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佛山一中2019级高三12月月考英语试题本试卷共7页,满分120分,考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1．答题前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选

涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。3．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题

的题组号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。第一部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFamily-friendlywalksPAD

LEYGORGENexttoGrindlefordStation,eightmilesnorthofBakewell,liesPadleyGorge.Trailsarekeptasnaturalaspossible-

--it'smoreacaseoffindingthegapsinthewoodsthanfollowingapath.LONGSHAWESTATEThe1.7-milewalkingroutearoundthisNationalTru

stestateskirtstheupperendofPadleyGorge.Peoplelovethesteppingstones,butLongshawismostlyallaboutthegiantfallentrees,leftinplaceforlittlehandsandfeettod

elightfullyclimbover.HIGGERTORApileofgiantrocksdominatesHiggerTor,thebestofseverallookoutsalongtheRinginglowRoadbetweenHather

sageandSheffield.Walkthroughthenearbyfields,thenletthekidsclimboverhundredsofstrangelysmoothgreystones.

TheviewsoutovertheHopeValleyaregreatandimpressive,andtherockpoolsinBurbageBrookareperfectforrowingin.STANAGEEDGEPopularwithrockclimb

ers,thisstonecliffmarkstheboundaryofthemysteriouslandoftheDarkPeakcliffandthegrass-coveredflatlandofWhitePeak.It'sasixmilecircularwalkfromHathersag

e.Alternatively,parkattheHollinBankCarParkandclimbhalfamiletothetop,outofbreath.CHATSWORTHESTATEAthree-milecirclefromCaltonLeesCar

Parktakesinaruinedfactory,theprettyvillageofEdensorandviewsofChatsworthHouse.AppreciatethestretchalongtheRiverDerwent---deeroftenhan

goutthere.1.Whomisthetextintendedfor?A.Friends.B.Farmers.C.Families.D.Climbers.2.Whichwalksaremostsuitableforchildren?A.HIGGERTORa

ndSTANAGEEDGE.B.LONGSHAWESTATEandHIGGERTOR.C.PADLEYGORGEandLONGSHAWESTATE.D.STANAGEEDGEandCHATSWORTHESTATE.3.

Duringwhichwalkareyoulikelytomeetwithbiganimals?APADLEYGORGE.B.LONGSHAWESTATE.C.STANAGEEDGE.D.CHATSWORT

HESTATE.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍适合家庭外出散步的几个场所。【1题详解】推理判断题。由文章标题“Family-friendlywalks”结合全文介绍的几个场所可知，这篇文章主要是为家庭成员写的。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章“LONG

SHAWESTATE”部分中的“leftinplaceforlittlehandsandfeettodelightfullyclimbover（放在合适的位置，让小手和小脚高兴地爬过去）”以及“HIGGERTOR”部分中的“Walkthroughthenearbyfields,thenl

etthekidsclimboverhundredsofstrangelysmoothgreystones.（穿过附近的田野，然后让孩子们爬过数百块光滑得奇怪的灰色石头）”可知，LONGSHAWESTATE和HIGGERTOR适合孩子。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由文章“CHATSW

ORTHESTATE”部分中的“AppreciatethestretchalongtheRiverDerwent---deeroftenhangoutthere.（欣赏德文特河沿岸的景色——鹿经常在那里闲逛）”可知

，在.CHATSWORTHESTATE有可能会能见到大的动物。故选D项。BAboatfloatedpeacefullyonthecrystal-bluewater.“Howfascinating!”Antoniotoldtohisfriends,whosharedapassionfordiv

ing.Inthefollowingdiving,unfortunately,hewastrappedwithhisfriend,whosharedtheoxygenwithAntoniobutdiedafterwards.Antoniobreathedhardonhismouth

piece,buttherewasnothingleft.Hestartedtoscreamandkeptscreaminguntilhehadnovoice.AshourspassedandAntoniofailedtosurface,hisother

friendsrushedforhelp.Shortlythelocaldiverscametorescue,butinvain.Yearsofexperiencetoldthem,lostinthe

cave,onemustbedead.Theyconsideredgoingbackinbutdecidedagainstitbecauseoftheincomingdark,themuddywatera

ndthelackofhelp.Toorisky.Askedforhelp,Peter,achieffrogman,begantoplanthenextmorning’soperations,knowing

hurriedpreparationwasdeadly.Hehadnarrowescapesfromdeath.Eachtime,though,trainingandacoolheadsavedhim.Su

ddenly,athoughtstruckhim."Whosaidhedied?Thatguymaybealive!”Thenextmorning,Peterwassuitedup.Beforeadive,heprayed.An

tonio"dreamed”hewasdrowning.Heforcedhimselfawakebutcouldn'tfeelhisbody.Hewastootiredtofeelscared.Enteringthecave,Peterfound

Antonio.Ontouchinghim,ahandclosedaroundhisleftwristPeterknewtheyoungmanmustbekeptfrompanicking.Gentlyhepassedhismouth

piecetoAntonio.HeheardAntoniotakeacoupleofbreathsbeforehandingthemouthpieceback.Antoniowastryingtoshareoxygenwithhim,Peterreali

zed.Howunbelievablewasthat,after17hoursinthishole,hismindstillstayedcool!Antoniowastreatedinthenearesthospital.Doctorssaidh

ewouldn’thavesurvivedmorethananotherhourinthecave.WhenPeterfinallyclimbedbackintohiscar,hedoubledup,sobbing.Hefelthetookpartinamiracle.Somehow

anunseenhandthathadguidedAntoniotoatinyairpocketinthecaveguidedhimtheretoo.Whereheshouldhavefounddeath,hehadmetlife.4.HowdidAntoniofeelinthecave?A.

Delighted.B.Cautious.C.Thrilled.D.Scared.5.WhydidPeterdecidenottooperateimmediately?A.BecauseAntoniowasbeli

evedtobedead.B.Becausetheconditionswererisky.C.Becausethehurriedhelpcouldn'thelp.D.Becausethelocaldiversachievednothing.6.Wha

tcanweinferfromParagraph4?A.Antoniodidn'tgiveintothedesperatesituation.B.Antoniohadadreamofdrowning.C.Antoniolongedtoslee

ptight.D.AntoniopulledPeterdownwithhim.7.WhatmadePeterdeeplytouchedintheend?A.Antonio’sinjury.B.Humans'desiretosurvive

.C.Peter'sownkindness.D.Antonio'sfriend'sdeath.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了安东尼奥在潜水时遇到危险，凭借自己超强的求生欲，等到了救援，最后得以生存的故事。潜

水员彼得为安东尼奥的那种于绝境之中永不放弃生存的希望的精神而感动。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Inthefollowingdiving,unfortunately,hewastrappedwit

hhisfriend,whosharedtheoxygenwithAntoniobutdiedafterwards.Antoniobreathedhardonhismouthpiece,buttherewasnothingleft.H

estartedtoscreamandkeptscreaminguntilhehadnovoice.(在接下来的潜水中，不幸的是，他和他的朋友被困住了，他的朋友和安东尼奥共用氧气，但后来死了。安东尼奥对着他的喉舌用力呼吸，但什么也没有留下。他开始尖叫，一直尖叫到发不

出声音)”可知，安东尼奥和朋友潜水时被困在了水下，朋友死去了，氧气没有了。由此推知，安东尼奥在山洞里感到很害怕。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第三段第一句“Askedforhelp,Peter,achieffrogm

an,begantoplanthenextmorning’soperations,knowinghurriedpreparationwasdeadly.(被要求救援，彼得，一个首席潜水员，开始计划第二天早上行动，因为他知道匆忙的准备是致命的

)”可知，Peter不立刻实施救援是因为仓促救援是帮不上忙的。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。由第四段的“Heforcedhimselfawakebutcouldn'tfeelhisbody.Hewastootiredtofeelscared.(他强迫自己清醒，但却感觉不到自己的身体。他太累了

，根本不感到害怕)”以及“Antoniowastryingtoshareoxygenwithhim,Peterrealized.(安东尼奥正试图和他分享氧气，彼得意识到)”可知，在这种极端情况下，Antonio并没有屈

服。故选A。7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第一段“Doctorssaidhewouldn’thavesurvivedmorethananotherhourinthecave.WhenPeterfinallyclimbedbackintohiscar,hedoub

ledup,sobbing.Hefelthetookpartinamiracle.SomehowanunseenhandthathadguidedAntoniotoatinyairpocketinthecave

guidedhimtheretoo.Whereheshouldhavefounddeath,hehadmetlife.(医生说，他在洞穴里不会再存活超过一个小时。当彼得终于爬回车里时，他弯【下身，抽泣起来。他觉得自己参与了一个奇迹。不知怎么的，一只无形的手引导安东尼

奥到达了洞穴里的一个小气袋，也引导他到了那里。在他应该发现死亡的地方，他遇到了生命)”以及倒数第二段的“Antoniowastryingtoshareoxygenwithhim,Peterrealized.Howunbelievablewasthat,a

fter17hoursinthishole,hismindstillstayedcool!(彼得意识到安东尼奥正努力和他分享氧气。多么难以置信，在这个洞里17个小时后，他的头脑仍然保持冷静！)”可推断，真正让Peter感到感动的是Antonio的那种于绝境之中永不

放弃生存的希望的精神，即“人类生存的渴望”。故选B。CItappearstofitwithmostpeople'sexperience:howChristmasseemstocomearoundquic

kereveryyear?Questionnairesbypsychologistshaveshownalmosteveryonefeelstimeispassingfasternowcomparedtowhentheywerehalforaqua

rterasold.Moststrikingly,lotsofexperimenthaveshownthat,whenolderpeopleareaskedtoguesshowlongthetimeis,orto‘reproduce’thelengthofperio

dsoftime,theyguessashorteramountthanyoungerpeople.In1877,PaulJanetsuggestedtheproportionaltheory,whereachildof10feelsa

yearasI10ofhiswholelifewhileamanof50as1/50,sothesubjectivesenseofthe50-year-oldmanisthat:theseareinsignificantperiodsofti

mewhichgallop.Therearealsobiologicaltheories.Thespeedingupoftimeislinkedtohowourmetabolism(新陈代谢)graduallyslowsdownaswegrowoldenChi

ldren'sheartsbeatfasterthanTheybreathemorequickly.Withtheirbloodflowingmorequickly,theirbodyclocks“cover”moretimewithinthes

paceof24hoursthanoursdoasadults.Ontheotherhand,olderpeoplearelikeclocksthatrunslowerthannormal,sothattheylagbehind,andcove

rlessthan24hours.Inthe1930s,thepsychologistHudsonHoaglandfoundbodytemperaturecausesdifferentperceptionsoftime.Once,whenhe

lookedafterhisillwife,henoticedshecomplainedhe'dbeenawayforalongtimeevenifonlyawayforafewmoments.Therefore,Hoaglandtestedherperceptionoftimeat

differenttemperatures,findingthehigherhertemperature,themoretimeseemedtoslowdownforher,andthatraisingaperson'sbodytemperaturecanslow

downhissenseoftimepassingbyupto20%.Timedoesn'tnecessarilyhavetospeedupaswegetolderthough.Itdependsonhowlive

ourlives,andhowwerelatetoourexperiences.8.Whatdothequestionnairesandexperimentsfind?A.Timenowisshorterthanbefore.B.Agingmakes

peoplethinkslowly.C.Theoldfeeltimefliesfasterthantheyoung.D.Theoldvaluetimemorethanbefore.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gallop"inParagraph2mean?A.Flysw

iftly.B.Pausebriefly.C.Moveslowly.D.Passstably.10.AccordingtoHudsonHoagland,whomayfeeltimegomoreslowl

y?A.Akidwithslowermetabolism.B.Achildwithlowbodytemperature.C.Agrown-upfeelingfreezing.D.Anadultwithahighfevel.11.Whatisthebesttitlefor

thepassage?A.Howtimeflies!B.Toliveafulllife!C.Whytimepassesatdifferentspeeds?D.Howtosavemoretime?【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【

解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在不同年龄阶段、不同身体状况等条件下，各人对时间的快慢感知各不相同。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Questionnairesbypsychologistshaveshownalmosteveryonefeelstim

eispassingfasternowcomparedtowhentheywerehalforaquarterasold.Moststrikingly,lotsofexperimenthaveshownthat,whe

nolderpeopleareaskedtoguesshowlongthetimeis,orto‘reproduce’thelengthofperiodsoftime,theyguessashorteramountthanyoungerpeop

le.”（心理学家的调查问卷显示，现在几乎每个人都感觉时间过得比他们年轻一半或四分之一的时候快。最引人注目的是，许多实验表明，当老年人被要求猜测时间有多长，或者重现时间的长短时，他们猜测的时间比年轻人要短。）可知，调查问卷和实验研究发现，老年人比年轻人觉得时间过得快。故选C项。【9题详解】词句猜测

题。由第二段中的“In1877,PaulJanetsuggestedtheproportionaltheory,whereachildof10feelsayearasI10ofhiswholelifew

hileamanof50as1/50,sothesubjectivesenseofthe50-year-oldmanisthat:theseareinsignificantperiodsoftimewhic

hgallop.”（1877年，PaulJanet提出了比例理论，一个10岁的孩子感觉一年就是他一生中的10岁，而一个50岁的男人感觉一年就是他一生中的1/50，所以这个50岁的男人的主观感觉是：这些都是无关紧要的飞速发展的时期。）可知，10岁的孩子觉得一年是他人生的1/10，而

50岁的人觉得一年是他人生的1/50，所以50岁的人生主观感受是时间都是飞驰而过，转眼即逝的，A项（飞快的）符合题意。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第四段最后一句“Therefore,Hoaglandtestedherp

erceptionoftimeatdifferenttemperatures,findingthehigherhertemperature,themoretimeseemedtoslowdownforher,andthatraisingaperson'sbodytemperaturecanslo

wdownhissenseoftimepassingbyupto20%.”（因此，Hoagland测试了她在不同温度下对时间的感知，发现她的体温越高，时间对她来说似乎越慢，而提高一个人的体温可以减缓他对时间流逝的感觉高达20%。）可推

出，当一个人发烧温度升高（比如发烧）的时候，感觉时间过得慢。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通观全文，文章介绍了在不同情况下，人与人所感知的时间快慢不同，比如不同年龄，不同身体状况等。C项“为什么时间以不同速度流逝？”符合题意，适合做

标题。故选C项。DChickenisAmerica’smostpopularmeat.Manypeopleassumechickenfollowsasimplerule-of-thumb:Pinkchicken

turnedwhitemeans“done.”It’ssimilartohowwecookothermeats.Butisthistrue?Tostudyhowcooksathomefollowsafetyrecommendations,researchersfilmed75h

ouseholdsinfiveEuropeancountries.Fromarandombutnonrepresentativesample,theyalsoconductedanonlinesurveyofnearly4,000ho

useholdsinthesamecountriesthatsaytheycookchicken.Worriedthatchickenwoulddryout,mosthomecooksdetermineddonenessbyco

lorandtexture(口感)insidethemeat,theyfound.Fewbotheredwiththermometers(温度计),claimingtheytooktoomuchtime,weretoocomplicatedtouse,didn’t

fitinthechickenorweren’tnecessary(althougheasy-to-usethermometersareinexpensiveandwidelyavailable).Inad

ditionallabexperiments,thescientistsinjectedrawchickenbreastwithbacteria(细菌),whichcausemillionsofsicknesses,thousandsofhospitalizations

andhundredsofdeathseachyearintheUnitedStates.Theycookedthebreastsuntiltheyreachedcoretemperaturesrangingfrom122to158Fah

renheit,andtheydiscoveredsomethingsurprising.At158degrees,butnotlower,bacteriainsidethechickens’coreswasre

ducedtosafelevels,andwhencutopenitsfleshappeareddullandfibrous,notshinylikerawchicken.Butmeatbeganchangingfrompinktowhitefarb

elowthis,andmostcolorchangeoccurredbelow131degreesFahrenheit.Sometimes,thechicken’scorewouldbesafelycooke

d,butunsafelevelsofbacteriastillexistedonsurfacesthathadn’ttouchedthegrillplate.Sowhatareyousupposedtodo?Dr.BrunoGoussault,ascientistandchef

,recommendsbuyingandcookingbreastsandlegsseparately.Bringthebreast’scoreto165degreesFahrenheit,hesaid,andthelegtobetwe

en168.8and172.4Fahrenheit.Ifyoureallywanttosafelymeasuretemperatureforawholechicken,insertapop-upthermometerintothethi

ckestpartofthelegbeforeroastingit,Dr.Goussaultsuggests.Bythetimeitpops,thebreastswillhavelongcooked.Theywilllikelybedryandfarfromhisstand

ardsofculinary(烹饪的)perfection.Butyou’llbesureto,asDr.GoussaultsaysinFrench,“dormirsursesdeuxoreilles,”or,figuratively,“sleeppeacefull

y.”12.Whydidn’thomecooksmeasuretemperaturewithathermometer?A.Theycouldnotaffordit.B.Itaffectedthetasteofthemeat.C

.Itwasnotavailableinsupermarkets.D.Theythoughtitwastoomuchtrouble.13.Inlabexperiments,whenthetemperature

reached158Fahrenheit,themeat.A.wasfreeofbacteriaB.stillremainedpinkC.appearedtodryoutD.wasreducedinsize14.Wha

tcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Themeatdoesnottastebestwhenbacteriafree.BThelegbecomesfullycookedbeforethebreast.C.Awholechickenrequi

resahighertemperature.D.Thethermometershouldbeplacedinsidethebreast.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Foodsafety.B.Simplelifestyle.C.Cookingskills.D

.Kitchenequipment.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章通过描述科学家所做的鸡胸和鸡腿的烹饪温度的测量实验，说明如何烹饪鸡肉才是安全的。【12题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段Fewbotheredwiththermo

meters(温度计),claimingtheytooktoomuchtime,weretoocomplicatedtouse,didn’tfitinthechickenorweren’tnecessary.很少有人为温度计费心，宣称他们花费了太多的时间，太复杂而不能使用，不适合鸡肉也没必要。可

知，人们会觉得用温度计比较麻烦，与选项D内容相符，故选D项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段At158degrees,butnotlower,bacteriainsidethechickens’coreswasreducedtosafelevels,andwhencutopenits

fleshappeareddullandfibrous,notshinylikerawchicken.在158度时，但不是更低，鸡核心的细菌降到了安全水平，当被切开时，鸡肉显得枯燥和纤维状，不像生鸡肉肉质那么光滑。可知，到.了158度时，鸡肉会显得干燥和纤维状，与选

项C内容相符，故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段Bringthebreast’scoreto165degreesFahrenheit,hesaid,andthelegtobetween168.8and172.4Fahrenh

eit.鸡胸的核心温度要达到165度，他说，鸡腿的温度要达到168.8度和172.4度之间。和Theywilllikelybedryandfarfromhisstandardsofculinary(烹饪的)perfection.他们可能会干燥，而且与完美的烹饪标准也相去甚远。可知，鸡胸

和鸡腿的安全烹饪温度分别为165度，168.8度和172.4度之间，这时细菌几乎被杀死了，所以食用是比较安全的，但此时口感和味道却不那么好了。与选项A内容相符，故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段Tostudyhowcooksathomefollowsafetyrecommenda

tions,researchersfilmed75householdsinfiveEuropeancountries.为了研究在家烹饪如何遵守安全的建议，研究者们在5个欧洲国家拍摄了75个家庭的烹饪情况。可知，

文章讲述的是在家烹饪时的食品安全问题，与选项A内容相符，故选A项。【点睛】主旨大意题是阅读理解的常见题型，做这类题时，一般会有如下思路：1.关注首段或是最后一段，这两个位置往往会有体现文章主旨的句子。2.如没有主旨句，要通读全文，自己概括出文章大意。例如

小题4就依据第一个思路，由第一段Tostudyhowcooksathomefollowsafetyrecommendations,researchersfilmed75householdsinfiveEurop

eancountries.为了研究在家烹饪如何遵守安全的建议，研究者们在5个欧洲国家拍摄了75个家庭的烹饪情况。再结合文章的描述，可知本文讲述的是在家烹饪时食品安全的问题，故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文

,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyoueverbeenlabeled“perfectionist”?Ordoyouconsideryourselftobeone?It’sinvitingtoseeperfectionismasadesirable

orpositivequality.____16____Healthyperfectionistswanttodeveloptheirskillscontinually.Theirstandardsarea

lwaysrising,andtheyapproachworkwithoptimism,pleasureandadesiretoimprove.Unhealthyperfectionists,however,areneversatisfiedwithwhattheyachieve.____17__

__Theymayexperiencefearoffailure,anxietyandotherpainfulemotions.____18____Accordingtoa2011research,perfectioni

smislinkedtohealthissuessuchaseatingdisordersanddepression.Perfectionismcanalsoseriouslyimpactyourcreativity.Thisisbecauseperfectionis

mcanpreventyoufromleavingyourcomfortzoneandtakingrisks.____19____Youmayavoidstartinganewprojectuntilyou’vefoundtheb

estwaytoapproachit.Youmightalsogetcaughtupinminordetailsorrepeattasksthathavealreadybeencompleted.Asaresult,thiswastestimethatcouldhavebee

nspentonmoreimportanttasks.Ifyouthinkthatyouhaveaproblemwithperfectionism,startbysettingrealisticgoals.Thinkaboutyourmostimportantlifea

ndcareergoals.____20____Notonlywillthismakeiteasiertoreachyourobjectives,butyou’llalsoexperiencethet

hrillofachievingthesesmallergoals.PerhapsTheodoreRooseveltsaiditbest—“Dowhatyoucan,withwhatyouhave,whereyouare.”Acceptthatthisisth

ebestyoucandoanddon’ttryandmakeupsomeperfectworld.A.Itmayalsoleadtoself-criticism.B.Ifsomethingisn’tperfect,theyrefuseit.C.

Perfectionismcandamageyourproductivity,too.D.Then,breakthemdownintomonthlyoryearlysteps.E.Infact,severeperfectionismcandomoreharmthangood.F.Its

howsthatyouhaveagoalandarenotafraidtopushyourself.G.Whenperfectionismgetsoutofcontrol,itcanharmyouinm

anyaspects.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了完美主义的缺点和补救措施。【16题详解】根据前文“Haveyoueverbeenlabeled

“perfectionist”?Ordoyouconsideryourselftobeone?It’sinvitingtoseeperfectionismasadesirableorpositivequality.（你是否曾被贴上“完美主义者”的标签?还是你认为

自己就是其中之一?把完美主义看成是可取的或积极的品质。）”可知，上文是描述大家误认为完美主义是优秀的品质，空格是引出本文的观点，介绍完美主义的弊端。E选项“Infact,severeperfectionismcandomoreharmthangood

.（事实上，严重的完美主义弊大于利。）”符合题意，故选E。【17题详解】根据前文“Unhealthyperfectionists,however,areneversatisfiedwithwhattheyachieve.（然而，不健康的完美主

义者从不满足于他们所取得的成就。）”可知，本句是描述不健康的完美主义的表现。B选项“Ifsomethingisn’tperfect,theyrefuseit.（如果事情不完美，他们会拒绝。）”符合题意，故选B。【18题详解】根据后文“Acco

rdingtoa2011research,perfectionismislinkedtohealthissuessuchaseatingdisordersanddepression.Perfectionismcanalsoseriouslyimpactyourcr

eativity.（根据2011年的一项研究，完美主义与饮食失调和抑郁等健康问题有关。完美主义也会严重影响你的创造力。）”可知，本段介绍的是完美主义的危害。G选项“Whenperfectionismgetsoutofcontrol,itcanharmyouinmanyaspects.（当完

美主义失去控制时，它会在很多方面伤害你。）”符合题意，故选G。【19题详解】根据后文“Asaresult,thiswastestimethatcouldhavebeenspentonmoreimportanttask

s.（因此，这浪费了本可以花在更重要任务上的时间。）”可知，本段介绍的是完美主义会将降低工作的效率。C选项“Perfectionismcandamageyourproductivity,too.（完美主义也会损害你的效率。）”符合题意，故选C。【20题详解】

根据后文“Notonlywillthismakeiteasiertoreachyourobjectives,butyou’llalsoexperiencethethrillofachievingthesesmaller

goals.（这不仅会让你更容易实现目标，而且你也会体验到实现这些小目标的刺激。）”可知，这里介绍的是将大目标拆解为小目标。D选项“Then,breakthemdownintomonthlyoryearlysteps.（然后，把它们分解成每月或每年的步骤。）”符

合题意，故选D。第二部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。MywifeandIwer

eattendingaweddingatSt.John’sChurch.Thesoundof____21____rangtotheheavensastheceremonycontinued.Atthechurch,I____22____anoldfriend,Casper,whoh

appenedtobeatthe____23____.Now73,Casperwasabrilliantandtalentedsoftballpitcher(投球手)backintheMen’sLeaguesofPhiladelphiainthemid-60s.Ididnot____24___

_thenowsilver-hairedfellowuntilmybrother-in-lawJohnmentionedhisnametome!Afteraverypleasant____25____,C

asperaskedifIrememberedaletterof____26____Ihadwrittentohimbackin1964.ItappearedthatCasperfellonhardtimes,asprofessionalpitchers____27____

do,andhewasn’tpitchingtoowellforaperiodoftime.Ididnotremembertheletter,buthesaid,“Yes,Istillhaveit,andIrea

ditanytime____28____aren’tgoingtoowell.”Hesaidthathehadreadthelettermanytimes,andthesituationalwaysseemedtoimprove.

Iwaspuzzledandspeechless!Hecontinued,“Youdon’tremember?”Isaid,“Sadly,no,Idon’t.”ButIdidaskifIcouldhavea(n)____29____oftheletter.Hesaidhewouldemailit

tome.Afterthe______30______,wemetonthestepsofthechurch.Caspercameuptomeand______31______theletter.Helivedablockfromthe______32____

__andhadrunhometogetit.Theenvelopewasfadedandturnedyellow,andsowastheletterinside.Thatletterhadtobenearly50ye

arsold.In______33______terms,theletterread:“Thesehardtimesare______34______!Keepyourenthusiasmforthegame.Neverquitandyou’llbebackontop

again______35______.Hangonthere!”21.A.musicB.windC.trafficD.fireworks22.A.tookoverB.ranintoC.pickedupD.calledon23.A.meetingB.serviceC.scene

D.position24.A.inviteB.disturbC.recognizeD.inform25.A.discussionB.shakingC.journeyD.greeting26.A.encouragementB.appreciationC.apologyD.in

troduction27.A.sometimesB.entirelyC.rarelyD.forever28.A.jobsB.thingsC.stagesD.effects29.A.addressB.copyC.recordD.opinion30.A.part

yB.breakC.weddingD.incident31.A.droppedB.deliveredC.openedD.presented32.A.theatreB.churchC.officeD.station33.A.gentleB.patientC.modestD.simple34.A.re

asonableB.relativeC.temporaryD.impressive35.A.casuallyB.properlyC.totallyD.shortly【答案】21.A22.B23.C24.C25.D

26.A27.A28.B29.B30.C31.D32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者多年前一封鼓励信，让一位处于困难时期的友人走出困境。多年后，作者已然记不清写过这封信，但

是友人还是把信保存完好。本文表明精神上的鼓励能给人巨大的能量。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当仪式继续时，音乐声响彻天空。A.music音乐；B.wind风；C.traffic交通；D.fireworks烟花。根据前文“MywifeandIwereat

tendingaweddingatSt.John’sChurch.(我和妻子去圣约翰教堂参加婚礼。)”及常识可知西方婚礼进行时，一般伴随着音乐。故选A。【22题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在教堂，我遇到了一个老朋友，卡斯珀，他碰巧在现场。A.

tookover接管；B.raninto偶然遇见；C.pickedup拾起，接某人，好转，偶然学会；D.calledon号召，呼吁。根据下文“anoldfriend,Casper,”及语境可知作者是偶然

遇见一位老朋友。故选B。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在教堂，我遇到了一个老朋友，卡斯珀，他碰巧在现场。A.meeting会议；B.service服务；C.scene场景；D.position位置。根据上文“atSt.John’sChurch

”可知作者和Casper都在教堂，atthescene意为：在现场。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到我的姐夫约翰向我提到他的名字，我才认出这个满头银发的家伙!A.invite邀请；B.disturb打扰；C.recognize认识，辨别出；D.inform通知。根据下文“unt

ilmybrother-in-lawJohnmentionedhisnametome”及语境可知作者刚开始没有认出卡斯珀。故选C。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次非常愉快的问候之后，卡斯珀问我是否记得我在1964年写给他的一封鼓励信。A.discussion讨论；B.shaking摇

晃；震动；C.journey旅程；D.greeting问候，招呼。根据语境可知两个很久没见的人见面，自然先是一些问候的话语。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一次非常愉快的问候之后，卡斯珀问我是否记得我在1964年写给他的一封鼓励信。A.encouragement鼓励；B.appr

eciation欣赏，感激；C.apology道歉；D.introduction介绍。根据下文“ItappearedthatCasperfellonhardtimes,”及文章的最后一段可知这封信是在困难时刻作者写给卡斯珀的信，他保存到现

在，可知这是一封鼓励信。故选A。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡斯珀似乎陷入了困难时期，就像职业投手有时会做的那样，他有一段时间投球不太好。A.sometimes有时；B.entirely完全地；C.rarely罕见

地；D.forever永远。根据上文“ItappearedthatCasperfellonhardtimes,”及语境可知卡斯珀似乎陷入了困难时期，有时投球表现不好。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不记得那封信了

，但他说：“是的，我还保留着它，每当事情不太顺利的时候，我就会读它。”。A.jobs工作；B.things事情；C.stages阶段，舞台；D.effects影响，效果。根据上文“Istillhaveit,andIr

eaditanytime”及语境可知每当事情不太顺利的时候，卡斯珀就会读这封信。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我确实问过我是否可以有一份这封信的副本。A.address地址；B.copy复印件，一份；C.record记录，记载；D.opinio

n观点。根据下文“Hesaidhewouldemailittome.(他说他会用邮件发给我。)”可知此处指作者要信件的副本。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：婚礼后，我们在教堂的台阶上相遇。A.party宴会；B.break裂缝，缺口；C.wedding婚礼；

D.incident事件，事故。根据前文“attendingaweddingatSt.John’sChurch”可知此处指婚礼结束后。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：卡斯珀走到我面前，把信递给我。A.dropped落下，投下，减少；B.delive

red递送，接生；C.opened打开；D.presented介绍，赠送，呈现。根据下句“hadrunhometogetit.”可知卡斯珀走向我，并把这封信呈现给我。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他住在离教堂一个街区远的地方，所以跑回家去取。A.theatre剧院；

B.church教堂；C.office办公室；D.station站。根据前文可知作者和卡斯珀是在教堂参加婚礼遇见的，由此可推知卡斯珀住在离教堂一个街区远的地方。故选B。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：简而言之，信中写道：“这些

艰难时刻是暂时的!”保持你对比赛的热情。不要放弃，你很快就会再次回到巅峰。待在那儿!”A.gentle温和的，文雅的；B.patient耐心的；C.modest谦虚的；D.simple简单的。根据语境可知此处是对信的内容的简单概括

。词组insimpleterms意为：简单来说，用简单的语言。故选D。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.reasonable合理的；B.relative相关的；C.temporary暂时的；D.impressive使人印象深刻的。根据上文“andIreaditanytime____

8____aren’tgoingtoowell.”可知，这封信鼓励了卡斯珀，可推断这里说的是：困难是暂时的。故选C。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.casually偶然的，未经考虑的；B.properly恰当地；C.total

ly完全地；D.shortly马上，立刻，扼要地。根据语境可知只要不放弃，很快就会再次回到巅峰。故选D。第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分,满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inastudyof33yearsoftrendsinBodyMassI

ndex(体重指数)across200countries,thescientistsfoundthatpeopleworldwidearegettingheavier____36____thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.BMIi

saninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool____37____givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.Itiscalculatedby

dividinga____38____(person)weightinkgbytheirheightinmeterssquared.andaBMIofbetween19and25____39____(consider)healthy.Thestudyfoundthatb

etween1985and2017,averageruralBMIincreased____40____2.1inwomenandmen.Incities,however,thegain____41____(be)1.3inwomenand

1.6inmen.Theresearchersdescribed“strikingchanges”inthegeographyofBMI.Tn1985，urbanmenandwomeninmorethanthreequartersofthecountries_

___42____(study)hadhigherBMIsthanmenandwomeninruralareas.But30yearslater,theBMIdifferencebetweenurbanandr

uralpeopleinmanycountrieshadnarrowed____43____(sharp).Thismaybeduetosomedisadvantagesforpeople____44____(live)inthecount

ryside,including____45____(low)levelsofincomeandeducation,highercostsofhealthyfoods,andfewersportsfacilities.【答案】36.and37.that##which38.person’s39.is

considered40.by41.was42.studied43.sharply44.living45.lower【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今世界各地的人体重越来越超标，主要是由于农村地区的体重指数（BMI）增加了，并分析了其中的原因

。【36题详解】考查连词。句意：在一项对200个国家33年体重指数趋势的研究中，科学家们发现，世界各地的人们体重越来越重，而这主要是由于农村地区体重指数的增加。分析句子结构可知，thatpeoplewo

rldwidearegettingheavier和thatmostoftheriseisduetogainsinBMIinruralareas.都是found引导的宾语从句，是并列关系，故填and。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：BMI是一种国际公认的测量工具，它可

以显示一个人的体重是否健康。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词tool，且在从句中做主语，故填that/which。【38题详解】考查名词所有格。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结

构可知，person是修饰weight的，用person的名词所有格person’s。故填person’s。39题详解】考查动词被动语态。句意：它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方，BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的

。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（aBMI）是单数，时态是一般现在时，且主语和consider是表被动关系，故填isconsidered。【【40题详解】考查介词。句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年间，农

村女性和男性的平均BMI增加了2.1。increaseby表示“增加了”；increaseto表示“增加到”。根据正常的成人BMI数值（18.5-23.9）可知，increaseby符合语境，故填by。【41题详解】考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意：然而，在城市中

，女性增加了1.3，男性增加了1.6。分析句子结构可知，句子缺少谓语，主语（gain）是单数，时态是一般过去时，故填was。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1985年，在被研究的国家中，超过四分之三的城市男性和女性的BMIs高于农村地区的男性和女性。分析句子结构可知，句子的谓语是ha

d，所以study用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是countries，表被动关系，应该使用过去分词作定语。故填studied。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：但30年后，许多国家城市和农村人口的BMI差异大幅缩小。分析句子结构可知，sharp是要

修饰动词narrow，用sharp的副词形式sharply。故填sharply。【44题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可

知，句子已有谓语动词maybe，故live用非谓语形式，它的逻辑主语是people，表主动关系，做定语，用现在分词形式，故填living。【45题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能是由于生活在农村的人有一些不利条件，包括较低的收入和教育水平，较高的健康食品成本，以

及较少的体育设施。分析句子结构可知，including说明的是一些不利条件，且后面有higher和fewer，是并列关系，所以low也应该用比较级形式，故填lower。第三部分写作（共两节,满分40分）第一节

（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周你校举办了首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活（WorkCreatesaBetterLife）”。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.活动主题；2.展示内容（烹饪、急救等）；3.活动反响。注意:1.写作词数应为80左右；的2.请在答题卡的相

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_____【答案】Onepossibleversion:TheFirstOnlineLifeSkillsShowInordertoenrichthecampuslife,ourschoolhelditsfirstonlinelifeskillsshow

lastweek.Withthetheme“WorkCreatesaBetterLife”,thisshowdrewstudents’andfacultymembers’wideparticipation.Asrequired,parti

cipantsexhibitedtheirlifeskills,suchascooking,baking,performingfirstaidandsoforth,byvideoingtheirdem

onstrationandpostingavlogonline.Exquisitecuisineandbakedcakes,aswellasprofessionalfirst-aidmeasureshaveleftusadeepimpression.Thisactivitywasinn

ovativeandmeaningful.Notonlydiditconnectustogetherthroughonlineplatforms,(but)italsopromotedourawarenessofmastering

basiclifeskills.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生为校英文报写一篇报道，介绍上周举办的首届生活技能云端展示活动，主题为“劳动创造美好生活（WorkCreatesaBetterLife）”。【详解】1.词汇积累吸引：attract→draw要求：req

uest→require有意义的：significative→meaningful提高：improve→promote2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Withthetheme“WorkCreatesaBetterLife”,t

hisshowdrewstudents’andfacultymembers’wideparticipation.拓展句：Thisshowdrewstudents’andfacultymembers’w

ideparticipation,whosethemeis“WorkCreatesaBetterLife”.【点睛】[高分句型1]Notonlydiditconnectustogetherthroughonlineplatforms,(but)italsopromotedoura

warenessofmasteringbasiclifeskills.（部分倒装句）[高分句型2]Inordertoenrichthecampuslife,ourschoolhelditsfirstonlinelife

skillsshowlastweek.（动词不定式作状语）第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。EmilyWhitewasbornseventeenyearsagowithsomanybirth

problemsinherbody.Someofherorgans,bonesandmuscleswereoutofshape.Nooneexpectedhertosurvive.Shedidmakeitbutwithherstrangebodyfigure,everyonecouldr

ecognizeher,evenfromadistanceInEmilyWhite’shometown,therewasayearlyoutdoorperformanceintheschoolaudit

orium(大礼堂).IthadbeenperformedforsomanyyearsandactuallyhadbecomeoneofthemostimportanteventsoftheChristmasseasonformanyofthetown'sp

eople.Manypeopletriedouteachyearforit,butsomanywereturnedaway,ItcanonlyincludethemostexcellentpeopleinthefieldEmilyhadabeautifulsingingvoice.L

astyearshewenttoMrs.Owens-hermusicteachertoasktojoinintheperformance,Withoutlettinghersing,Mrs.OwenstookalookatAmy'sbodyandsaid,"Child,youjustd

on'tfit.Everyonewouldstareatyouandthatwouldmakeyouuncomfortable.Itwouldmakethemunforgettable.Withoutsingingasinglenot,Emilyw

assentbackthroughthedoorofthechoralroom.Hurtandupset,shedecidednevertotryoutagain.ButMrs.Owensthenreti

red.Thisyear,therecameanewmusicteacher,Mr.Buttler.HeheardaboutEmilyandsuggestedthatshehaveatryEmilyd

idn'twanttoberejectedagain,soshehesitatedalittleaboutit.AsEmilystruggled,thedoorwaspushedopenandMr.Buttlercalled,Emi

ly,you'renext."Althoughkindofnervous,EmilydidasM.Buttlertoldhertodo.Mr.ButtlersatbythepianotokeepEmilycompany-WhenEmi

lyfinishedhertestingperformance,shethankedMrButtlerandknewtheresultwouldbeposted-onthedoorofthechoralroomthenextdayEmilycouldn'tsleepthatnightS

hewassufferingfromthefeelingsthatshedidn'tfitandthegreatneedtoaccepted.Bythenextmorning,herstomachwaseveninp

ainbecauseofstress注意：1.续写词数应为150词左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Para.IThenextday,Emilynervouslyglancedatthelistofthedoorofthechoralroom_____________________

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___Para.2Finally,thedayofperformancecame___________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________【答案】ThenextdayEmilynervouslyglancedatthelistonthedoorofthechoralroom.Shewasnotrejectedthistime.Hernamewaspostedatthet

opofthelist.She,EmilyWhite,waschosentobetheleadingsinger!Shewouldsingaloneintheperformance.Emilycouldn'tbelievehereyes.Theremustbesomemistake.

ButMrButtlersaidtoherwithdeterminedeyes,"Emily,Ichooseyoubecauseyoushouldperformthepart---yourvoiceisunusual.Believeinyourself."Great

lyencouraged,Emilypracticedreallyhard.Finallythedayofperformancecame.Standinginfrontoftheline,Emilyfeltherthroattightandherpalmssweating.Wh

enthecurtainopenedup,theeyesofthewholeaudiencefelluponEmily."EmilyWhite!"Someonewhispered.Then,alongwiththefirstnoteofmusic,Emilybegantos

ingherheartout.Hervoicewaslikeanightingaleringingintheauditorium.Applause!Emilyfeltsohappyandcomforta

ble.Shewasshiningonthestage.EmilyWhite,withsomanybirthproblemsinherbodywasanangel!【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾米莉天生残疾并且体型奇怪，没有人指望她能活下来，但是她做到了。在

埃米莉的家乡，每年都会有一次户外演出在学校礼堂举行，表演者也需要是这个领域的佼佼者。艾米丽拥有一副美妙的歌喉。去年，她去找她的音乐老师欧文斯太太，希望自己可以参加演出，欧文斯太太看了看艾米的身体说她不合适。艾米莉非常的受伤和伤心，她决定再也不参加了。在欧文斯太太退休后，新来了一

位音乐老师，巴特勒先生。他建议她试一试。由于害怕再次的被拒绝，艾米莉很紧张，在等待结果的那天晚上，她失眠了。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“第二天，爱米丽紧张地瞥了一眼合唱室的门的名单”可知，第一段可描写艾米莉内心十分的紧张，在得知自己被选

为主唱，将在演出中独唱时，老师坚定的给与艾米莉肯定，在老师的鼓励下，埃米莉非常努力地练习。②由第二段首句内容“最后，演出的日子到了。”可知，第二段可描写在最初艾米丽感到喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。然而，随着第一

个音符，爱米丽尽情地唱起来，她在舞台上光芒四射。埃米莉·怀特虽然在出生时有很多的问题，但是她却是一个天使。2.续写线索：天生残疾——嗓音独特——希望参加表演——拒绝——再次被鼓励参加——内心挣扎——担任领唱——表演成功——重拾信心3.词汇激活行为类①拒绝

：shakehishead/refusepolitely/turnaway/reject情绪类①.感谢：showinghisappreciation/showhisgratitude/begrateful②.积

极：positiveattitude/actpositively/beencouraged/happyandcomfortable【点睛】[高分句型1].Standinginfrontoftheline,Emilyfeltherthroattightand

herpalmssweating.(运用非谓语动词standing作状语)[高分句型2].Whenthecurtainopenedup,theeyesofthewholeaudiencefelluponEmily."EmilyWhite!"（由when引导的时间状语从句）获

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