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考点15--词义猜测之猜测单词的意思--讲考点--胸有成竹【2022年词义猜测之猜测单词的意思考点归纳】考点题型词义猜测之猜测单词的意思阅读理解2022试卷类型设问考点2022·新高考I卷Whatdotheun

derlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?猜测单词的意思2022·全国高考乙卷29.Whatdoes“maintenance”underlinedinparagraph3referto?猜测单词的意思20212021·英语全国甲

卷29.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Safe!Safe!Safe!”probablymean?猜测单词的意思2021年新高考I卷之C篇29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate”meaninthefirstparagraph?猜测单词的意思20

21年全国乙卷之B篇25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“concede”inparagraph3mean?猜测单词的意思20202020·全国新高考I山东卷29.Whatdoestheund

erlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?猜测单词的意思2020年新课标Ⅰ卷之B篇26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂currency＂inparagraph4referto?猜

测单词的意思2020年新课标ⅠI卷之C篇30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“collapsed”inparagraph5probablymean?猜测单词的意思2020年山东卷之D篇23.Wh

atdoestheunderlinedword“beanpoles”inparagraph1referto?猜测单词的意思【2023年高考命题预测】词义猜测之猜测单词的意思考点是高考中的必考点。每年的高考阅读理解中都会有猜测单词的意思

题以考查学生的猜测词义能力。预测在2023高考中，猜测单词的意思会继续在高考阅读理解中呈现。【词义猜测之猜测单词的意思考点指南】规律方法：常见的设问方式：1.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“......”meaninparagraph7?2．Wh

atdoes“......”underlinedinparagraph3referto?3．Theword"......"inparagraph2means_________?4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“......”p

robablymean?规律方法如何解决猜测词义题？此类题目有的可利用构词法来解答，首先要弄明白构词法的三种形式：派生法、转化法和合成法，高考阅读理解题中的猜测词义题主要集中表现为派生和合成两种形式。有的题需要利用上下文的已知部分进行推理

；有的还需要依靠常识和经验来猜测词义；还有的可以根据定义、解释和举例猜测词义。考例分析：C【2022·新高考I卷】Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolooka

ftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善组织)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbein

g.Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductio

nintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“Iusedtokeephenswh

enIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.”“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehenso

utanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.”“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandre

sidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”The

rearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountryw

ide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojec

tandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehapp

ytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivitie

s.”10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve.B.Oppose.C.Begin.D.Evaluate.【答案】10.C【解析】本文是一篇

说明文。主要讲述了旨在减少孤独，改善老年人的健康状况的项目。10.C词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecr

eativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民们非常欢迎该项目的想法和创意会议。我们期待

这个项目能给这里的人们带来好处和乐趣)”以及划线处前的“oneofthefirst(第一批人之一)”可知WendyWilson是着手这项工程的人之一，划线处的含义与C项：“Begin(开始)”含义相近。故选C。【试题精练】1.【海南省琼海市嘉积中学2021-2022学年高三上学期教学质量监测（三

）】Itwas3:34inthemorning.Suddenlythebedmovedalittle.Iwokeup.ThatbedusedtomovealotsoIjustthoughtitwasmywiferollingover.Ilooked

overtoherandshewasfastasleep.SoIthoughtitwasjustanothersmalltremor(轻微地震).WeusedtogetmanysmalltremorsinChile.Butthenever

ythingintheroomstartedmakingnoise.Thetremorgotabitstronger.Mywifewokeup.Iwenttoopenthefrontdoortomakesureitwouldn’tgetstuckwhilemywifewenttoseehow

thekidswere.Theywerestillfastasleep.Igottothefrontdoorandleftitopen.WhenIturnedaroundtogobacktothebedroom,thefullforceoftheearthquakes

tartedtohit.Icouldn’tmoveforward.WhileIwastryingtoholdmyselfupagainstthewallIlookedoutthewindow.Itwasfrightening,somebuildingscomingi

nandoutofviewandsomealreadyfallingdown.Thentheearthquakemadeastrongpushandourlightswentout.Inthedarkness,Itho

ught,“Thisisit!We’renotcomingoutofthisalive.”Luckily,theviolentshakinggraduallysloweddownandthenstopped.Icouldfinallywalktoourchildren’sroom.M

ywifehadbeenstandingoverthemduringthestrongestpartoftheearthquake,makingsurenothingfellonthem.Aftersuchabige

arthquake,weexpectedthe“smaller”aftershockstobestillverystrong.Therewasstillachancethatthebuildingcouldcollapse.Sowew

okethekidsup,gotsomebasicthingsandstartedtowalkdowntheemergencystairsall22floorsofthem.Whenwefinallyarrivedatthegroundfloormanyotherpeoplehadal

readyarrived,someinpajamas(睡衣),somehalf-dressed.Thegoodnewswaseveryonegotoutofthebuildingsafeandsound.7．Whatdoe

stheunderlinedword“collapse”inparagraph6probablymean？A．Heatup.B．Gosilent.C．Falldown.D．Turnover.【答案】7．C【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者亲身经历的一次地震。7．词义猜测题

。根据划线词前一句“weexpectedthe‘smaller’aftershockstobestillverystrong(我们预计‘较小’的余震仍然非常强烈)”及划线词后“Sowewokethekidsup,gotsomebasi

cthingsandstartedtowalkdowntheemergencystairsall22floorsofthem.(所以我们叫醒了孩子们，准备了一些基本的东西，然后开始走下紧急楼梯，总共22层楼)”可知，可能还有强烈的余震，作者叫醒孩子下楼，由此可推知，划线词所在句意为“大楼仍

有可能倒塌”。collapse意为“倒塌”。故选C项。2.【2022届江苏省七市（南通、泰州、扬州、徐州、淮安、连云港、宿迁）高考二模】Almosteveryonehasheardtheexpression,“thecalmbeforethestorm”.Itisusuallyusedtodes

cribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.Britishsailorscoinedthephraseinthelate1600s;theynotedt

hatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobecomestaticandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?Sciencehasgiven

ustheanswer.AccordingtoUSinfotainment(资讯娱乐)websiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,sucha

stornadoesandhurricanes,drawinallthewarmandhumidairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsa

s“fuelforthestorm,likepetrolinacar”.Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandf

allsbackdowntogroundlevel.Astheairdescends,itbecomeswarmanddry.Warm,dryairisstable,soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbefo

rethestorm.Thissameprocessalsocausesthe“eyeofthestorm”inhurricanesandtornadoes.Intheseconditions,thecalmoccursinthecenterofthest

ormbecauseofthestrongrotatingwinds.TheWeatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.First,counthowmanysecondsthereare

betweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder.Roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.So,forexample,ifyoucountnineseconds,thestormisabout3kilometers

away.Agoodevaluationisthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseekshelterstraightaway.However,duetothecomplexityofstormsyst

em,notallstormsareprecededbycalm.Giventherightconditions,somestormsannouncethemselveswithheavyrainandchillingwinds.

So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingacomingstorminyourarea.That’sthemostreli

ableandsensiblewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature’stemper.28．Theunderlinedword“static”inParagraph2isclosestinmeaningto______.A．

violentB．quietC．fast-changingD．warm【答案】28．B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章对“暴风雨前的宁静”这一情况做出了科学的解释，说明了一种计算暴风雨距离的窍门，并且提到实时更新天气预报才是预测天气最可

靠的方法。28．词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.(

它通常用来描述在一个非常紧张的情况或争论之前的一段平静的时期)”，以及划线词后的“thewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?(风力会减弱。但是为什么暴风雨前总是那么平静呢?)”可知，在某些暴风雨来临

之前，海水是静止的。由此可知划线词意为“静止的”，故选B。3.【河北省邯郸市十校2021-2022学年高三上学期期末联考】CurtinUniversityresearchhasfoundasimpleandaffordablemethodtodeterminewhichch

emicalsandtypesofmetalsarebestusedtostoreandsupplyenergy,inabreakthroughforanybattery-rundevicesandtechnologiesrelyingon

thefastandreliablesupplyofelectricity,includingsmartphonesandtablets.LeadauthorAssociateProfessorSimoneCiampifromCurtin’sSchoolofMolecularandLi

feSciencessaidthiseasy,low-costmethodofdetermininghowtoproduceandkeepthehighestenergychargeinacapacitor(电容器).couldbeofgreatbenefitto

allscientists,engineersandstart-upslookingtosolvingtheenergystoragechallengesofthefuture.“Allelectronicdevicesrequir

eanenergysource.Whileabatteryneedstoberechargedovertime,acapacitorcanbechargedinstantlybecauseitstoresenergybyseparatin

gchargedions(离子),foundinionicliquids,”Ciampisaid.Therearethousandsoftypesofionicliquids,atypeof“liquidsalt”,anduntilnow,itwasdifficulttoknowwhich

wouldbebestsuitedforuseinacapacitor.Whatourteamhasdoneisdesigningaquickandeasytest,abletobeperformedinabasiclab,whichcanmeas

ureboththeabilitytostorechargewhenasolidelectrodetouchesagivenionicliquid—asimplecapacitor—aswellasthestabilityofthedevicewhencharged.“Thesim

plicitythistestmeansanyonecanapplyitwithouttheneedforexpensiveequipment.Usingthismethod,researchersfoundthatchargingthedevicefor60secondsproduce

dafullcharge,whichdidnot‘leak’(渗漏)andbegintodiminishforatleastfourdays,”MrBelottisaid.Thenextstepistousethisnewscreeningmethodtofindion

icliquidwithanevenlongerdurationinthechargedstateandlargerenergydensity.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminish”i

nparagraph5probablymean？A．Charge.B．Develop.C．Expand.D．Decrease.【答案】14．D【解析】这是一篇说明文。科廷大学(CurtinUniversity

)的一项研究发现了一种简单而经济的方法，可以确定哪种化学物质和金属类型最适合用于储存和供应能源。14．词义猜测题。根据前文“researchersfoundthatchargingthedevicefor60secondsproducedafullcha

rge,whichdidnot‘leak’(研究人员发现，给手机充电60秒就能充满电，而且不会漏电)”和下文“foratleastfourdays”可知，充满电以后电量至少持续四天才开始“减少”。故选D项。获得更多资源请扫码加入享学

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