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大兴区2023-2024学年度第一学期期中检测试卷高二英语满分：100分考试时长：90分钟第一部分：知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。Intheheartofthecity,nestedbetweenthetoweringskyscrapers,stoodalittlelibrarythathadwithstoodthetestof___

1___.Everybrickandbookinthatbuildingheldstoriesnotjustfromthepages,butofthecountlesssoulswhohadwalkedits___2___.Anna,ayoungwriter,oftenvisitedthiso

asis(绿洲)ofknowledge.Shewasonthe___3___ofpublishingherfirstbookbutwasfacingthecripplingself-doubtthatoftentroublescreators.Oneevening,asshewande

redbetweentheshelves,shehappenedtoseeanold,dusty___4___.Itwasajournalfromthe1800s,writtenbyathen-unknownwriternamedLillian.AsAnnaskimmedthroughthep

ages,shewas___5___byLillian’sstruggleswhichmirroredherown.Lillianwroteofherrejections,hermomentsofdespair,andthenight

sshewantedtogiveup.Butshealsowroteofher___6___moments,wherethewordsflowedlikeariverandthestoriestookalifeoftheirown.Thefinalentr

ywasdatedadaybeforeLillian’sfirstbookwaspublished.Itread,“Tothefuturedreamerswhomayfindthis:Remember,every

___7___hasitsdawn.Yourstrugglesaremerelythedarkbeforethemorninglight.Keepwriting,keepdreaming,andoneday,yourstorieswilllightupsomeone’s___8

___justasyouhavelitupmine.”AnnafeltaconnectiontoLillianacrossthecenturies.Withrenewed___9___,sheleftthelibrary,readytofacethechalle

ngesahead.Forinherheart,shecarriedLillian’sstory—abeaconofhopeandatestamenttothetimelessjourneyof____10____.1.A.m

odernityB.timeC.innovationD.criticism2.A.rowsB.roomsC.seatsD.gates3.A.edgeB.topC.endD.middle4.A.novelB.diaryC.manuscriptD.brochure5.A.preventedB.amaz

edC.struckD.puzzled6.A.disorderlyB.ordinaryC.brightD.final7.A.storyB.nightC.pathD.task8.A.dayB.worldC.despairD.

book9.A.energyB.purposeC.hesitationD.perspective10.A.creationB.writingC.discoveryD.learning第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分

，共15分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Millionsofyearsago,theEarth___11___(

inhabit)bywonderfulcreaturesthatnolongerwalkourlands.Onesuchcreature,thedodo,oncethrivedontheisolatedisla

ndofMauritius.Itwasaflightlessbird___12___auniqueappearance.Sadly,duetohumaninterferenceandintroducedspecies,thesebirdswer

edriventoextinctionwithinafewcenturiesoftheir___13___(discover).B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的

正确形式填空。MarieCurie,borninWarsaw,Poland,wasatrailblazingphysicistandchemistacknowledgedforher___14___(pioneer)r

esearchonradioactivity.Notonlydidshebecomethefirstwoman___15___(win)aNobelPrize,butshealsoremainstheonlypersonwhohaswonNo

belPrizesinbothPhysicsandChemistry.Herdedicationandperseveranceinamale-dominatedfield___16___(inspire)countlessindividualsworld

wide.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。DuringtheRenaissance,aperiod___17___coversfromthe14thtothe17

thcentury,Europeexperiencedarevivalofart,culture,andintellect.LeonardodaVinci,oftenreferredtoasthearchetypeofthe“Renais

sanceMan”,wasnotonlyanartistbutalso___18___inventor,scientist,andmathematician.Hispainting,theMonaLisa,isconsideredoneof___19___(famo

us)iconicworksofart.Yet,manyofhis___20___(invention),althoughrevolutionary,werenotbuiltduringhislifetime.第二部

分：阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AHorizonInstitute:AnnualWinterWorkshopBackgroundEstablishedin2005

,HorizonInstituteiscommittedtobridgingthegapbetweenacademictheoryandreal-worldapplication.Withover20,000alumniworldw

ide,ourfocusisonprovidinghands-onexperiencesinawiderangeofdisciplines.WorkshopDetails:Dates:December5th-December20thCoursesAvailable:Advanc

edMathematics,ExperimentalPhysics,DigitalArtDesign,andLeadershipDynamics.Eligibility:Studentsaged12-18withakeeninterestinthechosensubje

ct.Fee:$350forasinglecourse.Enrollintwoormorecoursesfora15%discountonthetotalfee.FacilitiesandFeatures:State-of-the-artlaboratoriesanddesignstudios

.Interactivesessionswithindustryexperts.Dedicatedmentorshipbyexperiencedprofessionals.Accesstoourextensivelibraryandonlineresources.AdditionalBenefit

s:Certificationuponcoursecompletion.Opportunitiesforinternshipsinpartnerorganizations.NetworkingeventswithHorizonalumniandind

ustryleaders.ForMoreDetails:VisitourcampusonNovember15thforanopenhousesession.Contactusviaemail:contact@horizoninstitute.orgorcall

:(456)789-0123.21.WhatisHorizonInstitute’sprimarymission?A.Hostingwinterworkshopseveryyear.B.Organizingnetworkingeventsfors

tudents.C.Linkingacademicteachingstopracticalexperiences.D.Offeringonlinecoursesinvariousdisciplines.22.Whatcanstudentsexpectw

hentheyjoinintheworkshop?A.Freemealsthroughoutthecourse.B.Personalizedone-on-oneteachingsessions.C.Interactionwithprofessionalsfromvariou

sindustries.D.Achancetostudyabroadwithpartnerinstitutions.23.Howcansomeonegatherin-depthinformationabouttheworkshop?A.Bybrowsingtheinstitute’sonl

inecatalog.B.ByattendingtheopenhouseonNovember15th.CBywaitingfortheannualnewsletter.D.Byjoiningtheinstitute’ssocialmediapage.B

InthesprawlingmetropolisofGrayville,whereskyscraperstouchedtheheavensandstreetswereconstantlybuzzingwithlife,thereexistedauniqueplac

ecalled“TheCornerofQuietude”.Itwasneitheraparknorabuilding.Infact,itwassimplyastreetcorner,markedbyasinglelamppostwithapeculia

rsign:“Speaksoftly,forthisisaplaceofsolace”.Legendhaditthatanyonespeakingbeneaththislamppost,regardlessofthesurroundingnoise,would

findtheirwordsdrownedout,replacedbyanmysteriouspeace.Overtheyears,manyhadcometoexperienceitsmagic.Theyspoke

ofheartbreaks,dreams,regrets,andwishes,seekingsolaceinitsembrace.Ella,ajournalistnewtoGrayville,stum

bleduponthiscornerduringanassignment.Doubtful,shedecidedtotestthelegend.Whisperingherdeepestfearsaboutherfailingcareera

ndstrugglesinthebigcity,shewasshockedwhenallsheheardwasacalmingwhisper,almostasiftheworldaroundherpaused.Elladugintothehistoryof“

TheCornerofQuietude”.Shediscoveredthatdecadesago,amusiciannamedAlarichadlosthisvoiceandwouldvisitthecornereverynight,playinghissilentt

unesonaviolin,hopingtocommunicatethroughhismusic.SomebelievedthatthecornerabsorbedAlaric’syearningforexpressionandbecameaplaceforallwhosoughttov

oicetheirinnermostemotions.24.Whatwasuniqueabout“TheCornerofQuietude”inGrayville?A.Itwastheoldestparkinthisbusy

city..B.ItwaswhereAlaricplayedmusiceverynight.C.Peoplefoundtheirwordsreplacedbyquietness.D.Itwasasilentzonewherenosoundwasallowed.25.WhydidEll

acometothecornerinthefirstplace?A.Tocheckthelegend.B.Towhisperherfears.C.Tomeetthemusician.D.Tofinishherassignm

ent.26.HowdidEllareactuponexperiencingthecorner’smagic?A.Shefeltitwasjustanothercitymystery.B.Sheimmediatelybelievedinthelegend.CShewroteanarticleto

clarifythetruth.D.Shewassurprisedandfeltasenseofcalm.27.WhatissuggestedaboutthemusicianAlaric?A.Hewasthefounderof

Grayvilleandthecorner.B.Hereclaimedhisvoicebyplayingatthecorner.C.Heplayedmusictodisruptthepeaceoftheco

rner.D.Hissilenttunescontributedtothecorner’smysterioussense.CChinesescientistsrecentlyachievedprecisetotalsynthesis(合成)ofsugarfromcarbond

ioxideinthelaboratory,markingacrucialstepinartificialsugarsynthesis.Thesynthesis,whichtookmorethantwoyearstorealize,wasachievedbyte

amsfromtheChineseAcademyofSciences’TianjinInstituteofIndustrialBiotechnologyandtheacademy’sDalianInstituteofChemicalPhysics.T

heirresearchwaspublishedlastweekinapaperinChineseScienceBulletin,amultidisciplinaryacademicjournal.Sugarisamajorsourceofenergyforthehumanbodyand

akeyrawmaterialforindustrialproduction,anditismainlyobtainedbyextractingitfromcropssuchassugarcane.However,thetraditionalm

ethodofextractionislimitedbytheenergyconversionefficiencyofplantphotosynthesis.Moreover,theprocessofextractingsugarhasbeen

affectedbyuncertainrawmaterialsuppliesduetolanddegradationandshortages,ecosystemdegradationandextremeweatherandnaturaldi

sasterscausedbyglobalwarming.Asaresult,artificialsugarsynthesishasbeencontinuallystudiedbythescientificcommu

nityinrecentyears,andscientistsaroundtheworldhavecontributedtotheeffort.Intheirlatestresearch,theChinesescientistsadjustedhigh-concentrationcarbon

dioxideandotherrawmaterialsinthereactionsolution.Withthehelpofchemicalcatalystsandenzyme(酶)catalysts,theyobtainedfourkindsof

sugars:glucose,allulose,tagatoseandmannose..Theexperimentlastedabout17hours,muchshorterthanthetimerequiredfortraditionalmethodsofsugar

extraction,accordingtoYangJiangang,leadauthorofthepaperandassociateresearcherattheTianjininstitute.Theefficienc

yofsugarsynthesisinthisstudywas0.67gramsperliterperhour,whichwasmorethan10timeshigherthanthepreviousresultsachievedbyscientistswor

ldwide.Yangsaidthatthecarbondioxidetosugarconversionrateofglucosereached59.8nanomolesofcarbonpermilligramofcatalystpe

rminute.Thisisthehighestlevelofartificialsugarproductionknowndomesticallyandinternationally.Thestudyalsoachievedprecisecontrolofar

tificialsugarsynthesis.“Bycontrollingthevariedcatalyticeffectsofdifferentenzymes,theoreticallyalmostan

ytypeofsugarcanbesynthesized,”Yangsaid.Regardingthestudy,ManfredReetz,amemberoftheGermanNationalAcademyofSci

encesLeopoldina,saiditisaparticularlychallengingtasktoconvertcarbondioxideintosugars.TheachievementbyChinesescientistshasp

rovidedaflexible,multifunctionalandefficientsugarsynthesisroute,whichopensadoorforgreenchemistry,Reetzsaid.Greenchemistry,similartosustainablechem

istry,isarapidlydevelopingfieldthatfocusesonhowtofullyutilizerawmaterialsandenergyintheprocessofproducingtheintende

dproductwhileminimizingoreliminatingtheuseandgenerationofharmfulsubstances.Carbondioxidetosugarconversionisseenasanexampleofgreenchemi

stry,sinceitwasconductedundernormaltemperatureandpressureconditionsanddidnotyieldanyharmfulsubstances.28.Whydoscientistskeepstudyingartificial

sugarsynthesis?A.Becausesugarisanessentialenergysourceforindustrialproduction.B.Becausethetraditiona

lextractionapproachisnotenvironmentallyfriendly.C.Becauserawmaterialsupplyisunreliableintheprocessoftraditionalsugarextraction.D.Be

causethetraditionalextractionapproachislessproductivethanplantphotosynthesis.29.HowistheChinesestudysign

ificant?A.Itsynthesizedalmostalltypesofsugarinthelaboratory.B.Itcontrolledvariedcatalyticeffectsofdifferentenzymes.C.Itconvertedhigh

-concentrationcarbondioxideintosugar.D.Itlasted17hours,shorterthanprevioustraditionalmethods.30.Whatcanweinferfrom

thepassage?A.Greenchemistryhelpeduseupallrawmaterialstogeneratemoreproducts.BCarbondioxidetosugarconversionw

illbeusedinindustrialproductionsoon.C.GreenchemistryisanewfieldwhereChinesescientistswillputmoreeffortson..D.

Carbondioxidetosugarconversionwilltakeupallsugarproductionduetoitsefficiency.DMakingelectricityoutoffossilfuelsreleaseslotsofgreenhousegas

es,whichaccumulateintheatmosphereandheatuptheplanet.Nuclearpower,ontheotherhand,hasthepotentialtobeanalmostunlimitedandmoreclimate-friendlyene

rgysource.Thatisbecauseincontrasttofossilfuels,nogreenhousegasesarereleaseddirectlyduringtheimmediateuseofthefuel

.However,therearealsoseveralmajorproblems.First,theminingofnuclearfueliscostlyandenergyintensiveandcausesmanyenvironmentalproblems.

Second,nuclearenergyproductiongeneratessignificantamountsofradioactivewaste,whichisextremelydangerousif

nothandledsafely.Finally,theentireprocessrequiresverycomplexandenergyintensiveinfrastructure(基建),whichc

ontributestoindirectgreenhousegasemissions.Weusecomputerandmathematicalmodelstounderstandifitmightbepossibletoredesignnuclearpowerstationsinawa

ythattheyrunonnuclearwaste.Thiswouldreducethenegativeimpactsofcurrentandfuturenuclearpowergenerationimmensely.Ourmodelshowtha

titisfeasible(可行的)toredesignnuclearpowerstationsinawaytheycanrunonspentnuclearfuel(SNF).Plus,theSNFdoesn

othavetobefurthermodifiedbeforeitisused.Evenbetter,ouradvancednuclearpowerstationsdonotproduceanyadditionalwaste.Whilethesein

novativepowerstationsdonotyetexist,ourresearchindicatesthattheyarearealpossibilityforthefuture.Inourresea

rch,so-calledmoltensaltreactorsseemapromisingcandidateforthenewtypeofnuclearpowerstationastheycouldberedesignedtoruno

nSNF.Moltensaltreactorsoperateonfuelmeltinliquidsalt.Overalifetimeof60years,oneofthesereactorswould“eat

up”roughly70tonsofSNF.Thisamountaccumulatesin3to4yearsofoperationinatraditionalnuclearpowerstationofcomparablesize.Oursuggestedredesignwould

makenuclearenergygenerationmuchmoreefficientandsustainable,asitcould“squeezeout”upto20timesmoreenergyfromalread

yspentnuclearfuel.ItwouldalsoeliminateanySNFasasourceofhighlyproblematicwaste.Creatingnuclearpowerstationsthatcanrunonexistingnuclea

rwasteisaworthyendeavor,andourfeasibilityanalysisshowsthatitcanlikelybedone.However,weneedalotofinnovativeandmultidisciplinaryresearchtoputth

isvisionintoreality.“Eatingup”radioactivewasteasfuelwouldeliminatethelong-termstorageproblemofcurrentnucle

arwaste.Also,itwouldrelieveusfromthecostsandenvironmentaldamagesdonebyminingcurrentnuclearfuelandthecomplicatedprocessesrequiredforlon

gtermoperation.ThenewoperationalmodelwouldonlyconsistofmeltingtheSNF,operatingthereactor,andcleaningthefuelsa

lt.Allinall,itwouldreducemanyenvironmental,socialandpoliticalissuesofcurrentnuclearpowerproduction.Usingourcurrentnuclearwasteasfuelwouldallowust

otakefulladvantageoftheclimate-friendlyaspectofnuclearpowergeneration.Eveninscienceandtechnology,it’simportanttorealizewhenwehavetorethin

kourcurrentapproachesandwhatouroptionsareforimprovement.Currentnuclearpowerstationshavebeencreatedwithpasttechnolog

iesandgoalsinmind.Nowadays,somepeopleclaim,theymightcreateoftenmoreproblemsthantheysolve.Weneedinnovativealternativesto

providesustainable,safeandcleanenergyforgenerationstocome.31.Whentalkingaboutthemajorproblemsofnuclearpowerproduction,theauthortriestosay________.A.

nuclearenergyisnotenvironmental-friendlyB.nuclearpowerplantsdeservetoberemodeledC.nuclearenergyisdangerousanddifficulttohandl

eD.nuclearpowerplantsarecomplexandhardtobuild32.Whatdoestheword“endeavor”underlinedinParagraph6mostprobablymean?A

attemptB.businessC.candidateD.design33.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Theproposedreactorisfeasibleandlikelytobeputintouse.B.Theproposedre

actoriseconomicalandoperationallyeffective.C.Theproposedreactorcansolvethemajorproblemspreviouslymentionedinthepassage.D.Thepropose

dreactorcanuseupSNFfrommanytraditionalreactorsofcomparablesize.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Nuclearwaste=

fuelofthefuture?B.Nuclearproblems=effortstosolvethemC.Nuclearpower=cleanenergyforthefuture!D.Nuclearplants=innovationandm

ultidisciplinaryresearch第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoubecomereallyinterestedinself-improvementlately

?Thispursuitofmoreandbetterthings,whethertheybebetterhealth,clothes,ormoneyhasbeennormalized,butsomet

imestothedetrimentofpeople’swellbeing.Thisself-improvementmindsetcanmakeyoufeeldisempowered,likeyoushouldbesomeoneelse.Herear

efivetime-wastingself-improvementhabitsthatareharmfultoyou.ExtremelyhighandunrealisticexpectationsHavinggoalscanbevery

helpfulsinceitcanhelpgiveyousomethingtoworktowardsandplaceyourenergyinto.___35___Thisisaharmfulhabitbecauseyou’renotf

ocusedonyourselfandyourenjoymentoflife,buton.achievingotherpeople’sideals.Remember,youdon’thavetobeperfect,youjustneedtobeyourself.Thequi

ckculturementalityTheideaabouthowyoumustnevergiveuporthatyoumustconstantlyhustle,evenattheexpenseofyourhealthcanbeverydama

gingtoyourwellbeing.Sometimes,thingsjustdon’tworkoutandyouneedtogiveup,butthat’snotabadthing.___36___Asmuchastherearepeop

lewhohavesupportthemselvesandothersbyworkinglonghours,constantlyhustlingwithouttakinganybreaksforyourself

togetyourbearingsmayonlyleadtoburnout.Puttingaesthetics(审美)overhealthSocialmediacanbeatooltohelpyouchangey

ourlifeforthebetter,itcanalsomisleadhowyouseeyourselfandothers.___37___Womenareimploredtogetdangerous,unnecessarycosmeticsurgeryandmenaretoldtob

ejackedandinthegymbyanymeansforthosegains,butourbodiesarenottrendsthatweshouldbeashamedof.InformationwithoutapplicationLikemanyothers,youm

aydecidetoapplytheself-improvementinformationonceyoufinishedreadingallofit,buttherearesomanybooksaboutitandnewoneskeepscomingout._

__38___Aspowerfulasknowledgeis,appliedknowledgeisthebestkind.Don’tbeafraidtoapplywhatyou’velearntintotheworld.VisualizationswithoutactionPerha

psyouseeyourselfasapainter,oryouwishyou’dhaveabighouse.Visualizingthelifeyouwantandputtingitouttherecanbeagreatwaytogetyoursel

fmotivated.However,thiscanbecomeanissuewhenyouonlyputitoutthereanddreamaboutitwithnothinginbetweentobridgethegap.___39___Rem

emberthatyouhavetoactuallydoittogetthere.A.Itcanbeheartbreakingandtough,butitmaybenecessary.B.Itwillbetoobadifyoufai

ltokeepyourmomentumandworkon.C.Youneedtocreategreatexpectationsinordertodriveyourselfforward.D.Ifitlacksthestructureanda

ction,allyoudreamtaboutisonlyadream.E.Howeveryoumightcreatewildexpectationswhicharetoomuchforyourself.F.Insteadofpromotingh

ealthylifestyles,itadvertisescertainbodytypesasdesirable.G.Allofthesehow-to’scanbehelpful,buttheyareuselessifyoudo

n’tactuallyusethem.第三部分：书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节阅读表达(共4小题，共12分;第40、41小题,每小题2分;第42题,3分;第43题,5分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。Japanstartedre

leasingnuclear-contaminatedwaterintothePacificOceanonAugust24thandwillcontinuetodosoforatleast30years.Inthefac

eofstrongquestioningandoppositionfromtheinternationalcommunity,Japan,playswordgamesbyreferringtothedischarged“nuclear-con

taminatedwater”as“treatednuclearwastewater”.However,thetwoarefundamentallydifferent.Nuclearwastewaterreferstothewastewaterproducedduringtheno

rmal,dailyoperationofanuclearpowerplant,suchaslargequantitiesofwaterusedtocooldownthereactoroftheplant.Becausethewaterdoesn’ttouchr

adioactivesubstances(放射性物质)inthenuclearreactor,itcanbeflushedoutafterstrictprocessing.Nuclear-contaminated

waterreferstocoolingwaterthatcomesintodirectcontactwithradioactivematerialsinsidethereactorwhenthereactorisbr

eachedafteranuclearaccident.Thecoolingwaterbecomescontaminatedwithhighlyradioactivesubstances,thusbecomingnu

clear-contaminatedwater.TheFukushimanuclearpowerplantexperiencedamajorincidentin2011,bringingwaterintocontactwithradioact

ivesubstances.TheJapaneseside’sconflation(混淆)ofthiswithwastewaterfromnormaloperationsisadeceptiveattempttohideth

etruth.TheJapanesesideclaimsthatthemulti-nuclidetreatmentsystemALPSisusedtotreatnuclearcontaminatedwater,andthatthetreatedwaterissafeandevenmeetsd

rinkingwaterstandards.However,suchstatementsfailtoalleviatepublicconcerns.Japanhasyettoaddressmajorinternationalconcerns,suchasthelong-te

rmreliabilityofthepurificationfacility,theauthenticityandaccuracyofthenuclear-contaminatedwaterdata,andtheeffectivenessifthem

onitoringarrangement.Thisisextremelyselfishandirresponsible,asthedischargewillspreadtherisksofnuclearc

ontaminationtotherestoftheworld.40.HowdoestheJapanesemisleadtheinternationalcommunity?_________________

________________________________________41.Inwhatwaynuclear-contaminatedwaterisdifferentfromnuclearwastewater.____________________

_____________________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Japan’sdeceptiveattemp

tstohidethetruthalleviatepublicconcernsoverthelong-termreliabilityofthepurificationfacility,etc._______________________________________

__________________43.HowisJapan’sdumpingnuclear-contaminatedwaterrelatedtoyou?(Inabout40words)_________________________________

________________________第二节(共20分)44.假如你是红星中学学生李华，你的学校准备以“选秀类节目是否对公众有益”为题举行一场英文辩论赛。作为一名参赛选手，请你表达自己的主张，并对自己的主张进行论证。内容应包括：1.你是否支持选秀类节目；2.你支持或者反对的原因及依据。参

考词汇：talentshow注意：1.词数：100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。_______________________________________________________________________

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