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陕西省西安中学2021届高三模拟考试英语试题精选汇编七选五专题（带解析）陕西省西安中学2021届高三第九次模拟考试英语试题第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Both

IQandEQareconsideredimportanttoourcareersuccess.____16____Enteradaptabilityquotient(AQ),asubjectivesetofqualitieslooselydefinedastheability

toimproveinanenvironmentoffastandfrequentchange.Everyprofessionwillrequireadaptabilityandflexibility.Sayyouareanacco

untant.YourIQgetsyouthroughtheexaminations.YourEQhelpsyourconnectwithaninterviewer,landajob,anddeveloprelationshipswithclientsandcolleagues.____17___

_Allthreequotientsaresomewhatcomplementary(互补的),sincetheyallhelpyousolveproblemsandthereforeadapt.Anidealcandidatepossessesallthree

,butnoteveryonedoes.____18____WhilethereisnodefinitemethodofmeasuringadaptabilitylikeanIQtest,companiesa

rechangingtheirrecruitment(招聘)processestohelpidentifypeoplewhomaybehighinit.NatalieFrattosuggeststhreewaysAQmightshowinpotentialcandidates:ifth

eycanpicturepossibleversionsofthefuturebyaskingwhatifquestions;iftheycanunlearninformationtochallengeconventionalwisdom;andiftheyenjoyexplorationor

seekingoutnewexperiences.____19____First,limitdistractionsandlearntofocussothatyoucandeterminewhatadaptationstomake.Second,askunco

mfortablequestionstodevelopcourageandnormalizefear.Third,becuriousaboutthingsthatfascinateyoubyhavingmoreconversationsratherthanGooglin

gthereadyanswer.Overthenextthreeyears,120millionpeoplemayneedtobereskilledbecauseofautomation,accordingtoa2019IBMstudy.Wemayn

otallbecomfortablewiththepaceofchange-butwecanprepare.____20____A.AQisnowincreasinglybeingsoughtatthehiringleve

l.B.OnegoodthingaboutAQisthatexpertssayyoucanworktodevelopit.C.Theabilitytolearn,change,grow,experimentwillbethekey

.D.Thisisbecauseanalgorithm(算法)candothesetasksfasterandmoreaccuratelythanahuman.E.Buttoday,astechnologyredefineshowwework,theskillsweneedtoimpr

oveinthejobmarketaredevelopingtoo.F.HavingIQbutnoEQwouldleaveyoustrugglingtoembracenewwaysofworkingusingyourexist

ingskills.G.Then,whensystemschangeoraspectsofworkareautomated,youwillneedAQtoaccommodatethisinnovationandadapttonewwaysofperformingyourrole.【答案】

16.E17.G18.A19.B20.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明性论述文。文章引进了新概念逆境商数AQ，从现象、原因和做法等方面对AQ进行分析，呼吁大家提高适应环境的能力。【16题详解】根据前文“BothIQandEQ

areconsideredimportanttoourcareersuccess.（智商和情商对我们事业的成功都很重要。）”以及后文“Enteradaptabilityquotient(AQ),asubjectivesetofqualitieslooselydefinedastheabilit

ytoimproveinanenvironmentoffastandfrequentchange.（适应能力商数”(简称AQ)，是一组主观素质，大致定义为能够在快速频繁变化的环境中不断改进的能力。）”空白处前后句形成一定的对比，前

面为大家熟知的IQ和EQ，后面引出新的AQ，E选项“Buttoday,astechnologyredefineshowwework,theskillsweneedtoimproveinthejobmarketaredevelopi

ngtoo.(但今天，随着技术重新定义我们的工作方式，我们在就业市场上需要改进的技能也在发展。)”符合语境，E项developingtoo即对应着在前文的基础上更进一步，improve原词重现。故选E。【17题详解】根

据前文“Sayyouareanaccountant.YourIQgetsyouthroughtheexaminations.YourIQgetsyouthroughtheexaminations.YourEQhelpsyourconnectwith

aninterviewer,landajob,anddeveloprelationshipswithclientsandcolleagues.（假设你是一名会计。你的智商能让你通过考试。情商有助于你与面试官联系、找到工作、与客户和同事发展关系。）”前文分别

介绍了IQ和EQ在工作中的作用，所以空白处应该是AQ在工作中的作用，G选项“Then,whensystemschangeoraspectsofworkareautomated,youwillneedAQtoaccommodatethisinnovationandadap

ttonewwaysofperformingyourrole.”（然后，当系统改变或工作的某些方面自动化时，您将需要AQ来适应这种创新并适应执行您的角色的新方法。）符合语境，故选G。【18题详解】根据前文“Anidealcandidateposse

ssesallthree,butnoteveryonedoes.（理想的候选人三者都具备，但并不是每个人都具备。）”以及后文“WhilethereisnodefinitemethodofmeasuringadaptabilitylikeanIQtest,companie

sarechangingtheirrecruitment(招聘)processestohelpidentifypeoplewhomaybehighinit.（虽然还没有像智商测试那样确定的衡量适应性的方法，但公司正在改变他们的招聘流程，以帮助识别那些可能在AQ处于较高水

平的人。）”可知，前文写这三商并非每人都有，后面写公司改变招募方式来确定谁是高适应性的人，说明AQ现在可能更加重要。A选项“AQisnowincreasinglybeingsoughtatthehiringlevel.”（AQ现在在招聘层面上越来越受欢迎。）符合语境，且A项hiring对

应recruitment。故选A。【19题详解】空白处在这一段开头，为该段的总起句，根据后文“First,limitdistractionsandlearntofocussothatyoucandeterminewhatadaptationstomake.Secon

d,askuncomfortablequestionstodevelopcourageandnormalizefear.Third,becuriousaboutthingsthatfascinateyoubyhavingmoreconversationsratherthanGooglingthe

readyanswer.（首先，限制分心，学会集中注意力，这样你就能决定要做出什么样的调整。第二，提出不舒服的问题来培养勇气，让恐惧正常化。第三，对吸引你的事物保持好奇心，多交谈，而不是搜索现成的答案）”该段后面介绍了一些方法来提高适应性，B

选项“OnegoodthingaboutAQisthatexpertssayyoucanworktodevelopit.”（AQ的一个好处是，专家说你可以努力开发它。）符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】空白处为最后一句，对前文进行总结

。前文“Wemaynotallbecomfortablewiththepaceofchange-butwecanprepare.（我们可能都不适应变化的速度，但我们可以做好准备。）”写我们需要为未来的变化准备，如何

准备呢？C选项“Theabilitytolearn,change,grow,experimentwillbethekey.(学习、改变、成长、实验的能力将是关键。)”符合语境，这些都是上文所说的技能，故选C。陕西省西安中学2021届高三第八次模拟考试英语试题根据短

文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TheFlynnEffectTheFlynneffect，firstdescribedinthe1980sbyresearcherJamesFlynn，referstothefinding

thatscoresonIQtestshaveincreasedinthepastcentury.Oneresearchpaper，publishedbypsychologistLisaTrahanandhercolleague

s，combinedtheresultsofotherpublishedstudiesandfoundthatIQscoreshaveindeedincreasedsincethe1950s.___16___Trahanandhercolleaguesobserved，“Theex

istenceoftheFlynneffectisrarelydisputed.”____17____Oneexplanationhastodowithimprovementsinhealthandnutri

tion.Forexample，thepastcenturyhasseenadecreaseinsmokingandalcoholuseinpregnancy，improvementsinthepreventionandtreatmentof

infectiousdiseases，andimprovementsinnutrition.AsScottBarryKaufmanwritesforPsychologyToday，“TheFlynneffec

tservesasareminderthatwhenwegivepeoplemoreopportunitiestoprosper，morepeopledoprosper.”____18____InaTEDtalk，Flynnexplainsthatthewor

ldtodayis“aworldwherewe'vehadtodevelopnewmentalhabits，newhabitsofmind.”FlynnhasfoundthatIQscoreshaveincreasedthemostrapidlyonquestionsthataskustofi

ndsimilaritiesbetweendifferentthings，andmoreabstracttypesofproblemsolving，bothofwhicharethingsthatweneedtodomoreofinthemodemworld.Severalidea

shavebeenbroughtuptoexplainwhymodernsocietymightleadtohigherscoresonIQtests.Forexample，today，manymor

eofushavedemanding，intellectuallyrigorousjobs.Schoolshavealsochanged：whereasatestatschoolintheearly1900smighthavebeenmorefocusedonmemorizat

ion，arecenttestmightbemorelikelytofocusonexplainingthereasonsforsomething.____19____Familysizestendtobesmaller，andithasbeensuggestedth

atthismayallowchildrentopickuponnewvocabularywordswhileinteractingwiththeirparents.I'sevenbeensuggeste

dthattheentertainmentweconsumeismorecomplextoday.____20____Therefore，boththeeducationwereceiveandthesocietyweliveinshapeourIQinawayt

hatwecannotimagine.A.Inotherwords，thereisalotaboutIQthatwemaynotknowyet.B.AnotherexplanationfortheFlynneffecthastodowithsocietalchangesC.Researchersh

aveputforwardseveraltheoriestoexplaintheFlynneffect.D.Tryingtounderstandandanticipateplotpointsmayactuallybemakingussmarter.E.Althoughtherehaveb

eenexceptions，IQscoreshavegenerallyincreasedovertime.F.Additionally，morepeopletodayarelikelytofinishhighschoola

ndgoontocollege.G.TheFlynneffectshowsthathumanmindismoreadaptablethanwemighthavethought.【答案】16.E17.C18.B19.F20.D【解析】【分析】本

文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了弗林效应的定义以及人们的智商测试分数不断提高的原因。【16题详解】根据后文“Trahanandhercolleaguesobserved，“TheexistenceoftheFlynneffectisrarelydisputed.”（特拉

汉和她的同事观察到，“弗林效应的存在很少有争议。”）说明尽管也有些例外，但总体智商是提高的。E选项“Althoughtherehavebeenexceptions，IQscoreshavegenerallyincreasedovertime.”（

虽然也有例外，但智商分数通常会随着时间的推移而提高。）符合题意，故选E项。【17题详解】根据后文“Oneexplanationhastodowithimprovementsinhealthandnutrition.（一种解释与健康和营养的改善有关。）”可知，本段是

解释弗林效应的。C选项“ResearchershaveputforwardseveraltheoriestoexplaintheFlynneffect.”（研究人员提出了几种理论来解释弗林效应。）符合题意，故选C项。【1

8题详解】根据前一段“Oneexplanationhastodowithimprovementsinhealthandnutrition.（一种解释与健康和营养的改善有关。）”可知，本段是另一种解释弗林效应的理论。B选项“Ano

therexplanationfortheFlynneffecthastodowithsocietalchanges”（弗林效应的另一种解释与社会变化有关）符合题意，故选B项。【19题详解】根据前文“Severalideashavebeenbroughtuptoexplainwhymode

rnsocietymightleadtohigherscoresonIQtests.（人们提出了一些观点来解释为什么现代社会可能会导致智商测试的高分。）”可知，本段是解释人们智商高的原因。F选项“Additionally，morepeop

letodayarelikelytofinishhighschoolandgoontocollege（此外，更多的人今天可能完成高中和继续大学）”符合题意，故选F项。【20题详解】根据前文“I'sevenb

eensuggestedthattheentertainmentweconsumeismorecomplextoday.（甚至有人建议说，我们今天消费的娱乐更加复杂。）”可知，如今娱乐也可以提高我们的智商。D选

项“Tryingtounderstandandanticipateplotpointsmayactuallybemakingussmarter.”（试图理解和预测情节点实际上可能会让我们更聪明。）符合题意，故选D项。陕西省西安中学2021届高三第七次模拟考试英语试题

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Gravityisoneofthosethingswetakecompletelyforgranted:Itisalwaysthere,anditnev

erchanges.IftheEarth’sgravitywereevertochangesignificantly,itwouldaffectnearlyeverything,becausesomanythingsaredesignedaroundthecurrents

tateofgravity.____16____Thiswouldturnouttobeaprettybadday.Everythingwouldstartfloating.Butit’snotjustfurnitureandtheli

kethatwouldstarttofloat.TwoofthemoreimportantthingsheldtotheEarthbygravityaretheatmosphereandthewaterintheoceans,la

kesandrivers.Withoutgravity,theairintheatmospherehasnoreasontohangaround,anditwouldimmediatelyleapintospace.____17____Themoondoesn’thav

eenoughgravitytokeepanatmospherearoundit,soit’sinanearvacuum.Withoutanatmosphere,anylivingthingwouldd

ieimmediatelyandanythingliquidwouldboilawayintospace.____18____Ifgravityweretosuddenlydouble,itwouldbealmostasbad,becauseeverythingwouldbetwiceashe

avy.Therewouldbebigproblemswithanythingstructural.Houses,bridges,skyscrapers,tablelegs,supportcolumnsandsoonareallsizedfornorm

algravity.____19____Treesandplantswouldhaveproblems.Powerlineswouldhaveproblems.Theairpressurewoulddoubleandthatwouldhaveabigeffectontheweather.Wh

atthisarticleshowsyouisjusthownecessarygravityistoourworld.____20____Itisoneofthetruenecessaryconstantsinourlives!A.Thisist

heproblemthemoonhas.B.That’swhythereisnolifeinthemoon’satmosphere.C.Thestructuremaynotlastifthegravitywas

reduced.D.Wecan’tlivewithoutit,andwecan’taffordtohaveitchange.E.Imaginethat,oneday,therewasnoforceofgravityonplanetE

arth.F.Inotherwords,noonewouldlastlongiftheplanetdidn’thavegravity.G.Mostbuildingswouldcollapsefairlyquicklyifyoudouble

dtheloadonthem.【答案】16.E17.A18.F19.G20.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了重力的重要性，同时提到了重力消失可能带来的一系列问题。【详解】1.根据后文“Everythingwo

uldstartfloating.”（所有的东西都会漂浮起来），提到了将会发生的情况，所以空白处应该讲的为是在什么情况下会发生下文的情形。根据常识知道这是重力消失的现象，因此前一句应该是假设重力消失，选项E.“

Imaginethat,oneday,therewasnoforceofgravityonplanetEarth.”（想象一下，有一天，地球上没有重力。）与文意相符，故选E。2.根据前文“Withoutgravity,theairintheatmosphere

hasnoreasontohangaround,anditwouldimmediatelyleapintospace.”（没有重力，大气中的空气没有理由停留，它会立刻跃入太空。）提到了重力的作用。后文“Themoondoesn’thaveenoughgravitytokeep

anatmospherearoundit,soit’sinanearvacuum.”（月球没有足够的引力来保持周围的大气层，所以它处于一个接近真空的状态。）提到月球上没有大气。所以可推知，空白处描述的是月球上存在的问题。选项A.“Thisistheproblem

themoonhas.”（这就是月球的问题所在。）符合题意，故选A。3.根据前文“Themoondoesn’thaveenoughgravitytokeepanatmospherearoundit,soit’sinanearvacuum.Withoutan

atmosphere,anylivingthingwoulddieimmediatelyandanythingliquidwouldboilawayintospace.”（月球没有足够的引力来保持周围的大气层，所以它处于一个接近真空的状态。没有大气层，任何生物都会立即死亡，

任何液体都会蒸发进入太空。）讲述了对没有重力的假设和重力对大气的重要作用，所以此处应该是对前述内容的总结。选项F.“Inotherwords,noonewouldlastlongiftheplanetdidn’thavegravity.

”（换句话说，如果没有重力，没有人能坚持很久。）符合题意，故选F。4.根据前文“Ifgravityweretosuddenlydouble,itwouldbealmostasbad,becauseeverythingwoul

dbetwiceasheavy.Therewouldbebigproblemswithanythingstructural.”（如果引力突然加倍，情况也会同样糟糕，因为所有物体的重量都会加倍。任何结构性的东西都会有大问题。）提到了重力加倍对于建筑物来说将会带来大问题，可知后文将叙述具体是什么

问题，选项G.“Mostbuildingswouldcollapsefairlyquicklyifyoudoubledtheloadonthem.”（如果加倍负荷，大多数建筑物都会很快倒塌。）符合题意，故选G。5.根据前文“Wh

atthisarticleshowsyouisjusthownecessarygravityistoourworld.”（这篇文章向你们展示了，重力对我们的世界是多么的重要。）叙述重力的重要作用，所以下文可以描述没有重力会有什么影响。选项D.“Wecan’tlivewithoutit,and

wecan’taffordtohaveitchange.”（没有它我们活不下去，我们不能让它改变。）符合题意，故选D。陕西省西安中学2021届高三第六次模拟考试英语试题根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。Asyourteacherpassesoutthemathtest,yourpalmsturnsweaty.Younoticethatyourhearthasbeguntorace.Glancingdow

natthepage,yousuddenlyforgetthoseoperationsonwhichyouhaddrilledonlyafewdaysearlier.Doyouperformallad

ditionsfirstinacomplexcalculation?___16___Suddenly,youstarttodoubtalotofthingsthatyouknow.Ifthatsoundsfamiliar,

youmightsufferfrommathanxiety.OrmaybenotEvenresearcherswhostudythisconditionnotethatitcanbesurprisinglyh

ardtodefine(下定义)mathanxiety.___17___Afterall,it'snotanofficiallyrecognizedmentaldisorderinthewaythatdepressionis._

__18___Itasksthingslike“howanxiouswouldyoufeelaboutbeinggivenasetofdivisionproblemstosolveonpaper”.Thosewhoscorehighonthesesu

rveysaboutstressovermakingcalculationsrelatedtonumberswillbelabeledmathanxious.Ingeneral,peoplewhopanicovertheirmathskillstendtodowor

seinmathclassesthanpeoplewhodon'tmindnumbers.___19___“Justbecauseyou'remathanxious,thatdoesn'talwaysmea

nyou'rebadatmath,”notesRoseVukovic,aneducationalpsychologistattheUniversityofMinnesotainMinneapolis.Mathanxietyaffectspeopleofallages.

Itcanleadtopoorperformanceinmathclasses.___20___Throughoutlife,thistypeofstresscanstandinthewayofmasteringskillsorprojectsinahostofar

easthatrelyoncalculations.Butthegoodnewsisthattheproblemismanageable.Researchersarefindingwayspeoplecancopewiththisstress.A.Butthat

'snotalwaystrue.B.Ithasanunimaginableimpact.C.Anditsimpactsdon'tendatgraduation.D.Oh,youknowit—wellyou'

reprettysure,right?E.Todiagnosemathanxiety,researchersconductaquestionnaire.F.It'salsohardtoidentifypreciselyhowma

nypeoplesufferfromit.G.Mathanxietyhasalsobeenlinkedtonegativeemotionsfromthepast.【答案】16.D17.F18.E19.A20.

C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“数学焦虑症”，介绍了数学焦虑症的症状，以及研究人员如何调查人们是否患有数学焦虑症的。以及数学焦虑症对人的影响。【16题详解】根据上文Asyourteacherpassesoutthemathtest,yo

urpalmsturnsweaty.Younoticethatyourhearthasbeguntorace.Glancingdownatthepage,yousuddenlyforgetthoseoperationsonwhichyo

uhaddrilledonlyafewdaysearlier.Doyouperformalladditionsfirstinacomplexcalculation?可知当老师分发数学试卷时，你的手心开始冒汗。你注意到你的心脏开始加速

。瞟一眼这一页，你就会突然忘记几天前练过的那些练习。在复杂计算中，是否先算了所有加法？结合后文Suddenly,youstarttodoubtalotofthingsthatyouknow.可知你会突然开始怀疑你所知道的许多

事情。由此可知，本句承接上文说明，上文这种发试卷时的感受，很多人都经历过，都知道这种感受。故D选项“哦，你知道的——你很肯定，对吧？”符合上下文语境，故选D。【17题详解】根据上文OrmaybenotEvenresearcher

swhostudythisconditionnotethatitcanbesurprisinglyhardtodefine(下定义)mathanxiety.可知甚至研究这种情况的研究人员也没有注意到，要给“数学焦虑”下定义是非常困难的。由此可知，本句是在说明，因为要给“数学焦虑”下定义是非常困难

的，所以很难确定有多少人患有数学焦虑症，毕竟这不像抑郁症那样被官方认可为精神障碍。故F选项“也很难确定到底有多少人患有数学焦虑症”符合上下文语境，故选F。【18题详解】根据后文Itasksthingslike“howanxiouswouldyoufeelaboutbeinggive

nasetofdivisionproblemstosolveonpaper”.Thosewhoscorehighonthesesurveysaboutstressovermakingcalculationsre

latedtonumberswillbelabeledmathanxious.可知它问的问题是“当你被要求在纸上解决一组除法问题时，你会有多焦虑”。那些在计算相关数字时压力方面得分高的人会被贴上“数学焦虑”的标签。由此可知，本段是在说明研究人员进行的一项问卷调查，以此来诊断出数学焦

虑症。故E选项“为了诊断数学焦虑症，研究人员进行了一项问卷调查”符合上下文语境，故选E。【19题详解】根据上文Ingeneral,peoplewhopanicovertheirmathskillstendtodoworseinmathclas

sesthanpeoplewhodon'tmindnumbers.可知一般来说，那些对自己的数学能力感到恐慌的人在数学课上的表现往往比那些不介意数字的人要差。结合后文“Justbecauseyou'remathanxious,thatdoesn'talwaysmeanyou'rebadatma

th,”notesRoseVukovic,aneducationalpsychologistattheUniversityofMinnesotainMinneapolis.可知明尼阿波利斯明尼苏达大学的教育心理学家RoseVukovic指出:“仅仅因为你有数学焦虑

，并不总是意味着你数学不好。”由此可知，上文说明的“那些对自己的数学能力感到恐慌的人在数学课上的表现往往比那些不介意数字的人要差”这种情况并不总是真的。故A选项“但这并不总是真的”符合上下文语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据后文Throughoutlife,thi

stypeofstresscanstandinthewayofmasteringskillsorprojectsinahostofareasthatrelyoncalculations.可知在人的一生中，这种类型的压力会阻碍掌握许多依赖计算的领域的技能或

项目。由此可知，数学焦虑症的影响并不会在毕业时就结束。故C选项“它的影响不会在毕业时结束”符合上下文语境，故选C。陕西省西安中学2021届高三第五次模拟考试英语试题根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项

为多余选项。Ifyouthinkgrandparentslikerecallingthegoodolddays,you’reinforasurprise.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,mostthinknostalgiajustisn’twhatitusedtobe.____

16____TheInternet,cheapforeigntravel,cars,healthcareandtelevisionareamongdevelopmentsthatmakelifebettertoday,althoughtheydosayPPItelemarketing

calls,junkmailsandbadmannersmakethemcross.RichardDrew,fromtheestateagentRetirementmove—whichcarriedoutthesurvey,said,Grandparentsdon’tseemtowantto

turnbacktime.____17____Theyalsoshowtheopinionolderpeoplethinkeverythingusedtobebetterisn’ttrue.Retir

ementmayhavecomewithalittleanxietyinthepast.Nowadays,however,it’srightfullysomethingtolookforwardto.____18____Thestudyfoundnearlyeightinten

GrandparentssaytheInternethasimprovedlifethankstoonlineshopping,offeringnewwaysofcommunicatingandonlinebanking.It’snotjustshoppingonlinethat’sha

dapositiveimpact—shopsarebetternowtoo.____19____Athirdofthosepolledsayfilmsareofahigherstandardnow.Slightlylessthanathirdthinktheyareworsenow.Mor

ethan50percentsaidTVhasimprovedandjustunderhalfprefertoday’sradio.Althoughalmosthalfsaidlifeisbetternowcomparedtowhentheywereintheirtwenties,

thisdidn’tstopGrandparentscomplainingaboutmanners,trafficanddrivingetiquette.____20____Athirdonthelistgavetheword“optimistic”.A.Opinionsonfil

msdifferedgreat.B.Manyofthemarefondofwatchingfilm.C.Theresultssuggestthere’sneverbeenagreatertimetoberetire.D.Themainreas

onisthattechnologymakestheirlifemorecomfortable.E.Almostsixintensaidtheirqualityoflifewasbetterthantheirparents.F.Itis

mainlybecauseoftheadvancesintechnology,healthcareandmore.G.Whenaskedtousewordstodescribetoday’slife,theychose“stressful”and“

selfish”.【答案】16.E17.C18.F19.A20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了老年人对于现代生活的态度。大部分受访的老年人认为，高科技改变了生活质量，给生活来了便利和乐趣，他们普遍认为现在的生活比他们父辈那时的生活要好。【16题详解】根据上文“Ac

cordingtoarecentsurvey,mostthinknostalgiajustisn’twhatitusedtobe.(根据最近的一项调查，大多数人认为怀旧已经不是以前那样了)”以及后文“TheInternet,cheapforeigntravel

,cars,healthcareandtelevisionareamongdevelopmentsthatmakelifebettertoday,althoughtheydosayPPItelemarketingcalls,junkmailsandbadmannersmakethemcr

oss.(互联网、廉价的国外旅行、汽车、医疗保健和电视等发展让今天的生活变得更好，尽管他们确实说PPI的电话推销、垃圾邮件和不礼貌的行为让他们很生气)”可知，上文提到了一项调查表显示大多数人认为怀旧与过

去不同了，后文则提到了一些改善了如今生活质量的事物，可推测本句为承接上文继续说明调查表中其他人对如今生活质量的看法。故E选项“近十分之六的人说他们的生活质量比他们的父母好”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“RichardD

rew,fromtheestateagentRetirementmove—whichcarriedoutthesurvey,said,Grandparentsdon’tseemtowanttoturnbacktime.

(房地产经纪公司“退休行动”的RichardDrew开展了这项调查。他说，祖父母们似乎不想让时光倒流)”以及后文“Theyalsoshowtheopinionolderpeoplethinkeverythingusedtobebetterisn’ttrue.Retir

ementmayhavecomewithalittleanxietyinthepast.Nowadays,however,it’srightfullysomethingtolookforwardto.(

他们还表明，老年人认为过去一切都更好的观点是不正确的。在过去，退休可能伴随着一点焦虑。然而，如今，这是值得期待的事情)”可知，上文提到了一项“退休行动”，后文则说明了老年人如今对退休的看法，可知本句承

接上文说明这项调查的结果，C选项中retire对应上文中Retirement。故C选项“结果表明，现在是退休的最佳时机”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Retirementmayhavecomewithalittleanxietyinthepast.Nowadays,how

ever,it’srightfullysomethingtolookforwardto.(在过去，退休可能伴随着一点焦虑。然而，如今，这是值得期待的事情)”可知，上文提到了“退休生活值得期待”，可知本句该是说明原因，对空前信息进行解释。故F选

项“这主要是因为技术、医疗保健等方面的进步”符合语境，故选F。【19题详解】根据后文“Athirdofthosepolledsayfilmsareofahigherstandardnow.Slightlylessthanath

irdthinktheyareworsenow.Morethan50percentsaidTVhasimprovedandjustunderhalfprefertoday’sradio.(三分之一的受访者表示

，现在的电影水平更高了。略少于三分之一的人认为他们现在更糟糕。超过50%的人认为电视的质量有所提高，近一半的人更喜欢现在的收音机)”可知，后文主要说明的是人们对电影的看法，A选项中films对应后文中fi

lms。故A选项“对电影的看法分歧很大”符合语境，故选A。【20题详解】根据上文“Althoughalmosthalfsaidlifeisbetternowcomparedtowhentheywereinth

eirtwenties,thisdidn’tstopGrandparentscomplainingaboutmanners,trafficanddrivingetiquette.(尽管近一半的人表示，与20多岁时相比，现在的

生活更好了，但这并不能阻止祖父母们抱怨举止、交通和驾驶礼仪)”以及后文“Athirdonthelistgavetheword“optimistic”.(“乐观”一词名列第三)”可知，后文提到了“乐观”一词被用来描述生活，G选项中words对应后文中theword。故G选项“当被要求用词语来描述今天

的生活时，他们选择了‘有压力的’和‘自私的’”符合语境，故选G。