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大兴区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中检测试卷高二英语满分：100分考试时长：90分钟第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选

出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Intheheartofthecity,nestedbetweenthetoweringskyscrapers,stoodalittlelibrarythathadwithstoodthetestof___1___

.Everybrickandbookinthatbuildingheldstoriesnotjustfromthepages,butofthecountlesssoulswhohadwalkedits___2___.Ann

a,ayoungwriter,oftenvisitedthisoasis(绿洲)ofknowledge.Shewasonthe___3___ofpublishingherfirstbookbutwasfacingthecripplingself-doubtthatoftentrou

blescreators.Oneevening,asshewanderedbetweentheshelves,shehappenedtoseeanold,dusty___4___.Itwasajournalfromthe

1800s,writtenbyathen-unknownwriternamedLillian.AsAnnaskimmedthroughthepages,shewas___5___byLillian’ss

truggleswhichmirroredherown.Lillianwroteofherrejections,hermomentsofdespair,andthenightsshewantedtogiveup.Butshealsowroteofher

___6___moments,wherethewordsflowedlikeariverandthestoriestookalifeoftheirown.ThefinalentrywasdatedadaybeforeLillian

’sfirstbookwaspublished.Itread,“Tothefuturedreamerswhomayfindthis:Remember,every___7___hasitsdawn.Yourstrugglesaremerelythedarkbefo

rethemorninglight.Keepwriting,keepdreaming,andoneday,yourstorieswilllightupsomeone’s___8___justasyouha

velitupmine.”AnnafeltaconnectiontoLillianacrossthecenturies.Withrenewed___9___,sheleftthelibrary,readytofacethechallengesahead.Forinherheart

,shecarriedLillian’sstory—abeaconofhopeandatestamenttothetimelessjourneyof____10____.1.A.modernityB.timeC.innovationD.critici

sm2.A.rowsB.roomsC.seatsD.gates3.A.edgeB.topC.endD.middle4.A.novelB.diaryC.manuscriptD.brochure5.A.preventedB.

amazedC.struckD.puzzled6.A.disorderlyB.ordinaryC.brightD.final7.A.storyB.nightC.pathD.task8.A.dayB.worldC.despairD.book9.A.energyB.purposeC.

hesitationD.perspective10.A.creationB.writingC.discoveryD.learning第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给

出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Millionsofyearsago,theEarth___11___(inhabit)bywonderfulcreaturesthatnolongerwalkourlands.Onesuch

creature,thedodo,oncethrivedontheisolatedislandofMauritius.Itwasaflightlessbird___12___auniqueappearance.Sadly,duetohumaninterfere

nceandintroducedspecies,thesebirdsweredriventoextinctionwithinafewcenturiesoftheir___13___(discover).B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的

单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。MarieCurie,borninWarsaw,Poland,wasatrailblazingphysicistandchemistacknowledgedforher___14___(pi

oneer)researchonradioactivity.Notonlydidshebecomethefirstwoman___15___(win)aNobelPrize,butshealsoremainsthe

onlypersonwhohaswonNobelPrizesinbothPhysicsandChemistry.Herdedicationandperseveranceinamale-dominatedfie

ld___16___(inspire)countlessindividualsworldwide.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。DuringtheRenaissance,aper

iod___17___coversfromthe14thtothe17thcentury,Europeexperiencedarevivalofart,culture,andintellect.LeonardodaVinci,

oftenreferredtoasthearchetypeofthe“RenaissanceMan”,wasnotonlyanartistbutalso___18___inventor,scientist,andmathematician.Hispainting,theMona

Lisa,isconsideredoneof___19___(famous)iconicworksofart.Yet,manyofhis___20___(invention),althoughrevolutionary,werenotbuiltduringh

islifetime.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHorizonInstitute:An

nualWinterWorkshopBackgroundEstablishedin2005,HorizonInstituteiscommittedtobridgingthegapbetweenacademictheoryandreal-worldapplica

tion.Withover20,000alumniworldwide,ourfocusisonprovidinghands-onexperiencesinawiderangeofdisciplines.WorkshopDetails:Dates:December

5th-December20thCoursesAvailable:AdvancedMathematics,ExperimentalPhysics,DigitalArtDesign,andLeadershipDynamics

.Eligibility:Studentsaged12-18withakeeninterestinthechosensubject.Fee:$350forasinglecourse.Enrollintwoorm

orecoursesfora15%discountonthetotalfee.FacilitiesandFeatures:State-of-the-artlaboratoriesanddesignstudios.I

nteractivesessionswithindustryexperts.Dedicatedmentorshipbyexperiencedprofessionals.Accesstoourextensivelibraryandonlineresources.AdditionalB

enefits:Certificationuponcoursecompletion.Opportunitiesforinternshipsinpartnerorganizations.NetworkingeventswithHorizonalumnian

dindustryleaders.ForMoreDetails:VisitourcampusonNovember15thforanopenhousesession.Contactusviaemail:con

tact@horizoninstitute.orgorcall:(456)789-0123.21.WhatisHorizonInstitute’sprimarymission?A.Hostingwinterworkshopseveryyear.B.Organizingnetworkinge

ventsforstudents.C.Linkingacademicteachingstopracticalexperiences.D.Offeringonlinecoursesinvariousdisciplines.22.Whatca

nstudentsexpectwhentheyjoinintheworkshop?A.Freemealsthroughoutthecourse.B.Personalizedone-on-oneteachingsessions.C.Interactionwith

professionalsfromvariousindustries.D.Achancetostudyabroadwithpartnerinstitutions.23.Howcansomeonegather

in-depthinformationabouttheworkshop?A.Bybrowsingtheinstitute’sonlinecatalog.B.ByattendingtheopenhouseonNove

mber15th.CBywaitingfortheannualnewsletter.D.Byjoiningtheinstitute’ssocialmediapage.BInthesprawlingmetrop

olisofGrayville,whereskyscraperstouchedtheheavensandstreetswereconstantlybuzzingwithlife,thereexistedauniqueplacecalled“TheCornerofQuietude”.Itw

asneitheraparknorabuilding.Infact,itwassimplyastreetcorner,markedbyasinglelamppostwithapeculiarsign:“Speaksoftly,forthisisaplaceofsol

ace”.Legendhaditthatanyonespeakingbeneaththislamppost,regardlessofthesurroundingnoise,wouldfindtheirwordsdrownedout,replacedbyanmysteriouspeace

.Overtheyears,manyhadcometoexperienceitsmagic.Theyspokeofheartbreaks,dreams,regrets,andwishes,seekingsolaceinitsembrace.E

lla,ajournalistnewtoGrayville,stumbleduponthiscornerduringanassignment.Doubtful,shedecidedtotestthelegend.Whisperingherdeepestfearsaboutherfail

ingcareerandstrugglesinthebigcity,shewasshockedwhenallsheheardwasacalmingwhisper,almostasiftheworldaroundherpaused.Elladugintothehis

toryof“TheCornerofQuietude”.Shediscoveredthatdecadesago,amusiciannamedAlarichadlosthisvoiceandwouldvisitthecornere

verynight,playinghissilenttunesonaviolin,hopingtocommunicatethroughhismusic.SomebelievedthatthecornerabsorbedAlari

c’syearningforexpressionandbecameaplaceforallwhosoughttovoicetheirinnermostemotions.24.Whatwasuniqueabout“TheCornerofQuietude”inGrayville?A.Itwastheo

ldestparkinthisbusycity..B.ItwaswhereAlaricplayedmusiceverynight.C.Peoplefoundtheirwordsreplacedbyquietness.D.Itwasasile

ntzonewherenosoundwasallowed.25.WhydidEllacometothecornerinthefirstplace?A.Tocheckthelegend.B.Towhisperherfears.C.Tomeetthemusician.D.Tofinishhera

ssignment.26.HowdidEllareactuponexperiencingthecorner’smagic?A.Shefeltitwasjustanothercitymystery.B.Sheimmediatelybelievedinth

elegend.CShewroteanarticletoclarifythetruth.D.Shewassurprisedandfeltasenseofcalm.27.Whatissuggestedab

outthemusicianAlaric?A.HewasthefounderofGrayvilleandthecorner.B.Hereclaimedhisvoicebyplayingatthecorner.C.Heplayedmusictodisrupt

thepeaceofthecorner.D.Hissilenttunescontributedtothecorner’smysterioussense.CChinesescientistsrecentlyachievedpre

cisetotalsynthesis(合成)ofsugarfromcarbondioxideinthelaboratory,markingacrucialstepinartificialsugarsyn

thesis.Thesynthesis,whichtookmorethantwoyearstorealize,wasachievedbyteamsfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences’TianjinInstituteofIndustri

alBiotechnologyandtheacademy’sDalianInstituteofChemicalPhysics.TheirresearchwaspublishedlastweekinapaperinChineseScienceBulle

tin,amultidisciplinaryacademicjournal.Sugarisamajorsourceofenergyforthehumanbodyandakeyrawmaterialforindustrialpro

duction,anditismainlyobtainedbyextractingitfromcropssuchassugarcane.However,thetraditionalmethodofextractionislimitedbyt

heenergyconversionefficiencyofplantphotosynthesis.Moreover,theprocessofextractingsugarhasbeenaffectedbyuncertainrawmaterialsuppliesduetolanddegradat

ionandshortages,ecosystemdegradationandextremeweatherandnaturaldisasterscausedbyglobalwarming.Asaresult,artificialsugarsynthesishasbeencontinually

studiedbythescientificcommunityinrecentyears,andscientistsaroundtheworldhavecontributedtotheeffort.Intheirlatestresearch

,theChinesescientistsadjustedhigh-concentrationcarbondioxideandotherrawmaterialsinthereactionsolution.Wi

ththehelpofchemicalcatalystsandenzyme(酶)catalysts,theyobtainedfourkindsofsugars:glucose,allulose,tagatoseandmannose..Theexperimentlastedabout17hour

s,muchshorterthanthetimerequiredfortraditionalmethodsofsugarextraction,accordingtoYangJiangang,leadauthorofthepap

erandassociateresearcherattheTianjininstitute.Theefficiencyofsugarsynthesisinthisstudywas0.67gramsperliterperhour,whichwasmorethan10timeshigher

thanthepreviousresultsachievedbyscientistsworldwide.Yangsaidthatthecarbondioxidetosugarconversionrateofglucose

reached59.8nanomolesofcarbonpermilligramofcatalystperminute.Thisisthehighestlevelofartificialsugarproductionknowndomesticall

yandinternationally.Thestudyalsoachievedprecisecontrolofartificialsugarsynthesis.“Bycontrollingthevariedcatalyticeffectsofdiffe

rentenzymes,theoreticallyalmostanytypeofsugarcanbesynthesized,”Yangsaid.Regardingthestudy,ManfredRee

tz,amemberoftheGermanNationalAcademyofSciencesLeopoldina,saiditisaparticularlychallengingtasktoconvertcarbondioxideintosugars.Theachie

vementbyChinesescientistshasprovidedaflexible,multifunctionalandefficientsugarsynthesisroute,whichopensadoorforg

reenchemistry,Reetzsaid.Greenchemistry,similartosustainablechemistry,isarapidlydevelopingfieldthatfocusesonhowtofullyutilizerawmateria

lsandenergyintheprocessofproducingtheintendedproductwhileminimizingoreliminatingtheuseandgenerationofharmfulsubstances.Carbondiox

idetosugarconversionisseenasanexampleofgreenchemistry,sinceitwasconductedundernormaltemperatureandpressureconditionsanddidnotyield

anyharmfulsubstances.28.Whydoscientistskeepstudyingartificialsugarsynthesis?A.Becausesugarisanessentialenergysourceforindustrial

production.B.Becausethetraditionalextractionapproachisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Becauserawmaterialsupplyisunreliableintheprocessoftraditi

onalsugarextraction.D.Becausethetraditionalextractionapproachislessproductivethanplantphotosynthesis.29.HowistheChineses

tudysignificant?A.Itsynthesizedalmostalltypesofsugarinthelaboratory.B.Itcontrolledvariedcatalyticeffectsofdifferentenzymes.C.It

convertedhigh-concentrationcarbondioxideintosugar.D.Itlasted17hours,shorterthanprevioustraditionalme

thods.30.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Greenchemistryhelpeduseupallrawmaterialstogeneratemoreproducts.BCarbondioxidetosugarconvers

ionwillbeusedinindustrialproductionsoon.C.GreenchemistryisanewfieldwhereChinesescientistswillputmoreeffortson..D.Carbondioxid

etosugarconversionwilltakeupallsugarproductionduetoitsefficiency.DMakingelectricityoutoffossilfuelsreleaseslotsofgreenhousegases,whichaccumul

ateintheatmosphereandheatuptheplanet.Nuclearpower,ontheotherhand,hasthepotentialtobeanalmostunlimitedandmoreclimate-friendlyenergysource.Thatisbecau

seincontrasttofossilfuels,nogreenhousegasesarereleaseddirectlyduringtheimmediateuseofthefuel.However,therear

ealsoseveralmajorproblems.First,theminingofnuclearfueliscostlyandenergyintensiveandcausesmanyenvironmentalproblems.Second,nuclearene

rgyproductiongeneratessignificantamountsofradioactivewaste,whichisextremelydangerousifnothandledsafely.Finally,t

heentireprocessrequiresverycomplexandenergyintensiveinfrastructure(基建),whichcontributestoindirectgreenhousegasemissions.Weusecomputerandmathematical

modelstounderstandifitmightbepossibletoredesignnuclearpowerstationsinawaythattheyrunonnuclearwaste.Thiswouldreducethen

egativeimpactsofcurrentandfuturenuclearpowergenerationimmensely.Ourmodelshowthatitisfeasible(可行的)toredesignnuclearpowerstationsinawaytheycan

runonspentnuclearfuel(SNF).Plus,theSNFdoesnothavetobefurthermodifiedbeforeitisused.Evenbetter,ouradvancednuclearpowerstationsdonotpro

duceanyadditionalwaste.Whiletheseinnovativepowerstationsdonotyetexist,ourresearchindicatesthattheyarearealpossibilityforthefuture.Inourresearch,so-

calledmoltensaltreactorsseemapromisingcandidateforthenewtypeofnuclearpowerstationastheycouldberedesignedtorunonSNF.Moltens

altreactorsoperateonfuelmeltinliquidsalt.Overalifetimeof60years,oneofthesereactorswould“eatup”roughly70tonsofSNF.Thisamountaccumulatesin3to4yea

rsofoperationinatraditionalnuclearpowerstationofcomparablesize.Oursuggestedredesignwouldmakenuclearenerg

ygenerationmuchmoreefficientandsustainable,asitcould“squeezeout”upto20timesmoreenergyfromalreadyspentnuclearfuel.ItwouldalsoeliminateanyS

NFasasourceofhighlyproblematicwaste.Creatingnuclearpowerstationsthatcanrunonexistingnuclearwasteisaworthyendeavor,andourfeasibilityanalysi

sshowsthatitcanlikelybedone.However,weneedalotofinnovativeandmultidisciplinaryresearchtoputthisvisionintoreality.“Eatingup”radioactivewasteasfuelwou

ldeliminatethelong-termstorageproblemofcurrentnuclearwaste.Also,itwouldrelieveusfromthecostsandenvironmentaldamagesdonebyminingcurrentnuclear

fuelandthecomplicatedprocessesrequiredforlongtermoperation.ThenewoperationalmodelwouldonlyconsistofmeltingtheSNF,operatin

gthereactor,andcleaningthefuelsalt.Allinall,itwouldreducemanyenvironmental,socialandpoliticalissuesofcurrentnuclearpow

erproduction.Usingourcurrentnuclearwasteasfuelwouldallowustotakefulladvantageoftheclimate-friendlyasp

ectofnuclearpowergeneration.Eveninscienceandtechnology,it’simportanttorealizewhenwehavetorethinkourcurrentapproache

sandwhatouroptionsareforimprovement.Currentnuclearpowerstationshavebeencreatedwithpasttechnologiesandgoalsinmind.N

owadays,somepeopleclaim,theymightcreateoftenmoreproblemsthantheysolve.Weneedinnovativealternativestoprovidesustainable,safeandcleanenergyforge

nerationstocome.31.Whentalkingaboutthemajorproblemsofnuclearpowerproduction,theauthortriestosay________.A.nuclearenergyisnotenviro

nmental-friendlyB.nuclearpowerplantsdeservetoberemodeledC.nuclearenergyisdangerousanddifficulttohand

leD.nuclearpowerplantsarecomplexandhardtobuild32.Whatdoestheword“endeavor”underlinedinParagraph6mostprobablymean?AattemptB.busine

ssC.candidateD.design33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theproposedreactorisfeasibleandlikelytobeputintouse.B.Theproposedreac

toriseconomicalandoperationallyeffective.C.Theproposedreactorcansolvethemajorproblemspreviouslymentionedinthepassa

ge.D.TheproposedreactorcanuseupSNFfrommanytraditionalreactorsofcomparablesize.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Nuclearwaste=fuelofthefuture?B.Nuclearproblems=effortstosolvethemC.Nuclearpower=cleanenergyforthefuture!D.Nuclearplants=innovation

andmultidisciplinaryresearch第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoubecomereallyinterestedinself-

improvementlately?Thispursuitofmoreandbetterthings,whethertheybebetterhealth,clothes,ormoneyhasbeennormalized,bu

tsometimestothedetrimentofpeople’swellbeing.Thisself-improvementmindsetcanmakeyoufeeldisempowered,likeyoushouldbesomeonee

lse.Herearefivetime-wastingself-improvementhabitsthatareharmfultoyou.ExtremelyhighandunrealisticexpectationsHavinggoalscanbeveryhelpful

sinceitcanhelpgiveyousomethingtoworktowardsandplaceyourenergyinto.___35___Thisisaharmfulhabitbecauseyou’renotfocusedony

ourselfandyourenjoymentoflife,buton.achievingotherpeople’sideals.Remember,youdon’thavetobeperfect,youjustneedtobeyourself.Thequickcu

lturementalityTheideaabouthowyoumustnevergiveuporthatyoumustconstantlyhustle,evenattheexpenseofyourhealthcanbeve

rydamagingtoyourwellbeing.Sometimes,thingsjustdon’tworkoutandyouneedtogiveup,butthat’snotabadthing.___36___Asmuchastherearepeoplewhohavesuppo

rtthemselvesandothersbyworkinglonghours,constantlyhustlingwithouttakinganybreaksforyourselftogetyourbearingsmayonlyleadtob

urnout.Puttingaesthetics(审美)overhealthSocialmediacanbeatooltohelpyouchangeyourlifeforthebetter,itcanalsomis

leadhowyouseeyourselfandothers.___37___Womenareimploredtogetdangerous,unnecessarycosmeticsurgeryandmenaretoldtobejackedand

inthegymbyanymeansforthosegains,butourbodiesarenottrendsthatweshouldbeashamedof.InformationwithoutapplicationLikemanyother

s,youmaydecidetoapplytheself-improvementinformationonceyoufinishedreadingallofit,buttherearesomanybooksaboutitandnewoneskeepscomingout.___38__

_Aspowerfulasknowledgeis,appliedknowledgeisthebestkind.Don’tbeafraidtoapplywhatyou’velearntintotheworld.Visual

izationswithoutactionPerhapsyouseeyourselfasapainter,oryouwishyou’dhaveabighouse.Visualizingthelifeyouwantandputtingitouttherecanbeagreatwaytogetyour

selfmotivated.However,thiscanbecomeanissuewhenyouonlyputitoutthereanddreamaboutitwithnothinginbetweentobridgethegap.___39

___Rememberthatyouhavetoactuallydoittogetthere.A.Itcanbeheartbreakingandtough,butitmaybenecessary.B.Itwillbetoobadifyoufailtoke

epyourmomentumandworkon.C.Youneedtocreategreatexpectationsinordertodriveyourselfforward.D.Ifitlacksthestructureandaction,allyoudreamtaboutisonlya

dream.E.Howeveryoumightcreatewildexpectationswhicharetoomuchforyourself.F.Insteadofpromotinghealthylifestyles,itadvertisescertainbodytype

sasdesirable.G.Allofthesehow-to’scanbehelpful,buttheyareuselessifyoudon’tactuallyusethem.第三部分：书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节阅读表达

(共4小题，共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。Japanstartedreleasingnuclear-contaminatedwaterintothePacificOceanonA

ugust24thandwillcontinuetodosoforatleast30years.Inthefaceofstrongquestioningandoppositionfromtheinternationalcommunity,Japan,pla

yswordgamesbyreferringtothedischarged“nuclear-contaminatedwater”as“treatednuclearwastewater”.However,thetwoarefundament

allydifferent.Nuclearwastewaterreferstothewastewaterproducedduringthenormal,dailyoperationofanuclearpowerplant,suchaslargequantitiesofwa

terusedtocooldownthereactoroftheplant.Becausethewaterdoesn’ttouchradioactivesubstances(放射性物质)inthenuclearreactor,itcanbeflushedoutafterstr

ictprocessing.Nuclear-contaminatedwaterreferstocoolingwaterthatcomesintodirectcontactwithradioactivem

aterialsinsidethereactorwhenthereactorisbreachedafteranuclearaccident.Thecoolingwaterbecomescontaminatedwithhighlyr

adioactivesubstances,thusbecomingnuclear-contaminatedwater.TheFukushimanuclearpowerplantexperiencedamajorincidentin

2011,bringingwaterintocontactwithradioactivesubstances.TheJapaneseside’sconflation(混淆)ofthiswithwastewaterfromnormaloperationsisade

ceptiveattempttohidethetruth.TheJapanesesideclaimsthatthemulti-nuclidetreatmentsystemALPSisusedtotreatnuclearconta

minatedwater,andthatthetreatedwaterissafeandevenmeetsdrinkingwaterstandards.However,suchstatementsfailtoalleviatepublicconcerns.Japanhasyett

oaddressmajorinternationalconcerns,suchasthelong-termreliabilityofthepurificationfacility,theauthenticityandaccuracyofthenuclear-contaminatedwater

data,andtheeffectivenessifthemonitoringarrangement.Thisisextremelyselfishandirresponsible,asthedischargewillspreadtherisksofnucl

earcontaminationtotherestoftheworld.40.HowdoestheJapanesemisleadtheinternationalcommunity?____________________________

_____________________________41.Inwhatwaynuclear-contaminatedwaterisdifferentfromnuclearwastewater.____________________________

_____________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Japa

n’sdeceptiveattemptstohidethetruthalleviatepublicconcernsoverthelong-termreliabilityofthepurificationfacility,etc._____________________

____________________________________43.HowisJapan’sdumpingnuclear-contaminatedwaterrelatedtoyou?(Inabout40words)_

________________________________________________________第二节(共20分)44.假如你是红星中学学生李华，你的学校准备以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题举行一场英文辩论赛。作为一名参赛选手，请你表达自己的主张，并对自己的主张进行

论证。内容应包括：1.你是否支持选秀类节目；2.你支持或者反对的原因及依据。参考词汇：talentshow注意：1.词数：100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。_____________________________________________________________

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