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梅雁中学2024-2025高三上学期9月月考英语试题第一部分阅读(每小题2.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AKing’sCollegeSummerSchoolKing’sCollegeSummerSchool

isanannualtrainingprogramforhighschoolstudentsatalllevelswhowanttoimprovetheirEnglish.Coursesaregivenbytheteache

rsofKing’sCollegeandothercollegesinNewYork.Tripstomuseumsandculturecentersarealsoorganized.Thisyear’ssummerscho

olwillbefromJuly25toAugust15.Moreinformationisasfollows:ApplicationdateStudentsinNewYorkshouldsendtheira

pplicationsbeforeJuly18,2023.StudentsofothercitiesshouldsendtheirapplicationsbeforeJuly16,2023.Foreignstudentsshouldsendtheirapplicationsbe

foreJuly10,2023.CoursesEnglishLanguageSpokenEnglish:22hoursReadingandWriting:10hoursAmericanHistory:16

hoursAmericanCulture:16hoursStepsAletterofself-introductionAletterofrecommendationThelettersshouldbewritteninEn

glishwithallthenecessaryinformation.CostDailylessons:$200Sportsandactivities:$100Travels:$200Hotelservice:$400Youmaychoos

etolivewithyourfriendsorrelativesinthesamecity.Pleasewriteto:Thompson,Sanders1026King’sStreetNewYork,NY

10016,USAE-mail:KC-Summer-School@yahoo.com1.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutKing’sCollegeSummerSchool?A.Onlytopstudentscanta

kepartintheprogram.B.Visitstomuseumsandculturecentersarepartoftheprogram.C.King’sCollegeSummerSchoolisruneveryotheryear.D.OnlytheteachersofKing’s

Collegegivecourses.2.IfyouaretolivewithyourrelativesinNewYork,howmuchwillyouhavetopaytheschool?A.$500B.$400C.$200D.$9003.Whatinformationcanyouget

fromthetext?A.Theprogramwilllasttwomonths.B.AsaChinesestudent,youcansendyourapplicationonJuly14,2023.C.Youcangetintouchwi

ththeschoolbye-mailorbytelephone.D.YoucanwritetoThompsononlyinEnglish.BWhenIwasinnursingschool,Ihadtofocusmoreonmystudiesthanotheraspec

tsoflife,andlearnsomuchinashortamountoftime.However,theclinicalexperienceofnursingschoolallowedmetohavetheop

portunitytoputwhatIlearnedinmyclassesandreadingsintoaction.Oneofmyfavoriteexperiencesduringmyclinicaltrainingwas

whenIhadapatientwhowasfirststartingchemotherapy(化疗).MynursinginstructorMarietoldmethatpatientsoftenexperienceananaphylacti

c(过敏性的)reactiontothemedicinewhentheyfirststartchemotherapy,soitisimportanttogivethemedicineataslowerrate

.Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientwhoreactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodp

ressure,andthengivetheappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.WhenIcheckedmypatientacoupleofminutesafterstartinghischemothe

rapy,Iaskedhimquestionsrelatedtoananaphylacticreaction.Ialsonoticedhisfacewasgettingalittleredandhelookedshortofb

reath.Hementionedhavinglowerbackpain,soIimmediatelystoppedthechemotherapy,startedtakinghisbloodpressure,andreportedi

ttoMarie.Hisbloodpressurewaswithinhisnormallimits,sowegavehimBenadrylviahisIV.TheBenadrylhelpedthepatient,andwehadtheBenadrylrunningwh

enwestartedhischemotherapyagain,butataslowerrate.Thistimethepatientdidnothaveananaphylacticreaction,

andtoleratedhischemotherapywell.Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereaction

thepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.MarieandItaughtourpatientaboutthereactionshecouldhaveduetothechemother

apy;duetoourteaching,ourpatientrecognizedhissymptomsandwasabletoknowthatwhathewasexperiencingwasanexpectedreac

tion.Duringtheclinicaltraining,IhadmanyexperienceswhereIhadtothinkonmyfeetandconductnursingcarequickly.Theseex

periencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.4.Whydidtheauthorstopgivingth

epatientchemotherapy?A.Hehadhighbloodpressure.B.Hehadareactiontothemedicine.C.Hefailedtotoleratethebackpain.D.Her

efusedtoanswerherquestions.5.Accordingtotheauthor,whatplayedakeyroleinsavingthepatient?A.Givingthepatientimmediatefirstaid.B.Making

adequatepreparationsinadvance.C.Assessingtheeffectivenessofthemedicine.D.Tellingthepatientthepossiblereactionsoft

hemedicine.6.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheauthor’sclinicalexperience?A.Rewarding.B.Dangerous.C.Interestin

g.D.Painful.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexpressgratitudetoherinstructor.B.Toencourageotherstotakeupnursing.C.Toshareherclini

caltrainingexperience.D.Tostresstheimportanceofmedicaltreatment.CRecently,threeengineersattheUniversityofGlasgowhavedesignedandbuiltaninno

vativeAI-baseddrone（无人机）systemthatcanassistinsearcheffortsforhikerslostinthewilderness.Theyhavepublishedapaperdescr

ibingtheireffortsonthepreprintserver.HikingintheScottishHighlandshasbecomeapopularactivityoverthepastseveraldecades.Thelandscapeoffersawi

devarietyofremotelocationsthatallowhikerstogetbacktonature.Butsuchhikingcanbedisastrous—hikerscangetlostorinjured.Manyfindthems

elvesinneedofassistanceeveryyear.Becauseofthat,emergencyteamsusebothtraditionalandmoderntechniquestofindthosewhoarelost

orhavebecomedisabledforsomereasons.Inrecentyears,searchershavebeguntousedrones—theirhigherpointallowsforcoveringmorelandmorequi

cklythansearchingonfoot.Ithelpsspotandlocatethingspreciselythatsearchersaren’tabletoseefromtheground.Inthisneweffort,th

eteamwonderedifaddingAItodronetechnologycouldimprovethesearchforlosthikers.Tofindoutit,theycreatedanAImodelusingdatasetsshow

ingthepathstakenbypeoplewhowerelostandthenfoundbysearchpartiesaroundtheworld.Theyalsoaddedrelevantdata,suchasparticipants’age,theirreasonsforhi

king,anddetailsaboutwhethertheywerewalkingalone,orusingsomeotherformoftransportationlikehorsebackriding.Theynoted

geographicalinformationregardingboththepathtakenbythosewhowerelostandwheretheywerefound,suchasrivers,

streams,roadsoropenground.TheythenaddeddataspecifictoScotland’sgeography.Theyranthemodelmillionsoftimes,eachrepresentingasimulat

edsearch,untilitnarroweddownthemostprobablepathsalosthikerwouldtake.Thedronewouldthenbeinstructedtosearchthosepat

hsfirst.Intestingtheirsystemagainsttraditionalapproaches--suchas“thelawnmower”sweepingtechniqueusedtofindactualhi

kers—thenewapproachfoundlosthikersmoreoften.Theresearcherssaytheyneedmoredatatomaketheirsystemmoreaccurateandeve

ntuallyresultinatoolthatcouldbeusedtosavelives.8.WhatdoweknowabouttheAI-baseddronesystem?A.Ithasbeenemployedinsearchesfordecades.B.Ithasreplacedtra

ditionalsearchmethods.C.Itisaboosttosearchtechniques.D.ItisexcludedfromsearchesintheScottishHighlands.9.WhatmainlymakesAIdr

oneseffectiveinfindinglosthikers?A.Preciseimageanalysis..B.Fastphototaking.C.Quicklandingability.D.Accuratepositioning10.Whatdoesparagraph4ma

inlytalkabout?A.HowtheAIdroneswereinvented.B.Howrelevantdataaffectedhikers’paths.C.Howhikersgotgeographicalinformation.D.HowtheAImodel

improveddronesearchstrategies.11.Howdotheresearchersproposetoimprovethenewsearchingapproach?A.ByequippinghikerswithAItoolsB..Byperfec

tingtherelateddata.C.Byabandoningthecurrentsystem.D.Byincreasingsearchpracticefrequency.DAglobalstudyc

omparing2,062birdsfindsthatinhighlyvariableenvironmentsbirdstendtohaveeitherlargerorsmallerbrainsrelativetotheirbo

dysize,butbirdswithsmallerbrainstendtouseecologicalstrategiesthatarenotavailabletobig-brainedones.Th

efactisthatthereareagreatmanyspeciesthatdoquitewellwithsmallbrains.Previousstudieshadfoundgeneraltrendstowardlarger

relativebrainsizesathigherlatitudes(纬度)whereconditionsaremorevariable.Thisnewstudyisdifferentbecauseitlooksatth

efulldistributionofbrainsizesacrossenvironments,allowingtheresearcherstotestwhetherdifferentsizesareover-orunder-represented.Theyfoundthatathig

herlatitudes,somebirdbrainsaresignificantlymorelikelytoberelativelysmallercomparedtobodysize.“InAlaska,theptarmigan(雷鸟)

mightbeatypicalexampleofthesmall-brainedspecies.Lovablethoughitis,it’snotexactlyknownforitssmarts.Theptarmigancan,however

,feedonbranchesandwillowleaves.”saidTrevorFristoe,firstauthorofthestudyfromWashingtonUniversity.“Wefindthatsmall-brainedspeciesinthesee

nvironmentsemploystrategiesthatareunachievablewithalargebrain.Thesespeciesareabletoliveonreadilyavailablebutdifficulttodigestresourcessuchasne

edlesofconifers(针叶树)orevenbranches.Thesefoodscanbefoundevenduringextremewinterconditions,buttheyarefibrousandrequirealarg

egut(肠道)todigest,"Fristoesaid.“Guttissue,likebraintissue,isenergeticallydemanding,andlimitedbudgetsmeanthatitischalleng

ingtomaintainalotofboth.”"Brainsarenotevolvingseparately-theyarepartofabroadersuiteofadaptationsthathelpcreaturessucceedintheirlives,”said

CarlosBotero,assistantprofessorofbiologyandco-authorofthestudy.“Biologists,ourselvesincluded,havehistorical

lybelievedthatenvironmentalvariabilitydrivestheexpansionofbrainsize.Butwhenwetakeabroaderview,werealizethatotherstrategiesalsoworkandremark

ably,thealternativehereinvolvesmakingabrainactuallysmaller!”12.HowdoesFristoe'sresearchdifferfrompreviousstudies?A.Itreveals

birds’evolvingprocesses.B.Itarrivesataconflictingconclusion.C.Itfocusesonbirdswithsmallerbrains.D.Itcoversawiderra

ngeofbrainsizes.13.Whatdoweknowabouttheptarmigan?A.Ithasachangeablefeedinghabit.B.Itisconsideredfairlyintelligent.C.Ithas

aextremelylargebodysize.D.Ithasapowerfuldigestingsystem.14.WhatdoesBoterothinkofsmallerbrains?A.Theyarearesultoflimitedbud

gets.B.Theyareaneffectivesurvivalstrategy.C.TheyarenotforvariableenvironmentsD.Theyaretypicalofindependentevolution.15.

Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.BigBrainsorBigGuts:ChooseOneB.EvolutionofBrainSizeinBirdsC.BigBrains:Adap

ttoHigherLatitudesD.TheSmallertheBrain,theSmartertheBird第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选Readingisnotj

ustanimportantprofessionalskill.16Likeanyskillworthmastering,areadinghabitrequirestimeanddedicationtodevelop.Itis,however,alifelongsourceofenjoymenta

ndentertainmentandanaffordablehobbyforanyonewhowantstopickupabook.Improveyourreadingskills.Inordertobuildyourr

eadinghabitandenjoyyourreadingtothefullest,beginpracticinggoodreadingskills.Forexample:readforcontent,lookupunfamiliarwords,learntoappreciateco

ntextandbecomefamiliarwithliterarydevices.Readingforlearningandenjoymentisneveraquickrun.17Findwaystoconnectre

adingtoyoureverydaylife.18Youcanjoinbookclubs.Theseusuallymeetweeklyorbi-monthlyandareagoodwayofmotivatingyoutoreada

ndalsomeetingpeoplewhoarealsocommittedtogoodreadinghabits.Bookclubsalsogiveyouchancestotalkaboutwhaty

oureadandthebenefitoftalkingtomultipleintelligentandinterestedreaders.19Abasketballplayercan’tpractice

ifshedoesn’thaveherballandsneakersready.Readingisthesameasanyotherskill.Trytogetsubscriptions.Tradeorspeciali

nterestmagazinesareagoodwayofkeepingcurrentreadingmaterialnearby.20BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon,havee-Readersandasubstantialsele

ctionofdigitalbooksforsaleorloan.Librariesoftenofferfreee-bookloans,too.A．Setdailyorweeklygoals.B．Keepreadi

ngmaterialshandy.C．Also,youcanconsidertobeane-Reader.D．Instead,takeyourtime,nurtureyourskillsatyourown

pace.E．Setasideregulartimetoenjoyyourspotandalwaysbringalongyourcurrentreading.F．Itiseasiertogrowyourreadingski

llsifyoumakereadingapartofyourdailyschedule.G．Itisalsoawaytoenjoyinformativeandinspiringworksthatenrichourlifeexperiences.第一节（共15小题；每小题1

分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mypassionhasalwaysbeencaringforanimals.That’swhyI____21____atBi

dcawee.Bideaweeisashelter(收容所)forcatsanddogs,wherealltheanimalsareequally____22____.Whetherthecatorthedogs

taysforadayoryears,eachonehasaspecialplaceinmyheart.Mostoftheshelterdogsaresogentleandfriendlythattheycausemetowonderwhynoonehastakenthem_

___23____yet.Theothersneedabitof____24____andlovetowarmup,butoncethey____25____you,youfallinlovewiththem.

OneofmyfavoritesisadogcalledLola.Shealwaysbarkatstrangers.However,oncesheseesyouoftenandgets____26____aroundyou,shegreetsyouwithhert

ailwagging(摇摆),sidetoside.Acommoncharacteristicwithallofthedogs,though,isthattheycanadapttochangesand____27____thelifeatthesh

elter.Andthat’swhatIfindsoamazingaboutthem.Timmyisa7-year-olddogthatwas____28____afteraroundsixyearswithhisowner.Nevertheless,hedoesn’tjustst

aythere,thinkingaboutthepastand____29____bispersontocomeback.Instead,hefocusesonthe_____30_____andis

friendlywitheveryone.Atwo-year-olddogcalledNooblostleginacaraccident.However,heplayswithotherfour-leggeddogs_____31_____,asifthei

njurydidn’tbotherhim.Bidcaweeconstantly_____32_____theirvolunteers,buttome,theyhavedonemoreformethanIcouldevergivetothem.I

trulyenjoyeverymomentI_____33_____atthisanimalshelter,whichgivesmea_____34_____tobewithalltheselovelydogsandca

ts.Itisdefinitelyoneofmymostrewarding_____35_____.21.A.learnB.volunteerC.liveD.observe22.A.lovedB.testedC.shownD.introduced

23.A.thereB.outC.homeD.forward24.A.assistanceB.timeC.effortD.support25.A.approachB.contactC.discover

D.recognize26.A.curiousB.comfortableC.activeD.confident27.A.getusedtoB.getreadyforC.arefamiliarwithD.a

retiredof28.A.injuredB.raisedC.abandonedD.adopted29.A.directingB.remindingC.requiringD.expecting30.A.presentB.futureC.changesD.memories

31.A.quietlyB.separatelyC.differentlyD.normally32A.helpsB.meetsC.invitesD.thanks33.A.spareB.chooseC.spendD.remember34.A.dreamB.chanceC.

jobD.duty35.A.experiencesB.achievementsC.strategiesD.improvements第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Afatheran

dsoninChinawhotookthenationaluniversity___36__________(enter)examstogetherandwereacceptedbytheirinstitu

tionsofchoicehavewowedmanypeopleonline.LiuAohan,18,madehisfamilyproudwhenhewasacceptedintotheFutureAero

spaceLeadershipProgrammeatBeihangUniversityinBeijing,oneoftheworld’sbestuniversitiesforaerospace___37_______(engineer).Hescored625o

utof750points,and___38__________(rank)64inthesciencetrackofgaokaoinnorthwesternChina’sQinghaiprovince.HisfatherLiuJianbo,47,alsotookthegao

kaoin___39______sameyear.Hescored454outof750intheartstrack,andwasacceptedtotakeabusinessmanagementmajor

atGuangxiNormalUniversity.LiuseniorbeganstudyingwithhissonwhenhewasinYear2ofsecondaryschool.Liujuniorhadbecomed

istractedbygamesandhisgradessuffered___40______aresult,sohisfathergavehimabeating,butsoonregrettedhisactions..Hedecid

edtobecomehisson’sstudycompaniontosetagoodexample.His___41_____(decide)coincidedwiththeCovid-19pandemicwhens

choolingwasdoneonline,sothepairwereable____42____(study)togetherathomewhenLiuseniorwasnotatwork.____43___beganasawa

ytoencouragehisson,sooninspiredLiuseniortostudyfor___44_____________(him).Hesaidhewas___45__________(much)proudofhisson’sachievementsthanhisown.五.应用文

写作（15分）假定你是李华，在外刊阅读中遇到了困难，尝试一些方法后仍未达到预期效果。请你给外教Mark写一封邮件寻求帮助，内容包括：1.尝试方法；2.请求指导。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。DearMark,____________________

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____________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely，LiHua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使

之构成一篇完整的短文。Ihavealwaysbeenpassionateaboutfootball,butmyenthusiasmwasoftenovershadowedbyotherswhoalwayslaughedatmyshortstatureandfatfigure,t

heywouldlaughsecretly,copyinghowIwalkedwithbigstepsandmakingfunofmyloveforthegame.Theirlaughterwasalwaysthereinthelockerroomsandonthesidelines,remi

ndingmethatnoteveryonesharedmypassion.Oneday,whileattendingamatchwithateamnamedBorehamWood,Ihadanunexpectedencounterwithafamousfootballpla

yer,ChrisBush!Hewasratherordinary-looking,evenalittleshortandchubby,buthe'sthecenterofattentiononthecourt.Ev

eryonewasattractedbyhissuperbskills.Watchinghimplay,Ifeltasurgeofhopeandinspiration.Hisskillanddeterminationseemedtodefythedoubtst

hathadbeencastuponme.Gatheringupmycourage,Iapproachedhimwithamixofnervousnessandexcitementwhenthegamewase

nded.Iintroducedmyselfandexpressedmyadmirationforhisgame.Tomysurprise,hestoppedandengagedinaconversationwithme.Isharedmystruggles,howtheconsta

ntmockery(嘲笑)mademefeellikeanoutsiderinaworldthatcelebratedheightandleanmuscle.Chrislistenedcarefully,hiseyes

reflectingadepthofunderstandingthatonlysomeonewhohasfacedtheirownbattlescouldpossess.Hesharedhisownstory,hehadoncebeeninmyshoes,ridiculedforhissi

zeandtoldhewouldnevermakeitinfootball.Christoldmehowheusedhissizetohisadvantage,howhebecamequicker,smarter,andmoredet

erminedthananyoneelseonthefield.Hetoldmethatfootballwasagameofheartanddetermination,notjustphysicalcharacteristic

.Hiswordswerelikeabeaconofhope,andIfeltarenewedsenseofdetermination.注意:1.续写词数应为150个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Inspiredbyhiswords,Iregainedmycon

fidence.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________Inacompetitionhalfayearlater,ChriswatchedthegameIparticipatedin._____________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________梅雁中学2024-2025高

三上学期9月月考英语试题答案第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)1.B2.A3.D【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了King’sCollegeSummerSchool这一项目的相关信息，包括目标群体、申请日期、课程、申请步骤、花费等。1.细节理解题。

根据第一段“Tripstomuseumsandculturecentersarealsoorganized.(还组织了参观博物馆和文化中心的活动)”可知，参观博物馆和文化中心是该项目的一部分。故答案为B。2.细节理解题。根据Cost部分中“Youmaychoosetolive

withyourfriendsorrelativesinthesamecity(你可以选择和你的朋友或亲戚住在同一个城市)”可知，如果和亲戚或朋友居住在纽约，可以省去酒店的费用；结合其它费用“Dailylessons:$200(每日课程：200美元)”、“Sportsandactiviti

es:$100(体育和活动：100美元)”和“Travels:$200(旅行：200美元)”可知，如果和亲戚住在纽约，共计要花费500美元。故答案为A。3.细节理解题。根据Steps部分中“ThelettersshouldbewritteninEnglishwithallthenecess

aryinformation.(这些信应该用英语写，包括所有必要的信息)”和最后一栏的“Pleasewriteto:Thompson,Sanders(请写给：Thompson,Sanders)”可知只能用

英语给汤普森写信。故答案为D。【B篇】4.B5.D6.A17.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要分享了她的临床培训经验以及收获。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Mariesaidthatifwehadapatientw

horeactedtothemedicine,weshouldstoprunningthechemotherapy,checkthepatient’sbloodpressure,andthengive

theappropriatemedicinefromtheemergencykit.(玛丽说，如果有病人对药物有反应，我们应该停止化疗，检查病人的血压，然后从急救箱里拿出适当的药物)”可知，因为病人有病人对药物有反应，所以作者停止化疗。故选B。5题】推

理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutthereactionthepa

tientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.(这段经历让我明白，评估你的病人，事先告诉你的病人药物可能引起的反应是多么重要)”可知，告诉病人药物可能产生的反应对救病人起了关键作用。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。根

据文章第四段“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedtheimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病

人的重要性)”可知，作者的临床经验是值得的，有意义的。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thisexperiencetaughtmehowimportantitistoassessyourpatientandtoteachyourpatientbeforehandaboutt

hereactionthepatientcouldhaveduetothemedicine.((这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”以及“Theseexperiencestaughtmealotabouthowtobeanurseandemphasizedth

eimportanceofconductingproperpatientcare.(这些经历教会了我如何成为一名护士，并强调了正确护理病人的重要性)”可知，作者写本篇文章的目的是分享她的临床培训经验。故选C。【C篇】：UniversityofG

lasgow的工程师们利用人工智能协助无人机精确定位找到迷失的远足者。8—11CDDB8.C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，AI无人机系统提高了搜索效率，是对现有搜索技术的补充和提升。9.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知，无人机系统的有效性主要来自它精确的定位能力。

文中的spot和locate是提示词。10.A【解析】主旨大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要讲AI模型如何通过使用数据集和模拟搜索来提高无人机的搜索策略。11.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，研究人员提议通过完善相关数据来改进新的搜索方法，使系统更精确，最终成为一个可以用来拯救生

命的工具。【D篇】答案12.D13.D14.B15.A体裁:说明文主题:人与自然一自然生态一鸟类脑容量与生态关系。本文介绍了一项关于鸟类大脑大小与其生态策略之间关系的科学研究，一些鸟类大脑较小是为了在有限的能量预算下维持大脑和消化系统的能量所需。12.D。细节理解题。根据

第三段前两句可知，以往的研究发现在纬度较高、环境多变的地方，鸟类相对脑容量普遍较大。新研究的不同之处在于，它研究了鸟类大脑大小在不同环境中的整体分布情况，从而测试了不同大小的大脑在不同环境中的比例是过高还是

过低，研究的对象更广泛。differfrom是different的同义替换;awiderrangeof是thefulldistributionof的同义替换。13.D。推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，雷鸟是鸟类中小脑类的代表，一般以针叶甚至树枝为食，这些食物容易获得却难

以被消化，这需要强大的肠道才能实现。而肠道组织和脑组织都需要消耗能量，同时维持二者的大量消耗是较难实现的，因此小脑类鸟类只能二者选其一，由此推断，雷鸟拥有强大的消化系统。14.B。推理判断题。由题干中的Botero定位到文章最后一段，根据最后两句可知，生物学家历来都认为，环境的多变性推动了大脑

体积的扩大。但当我们把视野放得更开阔时，我们会发现其他策略也同样有效让大脑变小。由此推断，Botero认为，大脑变小也是有效的生存策略。aneffectivestrategy是otherstrategie

swork的同义替换。15.A。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了大脑大小与环境变化之间的关系。主要以小脑类的雷鸟为例，具体说明它们因生存需要选择发展消化系统而非大脑。因此，A项最适合作为文章的标题。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）16．G17．D18．F19．B20．C【

导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何培养阅读习惯以及将阅读融入生活中的方法。16．根据前文“Readingisnotjustanimportantprofessionalskill.(阅读不仅仅是一项重要的专业技能)”可知，此处强调阅读的好处，阅读不仅仅是一项重要的专业技能，设空处应

该继续承接阅读的益处。G选项“Itisalsoawaytoenjoyinformativeandinspiringworksthatenrichourlifeexperiences.(阅读也是享受增长见闻和启发性的作品，丰富我们生活经验的一种方式。)”承接前文

，指出阅读也是享受增长见闻和启发性的作品，丰富我们生活经验的一种方式。故选G。17．根据前文“Readingforlearningandenjoymentisneveraquickrun.(阅读学习和享受永远不是一个快速的过程)”可知，此

处强调阅读并不是一个快速的过程，后文应该指出这是一个需要时间长期培养的过程。D选项“Instead,takeyourtime,nurtureyourskillsatyourownpace.(相反，花点时间，按照自己的节奏培养你的技能。)”承接前文，与前文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选D。

18．根据后文“Youcanjoinbookclubs.Theseusuallymeetweeklyorbi-monthlyandareagoodwayofmotivatingyoutoreadandalsomeetingpeoplewhoarealsocommittedtogoodread

inghabits.(你可以加入读书俱乐部。他们通常每周或每两个月见一次面，这是一个很好的激励你阅读的方式，也可以结识那些同样致力于良好阅读习惯的人)”可知，通过具体举例说明可以将读书纳入到自己的生活中

，使其成为生活或日常计划的一部分。F选项“Itiseasiertogrowyourreadingskillsifyoumakereadingapartofyourdailyschedule.(如果你把阅读作为

你日常计划的一部分，你的阅读技能会更容易提高。)”引起下文，形成呼应，即强调将阅读作为自己日常计划的一部分，符合语境。故选F。19．设空处为本段的段旨。根据后文“Abasketballplayercan’tpracticeifshedoesn’thaveherba

llandsneakersready.Readingisthesameasanyotherskill.Trytogetsubscriptions.Tradeorspecialinterestmagazinesareagoodwayofkeep

ingcurrentreadingmaterialnearby.(如果篮球运动员没有准备好球和球鞋，她就不能练习。阅读和其他技能一样。尝试订阅。行业杂志或特殊兴趣杂志是将当前阅读材料放在身边的好方法)”可知，本段讲述的是应该时刻将阅读材料准备好，这样才有助于开展阅读。B选项“Ke

epreadingmaterialshandy.(把阅读材料放在手边。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。20．根据后文的“BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon,havee-Readersandasubstant

ialselectionofdigitalbooksforsaleorloan.Librariesoftenofferfreee-bookloans,too.(Barnes和Noble以及亚马逊都有电子阅读器和大

量可供出售或借阅的电子书。图书馆也经常提供免费的电子书借阅服务)”可知，此处强调的是在阅读过程中可以使用电子阅读材料或者使用电子借阅服务。C选项“Also,youcanconsidertobeane-Reader.(此外，你可以考虑成为一个电子阅读者。)”引起下文，指出可以

考虑成为一个电子阅读者，e-Reader与下文的BarnesandNoble,aswellasAmazon形成呼应，符合语境。故选C。【第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）21.B22.A23.C24.B

25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.A31.D32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在Bideawee做志愿者的经历并且描述了那里的猫和狗。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是为什么我在Bidcawee做志愿者。A

.learn学习；B.volunteer志愿；C.live生活；D.observe观察。根据上文“Mypassionhasalwaysbeencaringforanimals.”以及下文“theirvolunteers”可知，作者在Bidcawee做志愿者。故选B项。【22

题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidewee是一个猫和狗的庇护所，在那里所有的动物都受到同样的爱。A.loved爱；B.tested测试；C.shown展示；D.introduced介绍。根据上文“Bideaweeisashelter(收容所)forcatsanddogs”

以及下文“eachonehasaspecialplaceinmyheart.”可知，所有的动物都受到同样的爱。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：大多数收容所的狗都是那么温柔和友好，它们让我想知道为什么还没有人把它们带回家。A.there在那里；B.out向外；C.ho

me回家；D.forward向前。根据上文“Mostoftheshelterdogsaresogentleandfriendly”可知，去动物收容所可以领养动物，带回家。故选C项【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他动物需要一点

时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他们。A.assistance帮助；B.time时间；C.effort努力；D.support支持。根据下文“lovetowarmup”可知，其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身。故选B项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

意：其他动物需要一点时间和爱来热身，但一旦他们认可你，你就会爱上他们。A.approach接近；B.contact联系；C.discover发现；D.recognize认出,认可。根据下文“youfallinlovewiththem.”可知，一旦动物认可人类，人们就会爱上动

物。故选D项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一旦它经常看到你，并且在你身边感到舒适，它就会摇尾巴，左右摇摆，向你打招呼。A.curious好奇的；B.comfortable舒服的；C.active积极的；D.confident自信的。根据下文“shegreetsy

ouwithhertailwagging(摇摆),sidetoside.”可知，它在你身边感到舒服，就会向你表示友好。故选B项。【27题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，所有的狗都有一个共同的特点，那就是它

们能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。A.getusedto习惯于；B.getreadyfor准备；C.arefamiliarwith熟悉；D.aretiredof厌倦。根据上文“adapttochanges”可知，狗能适应变化，习惯收容所的生活。故选A项。【28题详解】考查动

词词义辨析。句意：蒂米是一只7岁的狗，和主人在一起大约6年后被遗弃。A.injured受伤；B.raised提高；C.abandoned放弃；D.adopted收养。根据下文“Nevertheless,he

doesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepastand____9____bispersontocomeback.”可知，狗被抛弃。故选C项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，他不只是呆在那里，想着过去，期待他的人回来。A.directing指

导；B.reminding提醒；C.requiring要求；D.expecting期望。根据上文“Nevertheless,hedoesn’tjuststaythere,thinkingaboutthepast”可知，狗期待他的人回来。故选D项

。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他专注于当下，对每个人都很友好。A.present目前；现在；B.future将来；C.changes改变；D.memories记忆。根据下文“isfriendlywitheveryone.”可知，狗狗专注于当下。故选A项。【31题详解】考查副词

词义辨析。句意：然而，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍，好像受伤没有打扰他一样。A.quietly安静地；B.separately单独地C.differently不同地；D.normally正常地。根据下文“asiftheinjurydidn’tbotherhi

m.”可知，他和其他四条腿的狗正常玩耍。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bidcawee一直感谢他们的志愿者，但对我来说，他们为我做的比我能给他们的要多。A.helps帮助；B.meets遇见；C.invites邀请；D.thank

s感谢。志愿者们主动做了照顾动物的事，所以对志愿者是感激的。故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。A.spare匀出；B.choose选择；C.spend花费，度过；D.remember记得。根据上文“

everymoment”可知，指度过的时刻。故选C项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我真的很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。A.dream梦想；B.chance机会；C.job工

作；D.duty职责。根据上文“ItrulyenjoyeverymomentI____13____atthisanimalshelter”可知，作者很享受在这个动物收容所度过的每一刻，这让我有机会和这些可爱的狗和猫在一起。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

这绝对是我最有价值的经历之一。A.experiences经历；B.achievements成就；C.strategies策略；D.improvements提高。在Bidcawee做志愿者是一种经历。故选A项。第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)36.entra

nce37.engineering38.ranked39.the40.as41.decision42.tostudy43.What44.himself45.more36.entrance考查名词。名词作定语表示被修饰或限制名词的内容，此时作定语的名词如果是可数

名词则用单数形式。entranceexamination入学考试。37.engineering考查非谓语动词之动名词。engineern.工程师，设计师；（航班）机械师，（轮船）轮机长；技师，机修工；工兵；机车司机，火车司机；责任人v.设计，建造；策划，精心安排；改变……的基因(或遗传)结

构。根据句意指的是名词“工程，工程学”，用动名词engineering。aerospaceengineering航空航天工程：工程学的一个主要分支，涉及飞机和航天器的研究、设计、开发、建造、测试、科学和技术。38

.ranked考查谓语动词之时态。根据前面的一般过去时谓语动词scored和并列连词and确定是并列的一般过去时形式的谓语动词。故填ranked。句意是：在总分750分的高考中，他得了625分，在中国西北部青海省的

理科高考中排名第64位。39.the考查冠词。根据形容词same确定用定冠词the。有些形容词作定语不单独使用，通常与定冠词the连用,如：thesame,theonly,thevery,themain,thefollowing等。40.as考查介词。根据句意看出是表示“结

果”，介词短语asaresult符合句意。小刘因为玩游戏而分心，结果成绩受到影响。41.decision考查名词。根据his和后面的谓语动词coincidedwith看出是作主语，所以用名词形式。故填decision。句意是：他的决定恰逢新冠肺炎大流行，当时学校都是在线学习的，所以

老刘不上班的时候，两人可以一起在家学习。42.tostudy考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。根据beable看出是beabletodosth.结构。故填tostudy。43.What考查连词。分析句子的结构后看出inspired是谓语动词，前面是主语，

再根据谓语动词began看出是主语从句，主语从句缺少主语，结合句意用连接代词what，此处的what是其模糊用法，根据具体语境确定词义。44.himself【简析】考查代词。根据句意看出是为自己，所以用反身代词。故填himself。句意是：一开始是为了鼓励儿子，但很快就激励了老刘自学。45.

more【简析】考查比较级。根据后面的than的提示看出用比较级。故填more。句意是：他说他对儿子的成就比对自己的成就更感到骄傲。五.应用文写作（15分）DearMark,Iamwritingtoaskforyourguidanceonimproving

myEnglishreadingcomprehension.Recently,Ihavebeentryingtounderstandarticlesinforeignmagazines.I'vetriedmanytimestolookupunfamiliarwordsan

drereaddifficultpassages.However,Istillcan'tgraspthemainideasandarguments.Canyouprovidemewithsometipsorstrategiest

ounderstandcomplextextmoreeffectively?Pleaseletmeknowifyouhaveanysuggestionsthatyouthinkcanhelpmeoverc

omethischallenge.Thankyouinadvanceforyourtimeandconsideration.Yourssincerely，LiHua第二节(满分25分)Inspiredb

yhiswords,Iregainedmyconfidence.Istartedtrainingharderthanever,focusingonmystrengthsandimprovingmyskills.Monthsofhardworkfinallypaidoffw

henIwasselectedtocompeteinthelocalcompetition.Onthepitch,IplayedwithsuchenergyandenthusiasmthatIsurprisedmyself.Inacompetit

ionhalfayearlater,ChriswatchedthegameIparticipatedin.AsIpreparedtotakemypicture,Ifelthisencouraginglook.Isco

redthewinninggoal.Thecrowderuptedincheers,andasIliftedthetrophy,IrealizedthatChris'faithinmewasthecatalystformysuccess.Fromthatdayon,Iwas

nolongerjustafan;Iamaplayerwhoprovesthatwithperseveranceandheart,anyonecanachievetheirdreams,nomattertheirsiz

e.