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梅雁中学2024-2025高三上学期9月月考英语试题第一部分阅读(每小题2.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKing’sCollegeSummerSchoolKi

ng’sCollegeSummerSchoolisanannualtrainingprogramforhighschoolstudentsatalllevelswhowanttoimprovetheirEnglish.C

oursesaregivenbytheteachersofKing’sCollegeandothercollegesinNewYork.Tripstomuseumsandculturecentersarealsoorganize

d.Thisyear’ssummerschoolwillbefromJuly25toAugust15.Moreinformationisasfollows:ApplicationdateStudentsinNewYorks

houldsendtheirapplicationsbeforeJuly18,2023.StudentsofothercitiesshouldsendtheirapplicationsbeforeJuly16,2023.Foreignstudent

sshouldsendtheirapplicationsbeforeJuly10,2023.CoursesEnglishLanguageSpokenEnglish:22hoursReadingandWriting:10hoursAmerica

nHistory:16hoursAmericanCulture:16hoursStepsAletterofself-introductionAletterofrecommendationThelettersshouldbewritteninEnglishwithallthenecessaryinf

ormation.CostDailylessons:$200Sportsandactivities:$100Travels:$200Hotelservice:$400Youmaychoosetolivewithyo

urfriendsorrelativesinthesamecity.Pleasewriteto:Thompson,Sanders1026King’sStreetNewYork,NY10016,USAE-mail:KC-

Summer-School@yahoo.com1.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutKing’sCollegeSummerSchool?A.Onlytopstudentscantakepartin

theprogram.B.Visitstomuseumsandculturecentersarepartoftheprogram.C.King’sCollegeSummerSchoolisruneveryotheryear.D.

OnlytheteachersofKing’sCollegegivecourses.2.IfyouaretolivewithyourrelativesinNewYork,howmuchwillyouhavetopaytheschool?A.$500

B.$400C.$200D.$9003.Whatinformationcanyougetfromthetext?A.Theprogramwilllasttwomonths.B.AsaChinesestudent,youcansendyourapplicationonJuly14,2023.

C.Youcangetintouchwiththeschoolbye-mailorbytelephone.D.YoucanwritetoThompsononlyinEnglish.BWhenIwasinnu

rsingschool,Ihadtofocusmoreonmystudiesthanotheraspectsoflife,andlearnsomuchinashortamountoftime.However,theclinicalexperienceofnu

rsingschoolallowedmetohavetheopportunitytoputwhatIlearnedinmyclassesandreadingsintoaction.Oneofmyfavoriteexperiencesduringmyclinicaltraining

waswhenIhadapatientwhowasfirststartingchemotherapy(化疗).MynursinginstructorMarietoldmethatpatientsoftenexperienceananaphylactic(过敏性的)reactio

ntothemedicinewhentheyfirststartchemotherapy,soitisimportanttogivethemedicineataslowerrate.Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwh

oreactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefr

omtheemergencykit.WhenIcheckedmypatientacoupleofminutesafterstartinghischemotherapy,Iaskedhimquestionsrela

tedtoananaphylacticreaction.Ialsonoticedhisfacewasgettingalittleredandhelookedshortofbreath.Hementionedhavi

nglowerbackpain,soIimmediatelystoppedthechemotherapy,startedtakinghisbloodpressure,andreportedittoMarie.Hisbloodpressurewaswithinhis

normallimits,sowegavehimBenadrylviahisIV.TheBenadrylhelpedthepatient,andwehadtheBenadrylrunningwhenwestartedhisch

emotherapyagain,butataslowerrate.Thistimethepatientdidnothaveananaphylacticreaction,andtoleratedhischemotherapywell.Thisexperiencetaughtmehowi

mportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicin

e.MarieandItaughtourpatientaboutthereactionshecouldhaveduetothechemotherapy;duetoourteaching,ourpatientrecognizedhissymptomsandwasabletoknowthat

whathewasexperiencingwasanexpectedreaction.Duringtheclinicaltraining,IhadmanyexperienceswhereIhadtothinkonmyfeetandconductnursingcarequi

ckly.Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.

4.Whydidtheauthorstopgivingthepatientchemotherapy?A.Hehadhighbloodpressure.B.Hehadareactiontothemedicine.C.Hefailedtotolerat

ethebackpain.D.Herefusedtoanswerherquestions.5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatplayedakeyroleinsavingthepatient?A.Givingthepatientimme

diatefirstaid.B.Makingadequatepreparationsinadvance.C.Assessingtheeffectivenessofthemedicine.D.Tellingthepatientthepossiblereactionsofthemedicine.6.

Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sclinicalexperience?A.Rewarding.B.Dangerous.C.Interesting.D.Painful.7.What

istheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexpressgratitudetoherinstructor.B.Toencourageotherstotakeupnursing.C.Toshareherclinicaltrainin

gexperience.D.Tostresstheimportanceofmedicaltreatment.CRecently,threeengineersattheUniversityofGlasgowhaved

esignedandbuiltaninnovativeAI-baseddrone（无人机）systemthatcanassistinsearcheffortsforhikerslostinthewilderness.Theyhavepublishedapaperdescribing

theireffortsonthepreprintserver.HikingintheScottishHighlandshasbecomeapopularactivityoverthepastseveraldecades.Thelands

capeoffersawidevarietyofremotelocationsthatallowhikerstogetbacktonature.Butsuchhikingcanbedisastrous—hikerscangetlostorinjured.Manyfindth

emselvesinneedofassistanceeveryyear.Becauseofthat,emergencyteamsusebothtraditionalandmoderntechniquestofindthosewhoarelostorhav

ebecomedisabledforsomereasons.Inrecentyears,searchershavebeguntousedrones—theirhigherpointallowsforcoveringmorelandmorequicklythansearchingon

foot.Ithelpsspotandlocatethingspreciselythatsearchersaren’tabletoseefromtheground.Inthisneweffort,theteamwon

deredifaddingAItodronetechnologycouldimprovethesearchforlosthikers.Tofindoutit,theycreatedanAImodelusingd

atasetsshowingthepathstakenbypeoplewhowerelostandthenfoundbysearchpartiesaroundtheworld.Theyalsoadded

relevantdata,suchasparticipants’age,theirreasonsforhiking,anddetailsaboutwhethertheywerewalkingalone,orusingsomeotherformoftra

nsportationlikehorsebackriding.Theynotedgeographicalinformationregardingboththepathtakenbythosewhowerelostandwheretheywerefound,suchasrivers,s

treams,roadsoropenground.TheythenaddeddataspecifictoScotland’sgeography.Theyranthemodelmillionsoftimes,eachrepresentingasimulatedsearch

,untilitnarroweddownthemostprobablepathsalosthikerwouldtake.Thedronewouldthenbeinstructedtosearchthosepathsfirst.Intestingth

eirsystemagainsttraditionalapproaches--suchas“thelawnmower”sweepingtechniqueusedtofindactualhikers—thenewapproachfoundlosth

ikersmoreoften.Theresearcherssaytheyneedmoredatatomaketheirsystemmoreaccurateandeventuallyresultinatoolthatcouldbeusedtosavelives.8.Wha

tdoweknowabouttheAI-baseddronesystem?A.Ithasbeenemployedinsearchesfordecades.B.Ithasreplacedtraditionalsearchmethods.C.Itis

aboosttosearchtechniques.D.ItisexcludedfromsearchesintheScottishHighlands.9.WhatmainlymakesAIdroneseffectivein

findinglosthikers?A.Preciseimageanalysis..B.Fastphototaking.C.Quicklandingability.D.Accuratepositioning10.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.H

owtheAIdroneswereinvented.B.Howrelevantdataaffectedhikers’paths.C.Howhikersgotgeographicalinformation.D.HowtheAImodelimproveddrones

earchstrategies.11.Howdotheresearchersproposetoimprovethenewsearchingapproach?A.ByequippinghikerswithAItoolsB

..Byperfectingtherelateddata.C.Byabandoningthecurrentsystem.D.Byincreasingsearchpracticefrequency.DAglobalstudycomparing2,062birdsfindsthatinhighlyva

riableenvironmentsbirdstendtohaveeitherlargerorsmallerbrainsrelativetotheirbodysize,butbirdswithsmallerbr

ainstendtouseecologicalstrategiesthatarenotavailabletobig-brainedones.Thefactisthatthereareagreatmanysp

eciesthatdoquitewellwithsmallbrains.Previousstudieshadfoundgeneraltrendstowardlargerrelativebrainsizesathigherlatitudes(纬度)whereconditionsare

morevariable.Thisnewstudyisdifferentbecauseitlooksatthefulldistributionofbrainsizesacrossenvironments,a

llowingtheresearcherstotestwhetherdifferentsizesareover-orunder-represented.Theyfoundthatathigherlatitudes,somebirdbrainsaresignificantlym

orelikelytoberelativelysmallercomparedtobodysize.“InAlaska,theptarmigan(雷鸟)mightbeatypicalexampleofthesmall-brainedspec

ies.Lovablethoughitis,it’snotexactlyknownforitssmarts.Theptarmigancan,however,feedonbranchesandwillowleaves.”saidTrevorFristoe,firstauthorofthestudy

fromWashingtonUniversity.“Wefindthatsmall-brainedspeciesintheseenvironmentsemploystrategiesthatareunachi

evablewithalargebrain.Thesespeciesareabletoliveonreadilyavailablebutdifficulttodigestresourcessuchasneedles

ofconifers(针叶树)orevenbranches.Thesefoodscanbefoundevenduringextremewinterconditions,buttheyarefibrousandrequirealargegu

t(肠道)todigest,"Fristoesaid.“Guttissue,likebraintissue,isenergeticallydemanding,andlimitedbudgetsmeanthatitischallengingtomaintainalotofboth.”"Brainsa

renotevolvingseparately-theyarepartofabroadersuiteofadaptationsthathelpcreaturessucceedintheirlives,”saidCarlosBotero,assistantprofes

sorofbiologyandco-authorofthestudy.“Biologists,ourselvesincluded,havehistoricallybelievedthatenvironmenta

lvariabilitydrivestheexpansionofbrainsize.Butwhenwetakeabroaderview,werealizethatotherstrategiesalsoworkandremarka

bly,thealternativehereinvolvesmakingabrainactuallysmaller!”12.HowdoesFristoe'sresearchdifferfromprevio

usstudies?A.Itrevealsbirds’evolvingprocesses.B.Itarrivesataconflictingconclusion.C.Itfocusesonbirdswithsmallerb

rains.D.Itcoversawiderrangeofbrainsizes.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheptarmigan?A.Ithasachangeablefeedinghabit.B.Itisconsider

edfairlyintelligent.C.Ithasaextremelylargebodysize.D.Ithasapowerfuldigestingsystem.14.WhatdoesBoterothin

kofsmallerbrains?A.Theyarearesultoflimitedbudgets.B.Theyareaneffectivesurvivalstrategy.C.Theyarenotforvariableenviron

mentsD.Theyaretypicalofindependentevolution.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BigBrainsorBigGuts:ChooseOneB.Evolut

ionofBrainSizeinBirdsC.BigBrains:AdapttoHigherLatitudesD.TheSmallertheBrain,theSmartertheBird第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入

空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选Readingisnotjustanimportantprofessionalskill.16Likeanyskillworthmastering,areadinghabitrequirestimeanddedication

todevelop.Itis,however,alifelongsourceofenjoymentandentertainmentandanaffordablehobbyforanyonewhowantstopickupabook.Improveyourreadingskill

s.Inordertobuildyourreadinghabitandenjoyyourreadingtothefullest,beginpracticinggoodreadingskills.Forexample:readforconte

nt,lookupunfamiliarwords,learntoappreciatecontextandbecomefamiliarwithliterarydevices.Readingforlearninga

ndenjoymentisneveraquickrun.17Findwaystoconnectreadingtoyoureverydaylife.18Youcanjoinbookclubs.Theseusuallymeetweeklyorbi-monthlyandareago

odwayofmotivatingyoutoreadandalsomeetingpeoplewhoarealsocommittedtogoodreadinghabits.Bookclubsalsogiveyouchancestotalkaboutwhatyourea

dandthebenefitoftalkingtomultipleintelligentandinterestedreaders.19Abasketballplayercan’tpracticeifshedoesn

’thaveherballandsneakersready.Readingisthesameasanyotherskill.Trytogetsubscriptions.Tradeorspecialintere

stmagazinesareagoodwayofkeepingcurrentreadingmaterialnearby.20BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon,havee-Readersanda

substantialselectionofdigitalbooksforsaleorloan.Librariesoftenofferfreee-bookloans,too.A．Setdailyorweeklygoals.B．K

eepreadingmaterialshandy.C．Also,youcanconsidertobeane-Reader.D．Instead,takeyourtime,nurtureyourskillsatyourownpace.E．Setasideregulartimetoenjoyyo

urspotandalwaysbringalongyourcurrentreading.F．Itiseasiertogrowyourreadingskillsifyoumakereadingapartofyourdailysch

edule.G．Itisalsoawaytoenjoyinformativeandinspiringworksthatenrichourlifeexperiences.第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的

A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mypassionhasalwaysbeencaringforanimals.That’swhyI____21____atBidcawee.Bideaweeisashelter(收容所)forcatsanddogs,w

herealltheanimalsareequally____22____.Whetherthecatorthedogstaysforadayoryears,eachonehasaspecialplaceinmyheart.Mostofth

eshelterdogsaresogentleandfriendlythattheycausemetowonderwhynoonehastakenthem____23____yet.Theothersneedabitof____24____andloveto

warmup,butoncethey____25____you,youfallinlovewiththem.OneofmyfavoritesisadogcalledLola.Shealwaysbarkatstrangers.However,oncesheseesyouoften

andgets____26____aroundyou,shegreetsyouwithhertailwagging(摇摆),sidetoside.Acommoncharacteristicwithallofthedog

s,though,isthattheycanadapttochangesand____27____thelifeattheshelter.Andthat’swhatIfindsoamazingaboutthem.Timmyisa7-year-olddogthatwas____28

____afteraroundsixyearswithhisowner.Nevertheless,hedoesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepastand____29____bispersontocomeback.Instead,hefocusesont

he_____30_____andisfriendlywitheveryone.Atwo-year-olddogcalledNooblostleginacaraccident.However,heplayswit

hotherfour-leggeddogs_____31_____,asiftheinjurydidn’tbotherhim.Bidcaweeconstantly_____32_____theirvolunteers,buttome,theyhavedonemoreformeth

anIcouldevergivetothem.ItrulyenjoyeverymomentI_____33_____atthisanimalshelter,whichgivesmea_____34_____tobewithallthese

lovelydogsandcats.Itisdefinitelyoneofmymostrewarding_____35_____.21.A.learnB.volunteerC.liveD.observe22.A.loved

B.testedC.shownD.introduced23.A.thereB.outC.homeD.forward24.A.assistanceB.timeC.effortD.support25.A.approachB.contactC.discov

erD.recognize26.A.curiousB.comfortableC.activeD.confident27.A.getusedtoB.getreadyforC.arefamiliarwithD.aretiredof28.A.injuredB.raisedC.abandonedD.

adopted29.A.directingB.remindingC.requiringD.expecting30.A.presentB.futureC.changesD.memories31.A.quietlyB.separatelyC.differentlyD.norma

lly32A.helpsB.meetsC.invitesD.thanks33.A.spareB.chooseC.spendD.remember34.A.dreamB.chanceC.jobD.duty35.A.experiencesB.achievementsC.str

ategiesD.improvements第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。AfatherandsoninChinawhotookth

enationaluniversity___36__________(enter)examstogetherandwereacceptedbytheirinstitutionsofchoicehavewowedmanypeopleonline.LiuAohan,18,madehi

sfamilyproudwhenhewasacceptedintotheFutureAerospaceLeadershipProgrammeatBeihangUniversityinBeijing,oneofthewor

ld’sbestuniversitiesforaerospace___37_______(engineer).Hescored625outof750points,and___38__________(rank)64inthescience

trackofgaokaoinnorthwesternChina’sQinghaiprovince.HisfatherLiuJianbo,47,alsotookthegaokaoin___39______sameyear.Hescored454outof750intheartstrack,a

ndwasacceptedtotakeabusinessmanagementmajoratGuangxiNormalUniversity.LiuseniorbeganstudyingwithhissonwhenhewasinYear2ofsecondaryschool.Liuju

niorhadbecomedistractedbygamesandhisgradessuffered___40______aresult,sohisfathergavehimabeating,butsoonregrettedhisactions..Hedecidedtobe

comehisson’sstudycompaniontosetagoodexample.His___41_____(decide)coincidedwiththeCovid-19pandemicwhenschoolingwasdoneonline,sothepairwer

eable____42____(study)togetherathomewhenLiuseniorwasnotatwork.____43___beganasawaytoencouragehisson,sooninspiredLiuseniortostudyfor___44__

___________(him).Hesaidhewas___45__________(much)proudofhisson’sachievementsthanhisown.五.应用文写作（15分）假定你是李华，在外刊阅读中遇到了困难，尝试一些方法后仍未达到预期效果。请你给外教Mark写

一封邮件寻求帮助，内容包括：1.尝试方法；2.请求指导。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。DearMark,_____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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_______________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihavealwaysbeenpassionateaboutfo

otball,butmyenthusiasmwasoftenovershadowedbyotherswhoalwayslaughedatmyshortstatureandfatfigure,theywouldlaughsecretl

y,copyinghowIwalkedwithbigstepsandmakingfunofmyloveforthegame.Theirlaughterwasalwaysthereinthelocker

roomsandonthesidelines,remindingmethatnoteveryonesharedmypassion.Oneday,whileattendingamatchwithateamnamedBoreha

mWood,Ihadanunexpectedencounterwithafamousfootballplayer,ChrisBush!Hewasratherordinary-looking,evenalittleshortandchubby,buthe'st

hecenterofattentiononthecourt.Everyonewasattractedbyhissuperbskills.Watchinghimplay,Ifeltasurgeofhopeand

inspiration.Hisskillanddeterminationseemedtodefythedoubtsthathadbeencastuponme.Gatheringupmycourage,Iapproachedhimwithamixofnervousnessandexcitemen

twhenthegamewasended.Iintroducedmyselfandexpressedmyadmirationforhisgame.Tomysurprise,hestoppedandengagedinaconversatio

nwithme.Isharedmystruggles,howtheconstantmockery(嘲笑)mademefeellikeanoutsiderinaworldthatcelebratedheightandleanmuscle.Chrislistenedcarefully,his

eyesreflectingadepthofunderstandingthatonlysomeonewhohasfacedtheirownbattlescouldpossess.Hesharedhisownsto

ry,hehadoncebeeninmyshoes,ridiculedforhissizeandtoldhewouldnevermakeitinfootball.Christoldmehowheusedhissizetoh

isadvantage,howhebecamequicker,smarter,andmoredeterminedthananyoneelseonthefield.Hetoldmethatfootballwasagameofheartanddetermination,not

justphysicalcharacteristic.Hiswordswerelikeabeaconofhope,andIfeltarenewedsenseofdetermination.注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Ins

piredbyhiswords,Iregainedmyconfidence.________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________Inacompetitionhalfayearlater,ChriswatchedthegameIparticipatedin._______

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________梅雁中学2024-2025高三上学期9月月考英语试题答案第一

节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)1.B2.A3.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了King’sCollegeSummerSchool这一项目的相关信息，包括目标群体、申请日期、课程、申请步骤、花费等。1.细节理解题。根据第一段“Tripstomuseumsandcu

lturecentersarealsoorganized.(还组织了参观博物馆和文化中心的活动)”可知，参观博物馆和文化中心是该项目的一部分。故答案为B。2.细节理解题。根据Cost部分中“Youmaychoosetolivewithyour

friendsorrelativesinthesamecity(你可以选择和你的朋友或亲戚住在同一个城市)”可知，如果和亲戚或朋友居住在纽约，可以省去酒店的费用；结合其它费用“Dailylessons:$200(每日课程：200美元)”、“Sportsandactivities:$100

(体育和活动：100美元)”和“Travels:$200(旅行：200美元)”可知，如果和亲戚住在纽约，共计要花费500美元。故答案为A。3.细节理解题。根据Steps部分中“ThelettersshouldbewritteninEnglishwithallthenecessa

ryinformation.(这些信应该用英语写，包括所有必要的信息)”和最后一栏的“Pleasewriteto:Thompson,Sanders(请写给：Thompson,Sanders)”可知只能用英语给汤普森写信。故答案为D。【B篇

】4.B5.D6.A17.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothemedic

ine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，

我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以作者停止化疗。故选B。5题】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimpo

rtantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.(这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引

起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconduct

ingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoasse

ssyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强

调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士

，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。【C篇】：UniversityofGlasgow的工程师们利用人工智能协助无人机精确定位找到迷失的远足者。8—11CDDB8.C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，AI无人机系统提高了搜索效率，是对现有搜索

技术的补充和提升。9.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，无人机系统的有效性主要来自它精确的定位能力。文中的spot和locate是提示词。10.A【解析】主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要讲AI模型如何通过使用数据集和模拟搜索

来提高无人机的搜索策略。11.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，研究人员提议通过完善相关数据来改进新的搜索方法，使系统更精确，最终成为一个可以用来拯救生命的工具。【D篇】答案12.D13.D14.B15.A体裁:说明文主题:人与自然一自然生态

一鸟类脑容量与生态关系。本文介绍了一项关于鸟类大脑大小与其生态策略之间关系的科学研究，一些鸟类大脑较小是为了在有限的能量预算下维持大脑和消化系统的能量所需。12.D。细节理解题。根据第三段前两句可知，以往的研究发现在纬度较高、环境多变的地方，鸟类相对脑容量普遍较大。新研究的不同之处

在于，它研究了鸟类大脑大小在不同环境中的整体分布情况，从而测试了不同大小的大脑在不同环境中的比例是过高还是过低，研究的对象更广泛。differfrom是different的同义替换;awiderrangeof是thefulldistributio

nof的同义替换。13.D。推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，雷鸟是鸟类中小脑类的代表，一般以针叶甚至树枝为食，这些食物容易获得却难以被消化，这需要强大的肠道才能实现。而肠道组织和脑组织都需要消耗能量，同时维持二者的大量消耗是较难实现的，因此小脑类鸟

类只能二者选其一，由此推断，雷鸟拥有强大的消化系统。14.B。推理判断题。由题干中的Botero定位到文章最后一段，根据最后两句可知，生物学家历来都认为，环境的多变性推动了大脑体积的扩大。但当我们把视

野放得更开阔时，我们会发现其他策略也同样有效让大脑变小。由此推断，Botero认为，大脑变小也是有效的生存策略。aneffectivestrategy是otherstrategieswork的同义替换。15.A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了大脑大小与环境变化之间的关系。主要以小脑类的

雷鸟为例，具体说明它们因生存需要选择发展消化系统而非大脑。因此，A项最适合作为文章的标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）16．G17．D18．F19．B20．C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介

绍了如何培养阅读习惯以及将阅读融入生活中的方法。16．根据前文“Readingisnotjustanimportantprofessionalskill.(阅读不仅仅是一项重要的专业技能)”可知，此处强调阅读的好处，阅读不仅仅是一项重要的专业技能，设空处应该继续承接阅读的益处。G选项“Iti

salsoawaytoenjoyinformativeandinspiringworksthatenrichourlifeexperiences.(阅读也是享受增长见闻和启发性的作品，丰富我们生活经验的一种方式。)”承接前文，指出阅读也是享受增长见闻和启发性的作品，丰富我们

生活经验的一种方式。故选G。17．根据前文“Readingforlearningandenjoymentisneveraquickrun.(阅读学习和享受永远不是一个快速的过程)”可知，此处强调阅读并不是一个快速的过程，后文应该指出这是一个需要时间长期培养的过程。D选项“Instead,ta

keyourtime,nurtureyourskillsatyourownpace.(相反，花点时间，按照自己的节奏培养你的技能。)”承接前文，与前文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选D。18．根据后文“Youcanjoinbookclubs.Theseusuallymeetweeklyor

bi-monthlyandareagoodwayofmotivatingyoutoreadandalsomeetingpeoplewhoarealsocommittedtogoodreadinghabits.(你

可以加入读书俱乐部。他们通常每周或每两个月见一次面，这是一个很好的激励你阅读的方式，也可以结识那些同样致力于良好阅读习惯的人)”可知，通过具体举例说明可以将读书纳入到自己的生活中，使其成为生活或日常计划的一部分。F选项“Itiseasiertogrowyourreadingskill

sifyoumakereadingapartofyourdailyschedule.(如果你把阅读作为你日常计划的一部分，你的阅读技能会更容易提高。)”引起下文，形成呼应，即强调将阅读作为自己日常计划的一部分，符合语境。故选F。19．设空处为本段的段旨。

根据后文“Abasketballplayercan’tpracticeifshedoesn’thaveherballandsneakersready.Readingisthesameasanyotherskill.Trytogetsubscriptions.Tr

adeorspecialinterestmagazinesareagoodwayofkeepingcurrentreadingmaterialnearby.(如果篮球运动员没有准备好球和球鞋，她就不能练习。阅读和其他

技能一样。尝试订阅。行业杂志或特殊兴趣杂志是将当前阅读材料放在身边的好方法)”可知，本段讲述的是应该时刻将阅读材料准备好，这样才有助于开展阅读。B选项“Keepreadingmaterialshandy.(把阅读材

料放在手边。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。20．根据后文的“BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon,havee-Readersandasubstantialselectionofd

igitalbooksforsaleorloan.Librariesoftenofferfreee-bookloans,too.(Barnes和Noble以及亚马逊都有电子阅读器和大量可供出售或借阅的电子书。图书馆也经常提供免费的电子书借阅服务)”可知，此处强调的是在阅读过程中可

以使用电子阅读材料或者使用电子借阅服务。C选项“Also,youcanconsidertobeane-Reader.(此外，你可以考虑成为一个电子阅读者。)”引起下文，指出可以考虑成为一个电子阅读者，e-Reader与下文的

BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon形成呼应，符合语境。故选C。【第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.A31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。

短文叙述了作者在Bideawee做志愿者的经历并且描述了那里的猫和狗。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在Bidcawee做志愿者。A.learn学习；B.volunteer志愿；C.live生活；D.observe观察。根据上文“Mypassionhasalwa

ysbeencaringforanimals.”以及下文“theirvolunteers”可知，作者在Bidcawee做志愿者。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidewee是一个猫和狗的庇护所，在那里所有的动物都受到同样的爱。A

.loved爱；B.tested测试；C.shown展示；D.introduced介绍。根据上文“Bideaweeisashelter(收容所)forcatsanddogs”以及下文“eachonehasaspecialplaceinmyheart.”可知，所有的动物都受到同样的爱。故选

A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数收容所的狗都是那么温柔和友好，它们让我想知道为什么还没有人把它们带回家。A.there在那里；B.out向外；C.home回家；D.forward向前。根据上

文“Mostoftheshelterdogsaresogentleandfriendly”可知，去动物收容所可以领养动物，带回家。故选C项【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你

，你就会爱上他们。A.assistance帮助；B.time时间；C.effort努力；D.support支持。根据下文“lovetowarmup”可知，其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一

旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他们。A.approach接近；B.contact联系；C.discover发现；D.recognize认出,认可。根据下文“youfallinlovewiththem.”可知，一旦动物认可人类，人们就会爱上动物。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨

析。句意：然而，一旦它经常看到你，并且在你身边感到舒适，它就会摇尾巴，左右摇摆，向你打招呼。A.curious好奇的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.active积极的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“shegreetsyouwithherta

ilwagging(摇摆),sidetoside.”可知，它在你身边感到舒服，就会向你表示友好。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，所有的狗都有一个共同的特点，那就是它们能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。A.getusedto习惯

于；B.getreadyfor准备；C.arefamiliarwith熟悉；D.aretiredof厌倦。根据上文“adapttochanges”可知，狗能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：蒂米是一只7岁的狗，和主人在一起大约6年后被遗弃。

A.injured受伤；B.raised提高；C.abandoned放弃；D.adopted收养。根据下文“Nevertheless,hedoesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepastand____9____bispersontoco

meback.”可知，狗被抛弃。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不只是呆在那里，想着过去，期待他的人回来。A.directing指导；B.reminding提醒；C.requiring要求；D.expecting期望。根据上文“Nevertheless,

hedoesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepast”可知，狗期待他的人回来。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于当下，对每个人都很友好。A.present目前；现在；B.

future将来；C.changes改变；D.memories记忆。根据下文“isfriendlywitheveryone.”可知，狗狗专注于当下。故选A项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他和其他

四条腿的狗正常玩耍，好像受伤没有打扰他一样。A.quietly安静地；B.separately单独地C.differently不同地；D.normally正常地。根据下文“asiftheinjurydidn’tbotherhim.”可知，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动

词词义辨析。句意：Bidcawee一直感谢他们的志愿者，但对我来说，他们为我做的比我能给他们的要多。A.helps帮助；B.meets遇见；C.invites邀请；D.thanks感谢。志愿者们主动做了照顾动物的事，所以对志愿者是感激的。故选

D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。A.spare匀出；B.choose选择；C.spend花费，度过；D.remember记得。根

据上文“everymoment”可知，指度过的时刻。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。A.dream梦想；B.chance机会；C.job工作；D.d

uty职责。根据上文“ItrulyenjoyeverymomentI____13____atthisanimalshelter”可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起

。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是我最有价值的经历之一。A.experiences经历；B.achievements成就；C.strategies策略；D.improvements提高。在Bidcawee做志愿者是一种经历。故

选A项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.entrance37.engineering38.ranked39.the40.as41.decision42.tostudy43.What44.himself45.more36.entrance考查名词。名词作定语表示被修饰或

限制名词的内容，此时作定语的名词如果是可数名词则用单数形式。entranceexamination入学考试。37.engineering考查非谓语动词之动名词。engineern.工程师，设计师；（航班）机械师，（轮船）轮机长；技师，机修工；工兵；机车司机，火车司机；责任人

v.设计，建造；策划，精心安排；改变……的基因(或遗传)结构。根据句意指的是名词“工程，工程学”，用动名词engineering。aerospaceengineering航空航天工程：工程学的一个主要分支，涉及飞机和航天器的

研究、设计、开发、建造、测试、科学和技术。38.ranked考查谓语动词之时态。根据前面的一般过去时谓语动词scored和并列连词and确定是并列的一般过去时形式的谓语动词。故填ranked。句意是：在总分750分的高考中，他得了625分，在中国西北部青海省的理科高考中排名第64位

。39.the考查冠词。根据形容词same确定用定冠词the。有些形容词作定语不单独使用，通常与定冠词the连用,如：thesame,theonly,thevery,themain,thefollowing等。40.as考查介词

。根据句意看出是表示“结果”，介词短语asaresult符合句意。小刘因为玩游戏而分心，结果成绩受到影响。41.decision考查名词。根据his和后面的谓语动词coincidedwith看出是作主语，所以用名词形式。故填decision。句意是：他的决

定恰逢新冠肺炎大流行，当时学校都是在线学习的，所以老刘不上班的时候，两人可以一起在家学习。42.tostudy考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。根据beable看出是beabletodosth.结构。故填tostudy。43.What考查连词。分析句子的结构后看出inspired

是谓语动词，前面是主语，再根据谓语动词began看出是主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，结合句意用连接代词what，此处的what是其模糊用法，根据具体语境确定词义。44.himself【简析】考查代词。根据句意看出是为自己，所以用反身代词。故填himself。句意是：一开始是为了鼓励儿子，但很快就

激励了老刘自学。45.more【简析】考查比较级。根据后面的than的提示看出用比较级。故填more。句意是：他说他对儿子的成就比对自己的成就更感到骄傲。五.应用文写作（15分）DearMark,Iamwritingtoaskforyourgui

danceonimprovingmyEnglishreadingcomprehension.Recently,Ihavebeentryingtounderstandarticlesinforeignmagazines.I'

vetriedmanytimestolookupunfamiliarwordsandrereaddifficultpassages.However,Istillcan'tgraspthemainideasandarguments.Canyouprovidemewithsometips

orstrategiestounderstandcomplextextmoreeffectively?Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanysuggestionsthatyouthinkcanhelpmeovercomethischalle

nge.Thankyouinadvanceforyourtimeandconsideration.Yourssincerely，LiHua第二节(满分25分)Inspiredbyhiswords,Iregainedmyconfidence.Istart

edtrainingharderthanever,focusingonmystrengthsandimprovingmyskills.MonthsofhardworkfinallypaidoffwhenIwasselectedtocompeteinthelocalcompetition.On

thepitch,IplayedwithsuchenergyandenthusiasmthatIsurprisedmyself.Inacompetitionhalfayearlater,ChriswatchedthegameIparticipatedin.AsIprepare

dtotakemypicture,Ifelthisencouraginglook.Iscoredthewinninggoal.Thecrowderuptedincheers,andasIliftedthetrophy,IrealizedthatChris'faithinmewast

hecatalystformysuccess.Fromthatdayon,Iwasnolongerjustafan;Iamaplayerwhoprovesthatwithperseveranceandheart,anyonecanachi

evetheirdreams,nomattertheirsize.