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中央民大附中2021—2022学年第二学期年级高三科目英语时长90分钟总分100分第一部分：知识运用（共两节，共30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并

在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Iwasthefoolatschool,regardedasaspecialneedsstudent.Iwastermedassuch.Overtime,Istartedtobelieveinmystupidity.IacceptedthefactthatIwasinspe

cialneedsclassesandpoureditoutasangeranddepression.Butoneactivity__1__thisviewofmyself:chess.Istartedtoplayches

swithmyfatherafterschoolsimplybecauseIwantedto__2__himatsomething.Myfatherwasasmartman.So,winninginchessagainstmyfatherwouldbea__3_

_thatIhadintellectualpower.Onthesmallchessboard,Ihadachancetoovercomemyso-calledinability.Gameaftergame,one

weekend,Ifinallycheckmatedmyfatheronaferryride,whichmademefeel__4__.Twoyearslater,Ijoinedmyschoolchessteam.Therecameachancetoplayag

ainstthebestplayersinotherstates.Mymost__5__gamecameinthefinalround.Itwasactuallyamatchbetweenaspecialneedsstudentandasmartsoul.Myopponentwasplaying

wellandkept__6__whileIkeptdefendingtokeepmykingsafe.Withlittle__7__left,hestartedtomakerapidmoves.__8_

_hecouldmakethefinaldecision,heranoutoftime.Honestly,ashisclockflagfell,Ijumpedupoutofmyseatandkissedthefloorou

tofexcitement.Ofcourseitwasnotthemostsportsmen-like__9__,butIcouldnotcontrolmyemotions.Whileholdingmywinner’scup,IknewIwasnot__10__.Theinf

erioritycomplexhadmeltedaway,andIrealizedthatunderneathourthoughts,eachpersonisagenius.1.A.changed2.A.please

3.A.dream4.A.overjoyed5.A.terrible6.A.attackingB.supportedB.comfortB.lessonB.disappointedB.memorableB.smilingC.

questionedC.beatC.theoryC.puzzledC.dangerousC.pausingD.showedD.disturbD.signD.interestedD.popularD.escap

ing7.A.patience8.A.Once9.A.spirit10.A.proudB.timeB.UntilB.thoughtB.stupidC.energyC.BeforeC.commentC.brightD.wisdomD.UnlessD.behavior

D.lazy第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

AAchubbypandawearinganiceshell,theBeijing2022WinterOlympicsmascotBingDwenDwenhasbecomethebreakoutstaroftheGames,__11__(win)th

eheartsofathletes,politicians,themediaandsportsfansacrosstheglobe.BingDwenDwensofttoyshavebecomesopopularthatPresidentXiJinping

hasofferedPrinceofMonacoAlbertIIapairofthemascotsas__12__(gift).OnSaturday,theprince__13__(receive)afi

gurineofBingDwenDwenattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing,andasked__14__hecouldhaveasecondonebecausehehastwins,accordingtoaChinaCen

tralTelevisionreport.BThefirstsuccessfulorgantransplantusingapig'shearttoalivinghumanpatienthastakenplace,leadingtohopesthaton

eday"xenotransplantation"(异种器官移植)__15__(become)agame-changer.Inaworld__16__manydesperatelyillpeopledieeac

hdaywaitingontheorgandonorlist,technologythatenableskidneysandheartsgrownfromanimalsourceswouldbeahugeb

reakthrough.Advancesingeneticengineeringinthelastfewyearshavebeenpivotalinmakingthisareality.ThegeneeditingtoolCRISPRhasmadeitea

sierforscientists__17__(edit)thegenesofthepig'sheart,makingitlesslikelytoexpressaparticularproteinthatwillle

adittoberejectedbythehumanbody.BoardinNewYorkCitycreatestheSATandPSATtests.MostAmericanstudentstakethesetests

__19__applyingtocollege.Theorganizationsaiditwillnolongerprovidepapertestsforinternationalstudentsin2023

and,ayearlater,forAmericanstudents.ThecompanythatproducestheSATsaidTuesdaythetestwillmovetoacomputerversioninfutureyears.Thetesta

lsowillbeonehour__20__(short)andgiventostudentsonacomputer,theorganizationsaid.However,studentswillstillneedtotakethetestataschoolortest

ingcenter.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGoalsIntroducenewscientifictopi

cs,especiallythosenottypicallycoveredintraditionalcoursesinhighschools.Encouragelifelonglearninginsc

ience,technology,engineering,andmathematics.Developsciencereasoningskillsandanunderstandingofthescientificresearchprocess.Preparestudentsto

facechallengesofcollege,career,andcontinuingeducation.Developcreativity,buildself-confidence,andpromotefriendshipProgramOverv

iewTheYSDEprogramusesaproject-basedlearningmodel.Eachresearchteamconsistsofsixtenth-gradestudents,oneteacher,andonepractici

ngscientist.Togethertheteaminvestigatesanareaofcurrentscientificconcern.Theprogramintegratesin-residenceexperienceswithcontinuin

geducationactivitiesconductedinthestudents’andteacher’sschoolsetting.YSDEbeginswithafive-dayresidentialsess

ioninthecenterwherestudentswilllearnprinciplesofscientificinquiry.Eachresearchteamworkswithitsscientisttoplananapproachtoitspro

ject.SessioninresidenceallowsYSDEmemberstoparticipateinthemagnificentoutdoornaturallaboratoryprovidedbythesurroundingnationalfore

sts.Thentheteamsreturntotheirhomeinstitutionsandcontinueworkingonresearchprojectsthroughoutthesemester.YSDEconcludeswithafinalsessioninresidencewh

ereteamspresenttheirresearch.ProgramFeaturesPhysicalEnvironmentYSDEfacilitiesincludesciencelaboratories,ac

omputercenter,andartsandmusicstudios.Theareaprovidesanoutstandingnaturallaboratoryforteachingandexperimentation.Beingseparatedfromtheusualdis

turbancesofcitiesprovidesanurturingatmosphere.Intensive（集中的）,CooperativeLearningTheresidentialpartofYSDEoffersnear“around-the-cloc

k”learningopportunitiesinachallengingyetfriendlysetting.Cooperativelearningencouragesteamworkandcooperativeskills,usingscienceasa

commonlanguagetoallowstudentstolearnfrompeers,staff,andvisitingexperts.ProfessionalPartnershipsYSDE’srelationshipwithpartnerorganizationshelpscomplet

etheprogram.Partnerorganizationsareselectedandinvitedontheirinterestindevelopingproject-basedlearningactivitiesforstudentsinhighschool.YS

DE’spartnershipswithorganizationsliketheCanaanValleyInstituteandtheNationalRadioAstronomyObservatoryprovi

deuniqueaccesstoworld-classfacilitiesandhumanresources.FormoreinformationaboutYSDE,pleasevisitourwebsiteatwww.nysf.com,orwrite

tousatPostOfficeBox715,Charleston,WV15358-352.21.OneofthepurposesofYSDEisto______.A.provideyoungscientistswit

hassistanceB.introducenewuniversitycoursesC.promotethemodeofsciencethinkingD.encourageeducationresearch22.TheYS

DEprogramparticipantswill_____.A.liveinthecenterthroughoutthesemesterB.spendfivedaysorganizingtheprogramC.doresearchinthenaturalenvir

onmentD.presentresearchresultsintheirownschools23.WhatmakestheYSDEprogramspecial?A.Competitivelearningatmosph

ere.B.Accesstovariousphysicalactivities.C.Methodsofacquiringsciencelanguage.D.Supportfromcooperative

organizations.BThesummerof2016,theshipMVTreasuresunk,creatinganoilspill.Thirteenhundredtonsoffueloilwereflowingrightint

hemiddleoftheAfricanPenguins’habitat.Soontheoilcoveredabout20,000penguins.Withoutswifthelp,theseabirdswouldhavenochanceforsurvi

val.VolunteerswereshowingupbythethousandsandIalsotookpartinwhatwasthelargestanimalrescueoperationever.Awareho

usewasturnedintoarescuecenternearthehabitatandhundredsofpoolswerebuilttoholdabout100oiledbirdseach.Whenwalkingintothecenter,Icouldn’tbelievemyears

.Ihadexpectedtowalkintoachorusofhonkingandsquawking(叫声).Instead,thecentersoundedlikealibrary.Thepenguinsweredeadsilen

t.Myheartachedforthepainfulbirds.Cleaningthemallseemedlikeanimpossibletask.Butwehadtocarryonlikedoctorsinanemergencyroom.Therewasnotimefo

rdoubt.Cleaningoiloffapenguinwasn’teasy.Evenwithmorethan12,500volunteers,ittookamonthtobatheall20,000birdsatthecenter.Whilevolunteerswerebusybathin

gtheoiledpenguins,anothercrisiswasdeveloping.Oilfromthespillhadstartedmovingnorth.Tensofthousandsofpenguinswereintheoil’spath.Butwealrea

dyhadourhandsfullwith20,000recoveringbirds.Ifanymorebirdswereoiled,wewouldn’thaveenoughresourcestosavethem.Oneresearchercameupwithanidea

:Whatifthepenguinsweretemporarilymovedoutofharm’sway?Expertsdecidedtohaveatry.Volunteersroundedupthep

enguinsandreleasedthem500milesaway.Thehopewasthatbythetimetheseabirdsswamhome,theoilwouldbegone.Theplanworked!Another20,000penguinsweresaved.T

heentirepenguinrescuetookaboutthreemonths.Morethan90%oftheoiledpenguinsweresuccessfullyreturnedtothewild.Lookingbackontherescue,Iamstillamazedby

theworkofthevolunteers.WhatIcouldhardlybelievewasthatweaccomplishedanimpossibletask.24.TheAfricanpenguinswereindangerbecauseof________.A.aknock

byashipB.alackofhelpC.achangeofhabitatsD.aspillofoil25.Whenwalkingintotherescuecenter,theauthorfelt________.A.shockedB.hopeless26.Thecrisiswasended

by________.A.stoppingtheflowoftheoilC.askingmorevolunteerstohelpC.ambitiousD.inspiredB.cleaningthepoll

utedhabitatDmovingthepenguinsfromhome27.Theauthormainlyintendstotellusthat________.A.unitetomaketheear

thpollution-freeC.thefutureofwildlifeisinourhandsB.wherethereisawillthereisawayD.manyhandsmakegreatworkCAhandshakeseemstobeanormalgesture.Infact,int

he9thcenturyBC,anancientsiteduringtherulingofShalmaneserIIIclearlyshowstwofiguresholdinghands.TheIli

ad,usuallydatedtothe8thcenturyBC,mentionsthattwocharacters"takingeachother'shandsandexpressingtheirloyalty."Centuriesl

ater,Shakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacters-whoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoseroot

shavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatthemodernhandshakedidnotappearuntilthe

middleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.ButwhatifShak

espearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?AccordingtoauthorTorbjornLundmarkinhisTalesofHiandBye:GreetingandPartin

gRitualsAroundtheWorld,theproblemcomesindifferingdefinitionsofthehandshake.Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace;KingShalma

neserIIIreferredtoarebellioninwhichhesignedatreatywiththeKingofBabylon.IntheIliad,DiomedesandGlaucusshookhandswhentheyrealizedtheywereguest-f

riends,andDiomedesdeclared:“Let'snottrytokilleachother."Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.

Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardertotrace.AsaDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg--thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking--wrotei

nachapterofananthologycalledACulturalHistoryofGesture,“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestu

reisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues".Oneoftheearliestclueshecitesisa16th-centuryGermantranslati

onoftheFrenchwriterRabelais'sGargantuaandPantagruel.WhenonecharactermeetsGargantua,Rabelaiswrites,“Hew

asgreetedbycountlesshugsandcountlessgooddays."ButaccordingtoRoodenburg,the16th-centuryGermantranslationaddedreferences

toshakinghands.ApopularsayingsuggeststhatCleland'sstatementsagainstbowingwereactuallyawishtogobacktoapotenti

allytraditionalmethodofgreetinginEurope.Asthecenturiesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchical(等级的)waysofgreeting-

likebowing.AccordingtoRoodenburg,handshakingsurvivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutchtownswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafte

rdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeusofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent'shierarchywasweakened,handshaking

becameacommonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.28.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeareinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovet

hatthehistoryofhandshakingishardtofind.B.Toillustratethathandshakingisaveryoldcustom.C.Toshowreadersthathandsha

kingiscommoninfiction.D.Toexplainthevalueofhandshakingincommunication.29.Whatcanwelearnabouthandshakingfromthepassage?A.Theorigi

nofhandshakingasaformofgreetingiseasytotrace.B.CitizensusuallyshakehandstoshowfriendlinessinHolland.C.I

twasusedonlybetweenfriendsandtoreachanagreement.D.Itisacommonpracticebetweenpeopleofdifferentsocialpositions.30.Whatisthewritingpurpo

seofthepassage?A.Toexplainwhyhandshakingisnotasnormalasitseems.B.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweenhands

hakingandothergestures.C.Totracethehistoryofthepracticeofhandshaking.D.Toillustratevarioususesofhandshakingindifferenceareas.DNooneknowswhatthefuture

willlooklike.Newtechnologyandclimatechangemightmaketheworldmoredifferentthanwecanpossiblyimagine.Sowehadbetterkeepanopenmindandhopeforthebe

st.Wehavenoideawhatthejobmarketwilllooklikein2050.Itisgenerallyagreedthatmachinelearningandroboticswillchangealmosteverylineofwork—fromprod

ucingyoghurttoteachingyoga.However,thereareconflictingviewsaboutthenatureofthechangeanditsurgency.Somebelievethatwithinameredecadeortwo,bi

llionsofpeoplewillbecomeeconomicallyredundant(多余的).Othersmaintainthateveninthelongrunautomationwillkeepcreatingnewjobsa

ndgreaterprosperityforall.Soareweonanedgeofaterrifyingsuddenchange,oraresuchforecastsyetanotherexampleofill-foundedLuddite

(反机械化和自动化的人)hysteria(歇斯底里)?Itishardtosay.Fearsthatautomationwillcreatemassiveunemploymentgobacktothe

nineteenthcentury,andsofartheyhavenevermaterialized.SincethebeginningoftheIndustrialRevolution,foreveryjoblo

sttoamachineatleastonenewjobwascreated,andtheaveragestandardoflivinghasincreaseddramatically.Yettherearegoodrea

sonstothinkthatthistimeitisdifferent,andthatmachinelearningwillbearealgamechanger.Humanshavetwotypesofabilities—physical

andcognitive(认知的).Inthepast,machinescompetedwithhumansmainlyinrawphysicalabilities,whilehumansstillhadagreatadvantageoverma

chinesincognition.Henceasmanualjobsinagricultureandindustrywereautomated,newservicejobsemergedthatrequiredthekindofcognit

iveskillsonlyhumanspossessed:learning,analyzing,communicatingandaboveallunderstandinghumanemotions.However,AIisnowbeginningto

outperformhumansinmoreandmoreoftheseskills,includingintheunderstandingofhumanemotions.Wedon'tknowofanythirdfieldofactivity—beyondthephysicala

ndthecognitive—wherehumanswillalwaysmaintainasecureadvantage.ItiscrucialtorealizethattheAIrevolutionisnotjustaboutcomputersgettingfastera

ndsmarter.Itisfueledbybreakthroughsinthelifesciencesandthesocialsciencesaswell.Thebetterweunderstandthebiochemicalmechanismsthatsuppor

thumanemotions,desiresandchoices,thebettercomputerscanbecomeinanalyzinghumanbehavior,predictinghumandecisions,andreplacinghumandrivers,bankersandlaw

yers.Inthelastfewdecades,researchinneuroscienceandbehavioraleconomicsallowedscientiststogainamuchbetterunderstandingofhowhumansmakedecisions.I

tturnedoutthatourchoicesofeverythingfromfoodtomatesresultnotfromsomemysteriousfreewill,butratherfrombilli

onsofneuronscalculatingprobabilitieswithinasplitsecond.Boasting'humanintuition'(直觉)isactuallypatternrecognition.31.Thesecondp

aragraphtellsusabout__________.A.predictionsabouttheroleofmachinelearninginfuturejobmarket.B.thespeedatwhichroboticswil

ltaketheplaceofhumanbeings.C.theurgencyofcreatingnewjobswiththehelpofautomation.D.thenatureofapplyingnewtechnologytoeverylineofwork.32.T

heunderlinedexpressionof“ill-founded”inParagraph3isinclosestmeaningto__________.A.unidentifiedB.badly-managedC.unprovenD.ill-intende

d33.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.LackofsecuritymightforcepeopletopickupmachinelearningB.ThereispossibilitythatAIcanperforma

consultingroleasapsychologist.C.Theuseofautomationwillmakehumansmoreneededthaneverbefore.D.Arealgamechang

erliesinmakingcomputersbecomefasterandsmarter.34.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?A.AIrevolutionissimilartotheindustrialrevolutionincausingu

nemployment.B.Itiscrucialthathumanmaintainanadvantageinthethirdfieldofactivity.C.Theprocessofhumandecision

iscontrolledbyfreewillratherthanneurons.D.Thenatureofpreferenceatfirstsightistheresultofrecognizingpa

tterns.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoufeelunderpressuretobemorecrea

tiveatwork?___35___Studieshaverecentlyfoundthatcreativityisnowoneofthetopskillsmostworkplacesarelookingfori

ntheiremployees,astheystruggletodifferentiatethemselvesinanincreasinglycompetitiveworld.___36___Afterall,asmanyem

ployeesquietlyadmitduringtrainingworkshops:“Notallofuscanpaintordraw.”Thegoodnewsisthatcreativitycome

sinallsortsofforms.Themostcommontypeofcreativityissimplyallowingourbrainsthespacetoimaginedifferentconnections,pat

ternsandpossibilities.Buthowcanyouimproveyourcreativityatwork?Herearethreeapproaches:Getcurious.Abigpar

tofcreativityiscuriosity.Ithelpsyoutofocusyourattentionasyouexploredynamicmentalsimulationsbasedonpersonalpastexperiences,thoughtsabout

thefutureandexplorationofalternativeperspectivesandscenariostothepresent.Useyourcuriositytoexplorewhythingshappen,howtheywork,whatimpacttheyhave.___

37___Bewillingtofail.___38___Likewiseiforganizationswishtocultivatecreativity,theyneedtoestablishcultureswhereth

eriskoffailureisacceptedaspartofthedeal.Thetruthisthatifyou’renotfailingsomeofthetime,you’renotstretchingfarenoughoutsi

deofyourcomfortzonetokeeplearningandgrowing.Cultivatepositiveemotions.Positiveemotions—suchasgratitude,com

passion,joy,andinspiration—havebeenfoundtohelpyoubroadenyourthinking.___39___Tocultivatemorepositiveemotionsatwork,youcanpromotehigh-q

ualityconnectionswithothers,gratitude,kindness,hope,andfindwaystomakethemostofyourstrengths.A.Peopleca

nmanagetheirownemotionsbetter.B.Behindeverycreativegeniusarestoriesoffailure.C.Ifyou’renoddingyourhead,you’reingoodcompa

ny.D.Askquestionswithoutfearingthatyouwillappearstupid.E.Wegraduallyloseourcuriosityandrelymoreonourexperience.F.Butdoyoueversecretlyworryth

atyoulacktheartistictalentforcreativity?G.Also,theycanbuildyourcapacitytoseemorepossibilitiesandthinkmorecreatively.第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）40.Whyaresomepe

opleagainstcompetition?41.Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythepeoplewhodesiretofail?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowings

tatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Wecandiscoveranewmeaningincompetitionwhenwebelievethatone’sself-respectdependsonh

owwelloneperformincompetition.43.Whatisyourunderstandingofthemeaningofcompetition?(about40words)第二节书面表达（20分）你是红星中学高

三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim在学习中国诗词，对“故人西辞黄鹤楼，烟花三月下扬州”一句感到不解，他发来邮件向你咨询。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1．解释诗句；2．介绍国内一处适宜在春季观光旅游的地方。注意：1．

词数不少于50；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：黄鹤楼YellowCraneTowerDearJim,Yours,LiHua获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xiangxue100.com获得更多资源请扫码加入享学资源网微信公众号www.xi

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