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易错点16阅读理解词义猜测题目录01易错陷阱（3大陷阱）02举一反三【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点03易错题通关易错陷阱1

：词义/词组指代易混易错点。【分析】这类题错误主要因为基础词汇量积累和词根词缀积累不足，根据构词法猜词是阅读理解必不可少的能力。平时应当大量积累单词，同时利用前后的同位关系或后面的词义或句意进行猜测。易错陷阱2：代词

指代猜测易混易错点。【分析】阅读材料中的每个词与它前面的词语或句子甚至段落都有着密切的关联。有时代词与指代的对象相隔较远，应当对前面提到的内容进行总结，认真查找，才能得出代词所指代的事。易错陷阱3：句意猜测易混易错点。【分析】此类题型应当定位画线句子，充分利用语法和逻辑关系分析

原句。同时分析理解画线句前后的语境，合理归纳总结找出与原句意思相同的选项并代入画线处验证。切不可因为句中出现熟词，而脱离语境，望文生义。【易错点提醒一】词义/词组指代易混易错点【例1】（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三阶段试题）Sheprogrammedan

IBM7030Stretchcomputer,providingfastercalculationsforanaccurateEarthmodel.ThisdetailedmathematicalmodeloftheshapeoftheEarthw

asabuildingblockforwhatwouldbecometheGPSorbit.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“abuildingblock”inparagraph5mean?A．Abasicpart.B．Adetailedmap.C．Abuild

ingmaterial.D．Amajorobstacle.【变式1】（吉林省长春市第二实验中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot”hearshigh-qualitysoun

d.Butasonegelsfartherfromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’

ssound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Becomeslower.B．Travelsfaster.C．Getssweeter.D．Sound

snicer.【变式2】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）Actually,untilherpregnancyQuarleshadbeenlivingatbreakneckspeed.Itwent

sountillastyear.“Iwasexhausted,”shesays.“I’dbeenworkingthreejobs,doingmycharityandgoingnonstop.Iwasafraidmymentalhealthwasgettingworse.”

......Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“breakneck”underlinedinparagraph2?A．Safeandslow.B．Fastanddangerous.C．Excitingandterrifying.D．Gentle

andcomfortable.【变式3】（广东省揭阳市普宁市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Inearly2021,Ihitarutinmystudies.AsadoctoralcandidateattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois,Iworke

dtodesignsafer,moreeffectivematerialsforvaccinedelivery.AlthoughIhadbeenproductiveearlyinmygraduatecareer,mylonghoursandhardworkwerenolongertran

slatingintosuccessinthelaboratory,andIfelthopelessaboutachievingmygoals.Somethinghadtochange.......Whatdoestheu

nderlinedpart“hitarut”inparagraph1mean?A．Stoppedprogressingsmoothly.B．Hadveryslowreactions.C．Acceptedh

ardwork’svalue.D．Overcameabigproblem.【易错点提醒二】代词指代猜测易混易错点【例2】（安徽省皖江名校联盟2023年高三联考）Thecreatorsofthewallhopeitwillbrin

ganurgentlyneededsolutiontothethreatsfacingtheAfricancontinent,creating10millionjobsinruralareas,aswellaspreventing250milliontonsofcarbon.Theinitia

tiveisAfrica-driven,whichforthoseonthecontinent,isvital,andmayholdthekeytosuccess.“TheGreatGreenWall…isaboutownership,andthathasbeent

hefailureofdevelopmentaidbecausepeoplewereneveridentifiedwithit,”saidElvisPaulTangam,AfricanUnionCommissionerfortheSaharaa

ndSahelGreatGreenWallInitiative.“Butthistimetheyidentify.Thisistheverythingofus!”Whatdoes“us”underlinedinParagraph3referto?A．AfricanUnions.B．Alla

dvocates.C．Landowners.D．AllAfricans.【变式2】（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）RegulatorylimitsforhowmuchPFASfoodpackagingshouldcontaincanvarygre

atly.Forinstance,anewlawinCaliforniasetthelimitatlessthan100ppm.“ComparedtoAmerica,Denmarksetsamuchlowerregulatorylimitof20ppm

withgreatsuccess,”saidXeniaTrier,anexpertattheEuropeanEnvironmentAgency.“Itdoesworktosetlimitsandenforceth

em.PFASdomigratefromthepaperintothefood.Eventhoughitwasnot100%,westillsawconsiderabletransmission.Ingeneral,tran

smissionfrompackagingtofoodisincreasedasthetemperatureofthefoodrises.Itisthesamewiththetimespentinwrappingmaterials.”TriertoldNBS,oneo

fthemajorAmericanmass-mediacompanies.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”refertoinparagraph4?A．Considerablemigrationofg

reaseandwater.B．PFAStransmissionfrompackagingtofood.C．Wrapperexposuretohighfoodtemperature.D．Regulatory

limitsconcerningfoodpackaging.【变式3】（2023年全国高三专项练习）Attheendofeachday,theparticipantsshowedhighactivityinabrainareacalledthemidbra

in.Thescientistswereinterestedintwo,smallareaswithinit.Bothareasproducedopamine,achemicalthatisimportantincravingandrewards.Thetwoareasactivatedw

henhungryparticipantssawpicturesoftastypizzaorjuicyhamburgers.Afterthevolunteershadbeenisolated,those

brainareasbecameactivewhentheysawsocialactivitiestheymissed.Itmightbeplayingsportsorchattingwithfriends.......Whatdoestheund

erlined“it”inparagraph3referto?A．Amidbrainarea.B．Asocialactivity.C．Avolunteer.D．Ahamburger.【易错点提醒三】句意猜测易混易错点【例3】

（山东省曲阜师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年质量检测）Realrichesconsistofwell-developedandheartycapacities(能力)toenjoylife.Mostpeoplear

ealreadyswamped(淹没)withthings.Theyeat,wear,goandtalktoomuch.Theyliveintoobigahousewithtoomanyrooms,yettheirhouseofli

feisahut.......Theunderlinedsentenceinthesecondparagraphprobablyimpliesthat______.A．howevermateriallyrich,theyneverseemtobes

atisfiedB．howevermateriallyrich,theyremainspirituallypoorC．thoughtheirhouseisbig,theypreferasimplelifeD．thoughtheirh

ouseisbig,itseemstobeacage【变式1】（浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三适应性试题）Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentr

acksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimes

thaninthe15yearscombinedandI’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.......Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying“I’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.”?A

．Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills.B．Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.C．Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter.D．Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforeve

r.【变式2】（2022年全国高三专练）Whenyouneedajobverymuch,youmayenduptakingOfcourse,youmayseektasksandresponsibilitiesthat

forceyoutolearnsomethingnewortoworkharder.“Youmaybeoperatingonautopilot（习惯性地）rightnow,butchancesarethatpeopl

eaboveyouarestressed,”SarahHathornsays.“Takethingsoffyourboss’splateandlethimknowwhichprojectsortasksyouwanttolearnmoreabout.”......Theunderlinedword

s“takethingsoffyourboss’splate”mean______.A．drawyourboss’sattentionB．shareyourboss’sburdensC．giveyourbossus

efuladviceD．askyourbossforabetterposition【变式3】（2022·湖北孝感高三模拟）AssoonasIstartedpedalingagain,mypantsgotcaughtinthechain,andIfellflatonmyfaceandhitmynos

e.Sincethathappenedtmygranddaddecidedtocallitadayandtryagainthenextmorning.ThenextmorningIwokeupbrig

htandearly,andwasveryeagertotrytoridemybike.Mynosefeltbetter,soIwasn’tthatafraidoffallinganymore.......Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinthepassagemean?

A．Rememberwhathappenedthisday.B．Maketheauthorfeelhappy.C．Stoppracticingbicycling.D．Goontorideabike.1.（2023年全国甲卷）TerriBoltonisadabhandwhenitcomest

oDIY(do-it-yourself).Skilledatputtingupshelvesandpiecingtogetherfurniture,sheneverpayssomeoneelsetodoajobshecandoherself.......Whi

chisclosestinmeaningto“adabhand”inparagraph1?A．Anartist.B．Awinner.C．Aspecialist.D．Apioneer.2.（2023年全国

乙卷）Inadditiontotheproblemofmiscomprehensionfrombothsides,therearevictoriesaccidentallyordeliberatelytwisted,especiallywhenonlythevictorsk

nowhowtowrite.Thosewhoareonthelosingsideoftenhaveonlytheirthingstotelltheirstories.TheCaribbeanTaino,theAustralianAboriginals,theAfricanpeopleofB

eninandtheIncas,allofwhomappearinthisbook,canspeaktousnowoftheirpastachievementsmostpowerfullythroughtheobjectstheymade:ahistorytoldthroughthingsgi

vesthembackavoice.Whenweconsidercontact(联系)betweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfi

rst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.Ifwearetofindtheotherhalfofthatconversation,wehavetor

eadnotjustthetexts,buttheobjects.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“conversation”inparagraph3referto?A.Problem.B.History.C.Voice.D.Societ

y.3.（2022年新高考I卷）......WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Res

identsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfunth

eprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourre

sidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?

A．Improve.B．Oppose.C．Begin.D．Evaluate4.（湖北省部分学校2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Usingfirst-of-their-kindobservationsf

romtheJamesWebbSpaceTelescope.aUniversityofMinnesotaTwinCities-ledteamlookedmorethan13billionyearsintothepasttodiscoveraunique,mi

nusculegalaxycluster(星系团)thatgeneratednewstarsatanextremelyhighrateforitssize.Thegalaxyisoneofthesmallesteverdiscovere

datthisdistance—around500millionyearsaftertheBigBang—andcouldhelpastronomerslearnmoreaboutgalaxiesthatwerepresentshortlyaftertheuniversecameintoexis

tence.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minuscule”inparagraphlmean?A．Extremelysmall.B．Remarkablydark.C．Especi

allyremote.D．Quitecomplicated.5.（贵州省六盘水市2023-2024学年高三诊断性检测题）ButOreosdon’tattractyouwithtastealone;scentshaveahugeimpactontheeatingexperienc

e.WhenyoubiteintoanOreo,chemicalsinthecookiereleaseodorantsintotheairinsideyourmouth.Thesescentsflowtoyournasalcavity(鼻腔),wheretheyinteractwithsmel

lreceptors(感受器)andenteryourbrain’sdecoding(解码)process.Yourbrainislikelytofindthosesmellsdelightful,saysCharlesSpence,aprofessorofexperimental

psychologyattheUK’sUniversityofOxford.Spencesayschocolateandvanillaaretwooftheworld’smostlikedsmells.

......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inthefourthparagraphreferto?A．Chocolates.B．Chemicals.C．Cookies.D．Scents.6.（福建省厦门集美中学2023-2024学年高三10月试卷）“L

et’stakeabreak,”partwaythroughthemeeting,mybossstood,saying.“Ineedmorecoffee.”Ipickedupmyemptycup.“Ido,too,

”Isaid,andhandedittohimacrossthetable.“Thanks,”Iadded,lookingathimexpectantly.Thebosswasstaggeredforamoment,andthentookthecupfrom

me.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggered”meaninthesixthparagraph?A．Amused.B．Shocked.C．Depressed.D．Excited.7.（

安徽省合肥市第一中学2023-2024学年高三质检试题）Ifthetestisalreadyset,thebestwaytoprepareforitiswithabatteryofactivitiest

hatmostcloselylooklikethetestitself.AndsoastheBigStandardizedTestshavespread,publishershavecrankedoutvarietiesofcoachingworkb

ooksthatareallcollectionsofshortexcerptsaccompaniedbyasetofmultiplechoicequestions.Insteadofteachingstudentshowtoreadawholebook,weteachthemhowtotake

astandardizedtest.......Whichofthefollowingcanreplacethephrase“crankedout”inparagraph4?A．chargedB．canceledC．

changedD．Produced8.(福建省政和县第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题)Bennett,57,heldonthrough60tomorrows,farlongerthananypreviouspatientwho’dreceivedahea

rtfromanotherspecies.Hisremarkablerunofferednewhopethatsuchprocedures,knownasxenotransplantation(异种移植),couldhelp

relievetheshortageofreplacementorgans,savingthousandsofliveseachyear.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“run”inparagraph2referto?A．Donatinghisheartt

oapatient.B．Performingtheheartoperation.C．Livingfor60daysaftertheoperation.D．Receivinganewheartfromapig.9.（福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）Sincet

herewasusuallynotenoughtimeforabystanderpigtobecomeinvolvedintheheatofaconflict,thoughthisdidoccur,DrNorscial

ookedatwhathappenedinthethreeminutesimmediatelyfollowingafight.Sometimes,hefound,thefightersreconciledwith

eachotherontheirown.Themoredistantlyrelatedthefighterswere,themorefrequentlythishappened.DrNorsciaguessedthatrelation

sbetweencloserelativesaremoresecuretostartwith,sorebuildingfriendlyrelationsrapidlyislessnecessaryforthem.......Wh

atdoestheunderlinedword“reconciled”probablymeaninparagraph4?A．Caughtup.B．Keptintouch.C．Madeup.D．Changedintune.10.（福建省龙岩第一中学2023-2

024学年高三试题）Afterrescuingthelonelyanimal,SamandVerafounditextremelyemotionaltohavetoreleaseherbackoutintothewildtofendforherself—eventhoughtheyknewitwa

stherightthingtodo.Butafterhavingsuchastrongbondwithananimal,itwasreallydifficulttoseehergo.Theyhadputsomuchtime,effortandenergyintoraisingherbutt

oseeherwalkinginaherdofblesboksmadeitallworthwhile.......Whichwordcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“fend”inthelastparagraph?A．Look.B

．Care.C．Search.D．Hunt.11.（河北省衡水市第二中学2023-2024学年高三9月检测试题）Inthestudy,theresearcherssoughttounderstandhowthebrainusesthisfollowinginformationtoadjust

ourperceptionofwhatweinitiallyheard.Todothis,theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsinwhichthesubjectslistenedtoisolatedsyllablesandsimila

rlysoundingwords.Theirresultsproducedthreeprimaryfindings:Thebrain’sprimaryauditorycortex(听觉皮层)issensitivetohowa

mbiguousaspeechsoundisatjust50millisecondsafterthesound’sappearance.Thebrain“replays”previousspeechsoundswhileinterpretingthefollowingones,suggesti

ngre-evaluationastherestofthewordunfolds.Thebrainmakescommitmentstoits“bestguess”ofhowtointerpretthesignalafterabouthalfasecond.......Whatdoe

stheunderlinedpart“thesignal”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Thepreviousspeechsound.B．Thesimilarlysoundingword.C．Theunclearlysoundingword.D．The

followingspeechsound.12.（河北省保定市重点高中2023-2024学年高三试题）Ifyouareofthe“noregrets”schooloflife,youmaythinkthatallthisregretisarecipeforunhappiness.

Butthatisn’tthecase.Lettingyourselfbeoverwhelmedbyregretisindeedbadforyou.Butgoingtotheotherextrememaybeevenworse.Toextinguishyourregretsdoesn’tf

reeyoufromshameorsorrowbutcausesyoutomakethesamemistakesagainandagain.Totrulygetoverourguiltrequiresthatweputregretinit

sproperplace.......Whatdoestheunderlinedword“extinguish”inparagraph2mean?A．Admit.B．Destroy.C．Treasure

.D．Encounter.13.（2024届浙江省绍兴市高三上学期模拟预测英语试题）NickVerel,a53-year-oldkidneytransplant(肾脏移植)recipientinOhio,shouldhavebeenneartheto

pofthelisttoreceiveaCOVID-19vaccine(疫苗).Yetlikemillionsofothers,hewasn’thavinganyluckschedulinganappointment.Nic

kwouldsitwithcomputersonhislaptryingforhourstobookanappointmentondifferentsites,whichendedupinvainnomatterhowconcentrated

hewas.“Ifelthopeless,”Nicksays.ThenheheardaboutZwinggi,a40-year-oldmotherofthreewhowashelpingtosecureappo

intmentsforvulnerableindividualslikeNick.SohemessagedZwinggionFacebook:Canyouhelp?Thirty-fiveminuteslater,Zwinggireportedback—Nicksuccessfully

hadanappointmenttogetthevaccine.4．Theunderlinedwords“vulnerableindividuals”inparagraph2refertothose______.A．whoaretoooldtobookanappointment.B．whone

edvaccinebadlywithseriousdisease.C．whohavelittleexperiencewithcomputers.D．whohavelittlesparetimewith

manykids.C．AGreatWaytoGettheVaccineD．TheVaccineChaos14.（2023年高三全国专练）Toreducecoffeecupwaste,CupClubisalreadyr

eplacingmillionsoftakeawaycupsintheUK,whileRecupinGermany,hasperformedadepositsystemthatsimplyaddsasmallextrafeetoanycoffe

ecupwhichisreturnedtothebuyerafterthecupisdepositedinanyregisteredcollectionpoint.......Whatdoestheword“which”inthelastp

aragraphreferto?A．Acollectionpoint.B．Adepositsystem.C．Asmallextrafee.D．Anycoffeecup.15.（2023年上海高三测试）Londonresolvedtoliveafull,excitinglife.Heonc

esaid,“Iwouldratherbeasuperbmeteor(流星),everyatomofmeinmagnificentglow,thanasleepyandpermanentplanet.”Eachday,hepushedhimself.

OnceLondondeterminedthathewasgoingtobeawriter,nothingcouldstophim.Hisgoalwastowriteatleastonethousandwordseveryday.Herefus

edtostopevenwhenhewassick.Ineighteenyears，thewriterpublishedfifty﹣onebooksandhundredsofarticles.Hewasthebest-sellingandhighes

t-paidauthorofhisday.Manypeoplealsoconsideredhimtobethebestwriter.WhiteFangandTheCalloftheWildarehismostfa

mousstoriesandareaboutsurvivingintheAlaskanwilderness.ReaderscanenjoyJackLondon’senergyandhistalentfortelli

ngwonderfulstorieseachtimetheyopenoneofhisnovels.......TheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraphindicatesthatJac

kLondon________.A．isexpertatuniverse.B．aimshighandstrivetosucceed.C．isexcitedaboutlifeinthewildness.D．fa

ceachoicebetweenlifeanddeath.