【文档说明】河南省郑州市2019-2020学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 【精准解析】.doc，共(26)页，140.500 KB，由小赞的店铺上传

转载请保留链接：https://www.doc5u.com/view-901605f3e3d29cec76881cb34f6a0076.html

以下为本文档部分文字说明：

2019—2020学年下期期末考试高二英语试题卷注意事项：本试卷分四部分，考试时间120分钟，满分150分。考生应首先阅读答题卡上的文字信息，然后在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上作答无效。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的

答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmuchwilltheypayfortheshoes?A.£15.B.£25.C.£35.2.WhatprogramdoesthegirlwanttowatchonTVto

night?A.Thetalkshow.B.Thestreetdancing.C.Thesingingcompetition.3.Whatwillthegirldofirst?A.Paytheentrance

fees.B.Findoutaboutlectures.C.Havehercardstamped.4.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.Intheparkinglot.B.Insidet

hemaingate.C.Inthewoman’soffice.5.Howwillthewomangotoworktoday?A.Bycar.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独

白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对

话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatdidEllaorderforlunch?A.Ahotdog.B.Friedrice.C.Atomatosandwich,7.HowmuchdidEllagivePeter?A.Twodollars.B

.Threedollars.C.Fivedollars.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WhendidMiketraveltotheUK?A.InAugust.B.InOctober.C.InNovember.9.HowmanycountrieshasMikealreadyb

eentothisyear?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.WhatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenJaneandRobe

rt?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Customerandmanager.11.Howwilltheygototheairport?A.Bybus.B.Bytaxi.C.Bysubway.12.WhatdoesJaneremindRoberttodoa

tlast?A.Keepthebills.B.Avoidtherushhour.C.Takebusinesscardsalong.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whataretheymainlytalkingabout?A.Asummerjob.B.Afoodcomp

any.C.Abirthdayparty.14.WhichofthefollowingthingsdoesTomdobeforetheparty?A.Playingmusic.B.Arrangingtables.C.Co

okingfood.15.WhendoesTomhelpcleanup?A.Beforetheparty.B.Aftertheparty.C.Duringtheparty.16.HowdoesRoselikeT

om’swork?A.Difficult.B.Valuable.C.Interesting.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Universitystudents.B.Guestspeakers.C.

Clubmembers.18.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoing?A.Tryingtojoinafreeclub.B.Comparingtheclubsbeforechoosing.C.R

ememberingtotakethelibrarycard.19.Whatinformationisontheregistration(注册)document?A.Abooklistforeachcourse.B.Thenamesofthedepartmentheads

.C.Theclassroomnumbersforeachclass.20.Whereshouldonedealwithanyaccommodationproblems?A.Inthesecretaryoffice.B.Intheacademicdepartment.C.Atth

euniversityadministration.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIt'stimeforfunoutside!Takeyourbathingsuitandsunscreenandheadtothesesunnyspotsthatofferthebestg

etawaysforeveryinterest!SanJuan,PuertoRicoHeadtothehotcitynightlifeofSanJuan.Topchefs,stylishhotels,bars,clubsandshopsarealljuststepsawayfromthe

tropicalbeaches.AndsincePuertoRicoisaUnitedStatesCommonwealth,it'soneoftheeasiestislandsintheCaribbeantovisitsinceyouwon'tneedapa

ssport,havetochangemoney,orevenworryaboutyourcellphoneworking.PuertoRicoisalsooneofthebesttropicalvacatio

nsyoucantakewithoutleavingtheUnitedStates.RivieraMaya,MexicoWhat'sbetterthandivingintothesaltysea?Goingintotheclearandsal

t-freewatersofthenaturallyoccurringlimestonecenotes(石灰岩沼穴)oftheRivieraMayaandYucatanPeninsula.Spendasunnydayexpl

oringthesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethickpalmforeststhatsurroundthem.Thenheadbacktotheperfectl

ylocatedFairmontMayakobaforcomfortableroomsandmodemMexicancuisine.NewOrleans,LouisianaNewOrleans'livelynightlifeandlive-musicscenesma

ke''theBigEasy''agreatgirls'getaway.Andevenifyourcrewisn'tonetoseekouttheboozyBourbonStreetcrawl,there'splent

yofamazingfoodintheFrenchQuarter，plentyofshoppingandstrollingintheGardenDistrict.Clearwater,FloridaIfyouwanttomeetarealmovi

estarwhilealsoenjoyingthesunbath,headtotheGulfshoresofClearwater,Florida.HereyoucanmeetthestarsofDolphinTaleandDolphin

Tale2,WinterandHope,whoareinresidencefull-timeattheClearwaterMarineAquarium.1.WhatmakesPuertoRicoaneasytouristspottovisit

?A.ItliesintheCaribbean.B.Nopassportisneeded.C.It’snearthetropicalbeaches.D.Manytravelservicesareoffered.2.WhatcanyoudoifyoutraveltoR

ivieraMaya?A.Tastevariousfoods.B.Meetsomefamousstars.C.Diveintothesaltywaters.D.Explorenaturalcavepools.3.Whichplacewillyouchooseifyouarea

filmfan?A.Clearwater,Florida.B.RivieraMaya,Mexico.C.SanJuan,PuertoRico.D.NewOrleans,Louisiana.【答案】1.B2.

D3.A【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在寒冷的冬日，你可以去温暖的地方度假的四个地方。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SanJuan,PuertoRico部分SincePuertoRicoisaUnitedStatesCommonwealth,it’soneoftheeasiestislandsi

ntheCaribbeantovisitsinceyouwon'tneedanypass,havetochangemoney,orevenworryaboutyourcellphoneworking.(波多黎各是美国的一个联邦，它是加勒比海地区最容易参观的岛屿之

一，因为你不需要任何通行证，不需要换钱，甚至不用担心你的手机运行。)可知，不需要通行证使波多黎各成为一个容易的旅游目的地。B.Nopassportisneeded.(不需要通行证)符合以上说法，故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据RivieraMaya,Mexico部

分Spendasunnydayexploringthesenaturalcavepoolsfilledwithcoolwaterthatspringsfromthegroundbelowandthethickpa

lmforeststhatsurroundthem.(在一个阳光明媚的日子里，探索这些充满清凉泉水的天然洞穴池，泉水从地下涌出，周围是茂密的棕榈树森林。)可知，如果去里维埃拉玛雅，你可以探索在洞穴池中游泳。D.Explorenaturalcavepo

ols.(探索洞穴中的游泳池)符合以上说法，故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Clearwater,Florida部分Ifyouwanttomeetarealmoviestarwhilealsotakinginthesun,headtotheGulfshoresofClea

rwater,Florida.(如果你想见到一位真正的电影明星，同时又想晒晒太阳，那就去佛罗里达的克利尔沃特湾海岸吧。)可知，如果你是个影迷，你会去佛罗里达的克利尔沃特湾海岸。A.Clearwater,Florida.(佛罗

里达的克利尔沃特湾海岸)符合以上说法，故选A项。BHarperLeewasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMockingbird,publishedin1960,whichwonthe1961PulitzerPrizeandhasbecomeaclas

sicofmodernAmericanliterature.The1962filmadaptationstarringGregoryPeckwonthreeAcademyAwards.Fordecades,thebookwasLee’sonlymajorworkofpubli

shedfiction,butitwashugelyinfluentialforgenerationsofUSreaders.Ithassoldmorethan10millioncopies,andisone

ofthemostwidelytaughtnovelsintheUSschools.In2007shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreedomforhercontributionstol

iterature.Leewantedtoliveasimplelifeandwasnevercomfortablewiththeattentionthenovelwonher,andshepracticallydisappearedfrompubliclifeafteri

tappeared.Theworld,however,continuedwaitingforanewnovelfromher,andonoccasionshesuggestedthatshehadastoryinprogress.In20

15,abookdidcomeout.GoSetaWatchmanwasmoreofafirstdraft,featuringScout,theyounggirlwhowasthemaincharacter

ofToKillaMockingbird.GoSetaWatchmantellsastoryofScoutasanadult.Accusationsarosethatthe89-year-oldLeewasnotabletoagre

etothemanuscript’srelease，andthatvariouspartieshadsignedonherbehalf.ThoughLeemovedtoNewYorkin1949,shespentmanyyearsguardingherprivacy(隐私)i

nMonroeville,whichservedastheclearinspirationforthesettinginToKillaMockingbird.In2007,Leesufferedastroke(中风),

butrecoveredandlatersettledinMonroevillepermanentlytocareforhersister,Alice,whodiedin2014.Shewassaidtoeatbreakfasteverymorningatthesamefast-foo

dspot,andwasfriendlywithherneighbors.ThecountlessAmericansknewheronlythroughherworks，andtheywillundoubt

edlymissher.4.WhatcanbelearnedaboutHarperLeefromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.ShewasregardedthegreatestwriterinAmerica.B.Shemadegreatcontri

butionstoAmericanliterature.C.Sheoncestarredinafilmadaptedfromherownnovel.D.Shegothernovelswellacceptedinmost

Americanschools.5.WhydidHarperLeedisappearfrompubliclifeafterherfirstnovelcameout?A.Shetriedtogetoutofaccusations.B.Shewan

tedtowriteanothernovel.C.Sheintendedtoavoidbeingbothered.D.Shewasn’tcomfortablewithhernovel’sinfluence.6.Whatcanwelearnabo

utHarperLee’sGoSetaWatchman?A.Ittellsherownlifestory.B.Itisadaptedintoafamousfilm.C.Itwonherlotsofhonorsandawards.D.Itc

ontinuesthestoryofherearlierone.7.WhatcanbeinferredaboutHarperLeefromthelastparagraph?A.Shediedofastrokein2014.B.Shewillberememberedfore

ver.C.Shecaredmuchforherneighbors.D.Sheledalonelylifeinherlaterlife.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.B【解析】本文是记叙文。美国小说家HarperLee因小说《杀死一只知更鸟》而为

人所知，文章讲述了她对美国现代文学所作出的巨大贡献。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“HarperLeewasanAmericannovelistwidelyknownforToKillaMocking

bird,…hasbecomeaclassicofmodernAmericanliterature.(HarperLee的小说《杀死一只知更鸟》成为美国现代文学的经典之作。)”和第二段中“In2007shewasawardedthePresidentialMedalofFreed

omforhercontributionstoliterature.（2007年，她被授予总统自由勋章，以表彰她对文学的贡献。）”可知，HarperLee对美国文学做出了巨大的贡献。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Leewantedtoliveasimpl

elifeandwasnevercomfortablewiththeattentionthenovelwonher,andshepracticallydisappearedfrompubliclifeaf

teritappeared.（Lee想过简朴的生活，小说为她赢得的关注令她感到不安。小说问世后，她几乎从公众生活中消失了。）”可知，她的小说给她带来的影响让她感到不安，因此在第一部小说出版后，她就淡出

了公众生活。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“GoSetaWatchmanwas…featuringScout,theyounggirlwhowasthemaincharacterofToKillaMockingbird.GoSetaWatchma

ntellsastoryofScoutasanadult.（《设立守望者》的主角是《杀死一只知更鸟》的主角——年轻女孩Scout。《设立守望者》讲述了Scout成年后的故事。）”可知，HarperLee的《设立守望者》是她早期小说《杀死一只知更鸟》的延续。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。

文章最后一段提到“ThecountlessAmericansknewheronlythroughherworks，andtheywillundoubtedlymissher.（无数的美国人是通过她的作品认识她的，他们无疑会怀念她。）”可以推断，人们会永远怀念Har

perLee。故选B项。CScientistshavecreatedtheworld'sfirstliving,self-healingrobotsusingstemcells(干细胞)fromfrogs.NamedxenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfro

mwhichtheytaketheirstemcells,the''machines''arelessthanamillimeterwide—smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.

Theycanwalkandswim,surviveforweekswithoutfood,andworktogetheringroups.''Theseareentirelynewlifeforms,''saidtheUniversityofVermont

,whichconductedtheresearchwithTuftsUniversity'sAllenDiscoveryCenter.Theresearchersremovedlivingstemcellsfromfrogembryos(胚胎),

andleftthemtohatch.Then,thecellswerecutandreshapedintospecific''bodyforms''designedbyasupercomputer—forms''neverseeninnature''，accordingtoanewsre

leasefromtheUniversityofVermont.Xenobotsevenhaveregenerativeabilities.Whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,it

healedbyitselfandkeptmoving.Theydon’tlookliketraditionalrobots-theyhavenoshinyclothingorroboticarms.Instead,theylookmorel

ikeatinydropofmovingpinkflesh.Theresearcherssaythisisdeliberate—this''biologicalmachine''canachievethingstypicalrobotsofsteelandplasticcannot.''

Traditionalrobotsdegradeovertimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthsideeffects,''researcherssaidinthestudy.''Asbiologi

calmachines,xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth.''Accordingtotheresearchers,theserobotscouldbeusedtocleanupradioactivewaste

,collectmicroplasticsintheoceans,orevencarrymedicineinsidehumanbodies.Asidefromtheseimmediatepracticaltasks,

theycouldalsohelpresearcherstolearnmoreaboutcellbiology-openingthedoorstofutureadvancementinhumanhealt

handlongevity.Thissoundslikesomethingfromasci-fimovie.Somepeopleevenvoicedtheirconcernthathumansmightbetakencontrolofb

ythosexenobots.However,theresearchersinthestudysaythereisnoneedforalarm.Theycan'treproduceorevolve(进化).8.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.Th

eadvantagesofamedicalrobot.B.Theapplicationofrobotsinbiology.C.Thegeneralintroductionofalivingrobot.D.ThemedicalvalueofA

fricanclawedfrogs.9.Theunderlinedword''regenerative''inParagraph3probablymeans''________''.A.livinglongerB.growingagainC.replacingoldcellsD.d

efendingagainstattacks10.Whatcanweknowaboutxenobots?A.Theycandoeverythingthattraditionalrobotscan.B.Theycanbr

eakupsteelandplasticwhiledegrading.C.Theyareabletocurepeopleofallkindsofdiseases.D.Theyareharmlesstotheen

vironmentandhumanhealth.11.Whatistheresearchers'attitudetothedevelopmentofxenobots?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Cautious.D.Casual.【答案】8.

C9.B10.D11.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的生物机器人——xenobots，包括它的特点，应用等。【8题详解】主旨大意题。阅读全文，尤其根据第一段的Scientistshavecreatedtheworld'sfirstliving,self-healing

robotsusingstemcells(干细胞)fromfrogs.NamedxenobotsaftertheAfricanclawedfrogfromwhichtheytaketheirstemcells,the''

machines''arelessthanamillimeterwide—smallenoughtotravelinsidehumanbodies.(科学家们利用青蛙的干细胞创造了世界上第一个活的、自我修复的机器人。以从中提取干细胞的非洲爪蟾命名，这种机

器人的宽度不到一毫米，小到可以在人体内移动。)可知，本文主要是介绍了最新的一款活的机器人。C.Thegeneralintroductionofalivingrobot.(一款活的机器人的大致介绍)符合以上说法，故选C项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据划

线词所在句子Xenobotsevenhaveregenerativeabilities.Whenthescientistsslicedintoonerobot,ithealedbyitselfandkeptmoving.可知，Xenobots甚至有reg

enerative的能力。当科学家将活的机器人切成几乎两半时，它可以自愈并且继续运动。根据句意，尤其是healedbyitself，猜测regenerative的意思是“再生的”。B.growingagain

(再次生长的)符合以上猜测，故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Theresearcherssaythisisdeliberate—this''biologicalmachine''canachievethingst

ypicalrobotsofsteelandplasticcannot.''Traditionalrobotsdegradeovertimeandcanproduceharmfulecologicalandhealthside

effects,''researcherssaidinthestudy.''Asbiologicalmachines,xenobotsaremoreenvironmentallyfriendlyandsaferforhumanhealth.''(研究人员说，这

是有意为之——这种生物机器可以实现典型的钢铁和塑料机器人无法做到的事情。研究人员在研究中说：“传统机器人会随着时间的推移而退化，并可能产生有害的生态和健康副作用。作为生物机器，xenobots机器人对人类健康更有环境友善，也更安全。”)可知，这种xeno

bots机器人它们对环境和人类健康的危害较小。D.Theyareharmlesstotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.(它们对环境和人类健康的危害较小)符合以上说法，故选D项。【

11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Somepeopleevenvoicedtheirconcernthathumansmightbetakencontrolofbythosexenobots.However,theresearchersinthestudysay

thereisnoneedforalarm.Theycan'treproduceorevolve(进化).(一些人甚至表达它们担心人类会被xenobots机器人控制。不过，研究者们说没有必要惊慌。外星机器人没有繁殖和

进化的能力。)可推测，研究人员对xenobots的发展持积极态度。B.Positive.(积极的)符合以上说法，故选B项。DTheremainsofanancientape(猿)foundinBavariasugg

estthathumans'ancestorsbeganstandinguprightmillionsofyearsearlierthanpreviouslythought.Aninternationalteamofre

searcherssaidthefossilizedskeleton(化石骨骼)ofamaleapethatlivedinthewarmanddampforestsofwhatisnowsouthernGe

rmanywasquitesimilartomodemhumanbones.InapaperpublishedbythejournalNature,theyconcludedthatthepreviouslyunknownspecies—namedDa

nuviusguggenmosi—couldwalkontwolegsbutalsoclimblikeanape.''Thefindingsraisefundamentalquestionsaboutourpreviousunderstandingoftheevolu

tionofthegreatapesandhumans,''saidMadelaineBoehme,wholedtheresearch.Thequestionofwhenapescouldwalkontwolegshasfascina

tedscientistssinceCharlesDarwinfirstarguedthattheyweretheancestorsofhumans.Previousfossilrecordsofapeswithanu

prightmove—foundinCreteandKenya—datedonlyasfarbackas6millionyears.TheseapesarecalledToumai.Boehme,alongwithresearchersfromBulgaria,Canadaa

ndtheUnitedStates,examinedmorethan15,000bonesrecoveredfromthearchaeologicalremainsfound.Amongtheremainstheywereabletopiecetogetherwere

primate(灵长目动物)fossilsbelongingto4individualsthatlived11.62millionyearsago.Themostcomplete,anadultmale

,likelystoodabout1metertall,weighed31kilogramsandlookedsimilartomodern-daybonobos,aspeciesofchimp.Likehumans,DanuviushadanS-shapedb

ackbonetoholditsbodyuprightwhilestanding.Unlikehumans,though,ithadapowerfulbigtoethatwouldhaveallowedittograbbrancheswithitsf

ooteasily.FredSpoor,abiologistattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,calledthefossilfinds''fantastic'',butsaidtheywouldlikelybedeniedorsuspectedbyo

thers,especiallybecausetheycouldchallengemanyexistingideasaboutevolution.12.Wheredidthescientistsfindthefossilizedapeskeleton?A.Germany.

B.Canada.C.Bulgaria.D.Kenya.13.WhatcanweinferaboutDanuviusguggenmosi?A.Itwasaspeciesofchimp.B.ItlivedinCreteandKenya.C.Itcouldwalkwithaba

ckbone.D.ItexistedmuchearlierthanToumai.14.HowdoesSpoorfeelaboutthefinding?A.Itisthemostfantasticone.B.Itisasupporttoevolu

tion.C.Itmaycauselotsofdebate.D.Itdeniesthepreviousideas.15.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthistext?A.LegendofHu

mans'AncestorsB.TheSecretsUncoveredfromFossilsC.TheOldestExampleofUprightApeFoundD.RecentFindingsagainsttheTheoryofEvolution【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】

这是一篇说明文。最近在巴伐利亚一个粘土遗址发现的一只古猿的遗骸吸引了人们的目光。根据科学家的说法，他们可能会更新人们对人类祖先何时开始直立的看法。这些在他们拼凑起来的遗骸中，有四个个体的灵长类化石，他们生活在1162万年前，早于之前发现的猿类最直立行走记录。文章还说明了一些人对这一发现的看法

。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的Aninternationalteamofresearcherssaidthefossilizedskeletonofamaleapethatlivedinthehum

idforestsofwhatisnowsouthernGermanyboreastrikingresemblancetomodemhumanbones.可知，一个国际研究小组称，在如今德国南部的潮湿森林中生活的雄性类人猿的骨骼化石与现代人类骨骼惊人地相似。由此可知，

科学家们在德国发现了这些骨头。A.Germany.(德国)符合以上说法，故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的Previousfossilrecordsofapeswithanuprightmove-foun

dinCreteandKeny-datedonlyasfarbackas6millionyearsago.TheseapesarecalledToumai.可知，此前在克里特岛和肯尼亚发现的猿类直立行走的化石记录只能追溯到600万年前。这些类人猿被称为Toumai。

以及第五段的Amongtheremainstheywereabletopiecetogetherwereprimatefossilsbelongingtofourindividualsthatlived11.62millionyearsago

.可知，在他们拼凑起来的遗骸中，有四个个体的灵长类化石，他们生活在1162万年前。由此可推知，Danuvius的存在远远早于Toumai。D.ItexistedmuchearlierthanToumai.(它们的存在远远早于Toumai)符合以上说法，故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根

据最后一段FredSpoor,apaleontologistattheNaturalHistoryMuseuminLondon,calledthefossilfinds“fantastic”butsaidtheywouldlikelybedeniedorsuspected

byothers,notleastbecausetheycouldchallengemanyexistingideasaboutevolution.可知，伦敦自然历史博物馆的古生物学家FredSpoor称这些化石的发

现“令人兴奋”，但他表示，其他人可能会否认或怀疑这些发现，尤其是因为它们可能会挑战许多现有的进化论观点。由此可推知，Spoor认为这一发现可能会引起很多争论。C.Itmaycauselotsofdebate.(它可能会引起很多争论)符合以上说法，故选C项。【15题详

解】主旨大意题。阅读全文，一段TheremainsofanancientapefoundinaBavarianclaysiterecentlycaughtpeople'seyes.cordingtoscientists,theymayrenewpeople'sopiniononwhenh

umans'ancestorsbeganstandingupright．(近在巴伐利亚的一个粘土遗址发现的一只古猿（猿）的遗骸吸引了人们的目光，据科学家说，它们可能会重新引起人们对人类祖先何时开始直立的看法。)以及第二段Inapaperpublishedbythejour

nalNature,theyconcludedthatthepreviouslyunknownspecies—namedDanuviusguggenmosi—couldwalkontwolegsbutalsoclimblikeanape.(在《自然》杂志发表的一篇文章中，他们得出结

论，以前未知的物种——Danuviusguggenmosi可以两条腿走路，但也可以像猿猴一样爬)可知本文主要讲述了一个新的发现：研究人员发现了最古老的直立猿猴．C.TheOldestExampleofUprightApeFound(最古老的直立猿类被发现了)可作为本文标题，故

选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。WheneverImovedtoanewcity,

thefirstthingIdidwastohireabicycle.Why?____16____Youtravelmuchfasterthanonfootandyounoticesomuchmoreofyoursurroundingsthanwheninabusoracar.It'smorea

ppealingtowanderdownsmallstreetsiftheyseeminteresting,asyoucanquicklygetbacktothemainroad.Besides,Isoondiscoveredm

orebenefitsofcycling.Abicyclemeansthatfewerplaces,especiallyinasmallcityliketheonewhereIlivenow,feelfaraway.Forexample,cyclingt

oworktakesmehalfthetimethatitwouldtowalk,____17____Ofcourse,thereareobvioushealthbenefitsofcycling—abitofextramovementaspartofyourdailyroutinecanh

elpyoukeepfitandhealthy.Cyclingonmywaytoworkalsomakesmefeelmoreenergeticinthemornings.____18____Whilecarspollutetheenvironment，bicyclesarecarbonneut

ral(碳平衡的).Furthermore,thankstobeingpetrol-free,bicyclesarecheapertorun,buyandfixthancars.Evenifyoudon'

townacar，abicyclecanpayforitselfwhencomparedtothepriceofbustickets.____19____Alwayswearahelmet,payattention

toothertrafficanddon'tforgetyourlightsatnight.Makesureyouknowtheroadrules,especiallyinanewplace.Somecitiesaremorebicycle-friendlyt

hanothers.____20____Luckily,whereIlivenowisquiteeasytorideabicyclearound,thankstohavinglotsofcyclelanesandnottoomanyhills

!A.However,becarefulwhenyouarecycling.B.Butsometimescityroadsaredifficultforcyclists.C.Ishouldlearntoridesafelyontherightoftheroad.D.Important

ly,cyclingalsohelpstodecreaseyourcarbonfootprint.E.Cyclingtoworkisfitforwhoeverwantstosavetheirpocket

money.F.Ridingabicyclealsomeansyouaren'tlimitedbythebustimetables.G.Seeingacitybybicycleisperfectforsettlinginandlearningyourwayaround.【答案】16

.G17.F18.D19.A20.B【解析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍骑自行车的益处。【16题详解】上文WheneverImovedtoanewcity,thefirstthingIdidwastohireabicycle.Why?(当我搬到一个新

城市时，我做的第一件事就是租一辆自行车。为什么?)与G.Seeingacitybybicycleisperfectforsettlinginandlearningyourwayaround.(骑自行车看城市是安顿下来以后了解你周围环境的理想方法)承接自然，选项对why的回答，是作者选择骑

自行车的原因之一，故选G项。【17题详解】上文Forexample,cyclingtoworktakesmehalfthetimethatitwouldtowalk,(例如，骑自行车上班花我步行一半的时间。)与F.Ridingabicyclealsomeansyouaren'tlimit

edbythebustimetables.(骑自行车也意味着你不受公交时刻表的限制)承接自然，上下文都谈论骑自行车在时间方面的优势，故选F项。【18题详解】下文Whilecarspollutetheenvironment，bicyclesarecarbon

neutral(碳平衡的).(汽车污染环境，而自行车是碳平衡的。)与D.Importantly,cyclingalsohelpstodecreaseyourcarbonfootprint.(重要的是，骑

车也有助于减少你的碳足迹)承接自然，上下文都讲述骑自行车在环保方面的作用，carbon是关键词，故选D项。【19题详解】下文Alwayswearahelmet,payattentiontoothertraffican

ddon'tforgetyourlightsatnight.(一定要戴上头盔，注意其他的交通，不要忘记晚上的灯光。)与A.However,becarefulwhenyouarecycling.(但是，骑自行车要小心)承接自然，下文是骑自行车小心

的具体做法，故选A项。【20题详解】上文Somecitiesaremorebicycle-friendlythanothers.(有些城市比其他城市更适合自行车。)与B.Butsometimescityroadsaredifficultforcyclist

s.(有时城市道路对骑自行车的人来说是困难的)承接自然，上下文是明显的转折关系，故选B项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选

项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Therewassnowlastnight,followedbyafreezingrain.It____21____everythingwithathinlayerofice，includin

gthehighways，creatinga____22____situation.Goingtothestoretobuysomegoods,Ihad____23____incrossingthehighwaybecauseoftheice.AfterIstr

uggledtocrossit,awomancameupinhercar,____24____acrossthecrosswalk,throughtheotherlane,almostgoingintotheditch(沟).Shewasuna

bletodoanything,withhereyeswideopenin____25____andbrakeslocked.Aftershegotcontrolofhercar,sheslowly____26____.Sothenwatch

ingheraway,Ithoughtthatitwasa____27____corner.IgotintouchwiththebusinessesaroundandaskedifIcouldfillthecorner.Finally,Igot____2

8____.AndthenIfoundabucket,filleditwithsandandputthesandonthatcorner.Thistookmeeightbuckets,and____29____Igotthiscomersand

ed.People_____30_____theirhorns(喇叭)astheydrovebytoshowhonortome.AnofficerthankedmeandthepavingcompanywhereI

gotthesandthankedme,too.Awomandriver_____31_____overtogivemeabottleoffruitjuice,andanothergavemeachocolatebar.Iwasn’t_____32_____anything,soIap

preciatedthese.Asoneofthesnowangelshereinmycommunity,I_____33_____achanceofcleaningupsidewalksforeldersandthoseinwhe

elchairslastyearbecauseofa_____34_____shoulderinjury.SothistimeIintendedtomakeupforit,_____35_____witho

negoodshoulder.Itwas_____36_____,though.AfterIfinishedsandingthisbusycomer,_____37_____asitwas，thesuncameandstartedto_____38_____.Someonedrove

byandtoldmethatatthemomentthesunwasshiningonlyinone_____39_____.YetthisrayofsunlightwasonlyshiningwhereIwas,coincidence?Andstrangelytheicestartedto

_____40_____quickly.21.A.ruinedB.coveredC.protectedD.stopped22.A.familiarB.differentC.dangerousD.tight23.A.luckB.interestC.funD.dif

ficulty24.A.slidingB.walkingC.strugglingD.flying25.A.vainB.alarmC.amazementD.relief26.A.gotoffB.wokeupC.droveoffD.gaveup27.A.blindB.threateningC.quie

tD.distant28.A.permissionB.confidenceC.praiseD.encouragement29.A.purposelyB.nearlyC.eventuallyD.actually30.A.keptB.playedC.showedD.sounde

d31.A.stayedB.rushedC.pulledD.turned32.A.expectingB.deservingC.changingD.suffering33.A.seizedB.preferredC.regrettedD.missed34.A.seriousB.sligh

tC.bodilyD.personal35.A.neverB.evenC.stillD.ever36.A.interestingB.promisingC.tiringD.worrying37.A.sunnyB.darkC.coldD.mild38.A.hide

B.riseC.fadeD.shine39.A.placeB.momentC.wayD.city40.A.increaseB.meltC.moveD.block【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.C30.D31.C32.A3

3.D34.A35.B36.C37.A38.D39.A40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者主动用沙去填结冰的路面，受到过路人的赞扬，自己也心情愉快的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它把所有东西都盖上了一层薄薄的冰，包括公路，造成

了一种危险的情况。A.ruined摧毁；B.covered覆盖；C.protected保护；D.stopped停止。根据上文的Therewassnowlastnight,followedbyafreezi

ngrain.可知，此处是指低温让雨水冻结成冰，覆盖在东西上，故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它把所有东西都盖上了一层薄薄的冰，包括公路，造成了一种危险的情况。A.familiar熟悉的；B

.different不同的；C.dangerous危险的；D.tight紧的。结合上文内容可知，因为一切都覆盖了一层薄冰，很滑，这是危险的情况，故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：去商店买东西，因为冰，我很难穿过公路。A.luck运气；B.interest兴趣；C.fun乐趣；D.d

ifficulty困难。根据下文的becauseoftheice可知此处用“困难”符合语境，havedifficultyindoingsth.“做某事有困难”，故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我艰难穿过高速路之后，一位女士开着车过来，滑过人行道，穿过

另外一个车道，差点跑道沟里去。A.sliding滑；B.walking走；C.struggling挣扎；D.flying飞。根据下文的throughtheotherlane,almostgoingintotheditch可推测，女士的车因为冰，车轮打滑，跑道了

别的车道，还差点掉到沟里，故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她什么也做不了，眼睛睁得大大的，惊慌失措，刹车也被锁住了。A.vain徒劳；B.alarm惊慌；C.amazement惊讶；D.relief宽慰，缓解。根据上文的____4

____acrossthecrosswalk,throughtheotherlane,almostgoingintotheditch可知，此处是指在路上打滑和差点掉到沟里让这位女士很惊慌，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在能控制住自己车

后，她慢慢地开走了。A.gotoff下车；B.wokeup醒来；C.droveoff开走，撵走；D.gaveup放弃。根据下文的Sothenwatchingheraway可知，女士将车开走了，故选C项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着她离开，我认为这是一个危险地区。A.blind看不见

的；B.threatening危险的；C.quiet安静的；D.distant遥远的。根据下文的IgotintouchwiththebusinessesaroundandaskedifIcouldfillthecorne

r.可知作者打算去填这地区，由此推测它很危险，故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我得到了允许。A.permission允许；B.confidence自信；C.praise表扬；D.enco

uragement鼓励。根据上文的askedifIcouldfillthecorner和下文的AndthenIfoundabucket,filleditwithsand可知，作者去询问有关组织自己可否去填这个地区，得到

了允许，故选A项。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这用了8桶沙，最终，我把整个角落填上了沙。A.purposely故意地；B.nearly几乎；C.eventually最后；D.actually事实上。根据下文的People____10____theirhorns(喇叭)astheydr

ovebytoshowhonortome.可知人们在这个地区可以安全驾驶，由此推测，作者最终用沙把它填好了，故选C项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当人们开过这个地区时都鸣喇叭向我表示敬意。A.kept保持；B

.played玩，放；C.showed展示；D.sounded使……发声。根据下文的theirhorns可知此处用“鸣喇叭”符合语境，故选D项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位女司机把车靠边停下给我一瓶果汁，另外一个给了我一块巧克力。A.stayed待；

B.rushed冲；C.pulled拉；D.turned转动。根据下文的givemeabottleoffruitjuice可知司机停下了车，pullover“靠边停车”，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我并没有期待什么，因此对这些非常感激。A.

expecting期待；B.deserving值得；C.changing改变；D.suffering遭受。根据下文的soIappreciatedthese可知，此处是指，作者用沙去填这个地区时，没有期待会得到任何回报，故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为我们小区

的大雪天使之一，去年因为肩膀了受严重的伤我错过了一次为小区的老人和行动不便的人清理人行道的机会。A.seized抓住；B.preferred更喜欢；C.regretted后悔；D.missed错过。根据下文的becauseofa_

___14____shoulderinjury可知，作者因为肩膀受伤错过了一次机会，故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为我们小区的大雪天使之一，去年因为肩膀了受严重的伤我错过了一次为

小区的老人和行动不便的人清理人行道的机会。A.serious严重的；B.slight轻微的；C.bodily身体的；D.personal个人的。根据下文的withonegoodshoulder.可推测作者的肩

膀受了严重的伤，故选A项。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此这次我打算弥补，即使只用一个健康的肩膀。A.never绝不；B.even即使；C.still仍然；D.ever曾经。结合上下文可知，此处是指即使只有一个健康的肩膀，作者也要弥补去年错过的那次机会，故选B项

。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这很累。A.interesting有趣的；B.promising有前途的；C.tiring劳累的；D.worrying担心的。根据上文的withonegoodshoulder可知，作者只用一只手在工作，故此处用“

劳累的”符合语境，故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我把这个繁忙的地区填好沙之后，天已经晴朗了，太阳出来了，开始闪烁着光芒。A.sunny晴朗的；B.dark黑暗的；C.cold寒冷的；D.mild温和的。根据下文的the

suncame可知此处用“晴朗的”符合语境，故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我把这个繁忙的地区填好沙之后，天已经晴朗了，太阳出来了，开始闪烁着光芒。A.hide隐藏；B.rise上升；C.fade褪色；D.shine闪烁

。根据下文的YetthisrayofsunlightwasonlyshiningwhereIwas可知此处用“闪烁/照耀”符合语境，shine是原词复现，故选D项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人开车经过，

告诉我此时此刻阳光只照着一个地方。A.place地方；B.moment时刻；C.way路，方法；D.city城市。根据下文的Yetthisrayofsunlightwasonlyshiningwhere

Iwas可知，太阳只照着作者所在的地方，故选A项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：让人觉得奇怪的是，冰也开始迅速融化了。A.increase增加；B.melt融化；C.move移动；D.block阻塞。根据上文的thesuncame可知太阳出来了，冰也融化了；此处是

一语双关，既指真实的冰在融化，也指作者的心情好了起来，故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。Before

youthrowanemptyplasticbottleintotherecyclingdustbin,youshouldmakesurethatthelid(盖子)isstillattached.Thisadviceseemstogoagainsteverything____41____weh

avebeentaughtbefore.It’struethatbottlesandlidsaretypicallymadeofdifferentkindsofplastic.Inthepast,theplasticrecyclingindu

strywasnot____42____(effective)recyclingbottleswithlidsonsothemessagetoremovethelid____43____(create).Recycling____44____(technolo

gy)haveimprovedsincethen,andkeepingthelidonisnolongeraproblemnow.Thetwopartsareseparatednaturallyinaprocess____45____(refe

r)toasawaterbath.Thebottlesfloatandthelidssink,whichmakesiteasy____46____(separate)them.Ontheotherhand,removingthelidsca

ncausethemtobesortedimproperlyintherecyclingprocess.Becauseoftheirsmallsize,separatelidsareoftensorted____47____pilesoflandfill(垃圾填

埋)waste.Theyarealsocommonoceanpollutants,andcanbe____48____(harm)toanimalsintheocean.It’salsocommonforpeo

pletocrush(挤压变形)plasticbottlesbefore____49____(throw)themintothedustbin,butthatshouldalsobeavoided.That’s___

__50_____theycouldbeconfusedforpaperduringthesortingprocessandendupinthewrongplace.【答案】41.that42.effectively43.wascreated44.techn

ologies45.referred46.toseparate47.into48.harmful49.throwing50.because【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在回收塑料瓶时不要拧下瓶盖，因为拧下的瓶盖会被当成可填埋垃

圾。此外，文章建议扔塑料瓶时不要挤压，因为这样它们会被当作废纸回收。【41题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词everything在从句中充当宾语，不定代词做先行词，应用关

系代词that。故填that。【42题详解】考查副词。此处应用副词修饰动词recycling，故填effectively。【43题详解】考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是so引导句子的谓语动词，由上文的was判断为一般过去时，主语message和create之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语

态，主语是单数，故填wascreated。【44题详解】考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，由haveimproved判断主语应是复数名词，故填technologies。【45题详解】考

查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，referto的逻辑主语process和它之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填referred。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。根据固定句型makeit+adj.+todo

sth.“使做某事……怎么样”，可知此处应用不定式，it是形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语，故填toseparate。【47题详解】考查介词。此处是固定短语sort…into…“把……分成/归类为”，故填into。【48题详解】考查形容词。此处考查固定短语beharmfulto“对……有

害”，故填harmful。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。此处应用throw的动名词作为介词before的宾语，故填throwing。【50题详解】考查连接词。句意：那是因为在分类的过程中它们可能被错误地当成纸张，最后去了不该去的地方。分析句子可知，此处是表语从句连接词，从句成分完整，但缺

少“因为”之意，应用because引导，故填because。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修

改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修

改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Lastsummer,ourclasspaidforavisittoaloc

alnursinghome.Afterarrivethere,wesawsomeelderpracticingTaiChi.Theygaveusagoodimpressionofbeingdynamican

dhealthy.Buttherewerealsosomeoldpeopleseatinginthewheelchairs.Theywereoutofshape，whatmademeabitsad.Theymusthaveexpe

riencedhardlifeinthepast.Duringthevisit,wechatwiththeoldanddidsomecleaningandwashinghere.Wehadsuchagoodtime.Thisyear,weplantovisititfro

mtimetotimebuthopemorepeoplewillcareabouttheoldsothattheycanbehealthy,peaceandhappyfortherestoftheirlife.【答案】1.删除paid后的for2.arrive→arriv

ing3.elder→elders4.seating→seated5.what→which6.hard前加a7.chat→chatted8.here→there9.but→and10.peace→peaceful【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲叙了去年，作者的班级去当地一家养老院参观的事情。【详解】1.考查介词。此处是固定短语payavisitto“参观/拜访……”，故删除paid后的for。2.考查动名词。此

处应用arrive的动名词作为介词after的宾语，故将arrive改为arriving。3.考查名词的数。elder“长者/老人”是可数名词，由some判断用该名词的复数形式，故将elder改为elders。4.考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动

作后置定语，逻辑主语oldpeople和seat之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故将seating改为seated。5.考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的整个句子，关系词在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which，what不能引导定语从句，故将w

hat改为which。6.考查冠词。句意：他们肯定在过去经历了一个艰苦的生活。此处是固定短语experiencea…life“经历一个……生活”，hard是辅音音素开头，故在hard前加a。7.考查时态。cha

t是句子谓语动词，又本文讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故将chat改为chatted。8.考查副词。句意：在参观期间，我们和老人聊天，并在那里帮忙打扫和清洗。根据句意可知，此处用there“那里”符合语境，故将here改为there。9.考查并列连词。句

意：今年，我们计划时常去养老院，并且希望更多人关注老人，以便他们在剩下的日子里，能够健康、平静和幸福。根据句意可知，上下文是顺承关系，应用and连接，故将but改为and。10.考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词作表语，故将peace改为

peaceful。第二节书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你市图书馆将举办中国茶文化展览。你校外教Smith先生对此很感兴趣，请用英语给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加该活动。内容包括：1.展览时间及地点；2.展览内容：中国茶的历史、文化；茶叶、茶具等；3.观看茶艺表演、

品茶。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：茶具teaset；茶艺theartoftea-makingDearMr.Smith,___________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearMr.Smith,Knowingthatyouareveryi

nterestedinteaculture,IhaveapieceofgoodnewsforyouthatourcitylibrarywillholdaChineseteacultureexhibitionnextSaturdaywiththepurp

oseofpromotingteaculture.Itisanexhibitionfilledwithcolorfulactivities,inwhichyoucannotonlylearnaboutthehistoryandcultureofteaandappreciateawidevar

ietyofteasets,butalsoenjoytheartoftea-makingandteatasting.Ifyouareavailable,pleasearriveattheentrancehallofthecitylib

rarybefore8:00a.m.nextSaturday.Ihopewewillhaveanexcellenttimethere.Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你市图书馆将

举办中国茶文化展览。你校外教Smith先生对此很感兴趣，请用英语给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加该活动。内容包括：1.展览时间及地点；2.展览内容：中国茶的历史、文化；茶叶、茶具等；3.观看茶艺表演、品茶。时态应为一般将来时。第

2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；teaset（茶具），theartoftea-making（茶艺），exhibition（展览），teaculture（茶文化），promote（推广），colorful（丰富多彩的）及available（有空的）等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词

造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级

词汇有withthepurposeof（目的是），beinterestedin（对……感兴趣），befilledwith(充满)，learnabout（学习），arriveat（到达）以及awidevarietyof（多种多样的），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“Iti

sanexhibitionfilledwithcolorfulactivities,inwhichyoucannotonlylearnaboutthehistoryandcultureofteaandappreciateawi

devarietyofteasets,butalsoenjoytheartoftea-makingandteatasting.”，状语从句“Ifyouareavailable,pleasearriveattheentranceha

llofthecitylibrarybefore8:00a.m.nextSaturday.”，宾语从句“Ihopewewillhaveanexcellenttimethere.”，同位语从句和非谓语动词“Knowingthatyo

uareveryinterestedinteaculture,IhaveapieceofgoodnewsforyouthatourcitylibrarywillholdaChineseteacultureexhibitionnextSaturdaywiththepurposeofpro

motingteaculture.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。