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黄山市2023届高中毕业班第一次质量检测英语试题本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。答案应写在答题卷上,不能答在试题卷上。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上
的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:H
owmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whichtrainwillthemancatch?A.The6:00pmone.B.The6:40pmone.C.The7:15pmone.2.Whyis
thewomantirednow?A.Shewashedsomeshoes.B.ShedidsomecookingC.Shewentforarun.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers
?A.Neighbors.B.Mummerandcustomer.C.Goodfriends.4.Whatdoesthewomanplantodotomorrowmorning?A.Makeacake.B.Prepareaparty.C.
Pickupthedrycleaning.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Aprogramhost.B.Ateacher.C.Anactress.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白,选
出最佳选项。听第6段材料,回苔第6至7题。6.WhereisAndynowprobably?A.IntherestaurantB.Inthesportscenter.C.Attheairport7.Whydoesthemanmakethecall?
A.TosendaninvitationtoAndy.B.ToaskAndyforsomeinformation.C.TotellAndythenewmeetingtime.听第7段材料,回答第8至9题。8.Wheredoes
theconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shome.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthehospital.9.Whatdoesthewomanneed?A.Somemedicine.B.Somefood.C.Somemagazines.听第
8段材料,回答第10至12题。10.Whichtypeofroomdocsthewomanwant?AAsingleroom.B.Adoubleroom.C.Aqueenroom.11.Howmuchdoesthewomanneedto
payintotal?A.$100.B.$250.C.$500.12.Whatisthewomangoingtodofirst?A.Showherpassport.B.Visitthebookedroom.C.Makethepayment.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Howmany
musiciansdidthewomaninterview?A.Three.B.Six.C.Nine.14.Whatdidthemusicianshaveincommon?A.Theywereallyoung.B.Theywereallmal
es.C.Theyallwonsomeprizes.15.Whatdidthewomanworryaboutbeforeconductingtheinterviews?A.Theprocedureoftheinterviews.B.Theinterviewmethod.C.The
qualityoftheinterviews.16.Whatdidthewomanthinkoftheinterviews?A.Difficult.B.Informal.C.Interesting.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题
。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.MakingareportB.Hostingaprogram.C.Givingaclass.18.Wherecanlistenerslistentopopmusic?.A.OnRadio1.B.OnRadio2.C.OnRadio3
.19.Whatarelistenersusuallyrequiredtopayfor?A.Thelatestmovies.B.ThefamoussongsC.Thelivesportsgames20.Whatisrecommendedforth
elatestnews?A.Thenationalradio.B.TV1andTV2C.Thelocalnewspapers.第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分375分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APassionateVolunteerLanguageEducatorsforInternationalGlobalvoyageWantedTh
eGlobalEnglishEspañolTrainingProgramme(GET)isPeaceBoar’sEnglishandSpanishschool.Onourvoyages,thisprogrammeisrunbyinternationaltea
msofpassionatevolumeterteacherswhoinspireourstudentstouselanguagetomakeconnectionswithpeoplefromallovertheworld.GETisnowacce
ptingapplicationsforEnglishandSpanishlanguageteachersforthe113thGlobalVoyage.TheapplicationsmustbesubmittedbeforeAugust1,2023.Al
linterviewswillbeconductedonlineandwilltakeplacebetweenAugust29,2023andSeptember2,2023.Formoreinformation,downloadourapplicationpack
orsendusanemail.PeaceBoatandGETarekeepingup-to-datewithglobalCOVID-19developments.Thesafetyofourpassengers,vol
unteers,staff,andcrewismostimportant.Conditionsofemployment:Thispositionisforenthusiastic,highlymotivated,dynamicindividualswitha
minimumof18monthsoffull-timeteachingexperience.ApplicantsshouldbehighlyadvancedspeakersofEnglishorSpanish,althoughitisnotneces
sarytobea“native”or“firstlanguage”speaker.Certification,graduatedegreesandormulti-languageabilitiesarehighlyregarded-thoughnotrequire
d.Pleasenote:thisisavolunteerposition,butvoyageexpensearecovered.Allsuccessfulapplicantsmustbeabletoattendthepre-voyagerulingtobeheldinTokyoro
ughlyoneweekbeforetheofficialdeparturedate.ForSpanishteachers:PleasenotethatallteacherrelatexdGETProgrammeadmi
nistrativeactivitiesandcorrespondenceareconductedinEnglish.AllapplicationmaterialshouldbepresentedinEnglish.1.Wha
tistheapplicationsdeadline?A.August1,2023.B.August31,2023.C.August29,2023.D.September2,2023.2.Whatisrequiredoftheappearance?A.Theymusthavefull-t
imeteachingexperience.B.Theymusthavegraduatedegrees.C.TheyhavetopayfortheirvoyageexpensesthemselvesD.Theyhavetoworkwithnativespeakersforover18mo
nths.3.WhatshouldSpanishapplicantspayattentionto?A.LearningaboutseaareasaroundJapan.B.TakingavoyagearoundJapanbeforethedeparturedate.C.Keepi
nginclosetouchwithGETadministrativestaff.D.WritingtheirapplicationmaterialinEnglish.【答案】1.A2.A3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应
用文。文章是一篇诚聘国际环球航行语言教育义工的招募启事。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“TheapplicationsmustbesubmittedbeforeAugust1,2023.(申
请必须在2023年8月1日前提交。)”可知,申请截止日期为2023年8月1日。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Thispositionisforenthusiastic,highlymotivated
,dynamicindividualswithaminimumof18monthsoffull-timeteachingexperience.(该职位适合有热情、上进心强、有活力的人,至少有18个月的全职教学经验。)”可知,必须有全职教学经验。故
选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“AllapplicationmaterialshouldbepresentedinEnglish.(所有申请材料必须用英文呈现。)”可知,西班牙申请者应该注意用英语撰写申请材料。故选D。BAfewyearsag
oIwentshoppingwithafriendforanowmotorcycle.Hedidn’thaveaparticularmakeormodelinmind.Hisonlytwocritteria?Abigengin
e—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall,arelativetyrelaxedridingposition.IsuggestedaHayabusa,whichmethiscriter
ia.OranXS-14R.Bothwerewithinhisbudget,especiallytheHayabusasincethedealerwasofferinga$2.500discountonap
reviousyear’smodel.Herodethembothandlovedthemboth.ThenhebecameveryinterestedinaZX-6RKRT.Greatmotorcycle,sure.Butamuchsmallermotor.Andariding
positionthatmadehimlooklikeacontortedmantis(变形的螳螂).Itseemedlikeanoddchoice.Untilithitme.Thepurchaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelm
et.Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreewasextremelyappealing.Afterallthemathdidn’twork.Weeven
tuallynegotiated$3,200offthepriceoftheHayabusa.Thefreehelmetwasonlyworth$250.A2017studypublishedinMarketingScie
ncefoundthatpeopletendtosignificantlyovervalue“free”.Whenfacedwithachoiceofselectingoneofseveralavailab
leproducts,peoplewillchoosetheoptionwiththehighestcost-benefitdifference,however,decisionsaboutfree(zero-price)products
differ,inthatpeopledonotsimplytakeawaycostsfrombenefitsbutinsteadconsiderthebenefitsassociatedwithfreeproductsasTwomonthslatermyfiendtradedinhis6
Rfora14R.Butdon’tthinkbadlyofhim.We’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.Sowheneversomethingisfree,stopandconsidertheintent,andsee“f
ree”asareasontodoevenmoremath.4.Whatkindofmotorcycledidtheauthor’sfriendintendtobuy?A.Agoodsecond-handone.B.Apreviousyear’sHayabusa.C.Ahighlyfashio
nableXS-14RD.Apowerfulandcomfortableone.5.WhataspectoftheZX-6RKRTdealattractedtheauthor’sfriendmost?A.Itsprice.B.Itsfreegift.C.Its750cceng
ine.D.Itsclassicaldesign.6Whydoestheauthormentionthe2017study?A.Toofferhisfriendabetterpurchaseplan.B.Tostresstheimp
ortanceofnegotiatingskills.C.Totellreadershowtogetmorezero-priceproducts.D.Toexplainwhyhisfriendmadesuchanunwisechoice.7.Whatwouldbetheb
esttitleforthetext?A.It’stimetostopdoingthemathB.GettingsomethingforfreeissofunC.“Free”issometimestheworstdeal.D.Wealllovetobuysomethingonsale.【答案】4.
D5.B6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者的朋友想买摩托车,没有买适合自己的车子,反而因为免费的头盔买了让自己看起来像变形的螳螂的车子。所以,当东西是免费的,你要停下来考虑一下意图,因为“免
费”有时是最糟糕的交易。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据首段第三四句“Hisonlytwocritteria?Abigengine—sincetoomuchhorsepowerisneverenough—andsincehe’stall
,arelativetyrelaxedridingposition.(他仅有的两个标准是什么?一个大引擎——因为大马力才够用——因为他很高,所以坐的位置相对轻松。)”可知,作者朋友买摩托车的两个标准是:大马力和舒服。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Untilithitme.Thepur
chaseofanymotorcycle750ccandundercamewithafreehelmet.(直到我突然意识到。购买任何750cc及以下的摩托车都可免费赠送头盔。)”以及第六段“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,gettingoneforfreew
asextremelyappealing.(因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔,所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”可知,最吸引作者的朋友是ZX-6RKRT的免费的头盔。故选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“Sincemyfriendalsowantedanewhelmet,getti
ngoneforfreewasextremelyappealing.(因为我的朋友也想要一个新头盔,所以免费得到一个头盔非常有吸引力。)”以及倒数第三段首句“A2017studypublishedinMarketingScience
foundthatpeopletendtosignificantlyovervalue“free”.(2017年发表在《营销科学》上的一项研究发现,人们往往会严重高估“免费”的价值。)”可知,作者提及2017年的研究是为了解释
为什么他的朋友做出了如此不明智的选择,因为免费的头盔买了不适合自己的车子。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“We’veallbeenblindedbythepowerof“free”.(我们都被“免费”的力量蒙蔽了双眼)”根据末段“Sowheneversomethingisfree
,stopandconsidertheintent,andsee“free”asareasontodoevenmoremath.(因此,无论什么时候,只要有东西是免费的,就停下来考虑一下意图,并将“免费”视为做更多数学运
算的理由。)”以及全文朋友买摩托车的故事可知,当东西是免费的,你要停下来考虑一下意图,因为“免费”有时是最糟糕的交易。故选C。CAteamofresearchersfromtheUniversityofGroningen,theUniversityofTuscia,Roflight,
LemselobrinkandtheRoyalNetherlandsAirForcehasdesigned,builtandtestedarobotnamedRobotFalconfashionedtolookandflylikeaperegrinef
alcon(游隼)asameansofdrivingoffflocks(群)ofbirdsaroundairports.Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetof
lyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillbecaused-occasionallywithdisastrousresults.Theplanethatfamouslyl
andedontheHudsonRiverin2009,forexample,wasdamagedbybirdsenteringtheplane’senginesaccidentally,causingtheirfailure.
Scientistshavebeenworkingonwaystopreventbirdsfromenteringflightspacesbutthusfarhavemetwithonlypartialsuccess.Currentl
ydrones(无人机)areusedtoscarebirdsaway,asaretrainedfalconsaridsystemsthatmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.Inthishoweffort
,theresearcherstookanewapproach-theydesignedaremote-controlledflyingrobotjustlikeaperegrinefalconthatcatchesandkillsother
birds,whichthereforetrytoavoidit.TheresultistheRobotFalcon,whichispaintedtolooklikearealperegrinefalconandispoweredbyaninternalen
gine.Tocapablycopytheflyingpatternsofafalcon,theresearchersstudiedtheflyingcharacteristicsofrealbirdsandthenaddedfeaturestotheirrobotbir
dthatwouldallowittoflyinsimilarways.Duringfieldtests,therobotbirdscaredawayentireflocksofbirdswithinfiveminutesofarrival:onhalfoftheseflight
s,itwasabletoclearthefieldwithin70seconds.Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththesameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabitu
ation-theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“menace”inparagraph2mea
n?A.Wonder.B.Threat.C.Limit.D.Target.9.Whichofthefollowinghasbeenusedtoscarebirdsaway?A.Selectedwildfalcons.B.Dronesinth
eshapeofbirds.C.Systemsproducingbirds’bittercries.D.Speciallydesignedplaneengines.10.Whatcontributestothe-researche
rsselectingaperegrinefalconfortheirdesign?A.ItisscaryB.Itcanbeeasilycaught.C.ItistypicalinRoflight.D.Ithasuniqueflyingpatterns.11
.Whywastherobottestedrepeatedlywiththesameflockofbirds?A.Topredictitsservicelife.B.Toimproveitsefficiency.C.Toworkouta
serviceschedule.D.Tomeasureitslong-termeffectiveness.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁,为
了阻止鸟类出现在机场,研究人员用像游隼一样的无人机吓跑鸟类,效果显著。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第一二句“Birds,whetheraloneorinflocks,areamenacetoflyingplanes.Whenaplanestrikesabird,damagewillb
ecaused-occasionallywithdisastrousresults.(鸟类,无论是单独的还是成群的,对飞行的飞机都是一种。当飞机撞上一只鸟时,会造成损害,有时还会造成灾难性的后果。)”可知,当
飞机撞上一只鸟时,会造成损害。所以鸟类对于飞行的飞机来说是一种威胁,menace意为“威胁”。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段末句“Currentlydrones(无人机)areusedtoscarebirdsaway,asaretrainedfalconsaridsystemstha
tmakesoundsofbirdsingreatpain.(目前无人机被用来吓跑鸟类,正如制造出使鸟类产生巨大的痛苦声音的训练有素的游隼和系统。)”可知,产生鸟类痛苦叫声的系统被用来吓跑鸟类。故选C。10题详解】推理判
断题。根据第四段“Inthishoweffort,theresearcherstookanewapproach-theydesignedaremote-controlledflyingrobotjustlikeaperegrinefalcontha
tcatchesandkillsotherbirds,whichthereforetrytoavoidit.(在这项研究中,研究人员采用了一种新的方法——他们设计了一种遥控飞行机器人,就像游隼一样,可以捕捉并杀
死其他鸟类,因此这些鸟类都试图避开它。)”可知,游隼可以捕捉并杀死其他鸟类,因此这些鸟类都害怕。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据末段末句“Theteamconductedmultipletestswiththe
sameflockofbirdsoverthreemonthsandfoundnohabituation-theywereafraidofitnomatterhowoftentheysawit.(研究小组在三个多月的时间里对同一群鸟进行了多次测试,没有发现
他们习以为常——无论它们多久看到一次,它们都害怕。)”可知,机器人被反复测试是为了来衡量它的长期效果,检测看看这些鸟是不是会习以为常。故选D。DAstheyear2023istheYearoftheRabbitinChina,manybrandhaverolled
outanarrayofrabbit-themedgoods.WangChuchun,an18-year-oldfreshmanfromXiamenUniversityinFujian,boughtapairo
fshoesfromtherabbit【collectionmadebyHolli,adomesticbrand,duringtheSpringFestivalholiday.“IwouldliketoseeChineseculturebemoreincorporatedin
toconsumergoodsthatcarryavarietyofbeautifulconnotations(内涵).”Wangtoldjournalist.Guochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbeco
meakeywordforthisyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownaswei
pinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).Thesalesvolumeof361Degrees,asportsequipmentcompany,sawariseof188perce
ntonayear-on-yearbasisduringtheSpringFestivalwiththeirrabbitcollection.Whoisbehindthesurgeofsalesforgu
ochaoproducts?AccordingtoareportreleasedbydataserviceproviderAurora,theproportionofyoungpeopleinterestedintheguochaoproducts
accountedformorethan70percentofconsumers.ThusthetargetmarketoftheguochaoproductsisChina’s400million-st
rongarmyofyoungconsumers,TomHarper,alecturerininternationalrelationsattheUniversityofEastLondon,saidtoTheConversation.LiketheirpeersinWester
ncountries,China’sGenZconsumersareenthusiasticusersofsocialmedia;butthatiswherethesimilaritiesend.Thisgenerationhasgrownupdur
ingChina’srapideconomicdevelopmentinthe2000sand2010s,whichisamarkedcontrasttotheirpeersintheWest,whocameofage,intheshadowofthe2008financialcrisis.A
saresult,theyhavebeencharacterizedasbeingmoreconfidentandbettereducatedthanpreviousgenerations.“Complexandprofoundsocialandcultu
ralfactorhavecontributedtotheriseofguochao.ButitallcomesdowntodecadesofstabledevelopmentinChina.Asourcountryentersaneraofpros
perity(繁荣),ourculturalconfidencegetsboostedaswell,”saidWang.12.WhyisWangChuchun’sexperiencementionedatthebeginningofthetext?A.Toi
llustratewhatyoungpeopleliketobuy.B.Toleaduptothetopicoftheguochaotrend.C.Toshowthepopularityofrabbit-themedgoods
.D.Tostresstherisinginfluenceofdomesticbrands.13.Whataspectofguochaoproductsdoesparagraph3focuson?A.Theirtargets.B.T
heirfeatures.C.Theirpopularity.D.Theirmarketpotential14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutChina’sGenZconsumers?A.Theirshoppi
nghabitsaremainlydrivenbysocialmedia.B.TheyhavebenefitedfromrapidgrowthineconomyC.They’remoreconfidentthantheirWesternpeers.D.Th
ey’vebeendeeplyaffectedbythefinancialcrisis.15.Whatisthefundamentalreasonfortheriseofguochaoaccordingto
Wang?A.China’sstabledevelopment.B.China’ssocialandculturalfactors.C.Thepopularityofsocialmedia.D.Youngpeople’srisingculturalconfidence.【答案】12
.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。随着2023兔年的到来,中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词,中国Z代人强大的消费能力受益于中国经济的稳步发展。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段““IwouldliketoseeC
hineseculturebemoreincorporatedintoconsumergoodsthatcarryavarietyofbeautifulconnotations(内涵).Wangtoldjournalist.(“我希望中国文化更多地融入到具有
各种美好内涵的消费品中。”王告诉记者。)”以及第三段首句“Guochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbecomeakeywordforth
isyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownasweipinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).(据
在线零售商唯品会统计,将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为今年春节商品消费的关键词。)”可知,文章开头提到了王楚春的经历是为了引出国潮趋势的话题。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“G
uochao,thecombinationofChinesetraditionswithmoderndesigns,hasbecomeakeywordforthisyear’sSpringFestivalproductconsumption
,accordingtostatisticsfromVipshop(alsoknownasweipinhuiinChinese),anonlineretailer(零售商).Thesalesvolumeof361Degrees,asportsequipmentcompany,sa
wariseof188percentonayear-on-yearbasisduringtheSpringFestivalwiththeirrabbitcollection.(据在线零售商唯品会统计,将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”已成为
今年春节商品消费的关键词。运动器材公司361°的兔子系列在春节期间的销售额同比增长了188%。)”可知,将中国传统与现代设计相结合的“国潮”成为关键词以及361°的兔子系列销售额同比增长了188%都说明
了国潮商品极高的受欢迎度。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段第一句“ThisgenerationhasgrownupduringChina’srapideconomicdevelopmentinthe2000sand2010s,whichisama
rkedcontrasttotheirpeersintheWest,whocameofage,intheshadowofthe2008financialcrisis.(这一代人成长于本世纪头10年和2010年中国经济快速发展的时期,这与西
方同龄人形成了鲜明对比,后者在2008年金融危机的阴影下长大成人。)”可知,中国的Z世代消费者受益于经济的快速增长。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据末段末句““Butitallcomesdowntodecadesofs
tabledevelopmentinChina.Asourcountryentersaneraofprosperity(繁荣),ourculturalconfidencegetsboostedaswell,”saidWang.(“但这一切都归
结于中国几十年的稳定发展。随着我国进入繁荣时代,我们的文化自信也得到了增强。”王说。)”可知,王认为,国朝兴起的根本原因是中国经济的稳步发展。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选
出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Itiseasytogetcarriedawayinanargument.Whilehavingarational(理性的)conversationwithsomeonewhohasadifferentopinionmi
ghtseemlikeachallenge,itispossible.____16____TheEmpathy(同理心)ChallengeinanexercisecreatedbyZoeChance,seniorlecturerattheY
aleSchoolofManagement.AtYale,Chanceteachesacoursecalled“MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion”wherestudents
learntocommunicatemoreeffectively.____17____“Astheyexplaintheirposition,youlistenfortheirunderlying(潜在的)value
s.Finally,youlookforcommongroundasyoureflectthosevaluesback.That’sit.”____18____.Asshecouldn’tunderstandwhymanypeoplechosetovoteforD
onaldTrump,shefoundthreeTrump’svotersandspokewiththem.Throughaskingquestions,Chancewasabletoempathizewiththemandrealizetheyhadsimilarfee
lings.Oneman,anOrthodoxJew,explainedthathesupportedTrumpbecauseTrump’sdaughterandson-in-lawareJewish.____19____.Thethirdwasalawyer
whobelievedthatauthenticity(真实性)wasimportantinpoliticalleaders.AlthoughChanceandthosepeoplehaddifferentpoliticalbeliefs,theywereabletorelatetoth
elifevaluesofothers.____20____A.Onewayistoapproachtheotherpersonwithempathy.B.Chancefirsttookthischallenge
herselfbeforeaskingherstudentstotry.C.ThenextmanwasaRussianimmigrantpassionate(热爱的)aboutfreedom.D.Andthat’sthe
pointoftheexercise-tounderstandothersasfellowhumanbeings.E.Aresearchsuggestedthatcarryingconversationcanboostpeople’sempathyforothers.
F.Inherblog,Chanceexplainsthatit’simportanttolistentopeoplewhodisagreewithyou.G.Anothermantriedtoexplorereasonablepersuasionwithoutcarryingawayheru
nderlyingalues.【答案】16.A17.F18.B19.C20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战,但也是可能的。钱斯教授为了让学生学习如何更有效地沟通,自己先进行练习挑战,找到了三个特朗普的选民,并与他们交谈。虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的
政治信仰,但依然能够理解他人的人生价值观,从而证明了练习有效沟通的意义。【16题详解】前文“Whilehavingarational(理性的)conversationwithsomeonewhohasadifferentopinionmightseemlikeac
hallenge,itispossible.(在争论中很容易失去理智。虽然与持不同意见的人进行理性对话似乎是一种挑战,但这是可能的。)”说明与持不同意见的人进行理性对话虽是挑战,但也是可能的。结合选项。A
项“Onewayistoapproachtheotherpersonwithempathy.(一种方法是带着同理心接近对方。)”符合语意逻辑,介绍与持不同意见的人进行理性对话是可能的的方法。故选A。【17题详解】前文“AtYale,Chanceteachesacourseca
lled“MasteringInfluenceandPersuasion”wherestudentslearntocommunicatemoreeffectively.(在耶鲁大学,钱斯教授一门名为“掌握影响力和说服”的课程,让学生学
习如何更有效地沟通。)”介绍钱斯教授让学生学习如何更有效地沟通的课程。结合选项,F项“Inherblog,Chanceexplainsthatit’simportanttolistentopeoplewhodisagreewith
you.(在她的博客中,钱斯解释说,倾听不同意你的人是很重要的。)”承接上文,都是在介绍如何更有效地沟通的方法。而且人物一致。故选F。【18题详解】下文“Asshecouldn’tunderstandwhymanypeo
plechosetovoteforDonaldTrump,shefoundthreeTrump’svotersandspokewiththem.(由于她不明白为什么很多人选择投票给唐纳德·特朗普,她找到了
三个特朗普的选民,并与他们交谈。)”说明钱斯教授自己实验通过同理心进行更有效地沟通。结合选项,B项“Chancefirsttookthischallengeherselfbeforeaskingherstudentstotry
.(在让学生们尝试之前,钱斯自己先接受了这个挑战。)”承接下文,钱斯教授接受挑战,自己先去尝试与不同观点的人进行沟通。故选B。【19题详解】前文“Oneman,anOrthodoxJew,explained
thathesupportedTrumpbecauseTrump’sdaughterandson-in-lawareJewish.(一名正统犹太人解释说,他支持川普是因为川普的女儿和女婿是犹太人。)”以及后文“Thethirdwasalawyerwhobelieve
dthatauthenticity(真实性)wasimportantinpoliticalleaders.(第三位是一位律师,他认为真实对政治领导人很重要。)”分别介绍第一位和第三位支持特朗普的人,可推知,空处应为第二位支持特朗普的人。结合选项,C项“
ThenextmanwasaRussianimmigrantpassionate(热爱的)aboutfreedom.(下一位是俄罗斯移民,对自由充满热情。)”承上启下,符合语意。故选C。【20题详解】前文“AlthoughChanceandthosepeoplehaddifferentpo
liticalbeliefs,theywereabletorelatetothelifevaluesofothers.(虽然钱斯和那些人有不同的政治信仰,但他们能够理解他人的人生价值观。)”说明人们通过同理心可以进行有效的沟通。意在总结钱斯这样
做的意义和作用。结合选项,D项“Andthat’sthepointoftheexercise-tounderstandothersasfellowhumanbeings.(这就是练习的意义——把他人理解为人类同胞。)”同样是在说明有效的沟通练习的意义。故选
D。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ican’tmissthelittleoldladystandi
ngatabusstop.Withherkerchief(方头巾)onherhead,ablackumbrella____21____allover,Icantellsheisfreezing.I’mdrivingby,
lateformyearlymorningshift(轮班).Idecidetostopandofferhera____22____.____23____,shedeclines,butwhenIaskagainand____24____,finally,shegetsi
nthecar.Itakehertoher____25____,andbythetimeshegetsoutofmycar,sheissmilingandthanksme.Iwas____26____forworkthatday,butIwassogladthatIstopped.Thatw
as40yearsago,andthebeginningofanew____27____,onethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.Ifthere’ssom
eoneatabusstop,especiallyifit’sanelderlypersonwaitingat____28____hoursandinbadweather,Iwill____29____
andaskiftheyneedaride.Onceawomanjumpedinwithouthesitation,whichmademefeelgood.Thebestpartofmyrideoffersisthe____30____.Idotendtoa
skalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecomestomind.____31____,everyonewantstochat.Weare
usuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.“Whatashame!”Ioftenthinkwhentheyhopout,asthestorieswerejustgetting____32____.Asthey
ears____33____,perhapsIwillbetheonestandingatthebusstop.Perhapstherewillbesomebodywho____34____downawindow
andoffersmeaseatforalittleride.Iwillcontinuetotakethatleapof____35____inthekindnessofstrangers.21.A.holdingB.blowingC.takingD.sharing22.A.ride
B.driveC.cashD.luck23.A.InadditionB.OrratherC.ofcourseD.Afterall24.A.conserveB.insistC.recommendD.instruct25.A.dep
artureB.terminalC.instituteD.destination26.A.lateB.loyalC.cuteD.punctual27.A.habitB.periodC.actionD.shift28.A.forB.overC.offD.by2
9.A.driveoutB.comeacrossC.switchupD.pullover30.A.feedbackB.conversationC.understandingD.inquiry31.A.SurprisinglyB.ConstantlyC.Actually
D.Basically32.A.improvedB.startedC.createdD.constructed33.A.proveB.endC.putD.pass34.A.bendsB.fallsC.rollsD.pours
35.A.conscienceB.mercyC.faithD.integrity【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.D26.A27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.B33.D34.C35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。我在恶劣的天气里开车时,会让在寒风冷雨中等车的人们
搭便车。我坚持这个习惯40年,最喜欢的部分是与他们之间的谈话。随着岁月流逝,也许站在公交车站的人会是我,当有人摇下车窗时,我会继续相信陌生人的善良。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:她头上戴着头巾,一把黑色的雨伞被风吹得乱转,我能感觉到她很
冷。A.holding举办;B.blowing吹,刮;C.taking带着;D.sharing分享。根据下文“Icantellsheisfreezing.”可知,天很冷,风很大,雨伞被风吹得乱转。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我决定停下来让她搭我的车。A.ride
搭乘;B.drive驱车出行;C.cash现金;D.luck运气。根据前文“Ican’tmissthelittleoldladystandingatabusstop”可知,我不能错过站在公共汽车站的那个小老太太。所以我停下让
她搭我的车。故选A。【23题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意:当然,她拒绝了,但当我再次要求并坚持时,她终于上了车。A.Inaddition除此之外;B.Orrather更确切地说;C.ofcourse当然;D.Afterall毕竟。根据常识可知,小老太太应是
不好意思麻烦别人,自然而然会拒绝。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:当然,她拒绝了,但当我再次要求并坚持时,她终于上了车。A.conserve保存;B.insist坚持;C.recommend推荐;D.instruct教授。根据本句“she
declines,butwhenIaskagain”可知,在我的坚持下,她才上了车。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我把她送到目的地,当她从我的车里出来时,她微笑着感谢我。A.departure离开;B.terminal终点站;C.institute
协会;D.destination目的地。根据本句“shegetsoutofmycar”可知,下车了,是因为到目的地了。故选D。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:那天我上班迟到了,但我很高兴我停下来了。A.late迟到的;B.loyal忠诚的;C
.cute可爱的;D.punctual守时的。根据前文“I’mdrivingby,lateformyearlymorningshift(轮班).”可知,我本来就要迟到了。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。
句意:那是40年前的事了,也是一个新习惯的开始——一个当我在恶劣的天气里开车时会继续的习惯。A.habit习惯;B.period时期;C.action行为;D.shift转变。根据本句“Thatwas40yearsago”和“on
ethatcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather”可知,这是40年前的事,且一直在继续,故应为习惯。故选A。【28题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意:如果有人在公共汽车站等车,尤其是一
位老人在公交下班时间和天气不好的时候等车,我会把车停在路边,问他们是否需要搭车。A.for为了;B.over关于;C.off下班,休息;D.by凭借。根据根据“especially”表示递进关系可知,应是下班时间。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意:如果有人在公共汽车站等车,
尤其是一位老人在下班时间和天气不好的时候等车,我会把车停在路边,问他们是否需要搭车。A.driveout驱赶;B.comeacross偶遇;C.switchup转换;D.pullover靠边停车。根据本句“askiftheyneedaride”可知,我靠边停车,开始
询问。故选D。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的旅程最精彩的部分就是谈话。A.feedback反馈;B.conversation交谈;C.understanding理解;D.inquiry询问。根据下文“everyonewantstochat”可知
,他们交谈聊天。故选B。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,每个人都想聊天。A.Surprisingly令人惊讶的是;B.Constantly持续不断地;C.Actually实际上;D.Ba
sically基本上。根据前文“Idotendtoaskalotofquestions:whereareyoufrom,whereareyougoing,family,background,petsandwhateverelsecom
estomind.”以及常识可知,我问的是关于个人隐私的事情,但是很令人惊讶,每个人都想聊天。故选A。【【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:我经常想,当他们跳出来的时候,故事才刚刚开始。A.improved改善;B.started开始;C.created
创造;D.constructed建造。根据前文“Weareusuallylaughingbythetimetherideisover.”可知,我和他们聊天正开心时,却到了目的地。所以故事刚刚开始,他们却走了。故
选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:随着岁月流逝,也许站在公交车站的人会是我。A.prove证明;B.end结束;C.put放置;D.pass(时间)流逝。根据主语“theyears”可知,应为时间流逝。故选D。【34题详解】考查
动词词义辨析。句意:也许会有人摇下车窗,让我坐一会儿。A.bends弯曲;B.falls掉落;C.rolls滚动;D.pours倾倒。根据本句“downawindowandoffersmeaseatforalittleride”可知,让我搭便车之前,要摇下车窗询问。rolldow
n为固定搭配,“摇下”。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:我会继续相信陌生人的善良。A.conscience良知;B.mercy仁慈;C.faith信任;D.integrity正直。根据前文“Thatwas40yearsago,andthebeginningofanew,oneth
atcontinueswhenI’moutdrivinginbadweather.”可知,我一直让陌生人搭乘,相信陌生人,现在会继续相信陌生人的善良。故选C。第二节(共10个题;每小1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号
内单词的正确形式。China’sNo.1CentralDocument,whichisthefirstpolicystatementreleasedbythecountry’scentralautho
ritieseachyear,____36____(put)anemphasisonagriculturalandruraldevelopmentfor2023.Thisisalsothe20thNo.1CentralDocumentofthiscenturytofocusonagric
ulturalandrural____37____(affair).Dedicating____38____(he)toagriculturaldevelopment,basedonhisscienti
ficresearch,ZhouLei,40,aspires(渴望)tomakesurethatChinesepeoplenotonlygetenoughtoeat,butalsoeatwell,____39____(refl
ect)oneofthemostimportanttasksintheNo1CentralDocument—strengtheningagriculture____40____scienceandtechnology.Zhouisworkin
gwithagroupofhighlyeducatedandskilledyoungpeople,mostof____41____holddoctoratedegrees.AccordingtoZhou,itusuallytakespe
oplemorethan10yearsof____42____(academy)trainingtobecomequalifiedfortheresearchjob.Zhouhasbeen/offeredopportunitiestogoabroadandexchangeexperien
ces____43____peersoverseas.UponreturningtoChina,Zhoudeterminedtoapply____44____hehadlearnedtosolvingtheproblemsfacedbythenat
ion’sagriculturalindustry.Heandhisteamnowworkmorethan300daysayear.They____45____(address)thehardestprobleminrice-breedin
gtechnology—thecloningofcold-tolerantgenesinrice—forthefirsttimeever.Suchbreakthroughseffectivelytackletherisksofg
rainreduction.【答案】36.puts37.affairs38.himself39.reflecting40.through##via41.whom42.academic43.with44.what45.haveaddressed【解析】【导语】本文是新闻报道。为响应农业农村事务的
中央一号文件,促进农业和农村发展,40岁的周磊致力于农业发展,科技强农。【36题详解】考查动词。句意:中国的一号中央文件是中国中央政府每年发布的第一份政策声明,强调2023年的农业和农村发展。分析句子成分可知,空处应为主句的谓语动词。且照应从句
的时态,也应为一般现在时。故填puts。【37题详解】考查名词。句意:这也是本世纪第20个聚焦农业农村事务的中央一号文件。空前为并列形容词“agricultural”和“rural”,故空处应为名词affair,
词义为“公共事务”时常用复数。故填affairs。【38题详解】考查代词。句意:40岁的周磊致力于农业发展,以科研为基础,立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱,而且吃得好,这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。固定搭配dedicateoneselfto...,“致力于…
…”。故填himself。【39题详解】考查动词。句意:40岁的周磊致力于农业发展,以科研为基础,立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱,而且吃得好,这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知,空处应为非谓语动词,且与前文“basedonhisscie
ntificresearch,ZhouLei,40,aspires(渴望)tomakesurethatChinesepeoplenotonlygetenoughtoeat,butalsoeatwell”为主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填reflecting。【40题详解】考查介词
。句意:40岁的周磊致力于农业发展,以科研为基础,立志让中国人民不仅吃得饱,而且吃得好,这反映了中央一号文件的最重要任务之一——科技强农。分析句子成分可知,空处应为词义为“凭借,靠着”的介词。故填th
rough/via。【41题详解】考查连词。句意:与周一起工作的是一群受过高等教育、有技能的年轻人,其中大多数人拥有博士学位。分析句子成分可知,空处应为引导非限制性定语从句的连接词。指代线性词“people”在定从中充当介词“of”的宾语。故填whom。【
42题详解】考查形容词。句意:据周教授介绍,人们通常需要经过10年以上的学术培训才能胜任研究工作。空处应为形容词修饰名词“training”。故填academic。【43题详解】考查介词。句意:周获得了出国与海外同行交流经验的机会。分析句子成分可知,空处应为词义为“和……一起”的
介词。故填with。【44题详解】考查连词。句意:一回到中国,周决心将他所学到知识应用于解决国家农业面临的问题。分析句子成分可知,空处应为引导宾语从句的关系词,且在宾语从句中充当“hadlearned”的宾语,故应为关系代词what。故填what。【45题详解】考查动词。句意:他们有史以来第一
次解决了水稻育种技术中最困难的问题——克隆水稻的耐寒基因。分析句子成分可知,空处应为谓语动词,且照应句意“有史以来第一次”,故应为现在完成时,且主语为“They”,故应为havedone。故填haveaddressed。第四部分写作(共两节,满分40分)第一书(满分15分)46.假定你是李华,正作
为交换生在美国加州的一所学校学习,学生会主席Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统文化,形式、内容自选,请你给他回一封邮件,内容包括:1.感谢邀请;2.介绍将展示的具体内容;3.表达期待.注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文流
畅。DearKevin,________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________的__________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua
【答案】DearKevin,I’mmorethandelightedtoreceiveyouremail,inwhichyouinvitedmetotheschoolculturalfestival.Itwillbeagreatpleasureformetojoinsuchawond
erfulevent.IwouldlovetoshowhowtomakeaChineselantern,whichrepresentsreunioninChina,andcanbehunginthehouseasade
coration.Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance,includingthepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.Whoever
isinterestedinthecraftcanjoinmeinmakingonebythemselves,andtakeithome.It’smysincerehopethattheculturalfestivalwillbeagreatsuccess.I’mlookingfor
wardtojoiningyouandenjoyingfantasticperformancestogether.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。Kevin邀请你在校文化节上展示中国优秀传统
文化,在美国加州作为交换生的你给他回一封邮件,内容包括:感谢邀请;介绍将展示的具体内容;表达期待。【详解】1.词语积累高兴的:delighted→pleased参加:join→beinvolvedin
想要做:wouldlovetodo→feellikedoing提前:inadvance→headofschedule2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句:Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance
,includingthepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.拓展句:Moreover,Iwillprepareallthematerialsinadvance,whichincl
udethepaperofdifferentcolorsandthebamboo.【点睛】【高分句型1】IwouldlovetoshowhowtomakeaChineselantern,whichrepresentsreunioninChina,andcanbehu
nginthehouseasadecoration.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)【高分句型2】Whoeverisinterestedinthecraftcanjoinmeinmakingo
nebythemselves,andtakeithome.(运用了whoever引导的主语从句)第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面短文,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Iputonelastboxintot
hebackseatandclosedthecardoor.ItfeltasifIwereclosingthedooronmywholelife.Atfirst,IwasexcitedwhenMomtoldmeshe’dgottenafantasticnewjobatananimalho
spital.Then,becauseshealwayssavesthebadnewsforlast,shetoldmethereallyterriblepart.Thehospitalwasn’tinourcity;itwasmilesawayinthemiddleofnowhe
re.AndI’mdefinitelynotacountrygirl.Istoodbesidethecar,takingalastlookatourbuilding.Tomostpeople,itprobablyjustlookedlikeanyotheroldapartme
nthouse,butIlovedeverybrick.Justthen,Isawmybestfriends,HanaandLeo,cometoseemeoff.WhileHanaplayedacoolriff(重复乐段
)onhertrumpet(小号),Leosang,“Wewillmissyou,Celia.”Ihuggedthemtightlyandjumpedintothecarfastsonoonecouldseemetearup.AsMomdroveaway,Iwa
vedgoodbyetomyfriends,myneighborhood,andmylife.Werodeawhileinsilence,andIheldmyviolincaseforcomfort.Leo,Ha
na,andIhadbeenwritingsongsforourband,butthatwasallovernow.“Don’tthinkofthisasanending,”Momsaid,withherk
nack(技能)forreadingmymind.“It’sanexcitingbeginning.It’snormaltobeabitanxiousaboutunfamiliarthings,butyoudon’tneedtobeafraidofthem.”Ikeptsil
entandlookedoutthewindowascrowded,excitingcitystreetsturnedfirstintotastelesssuburbanshoppingstrips(商业街)andthenintoendless,bori
ngtreesandfieldsofcorn.Wefinallyarrivedatournewhome,atwo-flooredwoodenfarmhouse.MomsaidIcouldgoexplore.Momneverletme
gooutaloneinthecity,somaybeabitmorefreedomwouldbeoneconsolation(慰藉)oflivinghere.注意:1.续写词数应为150左右;2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Feelingthatcountrylifemightturnou
tokay,Iwonderedoff,takingmyviolinwithme.___________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________Icouldn’tresist,soItookoutmyviolinandbegantoplayalong.________________________
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_________________【答案】Feelingthatcountrylifemightturnoutokay.Iwanderedoff,takingmyviolinwithme.SuddenlylheardsomethingIwasn’texpecti
ng-abeautiful,jazzytune.Ipushedthroughsomecornonlytocomeface-to-facewithacow.Thenanotherhotjazzrifffloate
dthroughtheair.Iturnedaroundandsawatallkidplayinganoldsaxophoneinafieldofcorn.Hismusicwasfantastic,andhedidn’tdressthewayIfigur
edacountrykidwould.Thisguywaswearingclothesthatmadehimlookcool,likeafamousperformer.Icouldn’tresist,soItookoutmyviolinandbegantoplayalong.T
heboylookedsurprised,buthedidn’tmissabeat.Weplayedtogether,andbytheend,acowwastappinghertailtotherhythm.Whenwefinished,weintroducedourselvestoeachoth
erandbecamefriends.Wealsodecidedtowritesongstogether.Ilookedatmynewfriend,thecheerfulcowandtallcorn.Icouldf
eelmythoughtsaboutcountrylifealreadychanging,andIhadafeelingitwouldchangealotmore.【解析】【导语】本文以妈妈带我去乡下为线索展开。讲述了妈妈在偏远的郊外找到了一份工作,喜欢音乐
的我不得不和我的好朋友分别,和妈妈一起去乡下。【详解】1.段落续写①由第一段首句内容“我觉得乡村生活可能还不错,就带着我的小提琴走了出去。”可知,本段可以写走了出去之后,我先是听到了优美的乐曲,寻声而
去,发现了演奏者以及他的牛。②由第二段首句内容“我无法抗拒,于是我拿出我的小提琴,开始拉起来。”可知,本段可以写我和男孩一起演奏,我们成为朋友,一起创作,我也转变了对农村生活的态度。2.续写线索:着我的小提琴走
了出去——听到了优美的乐曲——发现了演奏者以及他的牛——我加入演奏——我们成为朋友——我转变了对农村生活的态度3.词类激活行为类①认为:figure/think/consider②结束:finish/complete③决定:decid
e/makeadecision情绪类①极好的:fantastic/fabulous/remarkable②惊讶的:surprised/amazed/astonished③令人开心的:cheerful/pl
easant/enjoyable【点睛】【高分句型1】Thisguywaswearingclothesthatmadehimlookcool,likeafamousperformer.(运用了that引导的定语从句)【高分句
型1】Whenwefinished,weintroducedourselvestoeachotherandbecamefriends.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句)听力答案:1-5BCACA6-10BCACB11-
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