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2025届高三10月质量检测练习英语2024年10月8日说明：本试卷共8页，共100分；考试时间90分钟；请在答题卡上填写个人信息，并将条形码贴在答题卡的相应位置上。第一部分：知识运用（共三节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题

；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Iwasupbeforetheothers,beforethebirds,beforethesun.Id

rankacupofcoffee,wolfeddownapieceoftoast,putonmyshortsandsweatshirt,and___1___mygreenrunningshoes.Thenslip

pedquietlyoutthebackdoor.Imovedquickerdowntheroad.Mybreathformedrounded,frostypuffs,swirlingintothefog.Ienjoyedthatfirstphy

sicalawakening,thatbrilliantmomentbeforethemindisfullyclear,whenthelimbsandjointsfirstbeginto___2___andthematerialbodystartstomelt

away.Solidtoliquid.Faster,Itoldmyself.Faster.Therewerenocars,nopeople,nosignsoflife.Iwasall___3___,theworldtomyselfandmythought

s.Onpaper,Ithought,I’ma(n)___4___,graduatingfromUniversityofOregon,earningamaster’sfromStanfordandsurvivingayearlonghitchintheU.S.Army.Myré

sumésaidIwasalearned,accomplishedsoldier,atwenty-four-year-oldmaninfull...Butwhy,Iwondered,doIstillfeellikeakid?Worse,likethesa

meshy,pale,rail-thinkidI’dalwaysbeen.LikeallmyfriendsIwantedtobesuccessful.UnlikemyfriendsIdidn’tknowwhatthatmeant.Money?Wife?Kids?H

ouse?Sure,ifIwas___5___.ThesewerethegoalsIwastaughttoaspireto,andpartofmedidaspiretotheminstinctively.ButdeepdownIw

assearchingforsomethingelse,somethingmore.Ihada(n)___6___sensethatourtimeisshort,shorterthanweeverknow,shortasamorningrun,and

Iwantedminetobemeaningful.Andpurposeful.Andcreative.Andimportant.Aboveall...different.Iwantedtoleavea___7___ontheworld.Iwantedtowin.No,that

’snotright.Isimplydidn’twantto___8___.Andthenithappened.Asmyyoungheartbegantopoundfaster,asmypinklungs___9___likethewings

ofabird,asthetreesturnedtogreenishblurs,Isawitallbeforeme,exactlywhatIwantedmylifetobe.Play.Yes,Ithought,that’

sit.That’stheword.Thesecretofhappiness,I’dalwayssuspected,theessenceofbeautyortruth,laysomewhereinthatmomentwhentheballisinmidair,whenbothboxerssens

ethe____10____ofthebell,whentherunnersnearthefinishlineandthecrowdrisesasone.There’sakindofexuberant(兴高采烈的)clarityinthatpulsinghalfsecondwinninga

ndlosingaredecided.Iwantedthat,whateverthatwas,tobemylife,mydailylife.1.A.tookupB.pickedupC.putupD.lacedup2.A.lo

osenB.straightenC.tightenD.strengthen3.A.emptyB.aloneC.slowD.early4.A.studentB.adolescentC.adultD.minor5.A.smartB.ableC.richD.lucky6.A.sharpB.emotion

alC.achingD.impulsive7.A.pathB.markC.fortuneD.print8.A.loseB.abandonC.sinkD.die9.A.grewB.expandedC.wel

ledD.breathed10.A.approachB.soundC.ringingD.beginning【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C5.D6.C7.B8.A9.B10.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在清晨跑步时对自己人生的一些思考和感悟，以及对成功和幸

福的独特理解。【1题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我喝了一杯咖啡，狼吞虎咽地吃了一片吐司，穿上短裤和运动衫，系上我的绿色跑鞋。A.tookup开始从事；B.pickedup捡起；C.putup提出；D.lacedup系上(鞋带)。根据前文“put

onmyshortsandsweatshirt”和后文“mygreenrunningshoes”可知，作者系上跑鞋鞋带准备跑步。故选D项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢那种第一次身体觉醒的感觉，那种在头脑完全清醒之前的辉煌时刻，

当四肢和关节开始放松，物质身体开始消失。A.loosen放松；B.straighten变直；C.tighten变紧；D.strengthen加强。根据后文“thematerialbodystartstomeltaway”和“Solidtoliquid”可知，作者在跑步时身

体开始放松，僵硬的身驱开始松驰和舒展。故选A项。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全是独自一人，世界只属于我和我的思想。A.empty空的；B.alone单独的；C.slow慢的；D.early早的。根据前文“Therewerenocars,nopeople,nosignsofl

ife.”和后文“theworldtomyselfandmythoughts”可知，作者感觉自己完全是独自一人。故选B项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想，在书面上，我是一个成年人，毕业于俄勒冈大学，获得斯坦福大学硕士学位，并

在美国陆军服役了一年。A.student学生；B.adolescent青少年；C.adult成年人；D.minor未成年人。根据后文“graduatingfromUniversityofOregon,earningamaster’sfromStanfordandsurviving

ayearlonghitchintheU.S.Army”可知，作者已经大学毕业并获得硕士学位，还在军队服役过，说明作者是一个成年人。故选C项。【5题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当然，如果我足够幸运的话。A.smart聪明的；B.able有能力的；C.rich富有的；D.lucky幸运

的。根据后文“Money?Wife?Kids?House?”可知，要实现这些富有人士的生活目标需要运气。故选D项。【6题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有一种心痛的感觉，我们的时间是短暂的，比我们知道的还要短暂，就像早晨的跑步一样短暂。A.shar

p强烈的；B.emotional情感的；C.aching心痛的；D.impulsive冲动的。根据后文“ourtimeisshort,shorterthanweeverknow”可知，发现生命的短暂，这是一种心痛的感觉。故选C项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨

析。句意：我想在这个世界上留下印记。A.path道路；B.mark印记；C.fortune财富；D.print印刷品。根据前文“Iwantedminetobemeaningful.Andpurposeful.Andcreative.Andimportant.Above

all...different.”可知，作者想要人生有意义，有目的，有创造性，最重要的是要不同，由此推知，他想在世界上留下自己的印记。故选B项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：不，那不对。我只是不

想输。A.lose输掉；B.abandon放弃；C.sink下沉；D.die死亡。根据前文“Iwantedtowin”可知，作者想要赢得成功，不想输。故选A项。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我年轻的心脏跳

得更快时，当我粉红色的肺像鸟的翅膀一样展开时，当树木变成模糊的绿色时，我看到了眼前的一切，这正是我想要的生活。A.grew成长；B.expanded展开；C.welled涌出；D.breathed呼吸。根据后文“liket

hewingsofabird”可知，作者想象自己的肺像鸟的翅膀一样展开。故选B项。【10题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直怀疑，幸福的秘密，美或真理的本质，就在球悬在半空中的那一刻，就在两个拳击手都感觉到铃声临近的那一刻，就在赛跑

者接近终点线和人群齐声站起来的那一刻。A.approach接近；B.sound声音；C.ringing铃声；D.beginning开始。根据前文“whenbothboxerssense”和后文“ofthebell”可知，此处是指拳击手感觉到铃声的临近。故选A项。第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1

.5分，共15分）A阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Papermakingtechnology___11___(intro

duce)toCentralAsiainthe8thcenturyandarrivedinEuropearoundthe12thcentury.“ItchangedthehistoricalprocessofEuropebecausepape

rmakingtechnologymadeknowledgespreadingpossibleat___12___(reduce)costsandbrokethemonopolyofknowledgebynoble

sandclerks.”saysprofessorXiHuidong.Hepointsoutthatmovabletypeprintingwasalsoarevolutionaryinvention,“Thecombinationofthosetwothingswas___13_

__reallymovedusintotheearlymodernworld.”【答案】11.wasintroduced12.reduced13.what【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了造纸术和活字印刷术对历史的深远影响。【11题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致

。句意：造纸技术在8世纪传入中亚，大约在12世纪传入欧洲。introduce(介绍)是谓语动词，与主语Papermakingtechnology之间是被动关系，结合时间状语inthe8thcentury可知，句

子讲述过去的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为单数名词，谓语动词也应用单数形式。故填wasintroduced。【12题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它改变了欧洲的历史进程，因为造纸技术使得知识能够以更低的成本传播，打破了贵族和官员对知识的垄断。reduce(减少

)作定语，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语costs之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式reduced。故填reduced。【13题详解】考查表语从句。句意：这两件事的结合才是真正把我们带入早期现代世界的原因。“_____reallymovedusintothe

earlymodernworld”是表语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“(把我们带入早期现代世界的)事情”，用连接代词what引导该表语从句。故填what。B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AsChin

a’sopening-uphaswidened,manycitieslikeShenzhen___14___(attract)internationaltalentstolive,workandinvest.asw

ellastoestablishbusinesses.Someofthemhavelivedthereforover10years,___15___(witness)andbeingpartofthecity’seconomicprogress.F

oreignentrepreneurs(企业家)___16___meetspecificrequirements,suchasclearingtheChinese-languageproficiencytest’shighestlevel,andpossessingamast

er’sdegree,amongotherqualifications,canaccumulateahighscore,which___17___(make)iteasierforthemtoobtainalong-termworkvisa.Chine

secitiesarestrivingtobemoreopentotheworld,andIbelieveShenzhenisanexemplarycase.【答案】14.haveattracted15.witnessing16.who##that17

.makes【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出，随着中国的对外开放日益深化，以深圳为代表的许多城市开始吸引越来越多的国际人才前来工作生活。【14题详解】考查时态。句意：随着中国对外开放的扩大，深圳等许多

城市吸引了许多国际人才来生活、工作、投资以及建立企业。分析句子可知，空处需要谓语动词，由前面As引导的时间状语从句推知，这里表示动作从过去开始并延续到现在，符合现在完成时，且主语cities为复数，应用have+过去分词。故填haveattracted。【15题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：

他们中有些人已经在那里生活了10多年，见证并且成为了城市经济进程中的一部分。分析句子可知，空处是非谓语动词作状语，witness与主句主语some之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填witnessing。【16题详解】考查定语从句。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的

最高水平，拥有硕士学位等资格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，Foreignentrepreneurs是主语，谓语动词是canaccumulate，空处与其后句子组成定语从句

并在其中作主语，以主句主语Foreignentrepreneurs为先行词，表示人，应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。【17题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：符合特定要求的外国企业家，如通过汉语水平测试的最高水平，拥有

硕士学位等资格者，可以获得较高评分，这能使他们更容易获得长期工作签证。分析句子可知，空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，先行词为整个主句，视为第三人称单数，而该句描述一般现状，应用一般现在时。故填makes。C阅读下面短文，根据短

文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Beijing’sCentralAxis(中轴线),whichlinesthehistoricstretch,recentlyachieved

UNESCO___18___(recognize),drawingwidespreadpraiseandfuelingaflourishingfoodscenewithnearly10,000diningestablishments.Accordingt

otheonlineserviceplatformMeituan,datarevealsthat___19___(search)for“BeijingCentralAxis”increasedby58percentfro

mJanuarytoJuly.Inthefirsthalfofthisyear,consumptionfromvisitorstoBeijingcontributed10.5percent___20___thecapital’sre

staurantsector.【答案】18.recognition19.searches20.to【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章指出，联合国教科文组织近日将北京中轴线列入《世界遗产名录》。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：北京中轴线，也

是历史的延伸线，最近获得了联合国教科文组织的认可，赢得了广泛的赞誉，并推动了近10000家餐饮场所的蓬勃发展。分析句子可知，空处作谓语动词achieved的宾语，结合句意和所给提示词推知，应用名词recognition表示“（联合国教科文组织的）认证”。故填recog

nition。【19题详解】考查名词复数。句意：线上服务平台美团的数据显示，一月份到七月份“北京中轴线”的搜索量增加了58%。空处在that引导的宾语从句中作主语，应用名词search“搜索”，可数名词，由inc

reasedby58percent可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填searches。【20题详解】考查介词。句意：今年上半年，来北京的游客的消费对首都餐饮业的贡献率达到了10.5%。此处符合短语contribute…to，意为“对……贡献了…

…”。故填to。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforesti

sakingdomofcoastredwoods,manyover600yearsold.Howtogethere?Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbeforearrivingatthepark.(Details

atwww.gomuirwoods.com.)MuirWoodsNationalMonumentisopendaily,8a.m.tosunset.StopbyVisitorCentertogettrailsandprograminformation,andtotake

inexhibits.What’syourpath?EnjoyawalkonthepavedRedwoodCreekTrail(alsocalledMainTrail).Chooseshort,medium,orlongloop

s(环线).OthertrailsgodeepintoMuirWoodsandMountTamalpaisStatePark.(RefertothemapofMuirWoodsontherightfo

rdetails.)Readytoexploremore?MuirWoodsispartofGoldenGateNationalRecreationArea,whichincludesMarinHeadlands,Alcatraz,thePresidio,andOceanBea

ch.Downloadtheappatwww.nps.gov/goga.Staysafeandprotectyourpark.·Wi-Fiandcellservicearenotavailable.·Watchforpoison

ousplantsandfallingbranches.·Donotfeedordisturbanimals.Fishingisprohibitedinthepark.·Donotmarkorremo

vetrees,flowers,orothernaturalfeatures.·Gototheparkwebsiteformoresafetytipsandregulations.AccessibilityWemakeagreatefforttomakefaci

lities,services,andprogramsaccessibletoall.Forinformation,gotoVisitorCenter,askaranger,call,orcheckourwebsite

.MoreInformationMuirWoodsNationalMonumentwww.nps.gov/muwoMillValley,CA94941-269621.MuirWoodswillprobablyattract______.①redw

oodlovers②huntinglovers③fishinglovers④hikingloversA.①②B.③④C.①④D.②③22.Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A.Reservationssho

uldbemadeifvisitorsdriveprivatecarstoMuirWoods.B.VisitorsareadvisedtocallVisitorCenterforsafetytipsandregulations.C.Visitorscanreadelectronic

mapsusingWi-FiinMuirWoods.D.Muirwoodsissurroundedbyhighlandandoceanbeaches.23.AccordingtothemapofMuirWoods,______.A.fo

odandgiftscanbeboughtonvarioussitesinMuirWoodsB.BootjackTrailcanleadonetoVisitorCenterfromBridge3C.MillValleyislocatedontheso

uthwestsideofMuirBeachD.Bridge4isthefarthestfromtheparkinglotsofallbridges【答案】21.C22.A23.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了MuirWoods公园的相关信息，包括到达方式、游览路径

、公园探索和注意事项等。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WelcometoMuirWoods!Thisrareancientforestisakingdomofcoastredwoods,manyover600yearsol

d.(欢迎来到MuirWoods！这片罕见的古老森林是海岸红杉的王国，许多红杉树已有600多年的历史)”可知，MuirWoods会吸引红杉爱好者；再根据What’syourpath?部分中“Enjoyawalkonthe

pavedRedwoodCreekTrail(alsocalledMainTrail).Chooseshort,medium,orlongloops.(在铺设好的红杉溪小径(也称为主径)上散步。选择短、中或长的环线)”可知，MuirWoods也

会吸引喜欢徒步的人。所以MuirWoods可能会吸引“红杉爱好者和徒步爱好者”。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Howtogethere?部分中的“Peopleusingpersonalvehiclesmusthavereservationsbeforearr

ivingatthepark.(使用私人车辆的人必须在到达公园之前进行预订)”可知，如果游客开车去MuirWoods，需要预订。故选A项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据MuirWoods地图可知，停车场(Parking)在较南端，而桥梁的排列从南往北分别是Bridge1，Bridge2

，Bridge3，Bridge4，结合地图中的描述“Bridge4:Long1½hour2.milelooptrail(桥4：长1个半小时2英里的环形步道)”可知，在所有桥梁中，4号桥距离停车场最远。故选D项。BKarenStu

rgeswasknittingasweaterforherdaughter’sfuturebaby.Badnewscame—shewasdiagnosedwithcancer.“Whatshewasmostconcernedaboutwasfinishingthesweater,”said

herdaughterAnnieGatewood.“Shewasjustdistraughtwhenthinkingshewasn’tgoingtobeabletofinishit.”Sturgesworkedonthesweaterun

tilfourdaysbeforeshediedin2021,withitunfinished.Nomemberofthefamily.knewhowtoknit.Thenin2022,Gatewoodwasmatchedwitha“fini

sher”SarahinPortland,—oneoftheover1,000volunteerswhocompleteunfinishedartsprojectsforgrievinglovedonesthrou

ghagroupcalledLooseEnds.Finishingknittingthesweater,SarahhandeditofftoGatewood.“Isawherandburstintotears,becauseshelookslikemymom,”saidGatewoo

d.“Weknowforsuremymomwouldhavebeenjustdelighted.”KaplanandSimonicstartedLooseEnds.Bothareexpertknittersknowingwhatitisliketohavealoved

oneleavebehindanunfinishedproject.Thefinisherdoesn’tchargeanymoney.Theonlycostisformailing.Opudasignedupasafinisher.Sheiscrocheting(

用钩针编织)ablueblanketforsomeonewhosemotherpassedaway.Theblanketwasoneofthreethemotherwasworkingonforherkidsthrough

outhercancertreatments,andalthoughtheyarenotperfect,themotherkeptworkingonittilltheend.“Peoplejustdon’treallyknowhowmuchtimesometh

ingtakes,especiallyablanket.Yeteventhroughherillnessandallherpainandchallenges,shestillmanagedtomakesomuchprogress.Ididn’t

wantherkidstolosethat,”saidOpuda.“Weallexperiencepain,”saidSimonic.“Youdon’tknowwhatsomeone’sgoingthroughonaday-

to-daybasisthat’sgoingtomakethemgiveup,butIdoknowtheselittleactsofkindnessmakepeoplerealizetherearepeopleouttherewillin

gtohelp.”24WhatcanbelearnedaboutLooseEnds?A.Itchargesreceiversalot.B.Itconsistsofgeneroushelpers.C.Itmeetspatients’unrealwishes.D.

Itrecyclesvaluableunfinishedpieces.25.WhatdidOpudawanttheblanketreceiverstoknowabouttheirmother?A.Shehadagreataffectionforthem.B.Shesufferedalotfrom

cancer.C.Shehopedtokeepthefamilytradition.D.Shewasawell-trainedcrafter.26.WhatdoesSimonicintendtotellus?A.Apatient’sworkshouldberespected.B.

Lovebeginswithalittlesmile.C.Asmallactofkindnesscanmeanalot.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.【答案】24.B25.A26.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲

述了KarenSturges去世后，志愿者组织LooseEnds帮助完成她未织完的毛衣，并介绍了该组织的成立初衷和意义。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thenin2022,Gatewoodwasmatched

witha“finisher”SarahinPortland,—oneoftheover1,000volunteerswhocompleteunfinishedartsprojectsforgrievinglovedonesthroughagroupcalledLoo

seEnds.(2022年，Gatewood在波特兰与一位“完成者”Sarah匹配上——Sarah是通过一个名为LooseEnds的组织为悲痛的亲人完成未完成艺术项目的1000多名志愿者之一)”和第四段“KaplanandSimonicstartedLooseEnds

.Bothareexpertknittersknowingwhatitisliketohavealovedoneleavebehindanunfinishedproject.Thefinisherdoesn’t

chargeanymoney.Theonlycostisformailing.(Kaplan和Simonic创办了LooseEnds。他们都是编织专家，知道亲人留下未完成的项目是什么感觉。完成者不收任何费用。唯一的费用是邮寄)”

可知，LooseEnds由超过1000名志愿者组成，他们为悲伤的亲人完成未完成的艺术项目，而且完成者不收任何费用。由此推知，LooseEnds是由慷慨的助人者组成的。故选B项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Theblanketwasoneofthreet

hemotherwasworkingonforherkidsthroughouthercancertreatments,andalthoughtheyarenotperfect,themotherkept

workingonittilltheend.“Peoplejustdon’treallyknowhowmuchtimesomethingtakes,especiallyablanket.Yeteventhroughherillness

andallherpainandchallenges,shestillmanagedtomakesomuchprogress.Ididn’twantherkidstolosethat,”saidOpuda.(

这条毯子是母亲在癌症治疗期间为她的孩子们编织的三条毯子之一，虽然它们并不完美，但母亲一直坚持到最后。.“人们真的不知道某件事需要花费多少时间，尤其是毯子。然而，即使在她生病、遭受所有痛苦和挑战的情况下，她仍然取得了如此大的进步。

我不想让她的孩子们失去它，”Opuda说)”可知，Opuda强调了这条毯子是接收者的母亲在癌症治疗期间为她的孩子们编织的，虽然它们并不完美，但母亲一直坚持到最后，Opuda不想让接收者的孩子们失去母亲为他们所做的事情。由此可推知，Opuda想让收到毯子的人知道他们的母亲非常爱他们。故选A

项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段““Weallexperiencepain,”saidSimonic.“Youdon’tknowwhatsomeone’sgoingthroughonaday-to-dayba

sisthat’sgoingtomakethemgiveup,butIdoknowtheselittleactsofkindnessmakepeoplerealizetherearepeopleouttherewillingtohelp.”

(“我们都会经历痛苦，”Simonic说。“你不知道某人每天经历什么会让他们放弃，但我知道这些小小的善举让人们意识到外面有人愿意帮助他们”)”可知，Simonic认为虽然我们都会经历痛苦，但是这些小小的善举能让人们意识到外面有人愿意帮助他们。由此可知，Simonic想要告诉我们的是

一个小小的善举可能意义重大。故选C项。CAfewyearsago,theCityCouncilofMonza,Italy,barredpetownersfromkeepinggoldfishincurvedfishbowls.Thesponsorso

fthemeasureexplainedthatitiscrueltokeepafishinsuchabowlbecausethecurvedsidesgivethefishadistortedviewofreality.Asidefromthemeasure’ss

ignificancetothepoorgoldfish,thestoryraisesaninterestingphilosophicalquestion:Howdoweknowthattherealityweperceiveist

rue?Physicistsarefindingthemselvesinasimilartroubletothegoldfish’s.Fordecadestheyhavebeenpursuinganultimatetheor

yofeverything—onecompleteandconsistentsetoffundamentallawsofnaturethatexplaineveryaspectofreality.Itnowappearsthat

thispursuitmaygeneratenotasingletheorybutafamilyofinterconnectedtheories,eachdescribingitsownversionofreality,asifitvie

wedtheuniversethroughitsownfishbowl.Thisconceptmaybedifficultformanypeopletoaccept.Mostpeoplebelievethatthereisanobjectiverealityoutthereandthatours

ensesandoursciencedirectlyconveyinformationaboutthematerialworld.Inphilosophy,thatbeliefiscalledrealism.Inphysics,reali

smisbecomingdifficulttodefend.Instead,theideaofalternativerealitiesisamainstayoftoday’spopularculture.Forexample,i

nthescience-fictionfilmTheMatrixthehumanraceisunknowinglylivinginasimulatedvirtualrealitycreatedbyintelligentcomputers.Howdoweknowwe

arenotjustcomputer-generatedcharacterslivinginaMatrix-likeworld?If—likeus—thebeingsinthesimulatedworldcouldnotobserv

etheiruniversefromtheoutside,theywouldhavenoreasontodoubttheirownpicturesofreality.Similarly,thegoldfish’s

viewisnotthesameasoursfromoutsidetheircurvedbowl.Forinstance,becauselightbendsasittravelsfromairtowater,afreelymovingo

bjectthatwewouldobservetomoveinastraightlinewouldbeobservedbythegoldfishtomovealongacurvedpath.Thegoldfishcouldformscientificlawsfromthe

irframeofreferencethatwouldalwaysholdtrueandthatwouldenablethemtomakepredictionsaboutthefuturemotionofobjectsoutside

thebowl.Ifthegoldfishformedsuchatheory,wewouldhavetoadmitthegoldfish’sviewasareasonablepictureofreality.Thegoldfishexampleshowsthatthesameph

ysicalsituationcanbemodeledindifferentways,eachemployingdifferentfundamentalelementsandconcepts.Itmightbethattodescrib

etheuniversewehavetoemploydifferenttheoriesindifferentsituations.Itisnotthephysicist’straditionalexpectationforatheo

ryofnature,nordoesitcorrespondtooureverydayideaofreality.Butitmightbethewayoftheuniverse.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedw

ord“distorted”inParagraph1mostprobablymean?A.False.B.Accurate.C.Distant.D.Original.28.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytel

lus?A.Theconventionalinsightofreality.B.Thelastingconflictinphysics.C.Theexistenceofthematerialworld.D.Theneedforacompletetheory.29.Whatcanwel

earnfromthepassage?A.Itisessentialtofigureoutwhichpictureofrealityisbetter.B.People’stheoriesareinfluencedbyt

heirviewpoints.C.Anexternalworldisindependentoftheobservers.D.Nature’smysteriesarebestleftundiscovered.30.Accordingtothepassage,theau

thormayagreethat______.A.thereisstillpossibilitytounifydifferenttheoriesintoasingleoneB.multiplerealities

canbepiecedtogethertoshowtherealworldC.physicistshaveafavoritecandidateforthefinaltheoryD.variousinterpretationsoftheuniversearewelcomed【答案】27.A28.

A29.B30.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过金鱼在弯曲鱼缸中看到扭曲现实的例子，引出了物理学中对于现实认知的哲学讨论，探讨了物理学家追求终极理论所面临的困境以及现实可能存在的多种解释。【27题详解】词句猜测题

。根据第一段中“Afewyearsago,theCityCouncilofMonza,Italy,barredpetownersfromkeepinggoldfishincurvedfishbowls.Thesponsors

ofthemeasureexplainedthatitiscrueltokeepafishinsuchabowlbecausethecurvedsidesgivethefishadistortedviewofrealit

y.(几年前，意大利蒙扎市议会禁止宠物主人在弯曲的鱼缸里养金鱼。该措施的发起人解释说，把鱼放在这样的缸里是残忍的，因为弯曲的侧面会让鱼对现实产生distorted看法)”和第四段中“Similarly,thegoldfish’sviewisn

otthesameasoursfromoutsidetheircurvedbowl.(同样地，金鱼从它们弯曲的鱼缸外面看到的景象也和我们不一样)”可知，弯曲的鱼缸侧面使得金鱼看到的景象与我们从外面看到景象不同，所以它们对现实的看法是不真实的，划线词distorted与false意思相近，意为“

不真实的”。故选A项。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中“Fordecadestheyhavebeenpursuinganultimatetheoryofeverything—onecompleteandconsistentsetoffundamentallawso

fnaturethatexplaineveryaspectofreality.Itnowappearsthatthispursuitmaygeneratenotasingletheorybutafamilyofinterconnectedtheo

ries,eachdescribingitsownversionofreality,asifitviewedtheuniversethroughitsownfishbowl.Thisconceptmaybedifficultformanypeopletoaccep

t.Mostpeoplebelievethatthereisanobjectiverealityoutthereandthatoursensesandoursciencedirectlyconveyinformationaboutthematerialworld.Inphilosophy

,thatbeliefiscalledrealism.(几十年来，他们一直在追寻一种万物的终极理论——一套完整且一致的自然基本法则，能够解释现实的各个方面。现在看来，这种追寻可能不会产生单一的理论，而是一系列相互关联的理论，每个理论都描述了自己版本的现

实，就好像它透过自己的鱼缸在观察宇宙。这个概念可能对很多人来说难以接受。因为大多数人相信存在一个客观的现实，并且我们的感官和科学直接传递了关于物质世界的信息。在哲学中，这种信念被称为唯实论)”可知，本段主要介绍了几十年来，人们认为

存在一套完整且一致的自然基本法则，能够解释现实的各个方面，它被称为唯实论，是人们对现实的传统理解。故选A项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thegoldfishcouldformscientificlawsfromtheirframeofreferencethatwouldalwaysh

oldtrueandthatwouldenablethemtomakepredictionsaboutthefuturemotionofobjectsoutsidethebowl.Ifthegoldfishfor

medsuchatheory,wewouldhavetoadmitthegoldfish’sviewasareasonablepictureofreality.(金鱼可以从它们的参考系中形成科学定律，这些定律将始终成立，并使它们能够预测鱼缸外物体的未来运动。如果金鱼形

成了这样一种理论，我们将不得不承认金鱼的观点是对现实的合理描述)”和第五段中“Thegoldfishexampleshowsthatthesamephysicalsituationcanbemodeledindifferentways,eachemployingdiffe

rentfundamentalelementsandconcepts.(金鱼的例子表明，同样的物理情况可以用不同的方式建模，每种方式都使用不同的基本元素和概念)”可推知，如鱼缸里的金鱼一样，人们视角和观点不同，会有着不同的理论。故选B项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后

一段中“Thegoldfishexampleshowsthatthesamephysicalsituationcanbemodeledindifferentways,eachemployingdifferentfundamentalelem

entsandconcepts.Itmightbethattodescribetheuniversewehavetoemploydifferenttheoriesindifferentsituations.(金鱼的例子表明，同样的物理情况可以用不同的

方式建模，每种方式都采用不同的基本元素和概念。也许为了描述宇宙，我们必须在不同的情况下运用不同的理论)”和“Butitmightbethewayoftheuniverse.(但这可能就是宇宙的规律)”可知，作者认为人们可以用多种理论描述宇宙并认

为这可能是宇宙的规律。由此推知，作者可能会赞同“对宇宙的各种解释都是受欢迎的”这个观点。故选D项。DThoughthespreadofgoodreproductionofworksofartcanbecult

urallyvaluable,museumscontinuetopromotethespecialstatusoforiginalworkandhighlighttheauthenticityofitsexhibits.Unfortunately,thisseemst

oplaceseverelimitationsonthekindofexperienceofferedtovisitors.Onelimitationisrelatedtothewaythemuseumpresentsitsexhibits.Artmuseumsareoftencalled“

treasurehouses”.Weareremindedofthisevenbeforeweviewacollectionbythepresenceofsecurityguardswhokeepusawayfromtheexhibits.Inaddit

ion,amajorcollectionlikethatofLondon’sNationalGalleryishousedinnumerousrooms,whereasinglepieceofworkislikelytobewort

hmorethanalltheaveragevisitorpossesses.Inasocietythatjudgesthepersonalstatusoftheindividualsomuchbytheirmaterialworth,iti

sthereforedifficultnottobeimpressedbyone’sownrelative“worthlessness”insuchanenvironment.Furthermore,considerationofthe“v

alue”oftheoriginalworkinitstreasurehousesettingimpressesupontheviewerthatsincetheseworkswereoriginallyproduced,theyhavebeenassignedahugev

alueintermsofmoneybysomepersonorinstitutionmorepowerfulthanthemselves.Evidently,nothingtheviewerthinksabouttheworkisgoingtoalterthatvalue,and

sotoday’sviewerisdiscouragedfromtryingtoextendthatspontaneous,immediate,self-reliantkindofinterpretationwhichwouldori

ginallyhavemetthework.Thevisitormaythenbestruckbythestrangenessofseeingsuchavarietyofpaintings,drawingsandsculpturesbroughttogetherinanenvironment

forwhichtheywerenotoriginallycreated.This“displacementeffect”isfurtherheightenedbythehugevolumeofexhibits.Inthecaseofamajorcollection,thereareprobab

lymoreworksondisplaythanwecouldrealisticallyviewinweeksorevenmonths.Thisisparticularlydistressingbecausetimeseemstobeavitalfactorintheapprecia

tionofallartforms.Afundamentaldifferencebetweenpaintingsandotherartformsisthatthereisnoprescribedtimeoverwhichapaintingisviewed.Operas,novelsand

poemsarereadinaprescribedtimesequence,whereasapicturehasnoclearplaceatwhichtostartviewing,oratwhichtofinish.Thusartworksthemselvesencourageustov

iewthemsuperficiallywithoutappreciatingtherichnessofdetailandlaborthatisinvolved.Consequently,thedomi

nantcriticalapproachbecomesthatofthearthistorian,aspecializedacademicapproachdevotedto“discoveringthemeaning

”ofartwithintheculturalcontextofitstime.Thisisinharmony,withthemuseum’sfunction,sincetheapproachisdedicatedtoseekingoutandconse

rving“authentic”,“original”readingsoftheexhibits.31.ThewritermentionsLondon’sNationalGallerytoillustrate______.A.theundesir

ablecosttoanationofmaintainingahugecollectionofartB.theneedtoputindividualwell-beingabovelarge-scaleartisticschemesC.theco

nflictthatmayariseinsocietybetweenfinancialandartisticvaluesD.thenegativeeffectamuseumcanhaveonvisitors’opinion

ofthemselves32.Thewritersaysthattodayviewersmaybeunwillingtocriticizeaworkbecausethey______.A.lacktheknowledgeneededB.fearitmayha

vefinancialimplicationsC.havenorealconceptofthework’svalueD.feeltheirpersonalreactionisofnosignificance33Theappreciation

ofapaintingdoesnot______.A.callforaspecificbeginningorendingB.involvedirectcontactwithanaudienceC.requireaspecificlocationforperformanceD.needtheinvo

lvementofotherprofessionals34.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Originalwork:reductiontovalueofartwor

ksB.Originalwork:arthistorians’breadandbutterC.Originalwork:killerofartisticappreciationD.Originalwork:su

bstituteforreproduction【答案】31.D32.D33.A34.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了尽管优秀的艺术复制品的传播可能具有文化价值，但博物馆仍在继续宣传艺术品原作的特殊地位，而这样严重限制了游客的体验。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In

addition,amajorcollectionlikethatofLondon’sNationalGalleryishousedinnumerousrooms,whereasinglepieceofworki

slikelytobeworthmorethanalltheaveragevisitorpossesses.Inasocietythatjudgesthepersonalstatusoftheindividualsomuchb

ytheirmaterialworth,itisdifficultnottobeimpressedbyone’sownrelative“worthlessness”insuchanenvironment.(此外，像伦敦国家美术馆那

样的大型藏品被安置在许多房间里，在那里，一件作品的价值可能比普通游客拥有的所有物品都要高。在一个以物质价值来判断个人地位的社会中，在这样的环境中，一个人很难不意识到自己相对的“毫无价值”)”可知，伦敦国家美术馆的大型藏品会让游客意识到自己相对来说“毫无价值”。因此，作者提到伦敦国家美术馆

是为了说明博物馆对游客自我评价的负面影响。故选D。【32题详解】.推理判断题。根据第三段中“Evidently,nothingtheviewerthinksabouttheworkisgoingtoalterthatvalue,ands

otoday’sviewerisdiscouragedfromtryingtoextendthatimmediateandself-reliantkindofinterpretationwhichwouldorig

inallyhavemetthework.(显然，观众对作品的任何想法都不会改变它的价值，所以今天的观众不愿意尝试扩展那种直接的、自主的解读，而这种解读本来是可以与作品相称的)”可知，今天的观众可能不愿意批评一件作品的原因是他们觉得自己的个人反应没有意义。故选D项。【33题

详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Operas,novelsandpoemsarereadinaprescribedtimesequence,whereasapicturehasnoclearplaceatwhichtostartviewing

,oratwhichtofinish.(歌剧、小说和诗歌都是按照规定的时间顺序阅读的，而一幅画却没有明确的起点和终点)”可知，不同于其他艺术形式，欣赏一幅画作不需要特定的起点或终点。故选A项。【34题详解】标题判断题。通读全文，并结合第一段中“Unfo

rtunately,thisseemstoplaceseverelimitationsonthekindofexperienceofferedtovisitors.(不幸的是，这似乎严重限制了提供给游

客的体验)”可知，文章介绍了博物馆过分强调艺术品原作的特殊价值，反而严重限制了游客的体验，令游客对自己产生负面的评价，不愿尝试自主的评价，为作品的置换效应所困扰，也就是说艺术品原作对于大众鉴赏是起负面作用的。因此，A项“原作：艺术鉴赏的杀手”符合文章大

意，突出了核心内容，适合作为标题。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Somepeopleprefertohaveabitetoeatbeforehittingthegym,knownasafedw

orkout.Otherswouldliketowaituntilafterexercisingtorefueltheirbodies,calledafastedworkout.Toeatornottoeat,tha

tisthequestiononmanyfitnessenthusiasts’minds.___35___Ifyouwantenergyandstrengthforanidealworkout,youneedfuel.Afedworkoutwillprovideyourbodywithpo

wer.___36___Thesebenefitscanresultinburningmorefatandshapingaslimmerbody.Musclepreservationisalsoanessentialcomponentofstrengtheni

ngyourbody.Nitrogen(氮)iscriticalforprocessingproteinthatbuildshealthymuscles.Peopletendtoloselessnitrogendurin

gafedworkoutthanafastedone.Manyfitnessenthusiastsarenotonboardwiththisidea.Theyreportfeelingsickandinactivewhiletryingtoexerciseaftereating.

Withafastedworkout,youmaynotgettheusualindigestion.Expertsforfastedworkoutsfurtherclaimthateatingafterwards

makesyourbodyuseitsfatreservesforenergy,meaningyouwillburnmorefat.___37___Itcancauseasuddendropinyourbloodg

lucoselevels,andyoumayfeeldizzy.Youmayevenbemorelikelytoovereat.Knowingwhattoeatforanidealworkoutisjustasimportantask

nowingwhentoeat.___38___Forexample,ifyouchooseafedworkout,you’llprobablylosealotofwaterduringanintensetraining,soyoushouldconsiderdrinki

ngsomebeforehand.Withafastedworkout,itwouldhelpifyouhadsomenutritionrightafteryoursessioniscomplete.Drinksomewater.Then,havealightmealornutr

itionalsnack.___39___Bothfastedworkoutsandfedactivitieshavetheirbenefitsandshortcomings.Thinkthoroughlyanddiscusswithyourfitnessinstructorbeforet

akingachoice.A.Apersondoinga30-minutesessionadaymayhaveaproblemwithfastedworkouts.B.Eatingbeforeexercisemayhelpyousustainlongersessi

onsandliftheavierweights.C.Manyexpertssaythere’snoeasyanswerbecauseitdependsontheperson.D.Howyourbodywillrespondisbased

onyourworkoutintensity.E.Decidingwhentoeatforanidealworkoutisapersonalchoice.F.However,afastedworkoutmightnotworkforyou.G.Notallfoodsarecreatede

qual.【答案】35.C36.B37.F38.G39.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了健身前后进食优缺点以及如何选择适合自己的健身饮食方式。【35题详解】上文“Somepeopleprefertohaveab

itetoeatbeforehittingthegym,knownasafedworkout.Otherswouldliketowaituntilafterexercisingtorefueltheirbodies,calledafastedworko

ut.Toeatornottoeat,thatisthequestiononmanyfitnessenthusiasts’minds.(一些人喜欢在去健身房之前吃点东西，这被称为进食后锻炼。另一些人则喜欢等到锻炼后再给身体补充能量，这被称为空腹锻炼。吃还是不吃，这是许多健身爱好者心

中的问题)”提出了健身前后是否应该进食的问题。C选项“Manyexpertssaythere’snoeasyanswerbecauseitdependsontheperson.(许多专家说，这个问题没有简单的答案，因为

它取决于个人)”承接上文，指出对于这个问题没有统一的答案，因为每个人的情况都不同，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。【36题详解】上文“Afedworkoutwillprovideyourbodywithpower.(进食后锻炼会为你

的身体提供能量)”指出进食后锻炼的好处。B选项“Eatingbeforeexercisemayhelpyousustainlongersessionsandliftheavierweights.(运动前吃东西可能帮助你持续更长时间的锻炼，举起更重的重量)”进一步解释了进

食后锻炼的具体好处，即能够持续更长时间的锻炼和举起更重的重量，与上文构成顺承关系。故选B项。【37题详解】的上文“Withafastedworkout,youmaynotgettheusualindigestion.Expertsforfastedworkou

tsfurtherclaimthateatingafterwardsmakesyourbodyuseitsfatreservesforenergy,meaningyouwillburnmorefat.(空腹锻炼，你可能不会像

平常那样消化不良。空腹锻炼的专家进一步声称，运动后进食会使你的身体利用脂肪储备作为能量，这意味着你会燃烧更多的脂肪)”介绍了空腹锻炼的好处。F选项“However,afastedworkoutmightnotworkforyou.(然而，空腹锻炼可能不适合你)”与上文构成转折关系，指出空腹锻炼虽

然有好处，但可能并不适合每个人，下文“Itcancauseasuddendropinyourbloodglucoselevels,andyoumayfeeldizzy.Youmayevenbemorelikelytoovere

at.(它会导致你的血糖水平突然下降，你可能会感到头晕。你甚至更有可能吃得过多)”进一步说明了空腹锻炼为什么不适合每个人，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。【38题详解】上文“Knowingwhattoeatforanidealworkoutisjustasimportantasknowi

ngwhentoeat.(知道为理想的锻炼吃什么和知道什么时候吃一样重要)”强调了知道吃什么和什么时候吃的重要性。G选项“Notallfoodsarecreatedequal.(并非所有食物都是等价的)”

进一步解释了为什么知道吃什么很重要，因为不同的食物对健身的影响是不同的，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。【39题详解】下文“Bothfastedworkoutsandfedactivitieshavetheirbenefitsandshortco

mings.Thinkthoroughlyanddiscusswithyourfitnessinstructorbeforetakingachoice.(空腹锻炼和进食后锻炼都有其优点和缺点。在做出选择之

前，要全面思考并与你的健身教练进行讨论。)”指出空腹锻炼和进食后锻炼都有各自的优缺点，需要作出正确的选择。E选项“Decidingwhentoeatforanidealworkoutisapersonalchoice.(决定什么时候吃以达到理想的锻炼

效果是个人的选择)”引出下文，指出选择何时进食是个人的选择，因为每种方式都有其优缺点，上下文语意衔接自然。故选E项。第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41小题各2分，第42小题3分，第43小题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求

回答问题。GoodTasteofKnowledgeTheaimofeducationorcultureismerelythedevelopmentofgoodtasteinknowledgeandgoodforminconduct.Theculturedmanortheidealeduca

tedmanisnotnecessarilyonewhoiswell-readorlearned,butonewholikesanddislikestherightthings.Toknowwhattoloveandwhat

tohateistohavetasteinknowledge.Nothingismoreannoyingthantomeetapersonatapartywhosemindiscrammed(填塞)fullwithhistori

caldatesandfiguresandwhoisextremelywell-postedoncurrentinternationalaffairs,butwhoseattitudesorpointsofviewareallwrong.Ihavemetsuchpeople.Theydohav

egreatacademicknowledge,butnogoodjudgmentortaste.Beingknowledgeableisamerematterofthecrammingoffactsorinformationwhileha

vinggoodtasteisamatterofartisticjudgment.Inspeakingofascholar,theChinesegenerallydistinguishbetweentheirscholarship(学术成就),conductandtaste.Anedu

catedmantherefore,isonewhohastherightlovesandhatreds.Thiswecalltaste,andwithtastecomescharm.Now,tohavetasterequiresacapacityforthinking

thingsthroughtothebottom,theindependenceofjudgment,andtheunwillingnesstobeaffectedbyanyformofpower.Wh

enamaniswrong,heiswrong,andthereisnoneedforonetobeimpressedbyagreatnameorbythenumberofbooksthathehasreadandwe

haven’t.Taste,then,iscloselyassociatedwithcourage,astheChinesealwaysassociateddan(“胆”)withshi(“识”).Andcourageorindependenceofjudgm

ent,asweknow,issuchararevirtueamonghumankind.Weseethisintellectualcourageorindependenceduringthechildhoodofallthinkersandwriterswhoinlaterlif

eamounttoanything.Suchapersonrefusestobeimpressedbyaphilosophicvogueorafashionabletheory,eventhoughiti

sbackedbythegreatestname.Thisistasteinknowledge.Nodoubtsuchintellectualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentrequiresacertainchildish,naiveconfidencein

oneself,butthisselfistheonlythingthatonecanclingto,andthemomentastudentgivesuphisrightofpersonaljudgment,heisinforacceptingallthedishonestandinsince

reoflife.40.Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthegoalofeducation?___________________________________________________________________________________________

41.Howishavinggoodtasteinknowledgedifferentfrombeingknowledgeable?______________________________________________________________

_____________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.▶Intell

ectualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentbuildsconfidenceinoneself.________________________________________________________________________________

___________43.PleasenameonepersonwiththequalitiesofdanandshiinChinesehistoryandexplainwhataboutthispersonmakesyouthinkso.(Inabout40

words)___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】40.Thegoalofeducationisthedevelopme

ntofgoodtasteinknowledgeandgoodforminconduct.41.Beingknowledgeableistheacceptanceofknowledgewhileandhavinggoodtasteinknowledge

istheartisticjudgmentofknowledge.42.Intellectualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentbuildsconfidenceinoneself.Intellec

tualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentrequiresacertainchildish,naiveconfidenceinoneself.Theword“builds”iswrong.,43.InChinesehistory,apersonwiththequalit

iesofdanandshiisSimaQian,afamoushistorian.Hisindependenceinjudgmentandcouragetospeakthetrutharereflectedinhismasterpiece“Shiji

”,whichcriticallyevaluateshistoricaleventsandfigures,showinghisgoodtasteinknowledge.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者论述了教育或文化的目的是

培养对知识的良好品味和行为的良好形式，一个有教养的人不一定是一个博览群书或学识渊博的人，而是一个喜欢和厌恶正确事物的人。知道爱什么和恨什么就是对知识有品味。【40题详解】考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Theaimofeducationorcultu

reismerelythedevelopmentofgoodtasteinknowledgeandgoodforminconduct.(教育或文化目的仅仅是培养良好的知识品味和良好的行为举止)”可知，作者认为，教育或文化的目的仅仅是培养对知识的良好

品味和行为的良好形式。故答案为：Thegoalofeducationisthedevelopmentofgoodtasteinknowledgeandgoodforminconduct.【41题详解】考查细节理

解。根据第二段中“Beingknowledgeableisamerematterofthecrammingoffactsorinformationwhilehavinggoodtasteisamattero

fartisticjudgment.(知识渊博仅仅是对事实或信息的填鸭式学习，而良好的品味则是一种艺术判断)”可知，知识渊博仅仅是对事实或信息的填鸭式教育，而拥有良好的品味则是艺术判断的问题。因此，二者的区别在于知识渊博是填鸭式的接受知识，而好的品味则是对知识的艺术性判断。

故答案为：Beingknowledgeableistheacceptanceofknowledgewhileandhavinggoodtasteinknowledgeistheartisticjudgmentofknowled

ge.【42题详解】考查细节理解。根据文章最后一段“Nodoubtsuchintellectualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentrequiresacertainchildish,naiveconfidenceinoneself,(毫无疑问，这种智力上的勇气或独

立判断需要一定的幼稚，单纯的对自己的信心)”可知，这种智力的勇气和独立判断需要信心，而不是建立信心。故答案为：Intellectualcourageorindependenceofjudgmentbuildsconfidenceinoneself.Intellectualcourageorind

ependenceofjudgmentrequiresacertainchildish,naiveconfidenceinoneself.Theword“builds”iswrong.【43题详解】考查观点态度。根据问题“Plea

senameonepersonwiththequalitiesofdanandshiinChinesehistoryandexplainwhataboutthispersonmakesyouthinkso.(请说出中国历史上一个具有“胆”和“识

”特质的人的名字，并解释为什么你会这样认为)”。例如司马迁，他是一个兼具“胆”和“识”品质的人。他的独立判断和勇于讲真话体现在他的代表作《史记》中，对历史事件和人物进行了批判性的评价，显示了他良好的知识品味。故答案为：InChinesehistory,apersonwiththe

qualitiesofdanandshiisSimaQian,afamous的historian.Hisindependenceinjudgmentandcouragetospeakthetrutharereflectedinhismasterpiece“Shiji”,whichcritica

llyevaluateshistoricaleventsandfigures,showinghisgoodtasteinknowledge.第二节（20分）44.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友Ji

m得知中国实行144小时过境免签政策后，计划在10月份过境中国时，与家人在北京旅行两天。这是他们首次来华旅游，因此他发来电子邮件，向你寻求建议。请你用英文回复邮件，帮助Jim规划此次旅行。内容包括：1.推荐的行程安排；2.注意事项。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。__

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearJim,I’mgladtohearyouplantotraveli

nBeijing.Forthetwo-daytrip,onthefirstday,visittheForbiddenCityinthemorning.Itsgrandarchitecturewillamazeyou.Intheafternoon,gotoTiananmenSquar

e.Onthesecondday,takeatriptotheGreatWall.It’samust-see.Remembertochecktheweatherinadvanceandwearcomfortableshoes.Also,becarefulwithyourbel

ongings.It’sbettertolearnsomesimpleChinesephrasesforconvenience.Bookticketsforattractionsonlineinadvancetoavoidlongqueues.Haveagre

attrip!Yours,LiHua【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于建议信。要求考生针对英国笔友Jim计划在北京的两天旅行，给出推荐的行程安排和注意事项。【详解】词汇积累高兴：glad→delighted使惊讶：amaze→astonish建

筑：architecture→building/structure预订：book→reserve句式拓展合并简单句为复合句原句：Onthesecondday,takeatriptotheGreatWall.It

’samust-see.拓展句：Onthesecondday,takeatriptotheGreatWall,whichisamust-see.【点睛】[高分句型1]It’sbettertolearnsomesimpleChinese

phrasesforconvenience.（运用了“it作形式主语，动词不定式短语作真正主语”结构）[高分句型2]Bookticketsforattractionsonlineinadvancetoavoidlongqueues.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语）