行动中。)”，上文用具体的数字描述这张画的的宏大，C项则是从欣赏者的角度来进一步阐述，仰望这个巨幅作品，会给人身历其境的感觉。语意连贯顺畅。故选C项。55题详解】上文“OnMay1,1937,news

ofthebombingreachedParis.(1937年5月1日，爆炸的消息传到了巴黎。)”，F项“Picasso,sympathetictothegovernmentofhishomeland,washorrifiedbythereportsofdevastationand

death.(毕加索，同情他的祖国的政府，对破坏和死亡的报道感到震惊。)”，F项中的thereports即上文的newsofthebombing，语意连贯一直。故选F项。【56题详解】上文“Thespaceisambiguous(不明确的)wit

htheshiftingperspectivesandmultipleviewpointscharacteristicofPicasso’searlierCubiststyle.(空间是模糊的，具有毕加索早期立体主义风格的转换视角和多视角特征。)”，D项“Imagesoverlapandin

tersect,makingithardtodistinguishtheirboundaries.(图像的重叠和交叉，很难区分它们的边界。)”，下文“However,thereisinfactavisualorder.Picassobalanc

esthecompositionbyorganizing【thefiguresintothreevertical(垂直的)groupingsmovinglefttoright,whilethecenterfiguresarestabilizedwithinalargetriangleoflig

ht.(然而，实际上有一个视觉上的顺序。毕加索通过将人物组织成从左到右的三个垂直组来平衡构图，而中间的人物则固定在一个大三角形的光线中。)”，上文和D项表述人们初看这幅作品时，觉得此画空间模糊，图像重叠交叉，下文则为转折，解读了这幅作品中的人物分布的规律性，语意连贯。故选D项。【57题详解】

上文“TherehasbeenalmostendlessdebateaboutthemeaningoftheimagesinGuernica.Whenquestionedaboutitspossiblesymbolism,Picassosai

d,‘Itisn’tuptothepaintertodefinethesymbols.Otherwise,itwouldbebetterifhewrotethemoutinwords.Thepublicwholookatthepicturemustinterp

retthesymbolsastheyunderstandthem.’(关于《格尔尼卡》中人物形象的意义，人们争论不休。当被问及它可能的象征意义时，毕加索说：‘定义象征意义不是画家的事。否则，用文字写出来会更好。看到这

幅画的民众必须用他们理解的方式解释这些象征意义。’)”，A项“Intheend,thepaintingdoesnotappeartohaveoneexclusivemeaning.(最后，这幅画似乎并没有唯一的意义。)”，上文表明“不同的人对

这幅画有不同的解读”，与A项意思相同。故选A项。第II卷(21分)I.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformsofthegivenverbs.(4%)58.Hisworkexperiencehelpedhimstan

doutintheinterviewandhe______(admit)toHangzhouNormalUniversity.(所给词的适当形式填空)【58题答案】【答案】wasadmitted【解析】【详解】考查时态

，语态和主谓一致。句意：他的工作经历让他在面试中脱颖而出，并被杭州师范大学录取。他是被杭州师范大学录取，由“helped”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/weredone，主语he是第三人称单数，因此空格处是was

admitted。故填wasadmitted。59.China’sdynamiczero-COVIDpolicy,______(feature)swiftresponseandmassscreening,h

aspreventedmassdeaths.(所给词的适当形式填空)【59题答案】【答案】featuring【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国动态“零冠肺炎”政策，以快速反应和大规模筛查为特色，避免了大规模死亡。根据句意和所给词汇，句子的谓语动词为ha

sprevented，故设空处应用非谓语动词，所给动词feature意为“以……为特色，以……为主要内容”，与逻辑主语China’sdynamiczero-COVIDpolicy之间为的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式，作状语。故填featuring。60.Nooneisr

eported______(die)aftera5.4-magnitudeearthquakejoltedNorthwestChina’sQinghaiprovincelastFriday.(所给词的适当形式填空)【60题答案】【答案】tohavedied【解析】【详解】考

查非谓语动词。句意：在上周五，中国西北部的青海省发生5.4级地震，据报道没有人死亡。根据句子结构和句意，设空处考查句型“bereported+动词不定式”，表示“据说/传闻……”；根据由after引导的时间状语，设空处应用不定式的完成式，表示从上周五地震开始，持续到谓语re

port的时间段的状态，作主语的补语，且die无被动语态。故填tohavedied。61.Theevent______(broadcast)livenextFridaymorningwillhonorthosewhohavemadeoutstandingc

ontributionsinthisfield.(所给词的适当形式填空)【61题答案】【答案】tobebroadcast##tobebroadcasted【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于下星期五上午现场直播的活动将向那些在这一领域做出杰出贡献的人们致敬。根据句意和句

子结构，句子的谓语动词为honor，所以设空处为非谓语动词；根据时间nextFridaymorning，应用动词不定式的形式，表将来；所给词broadcast与逻辑主语Theevent之间为动宾关系，应用动词不定式的被动结构，作后置定语；broadcast的过

去分词为broadcast或者broadcasted。故填tobebroadcast/tobebroadcasted。III.Translation(17%:3%+3%+3%+4%+4%)Directions:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,us

ingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.62.这还能让他们开阔眼界，遇到他们以前从未想过的新机遇和工作机会。(默写句)(汉译英)【62题答案】【答案】Itcanalsoallowthemtobroadenth

eirhorizonsandencounterthenewopportunitiesandjobofferswhichneveroccurredtothembefore.【解析】【详解】考查情态动词、

动词短语，名词短语和定语从句。“能”表达为情态动词can，后接动词原形；“使……做……”表达为allowsbtodosth，作谓语；“开阔眼界”表达为broadenone'shorizon；“遇到”表达为encounter；“新机遇和工作机会”表达为newopportunitiesan

djoboffers；“开阔眼界”和“遇到新机遇和工作机会”以不定式形式作宾语的补语；“以前未想过”表达为neveroccurtosbbefore，此处用关系代词which引导限定性定语从句，修饰“新机遇和工作机会”，根据“以前”从句应用一般过去时态。结合其他汉语提示，故翻译

为：Itcanalsoallowthemtobroadentheirhorizonsandencounterthenewopportunitiesandjobofferswhichneveroccurredtothembefore.63.当地

人担心他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁。(threaten)(汉译英)【63题答案】【答案】Localsworryaboutthattheirlanguageandcultureareincreasinglybei

ngthreatened.【解析】【详解】考查动词、名词和语态。表示“当地人”应用Locals；“担心”用动词worryabout，句子描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“当地人担心......”为主句，表示为Localsworryaboutthat.

..；“他们的语言和文化正日益受到威胁”写成宾语从句，放在worryabout后面，表示“语言和文化”短语为languageandculture；表示“日益”应用increasingly；表示“正受到威胁”应用现在完成时的被动，即am/is/ar

ebeingdone，从句主语是复数，应用arebeingthreatened。故翻译为Localsworryaboutthattheirlanguageandcultureareincreasinglybeingthreatened。64.村民们清楚地记得，那天欧洲人

来了，并且控制了他们的狩猎地。(when;controln.)(汉译英)【64题答案】【答案】ThevillagersclearlyrememberthedaywhentheEuropeansarrivedandcontrolled/tookcontroloftheirhun

tinggrounds.【解析】【详解】考查时态、动词短语、名词短语、副词和定语从句。主句陈述现在的事实，谓语动词用一般现在时态；“村民们”表达为thevillagers，作主语；“清楚地记得那天”表达为clearlyremembertheday，所以主句为Thev

illagersclearlyremembertheday；theday后接定语从句，陈述过去发生的事，从句用一般过去时态；“欧洲人”表达为theEuropeans，作从句的主语；“来”表达为arrive；“控制”，根据所给词汇control，

可用动词control或者短语takecontrolof，与动词arrive并列，作从句的谓语动词；“狩猎地”表达为名词短语huntingground，作“控制”的宾语；从句的主谓宾结构完整，先行词theday在从句中作时间状语，所以应用when作关系副词，所以从句为whentheEu

ropeansarrivedandcontrolled/tookcontroloftheirhuntinggrounds.。结合其他汉语提示，故整句翻译为：Thevillagersclearlyrememberth

edaywhentheEuropeansarrivedandcontrolled/tookcontroloftheirhuntinggrounds.65.得知该学生没钱完成学业，这位热心的老师毫不犹豫地给了他财政支持。(afford)(汉译英)【65题答案】

的【答案】Knowingthatthestudentcouldnotaffordtofinishhisstudies,thewarm-heartedteacherdidnothesitatetogivehi

mfinancialsupport.【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句、现在分词、时态和固定短语。分析句意可知，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，“得知”用现在分词作状语，是knowing，其后跟that引导的宾语从

句，“该学生没钱完成学业”翻译为thestudentcouldnotaffordtofinishhisstudies，“这位热心的老师”是thewarm-heartedteacher，“毫不犹豫地做某事”是didnothesitatetodo，“给了他财政支持”是givehimfi

nancialsupport。因此全句译为：Knowingthatthestudentcouldnotaffordtofinishhisstudies,thewarm-heartedteacherdidnothesitatetogivehimfin

ancialsupport.66.尽管互联网在获得一手资料方面带来的便利，合格的记者应该擅长辨别新闻的真伪。(Despite)(汉译英)【66题答案】【答案】DespitetheconvenienceoftheInternetinaccessin

gprimarysources,aqualifiedjournalistshouldbegoodatidentifyingtrueorfalsenews.【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和介词。“尽管”是despite，“互

联网的便利”是theconvenienceoftheInternet，“在获得一手资料方面”是inaccessingprimarysources，“合格的记者”是aqualifiedjournalist，“应该”是should，“擅长做某

事”是begoodatdoing，“辨别新闻的真伪”用动名词作宾语，是identifyingtrueorfalsenews，因此整句话翻译为DespitetheconvenienceoftheInternetinaccessingprimary

sources,aqualifiedjournalistshouldbegoodatidentifyingtrueorfalsenews.