【文档说明】山西省忻州市静乐县第一中学2019-2020学年高一下学期开学考试英语试卷含答案.doc，共(12)页，109.000 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-bf022eeab1a202af951f8df2b4d4a0de.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

英语试题一.阅读理解（每小题3分，共60分）APalacesareknownfortheirbeautyandsplendor,buttheyofferlittleprotectionagainstattacks.Itiseasytodefen

dalargebuilding,butusuallythesebuildingsarenotdesignedwiththecomfortofakinginmind.Whenitcomestostructuresthatarebothbe

autifulanddefensive,theEuropeancastleisabigsuccess.CastleswereoriginallybuiltinEnglandbytheNormansin1066.Theybuilttowersandwallstosecurethelandth

eyhadtaken.ThesecastlesprovidedtheNormanswithaquietandsafeplace.Theyalsoservedasbasesofoperationforat

tacks.Inthiswaycastlesservedbothdefensiveandoffensiveroles.Besides,castlesservedasofficesforgovernors.Thosethatweresocia

llybeneaththegovernorwouldcometoreportaffairsandexpresstheirrespect.Theywouldaddressproblems,handlebusiness,feast,andenjoyfestivitiesincastle

s.Socastlesservedassocialcentersaswell.Thefirstcastleswerebuiltfromearthandwood,andtheywerelikelytosufferfromattacksbyfire.Thenwoodencastles

weregraduallyreplacedbystone,whichgreatlyincreasedthestrengthofthesetowersandwalls.However,attackerscouldthrowflami

ngobjectsintocastlesthroughthewindowsorburnthewoodendoors.Thisledtomovingthewindowsandentrancesofffromthegroundflooranduptothefirstfloortomakethemm

oredifficulttoaccess.DuringtheMiddleAges,attacksincreasedinregularity,socastledefenseswereupdated.Arrow-slitswere

added.Theyweresmallholesinthecastle,whichalloweddefenderstofirewithoutbeinghurt.Towerswerebuiltfromwhichdefend

erscouldprovidefireonbothsides.Thetowerswereconnectedtothecastlebywoodenbridges,sothatifonetowerfell,therestofthecast

lewasstilleasytodefend.Alotofringsofcastlewallswereconstructed,sothatevenifattackerswentpastonewall,theywouldbecaughtonakillinggroundbetw

eeninnerandouterwalls.Alloftheseincreasedthedefenseofcastles.Theendofcastlescanbeattributedtogunpowder.Duringthe15thcentury,artillery,akindofla

rgeguns,becamepowerfulenoughtobreakthroughstonewalls.Thisgreatlymadetheroleofcastleslesseffective.Thoughcastlesnolongerse

rvetheiroriginalpurposes,remainingcastlesreceivemillionsofvisitorseachyearwhowishtoexperiencethesituationsofancien

ttimes.1.Whatwastheoriginalfunctionofcastlesaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyservedastouristattractions.B.Theywereimpo

rtantsocialcenters.C.Theymarkedreligiousceremonies.D.Theywerebuiltforuseinemergencies.2.Thereasonwhywoodencastleswerereplacedb

ystonecastleswasthat.A.stonecastlescostlessmoneyB.stonecastlesofferedbetterdefenseC.woodencastleswereuncomfortableD.woodencastlestookalongtim

etobuild3.Whichofthefollowingshowedanimprovementincastledefenses?A.Castlesweretotallyseparatedbystones.B.Arrow-slitsweremadeinlargequantities.C.Ri

ngsofwallswerebuilttodefendthetowers.D.Windowsandentrancesweremovedtothehigherfloor.4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage

?A.FancyLiving:LearningaboutCastlesB.Normans:BringingCastlestoEnglandC.AHistoryofCastles:TheRiseandFallofCastlesD.DefendingCastles:

TechnologiesUsedtoDefendCastlesBKangarooIslandismorefamousforwhatithasn’tgotthanwhatithas.UnlikemainlandAustralia,rabbitsandfoxesweren

everintroduced,sothelocalwildlifehaslesscompetitionforsurvival.Anotherthingtheislanddoesn’thaveissomethingaScottishf

riendoncecalled,“TheWayoftheIsland.”Thereisnosenseofbeingontheisland;inmanyplaces,youcanclimbtoahighpointandseenothingbut

bushesinanydirection.Thatcatchesmanyvisitorsoutwhentheyarrivewiththeideaofwalkingorcyclingaroundtheisland.I

t’sreallytoobigforthat.Thereislittleinthewayofpublictransport,andthemostpracticalwaystogetaroundaretosignupforanorganisedtourorhi

reacar.Theisland’smainroad,thePlayfordHighway,headswestwardfromNepeanBayuntilitmeetstheWestEndHighwayinth

emiddleofnowhere.TheWestEndHighwayheadssouth;thePlayfordHighwaycontinueswestwardasadirtroadtoCapeBorda,wherethereisalighthouse,afewformerlight

keepers’cottages,aNationalParkVisitorCentreandnothingelse.Muchoftheislandisfarmland;lambandbeeffromKang

arooIslandareespeciallyprized.Fruitisalsoamajorexport,butthegrapesinthevineyards(葡萄园)areturnedintoveryacceptablewinefirst.19Nation

alParksandConservationAreascoverover30%oftheisland’sarea,andthebiggestofthemliestothesouthwestoftheisland,wheretheFlinde

rsChaseNationalParkcovers32,600hectaresofbushland.Entryisbypermitonly,whichweboughtattheparkentranceatRockyRiver.There,wewonderediftheparkauth

oritieshadthewildlifetrained,becausewesawafamilyofkangaroosrightinthecarparkbytheparkoffice,buttheyonlyappearedafterwepaidtheentran

cefee!5.WhyisthewildlifeonKangarooIslandmorelikelytosurvive?A.Becausetherearenorabbitsorfoxesontheisland.B.Becauserabbits

andfoxesarelesscompetitivespecies.C.Becausenobodylivesontheisland.D.Becausetheislandisfamousforitsbushes.6.Oneofthemostpracticalwaystoget

aroundontheislandisto.A.rentacarB.rideabikeC.takepublictransportD.signupforatravellesson7.WhatcanyoufindatCapeBorda?A.ThePlayfor

dHighway.B.TheWestEndHighway.C.Afewvineyards.D.Someformerlightkeepers’cottages.8.Theauthorandhisfamilysawaf

amilyofkangaroosattheFlindersChaseNationalParkafterthey.A.talkedtotheparkauthoritiesB.paidtheentrancefee

C.wentintotheparkofficeD.arrivedatRockyRiverCFarmers,especiallyindevelopingcountries,areoftencriticized(批评)forcuttingdownforests.Butanewstudysugges

tsthatmanyfarmersrecognizethevalueofkeepingtrees.Researchersusingsatellitephotosfoundatleasttenpercentoftr

eescoveronmorethanonebillionhectaresoffarmland.Thatisalmosthalfthefarmlandintheworld.Earlierestimates(估计)weremuc

hlowerandincomplete.Theauthorsofthenewstudysayitmaystillunderestimatethetrueextent(程度)worldwide.Thestudyfoun

dmosttreescoverinSouthAmerica.NextcomesAfricasouthoftheSahara,followedbySoutheastAsia.NorthAfricaandWestAsiahavetheleast.Thestudyfoundtha

tclimateconditionsalonecouldnotexplainthenumberoftreescoversindifferentareas,norcouldthesizeofnearbypopulations,meaningpeopleandtreescanlivetog

ether.Thereareareaswithfewtreesbutalsofewpeople,andareaswithmanytreesandmanypeople.Thefindingssuggestthatthingslikelandrights,marketsorgovernmen

tpoliciescaninfluencetreeplantingandprotection.DennisGarrity,whoheadstheWorldAgroforestryCenter,saysfarmersareactingontheirowntoprotectandpl

anttrees.Theproblem,hesays,isthatpolicymakersandplannershavebeenslowtorecognizethisandtosupportsuchefforts.Thesatellitephotosmayno

tshowwhatthefarmersareusingthetreesfor,butweallknowtreesoffernuts,fruit,woodandotherproducts.Theyalsohelppreventsoillossandprote

ctwatersupplies.Evenunderdrought(干旱)conditions,treescanoftenofferfoodandcanbeawaytoearnmoneyuntilthenextgrowingseason.Sometreesactasnaturalfertilizer

s.Theytakenitrogen(氮气)outoftheairandputitinthesoil.ScientistsattheCentersaytheuseoffertilizertreescanreducetheneedforchemicalnitrogenbyuptothree-fou

rths.Treesalsocapturecarbondioxide,agasconnectedtoclimatechange.9.Throughthestudy,theresearchersfoundthat.A.therearemor

etreesonfarmlandthanexpectedB.fewertreesarebeingcutindevelopingcountriesC.mostfarmersstilldon’trealize

thevalueoftreesD.treesplayakeyroleinpreventingclimatechange10.Whichofthefollowinghastheleasttreecover?A.SoutheastAsi

a.B.WestAsia.C.SouthAmerica.D.AfricasouthoftheSahara.11.InDennisGarrity’sopinion,.A.mostfarmerscareaboutnothingb

uttheirowninterestsB.thereareusuallyfewpeoplelivinginareaswithfewtreesC.governmentplaysasmallroleintreeplantingandprotectionD.governmentshouldsupp

ortfarmersinplantingandprotectingtrees12.WhatdoesParagraph6mainlytalkabout?A.Howfarmersplanttrees.B.Whatproduc

tstreescanbring.C.Theimportanceoftreestofarmers.D.Theenvironmentalvalueoftreecover.DTwobillionchildreninthedevelopingworldcan’treceiv

egoodeducation—thekeytohumandevelopment.However,technologyoffersananswerwhichallowsthepoorindevelopingcountriestolearn.Itisatool

whichholdstheabilitytochangethelivesofthepoor,asitprovidesameansoflearningandcommunicating.Educationalprogramsmustbreakawayfromoldsyst

ems.NewcompaniessuchasOneLaptopPerChild(OLPC),anorganizationfoundedbyMITProfessorNicholasNegropontehavebeenactiveinsolvingtheworld’seducationprobl

em.TheInternethaschangedtheworld,allowingeducationalservicestohelpwiththeglobalfightagainstpoverty.KhanAcademyisonesuchservice.Li

keOLPC,itisanorganizationfoundedbyHarvardBusinessSchoolgraduateSalmanKhanwiththetaskof“providingafree

,world-classeducationforanyone,anywhere”.Theeducationofferedincludesalargenumberofmath-relatedtopics.TheGMATPillReviewisanothercompanythattr

ainsMBAcandidates(应考人)worldwidetopreparefortheGMATexamonboththeQuantandVerbalsection.FoundedbyStanfordgradu

ateZekeLee,thecompanyoffersserviceswhicharepricedatabout75%lessthanothersimilarprograms.Itallowsstudentsfromdeveloping

countrieswhomightnotbeabletoaffordsimilarcoursestohaveaccesstotheseservices.Whetherpaidorfreetheseservicesprovideeducationalopportunitie

sforthosewhowouldneverhavehadthechanceinthepast.Asaresultofthetechnologyrevolution(革新),businessschoolsmayseemorestudentsfromdifferentcornersofthew

orld.BecauseoftheInternet,peopleindevelopingnationshaveaccesstobetterandmoreaffordableeducationalopportunities

.Moreandmorepeoplewilltrytoimprovetheirlivesthrougheducationalopportunitiesoutsideoftheirhomeland—ani

deausuallyuncommonindevelopingcountries.13.Accordingtothepassage,technologycan.A.improvepeople’sreadingabilityB.solvetheproblemsfaci

ngthewholeworldC.helpthepoortoreducepovertyD.causepovertyindevelopingcountries14.WecanlearnfromthepassagethatKhanAcademyaimsto.A.helpthepoorpayfor

goodcoursesB.provideeverychildwithacomputerC.helptrainMBAcandidatesD.makeeveryonereceivegoodeducation15.Whichofthefollo

wingaboutGMATPillReviewisTRUE?A.Itonlyacceptsstudentsfromdevelopingcountries.B.ItwasstartedbyProfessorNicholasN

egroponte.C.Itchargesstudentsabout25percentofothersimilarprograms.D.Theeducationitoffersincludesalotofmath-relatedtopics.E阅读七选五(核心素养

:语言能力)Theworlditselfisbecomingmuchsmallerbyusingmoderntrafficandmoderncommunicationmeans.Lifetodayismucheasierthanitwashundredsofyearsago,

butithasbroughtnewproblems.16Pollutionmeansmakingthingsdirty.Itcomesinmanyways.Weseeit,smellit,drinkitandevenhearit.Manhasbeenpollutingtheea

rth.17Manyyearsago,theproblemwasnotsoseriousbecausetherewerenotsomanypeople.Whenthelandwasuseduportheriverwasdirtyinoneplace,Manmo

vedtoanotherplace.Butthisisnolongertrue.Manisnowslowlypollutingthewholeworld.18It’sbadforalllivingthingsinthe

world,butitisnottheonlyonekindofpollution.Waterpollutionkillsourfishandpollutesourdrinkingwater.Noisepollutionmakesusangrymore

easily.19Theystoppeoplefromburningcoalinhousesandfactoriesinthecity,andfromputtingdirtysmokeintotheair.Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.20Andw

emusttakecareoftheriseinpopulationatthesametime.A.Oneofthebiggestispollution.B.Themorepeople,themorepollution.C.Airpo

llutionisstillthemostserious.D.Thatmeanskeepingtheland,waterandairclean.E.Manycountriesaremakingrulestofightpollution.F.Ihopescientistscanfindwaystos

olvetheseriousproblem.G.Strangediseaseshaveappearedinsomeplacesbecauseofpollution.二.完形填空(每小题2分，共40分)AndywasstilltravelinginS

painwhenherealizedhehadtoconfirm(核实)hisflighthomewiththeairlinecompany.HewasvisitingSpaininorderto1hisSpanish.Whenhewasspeakingtopeople2hehadno3under

standingwhattheysaid.4,whenhewasspeakingonthephone,hehada(n)5.Andy6theairline.Andtheclerkconfirmedthathisplanewas

leavingatnineo’clockthreedaysfromthatday.She7toldAndytobeattheairporttwohours8inordertocheckinhisluggageandgetaseat.Sincehewas9i

nthreedays,Andydidn’t10anytime.Hevisitedasmanyplacesashecould.Hethoughtthatitwouldprobablybeawhilebeforehehadenough

moneyagain.Hewishedhecould11andspendayearinSpain.Too12,thefinaldayarrived.Andyleftearlyfortheairporttoarrivetwohoursbeforetake-off.Hehatedto13.Hewe

nttotheclerkto14histicket.Theclerklookedattheticketwith15.“Why,sir,butyourflightwasatnineo’clockinthemorn

ing,and16itiseightintheevening.”“ButIconfirmedmyflight,”Andy17.“WillIhavetopayforanotherticket?”“No,sir.Ho

wever,thenextflightoutwillbethreedaysfromnow.”Andy’s18ofshockturnedtooneof19asherealizedthatnowhecouldcontinuehis20.1.A.prepareB.improveC.e

njoyD.contact2.A.slowlyB.inpublicC.facetofaceD.fluently3.A.difficultyB.ideaC.mistakeD.interest4.A.InsteadB.Inaw

ordC.AtthesametimeD.However5.A.sicknessB.angerC.problemD.change6.A.calledB.likedC.trustedD.asked7.A.againB.also

C.onlyD.once8.A.beforeB.earlierC.laterD.after9.A.movingB.returningC.stayingD.leaving10.A.takeB.haveC.loseD.find11.A.waitB.

gohomeC.stopD.comeback12.A.shortlyB.quicklyC.badlyD.fully13.A.speakB.goC.rushD.delay14.A.buyB.presentC.orderD.provide15

.A.astonishmentB.patienceC.respectD.delight16.A.maybeB.soC.hereD.now17.A.insistedB.apologizedC.smiledD.desired18.A.exp

erienceB.expressionC.lookD.thought19.A.pleasureB.comfortC.sadnessD.hopelessness20.A.planB.flightC.business

D.vacation三.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)OnequarterofthepopulationofSichuanprovinceandChongqingmunicipality1.(work)awayfromthei

rhomesasmigrantworkers.Butthenumber2._______(have)beendroppingthisyear.24-year-oldGuQingxia3.workedasacashierbefore,toge

therwithherhusband,4.(be)tojobfairs(招聘会)inChongqingformanytimesand5.___________(want)tofindjobsnearhometown

,becausetheywanttocomebacktotakecareoftheirparents.Thisyear,thenumberofmigrantworkers,likeGuQingxiaandherhusbandwho6.(choose)toreturnhomeforwor

k7.(be)increasing.Besidesfamily,withrapiddevelopmentofsouthwesternChina,alargenumberofemploymentopportunities8.(give)tomi

grantworkersandtheycanearnasmuchas9.theyearn10.Shenzhen.四根据所给提示用适当单词或短语的正确形式完成句子(共10小题；每小题l.5分，满分15分)1.Crimeoftenexists

withpoverty,likestealingdrivenby(hungry).2.Thetwocitiesaretwinnedwitheachotherbecauseofmany(similar).3.Lo

uisChaLeung-yung,oneofthemost(influence)Chinesenovelists,andbetterknownunderthepennameJinYong,diedon30thOctober.4.The

hotel,beautifully(situate)inaquietspotneartheriver,createsanatmospherewhichvisitorsfindsoappealing.5...(strike)bythehurricane,theareahadpowercu

ts,butquicklyitwasbacktonormal.6.Hecameroundforacoffeeandwehavingamealtogether.(以……结束)7.AncientChinawasaplacewhe

restateswereofteneachother.(与……交战)8.Thankfully,thenumberofpeoplewhogetinfectedisdecreasing,andmoreandmorepatientsarecuredandreturnhomesafeandsound;,e

verythingwillbefine.(简言之)9.Concernedaboutthecontinuingpollutionoftheenvironment,wetakeactionrightawayinsteado

flettingmatterstaketheircourse.(除...别无选择)10.____,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.(平均来说)五书面表达(满分20分)假定你是李华

，你校外教Kevin对中国传统文化很感兴趣。下周二你校将邀请北京大学的王教授到你校举行“孔子及其思想”的讲座。请你给Kevin发一封电子邮件，邀请他来参加并介绍讲座的有关事宜。1.讲座时间：4月3日（星期二）上午8:00-11:00

；2.讲座地点：5号教学楼一楼102室；3.活动安排：听讲座，讨论及提问，诵读孔子经典名句等。注意：1.词数100左右。2.可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。DearKevin,I’mwritingtoinviteyouto英语答案一．A【语篇

解读】本文讲述的是城堡的兴衰。【答案与解析】1.B细节题。根据第2段最后一句可知,城堡最初的功能是作为重要的社会中心。2.B细节题。根据第3段第2句可知,木头城堡被石头城堡取代的原因是石头城堡提供了更好的防御。3

.D细节题。根据第3段最后一句可知,窗户和入口被移到较高的楼层显示城堡防御有改进。4.C主旨题。通读全文可知,本文讲述的是城堡的兴衰,因此C项最适合作本文的标题。B5.A细节题。根据第1段第2句可知,袋鼠岛和澳大利亚

大陆不同,袋鼠岛没有兔子和狐狸,所以袋鼠岛上的野生动物竞争对手较少,容易生存。6.A细节题。根据第2段最后一句可知,袋鼠岛的公共交通系统不发达,所以参观袋鼠岛最可行的办法就是报旅行团或者租一辆车。7.D细节题。根据第3段

中的wherethereisalighthouse,afewformerlightkeepers’cottages,aNationalParkVisitorCentreandnothingelse可知,在CapeBor

da,我们可以看到灯塔、看守灯塔的人住的小屋和国家公园游客中心。8.B细节题。根据最后一段可知,作者一家是在交了入园费后才看到袋鼠的。C【语篇解读】一项新的研究显示,农民意识到了树木对人和环境的重要性。【答案与解析】9.A推断题。根据第2段最后两句可知,早先对

农场树林面积的估计比实际上农场树林面积低得多且不完整,也就是说,现在农场的树林数量比预料的要多。10.B细节题。根据第3段最后一句可知答案。11.D推断题。根据第5段最后一句可知,政府应该支持农民种树和保护树木。12.C主旨题。通

读第6段可知,本段主要讲的是树木对农民的重要性。D【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了向发展中国家的人们提供教育机会的技术和组织。13.C细节题。根据第1段最后一句可知,科技是一种能改变穷人命运的工具,它提供了学习和交流的方法。14.D细节题。根据第3段倒数第2句可知,该组织的目的是

使每一个人都受到世界一流的教育。15.C细节题。根据第4段第1句可知,GMATPillReview在全世界范围内招生,故A项错误;由第4段第2句可知,它由ZekeLee创办,学费比其他同样的学校便宜75%,因此B项错误,C项正确;D项是叙述关于KhanAcademy的内容。七选

五16~20ABCED二【语篇解读】本文讲述Andy在西班牙度假时由于语言问题所遇到的小小的麻烦。1.BAndy去西班牙是为了提高他的西班牙语水平。2.C当他与别人面对面说话时,他能理解别人说的话。facetoface“面对面”,与下文的speakin

gonthephone形成对照。3.Ahavenodifficulty(in)doingsth是固定搭配,意为“做某事没有困难”。4.D然而,当他在电话中交谈时,他有困难。5.C见上题解析。6.A根据上下文

可知,Andy是打电话到航空公司的。7.B她还告诉Andy要提前两小时到机场。8.B见上题解析。9.DAndy知道三天后要走,他不浪费一点时间。10.C见上题解析。11.D他想回来,然后在西班牙待上一年。12.B最后一天还是很快就到了。13.C从上句中得知他提前到达,

由此可见他讨厌匆匆忙忙。14.B他向检票员出示他的票。present“向……出示”。15.AAndy要乘的飞机已经飞走了,而Andy还拿着票,所以检票员非常惊奇。16.D此处指现在是晚上八点。17.AA

ndy坚持说他确认过航班。18.CAndy的表情由惊入喜,因为他意识到他可以继续他的假期。19.A见上题解析。20.D见第18题解析。三语法填空1.work2.has3.who4.hasbeen5.wan

ts6.choose7.is8.havebeengiven9.what10.in四完成句子51.hunger52.similarities53.influential54.situated55.Struck/Stricken56.endedup57.atwarw

ith58.inanutshell59.havenochoicebutto60.Onaverage五书面表达DearKevin,I’mwritingtoinviteyoutothelectureon“Confucius

andConfucianism”whichwillbemadebyProfessorWangfromPekingUniversity.ItwillbeheldinRoom102onthefirstfloorofNo.5buildingonApril

3rdnextWednesday.AsfarasIknow,youlikethetraditionalcultureofChina,soyouwillenjoyit.Thelecturewilllastthreehoursfrom8a.mto11a.m.Theactivityma

inlyconsistsofthreeparts,two-hourlisteningtothelecture,halfanhour’sdiscussionandthirty-minuteConfuciusclassicsrecitat

ion.Iwillbeverygladifyoucome.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiHua