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2024届高三“一起考”大联考(模拟四)英语(时量：120分钟满分：150分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分

)听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchisthesh

irt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemantryingonprobably?A.Shoes.B.AT-shirt.C.Awalkingstick.【答案】A

【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoufeel?M:Great!It’slikewalkingonair.AndtheygowithmyT-shirtreallywell.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoes

thewomansayaboutCultureExpress?A.Sheoftenmissesit.B.Shethinksitfunny.C.Shelikesitverymuch.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Doyouliket

heshowCultureExpressonChannel4?M:Notreally,butIthinkthehostisfunny.W:Well,Ican’tmissitforanything.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthisconversationmo

stprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inanoffice.C.Inarestaurant.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning,Miss.WhatcanId

oforyou?W:I’mapplyingforajob.It’sadvertisedinyesterday’spaper.M:Haveyoubroughtyourresumewithyou?W:Yes,he

reyouare.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howlongdidittakethemantofinishhispaper?A.Notmorethanhalfanhour.B.Lessthananhourandahalf.C.Morethananhourand

ahalf.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Howmuchtimedidyouhaveforwritingthepaper?M:Weweregiventhreehours,butIfinisheditinlessthanhalfthetime.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatd

oesthemanmean?A.HecanmakeitonSaturday.B.Moviesarenothiscupoftea.C.Therearemusiclessonsfortheevening.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WillyougotothecinemathisSaturd

ay,Bob?M:I’mafraidIcan’t.I’llhavemymusiclessonsthen.W:Ididn’tmeaninthemorningorafternoon.Imeantintheevening.M:Oh,that’s

quiteadifferentthing.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5

秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whydoesthemanfeelsurprised?A.Thewomanrefusedtoleave.B.T

hewomandisagreeswithhim.C.Thewomanhasfoundanewjob.7.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherdepartment?A.There’stoomuchpre

ssure.B.Peopledon’ttrusteachother.C.Therearesomeseriousproblems.【答案】6.C7.C【解析】【原文】M:Maggie,what’sgoingon?Li

ndajusttoldmethatyou’releavingus.W:Yes,Ireallyfeelbadaboutit.ButIjustgotareallygoodoffer.M:Well,Ididn’tknowyouweregoingtolookforan

ewjob.W:Well,justbetweenyouandme.Ithinkwehavesomerealproblemsinthisdepartment.Don’tgetmewrong.Ithasnothin

gtodowithyou,Frank.Everybodysaysyouareanexcellentmanager.M:Problems,whatproblems?Dowehavetimetotalkabout

it?听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodothisweekend?A.Gotothebeach.B.Climbamountain.C.Goforabicycle-ride.9.Whatdoweknow

aboutPaulandMary?A.Theydidsomeridingyesterday.B.Theymightbethespeakers’friends.C.They’vedecidedtojointhespeaker

s.【答案】8.B9.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouwanttodothisweekend?W:Oh,Idon’tknow.Maybegotothebeachifit’sniceweathe

r.M:ButwedidthatlastweekendLet’sdosomethingdifferent..W:Hum...Hey,Iknowwhat!Whydon’tweclimbMt.Tai?M:Greatidea!I’v

ealwayswantedtodothat!W:PaulandMarytalkedaboutabicyclerideyesterday,buttheyhaven’tmadethefinaldecision.Maybewecouldpersuadethemtojoinus.M:Wonderf

ul!I’llgivethemacallrightnow.听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.SignupforaPEclass.B.Int

erviewthemaninthegym.C.Takesomeexercisetokeepfit.11.Whatsportdoesthewomandislikedoing?A.Jogging.B.Runn

ing.C.Weight-lifting.12.Howoftendoesthemanadvisethewomantoworkoutatfirst?A.Twiceaweek.B.Threetimesaweek.C.Fourtimesaweek.13.Whatcanweknowaboutthe

woman?A.Sheiseagertostarttheclass.B.Sheoftenworksoutinthegym.C.Shehasdonesomeexerciserecently.【答案】10.C11.A12.A13.A【解

析】【原文】W:Hello,mynameisJaneandI’dliketoknowsomethingaboutgettingfit.M:Hi,Jane.Whattypeofexercisedoyouenjoydoing

?W:Ilikedoingphysicalexercise,butIhatejogging.Idon’tminddoingsomeweight-lifting,though.M:Great!Howoftencanyouwo

rkout?W:Twiceorthreetimesaweekwouldbegood.M:Whydon’twegetstartedwithaphysicalexerciseclasstwiceaweek?W:Soundsfinetome.M:

You’llneedtostartslowlyandbuildupgraduallytothreeorfourtimesaweek.W:HowdoIsignupfortheclasses?M:Youn

eedtojointhegymandthenyoucanchoosewhichclassfitsyourtimetablebest.W:Great!Ican’twaittogetstarted.Thanksforyour

advice.M:Noproblem.I’llseeyouinthephysicalexerciseclasses!听下面一段长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.Whatkindofbusinessdidthemanstart?

A.Agrocerystore.B.Asmallrestaurant.C.Anicecreamshop.15.HowmanyemployeesatmostarethereinasmallbusinessintheUS?A.300

.B.400.C.500.16.Whydidthemanopenhisbusinessinthesuburbs?A.Toavoidcompeting.B.Toearnmoremoney.C.Toattractmor

ecustomers.17.Howdidthemangetthemoneytostarthisbusiness?A.Bysavingmoneybyhimself.B.Bygettingaloanfromabank.C.Byborrowingmoneyfrom

anorganization.【答案】14.B15.C16.A17.A【解析】【原文】M:Mysmallbusinessisopeningtomorrow.Itisasmallrestaurantinthesuburbs.W:Areallsmallbusinessesrestau

rants?M:No,asmallbusinesscanbeanythingfromagrocerystoretoalawyer’soffice.Itisdefinedmainlybyhowmanypeopleareemployed.IntheUnitedStates,ifyou

havelessthan500employees,youareconsideredasmallbusiness.W:Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofowningasmallbusiness?M:Ih

aveacloserrelationshipwithmycustomersanditcostslesstostartup.Butthereisahigherriskoffailureiftheownerdoesnotpreparewisely.Also,biggerbusinesseshaved

estroyedalotofsmallbusinesses.Thatiswhymyrestaurantisinthesuburbs,tostayawayfromthebiggerbusinesses.W:Wheredidyougetthemoneytostartyourrestaurant

?M:Ihavebeensavingmymoneyforfiveyearstostartit.Youcanalsogetmoneyfromaprivateorganizationoraloanfromaban

k.W:IthinkIwouldliketoopenanicecreamshop.M:Youshould!Havingasmallbusinessofyourownisveryrewarding!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.Whatc

anwelearnfromthenews?A.Novillagerwaskilled.B.15houseswerebadlydamaged.C.Over200peopleweremadehomeless.19.Whatdoweknow

aboutthefarmer?A.Hiswifewasmissing.B.Hishousewasdestroyed.C.Oneofhischildrenwaskilled.20.Whatdidthewomandowhenshesawherhouseshaking?A.

Shetriedtotakesomethingout.B.Sherushedoutwithherchildren.C.Shetoldherhusbandnottoleave.【答案】18.C19.B20.B【解

析】【原文】Backtothenews.LastFridayastormhittwovillagesdestroyingfourteenhouses.Sevenothersweresobadlydamagedthattheirownershad

toleavethem,andfifteenothershadbrokenwindows.Onepersonwaskilled,andninewerebadlyinjuredandtakentothehospital.Anumberofot

herpeoplegotsmallinjuries.Altogetherovertwohundredwerelefthomelessasaresultofthestorm.Afarmersaidthestormbeganearlyinthemorningandlastedo

veranhour.Hewasinthekitchenwithhiswifeandhischildrenwhentheyheardaloudnoise.Afewminuteslatertheirhousefelldownontopofthem.Theymanagedtoclimbou

tbutthenhesawthatoneofhischildrenwasmissing.Hewentbackinsideandfoundhimsafebutveryfrightened.Awomansaidthatherhusbandhadjustleftforwork

whenshenoticedthatherhousewasshaking.Sherushedoutsideimmediatelywithherchildren.Therewasnotimeforhertotakeanythin

g.Afewminuteslater,theroofcamedown.Soldierswenttotheareatohelpthepeopleintrouble.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、

D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhoWasE.B.White?Today，mostpeoplerememberE.B.Whiteasthebelovedchildren’sbookauthorwhogaveusCharloue’sWebandStuan

tLittle，butdidyouknowthatmostofhiscareerwasspentwritingforfamousmagazineslikeTheNewYorker?Hislifelongdreamofwritingachildren’sbookabou

tamousewouldtakeyearstogetpublished.Afewyearslater，Whitewouldpublishyetanotherchildren’sbookinspiredbya

pighehadraised.WhoWasJohnnyCash?JohnnyCashwasfamousasacountrymusiclegendandaniconofAmericansongwriting.Dueto

hiswiderangeofmusicaltalent，JohnnyCashhasbeeninductedintotheCountry，RockandRoll，Rockabilly，andGospelHallsofFame.Healsowon11Grammysand9CountryMus

icAssociationAwards.WhoWasCharlesSchulz?CharlesSchulzloveddrawingfromthetimehewasayoungchild，andashegrewolder，heturned

thispassionintoasuccessfulcareer.Hisearlydoodles(涂鸦)ofhisnaughtydogandofashyboyinspiredtwoofhismostfamiliarand

belovedcharacters，CharlieBrownandSnoopy.WhoWasLeviStrauss?Asayoungworking-classGermanimmigrant，LeviStrauss

lefthisfamily’sdrygoodsbusinessinNewYorkCitytojourneyoutwestfortheCaliforiaGoldRush.OnlyLeviwasn’tlookingforgold—hewantedtopr

ovidetheminerswithstrongclothestowear.Hissolution?Bluejeans—whichhavebecomeoneofthemostbelovedandfashionableclothingitemsintheworld.21.Whatdi

dE.B.Whitedoinmostofhiscareer?A.Hewrotechildren’sbooks.B.Hewroteformagazines.C.Hepublishedbooks.D.Heraisedapig.22.Who

sechildhoodhobbycontributedtohisadultsuccess?A.E.B.White.B.E.B.White.C.CharlesSchulz.D.LeviStrauss.23.WhatdidLeviStraussgotoCal

iforniafor?A.Lookingforgold.B.Makingafortune.C.Makingclothesforminers.D.Runningdrygoodsbusiness.【答案】21.B22.C23.C【解

析】【导语】本文是应用文。本文简要介绍了四位著名人物。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个小标题下的“butdidyouknowthatmostofhiscareerwasspentwritingforfamousma

gazineslikeTheNewYorker?(但你知道他的大部分职业生涯都是为《纽约客》等著名杂志撰稿吗?)”可知，E.B.White大部分职业生涯都在为杂志撰稿。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下的

“CharlesSchulzloveddrawingfromthetimehewasayoungchild，andashegrewolder，heturnedthispassionintoasuccessfulcareer.(查

尔斯·舒尔茨从小就喜欢画画，随着年龄的增长，他把这种热情转化为成功的事业。)”可知，CharlesSchulz小时候的爱好促成了长大后的事业成功。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第四个小标题下的“OnlyLeviwasn’tlookingforgold—hewantedtoprovid

etheminerswithstrongclothestowear.(只是利瓦伊不是在找金子——他想给矿工们提供结实的衣服穿。)”可知，只有Levi不是为了淘金，而是为了给矿工提供耐穿的衣服。因此可知，他去加利福尼亚是为了

给旷工做衣服。故选C。BTexan81-year-oldgoodfriendsEllieHambyandSandyHazeliptouredtheworldin80daysprovingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasalo

cationchallengingevenmanyexperiencedtravelers:theAntarctic.Gettingtothesouthernmostcontinentfirstrequiredcros

singtheDrakePassage,thewatersbetweenthesoutherntipofSouthAmericaandtheAntarctic’sSouthShetlandIslands.“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrolling,sli

ppingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingonfordearlife,“Hambysaid.Thevoyage,however,fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfooto

nthegroundoftheAntarctic,fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins,icebergsandglaciers.Sincethatfirstven

ture,thepairhavevisited18countriesacrossallsevencontinents.Anddespitethechallengesinternationaltravelpresented,thegood

friendssaidtheyhadfinishedtheirtripwithoutanyargument.Thoughthey’rebothindependentandstubborn,theyrespecteachoth

er’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefri

endsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.Thetwosharedacrucialpieceofadvicefortravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheirownadventu

res.”Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit,”saidHamby.”Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.Wefounditworkedwondersbecausewew

ereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllanguages.”Theyalsoencouragedotherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemba

ck.Asidefromsomeminorchangesinplans,,theiragedidn’taffecttheiritinerary(旅程)abroad.Theysaidtheyfeltconfid

entthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheyabsolutelywanted.AndHazelipdescrib

ed81astheperfectagetoembarkonatrip.”Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitofwisdomofmakingdecisions,”shesaid.24.WhatmightthepairthinkoftheirtriptotheAn

taretic?A.Briefbutexciting.B.Toughbutworthwhile.C.Interestingbutfruitless.D.Unpleasantbutmemorable.25.Whatisthehighlightofthepai

r’sadventuresforthemselves?A.Meetingnicepeoplealongtheway.B.Experiencingmanychallengingactivities.C.Learningaboutdiff

erentculturesfromtravelers.D.Avoidingconflictsdespitetheirstubbornnature.26.Whathelpedthepaircommunicatewithpeopleduringtheadven

ture?A.English.B.Thesmile.C.Crucialadvice.D.Universalgestures.27.Whatcanweinferaboutthepairfromthelastparagraph?A.Theyfe

lldownwhenridingabikeinBali.B.Theyregrettednotexploringtheworldearlier.C.Theirchildrenunderstoodandsupportedthem.D.Theirwisdomsavedthem

lotsoftimeduringtheirtrip.【答案】24.B25.A26.B27.C【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。来自得克萨斯州的两位81岁的好友EllieHamby和SandyHazelip周游世界八十天。【24题详

解】推理判断题。根据第二段的““Foralmosttwodays，wewererockingandrolling，slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdin

gonfordearlife，”Hambysaid.Thevoyage，however，fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic，fascinatedbythebreathtak

ingbeautyofpenguins，icebergsandglaciers.(Hamby说:“在差不多两天的时间里，我们在德雷克海峡里摇晃着，打滑着，我们拼命地坚持着。”然而，当他们踏上南极的土地，被企鹅、冰山和冰川的惊人美景所吸引时，这次航行就从他们的脑海中淡去了。)”可知，

ElieHamby和SandyHazelip前往南极洲的旅程非常艰辛，但见到南极洲的风光后她们又觉得很值得。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemos

twonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.(他们记得最深刻的是他们遇到的人。“我们遇到了一些最优秀、最善

良、最友好的人。我们现在在世界各地都有我们深爱的朋友。”)"可知。这两个人旅行的亮点是沿途遇到一些善良的人。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sth

esmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllangu

ages.(我们告诉他们世界上有一种通用语言，那就是微笑。我们发现这很有效，因为我们经常意识到英语并不总是被说的，而微笑可以涵盖所有的语言。)”可知，Hammby推荐通用语言“微笑”，因此推断“微笑”有助于她们与人的交流。故选B。【2

7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhatt

heyabsolutelywanted.(他们说，他们有信心，如果他们在旅行中受伤，他们的孩子会知道他们在做他们绝对想做的事情。)”可推断，EllieHamby和SandyHazelip的孩子们是理解并支持她们的。CTheFederalCommunicationsCommissionoftheU

Srecentlyissuedthefirst-everfineforspacejunk,againsttheDishNetwork.Thesatellitetelevisioncompanyfailedtoproperlydealwithoneofitssatellites,le

avingitatalowerorbitthanitpromisedwhensecuringitslicense.Somespacejunkwasdiscardedduringmissions—maybeanastronautdroppedhisluckypenny,orrele

asedaninstrument’scameracoverafteritwasnolongerneeded.Otherjunk,however,istheresultofcollisions:Eventhatluckypenny,traveling

at15timesthespeedofabullet,cancausehugedamage—endingasatellite’smissionor,worse,breakingthatsatelliteintopieces.That’

sobviouslybadnewsforsatellites.Thesolutionisn’ttodemandthelaunchoffewersatellites;thesebringrealbenefitstop

eopleontheEarth.Andwhiletrafficmanagementiscertainlynecessary,piecesofgarbagearenevergoingtobeabletofolloweventhemostsensible

rulesoftheorbitalroad.Thatmeanstwothingsneedtohappen:Peopleneedtostoplittering,andtheyneedtotakeoutsome

trash.Theprofessionals,unsurprisingly,havemorecarefullyconsiderednamesfortheseprocesses—mitigation(减

轻)andremediation(补救).Anytimeacompanywantstoputasatelliteinthesky,itshouldhaveaclearplanfortheinstrument’sendoflife.Forobj

ectsinveryhighgeostationaryorbit(地球同步轨道),thisusuallyinvolvessendingtheitemtotheout-of-the-way“graveyard”orbit.Foro

bjectslowerdown,ittendsinsteadtoinvolvemovingthemlowerstill,sothattheywillbumupuponreenteringtheatmosphere.Activeremovalofgarbagethatha

sfailedtogetoutofthewayistechnicallytricky,butatleastforlargeobjects,remediationispossible.Encouragingly,somecountriesarebeginningt

otry.Nonation,however,cansavespaceonitsown.Aglobalconvention(协定)toseta21st-centurycodeofconductforspaceisinorder.28.W

hatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded”inparagraph2mean?A.Collectedup.B.Thrownaway.C.Produced.D.Ignored.29.Whycan’twereducethenumberofsatelliteslaunch

edeveryyear?A.Thesatellitesbenefitourlifealot.B.Weneednewsatellitestoreplaceoldones.C.Countriesareusingsatelli

testooccupyspace.D.Wemustmakeadeeperexplorationintotheuniverse.30.Whichofthefollowingarethemeasuresofstoplitteri

ng?①Sendingsatellitestothe“graveyard”orbit.②Movingobjectslowerstill.③Activeremovalofdebris.A.①②B.②③C.①③D.①②③31.What’sthea

uthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toprovidesolutionstospacejunk.B.Toexplainthedamageofspacejunk.C.Tocalluponcountriestof

inecompaniesmakingspacejunk.D.Toappealtonationsfortheprotectionoffspaceenvironment.【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一

篇说明文。主要介绍是应该如何处理在人类探索太空的过程中产生的太空垃圾。【28题详解】的词句猜测题。根据第二段中破折号后的“maybeanastronautdroppedhisluckypenny,or

releasedaninstrument’scameracoverafteritwasnolongerneeded.(也许是宇航员掉了他的幸运硬币，或者是在仪器不再需要时松开了相机盖。)”可知，此处解释的是太空垃圾的来源，可能是宇航员掉落的幸运币，也可是被丢弃的相机

盖子等，都是在执行太空任务中被扔掉的太空垃圾，由此可知，discard的意思与“丢弃，掉落”的意义相近。故选B项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thesolutionisn’ttodemandthelaunchoffew

ersatellites;thesebringrealbenefitstopeopleontheEarth.(解决办法不是要求发射更少的卫星；这些卫星会给地球上的人们带来真正的好处。)”可知，对于卫星会被太空垃圾摧

毁，我们的解决办法不是少发射卫星，因为这些卫星会给全球人民带来实实在在的好处。故选A项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Forobjectsinveryhighgeostationaryorbit(地球同步轨道),thisusuallyinvolvess

endingtheitemtotheout-of-the-way“graveyard”orbit.Forobjectslowerdown,ittendsinsteadtoinvolvemovingthemlowerstill,sothatt

heywillbumupuponreenteringtheatmosphere.(对于在非常高的地球同步轨道上的物体，这通常涉及将物体送到偏僻的“墓地”轨道。对于较低的物体，它倾向于将它们移动到更低的地方，这样它们在重新进入大气层时就会

燃烧殆尽。)”可知，该部分讲述的是处理太空垃圾的方法，对于在非常高的地球同步轨道上的卫星，可以将其送到远离地球同步轨道的“墓地”轨道；对于较低轨道上的卫星，可以将它们移动到更低的地方。故选A项。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段“Encouraging

ly,somecountriesarebeginningtotry.Nonation,however,cansavespaceonitsown.Aglobalconvention(协定)toseta21st-centurycodeofconductforspaceisinorde

r.(令人鼓舞的是，一些国家已经开始尝试。然而，没有哪个国家能够独自拯救太空。一项旨在制定21世纪空间行为准则的全球公约正在制定之中。)”以及上文中讲述的太空垃圾的危害和我们应该如何处理太空垃圾可知，一些国家已经开始着手处理太空垃圾，但没有一个国

家能独自拯救太空，需要制定一项全球公约来维护太空，由此可知，作者旨在呼吁各个国家制定21世纪太空行为准则，共同保护太空环境。故选D项。DTheperiodictableofelementsisacomm

onsightinclassrooms,campushallwaysandlibraries.Themodeperiodictablearrangestheelementsbytheiratomicnumbersandperiodicproperties(周期性).Severalscie

ntistsworkedoveracenturytoassembletheelementsintothisformat.In1789,FrenchchemistAntoineLavoisiertriedgroupingtheelementsasmetalsandn

onmetals.Fortyyearslater,GermanphysicistJohannWolfgangDobereinerobservedsimilaritiesinphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofcertainele

ments.Hearrangedthemingroupsofthreeinincreasingorderofatomicweightandcalledthemtriads,observingthatsomepropertiesofthemiddlee

lement,suchasatomicweightanddensity,approximatedtheaveragevalueofthesepropertiesintheothertwoineachtr

iad.Abreakthroughcamewiththepublicationofarevisedlistofelementsandtheiratomicmassesatthefirstinternational

conferenceofchemistryinKarlsruhe,Germany,in1860.Theyconcludedhydrogenwouldbeassignedtheatomicweightof1andthattheatomicweighto

fotherelementswouldbedecidedbycomparisonwithhydrogen.Forexample,carbon,being12timesheavierthanhydrogen,wouldhaveanato

micweightof12.In1869,RussianchemistDmitriMendeleevcreatedtheframeworkthatbecamethemoderperiodictable,leavinggapsforel

ementsthatwereyettobediscovered.Mendeleevpredictedthepropertiesofsomeundiscoveredelementsandgavethemnames

suchas“eka-aluminum”foranelementwithpropertiessimilartoaluminum.Later“eka-aluminum”wasdiscoveredasgallium.GermanchemistLotha

rMeyerproducedaversionoftheperiodictablesimilartoMendeleev’sin1870.Heleftgapsforundiscoveredelementsbutne

verpredictedtheirproperties.TheRoyalSocietyofLondonawardedtheDavyMedalin1882tobothMendeleevandMeyer.Thelaterdiscoveryofelementspredicted

byMendeleevverified(证实)hispredictionsandhisperiodictablewonuniversalrecognition.In1955the101stelementwasnamedmend

eleviuminhishonor.OnUNESCOwebsite,itwrote,“ThePeriodicTableofChemicalElementsismorethanjustaguideorcatalogueoftheenti

reknownatomsintheuniverse;itisessentiallyawindowontheuniverse,helpingtoexpandourunderstandingoftheworldaround

us.”32.WhatisthebreakthroughattheconferenceinGermany?A.Theatomicweightofcarbonwascalculatedbyscientists.B.Abrand-newperiodictablewaspublisheda

tthemeeting.C.Theelementsinthetablewererearrangedbytheproperties.D.Theatomicweightofelementswasquantifiedbasedonhydrogen.33.Ho

wdidMendeleevcontributetothemodernperiodictable?A.Hemadeitmorecomplete.B.Hemadeiteasiertounderstand.C.Hewas

thefirsttoarrangetheelementsbyatomicmasses.D.Hediscoveredmanynewpropertiesofsomeknownelements.34.Whatisthesignificanceofthediscoveryoftheperio

dictable?A.Itisawindowintochemistry.B.Itisahelpertolearnabouthistory.C.Itisaguidetoexploringthemicroworld.D.Itisadescriptio

nofschoolcurricula’shistory.35.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Inorderoftheelements’importance.B.Byfollowingthetimeorder.C.Inorderofscientists

’achievements.D.Bymakingcomparisons.【答案】32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了《元素周期表》产生的过程。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Abreakthroughcamewiththepublication

ofarevisedlistofelementsandtheiratomicmassesatthefirstinternationalconferenceofchemistryinKarlsruhe,Germany,in1860.Theyconcludedhydrogenwo

uldbeassignedtheatomicweightof1andthattheatomicweightofotherelementswouldbedecidedbycomparisonwithhydrogen.Forexample,carbon,being12ti

mesheavierthanhydrogen,wouldhaveanatomicweightof12.(1860年，在德国卡尔斯鲁厄(Karlsruhe)举行的第一届国际化学会议上，修订的元素表及其原子质量的公布

带来了突破。他们得出结论，氢的原子量为1，其他元素的原子量将通过与氢的比较来确定。例如，碳比氢重12倍，那么它的原子量就是12)”可知，德国会议的突破是元素的原子量是根据氢来量化的。故选D项。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第

四段“In1869,RussianchemistDmitriMendeleevcreatedtheframeworkthatbecamethemoderperiodictable,leavinggapsforelementsthatwereyettobediscovered.Mendeleev

predictedthepropertiesofsomeundiscoveredelementsandgavethemnamessuchas“eka-aluminum”foranelementwithpropertiessimilartoaluminum.Later“eka-al

uminum”wasdiscoveredasgallium.(1869年，俄罗斯化学家德米特里·门捷列夫(DmitriMendeleev)创建了现代元素周期表的框架，为尚未发现的元素留出了空白。门捷列夫预

测了一些未被发现的元素的性质，并给它们起了名字，比如“eka-aluminum”，表示一种与铝性质相似的元素。后来“eka-aluminum”被发现为镓)”以及第五段“Thelaterdiscoveryofelementspre

dictedbyMendeleevverified(证实)hispredictionsandhisperiodictablewonuniversalrecognition.(后来门捷列夫预言的元素的发现证实了他的预言，他的元素周期表赢得了普遍的认可)”可知，门捷列夫预测

了一些未被发现的元素的性质，并得到证实，赢得了普遍的认可，也就是说他使元素周期表更完整。故选A项。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“OnUNESCOwebsite,itwrote,“ThePeriodicTableofChemicalElementsismoretha

njustaguideorcatalogueoftheentireknownatomsintheuniverse;itisessentiallyawindowontheuniverse,helpingtoexpandourunderstandingoftheworld

aroundus.”(在联合国教科文组织网站上，它写道：“化学元素周期表不仅仅是宇宙中所有已知原子的指南或目录；它本质上是宇宙的一扇窗口，有助于扩大我们对周围世界的理解。”)”可知，元素周期表的发现是探索微观世界的指南。故选C项。【35题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“In1789,FrenchchemistAntoineLavoisiertriedgroupingtheelementsasmetalsandnonmetals.Fortyyearslater,GermanphysicistJohannWolf

gangDobereinerobservedsimilaritiesinphysicalandchemicalpropertiesofcertainelements.(1789年，法国化学家安托万·拉瓦锡尝试将元素分为金属和非金属。四十

年后，德国物理学家约翰·沃尔夫冈·多贝雷纳(JohannWolfgangDobereiner)观察到某些元素在物理和化学性质上的相似性)”，第三段“Abreakthroughcamewiththepublicationofarevisedlistofelementsandtheiratom

icmassesatthefirstinternationalconferenceofchemistryinKarlsruhe,Germany,in1860.(1860年，在德国卡尔斯鲁厄(Karlsruhe)举行的第一届国际化学会议上，修订的

元素表及其原子质量的公布带来了突破)”以及第四段“In1869,RussianchemistDmitriMendeleevcreatedtheframeworkthatbecamethemoderperiodictable,leavinggapsforelementstha

twereyettobediscovered.(1869年，俄罗斯化学家德米特里·门捷列夫(DmitriMendeleev)创建了现代元素周期表的框架，为尚未发现的元素留出了空白)”和倒数第二段“Germanc

hemistLotharMeyerproducedaversionoftheperiodictablesimilartoMendeleev’sin1870.Heleftgapsforundiscoveredelementsbutneverpredictedtheirproperties.

TheRoyalSocietyofLondonawardedtheDavyMedalin1882tobothMendeleevandMeyer.ThelaterdiscoveryofelementspredictedbyMendeleevverified(证实)

hispredictionsandhisperiodictablewonuniversalrecognition.In1955the101stelementwasnamedmendeleviuminhis

honor.(1870年，德国化学家洛塔尔·迈耶制作了一张与门捷列夫相似的元素周期表。他为未发现的元素留下了空白，但从未预测过它们的性质。1882年，伦敦皇家学会向门捷列夫和迈耶颁发了戴维奖章。后来门捷列夫

预测的元素的发现证实了他的预测，他的元素周期表得到了普遍的认可。1955年，第101号元素以他的名字命名为钔)”可知，文章按照时间顺序发展的。故选B项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短

文后的选项中选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Behavioralscientistshavefoundthatgoodlisteningisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotoim

proveourrelationships.____36____Atitscore,listeninginaone-on-oneconversationisabouttakinganinterestinanotherpersonandma

kinghim/herfeelunderstood.____37____Butsomerecurring(重复出现)featuresincludeattentiveness,conveyingunderstanding,andshowingaposi

tiveintentiontowardsthespeaker.Inadditiontoactivelyattendingtoaspeaker’swords,goodlistenersalsousequestionsandbodylanguagethati

ndicatetheirunderstandingandtheirdesiretounderstand.Thismightfeelawkwardatfirst,andwhat’smosteffectivemightdependonyourrelations

hipwiththespeaker.____38____Anothergreatwaytoshowyourunderstandingisbysummarizingwhatyoujustheardandaskingifyouhav

emissedanything.Summarieslikethisshowthespeakerthatyou’retrulytryingtounderstandhim/herratherthanjustwaitingforyourturntotalk.B

utwhileagoodconversationrequiresbackandforth,planningoutyourresponsewhilethespeakeristalkingisacommonwaytomisswhat’sbeingsaid.____39____Thismight

feelembarrassing,butaskingforclarificationactuallyshowsthatyou’recommittedtounderstanding.____40____It’sokaytoaskforamomenttoformul

ateyourresponseandtakingabeattothinkcanhelpspeakersreflectontheirspeechaswell.Thesemightseemlikesmallchanges,buttogethertheymakeab

igdifference.Andwhenpeoplefeelheard,theyreportmoresatisfaction,trust,andconnectionintheirrelationships.A.Finally,do

n’tbeafraidofsilence.B.So,whatcanwedotobecomebetterlisteners?C.It’spossibletoknowwhattrulyexcellentlisteninglookslike.D.Butwi

thtimeandpractice,youcaninternalizethesebasicbehaviorsE.There’snouniversallyagreed-upondefinitionofhigh-quali

tylistening.F.Researchershavefoundthatsmilingandnoddingatsetintervalsdoesn’tquitework.G.Sotrytostaypresentandifyoulosefocus,don’tbeshy

aboutaskingthespeakertorepeatwhatyoumissed.【答案】36.B37.E38.D39.G40.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍倾听在改善人际关系中的重要性，并提供了成为更好倾听者的建议，包

括专注、表达理解、积极反馈、不畏惧沉默以及适时请求澄清，以促进对话双方的满意、信任和联系。【36题详解】上文“Behavioralscientistshavefoundthatgoodlisteningison

eofthemostimportantthingswecandotoimproveourrelationships.(行为科学家发现，良好的倾听是我们改善人际关系的最重要的事情之一)”说明良好的倾听能够改善人际关系。空处承上启下，引出如何

成为更好的倾听者的问题。B项“那么，我们能做些什么来成为更好的听众呢？”符合语境，同时引出下文中所给的建议。故选B。【37题详解】下文“Butsomerecurring(重复出现)featuresincludeattentiveness,conveyingunderstand

ing,andshowingapositiveintentiontowardsthespeaker.(但一些反复出现的特征包括注意力、传达理解以及对说话者表现出积极的意图)”说明好的倾听者会有一些反复出现的特征。空处和下文形

成转折关系，E项中的“nouniversallyagreed-upondefinitionofhigh-qualitylistening”和下文中的“somerecurring(重复出现)features”形成

对应的概念，说明高质量的倾听并没有一个公认的定义，但是也有一些反复出现的特征。故选E。【38题详解】上文“Inadditiontoactivelyattendingtoaspeaker’swords,goodlistenersalsouseque

stionsandbodylanguagethatindicatetheirunderstandingandtheirdesiretounderstand.Thismightfeelawkwardatfirst,andwhat’smosteffectivemightde

pendonyourrelationshipwiththespeaker.(除了积极倾听演讲者的话语外，好的听众还可以使用问题和肢体语言来表达他们的理解和理解愿望。这一开始可能会让人感到尴尬，最有效的方法可能取决于你与演讲者的关系)”说明一些倾听技巧可能会初次尝

试时感到尴尬，比如使用问题和肢体语言。空处和前文为转折关系，D项中的“internalizethesebasicbehaviors”和上文中的“questionsandbodylanguage”相呼应，说明虽然一开始的这些行为会让人尴尬，但是但随着时间和实践，你可以内化这些基本行为

。故选D。【39题详解】上文“Butwhileagoodconversationrequiresbackandforth,planningoutyourresponsewhilethespeakeris

talkingisacommonwaytomisswhat’sbeingsaid.(但是，尽管一次好的谈话需要来回进行，但在说话者说话时计划好你的反应是错过所说内容的常见方式)”说明说话者讲话时规划你的回答是错过所说内

容的常见方式，空处承上启下，G项中的“repeatwhatyoumissed”和上文“acommonwaytomisswhat’sbeingsaid”相呼应，“don’tbeshyaboutaskingthespeaker”和下文“askingforclarificat

ion”相呼应，说明G项“所以，尽量保持专注，如果你注意力不集中，不要羞于让演讲者重复你错过的内容。”符合语境。故选G。【40题详解】下文“It’sokaytoaskforamomenttoformulateyourresponseandtakingabeattothinkcanh

elpspeakersreflectontheirspeechaswell.(花点时间来制定你的回答是可以的，花点时间思考也可以帮助演讲者反思他们的演讲)”说明在讨论需要沉默的反思。A项“最后，不要害怕沉默。”适合作为段落的开头，引出下文对沉默积极作用的讨论。故选A。第三部

分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ionceworkedonafarm.Onedayapowerfulwindslammed(猛推)meagainst

apost.Myleftarmgottotally____41____,anditwaslatercutoff.Backhomeafteranoperation,Ifoundeverythinga(n)____42____.Myhusbandtriedtohelpme,butIwanted,

tobe____43____.Icalledmyleftarm“Stumpy”andtriedto____44____.Ilearnedtosqueezetoothpaste;Idevelopedatechniqueforpullingthetoiletpap

er.“Momcandoanything,”mydaughtersaid____45____.TheonethingIreallywantedtodo,though,wasgetbackinto____46____.First,Itriedtoswim.WhenIswa

mwithStumpy,therewasnoforwardmotion.____47____,Ikeptgoingandfinishedthelaneatlast.ThenItriedthetriathlon(铁人

三项).I____48____howtobalancethebikewithonearmandstartrunning.Withinayear,Ibecamean____49____athlete,winningasilver

medalattheParatriathlonWorldCup.In2020,IdecidedtodoNewZealand’s_____50_____event.Competitorshavetorunfor36km,cy

clefor140km,andkayak(皮划艇)for70km.I_____51_____hardoverthenextsixmonths.Thenthebigdaycame.Afterkayakingforalongtime,mylegsfeltlikejelly.“Don’t___

__52_____,”Itoldmyself.Inthelastfewkilometers,Iheardloud_____53_____.Manypeoplecametosupportme.Lifein_____54_____forme,butIc

hoosetochangeit.“Justbecauseyou’vegotonlyhalfawingdoesn’tmeanyoucan’t_____55_____toachieveyourdreams,”Isaidtomyself

.41.A.stuckB.burnedC.crushedD.bent42.A.dutyB.occasionC.adventureD.challenge43.A.independentB.restlessC.tirelessD.different4

4.A.escapeB.adaptC.recoverD.accept45.A.cutelyB.suddenlyC.proudlyD.honestly46.A.sportB.farmC.artD.business47.A.MeanwhileB.ThereforeC.Beside

sD.However48.A.describedB.wonderedC.exploredD.evaluated49.A.outstandingB.amateurC.activeD.intelligent50.A.bigge

stB.hardestC.longestD.scariest51.A.studiedB.thoughtC.pushedD.trained52.A.giveupB.giveinC.turnoffD.turndown53.A.laughterB.cheeringC.

cryingD.noise54.A.unfairB.seriousC.difficultD.uncertain55.A.stopB.affordC.getD.fly【答案】41.C42.D43.A44.B45.C46.A47.D48.C49

.A50.B51.D52.A53.B54.C55.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在一次事故中受伤而左臂截肢，但作者积极投身于各种运动，并获得很多奖项的故事。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的左臂完全压碎了，

后来被截肢。A.stuck粘贴；B.burned燃烧；C.crushed压碎；压坏；D.bent弯腰。根据下文“anditwaslatercutoff”可知，作者的左臂被压碎。故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：手术后回到家，我

发现一切都是挑战。A.duty职责；B.occasion场合；C.adventure冒险；D.challenge挑战。上文提到作者左臂截肢，结合下文“MyhusbandOwentriedtohelpme(我丈夫Owen尽力帮我)”可

知，生活中很多事情对于刚左臂截肢的作者来说都是挑战。故选D。【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫Owen尽力帮我，但我想独立。A.independent独立的；B.restless焦躁不安的；C.tireless不知疲

倦的；D.different不同的。由转折词but可知，丈夫想帮助作者，但是作者想要独立，想要自己做，故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我称自己的左臂为Stumpy，尽力去适应。A.escape逃跑；B.adapt适应；C.recover恢复；D.ac

cept接受。根据下文“Ilearnedtosqueezetoothpaste;Idevelopedatechniqueforpullingthetoiletpaper.(我学会了挤牙膏；我发明了一种拉厕纸的技术)”可知，作者努力适应没有左臂的生活，故

选B。【45题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：“妈妈可以做任何事情，”我女儿自豪地说。A.cutely伶俐地；B.suddenly突然；C.proudly自豪地；骄傲地；D.honestly真诚地。根据上文“Ilearnedtos

queezetoothpaste;Idevelopedatechniqueforpullingthetoiletpaper.(我学会了挤牙膏；我发明了一种拉厕纸的技术)”可知，女儿为失去左臂的妈妈能够做到这些感到骄傲。故选C。【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：

然而我真的想做的一件事情是回归运动。A.sport运动；B.farm农场；C.art艺术；D.business生意。根据下文作者尝试游泳和铁人三项可知，作者想回归体育运动。故选A。【47题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我继续往前游，终于游完了那条小路。A.Meanwhile与此

同时；B.Therefore因此；C.Besides此外；D.However然而。根据上下文，此处表示转折，当作者游泳时，因为失去左臂而没有挥臂向前的运动，然而继续坚持，也游完了。故选D。【48题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我探索如何用一只手平衡自行车，然后又开始跑步。A.de

scribed描述；B.wondered想知道；C.explored探索；D.evaluated评估。此处是描述作者尝试的运动，所以此处指用一只手探索使自行车保持平衡。故选C。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我成为一名杰出的运动员，在残疾人世

界杯上获得了银牌。A.outstanding杰出的；B.amateur业余的；C.active活跃的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据下文“winningasilvermedalattheParatriathlonWorldCup”可知，作者成了杰出的运动员。故

选A。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2020年，我决定参加新西兰最艰难的运动会。A.biggest最大的；B.hardest最困难的；C.longest最长的；D.scariest最恐怖的。

根据下文“Competitorshavetorunfor36km,cyclefor140km,andkayak(皮划艇)for70km.”可知，这次赛事非常艰难。故选B。【51题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的六个月里，我刻苦训练。A.

studied学习；B.thought思考；C.pushed推；D.trained训练。结合语境及下文“KayakingwithStumpywasverypainful”可知，失去左臂的作者为参加CoasttoCoast比赛而努力训练，

其过程很痛苦。故选D。【52题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“不要放弃”，我告诉自己。A.giveup放弃；B.givein屈服；C.turnoff关闭；D.turndown拒绝。根据下文“Inthelastfewkilometers,Iheard

loud____13____.Manypeoplecametosupportme.”可知，虽然很痛苦，但听到人们的支持，作者决定不被打败，不放弃。故选A。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在最后几公里，我听到了响亮的欢呼声。A.laughter笑声；B.cheering欢呼声；C.

crying哭；D.noise噪音。根据下文“Manypeoplecametosupportme.(许多的人来支持我)”可知，很多人为作者欢呼加油。故选B。【54题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活对我来说很艰难，但我选择去改变它。A.u

nfair不公平的；B.serious严重的；C.difficult困难的；D.uncertain不确定的。根据上文可知，作者左臂截肢，生活对作者来说很艰难。故选C。【55题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“仅仅因为你

只有半只翅膀，并不意味着你不能飞翔，去实现你的梦想。”我对自己说。A.stop停止；B.afford买得起；C.get得到；D.fly飞。根据上文“Justbecauseyou’vegotonlyhalfawingdoesn’

tmean”可知，残疾作者认为拥有半只翅膀也能飞翔，实现梦想。故选D。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinesesp

eakerstendtouse“spearandshield”____56____(describe)anythingthat’scontradictory.Actually,nowtheChinesephrasefor“con

tradiction”____57____(call)MaoDunor“spearandshield”.Nearly2,000yearsago,therewasamanlivingintheStateofChu.Oneday,hew

enttoamarkettosellspearsandshields—twomostcommon____58____(weapon)atthattime.Whenasmallcrowdgatheredaroundthesellertolookathisgoods,theman___

_59____(decide)toadvertisehisshieldsfirst.Hesaid,“Pleaselookatmyshields.Theyarecertainlythe____60____(strong)onesyoucaneverfindintheworld.”Th

ensomeofthepotentialbuyerscameclosertohaveacarefulexaminationoftheshields,____61____theycouldn’tseeanythingspecialaboutthem.Thesellerthenmovedontobra

gabouthisspears.“Nowpleasehaveagoodlookatmyspears.Theyarethesharpestweapons____62____haveeverbeenprodu

ced.So,nomatterhowfirmashieldis,myspearswillpierce(刺穿)throughit____63____(easy).”Afterlisteningtotheseller’spitch,a

mansteppedforwardandsaid,“Youjusttoldusthatyourshieldsarethestrongestintheworldandthenyouclaimyourspearsarethesharpest.Howabout____64____(use)

yourspearsonyourshields?”Thesellerwasunabletorespond.Sotoday,insteadofsaying“youarecontradictingyourself”,Chinesewillsay“youareattackingyourshie

ld____65____yourownspear”.【答案】56.todescribe57.iscalled58weapons59.decided60.strongest61.but62.that63.easily64.using65.with【解析】【

导语】本文是说明文。本文简要讲述了中文里的“自相矛盾”这一成语典故。【56题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国人喜欢用“矛和盾”来形容任何矛盾的东西。此处为固定搭配：usesth.todosth.意为“用某物做某

事”。故填todescribe。【57题详解】.考查动词时态和语态。句意：实际上，现在汉语中的“矛盾”一词被称为“矛盾”或“矛盾”。call作本句位于，和主语Chinesephrase之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用

一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填iscalled。【58题详解】考查名词。句意：一天，他去市场卖矛和盾——这是当时最常见的两种武器。空前是形容词，所以空处应填名词，根据two可知，用复数形式。故填weapo

ns。【59题详解】考查动词时态。句意：当一小群人围着卖主看他的商品时，卖主决定先为他的盾牌做广告。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，decide作主句的谓语，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时。故填decided。【60题详解】考查形容词。句

意：它们肯定是你能找到的世界上最强壮的。空后是代词，代指前文提到的盾牌，所以空处应填形容词作定语，本句下文的“youcaneverfindintheworld”暗示此处用形容词的最高级形式。故填strongest。【61题详解】考查连词。句意：然后，一些潜在的买家走近仔细地检查了盾牌，但他们看不出

盾牌有什么特别之处。。前后两个分句之间存在转折关系，因此用并列连词but。故填but。【62题详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们是有史以来最锋利的武器。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是weapons，在从句中作主语，又因先行词前有最高级修饰时，只能用that引导。故填that。【63题

详解】考查副词。句意：所以，无论多么坚固的盾牌，我的矛都能轻易地刺穿它。空处修饰空前的动词pierce，用副词修饰。故填easily。【64题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把你们的矛用在你们的盾上会是怎么样

?about是介词，后接动名词作宾语。故填using。【65题详解】考查介词。句意：所以今天，中国人不会说“你在自相矛盾”，而是会说“你在用自己的矛攻击自己的盾”。“attackyourshieldwithyourownspear”表示“用你自己的矛攻击你的盾”。wit

h意为“用”，符合语境。故填with。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)66.上周你校举办了运动会，请你为学校英语报写一篇短文记录这次运动会。内容包括：1.你在运动会上的所见所闻；2.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格

式在相应位置作答。_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Ourschoolheldasportsmeetinglastweek,whichwasanevent

fullofexcitement.Onthefield,Iwitnessedremarkableperformancesbytheathletes.Behindthescenes,volunteersworkedtirelesslyt

oensuretheeventransmoothly.Withouttheireffort,thesportsmeetingwouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.Iwasimpressednotonlybythevolunteers

’commitmenttothesportsmeeting,whichmadeittrulyenjoyableandmemorable,butalsoinspired,andmotivatedbyathletes’speed,strength,andspirit.I’meagertop

articipateintheeventorserveasavolunteerforthenextsportsmeeting.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校英语报写一篇短文记录学校上周举办的运动会。【详解】1.词汇积累确保：ensure→make

sure投入：commitment→devotion参加：participatein→takepartin担任：serveas→actas2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Behindthescenes,volunteersworkedtirelesslytoensuretheeventra

nsmoothly.拓展句：Behindthescenes,volunteersworkedtirelesslyinorderthattheycanensuretheeventransmoothly.【点睛】【高分句型1】Ourscho

olheldasportsmeetinglastweek,whichwasaneventfullofexcitement.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Withouttheireffort,thesportsmeetingwouldn’thavebeenso

successful.(运用了without含蓄条件引出的虚拟语气)第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。CharlesRoselivedinthecountrywithhisfa

ther,whotaughthimtoreadandtowrite.Mr.Rosetoldhissonthat,whenhismorninglessonswereover,hemightamusehimselffor

onehourashepleased.Therewasarivernearby.Onitsbankstoodthehutofapoorfisherman,wholivedbysellingfish.Hiscarefulwifekeptherwheelgoingearl

yandlate.Theybothworkedveryhardtokeepthemselvesabovewant.Buttheyweregreatlytroubledforfearthattheironlysonshouldneverlearntor

eadandtowrite.Theycouldnotteachhimthemselves,andtheyweretoopoortosendhimtoschool.Charlescalledatthehutof

thisfishermanoneday,toinquireabouthisdog,whichwasmissing.Hefoundthelittleboy,whosenamewasJoe,sitingbythetab

le,onwhichhewasmakingmarkswithapieceofchalk.Charlesaskedhimwhetherhewasdrawingpictures.“No.Iamtryingtowrite,”saidlittleJo

e,“butIknowonlytwowords.ThoseIsawuponasign,andIamtryingtowritethem.”“IfIcouldonlylearntoreadandwrite,”saidhe,“Ishouldbethehappiestboyintheworld

.”“ThenIwillmakeyouhappysaidCharles.”Iamonlyalittleboy,butIcanteachyouthat.”“Myfathergivesmeanhoureverydayfor

myself.Now,ifyouwilltrytolearn,youshallsoonknowhowtoreadandtowrite.”BothJoeandhismotherwerereadytofallontheirkneestothankCharles.Theyto

ldhimitwaswhattheywishedaboveallthings.So,onthenextdaywhenthehourcame,Charlesputhisbookinhispocket,andwenttoteachJoe.Joelearnedve

ryfast,andCharlessonbegantoteachhimhowtowrite.Sometimeafter,agentlemancalledonMr.Rose,andsaid,“Charlesdidnotalwaysamusehimself.Iof

tenseehimgotothehouseofthefisherman.Ifearhegoesoutintheirboat.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Themoment

thegentlemanleft,Mr.Rosewentinsearchofhisson._________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextday,

hisfathertookhimtotown,andgavehimbooksforhimselfandJoe,withwritingpaper,pens,andink.____________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】范文：Themomentthegentlemanleft,M

r.Rosewentinsearchofhisson.Hewenttotheriver,andwalkedupanddown,inhopeofseeingtheboat.Notseeingit,hegrewuneasy.Heth

oughtCharlesmusthavegonealongwayoff.Unwillingtoleavewithoutlearningsomethingofhim,hewenttothehut.Heputhisheadinatthewindow,w

hichwasopen.Thereapleasantsightmethiseyes.Charleswasatthetable,rulingacopybookJoewasreadingtohim,whilehismotherwasspinn

inginthecorner.Charleswasalittleconfused.Hefearedhisfathermightnotbepleased;buthehadnoneedtobeuneasy,forhisfatherwa

sdelighted.Thenextday,hisfathertookhimtotown,andgavehimbooksforhimselfandJoe,withwritingpaper,pens,andink.Charleswast

hehappiestboyintheworldwhenhecamehome.HerantoJoe,hishandsfilledwithparcels,andhisheartbeatingwithjoy.【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了查尔斯·罗斯和

他的父亲住在乡下，父亲教他读书写字，查尔斯认识了附近的渔夫的儿子乔，于是教他写字和阅读，这天父亲前来找罗斯，看到罗斯在教乔，感到很高兴。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“那位先生一走，罗斯先生就去找他的儿子”可知，第一段可描写罗斯先生找到

儿子后的事情。②由第二段首句内容“第二天，他的父亲带他到城里，给他自己和乔的书，还有信纸、笔和墨水”可知，第二段可描写查尔斯拿到这些东西时的反应。2.续写线索：陪走路——帮助——感谢——陪回家——拒绝——感悟3.词汇激活行为类寻找：insearchof/lookfor害怕

：fear/scare装满：befilledwith/befullof情绪类担心：uneasy/concerned快乐：joy/happiness【点睛】[高分句型1]Heputhisheadinatthewindow,whichwasopen.(运用了which

引导非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]HerantoJoe,hishandsfilledwithparcels,andhisheartbeatingwithjoy.(运用了独立主格结构)