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清华志清中学2023-2024学年度第一学期第一次月考练习高一英语2023.10一.完形填空(共10分，每小题1分)FULLHOUSEWalkintothe____1____ofAnneBellesandherhusband,andyou’llseekidseverywhere

—thereare30boysinthiscrowdedhouseandAnneBellesistheirmom.Belleshaswantedto____2____childrensinceshewasakid.“Iwastouchedbyam

usicalbasedontheCharlesDickens’novelOliverTwist(《雾都孤儿》).Itoldmymom,‘That’swhatIwanttodo.Iwanttogiveprotectionandc

aretoorphans(孤儿).’”Anne’sboys____3____inagefrom3to25.Allofthemare____4____insomeway.“Theyeachhavespecialneeds—physically,emotionally,orats

chool,”saysBelles.Shedoesn’tfocusonwhatherkidscan’tdo,onlyonwhattheycan.Inaninterestingtwist,thirteenofher____5____aregoingtobeinalocaltheate

r’sproductionofOliver!Raising30boysisno____6____task.Everyday,asmallarmyofchildcareworkers,nurses,andvolunteers

comesintohelpcook,clean,andtakecareofhealthneeds.Thefamilyreceives$26,000amonthfromthegovernment,andhassome____7____fromafamilyb

usiness.Allthemoneyisspentonthechildren;havingnewclothesandfancycarsisn’t____8____toBelles.Howdothekidsfeel?Sa

ys17-year-oldAnthony,“ThefamilyisalwaystherewheneverIneedsomething…Underallthischaos(杂乱),IfeellikeIam____9____.”“Thiswasmydream.Andeverythin

gaboutwhatI’mdoingwaseverythingIwantedtohappeninmylife,”saysAnneBelles.“So,absolutelyno_____10_____;thisisperfect.

Icouldn’taskforittobebetter—maybeabiggerhouse,youknow,wouldbenice.”1.A.classroomB.homeC.factoryD.office2.A.educateB.greetC.helpD.manage3.

A.rangeB.resultC.increaseD.freeze4.A.warnedB.ignoredC.threatenedD.challenged5.A.volunteersB.workersC.boysD.nurs

es6.A.mainB.smallC.joyfulD.familiar7.A.incomeB.feesC.programmesD.permission8.A.extraB.importantC.effectiveD.enough9.A.cure

dB.neededC.lovedD.found10.A.choiceB.extremesC.hopeD.regrets【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.D5.C6.B7.A8.B9.C10.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇

记叙文。文章讲述了安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫在家里收养了30个男孩，并尽全力照顾他们，给予他们帮助的故事。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：走进安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家，你会看到到处都是孩子——这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，安妮·贝列斯是他们的妈妈。A.classroom教室；

B.home家；C.factory工厂；D.office办公室。根据句中“thereare30boysinthiscrowdedhouse”可知，这座拥挤的房子里有30个男孩，“house”指“住宅”，由此可知，这里是安妮·贝列斯和她丈夫的家。故选B项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：贝列斯

从小就想帮助孩子们。A.educate教育；B.greet打招呼；C.help帮助；D.manage管理。根据下文“Iwanttogiveprotectionandcaretoorphans(孤儿).”可知，贝列斯从小就想保护和照顾孤儿，由此可知，她从小就想帮助孩子

们。故选C项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：安妮的男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等。A.range（在一定的范围内）变化；B.result（因……）发生；C.increase增加；D.freeze冻结。根据空格后“inagefrom3t

o25”可知，句中指男孩们的年龄从3岁到25岁不等，“rangeinagefrom…to…”意为“年龄范围从……到……。故选A项。【4题详解】考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：他们都在某些方面有缺陷。A.warned警告；B.ignored忽视；C.threatened受到威胁的；D.

challenged有缺陷的。根据下文“Theyeachhavespecialneeds—physically,emotionally,oratschool.”可知，这些孩子在身体、情感或上学方面有特殊需要，由此可知，他们在身体、情感等方面有缺陷，与常人不同。故选D项。【5题详解】考查名

词词义辨析。句意：有趣的是，她所有的男孩中的13个将在当地一家剧院演出《奥利弗》！A.volunteers志愿者；B.workers工人；C.boys男孩；D.nurses护士。根据上文“thereare30boysinthiscro

wdedhouse”可知，安妮收养了30个男孩，由此可知，30个男孩中的13个将演出《奥利弗》。故选C项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务。A.main主要的；B.sma

ll小的；C.joyful高兴的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据下文“Everyday,asmallarmyofchildcareworkers,nurses,andvolunteerscomesintohelpc

ook,clean,andtakecareofhealthneeds.”可知，每天都会有志愿者过来帮忙做饭和打扫卫生等，由此可知，抚养30个男孩不是一件小任务，需要别人的帮助。故选B项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个家庭每月从政府那里获得2.6万美

元，并从一个家族企业中获得一些收入。A.income收入；B.fees（给别人的）费用；C.programmes计划；D.permission准许。根据句中“Thefamilyreceives$26,0

00amonthfromthegovernment”可知，这里介绍了这个家庭是如何获得生活费用的，由此可知，他们从一个家族企业中赚取一些家庭收入。故选A项。【8题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所有的钱都花在了孩子

身上；拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车对贝列斯来说并不重要。A.extra额外的；B.important重要的；C.effective有效的；D.enough充足的。根据句中“Allthemoneyisspentonthechildren”可知，所有的钱都花在了孩子身上，由此可知，对贝

列斯来说，拥有新衣服和奢华的汽车并不重要。故选B项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：17岁安东尼说：“每当我需要什么东西的时候，家人总是在那里……在这片混乱中，我感觉到了自己被爱。”A.cured治愈；B.needed需要；C.loved爱；D.found发现。根据句中“

ThefamilyisalwaystherewheneverIneedsomething”可知，安东尼觉得每当自己需要什么东西的时候，家人总会给予他帮助，由此可知，他感觉自己被爱了，得到了家人的爱。故选C项。【10题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，绝对没有遗憾；这太完美了。A.choice选择；B.extremes极端；C.hope希望；D.regrets遗憾。根据句中“thisisperfect”可知，贝列斯觉得现在的一切都很完美，由此可知，她认为没有遗憾。故选D项。二．语法填空

(共10分，每小题1分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood___11___(play)ab

igroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcookandshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamily

wasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're___12___(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyou

whoenjoyscooking,askthem___13___youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.的,【答案】11.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenpl

aying12.lucky13.if/whether【解析】【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到

现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。主语food为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。故填plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。

空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。【13题详解】考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但

缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。B语法填空Iwakeupatsixo’clockeverymorning.It____14____(take)melessthan15minutes____15____(wash),getchanged,havebreakfastandleaveho

me.I’malwaysthefirstperson____16____(get)tomyclass.Themorningsarealwaysverybusyandtheafternoonsareeven____17____(busy)!Byaroundfiveo’clo

ck,Iusuallyfindtimetodomypaperworkandpreviewthelessons.【答案】14.takes15.towash16.toget17.busier【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者一天的生活、学习安排。

【14题详解】考查时态。句意：洗衣服、换衣服、吃早餐和离开家只需要不到15分钟。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表达的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，因主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词使用的单数第三人称形式，故填takes。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结

构，本句使用了it作形式主语，因此空白处在句子中做主语，使用非谓语动词，因空白处表示的是一个尚未发生的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，故填towash。【16题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是第一个到达班上的学生。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，根据非谓语动词的用法，当

名词被序数词修饰，其后使用动词不定式作定语，故填toget。【17题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：早上总是很忙，下午更忙。根据句意，本句要把Themornings与theafternoons进行比较，空白处应

使用形容词的比较级，故填busier。C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Apieceofstone___18___(find)onaDutchbeachsugge

ststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals___19___（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuro

pefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenas

sumedthathumanancestorswere____20____（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.【答案】18.found19.lived/hadl

ived/hadbeenliving20.smarter【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。【18题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭

绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。【19题详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与

人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语fortensofthousandsofyears。故应用过去完成时态或者

过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/hadlived/hadbeenliving。【20题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类

祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为smarter。三.阅读理解(共18分，每小题2分)AAsanyyoungerbrotherwilltellyou,havingabigbrothermean

salotofwalkinginsomeoneelse’sshadow,especiallywhenyouhaveabrotherwhoisatypicalexampleof“cool”.ForyearsIwantedtodoeve

rythingmyelderbrotherTysondid,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglected(被忽略的)one.Mylegsjustweren’

tmadetorunlikehis.Icouldneverplayfootballorbasketballwell.Iprobablywouldhavecontinuedtryingtokeepupwithhimfortherestofmyhighschoolcar

eer,butwhenmyfamilymoved,everythingchanged.Tysonleftforcollege,soIhadtostartatanewschoolallbymyself.Thisnewstartgave

meanopportunitytoredefinemyselfanddiscoveranentirelynewmeaningof“cool”.Idon’tknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivitiesatth

enewschool,butonedayIchancedtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.Ihadalwaysbeenfascinatedwithchemistry,biology,andma

th,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,forsomereason,Idid.Asweorgani

zedteams,preparedresourcesandpracticedansweringquestions,IfeltmoreconnectedthanIeverhadtoanysportstea

m.Ididn’tfeelasthoughIneededtokeepupwithanybodyelse;Iwasfinallywithpeers(同伴)whounderstoodme.Itwassogoodtofeelacceptedforwha

tI’mgoodat.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’

macoolguyinmyownway,too.I’mrelievedtoknowthat“cool”hasamuchbroaderdefinitionthanwhatIusedtothink.21.WhatmakesTysonatypicalexampleof“c

ool”?A.Hehaslonglegsanddressesfashionably.B.Hepayslittleattentiontoothers.C.Healwaysshadowshisbrother.D.Heisreallygo

odatsports.22.Whatmadetheauthorfeel“cool”?A.Goingtoanewschoolallbyhimself.B.Acceptingpeerswiththesameinterest.C.Takingpartina

ctivitiesofascienceteam.D.RefusingtobeidentifiedasTyson’sbrother.23.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Neverju

dgeabookbyitscover.B.Findyourselfandbeyourself.C.Lifeisfullofpossibilities.D.Skillisnoburden.【答案】21.D22.C23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的

行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“ForyearsIwantedtodoeverythingmyelderbrotherTyson

did,butnomatterhowhardItried,Iwasalwaystheneglected(被忽略的)one.Mylegsjustweren’tmadetorunlikehis.Icouldneverplayfootbal

lorbasketballwell.”（多年来，我想做我哥哥泰森做的一切，但无论我多么努力，我总是被忽视的一个。我的腿就是跑得不像他的那么快。我从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球。）可知，作者想和哥哥泰森

一样“酷”，所以他也参加各种体育运动，但他从来都踢不好足球，也打不好篮球，由此可知，哥哥泰森擅长体育运动，这一点让泰森成为“酷”的典型代表。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“Idon’tknowwhatmademedecidetotrysomenewactivit

iesatthenewschool,butonedayIchancedtoshowupforanafter-schoolmeetingoftheScienceOlympiadteam.Ihadalwaysbeenfasc

inatedwithchemistry,biology,andmath,butsincethoseinterestshadn’tfitTyson’sdefinitionof“cool”,Ihadneverpursuedthem.Onthisday,fors

omereason,Idid.”（我不知道是什么让我决定在新学校尝试一些新的活动，但有一天我碰巧参加了科奥队的课后会议。我一直对化学、生物和数学着迷，但由于这些兴趣不符合泰森对“酷”的定义，所以我从未追求过。在这一天，出于某种原因，我做到了。）和最后一段关键句“Forthe

firsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。）可知，作者参加了科奥队，这次经历让作者有生以来第一次感到很酷，由此可知，参加科学团队的活动让作者觉得很“酷”。

故选C项。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段关键句“Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Iactuallyfeltcool.NowIknowwhoIam!I’mTyson’slittlebrother,butthat

’sonlypartofmyidentity.I’macoolguyinmyownway,too.”（这是我有生以来第一次确实感到很酷。现在我知道我是谁了！我是泰森的弟弟，但那只是我身份的一部分。以我自己的方式，我也是一个很酷的

人。）可知，本文讲述了作者一直以哥哥为榜样，模仿哥哥的行为，通过参加科学团队的经历，让作者意识到不应该模仿别人，应该做自己，成为自己想成为的人，由此可推断出，我们可以从这个故事中学到我们应该找到自我，做自己。故选B项。BApoetrycompetitionhasbe

enlaunchedforpupils.Itinvitesyoungpeopletoreflectonthe“manywaysweareconnectedtotheuniverse”.Thecompetitionisaimedatpupilsaged4to18andispartofa

nationalcelebrationofcreativitytakingplaceacrosstheUKthroughout2023.Thewinningentrieswillbefeaturedin

amultimedialiveprojectionshow,whichwillvisitmultiplelocationsaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.Thisoutdoorshowwillincludesubmiss

ionsfromthecompetitionandrunforaweekineachlocation.Winnerswillalsoreceivearangeofotherprizes,includingbooksandchocolate,pluscontinueddevel

opmentandcoachingopportunitiesfromthePoetrySociety.Therulesareasfollows:·Thecompetitionisfreetoenter.Entrieswillbeacceptedfromany

whereintheUK.EntriesfromoutsidetheUKarenotaccepted.Ifyouareaged4—12,yourparentwillneedtogivepermissionforyoutoenter.·Yourentrymustbetheo

riginalworkofthecreator.Yourworkisacceptedonthebasisthatthiswillbeitsfirstappearanceanywhereintheworld.·Poemsmustbew

ritteninEnglishorWelsh,butyoucanincludephrasesinyourmothertongueoranotherlanguage.Poemsmustnotbelongerthan20lines.Youarefreetowriteinanystyleo

rform.·YoumayentereitheronlineviathewebsiteorbyposttothePoetrySociety,22BettertonStreet,London.Allonlineentriesmustbereceivedby23:59GMTon

19December2022.Allpoemsenteredbypostmustbepost-datedonorbefore19December2022.Ifyouwouldliketoenteronline,

pleasecontinuethroughtheonlinesystemonthiswebsite.EmailAboutUs@poetrysociety.orgifyouarehavingproblemswithyoursubmission.24.Whatisthetheme

ofthecompetition?A.Nationalcelebration.B.Reflectiononcreativity.C.Youngpeople’stalents.D.Connectivitytotheuniverse.25.Whatwillbeawardedtothewinners?A

.AfreetouraroundtheUK.B.MembershipofthePoetrySociety.C.Books,chocolateandprizemoney.D.Achancetopresenttheirworksinashow.26.Acc

ordingtotherules,participants.A.cansubmitentriesbyemailB.mustwritewithinthelinelimitC.mayentertheirpublishedpoemsD.shouldaskparentsforpermission【答案

】24.D25.D26.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个诗歌比赛的情况以及参赛规则。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itinvitesyoungpeopletoreflectonthe“manywaysweareconnectedtotheunive

rse”.(它邀请年轻人思考“我们与宇宙联系的许多方式”)”可知，比赛的主题是与宇宙的联系。故选D。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thewinningentrieswillbefeaturedinam

ultimedialiveprojectionshow,whichwillvisitmultiplelocationsaroundtheUKfromMarchtoMay2023.(获奖作品将在2023年3月至5月期

间在英国多个地方进行多媒体现场投影展示)”可知，获胜者将获得在展览中展示他们作品的机会。故选D。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中“Poemsmustnotbelongerthan20lines.(诗歌不得超过20行)”可知，根据规定，参赛者必须在限定的行内书写。故

选B。CLaughingtogetherisanimportantwayforpeopletoconnectandbond.Andthoughthecausesoflaughtercanvarywidelyacrossindividualsandgroups,thesoundofalaug

hisusuallyrecognizablebetweenpeoplebelongingtodifferentcultures.Butwhataboutanimals?Dothey“laugh”?Andarethecausesofanimalandhuman

laughteralike?Inhumans,peoplemaylaughwhentheyhearajoke,orwhentheyseesomethingthattheythinkisfunny,thoughit’sunknownifanimals’int

elligenceincludeswhathumanswouldcallasenseofhumor.However,manyanimalsproducesoundsduringplaythatareuniquetothatpleasantsocialinteraction

.Researchersconsidersuchvocalizationstobesimilartohumanlaughter.Recently,scientistsinvestigatedplayvocalizationtoseehowcommonitwas

amonganimals.Theteamidentified65speciesthat“laughed”whileplaying—mostweremammals(哺乳动物),butafewbirdspeciesdemonstratedplayfulla

ughtertoo.Reportsofplayfullaughterwerenotablyabsentinstudiesdescribingfish,perhapsbecausethereissomequestionastowhetherornotplayexistsa

tallinthatanimalgroup.Thisnewstudycouldhelpscientiststoanalyzetheoriginsofhumanlaughter.Buthowcanweidentifyplay?Unlikefighting,playisus

uallyrepetitiveandhappensindependentlyofothersocialbehaviors,saidleadstudyauthorSashaWinkler,adoctorofbiologicalanthropologya

ttheUniversityofCalifornia.Whenitcomestoidentifyingit,“youknowitwhenyouseeit,”WinklertoldLiveScience.O

nesignisthatprimates—ourclosestrelatives—havea“playface”thatissimilartotheexpressionsofhumanswhoareplaying.WhenWinklerp

reviouslyworkedwithrhesusmacaques,shehadnoticedthatthemonkeyspanted(喘气)quietlywhileplaying.Manyotherprimatesarealsoknowntovocalizedu

ringplay,shesaid,soahypothesis(laughterinhumansisthoughttohaveoriginatedduringplay)supportedbytheplay-relatedpantinglaughterofmanypri

matespecieswasputforward.Peoplenowstilllaughduringplay,butwealsointegratelaughterintolanguageandnon-play

behaviors,usinglaughterindiversewaystoexpressarangeofemotionsthatmaybepositiveornegative.Humanlaughternotablydif

fersfromotheranimals’laughterinanotherimportantway:itsvolume.Peoplebroadcasttheirlaughterloudly,oftenasawayofes

tablishinginclusion.Bycomparison,whenmostanimalslaugh,thesoundisveryquiet—justloudenoughtobeheardbythelaugher’spartner.“It’sreallyfascinatingthats

omanyanimalshaveasimilarfunctionofvocalizationduringplay”WinklertoldLiveScience.“Butwedohavetheseuniquepartsofhumanlaughterthatarealsoanimportanta

reaforfuturestudy."27.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplaincausesofanimalandhumanlaughter.B.Toassesscomplexitie

sregardinganimallaughter.C.Topresentfindingsontheexistenceofanimallaughter.D.Toanalyzedifferencesbetweenanimalandhumanlaughter.28.Whatcanwelearnfro

mthispassage?A.Animallaughterisevennoticeableinfish.B.Animallaughterishardtorecognizeduringplay.C.Peoplehavelearnedtocombineplaywithlaughter.D.P

eoplelaughloudlybecausetheywanttoinvolveothers.29.Whatisprobablythefocusoffuturestudyonlaughter?A.Distinct

ivefeaturesofhumanlaughter.B.Differentfunctionsofanimallaughter.C.Theoriginanddevelopmentofhumanlaughter.D.Therelationshipbetweenanimallaugh

terandintelligence.【答案】27.C28.D29.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于“动物界存在笑声”的相关研究成果。27题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Butwhataboutanimals?Dothey“laugh”?Andarethecauses

ofanimalandhumanlaughteralike?(但是动物呢？他们会“笑”吗？动物和人类笑的原因是一样的吗？)”提出的三个问题、第三段中“Recently,scientistsinvestigatedplayvocalizationtoseehowcommonitwasam

onganimals.Theteam,【identified65speciesthat“laughed”whileplaying—mostweremammals(哺乳动物),butafewbirdspeciesdemonstratedplayfullaughtert

oo.(最近，科学家们调查了游戏中的发声，看看它在动物中有多普遍。研究小组确定了65种会在玩耍时“笑”的物种——大多数是哺乳动物，但一些鸟类也会笑)”、第五段中“Manyotherprimatesarealsoknowntovocalizeduringplay,she

said,soahypothesis(laughterinhumansisthoughttohaveoriginatedduringplay)supportedbytheplay-relatedpantinglaughterofmanyprimatespecieswasputf

orward.(她说，许多其他灵长类动物也会在玩耍时发出声音，因此提出了一种假说(人类的笑声被认为是在玩耍时产生的)，这种假说得到了许多灵长类动物与玩耍有关的喘息笑声的支持)”和最后一段中“‘It’sreal

lyfascinatingthatsomanyanimalshaveasimilarfunctionofvocalizationduringplay,’WinklertoldLiveScience.(温克勒告诉《生活科学》杂志说：“这么多动物

在玩耍时都有类似的发声功能，这真的很有趣。”)”中给出的相关答案可知，本文是为了展示“动物界存在笑声”相关研究的成果。故选C项。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段中“Peoplebroadcasttheirlaughterloudly,oftenasawayofes

tablishinginclusion.(人们大声传播他们的笑声，这通常是作为一种寻求参与者的方式)”可知，人们大声地笑是为了让其它人参与进来。故选D项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butwedohavetheseuniquepartsofhumanlau

ghterthatarealsoanimportantareaforfuturestudy.(但我们确实有人类笑声所独有的部分，这也是未来研究的一个重要领域)”可推知，接下来的研究很可能重点关注人类笑声的独特特征。故选A项

。四.七选五(共10分，每小题2分)Asadoctor,Icangiveyoualotofusefuladviceabouthowtogethealthyandstaythatway,butyoudon’

tneedmetotellyouthatexerciseisgoodforyou.Stayingactivecanbenefittheheart,thewaistline,eventhemind.____30____Moretha

n60%ofAmericanadultsdon’texerciseregularly,andmanysaytheydon’texerciseatall.Morethan72millionareoverweight,andalmostalloft

hemwouldliketolosetheextrapounds.So,ifexerciseissuchagoodidea,whydon’tmorepeopledoit?____31____EvenasIwritethis,Ia

mwatchingmytwo-year-oldrunaroundincircles.Kidsseemtobeborninconstantmotion,butalongthewaythatbehaviorchanges.Thes

lowdownoccursformostatthebeginningofcollege.Academicpressureandlackoforganizedsportsarecertainlypartoftheproble

m.Abiggerpartmaybelookingatlifechangesasanoccasiontoblowupoldrulesandnotcreatenewonesintheirplace.____32____Thedemandsofanewjobusua

llymeanlesstimeatthegym.Howaboutanewmarriage?Howmanytimeshaveweseenjust-marriedcoupleslookingalotheavierinfirst-anniversaryphotosthantheydidinthe

weddingpictures?____33____Peoplewhosetgeneralgoals,like“Iwillexerciseinmyfreetime,”didafarworsejobofstickingtothatplanthandidpeoplewhomadeafirmcommit

ment,like“Iwillwalktomyfriend’shouseandbackeveryMonday,Wednesday,andFriday.”Thegoodnewsis,therearesolutionstoallt

hese.Wecanbeginwithexercisesassimpleasrememberingtositstraighterordrinkenoughwater.Specificworkoutplanscanturnageneraldesiretoexerc

iseintoafirmcommitment.____34____Wemayneveragainhavetheenergyofatwo-year-old,butgettingbackevenalittleofourearly-lifeenerg

ycanmakeourlaterlivesawholelothealthier.A.Beingincollegeiscertainlypartoftheproblem.B.Thisisespeciallysowhenitcomestostayingfit.C.Nothavingaclearlyde

finedexerciseplancanhurt.D.Weoftenwishtogobacktoourtwo-year-oldselves.E.Forinstance,youcanscheduleaweeklygymvisitwithfriends.F.Still,there’

sarealdisconnectbetweenwhatweknowandwhatwedo.G.Themostpuzzlingpartofourinactivenatureisthatwedon’tstartoutthatway.【答案】30.F31.G3

2.B33.C34.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是人们知道运动有益于健康，而人们却不去运动的原因，并提出了如何去运动的建议。【30题详解】根据空前的“Stayingactivecanbenefittheheart,thewaistli

ne,eventhemind.(保持活跃对心脏、腰围、甚至思维都有好处。)”可知，人们知道运动有益健康，根据空后“Morethan60%ofAmericanadultsdon’texerciseregularly,andmanysaythey

don’texerciseatall.(超过60%的美国成年人不经常锻炼，许多人说他们根本不锻炼。)”可知，调查结果发现，美国成年人大多数却不怎么运动甚至根本不运动，由此可猜测，此空处应承上启下的作用，G选项“S

till,there’sarealdisconnectbetweenwhatweknowandwhatwedo.(尽管如此，我们所知道的和我们所做的之间还是有很大的差距。)”讲述的是人们想的与做的有差距，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。【31题详解】根据空前的“So,ifexercise

issuchagoodidea,whydon’tmorepeopledoit?(那么，如果运动是一个好主意，为什么不让更多的人去做呢?)”可知，既然运动是好想法，为什么却不去做呢，提出问题，引出下文分析原因，根据空后的“Eve

nasIwritethis,Iamwatchingmytwo-year-oldrunaroundincircles.(就在我写这篇文章的时候，我正看着我两岁的儿子在原地打转。)”可知，小孩子还是很喜欢运动的，G选项“Them

ostpuzzlingpartofourinactivenatureisthatwedon’tstartoutthatway.(我们不活跃的天性中最令人费解的部分是，我们一开始并不是这样的。)”讲述的是我们不运动可不是从一开始就这样，与空后内容吻合。故选G项。【32题详解】根据空前“Abi

ggerpartmaybelookingatlifechangesasanoccasiontoblowupoldrulesandnotcreatenewonesintheirplace.(更大的一部分可能是把生活的变化看作是一个打破旧规则的机会，而不是创造新的规则。)”可知，很大的原因是人们

把改变生活看作打破旧规，而不是创建新规，而根据空后“Thedemandsofanewjobusuallymeanlesstimeatthegym.(新工作的要求通常意味着在健身房锻炼的时间更少。)”可知，新工作的要求可能意为着更少锻炼的时间，B选项“Thisisespecia

llysowhenitcomestostayingfit.(在保持健康方面尤其如此。)”讲述的内容从空前的对改变生活的看法转述到空后的文章谈论的运动与健康的主题中，符合语境。故选B项。【33题详解】根据空后的“Peoplewhosetgeneralgoals,like“Iwillexercis

einmyfreetime,”didafarworsejobofstickingtothatplanthandidpeoplewhomadeafirmcommitment,like“Iwillwalktomyfriend’shouseandbackeveryMonday,Wed

nesday,andFriday.”(那些设定一般目标的人，比如“我要在空闲时间锻炼”，在坚持计划方面的表现要比那些做出坚定承诺的人糟糕得多，比如“我每周一、三、五走路去朋友家，然后回家”。)”可知，该段落分析的是人们不运动与没有恰当的运动规划相关，C选项

“Nothavingaclearlydefinedexerciseplancanhurt.(没有一个明确的锻炼计划会带来伤害。)”讲述的内容概括了本段的主题，内容与空后一致。故选C项。【34题详解】根据空前的“Speci

ficworkoutplanscanturnageneraldesiretoexerciseintoafirmcommitment.(具体的锻炼计划可以把一般的锻炼愿望变成坚定的承诺。)”可知，具体的锻炼计划能把一个锻炼的想法转换为坚定的承诺，分析语篇可知，

此空应为具体的做法，E选项“Forinstance,youcanscheduleaweeklygymvisitwithfriends.(例如，你可以安排每周和朋友去一次健身房。)”通过举例来说明空前的具体做法，内容与空前一致，逻辑合理。故选E项。五.阅读回答(共1

2分，1题2分，2题2分，3题3分，4题5分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Inthemornings,asIwalkedfromthetrainstationtotheoffice,Iplannedmydaybym

akingato-dolistinmyhead:thescientificarticlesIwouldread,thedatasetsIwouldanalyze,and-mosturgentofall-theinsightsintohumannaturethatitwasmyjobtodi

scover.的Eachevening,Iwentbacktothestation,againgoingthroughmymentalchecklistbutthistimesizingupmyperformanceagainsttheexpectationsI’dsetform

yselfthatmorning.Timeandagain,whencomparingmyto-dolistwithmygot-donelist,IfeltdisappointedbecauseIhadfallenshort.Butoneday,somethingver

ystrangehappened.Duringmytriphome,withoutanyconsciousintent,mythoughtsbegantoshift.Insteadoffeelingbadaboutmyweakness

es,Isaidaloudverysoftly:I’maniceperson.I’maniceperson.I’maniceperson.BythetimeIboardedmytrain,Iwasdonewithmylittlechant-until

thenextdaywhenIwalkedhome.Andagain,aftercountingmyfailures,Ifoundmyselfsayingquietly:I’maniceperson.Ittu

rnsoutthatthere’satechnicaltermforthispractice:valuesaffirmation.Andwhatitboilsdowntoisrecognizing,andstrengthening,thepersonalvaluesyouholdm

ostdear.Whenyouaffirmacorepersonalvalue,youshoreupyoursenseofself-worth.Youbroadenyouroutlook:Insteadoffocusingonyourshort

falls,youswitchtoawide-angleviewthatincludesyourresourcesandopportunities.Andthepeoplewhodothisarehappier,healthier,andmorehop

eful.Overtime,Imadeprogressinmyresearchandlearnedalotaboutwhatmakesmostsuccessfulpeoplespecial,includingthis:Nobodyhaspassionandde

terminationunlesswhattheydolinesupwiththeirvalues.Tryvaluesaffirmationforyourselfandteachthepracticetoyourstudents.Takeamoment

andthinkofavalueyouholddear,whetherit’skindness,creativity,orgratitude.Whateveritis,nameit.Andthensaytoyourself:Comewhatmay,IknowwhoIam.Your

valuesareyourfoundationandyourcompass,too.Trustthem,andtheywillleadyouhome.35.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhensheco

mparedherto-dolistwithhergot-donelist?_____________________________________________________________________

______36.Whatisvaluesaffirmation?___________________________________________________________________________37.

Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Peoplewhorecognizetheirshortfallsarehappier,healthier,a

ndmore___________________________________________________________________________38.Apartfromspeakingoutpositivewor

ds,whatelsecouldyoudotofeelbetteraboutyourself?(Inabout40words)_________________________________________________________________________

__【答案】35.Shefeltdisappointed.36.Itisrecognizingandstrengtheningthepersonalvaluesyouholdmostdear.37.Peoplewhorecognizetheirshortfallsarehappier,hea

lthier,andmorehopeful.Peoplewhoswitchtoawide-angleviewthatincludestheirresourcesandopportunities,insteadoffocus

ingontheirshortfalls,arehappier,healthier,andmorehopeful.38.Apartfromspeakingoutpositivewords,TherearesomethingelseIcoulddo

tofeelbetteraboutmyself,forexample,bewiththepeoplewhooftenpraisemeformyoutlook,mybehaviourandmycharactersandachiev

ethegoalsetbeforeontime,becausetheywillmakemebecomeconfidentaboutmyself.【解析】【导语】这是一篇议论文。作者从自身经历出发。论述了肯定自我的重要性

。【35题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“Timeandagain,whencomparingmyto-dolistwithmygot-donelist,Ifeltdisappointedbecau

seIhadfallenshort.(一次又一次，当我把我的待办事项清单和我的已完成事项清单进行比较时，我感到失望，因为我没有达到目标)”可知，当作者将她的待办事项清单与已完成事项清单进行比较时，她感到很失望

。故答案为Shefeltdisappointed.【36题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章第五段“Itturnsoutthatthere’satechnicaltermforthispractice:valuesaffirmation.Andwhatitboilsdowntoisrecog

nizing,andstrengthening,thepersonalvaluesyouholdmostdear.(事实证明，这种做法有一个专业术语：价值观肯定。归根结底，就是认识并加强你最珍视的个人价值观)”可知，价值观的肯定是指是认识到并加强你最珍视的个人价值观。故答案为Itisre

cognizingandstrengtheningthepersonalvaluesyouholdmostdear.【37题详解】考查推理判断。根据文章第六段“Whenyouaffirmacoreper

sonalvalue,youshoreupyoursenseofself-worth.Youbroadenyouroutlook:Insteadoffocusingonyourshortfalls,youswi

tchtoawide-angleviewthatincludesyourresourcesandopportunities.Andthepeoplewhodothisarehappier,healthier,andmorehopeful.(当你肯定

一个核心的个人价值时，你就支撑了你的自我价值感。你开阔了视野：你不再只关注自己的缺点，而是从更广阔的角度看待自己的资源和机会。这样做的人更快乐，更健康，更有希望)”可知，当人们不再关注自己的不足的时候才会感到更快乐，更健康，更有希望。故答案为Peoplewhorecogni

zetheirshortfallsarehappier,healthier,andmorehopeful.Peoplewhoswitchtoawide-angleviewthatincludestheirresourcesandoppor

tunities,insteadoffocusingontheirshortfalls,arehappier,healthier,andmorehopeful.【38题详解】开放性试题。本题主要让介绍自己感觉自己更好的方法，可以从很多角度答题，符

合常理即可。如经常听到别人的赞美，按时达成目标等都能使人从内到外散发自信。故答案为Apartfromspeakingoutpositivewords,TherearesomethingelseIcoulddotofeelbetteraboutmyself,f

orexample,bewiththepeoplewhooftenpraisemeformyoutlook,mybehaviourandmycharactersandachievethegoalsetbeforeontim

e,becausetheywillmakemebecomeconfidentaboutmyself.六.作文(20分)39.假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你刚开始新的高中生活。请你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写

一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.新高中生活的感受；2.现在和以前的不同之处；3.你对三年高中生活的打算。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim,_____________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearJim,Howiseverythinggoing?I’manewsen

iorsecondaryschoolstudent.Itisthestartofanewchapterinmylife.Mynewschoollifeisveryexciting.Ifeelexcitedbecausethiss

chooldiffersinmanywaysfrommypreviousone.Previously,wehadfixedclassroomswherestudentsallsatinrows.Inmynewschoo

l,wedon’thavefixedclassrooms.Studentssitaroundingroupsandweoftenhavegroupdiscussionsandshareourideasorcheckourworktogether.Wh

atisalsoverydifferentisthatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules.Thatmeanswegotodifferentclassroomsfordifferentsubjects

ofourownchoices.Inthenextthreeyears,IhopeIwilllearnmanynewthings.IalsohopeIwilldevelopconfidenceinspeakingEnglishanddevelopcompeten

ceinavarietyofnewskills.Allinall,Ihopetohaveahappier,morefruitfulandsatisfyinglifeinmynewschool.Wouldyouliketointroduceyourschoollif

etome?I’mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你用英文给你的外国朋友Jim写一封电子邮件，因为你刚开始新的高中生活，分享你的高中生活、感受以及打算。【详解】1.词汇积累开始：start→b

eginning/threshold/opening选择：choice→selection/option提高：improve→enhance/boost/raise各种各样的：avarietyof→various

2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Studentssitaroundingroupsandweoftenhavegroupdiscussionsandshareourideasorcheckourworktogether.拓展句：Sittingaroundi

ngroups,weoftenhavegroupdiscussionsandshareourideasorcheckourworktogether.【点睛】【高分句型1】Previously,wehadfixedclassroo

mswherestudentsallsatinrows.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句。)【高分句型2】Whatisalsoverydifferentisthatstudentsinthesameclasscanhavedifferentclassschedules

.(运用了what引导的主语从句以及that引导的表语从句。)