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SectionⅣGrammar&Writing虚拟语气(一)语气是一种动词形式，表示说话人的意图或态度。英语中有陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、假想或建议。一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法主句条件状语从句与过去事实相反should/would/could/
might＋have＋过去分词had＋过去分词与现在事实相反would/should/could/might＋动词原形一般过去时(be动词常用were)与将来事实相反would/should/could/might＋动词原
形一般过去时/should＋动词原形/weretodoIfthenewsafetysystemhadbeenputtouse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.(与过去事实相反)如果新的
安全系统已经投入使用，那场事故就不会发生了。Wewouldbebackinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.(与现在事实相反)如果你没有把地图丢了的话，我们现在就回到旅馆了。Gracedoesn’twanttomo
vetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifsheweretolivethere,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.(与将来事实相反)格蕾丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为如果住在那里，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。对接高考①IfM
r.Dewey____________(be)present,hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.如果杜威先生在场，他就会向那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。hadbeen解析：根据本句后面主句中的wouldhaveoff
ered说明与过去事实相反，故从句中使用过去完成时。②I____________(go)tomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight,butIwasnotavailable.昨晚我本应该去参加我堂妹的生日聚会，但我没有空。wouldhave
gone解析：Iwasnotavailable表示的是过去的真实情况，为含蓄条件，相当于ifIhadbeenavailable(如果我有空的话),此处为与过去情况相反的虚拟语气，主句应使用“would＋havedone”结构。二、虚拟条件句的特殊情况1．虚拟条件句
的省略与倒装若if引导的虚拟条件句中含有had，were，should时，省略if，可以把had，were，should放在句首，使用倒装语序。Wereitnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficu
lty.如果没有老师的帮助，这个学生可能克服不了她的困难。ItmighthavesavedmesometroublehadIknowntheschedule.要是早知道时间表的话，可能会省去我一些麻烦。对接高考③____________(be)therenomodern
telecommunications,wewouldhavetowaitforweekstogetnewsfromaroundtheworld.如果没有现代的电信业，要想得到世界各地的消息，我们就不得不等几个星期。Were解析：本题是一个if条件句的虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，if从
句中使用“过去时/were”，主句使用“情态动词＋动词原形”；在if被省略的时候，要使用部分倒装。2．错综时间条件句如果主句和从句是对不同时间的事实的虚拟，则被称为错综虚拟语气。此时主句常有明显的时间状语。M
aybeifIhadstudiedscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.也许如果当时我学的是理科不是文科的话，那么我现在就可以给
你更多的帮助了。3．含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄虚拟语气。常用的这类词或短语有：without(要是)没有；butfor要不是；otherwise/or否则等。—DoyouhaveBetty’sph
onenumber?——你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？—Yes.Otherwise,Iwouldn’thavebeenabletoreachheryesterday.——是的，不然我昨天就不可能联系上她了。Manyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbu
tforThomasEdison.要不是托马斯·爱迪生，我们现在从中获益的很多东西就不会存在。三、虚拟语气用于宾语从句本单元主要讲虚拟语气用于wish后的宾语从句。wish后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气一般分三种情况：用法宾语从句中谓语动词的形式
对现在情况的假设一般过去时(be动词常用were)对过去情况的假设had＋过去分词对将来情况的假设would/could/might＋动词原形IwishIhadbeenatmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewY
orkthen.我多么希望上周二我参加了我妹妹的婚礼，但是我当时在纽约出差。Ⅰ单句语法填空1．Whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?Ifyou____________(tel
l)me,Icouldhavehelped.答案：hadtold2．Ifit____________(notbe)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbehere
now.答案：hadnotbeen3．Hadthegovernmentsandscientistsnotworkedtogether，AIDS-relateddeaths____________(notfall)
sincetheirhighestin2005.答案：wouldnothavefallen4．Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwe____________(have)nowheretostaynow.答案：wouldhave5．IwishI________
____(be)asingernowandthatI____________(sing)allovertheworldinthefuture.答案：were；would/couldsing6．Withoutyo
urhelp,we____________(notfinish)theworkaheadoftime.答案：couldn’t/wouldn’thavefinished7．Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,I____________(take)partinthespo
rtsmeeting.答案：would/could/mighthavetaken8．Peterwishesthathe____________(study)lawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.答案：had
studiedⅡ单句改错1．Ifitrainedtomorrow,theywillnotgoforapicnic.____________________答案：will→would2．IfIhaveknownthatitwasgoingto
rain，Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.____________________答案：第一个have→had3．IwishIhadachancetotalktoyoulastnight,butyouleftsoearly
.____________________答案：在had前加had4．ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IwillnothavewonfirstprizeintheEnglishcompetition._________________
___答案：will→would5．IfIamyou,IwouldgotoShanghaitowatchthefootballmatchnow.____________________答案：am→wereⅢ语法与写作1．我希望
我有一天能飞到月球去。IwishI________________________oneday.答案：could/wouldflytothemoon2．要不是天气不好，我们昨天就去野营了。Butfort
hebadweather,we____________________yesterday.答案：wouldhavegonecamping3．如果我是一个超人，我会做我想做的任何事情。If__________
______________，I________________Ilike.答案：Iwereasuperman；woulddoanything4．如果我听从了父亲的建议，我会做得更好。IfI________________myfather’ssuggestion,Iwouldhavedo
neitbetter.答案：hadtaken5．如果你事先做好准备，现在就不至于那么被动。Ifyou________________inadvance,you_____________________________
___________________________________________insuchanawkwardpositionnow.答案：hadprepared；wouldn’tbe如何写道歉信文体感知道歉信是写信人对未尽之事向收信人表
示歉意，语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫虚情假意，从而使收信人理解，并达到最终谅解。道歉信通常包括三部分：1．表示歉意，道歉的原因；2．出现差错的原因，提出弥补的措施；3．请求原谅。增分佳句1．Iapologizetoyoufor...2．Iamverysor
rytotellyouthat...3．Iapologizeagainforanytroublethatmighthavebeencausedbymycarelessness.4．Weregretnotbeingabletogiveyouamorefavorablereply.
5．RegretthetroubleI’mcausingyou.6．Wearesorryweareunabletomeetyourrequirementsfor/of...7．I’mterriblysorryformycarelessnessandpleaseforgiveme.8．
Iapologizeforwhatevertroublethisiscausingyou.9．Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletothinkinmypositionandacceptmyapology.写作要求假
设你是李华，你原定于8月28日(星期天上午8:30)到你的朋友李明家去帮他补习英语，但由于你十多年没见的叔叔来访没去成。请你写一封信表达你的歉意，并约定好下一个星期天8:30让李明到你家。注意：1.信的内容包含以上
所提的要点；2．词数：100左右。审题谋篇项目结论体裁应用文话题道歉时态以一般现在时为主人称第一人称词汇推敲1．为某事向某人道歉________________答案：apologizetosb.forsth.2．失约
________________答案：breakpromise3．突然到访________________答案：suddenarrival4．帮助某人某事________________答案：helpsb.withsth.5．接受道歉_____________
___答案：acceptapology遣词造句1．完成句子①我知道我应该为我没有在8月28日8:30去你家帮你补习英语的失约而受到责备。Ipromisedtogotoyourhousetohelpyoutoim
proveyourEnglishat8：30a．m.onAugust28th,butI__________________．So,I________________breakingmypromise.②我应该在
那天早上8:30到你家，但是我的一位十多年没见的叔叔突然到访，让我没法离开。I__________________at8：30thatmorning,butthesuddenarrivalofmyuncle__________________．Ihadn’tseenmyuncle
formorethantenyears.答案：①brokemypromise；amtoblamefor②shouldhavebeeninyourhouse;mademefailtoleave2．句式升级③用同位语从句升级①________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_④用who引导的定语从句升级②___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________答案：③IknowIamtoblameforbreakingmypromisethatIwouldgotoyourhousetohelpyouimprovey
ourEnglishat8：30a．m.onAugust28th.④Ishouldhavebeeninyourhouseat8：30thatmorning,butthesuddenarrivalofmyunclewhohadn’tbeenseenformorethantenyearsmad
emefailtoleave.妙笔成篇______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________Onepossibleversion:DearLiMing,I’mwritingtoapologizetoyoufornotcoming.IknowIamtoblameforbreakingmypromisethatIwo
uldgotoyourhousetohelpyouimproveyourEnglishat8：30a．m.onAugust28th.Ishouldhavebeeninyourhouseat8：30thatmorning,butthesuddenarrivalofmyunclewhohad
n’tbeenseenformorethantenyearsmademefailtoleave.IwillhelpyouwithyourEnglishnextSundayat8：30.Isincerelyhopethatyouwillbeabletoth
inkinmypositionandacceptmyapology.I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Bestwishes.Yourssincerely,LiHuaA卷Ⅰ单句语法填空1．ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.Whyareyo
utalkingtomeasifI____________(do)it?答案：haddone2．AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeis____________happenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.答案：what3．IfI
____________(notbe)luckyenoughtomeetyou,Ireallydon’tknowwhatIwouldhavedone.答案：hadn’tbeen4．Themillionsofcalculationinvolved,hadthey____
________(do)byhand,theywouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.答案：beendone5．IfI____________(be)you，Iwouldd
oitinanotherway.答案：were6．Ifhe____________(take)myadvice，hewouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.答案：hadtaken7．Canyouima
ginewhatdifficultypeoplehadthisyear____________(fight)againsttheseverenaturaldisasters?答案：fighting8．Thereasonwhyhefailedtheexamis____________hedid
n’tworkhard.答案：that9．____________itraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthematchtillnextFriday.答案：Should10．Whenapencilispartlyputi
ntoaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____________(break)．答案：werebrokenⅡ阅读理解Whengoingthroughmajorlifechanges,likechangingcareers,Iwould
changethepeoplewithwhomIspentthemosttime.We’veallgonethroughperiodswhenthepeopleinourliveshavechanged—graduation,movingtoanewcity,gettinganewj
ob,joininganewclub,etc.Idon’tthinkIneedtoconvinceyoujusthowmuchinfluenceotherpeoplecanhaveoveryouridentity.Ifyou’veeverexperiencedamajors
witchinyourpeopleenvironment,thenyouknowthatyouchangeaswell.Mostpeopledon’tmakethesechoicesconsciously(意识到地)though.Youmightconsciouslydecidetospen
dmoretimewithacertainfriend,oryoumayasksomeoneoutonadatetobeginanewrelationship.Butfewpeoplechoosetheirexistingfriendshipsdeliberately.There’s__n
o__“getting__rid__of__people”．Peoplearealwaysdroppingintoandoutofeachother’slives.Associationsgrowintofriendships,andfriendshipsfadeintoasso
ciations.Youdon’tgetridofanyone.Thetruthisthatinordertomakeroomfornewpeopleandnewexperiences,youmayneedtoloosenupsomeofyourex
istingconnections.Whataboutloyalty(忠诚)?Shouldn’tyoualwaysbeloyaltoyourfriends?Onceyouhaveaclosefriend,evenifhisinfluenceonyouissli
ghtlyharmful,shouldn’tyoustickbythem?Loyaltytoafriendsometimesmeanshavingtoletgo.Itmeansbeingloyaltotheirhighestandbestse
lfaswell.Ifsomeoneisdestroyinghishealthbysmoking,forexample,youaren’tshowingloyaltybysmokingrightalongwithhim.Trueloyaltys
ometimesrequiresthatyoubreakdamagingconnections,getyourselfbackonsolidground,andthendecidewhatyoucanreallydotohelpyourfriend.Itcantakealotofcour
agetotellsomeone，“I’msorry,butIcan’thaveyouinmylifeanymore.”Buteventhoughthismightseemlikeaselfishactattimes,it’softenthebes
tthingfortheotherpersontoo.Ifarelationshipisholdingyoubackinsomeway,understandthatit’salsohurtingtheotherperson.Forexample,ifyouworkforaviolentboss,y
ouracceptanceofthatsituationisconsideredtobesilentapproval,encouragingyourbosstocontinuetobehaveviolently.【解
题导语】本文讲述了人的一生会经历很多的改变，从而告诉我们：如何适应改变以及怎样做才是对朋友真正的忠诚。1．Whenexperiencingmajorlifechanges,peoplemay________．A．joinanewsocialcommunityB．influe
ncetheirfriendsaroundC．choosetheirfriendshipspurposelyD．havetheirpeopleenvironmentchangedD解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Whengoingthroughmajorlifechanges...yourpe
opleenvironment”可知，当经历人生重大改变时，人们也会经历人际环境的改变。即D项正确。2．WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3mean?A．Everyonehasatleastonefriend.B．Itisunnece
ssarytomakenewfriends.C．Friendshipsstillexistthoughtherearefewerconnections.D．Yououghttotreatyouroldandnewfriendequally.C解析：句意理解题。根据画线句后
的“Peoplearealwaysdroppinginto...existingconnections.”可知，尽管人们之间的联系少了，但友谊依然存在。故选C项。3．Whatistheauthor’sopinionontheloyaltytofriends?A．Neverbetr
ayyourclosefriendswhateverhappens.B．Correcttheirmistakeswhileyouguardtheirgoodness.C．Stickbyyourfriendseventhoughtheydoharmtoyou.D．Breakupwithyo
urfriendsimmediatelyiftheysmoke.B解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第二句和最后一句可知，作者对朋友忠诚的态度是捍卫他们的优点但也要纠正错误，即B项正确。4．Howshouldwebehavewhenemployedbyaviolentboss?A．Wesho
uldacceptwhatwearetoldtodo.B．Weshouldstaysilentandbeinfavorofit.C．Weshouldbravelydisobeyhimifheiswrong.D．Weshouldgiveourbosscouragetocon
tinue.C解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“youracceptanceofthatsituationisconsideredtobesilentapproval,encouragingyourbosstocontinuetobehavevi
olently”可知，如果老板错了，员工就要勇敢地不去服从，即C项正确。Ⅲ完形填空Standinginthedriveway,Iwatchedmygrownchildrendriveoffintothedistance.IlookeddowntheroaduntilI
couldnolongerseetheir__1__．“Theylivetoofarawayfromme，”Isaidtomyself.“Whendidthey__2__andbecomeparentso
fsmallchildren?__3__thatbeme？”Islippedbackinsidethehouseandjustwalkedthroughtheroomsfornoreason__4__．
Iwasjustmissingthemalreadyandlookingfor__5__oftheirhavingbeenhere.Therewerepillowsonthefloorandfewstuffed(填充)animals__6__aroundwherethechildr
enhadbeenplaying.Iwalkedintothe__7__andthereonthebackofthesinkwasabottlebrushthathadbeenleftbehind.“Ah,evenTessaleftsomethingbehind，”I__8__．
Well,Isupposeshehadhelp__9__shewasjustfourmonthsold.AsIwalkedaroundthehouse,Ipickedupafewmore__10__onth
efloor—Tegan’stooth,apiepan,andtheinsideofaturkeyfryer.Hmmm,thingsleftbehind...Ithoughttomyself.Itseemsthereisonet
hingleftbehindonevery__11__．Memoriesarealwaysleftbehind,Ireasoned,andwhata(n)__12__thinggoodmemoriesaretous.I
thoughthoweachitemleftbehind__13__meofthepersonitbelongedtoandthestories__14__it.Memorieshappenevenifwearen’t__15__ofit.Thestressfulanddifficultm
omentsoftenbecomememoriesthatwe__16__laterwithlaughterandjoy.Thememoriesofpasthurts,bitterness,andanger,__17__，shouldbeleftbehind__18__．T
hesearethethingsthatweshouldnever__19__untilthenexttimetheycome,mailback,orbringwithuson__20__nextvisit.AsEliza
bethStonesaid，“Tohaveachildistodecideforevertohaveyourheartgowalkingaroundoutsideyourbody.”【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，讲述作者在孩子走后回忆和孩子在一起的点点滴滴，感慨有了回忆是多么的好，有的回忆要永
远珍惜，有的回忆要永远留下。1．A.smilesB．vehiclesC．painsD．bicyclesB解析：根据Iwatchedmygrownchildrendriveoffintothedistance
.可知，孩子们是开车走了，所以作者一直看到看不见孩子的车为止。2．A.dropoutB．breakawayC．setoffD．growupD解析：根据后面“becomeparentsofsmallchildren”可知，孩子是长大了。drop
out辍学；breakaway脱开，离开，逃脱；setoff出发，动身；growup成长。3．A.Shouldn’tB．Wouldn’tC．Can’tD．Needn’tA解析：作者看到孩子们离去，突然觉得以前没觉得他们都长大
了，因此才会自问：他们是什么时候长大并当了父母的？难道不应该是我吗？Shouldn’t不应该，此处表达一种反问的语气。4．A.withjoyB．withangerC．inparticularD．inreturnC解析：作者回到房间，没有特别的原因在房
间里面走来走去。withjoy高兴的；withanger生气的；inparticular尤其，特别；inreturn作为回报。5．A.signalsB．atmosphereC．signsD．informationC解析：作者想念孩子们，在房间里寻找他们曾在这儿的痕迹。signals信号；
atmosphere气氛，大气；signs标志，迹象；information信息。6．A.jumpingB．lyingC．movingD．lookingB解析：地上有几个枕头，孩子们玩的地上躺着几个填充玩具。7.A．houseB．distanc
eC．kitchenD．drivewayC解析：根据后面thereonthebackofthesinkwasabottlebrushthathadbeenleftbehind可知，作者是到了厨房。8．A.announcedB．explai
nedC．complainedD．repliedA解析：根据前面“Ah，evenTessaleftsomethingbehind”可知，是作者说的话。announced宣布，郑重地说。9．A.whenB．u
nlessC．untilD．sinceD解析：因为她只有4个月大，我还以为有人帮她呢。since既然，由于。10．A.itemsB．toysC．memoriesD．treasuresA解析：根据后面Tegan’stooth,apiepan,andtheinsideofatu
rkeyfryer可知，作者捡起来一些物品。items物品。11．A.tableB．courseC．occasionD．comerC解析：根据后面；Memoriesarealwaysleftbehind可知，每个场合都会留下东西。occ
asion偶然，机会，场合。12．A.funnyB．privateC．ordinaryD．preciousD解析：好的记忆对我们是多么宝贵的东西啊。funny滑稽的；private私人的；ordinar
y普通的；precious宝贵的。13．A.remindedB．informedC．warnedD．convincedA解析：每个留下的物品都使我想起它的主人。reminded提醒；informed通知；warned警告；convinced使……相信。1
4．A.promotingB．surroundingC．acknowledgingD．exposingB解析：这里指围绕这些物品的故事(即记忆)。surrounding作定语修饰stories。15．A.proudB．ashamedC．
afraidD．awareD解析：有时我们还没有意识到就产生了记忆。beawareof意识到。16．A.attachimportancetoB．throwdoubtonC．getholdofD．lookbackuponD解析：一些痛苦的艰难的回忆在回顾的时候是带着笑声和快乐的。attachimpo
rtanceto重视；throwdoubton怀疑；getholdof把握；lookbackupon回顾。17．A.besidesB．thereforeC．otherwiseD．howeverD解析：然而，过去的伤痛、痛苦、愤怒的回忆是应该留下的。besides此外；therefore因此；oth
erwise否则；however然而。18．A.partlyB．sometimesC．foreverD．unwillinglyC解析：根据后面Thesearethethingsthatweshouldnever...unt
ilthenexttimetheycome可知，这些不好的记忆应该永远留下来。partly部分地；sometimes有时；forever永远；unwillingly不愿意地。19．A.presentB．keepC．ove
rlookD．experienceB解析：有些东西我们不该留到下次再次出现。present呈现；keep保持；overlook忽视；experience经历。20．A.yourB．theirC．itsD．ourD解析：或者是我们下次去探望的时候带着。B卷Ⅰ阅读理解AThewordo
rphrasethatyouusetoopenyouremailaccountmayprovideakeytoyourpersonalityaswellastoyourcorrespondence(信件),accordingtoaBr
itishpsychologist.HelenPetrie,professorofhuman/computerinteraction(交互作用)atCity，UniversityinLondon,analysedtheresponsesof1，200Britonswhopartici
patedinasurveyfunded(提资金)byCentralNic,anInternetdomainnamecompany.TheresultswererecentlypublishedonCentra
lNic’swebsite.Petrieidentifiesthreemainpassword“types”．“Familyoriented”respondentsnumberednearlyhalfo
fthosesurveyed.Thesepeopleusetheirownnameornickname,thenameofachild,partner,orpetorabirthdateastheirpassword.Theytendtobeoccasionalcomputerusersa
ndhavestrongfamilyties.“Theychoosepasswordsthatsymbolizepeopleoreventswithemotionalvalue，”saysPetrie.Onethirdofrespondentswere“fans”，usingthenamesof
athletes,singers,moviestars,fictionalcharacters,orsportsteams.Petriesaysfansareyoungandwanttoattachthemselvestothel
ifestylerepresentedbyacelebrity.TwoofthemostpopularnameswereMadonnaandHomerSimpson.Thethirdmaingroupofparticipantsare“cryptics”becauseth
eypickconfusingpasswordsorarandom(随机的)stringofletters,numbers,andsymbolssuchas“Jxa＋157”．Petriesayscrypticsarethemostsecurity-consciousgroup.Theyt
endtomakethesafestbutleastinterestingchoices.Passwordsarerevealingfortworeasons.First，becausetheyareinventedonthespot.“Sinceyouarefocusedongetti
ngintoasystem,forexampleyouremailaccount,you’relikelytowritedownsomethingthatcomesquicklytomind，”saysPetrie.“Inthissensepasswordsta
keadvantageofthingsthatarejustbelowthesurfaceofconsciousness.Also，torememberyourpassword,youpicksomethingthatwillstickinyourmind.You
mayunconsciouslychoosesomethingofparticularemotionalimportance.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，密码可以揭示人们的个性。1．HowdidPetriedrawherconclus
ions?A．Byobservingparticipants’reactions.B．Byinterviewing1，200people.C．Bystudyingsurveyresults.D．Bydoingan
experiment.C解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的analysedtheresponsesof1，200Britonswhoparticipatedinasurvey可知，HelenPetrie分析了参与调查的1200位英国人的答复，得出“密码会揭示人的个性”的结论
。2．Whatdoweknowaboutpeoplewhosepasswordsare“familyoriented”？A．Theyprobablyhavelargefamilies.B．Theyarelikelytobeanima
llovers.C．Theytendtobesocialandemotional.D．Theyareprobablyinfrequentcomputerusers.D解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的Theyt
endtobeoccasionalcomputerusersandhavestrongfamilyties.可知，用家庭信息作为密码的人往往不经常用电脑，而且有很强的家庭纽带。3．WhatdoesPe
triesayaboutthe“cryptic”group?A．Theyhavestrongsafetyawareness.B．Theylackimaginationandcreativity.C．Theychangetheirpasswordsreg
ularly.D．Theycan’tthinkofaninterestingpassword.A解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的Petriesayscrypticsarethemostsecurity-consciousgroup.Theytendtomaketh
esafestbutleastinterestingchoices.可知，Petrie认为cryptics是最有安全意识的群体。4．Whycanpasswordsrevealourpersonalities?A．Wechoosewordswewilleasilyre
member.B．Wearewillingtoinventsomethingpersonal.C．Wearelikelytovalueimportantexperiences.D．Wepickupapasswordaftercarefulcon
sideration.A解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的torememberyourpassword,youpicksomethingthatwillstickinyourmind可知，在设密码时，我们往往会写下脑子里首先想到的，要记住密码，我们会选那些容易记住的
。BFromselfdrivingcarstocarebots(care＋robots)forelderlypeople,rapiddevelopmentintechnologyhaslongrepresentedapossiblethreat
tomanyjobsnormallyperformedbypeople.Butexpertsnowbelievethatalmost50percentofoccupationsexistingtodaywillbecompletelyun
necessaryby2025asartificialintelligencecontinuestochangebusinesses.“Thenextfifteenyearswillseearevolutioninhowwework,and
arevolutionwillnecessarilytakeplaceinhowweplanandthinkaboutworkplaces，”saidPeterAndrew,DirectorofWorkplaceStrategyforCBREAsiaPacifi
c.Agrowingnumberofjobsinthefuturewillrequirecreativeintelligence,socialskillsandtheabilitytouseartificialintelligence.Thereportisbase
doninterviewswith200experts,businessleadersandyoungpeoplefromAsiaPacific,EuropeandNorthAmerica.ItshowsthatintheUStech
nologyalreadydestroysmorejobsthanitcreates.Butthereportstates：“Losingoccupationsdoesnotnecessarilymeanlosingjobs—justchangingwhat
peopledo.”Growthinnewjobscouldoccurasmuch,accordingtotheresearch.“Thegrowthof20to40personcompaniesthathavethespeed
andtechnologicalknowhowwilldirectlychallengebigcompanies，”itstates.A2014reportbyPewResearchfound52percentofexpertsinarti
ficialintelligenceandroboticswereoptimisticaboutthefutureandbelievedtherewouldstillbeenoughjobsinthenextfewyears.Theoptimistspictured“a
futureinwhichrobotsdonottaketheplaceofmorejobsthantheycreate，”accordingtoAaronSmith,thereport’scoauthor.
“Technologywillcontinuetoaffectjobs,butmorejobsseemlikelytobecreated.Althoughtherehavealwaysbeenunemployedpeople,whenwereache
dafewbillionpeopletherewerebillionsofjobs.Thereisnoshortageofthingsthatneedtobedoneandthatwillnotchange，”Mic
rosoft’sJonathanGrudintoldresearchers.【解题导语】本文讲述了未来社会人工智能的发展。5．Accordingtothereport,________．A．peoplewon’tnecessarilylosejobsB．
bigcompanieswillfacefewerchallengesC．smallcompanieswillwinagainstbigcompaniesD．mostpeoplewillbecomeinterestedintechnologyA解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲人工智能的发展会对人
们未来生活产生影响，很多职业将会消失，但失去职业并不等于丢掉工作，只是改变了人们做的是什么，人们将会从事更具创造性的工作。故选A项。6．Wecaninferfromthetextthatinthefuture
________．A．peoplewillfacemanydifficultiesB．peoplewilltakeupmorecreativejobsC．artificialintelligencewillthreatenpeople’slivesD．mostj
obswillbedoneintraditionalworkplacesB解析：推理判断题。根据文章大意的理解，人们将会从事更具创造性的工作。故选B项。7.Whatistheattitudeofmostexpertsinartificialintelligenc
eandroboticstothefuture?A．Mixed.B．Worried.C．Hopeful.D．Doubtful.C解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Theoptimistspictured“afutureinwhichrobotsdonottakethep
laceofmorejobsthantheycreate，”accordingtoAaronSmith可知，这些专家们对人工智能的未来充满了希望。故选C项。8．JonathanGrudin’sword
sinthelastparagraphsuggestthat________．A．therewillbeenoughjobsforpeopleB．thingswillchangealotinafewyearsC．manypeoplewillbecomeunemployedD．tech
nologywilltotallychangefuturejobsA解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Technologywillcontinuetoaffectjobs,butmorejobsseemlikelyt
obecreated.Althoughtherehavealwaysbeenunemployedpeople,whenwereachedafewbillionpeopletherewerebillionsofjobs.”可知，在未来社会，人们虽然会失业，但却会
面临更多的需要创造性的工作。故选A项。CDearHiringManager，IwasfirstimpressedwithSharonWestman’senthusiasm,communicationskillsandprofessionalman
nerwhenIhiredherfouryearsagoasacustomerservicerepresentativewithinJRWInc.’scallcenter.DuringthetwoyearsSh
aronreportedtome(Ihavesincemovedontoadifferentdepartment),shealwaysshowedallofthesequalitiesandmore,andIheartilysupportherforanycustomerservicepos
ition.Sharonisalwaysreliableandoptimistic.Herabilitytocalmangryorfrustratedcustomersisunparalleled(无与伦比的),whichisworthlearningandIrepeatedlyas
kedhertotrainnewemployeesinthecallcenter.Sharonisalsoabletohandleseveraltasksatthesametime.Sheoftenmetorevendidbetterthanallweeklycall
centerstandards,andherdailywrittenreportswereaccurate.OfparticularvaluetomeasaformercallcentermanagerwasSharon’steamplayermindset(心态).Iregularly
receivedpraisefromcolleaguesandcustomersspeakinghighlyofSharon’soutstandinglevelofservice,andprofessionalism.Organizedanddiligent,Sharonquick
lylearnedtechnologysystemsandsoftwarethatwereunfamiliartoherwhenshefirststartedwithJRW;shealsoattendedoptionalprofessional-developmentclassesoffe
redthroughthecompany.SheisstudyingforadegreeinbusinessthrougheveningclassesatABCCommunityCollege.Sharonisahard
working,topperformingcustomerserviceprofessional.Shehasmyhighestrecommendation(推荐),andIamhappytogivemoredetailsi
fyouwouldlikeadditionalinformation.Sincerely，CarlaPedersonFieldServiceManagerJRWInc.【解题导语】本文是一封推荐信，作者在
信中列举了他的一位前员工的各种优秀之处。9．WhywasSharonaskedtotrainnewemployees?A．Shelovedrepeatedwork.B．Shehadaninterestintraining.C．Newemployeeslovedherverymuch.D．He
rcommunicationskillswereusefulforthem.D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的Herability...whichisworthlearningandIrepeatedlyaske
dhertotrainnewemployeesinthecallcenter.可知，作者觉得Sharon擅长和顾客沟通这一点值得学习，所以让她训练新员工。10．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．Sharonwants
tostartanewcompany.B．Sharonalwaystriestoimproveherself.C．SharonleftJRWtoattendbusinessclasses.D．Sharonwasresponsiblefo
rtechnologysystems.B解析：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，Sharon掌握了技术系统，选修个人发展课程，还在修读商科，表明她一直在提升自己。11．What’stheauthor’spurpo
seofwritingthisletter?A．TopraiseSharonforhergoodqualities.B．TothankSharonforwhatshehasdone.C．TorecommendSharonforanewjob.D．Torecalloneofhisforme
remployees.C解析：写作意图题。根据文章最后一句Shehasmyhighestrecommendation(推荐),andIamhappytogivemoredetailsifyouwouldlikeadditional
information.可知，本文是作者为Sharon的新工作写的推荐信。Ⅱ语法填空“Remember,yourfatherisonlyoneyear1.____________(old)thanyou.”Th
atwasMum’susualexcusewhenDadsaidthewrongthingsordidsomething2.____________(fool)．DadquitteddrinkingexactlyoneyearbeforeIwasborn.Hejoinedagroupof
otherpeople.Hesaidthey3.____________(stop)drinking,too.Ilovedmydad4.____________Ihatedthewayhisweeklymeetingsto
okhimaway5.____________me.ItseemedthattheyweremoreimportanttohimthanIwas.ButwithmybirthdaycomingupIthoughtDadwouldmakean6.____________(except)
．“Can’tyoumissitjustthistime?Saturdayismybirthday!”Ibeggedhimbut7.____________(refuse)．Hesaid“IamchairingthemeetingthisSaturday.Wewillhaveyou
rpartyonSunday.”SaturdayeveningIsatonmybed,8.____________(feel)sorryformyself.Dadstartedtoleave,thenpausedandsaid,“Whynotc
omewithmetogethertonight?It’sanopenmeeting.Allarewelcome.”9.____________wouldIdoatameeting?ButmaybeIneed
edtoseewhysomethingDaddideveryweekmatteredsomuch.Afterwearrived,Dadannouncedthatthethemeofthemeetingwasgoingtobeg
ratitude.Hetoldhisstoryaboutgivingupsmoking.Later,aman10.____________(call)Davealsotoldhisstory.OnlythendidIkn
owitwasDadthatsavedhislifefromdrinking.Showingupweekafterweekandmeetingwithpeople,Dadwaschanginglives.Shamewashedoverme.1．older解析：句中
出现than,用比较级。2．foolish解析：形容词修饰不定代词something,意为“一些愚蠢的事”。3．hadstopped解析：戒酒的事情在爸爸说话前已经发生，故用过去完成时。4．but解析：前半句说爱爸爸，后半句又说讨厌，前后句意转折，用but。5．from解析：take
sb.awayfromsb.把某人带走；让某人远离。6．exception解析：不定冠词an后用名词，exception例外。7．wasrefused解析：我祈求他但是被他拒绝了，前后时态一致，都用过去时，这里表被动，故用一般过去时
的被动语态。8．feeling解析：feel的逻辑主语是I,这里用动词的现在分词形式表伴随。9．What解析：do缺少宾语，此处意为“我在会上干什么呢？”，故用What。10．called解析：过去分词作后置定语，相当于定语从句that/w
howascalled。意为“一个叫Dave的人”。Ⅲ书面表达由于某种原因，李明昨晚未能按时到纽约剧院见黄涛。现以李明的身份向黄涛写一封道歉信。信中包括以下内容：1．昨天未能准时到剧院的原因——妈妈迟归，要照顾弟弟；2．晚8点才赶到剧院，迟到了45
分钟。李明以为黄涛已经走了，没有见到他；3．提出解决办法。注意：1.内容应包括以上要点，可以适当发挥，增加细节，以使文章连贯；2．词数100左右。______________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________________________________Onepossibleversion：DearHuangTao,Iamverysorryfo
rfailingtomeetyoulastnight.Ihopeyoudidnotwaittoolongoutside.Ihadtolookaftermysmallbrotheruntilmymotherreturnedhom
e.ShearrivedhomemuchlaterthanusualandIcouldn’tcatchthelastbus.SoIdecidedtogetonatrainandIarrivedattheNewYorkTheatreateighto’cloc
k.Ididn’tthinkthatyouwouldstillbetherebecauseitwasthreequartersofanhourlate.Idohopethatyouwillforgiveme.
Anyway,howaboutnextFriday?Love,LiMing
