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2021-2022学年上海市曹杨第二中学高二年级第二学期总结性评价英语学科I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Att

heendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.After

youhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard

1.AInthewoman’shouse.B.Intheman'shouse.C.Inalaboratory.D.Inalibrary.2.A.Whythewomanisinahurry.B.Whetherthewomanhasatypewriter.C.Wheth

erthewomanknowshowtotype.D.Howmuchtypingthewomanneedsdone.3.A.Somepeoplemaynotgoonthetrip.B.Thetransportationforthetripisfree.C.Allofthecla

ssmembershavepaidthefee.D.Theclassdidn’tenjoygoingonthefieldtrip.4.A.TakealotofmoneyB.Weardifferentclothe

sC.LeaveJohnaloneathomeD.Gotoadifferentrestaurant.5.A.Theyweren’tabletotakeawalkB.Theydidn'thaveagoodtalkC.Th

eydecidedtogobyplaneD.Theytalkedaboutgeology6.AShedoesn’tneedanumbrellaB.SheleftherumbrellainthecarC.Shecanholdherumbrellaovertheman’sheadD

.She'stheonlyonewhodoesn’thaveanumbrella7.A.HemanagedtotakeavocationB.Hedidn’twanttogotoXiamenC.Hehadalread

ygonebacktoworkD.Hewouldsendapostcardifhewentaway8.A.Takinganap.B.TeachingbiologyC.Takingadifferentcourse.D.Studyingmicrobiolog

yforayear9.A.HowthemanknowsJoeB.HowJoe'sbeendoinglatelyC.WhetherthemanreallysawJoeD.WhatshowtheysawinNewYork10

.A.TheeggsareputnexttothepotatoesB.Potatoesaremorenutritiousthaneggs.C.Thesecondcoursewillbepotatoesandeggs.D.Mosthealthfoodstoressellpot

atoesandeggs.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionson

eachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.When

youhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Tointroduceanewkindofbicycletostudents.B.Towarntouristsabo

utbicyclingontheroadwaysC.ToencouragepeopletoparticipateinaclubactivityD.ToinformbeginningcyclistsaboutNewJersey’strafficlaws.12.A.Itsmil

dclimateB.ItsgeographicvarietyC.Itsnetworkofsuperhighways.D.Itslargenumberofbicycleclubs13.A.Theyareniceplacestovisiton

bicycletoursB.TheyhelptomakeNewJerseyawealthystate.C.SomeofthemmarkthedevelopmentofthebicycleD.Someofth

emareinaccessibletobeginningcyclistsQuestion14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage14.A.PollutionhasmadetheEarthdarkerB.Anti-pollutionlaws

hascomeintoeffectC.AgricultureisaffectedbytheclimatechangeD.Sunshineisresponsiblefortheglobalwarming15.A.Moreof

itwasabsorbedbyplantsB.Itdoesmoreharmtopeople’shealthC.Itbecamelessofaconcerntopeople.D.LessofitgottothesurfaceoftheEarth16.A.The

reislessrainB.TheoceandriesupC.TheclimatebecomeswarmerD.SomemarinecreaturesbecomeextinctQuestion17through20areb

asedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.HejoinedamountaineeringclubinAfricaB.HemadeanadvertisementofmountaineeringC.Heclimbedtoth

etopofamountainsuccessfullyD.Hehadaweekendtrainingformountainclimbing18.A.HeplannedtogiveuphalfwayB.Hewasnotconfi

dentofhimselfC.Hedidnotexpecttomeetpeopleofhisage.D.Heknewwhathewasmentallycapableofdoing19.A.TheywerehealthyandfitB.Theyhopedtodosomethingdiffere

ntC.TheywereexperiencedprofessionalclimbersD.Theyjoinedinthiskindofactivityforthefirsttime20.A.Theygotalongwellwitheachother.B.Theykneweachotherforal

ongtimeC.TheywouldnotmeeteachotherlaterD.TheydidnothelpeachotheronthewayII.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassag

ebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblank

withtheproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.“ThisbelongstoIraq.”readstheposterheldbyIraqis

tudentZeidounAlkinaniattheBabylonianIshtarGateinthePergamonMuseumofBerlin.ExcavatedandacquiredbyGermanarch

aeologistsin____1____istoday’sIraq,theIshtarGateisoneofthemanyartifactsshippedbacktoWesterncountriespr

iortoWorldWarIaspartofalargertrendbyEuropeancolonistsacrosstheMiddleEast.In2002IraqiofficialsurgedGermanytoreturnthegate.Thereares

tillnoplansmadeforitsreturn.Theviralimagedoes,however,bringtolightthelong-argueddebatebetweenmuseumsintheUS.andEurope____2____theowners

hipofancientartifactsandtheobjectscountriesoforigin.AnotherexampleofthestolenartifactsdisplayedinGermanyisthefamousbustofNefertitiast

atue____3____(represent)thepharaohofEgyptAkhenaten’sroyalwife.Around1340BCthebustwasconstructedoflimestone,gypsum,andwaxinEgypt.____4____ancien

titemsusuallyshowtheiragewithtimepassingby,itseems____5____(have)relativelylittleeffectforthebustofNefertiti.Itsshaperemainslargelyunda

mageditscolorsareintactandthefaceofthequeenappearsunsulliedbyage.Itisraretofindsopristineanancientfigureinthemodernera.T

hebust____6____(unearth)byGermanarchaeologistsin1912.Thefollowingyear,itfounditswaytoGermanyand____7____(stay)th

ereeversince.In2011,theEgyptianSupremeCouncilofAntiquitiessentarequesttothePrussianCulturalHeritageFoundationfort

heartifact’sreturn.Itisinthemuseumrunbythefoundation____8____thebustisnowdisplayed.However,thefounda

tionrepliedthatthebustwasobtainedlegallyandEgypthasnogroundstoreclaimit.TheSupremeCouncilofAntiquitiesexplained“Thisrequesti

sanaturalconsequenceofEgypt’slong-standingpolicyofseekingtherestitutionofallarchaeologicalandhistoricalartifacts____9____havebeentakenillegal

lyoutofthecountry.Thefoundation’spresidentdisagreed:“ThebustofNefertitiisandremainstheambassadorofEgyptinBerlin.Besides,t

helongtriphome____10____causepermanentdamagetothedelicatestatue.”【答案】1.what2.about3.representing4.Though##While##Although5.tohave6.wasunearthed

7.hasstayed8.that9.that10.may【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是文物IshtarGate和Nefertiti半身像的发现国和归属国之间关于文物所有权的争论。【1题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：德国考古学家在今天的伊拉克发掘

并获得了IshtarGate，它是第一次世界大战前被运往西方国家的众多文物之一，这是欧洲殖民者穿越中东的大趋势的一部分。分析可知，空格处引导的是宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，空格处用what引导宾语从句。故填what。【2题详解】考查介词。句

意：然而，这个著名的文物确实让美国和欧洲的博物馆之间关于古代文物和文物原产国所有权的长期争论公开化。thedebateaboutsth.意为“关于某物的争论”，因此空格处用介词about。故填about。【3题详解】考查现在分词。句意：在德国展出的另一件被盗文物是著名的N

efertiti半身像，它代表着埃及法老阿肯那顿的皇室妻子。分析可知，句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，statue和represent之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动。故填representing。【4题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然古代物品通常

会随着时间的推移显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小。由下文的“usuallyshowtheiragewithtimepassingby”和“relativelylittleeffectforthebustofNefertiti”可知，

句子表示“虽然古代物品通常会随着时间的推移显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小”，空格处意为“虽然”，是though/while/although，引导让步状语从句。故填Though/While/Although。【5题详解】考查不定式。句意：虽然古代物品通常会随着时间的推移

显示其年龄，但这似乎对奈费尔提蒂的半身像影响相对较小。seemtodo意为“似乎……”，因此空格处用不定式tohave。故填tohave。【6题详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：1912年，德国考古学家发现了这座半身像。由“in1912”可知

，句子时态用一般过去时，且半身像是被出土，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语bust是单数，因此空格处是wasunearthed。故填wasunearthed。【7题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：第二年，它来到了德国，并一直留在那里。由“eve

rsince”可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语it是第三人称单数，因此空格处是hasstayed。故填hasstayed。【8题详解】考查强调句。句意：这座半身像现在陈列在基金会经营的博物馆里。由“Itis”和句意可知，句子是强调句，结构是“itis/was+被强调的部分+tha

t/who+其他部分”，句中被强调的是“inthemuseumrunbythefoundation”，是地点状语，因此空格处用that。故填that。【9题详解】考查定语从句。句意：古文物最高委员会解释说:“这一要求是埃及长

期以来寻求归还所有被非法带出埃及的考古和历史文物政策的自然结果。”分析可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词“archaeologicalandhistoricalartifacts”是物，且被all修饰，因此空格处只用that不用which。故填that。

【10题详解】考查情态动词。句意：此外，长途跋涉回家可能会对雕像造成永久性的损伤。空后的cause是原形，因此空格处是情态动词，根据语境可知，句中子表示“长途跋涉回家可能会对雕像造成永久性的损伤”，空格处意为“可能”，可能性尚不明确，用may。故填may。Se

ctionB(A)Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyo

uneed.AancestorsB.commandingC.equipmentD.financialE.imitatingF.inspirationG.intenseH.pushI.reservationsJ.restric

tedK.shakingOurlifestylesmeanthatmostofusaren’tusingourmusclesproperly.Assmallchildrenwesquat,crawlandleaparoundfreely,buttheol

derweget,themore_____11_____ourmovementsbecomeandmanyofourmusclesgetlittleactionaswesitatdesksorincars.Occasionallywehitthegym,whe

reweusemachinestoworkonspecificmusclesratherthanthewholebody.Nowanewformoffitness,a(n)_____12_____workoutbasedonsimpleanimalmovementss

uchascrawling,istakingoff.ItsAustralianfounder,NathanHelberg,hasbeenusingitwiththemilitarypoliceforces,schoolchildrenandevenprisoners.He

tookhis_____13_____frommartialartsbreak-dancing,theanimalworldandthedancemovementsofindigenouspeople,anddevelopedZuu.Therearearound100animalmovements

althoughbeginnersstartwith25-thatworkmuscles,jointsandligamentsaswellasimprovingheartandlungfitness.Zuuneedsno_____14_____andlittlespace.Theideai

stotrainyourbodytodothekindsofactivitiesthatour_____15_____hadtodoindailylife.It’squick,ittopsupyourst

rengthandit’snotaimingtogiveyoubigmuscles.Inexchangeforthepublicityfromarticle,Nathanoffersmeamasterclassalongsid

etwoofhistrainers,whichwouldotherwisebebeyondmy_____16_____means!Iam.attractedbytheprospectofdoingthingsIhaven

’tdonesincemypre-schoolyears.Inclass,Itryafrogsquatandabearcrawl.Eachmovementlastsfor30seconds(formybenefit-asyougetfitter,youkeep

onfor45seconds).BytheendI’m_____17_____withexhaustion.Despitemyinitial_____18_____,bytheendofmyclass,Ihavestart

edtoenjoymyself.Mindyou,it’shardnottolaughwhenyou’re_____19_____abear!IthoughtIwasinreasonablygoodshape-Irun5kmthreetimesaweek-butafterthisIrea

lizehowlittleI_____20_____myselfnormally.NathanhaspromisedthatIcouldincreasemyupperbodystrengthby30%injustsixweeksbydoingclasses.Doesn’tthatsoun

damazing?【答案】11.J12.B13.F14.C15.A16.D17.G18.I19.E20.H【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍的是一种叫做Zuu的新的锻炼方式及作者体验后的感受。

【11题详解】考查形容词。句意：小时候，我们可以自由地蹲着、爬着、跳着，但随着年龄的增长，我们的动作越来越受限，当我们坐在桌子前或车里时，我们的许多肌肉几乎没有任何动作。由后面的“manyofourmusclesgetlittleactiona

swesitatdesksorincars”可知，随着年龄的增长，我们的动作越来越受限，空格处意为“有限制的”，用形容词作表语，是restricted。故选J。【12题详解】考查形容词。句意：现在，一种新的健身方式正

在兴起，它是一种基于爬行等简单动物动作的指令式锻炼。由后文的“workoutbasedonsimpleanimalmovementssuchascrawling”可知，此处指的是一种指令式锻炼，空格处意为“命令式的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词workout，是commanding，故选B。【1

3题详解】考查名词。句意：他从武术霹雳舞、动物世界和土著人民的舞蹈动作中获得灵感，并发展出了Zuu。由后文的“frommartialartsbreak-dancing,theanimalworldandthedancemovementsofin

digenouspeople”可知，他从武术霹雳舞、动物世界和土著人民的舞蹈动作中获得灵感。故选F。【14题详解】考查名词。句意：Zuu不需要设备，需要的空间很小。由后文的“andlittlespace”可知，这种锻炼方式不需要设备。故选C。【15题详解】考查名词。句意

：这个想法是训练你的身体去做我们祖先在日常生活中必须做的那些活动。由“hadtodo”是一般过去时可知，此处是说去做我们祖先在日常生活中必须做的那些活动。故选A。【16题详解】考查形容词。句意：作为对文章宣传的回报，内森为我提供了一个大师班和

他的两个教练，否则我就没有经济能力了！由上文的“Inexchangeforthepublicityfromarticle”可知，作者去体验这种锻炼，然后帮内森做宣传，因此如果不这样的话，这种锻炼就超出了作者的经济能力，

因此空格处意为“经济的”，用形容词financial作定语，修饰名词means。故选D。【17题详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，我精疲力尽。由后文的“withexhaustion”可知，作者因为疲惫而觉得紧张，空格处意为“紧张的”，用形容词作表

语，是intense。故选G。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：尽管我一开始有所保留，但到课程结束时，我已经开始享受自己了。由后文的“bytheendofmyclass,Ihavestartedtoenjoymyself”和前面的“Despite”可知，句子表示“尽管我一开始有所保留，但到课程

结束时，我已经开始享受自己了”，空格处意为“保留”，是reservations。故选I。【19题详解】考查时态。句意：请注意，当你模仿一只熊时，很难不笑出来！由后文的“abear”和第2空后的“basedonsimpleanimalmovementssuchascrawlin

g”可知，此处表示“模仿一只熊”，空格处意为“模仿”，是imitate，由前面的you’re可知，句子时态是现在进行时，空格处用现在分词imitating。故选E。【20题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：我

认为我的状态相当好——我一周跑三次5公里——但在这之后我意识到我平时对自己的要求是多么少。由后文的“NathanhaspromisedthatIcouldincreasemyupperbodystrengthby30%inj

ustsixweeksbydoingclasses”可知，作者的锻炼强度根本就不大，因此作者是意识到平时对自己的要求是多么少，空格处意为“推动，促使”，是push，由normally可知，句子时态用一般现在时，主语I是第一人称，因此空格处用动词原形。故选H。(B)Directi

ons:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.catchesB.combinedC.co

ntributorsD.demandE.driverF.mereG.pressingH.prosperityI.speedsJ.thirstiestK.trendsFeedingninebillionWhenwethinkab

outthreatstotheenvironment,wetendtopicturecars-notdinner.Butthetruthis,our_____21_____forfoodcausesoneofthebigg

estdangerstotheplanet.Agricultureisamongthegreatest_____22_____toglobalwarming.Itemitsmoregreenhousegasesthanallourcars,trucks,tra

ins,andairplane_____23_____—largelyfrommethanereleasedbycattleandricefarms,nitrousoxidefromfertilizedfieldsandcarbondioxidefromthecuttingofrainfo

reststogrowcropsorraiselivestock.Farmingisthe_____24_____userofourpreciouswatersuppliesandamajorpolluter,asrunofffromfertilizersa

ndmanurepollutelakes,rivers,andcoastalecosystemsacrosstheglobe.Agriculturealso_____25_____upthelossofbiodiversity:Aswe’veclearedareasofgrassland

andforestforfarms,we’velostcrucialhabitatmakingagricultureamajor_____26_____ofwildlifeextinctionTheenvironmentalchallengescausedby

agriculturearehuge,andthey’llonlybecomemore_____27_____aswetrytomeetthegrowingneedforfoodworldwide.We’lllikelyhave2billionm

oremouthstofeedbymid-century-morethan9billionpeople.Butpopulationgrowthisn’tthe_____28_____reasonwe’llneedmorefood.Thespreadof_____29_____acrossthew

orldisdrivinganincreasedneedformeat,eggs,anddairy,boostingpressuretogrowmorecornandsoybeanstofeedmorecattle,pigs,andch

ickens.Ifthese_______30_______continue,thepopulationgrowthandmeat-and-dairy-intensivedietswillrequireustoro

ughlydoubletheamountofcropswegrowby2050.【答案】21.D22.C23.B24.J25.I26.E27.G28.F29.H30.K【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们关注环境问题时，往往只关注汽车等交通工具，而忽略了农业。

相反，农业才是造成全球变暖的最大因素之一。文章接着说明了农业给全球变暖带来的种种消极影响。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：但事实却是，我们对食物的需求才是地球面临的最大危险之一。分析句子可知，空格处受形容词性物主代词our的限定，应填一个名词。根据后面的“forfood”以及下文

第三段的“aswetrytomeetthegrowingneedforfoodworldwide”可知，此处是指对事物的需求导致了危险。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词。句意：农业是全球变暖的主要因素之一。分析句子可知，本句是一个主系表结构，

空格处位于形容词最高级后面，作整个句子的表语，故需要一个名词，且根据介词among可知，该名词应为复数形式。根据下文“Itemitsmoregreenhousegasesthanallourcars,trucks,trains,andairplane”可知

，农业比汽车、客车、火车、飞机等排放的温室气体更多，是造成全球变暖的主要因素之一，contributors表示“贡献者、主要因素”，符合句意。故选C项。【23题详解】考查形容词。句意：它排放的温室气体比我们所有的汽车、卡车、火车和飞机加起来还要多。分析句子结构

可知，本句主谓宾齐全，空格处应为修饰成分，修饰前面的并列名词“cars,trucks,trains,andairplane”，故此处需要一个形容词。根据前面“Itemitsmoregreenhousegasesthanallourcars,trucks,trains,andairplane”句意

可知，此处是指农业排放的气体比全部汽车、卡车、火车、飞机等加起来还要多，combined意为“联合的、加在一起的”，符合句意。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：农业最耗用我们宝贵的水资源，也是主要污染源。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个主系表结构，空格处位于名词user前，

作定语修饰它，故需要一个形容词。根据后面的“andamajorpolluter”可知，空格处的形容词应与major一样，能表示“主要、最”等含义。综上可知，空格处应填形容词的最高级。thirstiest为形容词thirsty的最高级，表示“最口渴的”，符合句意。故选J项。【25题

详解】考查动词。句意：农业也加快了生物多样性消失的速度。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中充当谓语，故需要一个动词；speedup为固定短语，意为“使加速”。故选I项。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：随着我们为农业开垦出大片草原和森林，

我们失去了至关重要的栖息地，使农业成为野生动植物灭绝的主要原因。根据空格前面的amajor可知，此处需要一个单数名词。又根据前面的“Aswe’veclearedareasofgrasslandandforestforfarms”可知，为农业开垦草原和森林是因，而后面的“

lostcrucialhabitatmakingagricultureamajor_____6_____ofwildlifeextinction”是果，是农业造成了野生动植物的灭绝；driver意为“驱动者、驱动因素”，符合句意。故选E项。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意：农业

带来的环境挑战是巨大的，随着我们试图满足世界日益增长的粮食需求，这些挑战只会变得更加紧迫。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于变化系动词become后，充当句子的表语，且根据前面的more可知，此处为形容词的比较结构，故空格处应填一个形容词。根据后

面的“aswetrytomeetthegrowingneedforfoodworldwide”可知，当我们试图满足日益增长的粮食需求时，对农业的需求也会增大，而农业对环境的影响也会加剧。pressing意为

“紧迫的、紧急的”，符合句意。故选G项。【28题详解】考查形容词。句意：但人口增长并不是我们需要更多食物的唯一原因。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于定冠词the后，名词reason前，故此处需要一个形容词。根据前面的but可知，本句和上一句存在转折关系，上一句提到了“We’lllikelyhave2b

illionmoremouthstofeedbymid-century-morethan9billionpeople.”，说明了人口增长速度很快，但此处的but表示转折，说明人口增长不是“唯一的原因”，用的mere合适。故

选F项。【29题详解】考查名词。句意：整个世界的繁荣正推动着对肉类、鸡蛋和奶制品需求的增加，增加了种植更多玉米和大豆以喂养更多牛、猪和鸡的压力。根据空格前面的“thespreadof”可知，此处是一个of所有格的结构，空格处应填一个名词；又根据后面的“an

increasedneedformeat,eggsanddiary”可知，能造成肉、蛋、奶制品等食物需求的增加，说明经济比较繁荣，prosperity意为“繁荣”，符合句意。故选H项。【30题详解】考查名词。句意：如果继续保持这些趋势，人口增长和肉类、乳制品密集型饮

食将要求我们到2050年种植大约两倍的作物。分析句子结构可知，空格处位于指示代词these后，作整个if从句的主语，故需填一个名词，且为复数形式。分析句意可知指示代词these应指代前面的“Thespreadof_____9_____acrosstheworldisd

rivinganincreasedneedformeat,eggs,anddairy,boostingpressuretogrowmorecornandsoybeanstofeedmorecattle,pigs,andchickens.”，世界的繁荣推动肉、蛋、奶需求的增加，增加了种植玉米

和大豆的压力，而如果继续保持这些趋势，到2050年需要种植的作物就要翻倍。由此可知，空格处表示“这些趋势”，用trends。故选K。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Foreachblankint

hefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitstheco

ntext.The16th-centurydramatistBenJohnsongenerouslycalledShakespeareawriter“notofanage,butforalltime.”Andsoithasproventobe,forShakespeare’splay

sarestillthemosttranslatedandmost____31____ofanyplaywriter’sintheworld.ButifyouaskpeoplewhataccountsforShakespeare’s____

32____popularity,youwillgetanumberofdifferentanswers.Somewillsaythathewasagreatstoryteller,othersthatthe____33____liesinthebeautyof

hispoetry.SomescholarspointoutthathewasborninalivelyperiodofEngland’shistory,atimeofgreatnationalconfidenceandculturalactivity,particularlyint

hetheatre.____34____,theyclaim,hewasabletoproduceanextraordinaryvolumeofwork.Thislastexplanationseemsalittle____35

____.Amoreinterestinganswerisputforward,althoughalittleover-enthusiastically,byHaroldBloominhisbookShakespeare:TheInventionoft

heHuman.BloomarguesthatShakespearegaveussomethinginhiswritingthattheworldhadnotseenin____36____before:char

acterswithastrongpersonality.Theselifelikecharactersgaveusarealinsightintothehuman____37____:Iago,thetrusteda

dvisorofOthello,whosejealousyleadshimtobetrayhishonestmaster;Rosalind,theheroineinAsYouLikeIt,whoremainstruetoherfriends

andfamilyinspiteofthedangertoherself.Throughthemouthsofsuchcharacters,welearntruthsaboutlifethatwecanall_

___38____.Thesetruthsaremademoremovingandmorememorablebythewayinwhichtheyare____39____:brieflyandpoetically.Shak

espearehasbeendeadalmost400years,butthewordsandsayingattributed(归功于)tohimstill_____40_____theEnglish

languagetoday.Sowhetheryouare“fashionable”or“sanctimonious,”thankShakespeare,whoprobably_____41_____theterms.In

fact,itisamazingjusthowgreatShakespeare’sinfluenceoneverydaylanguagehasbeen.Take,forexample,thesephrases

fromMichaelMacrone’slight-heartedbookBrushUpYourShakespeare.foregoneconclusionseenbetterdaysfullcircleasorrysightatonefellswoopneitherherenortherew

earmyheartuponmysleevetheworldis(my)oysterMacroneismoreinterestedintheShakespeareanlanguagethathassurvivedthanthereasonsf

orits_____42_____.Accordingtohisresearch,someofthesesayingsareslightlydifferentfromtheiroriginalmeaning

oncetakenoutofthe_____43_____oftheplaysinwhichtheyfirstappeared.Forexample,“beallandendall”isusedtodaytomean“themostimpor

tantthing”,butinMacbeth,itmeans“theendofthematter”.Regardlessofsuchtechnicalities,itisstillremarkablethat

somanyofShakespeare’swordshavesurvivedthelarge_____44_____inlanguagebetweentheirtimeandthepresentday.Thebeautyofthosewordsiscertainlyonereason,

butasJohnsonsuggested,itisthehumanityrelevanceoftheir_____45_____thatbringsthemtolife.31.A.selectedB.performedC.evaluatedD.revised

32.A.unexpectedB.varyingC.individualD.enduring33.A.magicB.evidenceC.creativityD.count34.A.InawordB.AsaconsequenceC.BycontrastD.Tosomedegree35.A.

possibleB.convincingC.unsatisfactoryD.boring36.A.manB.literatureC.historyD.focus37.A.conditionB.emotionsC.factorD.resou

rces38.A.qualifyforB.judgefromC.specializeinD.identifywith39.A.provedB.phrasedC.believedD.understood40.A.colo

rB.defineC.representD.involve41.A.honoredB.improvedC.coinedD.chose42.A.significanceB.varietyC.livelihoodD.popularity43.

A.conceptB.timeC.contextD.outline44.A.shiftsB.conflictsC.similaritiesD.trends45.A.usageB.wordingC.originalityD.message【答案】31.B32.D33.D34.B3

5.D36.B37.B38.D39.B40.A41.C42.D43.C44.C45.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了伟大的剧作家莎士比亚的戏剧流行至今的原因以及对语言的影响。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，在所有的剧作家中，莎士比亚的戏剧仍然是世界上

翻译最多、表演最多的。A.selected选择；B.performed表演；C.evaluated评估；D.revised修改、校订，复习。空前一句说16世纪的剧作家本·约翰逊评价莎士比亚“不是一个时代的作家，而是永远的作家”

，因此在所有的剧作家中，他的戏剧仍然是世界上翻译最多、表演最多的，故选B。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但如果你问人们是什么原因致使莎士比亚持续流行，你会得到许多不同的答案。A.unexpected意外的；B.varyin

g易变的；C.individual个体的；D.enduring持久的。文章第一句说16世纪的剧作家本·约翰逊评价莎士比亚“不是一个时代的作家，而是永远的作家”，这说明莎士比亚一直受欢迎，也就是“持续流行”，故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人会说他是一个很会讲故

事的人，也有人会说他的诗歌之美才是重要的。A.magic魔力；B.evidence证据；C.creativity创造力；D.count总数、关键。此处是在分析莎士比亚的持续流行的原因，有人认为他的诗歌

之美才是重要的（让他一直受欢迎的关键在于他的诗歌很美），故选D。【34题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些学者指出，他出生在英国历史上一个生机勃勃的时期，一个民族自信和文化活跃的时期，尤其是在戏剧界。因此，他们声称，

他能够写出大量的作品。A.Inaword总之；B.Asaconsequence因此；C.Bycontrast相比之下；D.Tosomedegree在某种程度上。根据上下文语境，“莎士比亚出生在英国历史上一个民族自信和文化活跃的时期”与“他能够写出大量的作

品”之间是因果关系，故选B。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后一个解释似乎有点无聊。哈罗德•布鲁姆在他的著作《莎士比亚:人类的发明》中提出了一个更有趣的答案，尽管有点过于热情。布鲁姆认为莎士比亚在他的作品中给了我们一些我们在文学作品中从未见过的东西：具有强烈个性的人物。A.

possible可能的；B.convincing有说服力的；C.unsatisfactory不令人满意的；D.boring无聊的。此处与空后一句中的interesting（有趣的）相对，指“无聊的”，故选D。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同

上。A.man男人,人类；B.literature文学；C.history历史；D.focus中心。莎士比亚是剧作家，他的作品属于文学范畴，故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些栩栩如生的角色让我们真正了解了人类的情感。A.conditi

on情况；B.emotions情感；C.factor因素；D.resources资源。冒号后的内容（伊阿古，奥赛罗的亲信顾问，嫉妒心使他背叛了诚实的主人；罗莎琳德，《皆大欢喜》中的女主角，尽管自己面临危险，她仍然忠于朋友和家人）提到的两个人物都涉及了人类的情

感，故选B。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：通过这些人物所说的话，我们学到了我们都能认同的生活真理。A.qualifyfor有……的资格；B.judgefrom从……上判断；C.specializein专攻；D.identifywith与一致、认为……等同于。根据空前的“tru

thsaboutlife”可知，这些真理都是我们所认同的，故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些真理之所以更感人、更令人难忘，是因为它们的措辞简洁而富有诗意。A.proved证明；B.phrased措辞；C.believed相

信；D.understood理解。根据常识，文学作品是通过措辞来表达的，冒号后的“brieflyandpoetically”也是措辞方式，故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：莎士比亚离世已近40

0年，但人们认为他的说辞仍然为今天的英语增色不少。A.color粉饰、增色；B.define定义；C.represent表现；D.involve牵涉。根据空前的“thewordsandsayingattributedtohimstill”可知

，莎士比亚作品中的说辞仍然为今天的英语增色，故选A。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，无论你是“时髦”还是“虚伪”，都要感谢莎士比亚，他可能创造了这些词汇。A.honored给某人以荣誉；B.improved改进；

C.coined创造（新词等）；D.chose选择。空前一句说无论你是“时髦”还是“虚伪”，都要感谢莎士比亚，这说明他可能创造了这些词汇，故选C。【42题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：比起莎士比亚语言的流行，迈克尔·麦克隆更感兴趣的是它幸存下来的原因。A.significan

ce重要性、意义；B.variety种类；C.livelihood生计、营生；D.popularity流行、受欢迎。根据第一段中的“popularity”可知此处指“流行”，故选D。【43题详解】考查名词

词义辨析。句意：根据他的研究，这些俗语中的一些，一旦被从它们最初所在剧本的上下文中摘出，就与它们的原意略有不同。A.concept概念；B.time时间；C.context上下文、语境；D.outline轮廓、大纲。根据空后的“oftheplaysinwhichthe

yfirst”可知，此处指“最初所在剧本的上下文中”，故选C。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：撇开这些技术细节不谈，值得注意的是，莎士比亚的很多词汇在当时和现在的语言中仍然保留了大量的相似之处。A.shifts转变；B.confli

cts冲突；C.similarities相似之处；D.trends趋势。根据空前的“Regardlessofsuchtechnicalities”可知，莎士比亚的很多词汇在当时和现在的语言中仍然保留了大量的

相似之处，旨在突出莎士比亚的作品对语言的影响，故选C。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些词语的优美当然是其中一个原因，但正如约翰逊所指出的，正是它们的措辞所体现的人性，让它们栩栩如生。A.usage使用；B.wording措辞；C.originality独创性；D.messa

ge信息。根据空后的“bringsthemtolife”可知此处指“莎士比亚作品中的措辞所体现的人性”，故选B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassag

eisfollowedbyseveralquestionsonunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbe

staccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Aradioreportcaughtmyattentiontheother

day,asitspokestraighttomyheart:Cadets(学员)attheUSNavalAcademyarenowrequiredtorevisitandpotentiallyrevivetheancientskillofsteeringashipbyth

estars.Bythestars–imaginethat:lookingupatthesky,notdownatascreen,somanyyearsaftertheheavens’criticalroleinguidingmarinershas

fallenbythewayside,firstreplacedbyradiowaves,thenbymodernGPS.Muchisgained–butsomethingalsolost–insuchprogress,Ith

ink.Itremindedmeofmyloveof18thand19thcenturyseafaring(航海的)tales(readingthemisoneofmycopingmechanismsforuneventfullifein

thelandlockedMidwest),whensailorshadonlycelestial(天空的)mapsfornavigationandstillmiraculouslymanagedtosailth

eplanet’svastoceansandevencircumnavigatetheglobe.Recentcybersecurityconcernshavetriggeredrenewedinterestinbackupnavigationalstrategiessuchasstarg

azing,andsimplehand-heldtechnologieslikethesextant(六分仪),sooftenmentionedinRichardHenryDana’sTwoYearsBeforetheMast,atalet

hatchroniclesamid-19th-centurymerchantship’sendlesslyadventurousvoyagefromBostontoCaliforniaandback.I

wouldn’twishtheharshconditionsofthattriponmodernsailors,butIamallforanythingthathelppeoplefindtheircompassbearings(方位)andtravelrouteswithou

thigh-techandoftenmindlessguidance.“Isthatnorthorsouthofhere?”I’veaskedmotelclerksandgasstationattenda

ntsaboutaparticularaddressI’mseekinginmyGPS-lesstravels.“Well,it’sthatway,”comesthemostfrequentreply,accompaniedbya

pointedfinger,andIrealizethatnorth,south,east,andwestarenotfamiliarcoordinates(坐标)tomanypeople.Tobefair,

Ihaven’talwaysbeenusedtocompasspointseither.InfactitwasnotuntilIwasayoungadult,lyingonafloatinmyparents’poolonalatesu

mmer’svisithome,andwatchingthesunsetbelowtheroofline,thatIfirstrealizedthatmychildhoodhomefacedduewest.IwasshockedthatI’dbeenob

livioustothissimplefact,especiallysinceI’dbeguntobeschooledingeologyandincompasswork.Butlikesomany,I’dgrownupthinkingandnavigatingusingotherc

oordinates,basedonfamiliarstreets,rightsandlefts,andreferencepointssuchasmyschool,thehomesoffriends,thenearestplayground

,andthelocalshoppingplaza.I’vegoingsincebecomeaccustomedtofindingmybearingsontravelsinunfamiliarterritorybythesun’sposition.AndnowI’dlovet

ositinonaclassattheacademytolearntonavigatebythemoonandstars.It’saskillI’llprobablyneverneedtodrawupon.Yetitfeelsgoodtokno

whowitwouldconnectme,inanewandprofoundway,tothehistoricaltraceofhumanexperienceonthisplanet.Asformodernsailors,i

tmightjustbringthemsafelyhomeoneday,ifallelsefails.46.Whatkindofroledo18thand19thcenturyseafaringtales

playintheauthor’slife?A.Enrichinghisdullinlandlife.B.Triggeringhisconcernforcybersecurity.C.Arousinghisinterestinmodernnavigationalstrategies.D.Str

engtheninghisresolvetoreviveanancientskill.47.Theauthormentionshisexperienceofseekinganaddressinparagraph6a

nd7toillustrate________.A.theimportanceofmoderntechnologysuchasGPSintravelsB.thatit’sessentialtolearngeograp

hyandcompassworkwellatschoolC.thatmanypeopledon’tnavigateintermsofcoordinatessuchasnorthandsouthD.the

convenienceofnavigatingbasedonfamiliarstreets,rightsandleftsandreferencepoints48.Theunderlinedphrase“obliviousto”inparagraph8isclosestinmean

ingto__________.A.obvioustoB.familiarwithC.unconcernedaboutD.unawareof49.Whydoestheauthorplantolearntonavigatebythemoonandstars?A.Beca

useheexpectstoexperiencetheharshconditionsonthevoyageinthepast.B.BecauseheisrequiredtorevisitthisancientskillasacadetattheU.S.NavalAcadem

y.C.Becausetheskillcanmakehimfeelconnectedtothehistoricalheritageofhumanbeings.D.Becausetheskillcanbringsailorshome,safeandsound,ifmod

erntechnologyfails.【答案】46.A47.C48.D49.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者能够根据太阳的位置在陌生的地域里寻找方向，以及作者计划学习通过月亮和星星导航，因为这种技能可以让他感到与人类的历史遗迹有联系。【46题

详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Itremindedmeofmyloveof18thand19thcenturyseafaringtales(readingthemisoneofmycopingmechanismsforuneventf

ullifeinthelandlockedMidwest)（这让我想起了我对18、19世纪航海故事的热爱(阅读这些故事是我在内陆的中西部平淡生活的应对机制之一)）可知18、19世纪的航海故事扮演者丰富作者沉闷的内陆生活的角色。故选A。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据第七段中“Well,it’sth

atway,”comesthemostfrequentreply,accompaniedbyapointedfinger,andIrealizethatnorth,south,east,andwestarenotfamiliarcoordinatesto

manypeople.（“嗯，是这样的，”是最常见的回答，并伴随着一根手指，我意识到，对许多人来说并不熟悉东西南北坐标。）可知作者在第6段和第7段中提到了他寻找地址的经历，以此来说明很多人并不是按照南北坐标来导航的。故选C。【48题详解】词义猜

测题。结合上文InfactitwasnotuntilIwasayoungadult,lyingonafloatinmyparents’poolonalatesummer’svisithome,andwatchin

gthesunsetbelowtheroofline,thatIfirstrealizedthatmychildhoodhomefacedduewest.可知事实上，直到作者年轻的时候，才第一次意识到儿时的家是正西方的。说明之前作者一直忽视了这个简单

的事实，因此在意识到之后感到很震惊。故划线短语意思为“忽视”，故选D。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中AndnowI’dlovetositinonaclassattheacademytolearntonavigateby

themoonandstars.It’saskillI’llprobablyneverneedtodrawupon.Yetitfeelsgoodtoknowhowitwouldconnectme,inanewandprofoundway,tothehistoricaltraceof

humanexperienceonthisplanet.（现在我想去学院上课，学习如何通过月亮和星星导航。这是一种我可能永远都不会用到的技能。然而，知道它将如何以一种全新而深刻的方式把我与人类在这个星球上的历史痕迹联系起来，让我感觉很好。）可知作者计划学习通过月亮和星星导航，因为

这种技能可以让他感到与人类的历史遗迹有联系。故选C。(B)“WhenIuseaword,”HumptyDumptysaid,“itmeansjustwhatIchoosetomean—neithermorenorless.”—THROUGHTHELOOKINGGL

ASSIagreewithMr.Dumpty:Wordshavemeaning.Butsurelywecanseizeuponameaningandthencreateawordtomatchit.Thefollowingwords-someculledfromthecrowdsourcedonl

inedictionaryurbandictionary.comandothersI’veconcoctedmyself-don’texistaccordingtoMerriam-Webster...butshouldIcallthem“worde

rfuls”.blamestormingn.—Theactofattemptingtoidentifythepersonwhoismostatfaultforaplan’sfailure.cellfishn.—Someonewhotalksonthephonetotheexclus

ionofthoseheorsheiswith.chairdroben.—Achaironwhichonepilesclothesthatbelonginthecloset.Nottobeconfusedwithafloordrobe.chipte

asen.—Abagofpotatochipsthatseemsfullbutismostlyair.dulleman.—Thechoicebetweentwoequallyboringoutcomes.epip

hinotn.—Anideathatseemslikeanamazinginsighttotheconceiverbutisinfactpointless,mundane,stupid,orincorrect.erroristn

.—Someonewhoisrepeatedlyorinvariablywrong.nonversationn.—Acompletelymeaninglessoruselessconversation.pregretv.—Tokno

wwhatyou’reabouttodoiswrong,wrong,wrongwhilealsoknowingyouwilldoitanyway.unlightenv.—Tolearnsomethingthatmakesyoudumber.50.Ac

cordingtothewriter,“worderfuls”refertowords________.A.thatarecollectedbyonlinedictionariesB.thatalreadyexistbuthaveanewm

eaningC.thataremadeuptomatchcertainmeaningsD.thathavebeenincludedinMerriam-Webster51.Whichofthefollowingwor

dscanbeillustratedbythepicturebelow?A.blamestormingB.chairdrobeC.chipteaseD.errorist52.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestf

itstheblankinthesentence:Sinceyou________togoabroad,whyonearthdoyouchoosetogotoFrance?A.cellfishB.nonversationC.

pregretD.unlighten【答案】50.C51.B52.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了从众包在线词典urbandictionary.com上挑出来的或作者自己创造的一些词。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Butsurelywecanseiz

euponameaningandthencreateawordtomatchit.Thefollowingwords-someculledfromthecrowdsourcedonlinedictionaryurbandicti

onary.comandothersI’veconcoctedmyself-don’texistaccordingtoMerriam-Webster...butshould.Icallthem“worderf

uls”.(但我们当然可以抓住一个意思，然后创造一个与之匹配的词。下面这些词，有些是从众包在线词典urbandictionary.com上挑出来的，有些是我自己编造的，但韦氏词典上并不存在这些词。但应该。我称他们为“worderfuls”。)”可知，worderfuls指的

是为了配合特定的意思而编造出来的词，故选C。【51题详解】推理判断题。观察图片可知，图中有很多衣服放在椅子上，根据文中的“chairdroben.—Achaironwhichonepilesclothesthatbelonginthecloset.(chairdrobe，名词——衣橱里的

衣服可以堆放在上面的椅子)”可知，这幅图可以阐明chairdrobe这个词，故选B。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据题中的“goabroad,whyonearthdoyouchoosetogotoFrance(出国，你究竟为什么选择去法国呢)”可知，题干中前半句的意思是“既然你知

道去国外是错误的”，因此空格处意为“知道是错误的却无论如何还要去做”，再根据文中的“pregretv.—Toknowwhatyou’reabouttodoiswrong,wrong,wrongwhilealsoknowi

ngyouwilldoitanyway(pregret，动词——知道你将要做的事情是错误的，错误的，错误的，同时也知道你无论如何都会去做)”可知，空格处用pregret，故选C。(C)AtClevelandBridge,inBath,alonglineoftrafficisbuildingu

p.AlthoughtheGeorgianstructurewaspraisedforitshandsomeGreekRevivalstylebyNikolausPevsner,anarchitecturalmaster,it

wasbuiltforhorses,notcars.Repairswillclosethebridgeforseveralmonths,causingbiggerjamsandmorepollutioninacitywhereairqualityisalread

yacauseofconcern.Bathisanextremeexampleofatradeofffacedbymuchofthecountry.BritainhastheoldesthousingstockinEurop

e,withoneinfivehomesmorethan100yearsold.Periodfeaturesareprizedandoftenprotectedbylaw.Yetaseffortstocutcarbonemissionsintensify,the

yareclashingwithattemptstopreserveheritage.Itisa“delicatebalance”saysWeraHobhouse,Bath’sMP“Whatisthepublicbenefitofdealingwiththeclimateemergency,

versusprotectingaheritageasset?”Twoyearsago,BathwasamongthefirstBritishcitiestodeclarea“climateemergency”whenitalsop

romised的togocarbon-neutralby2030.YetBathalsowants-andislegallyrequiredtopreserveitsheritage.WithRomanremainsandGeorgianstreetsthats

preadacrosstheAvonValleyinshadesofhoneyandbutter,thecityisdesignatedaworldheritagesitebyUNESCO.About60%o

fitisfurtherprotectedbythegovernmentasaconservationarea,morethan5.000ofBath’sbuildings-nearly10%ofthetotal-arelistedasbeingofspeci

alarchitecturalorhistoricalinterest,makingitacriminaloffencetoalterthemwithoutpermission.ManyofthefeaturesthatmakeBath’sGeorgianbuil

dingssodelicatealsomakethemleaky.Buildingsoftraditionalconstructionmakeup30%ofBath’shousingstockbutaccountfor40%ofdomesticcarbonemissions

,accordingtotheCentreforSustainableEnergy,acharity.BritishhomesareratedforenergyefficiencyonascalefromAtoG;mosttraditionalbuild

ingsinthecityareanForG.Transportisanotherareawhereclimateandheritageclash.Bath’s17t-centurystreetslackroomforbikelan

es.JoannaWrightwasrecentlybootedoutofherroleasBath’sclimatechiefafterproposingthatNorthRoad,whichleadstotheuniversi

ty,shouldbeclosedtotraffic.Intwoyearsshewasunabletoinstallanyon-streetelectric-vehiclechargingpoints,partlybecauseo

fthe“nightmare"ofgettingpermissiontodigupoldpavements.Allthismeansgoingcarbonneutralby2030lookshard,butthe

cityisatleastbeginningtomakecompromises.InMarchitlaunchedthefirst“clean-airzone”outsideLondon,chargingdriverstoentercentralBath.Atrialhasmade160elec

tricmotoreyclesavailabletohire.Andlocalopinionseemstobeshiftinginfavourofsustainability.“Thediscussionhasmoveddramaticallytowardsconsid

eringtheclimateemergency,”saysMs.Hobhouse.53.WhatproblemdoesBathface?A.Itisgettingmoreandmorecrowdedduetotherepairsthatareun

derway.B.Itshistoricalsignificancemakesithardtoreformitintoaneco-friendlycity.C.Itrefusestoadmitthattheclimateemergencyisalreadyacau

seofconcern.D.Itspromisetogocarbon-neutralby2030winsnosupportfromthecityresidents.54.Thepercentagement

ionedintheunderlinedsentence(paragraph4)isintendedto_________.A.questionthevalidityoftheA-GscaleB.highlightt

helonghistoryofBath’sbuildingsC.emphasizethebuildingsarenotenergyefficientD.illustratethefeaturesthatBath’

sbuildingsshare55.Itcanbeinferredfromparagraph5thatJoannaWright_________.A.failedtoperformherdutieswellB.managedtodigupsomeoldpavementsC.suc

ceededinbuildingbikelanesinBathD.removedchargingpointsfromBath’sstreets56.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Wer

aHobhousedoesn’tcaremuchaboutthepublicbenefit.B.TraditionalbuildingsinBatharenotaccessibletotouristsnow.C.LocalpeopleinBathusedtofavourh

eritageoversustainability.D.Bathhasbeenleadingthewayinconstructingacarbon-neutralcity.【答案】53.A54.C55.A56.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了巴斯的历史建筑遗产与

气候之间产生冲突，在保护遗产资源的同时，应采取方法应对气候的紧急情况。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Repairswillclosethebridgeforseveralmonths,causingbiggerjamsandmorepollutioninacitywhereairqu

alityisalreadyacauseofconcern.(修复工作将使大桥关闭数月，在这个空气质量已经令人担忧的城市造成更大的堵塞和更多的污染)”可知，巴斯现在面临的问题是由于正在进行的维修，它变得越来越拥挤了。故选A项。【54题详解】推

理判断题。根据第四段“ManyofthefeaturesthatmakeBath’sGeorgianbuildingssodelicatealsomakethemleaky.Buildingsoftr

aditionalconstructionmakeup30%ofBath’shousingstockbutaccountfor40%ofdomesticcarbonemissions,accordin

gtotheCentreforSustainableEnergy,acharity.(巴斯格鲁吉亚建筑的许多特点使其如此精致，也使其存在漏洞。根据一个慈善机构，可持续能源中心的数据，传统建筑占巴斯住房存量的30%，但占国内碳排放量的40%

)”可知，传统建筑只占总住房存量的30%，但是碳排放量却高达40%，句中的百分比被提及的目的是为了强调传统建筑不节能。故选C项。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“Bath’s17t-centurystreet

slackroomforbikelanes.JoannaWrightwasrecentlybootedoutofherroleasBath’sclimatechiefafterproposingthatNorthRoad,whic

hleadstotheuniversity,shouldbeclosedtotraffic.Intwoyearsshewasunabletoinstallanyon-streetelectric-vehiclec

hargingpoints,partlybecauseofthe“nightmare”ofgettingpermissiontodigupoldpavements.(巴斯17世纪的街道没有自行车道。乔安娜·赖特最近被解除了巴斯大学气候

主管的职务，因为她提议，通往该大学的北路应该禁止交通。两年内，她无法在街上安装任何电动汽车充电点，部分原因是获得挖掘旧路面的许可的“噩梦”)”可知，乔安娜·赖特无法获得挖掘旧路面的许可，未能成功挖掘旧的人行道，未提及她成功修建自行车道，她无法在街上安装电动汽车充电点，

自然也就不能从街道上拆除充电点，所以B，C，D三项错误，乔安娜·赖特没能解决相关问题，不能改善气候，可推测乔安娜·赖特未能很好地履行职责。故选A项。【56题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Twoyearsago,BathwasamongthefirstBriti

shcitiestodeclarea“climateemergency”whenitalsopromisedtogocarbon-neutralby2030.(两年前，巴斯是首批宣布“气候紧急状态”的英国城市之一，当时它还承诺到2030年实现碳中和)”以

及最后一段“Allthismeansgoingcarbonneutralby2030lookshard,butthecityisatleastbeginningtomakecompromises.(所有这一切意

味着到2030年实现碳中和的看起来很难，但这座城市至少开始做出妥协)”可知，巴斯在建设碳中和城市方面一直处于领先地位。故选D项。SectionCDirections:Completethefollowing

passagebyusingthesentencesgivenbelow.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.NotethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneedTheHar

destNovelI’veEverReadForthelastthreemonths,Ihaveglaredatitsfatheavyformonmyfloorwithavaguesenseofpersonalfailure.IhaveopenedUlyssest

wice,determinedtofinishit,andmanagedtogetallthewaytopage46.IhavereadsolittlebothtimesthatIhaveneverbotheredusingabookmark.____

57____Ilikethecommunitythisbookhascreated,itsinherentsenseoffreedomandcelebrationofallthingsrudeandtrue.

Ilikethatthestyleandlanguageallowforreaderstochoosehowtheyreadit—somerecommendskippingchapterthree,otherssuggestreadingitonlyafterread

ingABOUTitbutIstillgetstuck.WhydoIgetstuck?____58____Onthe“MostDifficultNovels”listontheGoodreadswebsite,Joycetakesthetoptwospots,withUlyss

esrankingfirstandFinnegansWakefollowingit.Ithinkwhatisrestrictingmetopage46isthelanguage:thebigfatburs

tofChaucerianEnglishwithslangandjauntydialoguethat,whileentertainingme,isalsoleavingmealittlelost.Thereareafewoth

er“worthy”worksofliteratureIhaveyettoread,includingInfiniteJestandWarandPeace.____59____IreallywanttoloveUlysses.Ifeeldeeplyfr

ustratedthatIcan’tfinishit,allthewhileappreciatingitsuniqueness,weightinessandspecial“Joyceness.”TheEnglishwriterVirginiaWoolfthoughtUlysseswasnons

enseasshecomplainedinherdiariesaboutthepressuretofinishreadingit.Bycontrast,VladimirNabokov,theauthorwhowroteLo

litaexpresseddeeploveforit.____60____Ihavereaditsimilartoalongmarriage(somethingunpleasant,bigrewardattheend),modernJazz-fusion(aninno

vativegenre)andboxingmatchwithoneself(wantingtopunchyourselfintheface),whichishowIfeltbypage46.Somepeo

pleloveUlysses,sowhereamIgettingwrong?MyultimatehopeisthatthestrugglewillbeworththeeffortandIcanproceedvictoriousontopage800orso,

onmythirdfourth,eighteenthtry.SomethingtellsmeIwillgetthereintheend.A.I’mnotentirelysuremyselfB.Alotofthemareweightytomes(巨著),butIlikebigbooksC.Its

eemsthatreadingUlyssesisabigdifferentexperienceforeveryone.D.Evenwhenstaringatpageswithoutabsorbingaword,Ithoughtnicethoughtsab

outitE.They,however,onlycausemeaslightsenseofshamethatIhavenotreadorenjoyedthemF.Ihavebeenamusedandcharmedbythefirsttwoorthreechapters

,andthenpuzzledandbored.【答案】57.F58.A59.E60.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了作者在读《尤利西斯》时遇到问题并分析原因。【57题详解】上文“IhaveopenedUlyssestwice,determin

edtofinishit,andmanagedtogetallthewaytopage46.IhavereadsolittlebothtimesthatIhaveneverbotheredusingabookmark.(我把《尤利西斯》翻了两遍，决心读完它，终于翻到了46页。这两次我都读得很少，

以至于我都懒得用书签)”中作者提到读《尤利西斯》，并终于读到了第46页，F项“Ihavebeenamusedandcharmedbythefirsttwoorthreechapters,andthenpuzzledandbored.(我被前两三章逗乐和迷住，然后

感到困惑和无聊)”继续讲述阅读的过程和感受，同时提出阅读中遇到的问题：困惑和无聊，下文“somerecommendskippingchapterthree,otherssuggestreadingitonlyafterreadingABOUTit

butIstillgetstuck.(一些人建议跳过第三章，其他人建议在阅读了它之后再阅读，但我仍然卡在其中)”进一步指出问题的关键是“第三章”，并给出一些解决该问题的建议，F项符合上下文连贯。故选F项。【58题详解】上文“WhydoIgetstuck?(为什么我被卡住了?)”提出问题

，C项“I’mnotentirelysuremyself.(我自己也不太确定)”作者作出回答：自己也不太确定，同时，下文“Ithinkwhatisrestrictingmetopage46isthelanguage:thebigfatburstof

ChaucerianEnglishwithslangandjauntydialoguethat,whileentertainingme,isalsoleavingmealittlelost.(我认为把

我限制在第46页的是语言：大量的乔叟式英语、俚语和欢快的对话，使我感到有趣，但也使我有点迷失)”给出了作者认为可能的原因，符合上下文连贯。故选A项。【59题详解】上文“Thereareafewother‘worthy’worksofliteratureI

haveyettoread,includingInfiniteJestandWarandPeace.(还有一些其他‘有价值’的文学作品我还没有读过，包括《无限的玩笑》和《战争与和平》)”讲作者还未读的‘有价值’的其它文学作

品，E项“They,however,onlycausemeaslightsenseofshamethatIhavenotreadorenjoyedthem.(然而，没有读过或喜欢它们只是使我略感羞愧)”承接

上文讲没有读它们给作者带来的影响：只是使我略感羞愧，进而引出下文作者表达对《尤利西斯》的真正喜欢：“IreallywanttoloveUlysses.(我真的很想去爱《尤利西斯》)”，符合上下文连贯。故选E项

。【60题详解】上文“TheEnglishwriterVirginiaWoolfthoughtUlysseswasnonsenseasshecomplainedinherdiariesaboutthepressuretofini

shreadingit.Bycontrast,VladimirNabokov,theauthorwhowroteLolitaexpresseddeeploveforit.(英国作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫认为《尤利西斯》是无稽之谈，她在日记中抱怨读

完它的压力太大。相比之下，《洛丽塔》的作者弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫对它表达了深深的喜爱)”讲英国作家弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫和《洛丽塔》的作者弗拉基米尔·纳博科夫在读《尤利西斯》的不同体验，C项“ItseemsthatreadingUlyssesisabigdifferente

xperienceforeveryone.(看来阅读《尤利西斯》对每个人来说都是一种不同的体验)”是对上文内容的总结，同时引出下文作者对自己阅读体验的描述，符合上下文连贯。故选C项。IV.SummaryWriting61.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.S

ummarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.Th

edangersofsafetyTravellingbyroadiswidelyacceptedasbeingthemostdangerouswaytotravelwithfarmoredeathsperkilometerthanrail,seaorair.Inf

act,whileroadtrafficinjuriesrepresentabout25%ofworldwideinjury-relateddeaths,deathsontheroadintheUKhavebeendecreasingforsometime.Wetakealookatwhythen

umberisdecreasing,butwhyitseemsimpossibletoavoiddeathscompletely.Overtheyears,differentmethodsofreducingthenumberofcrasheshavebee

ntried.TheLocomotiveandHighwaysActof1865introducedtheideaofspeedlimitstothemotoringworld.Sincethen,moreandmorewaysofcontrollingthebehaviourof

drivershavebeenintroducedsuchasone-waystreetsandtrafficsignalsaswellascompulsorydrivertestingandlicensing.These

days,therearemanymoremethodsofenforcement,includingspeedcamerasandfinesforbreakingmotorlaws.Anothersolutionistomakecarsth

emselvessaferincaseofanaccident.Thismeansthemainfocushasbeenonpassivesafetyorcrashsurvivalratherthanactivesafetyoravoidingcrashes.Thereareman

yinnovationsbymotormanufacturerswhichhavemadecarssafer,suchasseatbelts,anti-lockbrakesandairbags.Theseimprovementsha

vetendedtomakethedriverfeelmoreincontrolandisolatedhim/herfromthefast-movinganddangerousenvironmentoutsidethecar.Itseemsstrange

thatasimprovementshavebeenmadethenumberof,crashescontinuestoincrease.Actually,itiswrongtotalkaboutsafeanddanger

ouscarsinthisway.Thekeytothisproblemisnotactuallythecar,butthedriver.Infact,makingdriversfeelsaferisnotthesolutio

ntotheproblem,butitisthecauseoftheproblem.Asdriversfeelsafer,itencouragesthemtodriveaggressivelyandtoignoreotherroadusersandtherefore

increasesthenumberofcrashes___________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DeathsontheroadintheUKhav

ebeendecreasing.Thereasonisthatdifferentmethodsofreducingthenumberofcrasheshavebeentried.Lotsoflawshavebeenimplementedtocontroldrivers

’behaviors;meanwhile,solutionswerealsoadoptedtomakecarssafer.However,thekeytoreducingdeathsontheroadisnot

thecar,butthedriver.【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章分析了英国道路死亡人数减少的原因和造成死亡的关键因素。【详解】1.要点摘录①Infact,whileroadtrafficinjurie

srepresentabout25%ofworldwideinjury-relateddeaths,deathsontheroadintheUKhavebeendecreasingforsometime.Wetakealookatwhythenumberisdec

reasing,butwhyitseemsimpossibletoavoiddeathscompletely.②Overtheyears,differentmethodsofreducingthenumberofcrasheshavebeentried.③

TheLocomotiveandHighwaysActof1865introducedtheideaofspeedlimitstothemotoringworld.Sincethen,moreandmorewaysofcontrollingthebehaviourofdrivershavebeen

introducedsuchasone-waystreetsandtrafficsignals.aswellascompulsorydrivertestingandlicensing.④Anothersolutionistomakecarsthemselvessafe

rincaseofanaccident.⑤Actually,itiswrongtotalkaboutsafeanddangerouscarsinthisway.Thekeytothisproblemisnotactuallythe

car,butthedriver.2.缜密构思将第①个要点进行重组作为导入，将第②个要点进行重组作为总说，将第③、④两个要点进行整合，将第⑤进行重组。3.遣词造句DeathsontheroadintheUKhavebeendecreasingThereasonisdifferent

methodsofreducingthenumberofcrasheshavebeentried.Lotsoflawshavebeenimplementedtocontroldrivers’behaviors;meanwhile,solutionswerealsoadoptedtomake

carssafer.However,thekeytoreducingdeathsontheroadisnotthecar,butthedriver.【点睛】[高分句型1]:Thereasonisthatdifferentmethodsofreducingthenumberofcrasheshave

beentried.运用省略that的表语从句对原文进行概括。[高分句型2]:Lotsoflawshavebeenimplementedtocontroldrivers’behaviors;meanwhile,solutions

werealsoadoptedtomakecarssafer.运用动词不定式作目的状语；对第③、④进行整合。V.TranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishusingthewordsgiveninthebr

ackets62.我最关心的是日常必需品是否能买到，而不是它们质量怎么好。(concern)（汉译英）【答案】Whatconcernsmemostisnothowgoodthedailynecessitiesarebuttheavailabilityofthem.

【解析】【详解】考查时态和主语从句。分析句意可知，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，“我最关心的是”用what引导的主语从句，是whatconcernsmemost，“日常必需品”是thedailynece

ssities，“日常必需品（他们）是否能买到”用theavailabilityofthem，“而不是”用not，“它们质量怎么好”是howgoodthedailynecessitiesare，因此整句话翻译为“Whatconcernsmemosti

snothowgoodthedailynecessitiesarebuttheavailabilityofthem”，故答案为Whatconcernsmemostisnothowgoodthedailynecessitiesarebuttheavailabi

lityofthem.63.我很感激志愿者们在疫情期间为确保小区稳定运转所做的努力。(appreciate)（汉译英）【答案】Iappreciatethevolunteers’effortstoensurethestableoperationofthec

ommunityduringthepandemic.【解析】【详解】考查时态、名词和不定式。根据提示，本句为一般现在时，表示“感激”应用动词appreciate，充当该句谓语；表示“志愿者们所做的努力”的

表达为volunteers’efforts，充当宾语，其中名词所有格volunteers’修饰名词efforts；表示“确保”应用动词ensure，此处应用不定式toensure充当efforts的定语；表示“稳定”应用形容词st

able，充当定语，修饰operation，operation即“运转”；表示“小区”应用名词community，前面加上of，作operation的后置定语；表示“在疫情期间”应用短语duringthepandemic。故翻译为：Iappr

eciatethevolunteers’effortstoensurethestableoperationofthecommunityduringthepandemic..64.直到这个网红被罚以巨款，我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品。(Notunt

il)（汉译英）【答案】Notuntilthisonlinecelebritywasfinedahugesumofmoneydidwerealizethathermainwaytomakemoneywastopromoteproductsonsocialmedia.【解析】【详解】考查部分

倒装和宾语从句。表示“直到……才……”句型为notuntil…that…，位于句首应用部分倒装；表示“网红被罚以巨款”翻译为thisonlinecelebritywasfinedahugesumofmone

y；表示“我们才意识到她的主要获利途径就是在社交媒体上推销商品”翻译为werealizethathermainwaytomakemoneywastopromoteproductsonsocialmedia。句子应用一般过去时。故翻译为Notuntilthisonlinecelebrit

ywasfinedahugesumofmoneydidwerealizethathermainwaytomakemoneywastopromoteproductsonsocialmedia.65.这一半个世纪前发现的历史遗迹分布范围达50平方公里，统一规划，布局有序，建

筑宏伟。(cover)（汉译英）【答案】Thishistoricsite,whichwasdiscoveredhalfacenturyago,coversanareaof50squarekilometers,withunifiedplanni

ng,orderlayoutandmagnificentarchitecture.【解析】【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词和时态。historicsite历史遗迹；coveranareaof...占地面积为……；unifiedplanning统一规划；

orderlayout布局有序；magnificentarchitecture建筑宏伟。根据句意可知，句子主干是一个主谓宾结构，主句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，即Thishistoricsitecoversanareaof50squarekilometer

s；句中可以使用一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为historicsite，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。根据时间状语halfacenturyago可知，用一般过去时，即whichwasdiscoveredhalfacenturyago；之后用with的介宾短语。根据句意，故

翻译为Thishistoricsite,whichwasdiscoveredhalfacenturyago,coversanareaof50squarekilometers,withunifiedplanning,orderlayoutandmagnificentarchite

cture.VI.GuidedWriting66.Directions:WriteanEnglishcompositionin120-150wordsaccordingtotheinstructionsgivenbe

low.假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，你所参加的影评社团计划恢复一周一次的讨论会，社团负责人希望就会议采取线上还是线下的形式听取成员的意见。写一封邮件给负责人，在邮件中，你必须:1)明确给出你的选择（

从两者中选择其一）2)详细说明你的理由。【答案】DearSir/Madam,Asfortheweeklyseminar,Ithinkwe’dbetterhaveitonline.Firstofall,astheCOVID-19situationisst

illserious,holdingonlineseminarswillhelptokeepourmembershealthybyreducingthenumberofpeoplegatheringan

dthechancesoffeelingcoronavirusinfection.Secondly,duetothedevelopednetwork,theeffectofonlinediscussio

nisnotworsethanthatofofflinediscussion.WecanuseTencentConferenceorDingdingtoholdadiscussion.Thesesoftwarescanensurethat

manypeoplediscusstogether.Asinofflinediscussions,memberscanexpresstheiropinions.Thirdly,onlinediscussioncansavethetimeformemberstotraveltoandfromsc

hoolandsavethecostoftransportation.Ihopemyopinionwillbeaccepted.Yours,LiMing【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给影评社团写封邮件，就一周一次的讨论会应该采取线上

还是线下的形式提出意见。【详解】1.词汇积累严重的：serious→severe健康的：healthy→fit保证：ensure→guarantee因为：dueto→owingto2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Asinofflinediscussions,

memberscanexpresstheiropinions.拓展句：Memberscanexpresstheiropinions,whicharethesameinofflinediscussions.【点睛】[高分句型1]Firstofall,astheCOVID-1

9situationisstillserious,holdingonlineseminarswillhelptokeepourmembershealthybyreducingthenumberofpeoplegatheringandthechancesoffeelingcorona

virusinfection.(运用了as引导的原因状语从句)[高分句型2]Thesesoftwarescanensurethatmanypeoplediscusstogether.(运用了that引导的宾语从句)获得

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