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中央民大附中2021—2022学年第二学期年级高三科目英语时长90分钟总分100分第一部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出

最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Iwasthefoolatschool,regardedasaspecialneedsstudent.Iwastermedassuch.Overtime,Istartedtobelieveinmystupidity.

IacceptedthefactthatIwasinspecialneedsclassesandpoureditoutasangeranddepression.Butoneactivity__1__thisviewofmyself:chess.I

startedtoplaychesswithmyfatherafterschoolsimplybecauseIwantedto__2__himatsomething.Myfatherwasasmartman.So,winninginchessagainstmyf

atherwouldbea__3__thatIhadintellectualpower.Onthesmallchessboard,Ihadachancetoovercomemyso-calledinability.Gameaftergame,one

weekend,Ifinallycheckmatedmyfatheronaferryride,whichmademefeel__4__.Twoyearslater,Ijoinedmyschoolchessteam.Therecameachancetoplaya

gainstthebestplayersinotherstates.Mymost__5__gamecameinthefinalround.Itwasactuallyamatchbetweenaspecialneedsstudentandasmartsoul.Myopponentwasplaying

wellandkept__6__whileIkeptdefendingtokeepmykingsafe.Withlittle__7__left,hestartedtomakerapidmoves.__8__hecouldmakethef

inaldecision,heranoutoftime.Honestly,ashisclockflagfell,Ijumpedupoutofmyseatandkissedtheflooroutofexcitement.Ofcourseitwasnotthemostsportsmen-like_

_9__,butIcouldnotcontrolmyemotions.Whileholdingmywinner’scup,IknewIwasnot__10__.Theinferioritycomplexhadmeltedaway,andIrealizedthatunderne

athourthoughts,eachpersonisagenius.1.A.changed2.A.please3.A.dream4.A.overjoyed5.A.terrible6.A.attackingB.supportedB.

comfortB.lessonB.disappointedB.memorableB.smilingC.questionedC.beatC.theoryC.puzzledC.dangerousC.pausingD.showedD.disturbD.signD.i

nterestedD.popularD.escaping7.A.patience8.A.Once9.A.spirit10.A.proudB.timeB.UntilB.thoughtB.stupidC.

energyC.BeforeC.commentC.brightD.wisdomD.UnlessD.behaviorD.lazy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示

词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AAchubbypandawearinganiceshell,theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsmascotBingDwenDwenha

sbecomethebreakoutstaroftheGames,__11__(win)theheartsofathletes,politicians,themediaandsportsfansacrosstheglobe.BingDwenDwe

nsofttoyshavebecomesopopularthatPresidentXiJinpinghasofferedPrinceofMonacoAlbertIIapairofthemascotsa

s__12__(gift).OnSaturday,theprince__13__(receive)afigurineofBingDwenDwenattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing,andasked__14__hecouldhaveasecondo

nebecausehehastwins,accordingtoaChinaCentralTelevisionreport.BThefirstsuccessfulorgantransplantusingapig'shearttoalivinghumanpati

enthastakenplace,leadingtohopesthatoneday"xenotransplantation"(异种器官移植)__15__(become)agame-changer.Inaworld__16__manydesp

eratelyillpeopledieeachdaywaitingontheorgandonorlist,technologythatenableskidneysandheartsgrownfromanimalsourceswouldbeahugebreakthrough.

Advancesingeneticengineeringinthelastfewyearshavebeenpivotalinmakingthisareality.ThegeneeditingtoolCRISPRhasmadeiteasierforscientists__17__

(edit)thegenesofthepig'sheart,makingitlesslikelytoexpressaparticularproteinthatwillleadittoberejectedbythehuma

nbody.BoardinNewYorkCitycreatestheSATandPSATtests.MostAmericanstudentstakethesetests__19__applyingtocollege.T

heorganizationsaiditwillnolongerprovidepapertestsforinternationalstudentsin2023and,ayearlater,forAmericanstud

ents.ThecompanythatproducestheSATsaidTuesdaythetestwillmovetoacomputerversioninfutureyears.Thetestalsowillbeonehour__20__(short)and

giventostudentsonacomputer,theorganizationsaid.However,studentswillstillneedtotakethetestataschoolortestingcenter.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小

题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoalsIntroducenewscientifictopics,especiallythosenottypicallycoveredintraditionalcourse

sinhighschools.Encouragelifelonglearninginscience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.Developsciencereasoningskillsandanunder

standingofthescientificresearchprocess.Preparestudentstofacechallengesofcollege,career,andcontinuingeducation.D

evelopcreativity,buildself-confidence,andpromotefriendshipProgramOverviewTheYSDEprogramusesaproject-basedle

arningmodel.Eachresearchteamconsistsofsixtenth-gradestudents,oneteacher,andonepracticingscientist.Togethertheteaminvestigatesa

nareaofcurrentscientificconcern.Theprogramintegratesin-residenceexperienceswithcontinuingeducationactivitiesconductedinthe

students’andteacher’sschoolsetting.YSDEbeginswithafive-dayresidentialsessioninthecenterwherestudentswilllearn

principlesofscientificinquiry.Eachresearchteamworkswithitsscientisttoplananapproachtoitsproject.SessioninresidenceallowsYSD

Ememberstoparticipateinthemagnificentoutdoornaturallaboratoryprovidedbythesurroundingnationalforests.Thentheteamsreturntotheirhom

einstitutionsandcontinueworkingonresearchprojectsthroughoutthesemester.YSDEconcludeswithafinalsessioninresid

encewhereteamspresenttheirresearch.ProgramFeaturesPhysicalEnvironmentYSDEfacilitiesincludesciencelaboratories,acomputercenter,andartsandmusicst

udios.Theareaprovidesanoutstandingnaturallaboratoryforteachingandexperimentation.Beingseparatedfromtheusualdisturbance

sofcitiesprovidesanurturingatmosphere.Intensive（集中的）,CooperativeLearningTheresidentialpartofYSDEoffersnear“around-the-clock”learningopportu

nitiesinachallengingyetfriendlysetting.Cooperativelearningencouragesteamworkandcooperativeskills,usingscienceasacommonlanguagetoallowstudentstolearn

frompeers,staff,andvisitingexperts.ProfessionalPartnershipsYSDE’srelationshipwithpartnerorganizationshelpscompletetheprogram.Partnerorga

nizationsareselectedandinvitedontheirinterestindevelopingproject-basedlearningactivitiesforstudentsinhighsch

ool.YSDE’spartnershipswithorganizationsliketheCanaanValleyInstituteandtheNationalRadioAstronomyObservatoryprovideuniqueaccesstoworld-cla

ssfacilitiesandhumanresources.FormoreinformationaboutYSDE,pleasevisitourwebsiteatwww.nysf.com,orwritetousat

PostOfficeBox715,Charleston,WV15358-352.21.OneofthepurposesofYSDEisto______.A.provideyoungscientistswithassistanceB.int

roducenewuniversitycoursesC.promotethemodeofsciencethinkingD.encourageeducationresearch22.TheYSDEprogramparticipantswill

_____.A.liveinthecenterthroughoutthesemesterB.spendfivedaysorganizingtheprogramC.doresearchinthenaturalenviron

mentD.presentresearchresultsintheirownschools23.WhatmakestheYSDEprogramspecial?A.Competitivelearningatmosphere.B.Accesstovar

iousphysicalactivities.C.Methodsofacquiringsciencelanguage.D.Supportfromcooperativeorganizations.BThesummerof2016,theshipMVTreasu

resunk,creatinganoilspill.ThirteenhundredtonsoffueloilwereflowingrightinthemiddleoftheAfricanPenguins’habitat.Soontheoilcoveredabout20

,000penguins.Withoutswifthelp,theseabirdswouldhavenochanceforsurvival.VolunteerswereshowingupbythethousandsandIalsotookpartinwha

twasthelargestanimalrescueoperationever.Awarehousewasturnedintoarescuecenternearthehabitatandhundredsofpoolswerebu

ilttoholdabout100oiledbirdseach.Whenwalkingintothecenter,Icouldn’tbelievemyears.Ihadexpectedtowalkintoachorusofhonkingandsquawk

ing(叫声).Instead,thecentersoundedlikealibrary.Thepenguinsweredeadsilent.Myheartachedforthepainfulbirds.Cleaningthemallseemedlikeanimpossibleta

sk.Butwehadtocarryonlikedoctorsinanemergencyroom.Therewasnotimefordoubt.Cleaningoiloffapenguinwasn’teas

y.Evenwithmorethan12,500volunteers,ittookamonthtobatheall20,000birdsatthecenter.Whilevolunteerswerebusybathingtheoiledpenguins,ano

thercrisiswasdeveloping.Oilfromthespillhadstartedmovingnorth.Tensofthousandsofpenguinswereintheoil’spath.Butwealreadyhadourhandsfu

llwith20,000recoveringbirds.Ifanymorebirdswereoiled,wewouldn’thaveenoughresourcestosavethem.Oneresearchercameupwi

thanidea:Whatifthepenguinsweretemporarilymovedoutofharm’sway?Expertsdecidedtohaveatry.Volunteersroundedupthepenguinsandrelea

sedthem500milesaway.Thehopewasthatbythetimetheseabirdsswamhome,theoilwouldbegone.Theplanworked!Another20,000penguinsw

eresaved.Theentirepenguinrescuetookaboutthreemonths.Morethan90%oftheoiledpenguinsweresuccessfullyreturnedtothewild.L

ookingbackontherescue,Iamstillamazedbytheworkofthevolunteers.WhatIcouldhardlybelievewasthatweaccomplishedani

mpossibletask.24.TheAfricanpenguinswereindangerbecauseof________.A.aknockbyashipB.alackofhelpC.achangeofhabitatsD

.aspillofoil25.Whenwalkingintotherescuecenter,theauthorfelt________.A.shockedB.hopeless26.Thecrisiswasendedby________.A.

stoppingtheflowoftheoilC.askingmorevolunteerstohelpC.ambitiousD.inspiredB.cleaningthepollutedhabitatDmovingthepenguinsfromhome27.Theauthormai

nlyintendstotellusthat________.A.unitetomaketheearthpollution-freeC.thefutureofwildlifeisinourhandsB.wherethereisawillthereisawayD.m

anyhandsmakegreatworkCAhandshakeseemstobeanormalgesture.Infact,inthe9thcenturyBC,anancientsiteduringtherulingofShalmaneserIIIclearlyshowstwofig

uresholdinghands.TheIliad,usuallydatedtothe8thcenturyBC,mentionsthattwocharacters"takingeachother'shandsandexpressingtheirloya

lty."Centurieslater,Shakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacters-whoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shaking

handsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatt

hemodernhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfri

ends.ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?AccordingtoauthorTorbjornLu

ndmarkinhisTalesofHiandBye:GreetingandPartingRitualsAroundtheWorld,theproblemcomesindifferingdefinitionsoft

hehandshake.Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace;KingShalmaneserIIIreferredtoarebellioninwhichhesignedatreatywiththeKingo

fBabylon.IntheIliad,DiomedesandGlaucusshookhandswhentheyrealizedtheywereguest-friends,andDiomedesdeclared:“Let'snottrytoki

lleachother."Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardertotrace.AsaDutchsociol

ogistHermanRoodenburg--thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking--wroteinachapterofananthologycalledACul

turalHistoryofGesture,“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues".Oneofthe

earliestclueshecitesisa16th-centuryGermantranslationoftheFrenchwriterRabelais'sGargantuaandPantagruel.WhenonecharactermeetsGargantua,Rabelais

writes,“Hewasgreetedbycountlesshugsandcountlessgooddays."ButaccordingtoRoodenburg,the16th-centuryGermantranslationaddedreferencestoshakinghands.A

popularsayingsuggeststhatCleland'sstatementsagainstbowingwereactuallyawishtogobacktoapotentiallytraditionalmethodofgreetinginEurope.Asthecent

uriesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchical(等级的)waysofgreeting-likebowing.AccordingtoRoodenburg,handshaking

survivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutchtownswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafterdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomade

usofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent'shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.28.Whydoesthea

uthormentionShakespeareinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovethatthehistoryofhandshakingishardtofind.B.Toillustratethathandsha

kingisaveryoldcustom.C.Toshowreadersthathandshakingiscommoninfiction.D.Toexplainthevalueofhandshakingincommunication.29.Whatcanwelearnabouthandsha

kingfromthepassage?A.Theoriginofhandshakingasaformofgreetingiseasytotrace.B.CitizensusuallyshakehandstoshowfriendlinessinHoll

and.C.Itwasusedonlybetweenfriendsandtoreachanagreement.D.Itisacommonpracticebetweenpeopleofdifferentsocia

lpositions.30.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainwhyhandshakingisnotasnormalasitseems.B.Tocomparethedifferencesbetw

eenhandshakingandothergestures.C.Totracethehistoryofthepracticeofhandshaking.D.Toillustratevarioususesofh

andshakingindifferenceareas.DNooneknowswhatthefuturewilllooklike.Newtechnologyandclimatechangemightmaketheworldmorediffer

entthanwecanpossiblyimagine.Sowehadbetterkeepanopenmindandhopeforthebest.Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwi

lllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork—fromprodu

cingyoghurttoteachingyoga.However,thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency.Somebelievethatwithinameredecadeortwo,billionsofpe

oplewillbecomeeconomicallyredundant(多余的).Othersmaintainthateveninthelongrunautomationwillkeepcreatingnewjobsandgreaterp

rosperityforall.Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-fo

undedLuddite(反机械化和自动化的人)hysteria(歇斯底里)?Itishardtosay.Fearsthatautomationwillcreatemassiveunemploymentgobacktothenineteenthcentury,andsofartheyhav

enevermaterialized.SincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,foreveryjoblosttoamachineatleastonenewjobwascr

eated,andtheaveragestandardoflivinghasincreaseddramatically.Yettherearegoodreasonstothinkthatthistim

eitisdifferent,andthatmachinelearningwillbearealgamechanger.Humanshavetwotypesofabilities—physicalandcognitive(认知的

).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyinrawphysicalabilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageovermachinesincognition.Henceasmanualjobsinag

ricultureandindustrywereautomated,newservicejobsemergedthatrequiredthekindofcognitiveskillsonlyhumans

possessed:learning,analyzing,communicatingandaboveallunderstandinghumanemotions.However,AIisnowbeginningto

outperformhumansinmoreandmoreoftheseskills,includingintheunderstandingofhumanemotions.Wedon'tknowofanythirdfieldofactivity—beyo

ndthephysicalandthecognitive—wherehumanswillalwaysmaintainasecureadvantage.ItiscrucialtorealizethattheAIrevolutionisnotjustaboutcomputersgetti

ngfasterandsmarter.Itisfueledbybreakthroughsinthelifesciencesandthesocialsciencesaswell.Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemical

mechanismsthatsupporthumanemotions,desiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeinanalyzinghumanbehavior,predictinghumandecisions,andreplacinghu

mandrivers,bankersandlawyers.Inthelastfewdecades,researchinneuroscienceandbehavioraleconomicsallowedscientiststogainamuchbet

terunderstandingofhowhumansmakedecisions.Itturnedoutthatourchoicesofeverythingfromfoodtomatesresultnotfromsomemysteriousfreewill,butrath

erfrombillionsofneuronscalculatingprobabilitieswithinasplitsecond.Boasting'humanintuition'(直觉)isactuallypatter

nrecognition.31.Thesecondparagraphtellsusabout__________.A.predictionsabouttheroleofmachinelearninginfuturejobmarket.B.thespeedatwhichroboticswillta

ketheplaceofhumanbeings.C.theurgencyofcreatingnewjobswiththehelpofautomation.D.thenatureofapplyingnewtechnologytoeveryline

ofwork.32.Theunderlinedexpressionof“ill-founded”inParagraph3isinclosestmeaningto__________.A.unidentifiedB.badly-managedC.unprovenD

.ill-intended33.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Lackofsecuritymightforcepeopletopicku

pmachinelearningB.ThereispossibilitythatAIcanperformaconsultingroleasapsychologist.C.Theuseofautomationwillma

kehumansmoreneededthaneverbefore.D.Arealgamechangerliesinmakingcomputersbecomefasterandsmarter.34.Whatcanbe

concludedfromthepassage?A.AIrevolutionissimilartotheindustrialrevolutionincausingunemployment.B.Itiscrucialthathumanma

intainanadvantageinthethirdfieldofactivity.C.Theprocessofhumandecisioniscontrolledbyfreewillratherthanneurons.D.Thenatureofprefere

nceatfirstsightistheresultofrecognizingpatterns.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中

有两项为多余选项。Doyoufeelunderpressuretobemorecreativeatwork?___35___Studieshaverecentlyfoundthatcreativityisnowon

eofthetopskillsmostworkplacesarelookingforintheiremployees,astheystruggletodifferentiatethemselvesinanincreasinglycompetiti

veworld.___36___Afterall,asmanyemployeesquietlyadmitduringtrainingworkshops:“Notallofuscanpaintordraw.”Thegoodnewsisthatcreativi

tycomesinallsortsofforms.Themostcommontypeofcreativityissimplyallowingourbrainsthespacetoimaginedifferentconnections,patternsandpos

sibilities.Buthowcanyouimproveyourcreativityatwork?Herearethreeapproaches:Getcurious.Abigpartofcreativityiscu

riosity.Ithelpsyoutofocusyourattentionasyouexploredynamicmentalsimulationsbasedonpersonalpastexperiences,thoughtsaboutthefutureandexp

lorationofalternativeperspectivesandscenariostothepresent.Useyourcuriositytoexplorewhythingshappen,how

theywork,whatimpacttheyhave.___37___Bewillingtofail.___38___Likewiseiforganizationswishtocultivatecreativity,theyneedtoestablishcultureswher

etheriskoffailureisacceptedaspartofthedeal.Thetruthisthatifyou’renotfailingsomeofthetime,you’renotstretc

hingfarenoughoutsideofyourcomfortzonetokeeplearningandgrowing.Cultivatepositiveemotions.Positiveemotion

s—suchasgratitude,compassion,joy,andinspiration—havebeenfoundtohelpyoubroadenyourthinking.___39___Tocultivatemorepositiveemotio

nsatwork,youcanpromotehigh-qualityconnectionswithothers,gratitude,kindness,hope,andfindwaystomakethemostofyourstrengths.A.Peo

plecanmanagetheirownemotionsbetter.B.Behindeverycreativegeniusarestoriesoffailure.C.Ifyou’renoddingyourhead,you’reingoodcompany.D.Askquestionswithou

tfearingthatyouwillappearstupid.E.Wegraduallyloseourcuriosityandrelymoreonourexperience.F.Butdoyoueversecretlyworrythatyoulacktheartistic

talentforcreativity?G.Also,theycanbuildyourcapacitytoseemorepossibilitiesandthinkmorecreatively.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

40.Whyaresomepeopleagainstcompetition?41.Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythepeoplewhodesiretofail?42.Pleased

ecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Wecandiscoveranewmeaningincompetitionwhenwebelieve

thatone’sself-respectdependsonhowwelloneperformincompetition.43.Whatisyourunderstandingofthemeaningofcompe

tition?(about40words)第二节书面表达（20分）你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim在学习中国诗词，对“故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州”一句感到不解，他发来邮件向你咨询。请你给他回

复邮件，内容包括：1．解释诗句；2．介绍国内一处适宜在春季观光旅游的地方。注意：1．词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：黄鹤楼YellowCraneTowerDearJim,Yours,LiHua获得更多资源请扫码加

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