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松江区2023学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟)考生注意：1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。2.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、班级、姓名和考号。3.答题纸与

试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshort

conversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenon

lyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestiony

ouhaveheard.1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Happy.B.Angry.C.Relaxed.D.Confused.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Can’tyouknockonthedoorwhenyouentermyoffice?M:I’msorry!It’sjustt

hatI’minsuchahurry.Q:Howdidthewomanfeelwhenshewasspeakingtotheman?2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Anactress.B.Adirector.C.Awriter.D.Atransl

ator.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ihaveseenallyourfilms.You’vejustdirectedanewone,haven’tyou?W:Yes.It’saboutawriterandwillbetranslatedintoseverallanguages.Q

:Whatisprobablythewoman?3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Professorandstudent.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Employerandapplicant.D.Shopownerandcustomer.【答案】C【解

析】【原文】W:Well,Mr.Brown,we’reverypleasedwithyourqualifications.We’dliketoofferyoutheposition.M:That’sgr

eat!I’mreallylookingforwardtostartingmynewjob.Q:Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.【此处可播放相

关音频，请去附件查看】A.Tonyshouldcontinuetotaketheclass.B.SheapprovesofTony’sdecision.C.Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.

D.ShecanmeetTonyearlyinthemorning.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtodropmyInformationScienceclass.Itmeetstooearlyinthemor

ning.W:Isthatagoodreasontodroptheclass,Tony?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Anannoyingd

og.B.Mrs.White.C.Theflowergarden.D.Theirneighborhood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:We’vegottodosomethingabouttheneighbor’sdog!M:Why?Has

itbeenintoyourflowergardenagain?YoushouldtalktoMrs.Whiteaboutit.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?6.【此处可播放

相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Hewasn’tinvitedtothemeeting.B.Hedidn’tfindthemeetinghall.C.Hemissedthemeetingintheend.D.Hewasdelayedbytheheavyfog.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Butfor

theheavytraffic,Iwouldhavereachedthemeetinghalltwohoursearlier.W:Oh,whatapity!Themeetinghasbeenovernow.Q:Whatcanweconcl

udeabouttheman?7.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.15,000yuan.B.16,500yuan.C.50,000yuan.D.55,000yuan.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:IamabigfanofChinesecalligraphy.Isthatpie

ceofworkstillpricedat50,000yuan?M:Sorry,madam,itspricehasrisenby10%.Q:Howmuchdoesthatpieceofcalligraphywor

kcostnow?8.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Asportsmeeting.B.Ahikingtrip.C.Apressconference.D.Asurpriseparty.【答案】D【解析

】【原文】M:EveryonehidesinthenextroomandwhenJohncomes,wejumpout.W:Perhapsweshouldturnonafewlightssohewon’tsuspectanythi

ng.Q:Whatarethespeakersmostlikelyplanning?9.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Themanisseeingoffthewoman.B.Theyarecelebrating

theNewYear.C.Thewomanispickinguptheman.D.Theyarecomplainingabouttheairport.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Airportsaresadplaces.M:Sometimes,Igue

ss.Butwewillkeepintouch.AndI’llflyovertoyouonNewYear’sDay.Q:Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?10.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.B.CD.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M

:Howaboutgoingtothecinemawithmetonight,Susan?W:SorryIcan’t.MysisterisgoingbacktoherschoolinBeijingandIha

vetodrivehertotherailwaystation.Q:WhichpictureshowsSusan’sdestinationtonight?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartw

opassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversat

ionwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,read.thefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichonei

sthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.A.Toreduceourchanceofregularwalki

ng.B.Toshowustheadvantagesofexercising.C.Topersuadeustowalkinourdailylife.D.Tochangeourhabitofwalkingeveryda

y.12.A.Walkinginruralareasarousesnewideas.B.Walkingofferscancerpatientsconfidence.C.Walkingenlargeselderpeople’sbrainsize.D.Walkinginnaturehelpsto

beatdepression.13.A.Itcancurecommonheartdiseases.B.Ithasbeenmadepartofpeople’slife.C.Itistheeasiestwaytoloseweight.D.Itworksbe

tterontheoldthantheyoung.【答案】11.C12.D13.C【解析】【原文】Leftfoot,rightfoot,leftfoot,rightfoot...youcantravelfastorslow.Themovementofyourfeetgetsyouwh

ereyouneedtogo.Anditalsooffersyoumuchmore!Walkingisasimpleexercisesuitableforalmosteveryone.First,walkingenhancesyourphysicalhealth.Itmakesyourh

eartstronger.Studiesshowregularwalkingreducesyourchanceofheartdisease.Walkingquicklyfor30minutesadayalsohelpscontrolhighbloodpressure.Itcanredu

ceyourchanceofdevelopingsomecancers,too.Wanttoloseweight?Youneedtoburn600morecalorieseachdaythanyoutakeinandwalkingistheeasiestway.

Aspeopleage,theirbrainsdon’tworkaswellasbeforebecausecertainpartsofthebrainsgetsmallerinsize.Olderpeoplewhowalksixmilesormoreperweekarelikelytokeept

heirbrainsinbettershape.Walkingimprovesyourmentalhealth,too.Accordingtosomescientificresearch,walkinginanaturallandscapecombininggreenandbluehelpspe

oplefeelgroundedinnatureandcreatesafeelingofconnectiontotheworld.That’saneffectivewaytofightagainstdep

ression.Youcanmakewalkingpartofyourday.Insteadofparkingnearyourhouse,parkadistanceawayandwalk.Insteadoftakingthelift,walk.Makewalkingaha

bit,andseehowitmakesyoufeel.(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?2.Howdoeswalkingbenefitpeople’smentalhealth?3.Whatcan

welearnaboutwalkingfromthepassage?听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.A.Howhistorycanbedefineddifferently.B.Whypeopleshouldstudy

history.C.Howpeoplecanbetterunderstandthepast.D.Whyhistorymayaffectcareerchoice.15.A.Tounderstandunfamiliarthings.B.Toconvincediffere

ntpeople.C.Todevelopskillstogivedirections.D.Toidentifywithpeoplearound.16.A.Historyisabodyofknowledgeratherthanawaytothink.

B.Beingahistorianisnotapopularideaforpresentstudents.C.Studyingthepasthelpspeopleunderstandthemodernworld.D.Thespeakerdoesnotagreewithothers’defini

tionsofhistory.【答案】14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】Foragreatmanypeople,historyisasetoffacts,acollectionofevents,aserieso

fthingsthathappenedinthepast.Forme,historyisfirstlyawayofthinkingaboutandseeingtheworld.Tomakesenseofthepas

t,youshouldlearnhowtoseeitonitsownterms;inotherwords,howtofigureoutthemeaningofstrangeandunfamiliarthings,andhowtoidenti

fywithpeoplewhooncethoughtsodifferentlyaswedotoday.Ifyoulearnhowtodothesethings,youbegintodevelopskillsthatnotonlyhelpfindtherightdirectioninthepast

,butthepresentaswell.Onceyoucanseethethingsthathistoryteachesyou,onceyouknowhowtounderstandtheinnerlogicofunfamiliarthoughtsandbehavio

r,itbecomeseasiertomakesenseofthemodernworldandthediversepeoplesandideasaroundyou.Itmightseemunusualt

hatoneofthebestwaystoexplainthepresentistostudythepast,butthatiswhyhistorycanbesoimportant.Whenweapprecia

tethathistoryisnotonlyabodyofknowledge,butratherawayofthinking,itbecomesaparticularlypowerfultool.Noteveryonemaychoosetobecomeah

istorian.Yet,whatevercareeryouchoose,knowinghowtothinkhistoricallywillhelp.(Nowlistenagainplease.)1.

Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanhelppeoplemakesenseofthepast?3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下

小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.A.Becausehedidn’ttakecompletenotes.B.Becausehisvisionisn’tgoodenough.C.Becausehehasmissed

severalclasses.D.Becausehisnotebookwaslostoncampus.18.A.Atalibrary.B.Atacopyshop.C.Atalaboratory.D.Atacoffeeshop.19.A.Gettingsomerest.B.

Studyingtogether.C.Havingmoreclasses.D.Exchangingnotes.20.A.Themandoesnotwanttospendtimetakingnotes.B.Themanenjoysplayingslideshowsforthepr

ofessor.C.Thewomanwouldnotliketolendthemanhernotes.D.Thewomanwillhelptokeepthemanawakeinclass.【答案】17.A18.D19.B20.D【解析】【原

文】M:Sally,isitpossibletolendmeyournotes?I’llreturnthemtomorrow.W:Well,Iusuallygotothecafeteriaandreviewthem.Say,howaboutcopyingt

hemoverinthelibrarynexttothecafeteria?M:Great!IthinkI’vegotenoughcoinsforthemachines.W:OK.ButIdon’tunderstandwhyyouneedmynotes

,David.Youhaven’tmissedanyclasses,haveyou?M:Ihaven’t.Butweekdaymornings,Iworkpart-timeasawaiteratacoffeeshopdowntown.Afterwork,Icomedirectlyt

oschool!W:Wow,you’reprobablyexhausted!M:That’sexactlywhyIwanttoborrowyournotes.Iamnotabletotakegoodnotes.W:W

hathappenstoyouduringtheclasses?M:I’musuallyawakeatthebeginning.Butaftertwentyminutesintoclass,Ihavetroublekeepingmyeyesopen.W:Hmm…Ineedsomeone

tostudywithme,andyouneedsomeonetokeepyouawake,wanttobestudypartnersandworktogether?M:Yeah,I’dsureappreciateit.W:OK,let’sst

arttodayatthelibrary.We’regoingthereanyway,andyoudon’thavetogotothecoffeeshop.M:Soundsgood.Oh,here’sProfessorRobinson.

Itlookslikehe’sbroughtalongsomemoreofhisslides.WakemeupifIstartnoddingoff.W:OfcourseIwill.Don’tforgetwearestudypartnersnow.(Nowl

istenagainplease.)Questions:1.Whydoesthemanaskthewomanforhernotes?2.Wheredoesthemandohispart-timejob?3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemdoing?4.Whatcan

welearnfromtheconversation?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fill

intheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofth

egivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BuyNow,PayLaterSpendingBuynow,paylater(BNPL)spendingisexpectedtorisetorecord

levelsthisholidayseason.Withsomanyyoung“buynow,paylater”shoppersalreadyindebtfromthisshort-termfinancingtoolnotrequiringinte

rest,questionsemerge:Whydotheseshoppersusesuchatool?Andwhatrisksdoesitposetotheirbudgetsinthemonths____21____(come)?ThemanyGenerationZandmillennials

(typicallyaround40yearsandyounger)tendtousethisshort-termfinancing,____22____allowsthemtobuyitemsandpayforthemovertime.Offered

mostlybyfinancialtechnologies,BNPLallowsthesecustomerstopaybacktheirpurchases____23____interestandwithth

efirstpaymentusuallymadeatcheckout.Themostcommon“buynow,paylater”planis____24____customersmakefourequalpaymentsandpayoffthedebtinsi

xweeks.It’sbeenalifelineforsomepeople,suchasauniversitystudent____25____weeklyincomeisnotbigenough.“BNPLprovidesconsumerswithflex

iblepaymentoptionssothey____26____managespending,”saidVivekPandya,leadanalystatAdobeDigitalInsights.Thatisofgreat

importanceformanyconsumers,especially____27____withatendencytopurchasehigher-costitems.However,sinceBNPL____28____(appea

r),warningsfromexpertshavecomeintoourview.Theyhavebeenindicatingthatit’sfinanciallyunhealthytoformsuchaspendinghabit.AccordingtoNewYorkFederalReser

veeconomists,BNPLmayencouragedebttoincreaseovertime,____29____(influence)aconsumer’sabilitytomeetnon-BNPLcommitm

ents,oruserstooverextendthemselves.Usersshouldalsonotethat______30______interestisnotchargedontheloan,they’llbehitwithlatefe

esformissedpayments,whichcanaddupquickly,saystheConsumerFinancialProtectionBureau.【答案】21.tocome22.which23.with24.that25.whose26.can27.thos

e28.appeared29.influencing30.although##though##while【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了BNPL消费的优缺点，以及作者对BNPL的态度。【21题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在未来的几个月，这会给他们的预

算带来什么风险？分析句子可知，空处表示动作未发生，应用动词不定式修饰前面的名词，作后置定语，inthemonthstocome译为“在未来几个月”。故填tocome。【22题详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多Z世代和千禧一代（通常在40岁及以下）倾向于使用这种短期融资，这使他们能够购

买物品并在一段时间内付款。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是thisshort-termfinancing，指物，用关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填which。【23题详解】考查介词。句意：BNPL主要由金融技术提供，允许这些客户带息还款，第一笔付款通常在结账时支付。wit

hinterest“付利息地，带息”为固定搭配。故填with。【24题详解】考查表语从句。句意：最常见的“先买后付”计划是，客户分期付款四次，并在六周内还清债务。分析句子可知，此处应用表语从句的连接词，从句句子完整，不缺少成分，应用

只起连接作用，无实意的that引导。故填that。【25题详解】考查定语从句。句意：对于一些人来说，这是一条生命线，比如一名每周收入不够大的大学生。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是student，指人，且在从句中作名词income的定语，用关系代词wh

ose引导从句，在从句中作定语。故填whose。【26题详解】考查情态动词。AdobeDigitalInsights首席分析师VivekPandya表示：“BNPL为消费者提供了灵活的支付选择，使他们能够管理支出。”分析句子可知，空处应用情态动词，根据句意

可知，此处应用表示“能够，可以”的情态动词can。故填can。【27题详解】考查代词。这对许多消费者来说非常重要，尤其是那些倾向于购买高成本商品的消费者。分析句子可知，空处应用代词，指代前文的cons

umers，指代名词复数，应用代词those。故填those。【28题详解】考查动词时态。然而，自从BNPL出现以来，专家们的警告已经进入了我们的视野。根据since和havecome以及句意可知，主句是现在完成时，since从

句描述过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式。故填appeared。【29题详解】考查现在分词。根据纽约联邦储备银行经济学家的说法，BNPL可能会鼓励债务随着时间的推移而增加，影响消费者履行非BNPL承诺

的能力，或者用户过度扩张自己。该句的谓语是mayencourage，且无连词，空处应用非谓语动词，influence与逗号前面的句子之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填influencing。【

30题详解】考查让步状语从句。消费者金融保护局说，用户还应该注意，虽然贷款不收取利息，但他们将因未付款而受到滞纳金的打击，这些滞纳金可能很快就会累积起来。根据interestisnotchargedonthel

oan与they’llbehitwithlatefeesformissedpayments存在让步转折关系可知，空处应用让步状语从句的连接词，表示“虽然，尽管”，故填although/though/w

hile。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Note

thatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．attractiveB．botheredC．buildingD．contrastsE．crossedF．demonstratesG．dramaticallyH．greyedI．instrumentalJ．sust

ainingK．vividlyAReviewonOppenheimerOppenheimerisChristopherNolan’sfilmaboutJ.RobertOppenheimer,themanknownas“thefatheroftheato

mic(原子的)bomb”.Asadramaaboutgenius,prideanderror,it____31____thelifeoftheAmericantheoreticalphysicistwhohelpedresearchanddevelopthetwoa

tomicbombsthatweredroppedonHiroshimaandNagasaki,twocitiesinJapan,duringWorldWarII.Oppenheimerisagreatachievement,par

tlybecauseit____32____relatesthatperiodofhistorythankstoNolan’slifelikefilmmaking.Nolangoesdeepandlongon

the____33____ofthebomb,buthedoesn’trestagetheattacksandtherearenodocumentaryimagesofthedeadorcitiesinashes.Thestorytracks

Oppenheimeracrossdecades,startinginthe1920swithhimasayoungadultandcontinuinguntilhishair____34____.The

filmtouchesonhispersonalandprofessionalmilestones,thecontroversiesthat____35____him,andtheattacksthatnearlyruinedhim.Besides,thefriends

hipsandromances____36____him,yetalsotroubling,arealsodescribed.ThepathofOppenheimer’slife___37___shif

tedatBerkeley.Hewasonceonlyanacademicthere,buthisidentitychangedafterGermanyenteredPolandbyforce.Bythattime,Oppenheime

rhadbecomefriendswithErnestLawrence,aphysicistwhoinventedthehistoricparticleaccelerator(粒子加速器)andplayeda(n)____38_

___roleintheManhattanProject.AndOppenheimeralsomettheproject’smilitaryheadandwasthenmadedirectorofLos

Alamos,wheremuchofhislaterresearchonnuclearweaponstookplace.FrançoisTruffautoncewrotethat“warfilms,eventhosewhosupportpeace,eve

nthebest,willinglyornot,presentwarsinacertain____39____way.”ThatiswhyNolanrefusestoshowthebombingofHiroshimaandNagasaki,killingmillionsofso

uls.Inthefilm,youhearthatOppenheimer’sfamouswords____40____hisownmindasthemushroomcloudrose:“NowIambeco

meDeath,thedestroyerofworlds.”Nolanisactuallyremindingaudiencetoreconsidertherolestheycanplayintheworld.【答案】31.F32.K33.C34.H35.B36.J37.G38.I39.A40.E

【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章是一则关于《奥本海默》的影评，介绍了电影的大概内容以及人物的背景知识。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：作为一部关于天才、骄傲和错误的戏剧，它展示了美国理论物理学家的一生，他

在第二次世界大战期间帮助研究和开发了投在日本广岛和长崎两个城市的两颗原子弹。根据“thelifeoftheAmericantheoreticalphysicist”以及句意“展示”可知应填动词demonstrat

e，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用三单形式。故选F。【32题详解】考查副词。句意：《奥本海默》是一部伟大的作品，部分原因是由于诺兰栩栩如生的电影制作，它生动地讲述了那段历史。根据“relatesthatperiodofhistory”以及句

意“生动”可知应填副词vividly，修饰动词relate。故选K。【33题详解】考查名词。句意：诺兰对原子弹的建造进行了深入而漫长的研究，但他没有重现袭击事件，也没有记录死者或灰烬中的城市。根据“ofth

ebomb”以及句意“建造”可知应填名词building，作宾语。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：故事讲述了奥本海默几十年的故事，从20世纪20年代他年轻的时候开始，一直持续到他头发变白。根据“withhimasayoungadultandcont

inuinguntilhishair”以及句意“变白”可知应填动词grey，结合上文startinginthe1920s可知为一般过去时。故选H。【35题详解】考查时态。句意：这部电影触及了他个人和职业

上的里程碑，困扰他的争议，以及几乎毁了他的攻击。根据“thecontroversiesthat”以及句意“困扰”可知应填动词bother，结合attacksthatnearlyruinedhim可知为一般过去时。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词。句意：除此之外，书中还描

述了支持他的友谊和爱情，但也令人不安。根据“him,yetalsotroubling”以及句意“支持”可知应填动词sustain，此处为现在分词作定语。故选J。【37题详解】考查副词。句意：奥本海默的人生轨迹在伯克利发生了戏剧性的变化。根据“Hewaso

nceonlyanacademicthere,buthisidentitychangedafterGermanyenteredPolandbyforce.(他曾经只是一名学者，但在德国武力入侵波兰后，他的身份发生了变化)”以

及句意“戏剧性”可知应填副词dramatically，修饰动词shift。故选G。【38题详解】考查形容词。句意：那时，奥本海默已经和欧内斯特·劳伦斯成了朋友，劳伦斯发明了具有历史意义的粒子加速器，并在曼哈顿计划中发挥

了重要作用。根据“roleintheManhattanProject”以及句意“重要”可知应填形容词instrumental，修饰名词role。故选I。【39题详解】考查形容词。句意：弗朗索瓦·特吕弗曾写道：“战

争片，即使是那些支持和平的电影，即使是最好的电影，无论是否愿意，都以某种吸引人的方式呈现战争。”根据“warfilms,eventhosewhosupportpeace,eventhebest,willinglyornot,presen

twarsinacertain”以及句意“吸引人的”可知应填形容词attractive，修饰名词way。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词。句意：在电影中，当蘑菇云升起时，你会听到奥本海默的名言闪过他的脑海：“现在我变成了死神，世界的毁灭者。”根据“youheart

hatOppenheimer’sfamouswords”以及句意“闪过”可知应填cross，结合asthemushroomcloudrose可知为一般过去时。故选E。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankin

thefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Parishaslongbeenatthehe

artofthehistoryofflight.ItiswheretheMontgolfierbrotherswentupinthefirsthot-airballoonin1783,andwhereCharlesLindberghcomplete

dthefirstone-persontransatlanticareophanejourneyin1927.Nextyear,ifallgoestoplan,Pariswillwitnessthebirthofanotherindust

ry____41____,whenVolocopter,aGermanmakerofelectricaircraft,launchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames.AttheParis

AirshowinJune,Volocopterandsomeofitscompetitorsdisplayedanewgenerationof____42____flyingmachinesdesignedforurbantransport.Theelectrification

ofaviation(航空)hasoftenbeendismissedasapipedream,withbatteriesassumedtooheavya___43___fortraditionalfuelinan

airbornevehicle.Forlongerjourneys,thatmaywellbetrue.YetupstartslikeVolocopterarebettingthatelectrificationcan____44____aboomindemandfor

cleanandquickairjourneysovershorterdistances.Themainformofaflyingtaxiunder____45____,calledanelectricv

ertical(垂直的)take-offandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft,isexpectedtocarryuptofourpassengersplusapilot.Poweredbybatteries,itispredictedtobeboth

quietenoughtoreducecomplaintsincrowdedcities,andfast:capableofupto300kph,enoughtocomfortably____46____acar,especiallytheo

nestuckintraffic.AndoptimistsbelievetheabsenceoftrafficintheskywillalsomakeeVTOLswell-suitedto____47____opera

tion.Theycouldprovehandyfortransportinggoods,too.Thatvisionhasinspired____48____predictions.Forexample,MorganStanley,a

ninvestmentbank,estimatesglobalspendingoneVTOLscouldhit$1,000billionby2040!Regardlessoftheabove____49____expectations,ch

allengesremain.Oneproblemistechnicalcertification,whichisturningouttobea(n)____50____processasaviationregulatorsworkonanentirelyne

wformofaircraft.Latelastyear,duetoregulatorydelaysandsomeotherfactors,Joby,aSiliconValleystartup,wasforcedto____51____itslaunchbyonemoreyea

runtil2025.Manyhaveevenlongertogo.Thebiggerquestionis—isthebusinessofflyingtaxis___52___practicable?EVTOL

scurrentlyrangeinpricefrom$1millionto$4million.Somebelievethattheircostmaycomedownastheindustrydevelops.BrianYutkoofWisk,amakerbackedbyBoei

ng,saysthatflying-taxirideswillbeaccessibleto____53____inthenearfuture.AndJobypromisesthatitsfareswillbecomparabletocatchin

gacommontaxi.____54____,thereisanoppositebeliefthateVTOLsarelikelytoremainexpensive.Somestudiessuggestthecostcouldendupashighas$7perkilometer,manytim

esaregulartaxifare.Thatmeans,evenwithoutapilot,flyingtaxismayremainaconvenience____55____onlytoaluckyfew.Let’sexpectplentymoreexperimentswithelec

tricaircraftintheyearsahead.41.A.cooperatorB.competitorC.observerD.pioneer42.A.wind-drivenB.battery-drivenC.gas-drivenD.s

olar-driven43.A.substituteB.shelterC.treatmentD.desire44.A.regulateB.maintainC.unlockD.reverse45.A.pressureB.attackC.developmentD.repair46.A.under

estimateB.updateC.outpaceD.overdo47.A.rigidB.autonomousC.attentiveD.illegal48.A.daringB.discouragingC.unclearD.ordinary4

9.A.technologicalB.unrealisticC.rewardingD.enthusiastic50.A.efficientB.simpleC.lengthyD.intelligent51.A.putof

fB.speedupC.objecttoD.approveof52.A.historicallyB.technicallyC.theoreticallyD.economically53.A.thelearnedB.thedisabledC.theseniors

D.themasses54.A.FurthermoreB.HoweverC.FortunatelyD.Consequently55.A.affordableB.valuableC.unbelievableD.unsu

itable【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.C45.C46.C47.B48.A49.D50.C51.A52.D53.D54.B55.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是明年，如果一切按计划进行，巴黎将见证另一个行业先驱的诞生，届时德国电动飞机制造商V

olocopter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务。【41题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：明年，如果一切按计划进行，巴黎将见证另一个行业先驱的诞生，届时德国电动飞机制造商Volocopter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务。A.coop

erator合作者；B.competitor竞争者；C.observer观察者；D.pioneer先锋。根据下文“launchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames”可知，Volocopter将在奥运会期间推出飞行出租车服务，这在以前是没有的

，所以这是行业先驱，空格处用pioneer。故选D。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在今年6月的巴黎航展上，Volocopter及其一些竞争对手展示了专为城市交通设计的新一代电池驱动飞行器。A.wind-driven风驱动的；B.ba

ttery-driven电池驱动的；C.gas-driven燃气驱动的；D.solar-driven太阳能驱动的。根据下文“Theelectrificationofaviation(航空)hasoftenbeendismi

ssedasapipedream,withbatteriesassumedtooheavy”可知，飞行器是电池驱动的。故选B。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：航空电气化常常被认为是白日梦，因为人们认为电池太重，无法替代传统的空中交通工具燃料。A.substitute替代物；B.she

lter庇护处；C.treatment治疗；D.desire渴望。根据上文“batteriesassumedtooheavy”和下文“fortraditionalfuelinanairbornevehicle”可知，人们认为电池太重，无法替代传统的空中交通工

具燃料。故选A。【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，像Volocopter这样的新贵正在打赌，电气化可以在较短的距离内释放对清洁和快速空中旅行的需求。A.regulate调节；B.maintain保持；C.unlock开启；D.reverse预定。根据下文“aboomindeman

dforcleanandquickairjourneysovershorterdistances”可知，此处表示“像Volocopter这样的新贵正在打赌，电气化可以在较短的距离内释放对清洁和快速空中旅行的需求”，空

格处意为“开启”。故选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：正在开发的飞行出租车的主要形式被称为电动垂直起降(eVTOL)飞机，预计最多可搭载四名乘客和一名飞行员。A.pressure压力；B.attack袭击；C.development开发；D.r

epair修理。根据上文“Nextyear,ifallgoestoplan,Pariswillwitnessthebirthofanotherindustry____1____,whenVolocopter,aGermanmak

erofelectricaircraft,launchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames”可知，这种飞行出租车明年才推出，所以现在是正在被开发。故选C。【46题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它由电池供电，预计既能安静到减少拥挤城

市中的抱怨，又能快速行驶:时速可达300公里，足以轻松超过汽车，尤其是堵车的汽车。A.underestimate低估；B.update更新；C.outpace赶过；D.overdo把……做得过分。根据上文“capableofupto300kph”可知，时速可达300公里，可

以超过汽车。故选C。【47题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乐观主义者认为，空中交通的减少也将使eVTOLs非常适合自主操作。A.rigid严格死板的；B.autonomous自动的；C.attentive注意的，专心的；D.il

legal非法的。根据上文“theabsenceoftrafficinthesky”可知，空中交通的减少就使得eVTOL很适合自主操作。故选B。【48题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这一愿景激发了大胆的预测。A.daring大

胆的；B.discouraging令人沮丧的；C.unclear不清楚的；D.ordinary普通的。根据下文“Forexample,MorganStanley,aninvestmentbank,estimatesglobalspendingone

VTOLscouldhit$1,000billionby2040”可知，关于eVTOLs的愿景激发了人的大胆预测，所以有人愿意花钱在eVTOL上。故选A。【49题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有上述热情的期望，挑战依然存在。A.technologic

al技术的；B.unrealistic不现实的；C.rewarding值得的，有意义的；D.enthusiastic热情的。根据上文“AndoptimistsbelievetheabsenceoftrafficintheskywillalsomakeeVTOLswell-su

itedto____7____operation.Theycouldprovehandyfortransportinggoods,too.”可知，上文所说的是对eVTOL的热情的期望。故选D。【50题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一

个问题是技术认证，这是一个漫长的过程，因为航空监管机构正在研究一种全新形式的飞机。A.efficient效率高的；B.simple简单的；C.lengthy冗长的；D.intelligent聪明的。根据上文“technicalcertification”和下文“aviationre

gulatorsworkonanentirelynewformofaircraft”可知，技术认证是很漫长的过程，因为航空监管机构正在研究一种全新形式的飞机。故选C。【51题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：去年年底，由于监管延误和其他一些因素，硅谷初创公司J

oby被迫将推出时间再推迟一年，直到2025年。A.putoff推迟；B.speedup加速；C.objectto反对；D.approveof同意。根据上文“duetoregulatorydelays”可知，监管延误导致硅谷初创公司Joby被迫将推出

时间再推迟一年。故选A。【52题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：更大的问题是——飞行出租车在经济上可行吗？A.historically历史上地；B.technically技术上；C.theoretically理论上；D.economically在经济上。根据“EVT

OLscurrentlyrangeinpricefrom$1millionto$4million.”可知，EVTOL很贵，所以此处问的问题是它在经济上是否可行。故选D。【53题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：波音支持的制造商Wisk的BrianYutko说，在不久的将来，群众将可

以乘坐飞行出租车。A.thelearned学识渊博的人；B.thedisabled残疾人；C.theseniors老年人；D.themasses群众。根据下文“itsfareswillbecomparabletocatchingacommonta

xi”可知，它的票价与普通出租车相当，那么将来普通的群众也可以乘坐这种飞行出租车。故选D。【54题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，有一种相反观点认为evtol可能仍然很昂贵。A.Furthermore另外；B.However然而；C.Fortunatel

y幸运的是；D.Consequently结果。根据上文“Jobypromisesthatitsfareswillbecomparabletocatchingacommontaxi”和下文“thereisanoppositebeliefthateVTOLsarelikelytor

emainexpensive”可知，前后两句是转折关系，因此空格处是However。故选B。【55题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这意味着，即使没有飞行员，飞行出租车可能仍然是一种只有少数幸运儿才能负担得起的便利。A.affordabl

e负担得起的；B.valuable有价值的；C.unbelievable难以置信的；D.unsuitable不合适的。根据上文“Somestudiessuggestthecostcouldendupashighas$

7perkilometer,manytimesaregulartaxifare”可知，飞行出租车票价仍然很贵，所以只有少数人才能负担得起。故选A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eac

hpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbe

staccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.的(A)Everysummer,asachild,Ispentwithmyparentstheannualfamilyholiday,flying

awayfromourhomeintheWestMidlandstotheirbirthplaceinIreland.Ienjoyedit,butonce,Ibehaveddifferentlyandlefthome.Packagetoursandl

ong-distanceflightsbecamemyideaofaholiday.IthenwentandranintoanEnglishmanwhoalsocameofIrishstock,andwebothfelttheurgetorenewourk

nowledgeofIreland.Itwasimportantforustodiscoversomethingdifferentfromourchildhoodvisits.Sothat’showwecametodrivealongthewindingStJohn’sPointPeni

nsula(半岛)inDonegal,partofIreland’sWildAtlanticWay,tovisitauniquepartofthe20th-centuryhistory—theDonegalCorridor.Whenanyonedrivestothep

ointwherethelandrunsout,heseesgiantwhitestonesfixedfirmlyingreengrassspellingout“EIRE”and“70”,whiletheAtlanticwindfi

ercelyblowsacrosstheheadlandandtheice-whitewavessmashintotherocksbelow.Themeaningbehindthestones?Theydatebackt

otheSecondWorldWarwhenStJohn’sPointwasnumber70inatotalof83LookOutPoints(LOPs),observationstationssetupandmaintainedb

yIrelandallarounditscoast.ThereliesabitofcuriousUK-Irelandhistory.AlthoughIrelandwasofficiallyneutralduringthewar,theBattleoftheAtlanticwasbeingf

oughtclosetoIrishshores,andtheseLOPs,staffedbylocalvolunteersknownasCoastwatchers,passedoninformationonactivitiesconnectedwiththeseaandweatherfr

ontstoLondon.AtStJohn’sPoint,wewerestandingrightundertheDonegalCorridor,alongnarrowareaofairspaceinwhichIrelandensuredsafepassageduri

ngWorldWarIItoplanesintheRAF(RoyalAirForce)frombasesintheUK-governedNorthofIreland.Thestonemarkingsactedasreferencepointstoairc

rews.StandingonthisroughareaoflandsurroundedbythewildandwindyoceanbroughthometoustheconditionsinwhichtheCoastwatchersandaircrewsintheRAFcoope

ratedinasharedhistory.Irevoltedagainstmyfamilytraditionthatsummer,andIfulfilledmyaimofdiscoveringsomethi

ngnewandabsorbedallDonegalhastooffer:emptygoldenbeaches,mysteriousancientstonecircles,folkmusicandcrafts,andta

styfood.IhadfalleninlovewithIrelandalloveragain.56.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromparagraphs1to3?A.ShemetachildhoodfriendfromIr

elandthatyear.B.SheandthatEnglishmanbothhadIrishancestors.C.Shetookpackagetoursandlong-distanceflightseveryyear.D.SheexploredtheWildAtl

anticWaywithherfamilymembers.57.ThegiantwhitestoneswereimportantduringWWIIbecause.A.theBattleoftheAtlantictookplacerightclosetothemB.

weatherinformationfromtheUKwassentthroughthemC.theyfunctionedasreferencepointstoaircrewsintheRAFD.theyrankedatthetopinthe83LOP

saroundtheIrishcoast58.Theexpression“revoltedagainst”inthelastparagraphisclosestinmeaningto.A.worriedaboutB.passedonC.

celebratedD.disobeyed59.Whichmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AGlobalJourneyB.DiscoveringUndiscoveredDonegalC.HappyHolida

ysD.EscapingfromtheWestMidlands【答案】56.B57.C58.D59.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者有一年夏天去爱尔兰旅行的经历，她和一位同样有爱尔兰血统的英国人参观了多尼戈尔走廊，发现了

其背后独特的历史意义，并认识到了很多新事物。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Everysummer,asachild,Ispentwithmyparentstheannualfamilyholiday,flyingawayfromou

rhomeintheWestMidlandstotheirbirthplaceinIreland.(小时候，每年夏天，我都会和父母一起度过一年一度的家庭假期，从西米德兰兹郡的家飞到他们在爱尔兰的出生地)”和第二段中“IthenwentandranintoanEnglishmanwh

oalsocameofIrishstock,andwebothfelttheurgetorenewourknowledgeofIreland.(然后我去了，碰到了一个同样是爱尔兰血统的英国人，我们都感到迫

切需要更新我们对爱尔兰的认识)”可知，作者和这位英国人都有爱尔兰祖先。故选B项。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“AtStJohn’sPoint,wewerestandingrightundertheDonegal

Corridor,alongnarrowareaofairspaceinwhichIrelandensuredsafepassageduringWorldWarIItoplanesintheRAF(Roya

lAirForce)frombasesintheUK-governedNorthofIreland.Thestonemarkingsactedasreferencepointstoaircrews.(在圣约翰角，我们正站在多尼戈尔

走廊的正下方，这是一个狭长的空域，在第二次世界大战期间，爱尔兰确保了英国皇家空军RAF的飞机从英国统治的北爱尔兰基地安全通过。这些石头标记充当了机组人员的参考点)”可知，这些白色巨石在二战中很重要是因为它们是英国皇家空军机组人员的参考点。故选C项。【58题详解】词句猜测

题。根据第二段中“Ienjoyedit,butonce,Ibehaveddifferentlyandlefthome.(我很喜欢，但有一次，我表现得不一样，离开了家)”，以及画线词的下文“myfamilytraditionthatsummer(那年夏天我的家庭传统)”可推知，此处指上文

提到的作者在那年夏天没有遵循以往的家庭传统，而是独自一人去旅行，revoltagainst意思应该是“反抗，不遵循”，与disobey意思相近。故选D项。【59题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Ifulfilledmy

aimofdiscoveringsomethingnewandabsorbedallDonegalhastooffer:emptygoldenbeaches,mysteriousancientstonecircles,f

olkmusicandcrafts,andtastyfood.IhadfalleninlovewithIrelandalloveragain(我实现了发现新事物的目标，并吸收了多尼戈尔所能提供的一切：空旷的金色海滩、神秘的古代

石圈、民间音乐和手工艺，以及美味的食物。我又一次爱上了爱尔兰)”可知，文章讲述了作者有一年夏天去爱尔兰旅行的经历，她和一位同样有爱尔兰血统的英国人参观了多尼戈尔走廊，发现了其背后独特的历史意义，并认识到了很多新事物。因此，B项

“发现未被发现的多尼戈尔”符合文章大意，适合作为标题。故选B项。(B)Ads,news,movies,TVshows,andmanyothertypesofmediaallwantyoutoaccepttheirmessagesatfacevalue.

However,youshouldlookbeneaththesurfaceandaskquestionstodecodewhatthemediamessageisreallysaying.Youneedtoaskyourselftw

obasicquestions:Whoisthesourceofthemessage?Howisittryingtogetyourattention?Question1:Whoisthesourceofthemessage?(Pictu

reA)Knowingwhoisresponsibleforamessagecanrevealitstrueintention,aswellasanypossibleprejudice.Justtakethepictureaboveasanexamp

le.Whyareweaskedtobantheimpacts?Don’tforgetthatthesourceatthebottomplaysapart.If,sometimes,thesourceisn’tclear,wecanlookforitbycheckinglegald

ocuments.Question2:Howisittryingtogetyourattention?(PictureB)Theobviouspartofamessageiscalledthetext,whichincludesanylanguage,imagery,music,oranyth

ingelseyoucanseeorhear.Theimpliedpartofamessageiscalledthesubtext,andit’ssuggestedbythecontentratherthandirectlyseenorheard.Weasindividualsthendec

idehowtointerpretthissubtextbasedonourpersonalideas,worldviews,andexpectations.Peoplewithdifferentperspec

tivesmightinterpretthesamepieceofmessagedifferently.Mindthatsomemediamayjusttakeadvantageoftheprejudice.(PictureC)Photocontrolisnearlyasoldasphot

ographyitself,butmoderntechnologyhasmadeitcommonandeasytodo.Usingphotoeditingsoftware,almostanyonecanmakebi

gchangestoanimage,fromadjustingcolorsandlightingtoaddingandremovingcontent.That’swhyyoushouldalwayskeepacriticaleyeonimagesinthemedia.Somemediamayho

ldbackoroverstateinformation,likeanadvertisementthatmakestheproductsappearmoreeffectivethantheyreallyare.(PictureD)Socialmediauserscanals

ogivethemselvesadigitaltransformationwithalittleeffort.Theycanmakethemselveslookhowevertheylikeinjustafewmoments.Butsincetheseeditedimagesareprese

ntedasreality,theycanaffectourmentalwell-being.Byconstantlyseeingpicturesofartificiallysuperbpeople,someofusmaystarttobelievethatthes

epicturesaregenuine,andthatwecanneverliveuptotheseunrealisticideals.Thistypeofharmfulthinkingcanleadtoallsortsofmentalandemotion

alhealthconcerns.60.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.themediahopethatyoucanmakesenseoftheirtruemeaningsB.findi

ngthesourcesofmediahelpstoformasensiblejudgmentC.textismoreimportantthansubtextwhenweanalyzethemessagesD.photographyandphotoedit

ingsoftwaredatebacktothesametime61.Yourauntfindshernewly-boughtbeltdoesn’tmakehersostylishasadvertised.W

hichpicturecanillustratethecase?A.PictureAB.PictureBC.PictureCD.PictureD62.Thispassagecanbefoundunderthesectionof________.A.MassMediaReadingB.Cont

ent-TargetedAdvertisingC.DeconstructingWeb-pagesD.PersuasiveLanguageRecognition【答案】60.B61.C62.A【解析】【导

语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是解读媒体信息的真正含义所需要问的两个基本问题：消息的来源是谁和它是如何引起你的注意的。【60题详解】细节理解题。根据第1段“However,youshouldlookben

eaththesurfaceandaskquestionstodecodewhatthemediamessageisreallysaying.Youneedtoaskyourselftwobasicquestions:W

hoisthesourceofthemessage?Howisittryingtogetyourattention?(然而，你应该透过表面，问一些问题来解读媒体信息的真正含义。你需要问自己两个基本问题：消息的来源是谁？它是如何引起

你的注意的？)”可知，找到媒体的来源有助于形成一个明智的判断。故选B。【61题详解】推理判断题。根据PictureC的介绍部分中的“Usingphotoeditingsoftware,almostan

yonecanmakebigchangestoanimage,fromadjustingcolorsandlightingtoaddingandremovingcontent.That’swhyyoushouldalwayskeepacritical

eyeonimagesinthemedia.Somemediamayholdbackoroverstateinformation,likeanadvertisementthatmakestheproductsappearmoreeffecti

vethantheyreallyare.(使用照片编辑软件，几乎任何人都可以对图像进行重大修改，从调整颜色和灯光到添加和删除内容。这就是为什么你应该始终对媒体中的图像保持批判的眼光。一些媒体可能会隐瞒或夸大信息，比如广告使产品看起来

比实际更有效。)”可知，题干“你阿姨发现她新买的腰带并不像广告上说的那么时髦”描述的是货与商家宣传照片不对版，与图C一致。故选C。【62题详解】推理判断题。根据第1段“Ads,news,movies,TVshows,andmanyothertyp

esofmediaallwantyoutoaccepttheirmessagesatfacevalue.However,youshouldlookbeneaththesurfaceandaskquestionstodec

odewhatthemediamessageisreallysaying.(广告、新闻、电影、电视节目和许多其他类型的媒体都希望你从表面上接受它们的信息。然而，你应该透过表面，问一些问题来解读媒体信息的真正含义。)”可知，文章讲了如何识别各种媒体传递的真正

信息，因此可能在大众传媒阅读部分读到这篇文章。故选A。(C)Antibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokill

bacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpower

sarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Anti

microbial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.Itwouldbeun

wisetorelyonnewantibioticstosolvetheproblem.Therateatwhichresistanceemergesisincreasing.Somenewdrugslastonlytwoyearsbefo

rebacteriadevelopresistance.Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwithth

emostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.Governmentshavebeentryingtofixthep

roblembychannelingcashintoresearchindrugfirms.Thathasproducedonlylimitedimprovements.Butthereisaphenomenonworthalook.Microbiologistshav

eknownfordecadesthatdisease-causingbacteriacansufferfromillnessesoftheirown.Theyaresupersensitivetoattacksbyphages,specia

lizedvirusesthatinfectbacteriaandoftenkillthem.Phagesareconsideredapromisingalternativetoantibiotics.Usingonedis

ease-causingvirustofightbacteriahasseveraladvantages.Likeantibiotics,phagesonlytendtochooseparticulartargets,leavinghumancellsaloneasth

eyinfectanddestroybacterialones.Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthatevenifbacteriadodevelopresistance

,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.That,atleast,isthetheory.Thetroublewithphagesisthatcomparativelylittleisknownaboutthem.Afterthediscoveryofp

enicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibiotic-resistanceproblem,itwouldbeagoodideatof

indoutmoreaboutthem.Thefirststepistorunmoreclinicaltrials.InterestfromWesternfirmsisgrowing.Butitisbeingheldbackbythefactthatpha

gesareanevenlessappealinginvestmentthanantibiotics.Sincetheyarenaturallivingthings,theremaybetroublepatentingthem,mak

ingithardtorecoveranyinvestment.Governmentscanhelpfundbasicresearchintophagetreatmentandclarifythelawaroundexactlywhatisandisnotpaten

table.Intimetheycansetupphagebankssoastomakeproductioncheaper.Andtheycanspreadawarenessoftherisksofoverus

ingantibiotics,andthepotentialbenefitsofphages.63.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1and2that.A.doctorstendtousenewantibioticswhenthepatientsaskforthe

mB.antimicrobialresistanceisdevelopingmorerapidlythanpredictedC.newantibioticsfailtoattractdrugfirmsduetolimiteduseofthemD.previo

usantibioticsareeffectiveinsolvingmodernhealthproblems64Whatisphages’advantageoverantibiotics?A.Theycanincreasehumancellswhenfightingbacter

ia.B.Theyarenotparticularaboutwhichcellstoinfectandkill..C.Theycanevolveaccordinglywhenbacteriadevelopresistance.D.Theyaretoosensitivetobein

fectedbydisease-causingbacteria.65.Accordingtothepassage,theobstacletophagetreatmentisthat.A.thereislittlechanceofpatentingphagesinthefu

tureB.governmentsprovidefinancialsupportforotherresearchC.theemergenceofsuperbugsholdsbackdrugfirms’interestD.over-

dependenceonantibioticsdistractsattentionfromphages66.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Governmentsfailtostoptheuseofantibio

tics.B.Phagescouldhelppreventanantibioticscrisis.C.Developmentofantibioticsislimitedbyphages.D.Antimicrobialresistancecallsfornewantibiotic

s.【答案】63.C64.C65.D66.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广。【63题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Whennew

antibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingne

wantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.(当新的抗生素出现时，医生通常会把它们储存起来，在面对最持久的感染时，他们只是不情愿地短期使用它们。这限制了销售，使得新抗生素对大多数制药公司来说是一个没有吸引力的想法)”可知，由于使用有限，新型抗生素无法

吸引制药公司。故选C。64题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthat

evenifbacteriadodevelopresistance,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.(与抗生素不同，噬菌体可以像细菌一样迅速进化，这意味着即使细菌产生耐药性，噬菌体也可以反过来在细菌周围进化)”可知，噬菌体相对于

抗生素优势是当细菌产生耐药性时，它们会相应地进化。故选C。【65题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thetroublewithphagesisthatcomparativelylittleisknownaboutt

hem.Afterthediscoveryofpenicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibiotic-resistanceproblem,

itwouldbeagoodideatofindoutmoreaboutthem.(噬菌体的问题在于，人们对【的它们的了解相对较少。1928年，第一种抗生素青霉素被发现后，它们在西方基本上被忽视了。考虑到抗生素耐药性问题的严重性，找到更多关于它们的信息将是一个好主意)”可知，噬菌体治疗的障

碍是对抗生素的过度依赖分散了对噬菌体的关注。故选D。【66题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Antibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcur

einfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafe

r.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsup

erbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millio

nin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.(抗生素对现代医学至关重要，它可以消灭或阻止细菌的生长，并治愈感染。它们在不伤害病人的情况下杀死细菌的能力挽救了数十亿人的生命，并使外科手术更加安全。但经过几十年的过度使用，它们的力量正在减弱。一些细菌已经进化出了耐药性，产生了

越来越多的超级细菌，而目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。抗微生物药物耐药性被许多人视为一场危机。预计到2050年，每年将导致1000万人死亡，而2019年约为100万人)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要解释了噬菌体可以替代问题多多的抗生素，有许多优点，建议政府多方面采取措施推动推广，所以本

文的主旨是噬菌体可以帮助预防抗生素危机。故选B。SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsen

tencecanonlybeusedonce.Notethattherearetwosentencesmorethanyouneed.SocialMaskingAmandaisalwaysanexpertatworkingtheroom.Shewou

ldadoptthemannerofthepeoplearoundhertofitinwhilehidinghertruepersonality.Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofhidingyournaturalwayofin

teractingwithotherssoyoucanfeelaccepted.____67____Instead,theyarehopingtofitinwitheverybodyelse.Socialmaskingisasetoflearnedpattern-matchingbeh

aviors,movementsandactionswhereyoutrytobenormaltofitinratherthanstandout.____68____Peopleallwearcertainso

cialmasksinordertogetthroughsometrickylifesituationswithconfidence,accordingtoDr.TaraQuinn-Cirillo.Andsomeexpertseventhinksoci

almaskingisbuiltinallhumanbeingsataphysicallevel,addingthatsomethinginourbraingivesindicationsofhowtoessentiallystaysafeandnotstickout.Inaworldthato

ftentellsustojustbeourselves,youmightwonderwhywearestilldependentonthesesocialmaskingbehaviors.“Socialmaskinghappensbecauseweasaspe

cieswanttobeincluded,”saysTara.“Ithasbeenatribalthingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown,fromahistoricalperspective.____69____”T

hereisahugedifferencebetweennaturallyidentifyingwithsomeoneandconsciouslysocialmasking.____70____Socialmasking,ontheotherhand,in

volvesaconsciousefforttochangeyourpersonalitytosuityoursurroundings.Ittypicallyinvolvesdepressingyournaturalu

rgesandchangingyourpersonalintereststofitthecrowd.A.Socialmaskersdonottryhardtomatchotherpeopleinpaceandtone.B.Socialmaskingi

ssomethingweallengageintosomeextent.C.Socialmaskersarenottryingtofoxanyone.D.Whenweareinnaturalidentificationwithsomeone,ithappens

naturally,andthereisverylittleeffortinvolved.E.It’sadoptedbypeopleunabletonaturallyactinawayconsideredsociallyacceptable.F.Thatis,it’sananc

ientpartofourevolutiontosocialize,ratherthanbeanti-socialoramisfit.【答案】67.C68.B69.F70.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是社交伪装，社交伪装的作用以及意义等。【67题详解】根据上文“A

mandaisalwaysanexpertatworkingtheroom.Shewouldadoptthemannerofthepeoplearoundhertofitinwhilehidinghertrueper

sonality.Thisissocialmasking,theprocessofhidingyournaturalwayofinteractingwithotherssoyoucanfeelaccepted.(阿曼达在整理房间方面总是很在行。她会模仿周围

人的举止来适应，同时隐藏自己的真实个性。这是社会伪装，隐藏你与他人互动的自然方式，这样你就会感到被接受)”以及后文“Instead,theyarehopingtofitinwitheverybodyelse.Soc

ialmaskingisasetoflearnedpattern-matchingbehaviors,movementsandactionswhereyoutrytobenormaltofitinratherthanstandout.(相反，他们希望能和其他人打成

一片。社会伪装是一套习得的模式匹配行为，动作和行动，你试图成为正常的，以适应而不是脱颖而出)”可知，后文指出了社会伪装者的真实意图，可知本句是在说明与后文“希望能和其他人打成一片”相反的观点：想要欺骗任何人。故C选项“社交伪装者并不是想要欺骗任何

人”符合语境，故选C。【68题详解】根据本段内容“Peopleallwearcertainsocialmasksinordertogetthroughsometrickylifesituationswithconfidence,accordingtoDr.TaraQui

nn-Cirillo.Andsomeexpertseventhinksocialmaskingisbuiltinallhumanbeingsataphysicallevel,addingthatsomethingi

nourbraingivesindicationsofhowtoessentiallystaysafeandnotstickout.(根据塔拉·奎因-西里洛博士的说法，人们都戴着一定的社交面具，以便自信地度过一些棘手的生活状况。一些专家甚至认为，社会面具是在所有人的身体层

面上建立的，并补充说，我们大脑中的某些东西给出了如何基本上保持安全而不引人注目的指示)”可知，本段主要说明了人们社交伪装的原因之一是为了度过困境。故B选项“在某种程度上，我们都会戴上社交面具”符合语境，故选B。【69题详解】根据上文“Inaworld

thatoftentellsustojustbeourselves,youmightwonderwhywearestilldependentonthesesocialmaskingbehaviors.“Socialm

askinghappensbecauseweasaspecieswanttobeincluded,”saysTara.“Ithasbeenatribalthingofbeingtogetherratherthanbeingonourown,fromah

istoricalperspective.(在一个经常告诉我们做自己的世界里，你可能想知道为什么我们仍然依赖于这些社会掩饰行为。塔拉说：“社会伪装之所以发生，是因为我们作为一个物种想要被包括在内。从历史的角度来看，这是一个部落的事情，我们在一起，而不是独自一

人)”可知，上文提到了我们不是独自一个人，而是一个群体，故本句进行进一步解释说明：社会化是我们进化的一个古老部分，而不是反社会或格格不入。故F选项“它被那些不能按照社会公认的方式自然行事的人所采用”符合语境，故选F。【70题详解】根据上文“The

reisahugedifferencebetweennaturallyidentifyingwithsomeoneandconsciouslysocialmasking.(在自然地认同某人和有意识的社会伪装之间存在着巨大的差异)”以及后文“So

cialmasking,ontheotherhand,involvesaconsciousefforttochangeyourpersonalitytosuityoursurroundings.Ittypicallyinvolvesdepressingyournaturalurgesand

changingyourpersonalintereststofitthecrowd.(另一方面，社会伪装涉及到有意识地改变你的个性以适应你的环境。它通常包括抑制你的自然冲动，改变你的个人兴趣以适应人群)”可知，本句是在解释自然认同和社会伪装之间的差异，故D选项“

当我们与某人产生自然的认同时，它会很自然地发生，几乎不需要付出什么努力”符合语境，故选D。IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.S

ummarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhyShouldWeReadLite

raryClassics?Manyhavegrownuponahealthydietofliteraryclassics.Someliteraryclassicshavebeeninspiringreadersinmanyways.Inthisageoffast-turners,howdoesi

nvestingourtimeinatimelessliteraryclassicchangeusforthebetter?Manyliteraryclassicsfromyesteryear,whichgo

tlittleornosuccesswhenpublished,areconsideredinvaluable.Thesebooksofferawindowthroughwhichwecanexperiencehistoriesrootedindifferentcultures.

Onecanalwaysask,“Butwecandosobyreadingourhistorybookstoo.Whydoweneedtoreadclassics?”Thesimpleansweristhattheseliteraryclassicsarenotjustaretell

ingofhistory.Theyallowustohaveamoreindividualizedexperience,wheretheyshowusotherwaystolookathistory.Itiscommonknowledgethatreadingasahabithelps

usimproveourcommandofthelanguage.Butliteraryclassicshaveanedge:theenrichingwritingstyleissomethingthatsetsthemapart.F

ascinatedwiththeamazingwordingandphrasing,we’llsurelypauseandwonderaboutwhatweread.Forinstance,whenwereadShakespeare,wenaturallybegintocon

siderhowtobetterexpressourideasjustlikehisfar-reaching“Havemorethanyoushow;speaklessthanyouknow.”Onemorebenefitisth

atafterreadingclassics,wewon’tseenon-classicsasjustotherstories:we’llbecomeinterestedinthem.Maybewe’

llrealizethatsomedetailsweignoredlasttimeareactuallyworthappreciating,orwe’lldiscoverliterarydevicesthatbringawholenewmeaningtothe

story.Literaryclassicsofferusmoreperspectivestodigdeepandenhanceourabilitytothinkandreason,whichwillinevitablyspillover

intoourreadingofotherworks.Wefinallyfallinlovewithnon-classicsaswell._______________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】

WhyShouldWeReadLiteraryClassics?Readingliteraryclassicsbenefitsusalot.Firstly,Itoffersusindividualizedwaysofexperiencinghistory

.secondly,itimprovesourwritingabilitybyencouragingustothinkovertheirexpressionsandlearntoexpressourideasinthatway.Besides

,we’lllovetoreadnon-classicsbecausereadingclassicsenableustothinkandreasondeeplyfromdiverseperspective.【解析】【导语】本文是篇议论文。阅读文学名著使我们受益匪浅。首先

，它为我们提供了个性化的体验历史的方式。其次，它通过鼓励我们思考他们的表达并学会用这种方式表达我们的想法来提高我们的写作能力。此外，我们会喜欢阅读非经典作品，因为阅读经典作品可以让我们从不同的角度进行深入的思考和推理。【详解】1.要点摘录：1.Inthisageoffast-turners,h

owdoesinvestingourtimeinatimelessliteraryclassicchangeusforthebetter?2.Thesimpleansweristhattheseliteraryclassicsarenotjustaretellingo

fhistory.Theyallowustohaveamoreindividualizedexperience,wheretheyshowusotherwaystolookathistory.3.Butli

teraryclassicshaveanedge:theenrichingwritingstyleissomethingthatsetsthemapart.4.Literaryclassicsofferusmoreperspectivestodig

deepandenhanceourabilitytothinkandreason,whichwillinevitablyspilloverintoourreadingofotherworks.2.缜密构思：将1、2、3、4分别进行总结概述。3.遣词造句：Readinglitera

ryclassicsbenefitsusalot.Firstly,Itoffersusindividualizedwaysofexperiencinghistory.secondly,itimprovesourwritingabilitybyenc

ouragingustothinkovertheirexpressionsandlearntoexpressourideasinthatway.Besides,we’lllovetoreadnon-classicsbecausereadingclassicsenableustothi

nkandreasondeeplyfromdiverseperspective.【点睛】【高分句型1】secondly,itimprovesourwritingabilitybyencouragingustothinkovertheirexpressionsan

dlearntoexpressourideasinthatway.（运用了动名词作宾语。）【高分句型2】Besides,we’lllovetoreadnon-classicsbecausereadingclassicsen

ableustothinkandreasondeeplyfromdiverseperspective.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句。）V.TranslationDirections:Trans

latethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.72.室友们商定好每两天打扫一次宿舍。(agree)(汉译英)【答案】Theroommatesa

greedtocleanthedormitoryeverytwodays.【解析】【详解】考查名词和时态。结合句意可知事情发生在过去，故句子用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。句子主语是“室友们”，即“roommates”，是roommate的复数形式，放在句首首字母大写；“agr

eetodosth.”意为“同意做某事”，“agree”的过去式为“agreed”，是句子谓语；“打扫宿舍”用“cleanthedormitory”，“clean”这一动词用在“agreeto”后，应用原形；“

每两天”用“everytwodays”，放在句末作时间状语。故答案为Theroommatesagreedtocleanthedormitoryeverytwodays.73.“乏味”这个词和他最新的漫画沾不上边。(ap

ply)(汉译英)【答案】Theword“boring”doesnotapplytohislatestcomics.【解析】【详解】考查时态、固定短语。表示“‘乏味’这个词”用Theword“boring”，作主语。“沾不上边”可以理解为“不适用”用

applyto的否定形式，其中to为介词。结合句意可知，本句陈述事实用一般现在时，且主语Theword“boring”为第三人称单数，可知本题助动词用doesnot。表示“他最新的漫画”用hislatestcomics，作to的宾语

。故翻译为Theword“boring”doesnotapplytohislatestcomics.74.说实话，尽管城市漫步广受年轻人欢迎，我还是偏爱海钓。(despite)(汉译英)【答案】Totellthetruth,despitethepopularityofcitywand

eringamongyoungpeople,Istillpreferseafishing.【解析】【详解】考查介词和时态。表示“说实话”短语为totellthetruth；表示“尽管”应用介词despite，表示“城

市漫步广受年轻人欢迎”翻译为thepopularityofcitywanderingamongyoungpeople，作介词的宾语；主语为I；表示“偏爱”应用动词prefer，副词still修饰，表示“海钓

”短语为seafishing。为一般现在时。故翻译为Totellthetruth,despitethepopularityofcitywanderingamongyoungpeople,Istillpreferseafishing。75.球员个人是否拥有出色的得分能力固然重要，但场上取胜的关键在于

团队合作。(matter)(汉译英)【答案】Whetheraplayerhasexcellentscoringabilitymatters,butthekeytowinningonthefieldliesint

eamwork.【解析】【详解】考查句子结构。本句描述一般规律，用一般现在时。表示“球员个人是否拥有出色的得分能力”用whether引导主语从句，为whetheraplayerhasexcellentscoringability，表示谓语“

固然重要”用动词matter的第三人称单数形式matters；表示“场上取胜的关键在于团队合作”为thekeytowinningonthefieldliesinteamwork，主语the可以后的to是介词，介词短语towinn

ingonthefield作后置定语，动名词winning作介词宾语，动词短语liein“在于”是固定搭配。句首字母大写，故翻译为Whetheraplayerhasexcellentscoringabilitymatters,butthe

keytowinningonthefieldliesinteamwork。VI.GuidedWriting76.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120—150wordsaccord

ingtotheinstructionsgivenbelowinChinese.假设你是明启中学的高三学生吴磊。为了提高你校英文阅览室的使用率，该阅览室负责人Mr.James正向全校学生征求意见。请你给Mr.James写一封

电子邮件，你需要在邮件中：(1)分析英文阅览室使用率不高的原因；(2)提出相应的改进建议。____________________________________________________________________________________

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_______________【答案】DearMr.James,IamwritingthislettertoexpressmyideasabouthowtoimprovetheutilizationrateofEnglis

hreadingroominourschool.IthinkthereasonsforthelowusagerateofEnglishreadingroomsareasfollows.Firstofall,thestud

ents’Englishlevelisnothigh,whichmakesthemuninterestedinEnglishreadingmaterials.Secondly,thebooksintheEnglishreadingroomcannotkeepupwiththetre

nd.Finally,studentsaresooccupiedwithdoinghomeworkthattheycan’tsparetimetoreadEnglishbooks.Tosolvetheaboveproblems,mysuggestionsareasfollows.F

irstofall,schoolsshouldmakeamorereasonablescheduletosetasideenoughtimeforstudentstoread.Second,Englishteac

hersstresstheimportanceofreadingtostimulatestudents’interestinreading.Third,schoolsshouldbuythereadingmaterials

thatcanattractstudents.Ihopemyadvicecanbeofsomehelptoyou.YoursWuLei【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生阅览室负责人Mr.James写一封电子邮件，分析英文阅览室使用率不高的原因并提出相应的改

进建议。【详解】1.词汇积累表达：express→convey最后：finally→atlast解决：solve→address强调：stress→emphasize2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Firstofall,scho

olsshouldmakeamorereasonablescheduletosetasideenoughtimeforstudentstoread.拓展句：Firstofall,schoolsshouldmakeamorereasonablesche

dulethatcansetasideenoughtimeforstudentstoread.【点睛】[高分句型1]Firstofall,thestudents’Englishlevelisnothigh,whichmakesthemuninterestedinEnglishread

ingmaterials.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)[高分句型2]Finally,studentsaresooccupiedwithdoinghomeworkthattheycan’tsparetimetoreadEnglishbooks.(运用了so...that...

引导的结果状语从句)