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房山区2019-2020学年度第二学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识

运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一．个．适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOneday,whenI

wasafreshmaninhighschool,Isawakidfrommyclasswalkinghomefromschool，1(carry)allofhisbooks.Abunchofkidswererunni

ngtowardhim,knockingallhisbooksoutofhisarmsandmakinghimlandinthedirt.Hisglasseswentflying,andIsawthemlandinthegrassabouttenfeetfromhim.Helook

edupandIsawthisterrible2(sad)inhiseyes.So,Iranovertohimand3(hand)himhisglasses.Helookedatmeandsaid,“Heythanks!”Therewasabigsmileon

hisface,4wasoneofthosesmilesthatshowedrealgratitude.BMydearestparents,It5(be)quitealongtimesincethelasttimewereallytalked.Iknowyouarevery

busytrying6(earn)aliving,butallIhopeistohavemoreofyourcompany.Thereisalotgoingoninhighschool.Theacademicpressureishugebecausemyco

ursesaredifficulttounderstand.So,Iwishyoucouldencouragemetodobetter7Ifailtests.AndIwishtoseeyourbright

estsmilesandapplauseformeifIfinallywin.Best,MaryCThe24solartermsoriginatefromtheYellowRiverbasin.IntheSprin

gandAutumnPeriod,thefoursolartermsofmidspring,midsummer,midautumnandmidwinterwereidentified.The24solartermswere8(full)establishedduringtheQinandHan

Dynasties,andthey9(record)inthebookofHuainanZi.In104BC,theTaichuCalendar10DengPingandotherpeople,formallyrecordedthe24solartermsa

ndmadecleartheastronomicalpositionofthe24solarterms.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D

四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TrueManlinessFredLiscomwasatwelve-year-oldboy.Hismotherwasvery11,buthisfatherwasawayfromhome.Fredwasthe

persontotakecareofhismother.Oneday,TomBarton,oneofFred’sclassmates,sawhimwitha12inhishand,cleaningthetable.He13thisatschool,and

Fredreceivedthegreeting“Girlboy!”“Fire!fire!”The14spreadoutonenight,andthefirebellsbegantoring.Fredwa

s15bythealarmandhesawtheredlightstreamingintohisroom.He16himselfinamoment,andtappedatthedoorofhismother’sbedroom.“ItisMr.Barton’shouse,Mum.Doletm

e17.”hesaidineager,excitedtones.Mrs.Liscomthoughtforamoment.Hewasyoung,butshecould18him.“Yes,youmaygo.”sheanswered:“B

utbecareful.Don’tdo19things.”Fredpromisedtofollowheradvice,and20tothefire.Mr.andMrs.Bartonwerenotathome.Thehousehadbeenleftincharge

oftheservants.Thefire21withfearfulspeed,fortherewasahighwind,anditwasfoundimpossibletosavethehouse.Thes

ervantsranabout,screamingbutdoingnothingtoanypurpose.FredfoundTomBartonoutside.“WhereisKaty?”heasked.Tom,tremblingwith22,seemedtohave

hadnothought.Hesaid,“Katyisinthehouse!”“Inwhatroom?”askedFred.“Inthatone,”saidTom,pointingtoawindowintheupp

erstory.Itwasnotimeforwords,butfor23.Thestaircasewasalreadyonfire;therewasbutonewaytoreachKatywhichwasfullof24.Thesecondfloor

mightfallatanymoment,andFredknewit.Buthe25soughthelpandguidance.Aladderwasquicklybrought,andplacedagainstthe26.Fredclimbedit,followedb

ythehiredman,dashedinthewindow,andpushedhiswayintotheroomwherehefoundKatywithsome27.Thepoorgirllaynearlysuff

ocated（窒息）with28.Fredmanagedtocarryhertothewindowasquicklyaspossible,andplacedheruponthesill(窗台).Shewasimmediatelygrasped,and2

9downtheladder,Fredfollowingasfastaspossible.Theyhadscarcelyreachedthegroundbeforeacrashoffallingtimbe

rstoldthemthattheyhadbarelyescapedwiththeirlives.Fredshowedustrue30isinharmonywithgentleness,kindness,andselflessness.学校：班级：姓名：考号：（18

）（本小题共14分）（19）（本小题共14分）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效高一数学第2页（共3页）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效11.A.beautifulB.kindC.strictD.sick12.A.

textbookB.dishclothC.toothbrushD.newspaper13.A.reportedB.followedC.controlledD.criticized14.A.whistleB.s

ecretC.cryD.fire15.A.wakenedB.savedC.disturbedD.challenged16.A.dressedB.seatedC.absentedD.enjoyed17.A.apologizeB.expla

inC.knowD.go18.A.persuadeB.trustC.remindD.respect19.A.boringB.childishC.uselessD.silly20.A.hesitatedB.struggledC.hurriedD.prepared21.A.bur

nedB.spreadC.movedD.disappeared22.A.terrorB.angerC.reliefD.anxiety23.A.confusionB.thanksC.regretD.action24

.A.turnsB.dangerC.plantsD.furniture25.A.suddenlyB.excitedlyC.slowlyD.calmly26.A.staircaseB.windowC.wallD.door27.A.difficultyB.uncertaintyC.curiosit

yD.patience28.A.waterB.illnessC.smokeD.poison29.A.rolledB.carriedC.pushedD.sent30.A.friendlinessB.noblenessC.manlinessD.effecti

veness第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4Eco-FriendlyBikestoRideThisSummerNow

adays,manydriversaresearchingformoreenvironment-friendlywaystogetaroundandarestartingtolookbacktobikes.Bike

sdon’trequiregas.Intermsofconvenience,bikescanbeeasiertoparkandcanhelpridersgettheirdailyexercisein.Companieseverywherearebeginningtotaket

hetraditionalbikeandadaptittopeople’sneeds.Belowareeco-friendlybikestoconsideraddingtoyourmorningride.1.BamboobikesCcyclesproduc

esBambooBikes.Thecompanysourcesbambooandcarbonfiberjointsfortheirbikeframes.Bambooisidealforbikesbecauseitcanabsorbsignificantlymoreshockthancar

bonfiber.Itisalsoverylightweightcomparedtotraditionalbikematerials,likesteel.Butbambooisincrediblystrongandcantakeontwicethecompressionfor

ceassteel.2.CowboyCowoffersCowboy,abikehidesthebatteryinitsframeunderthesaddle.Theremovablebatterytakesab

outtwoandhalfhourstochargeandhasarangeofroughly31miles,butthebestpartistheappfeatures.TheCowboyappgivestravelersarealtimedashboard(仪器板)

tocheckouttheirspeedanddistance.Ridersneverneedtoworryaboutgettinglostsinceithasnavigationandcanpullup

yourroutehistoryfromyourridestates.Thissmarttechalsogivesridersupdatesaboutthebike’sstatus.TheCowboyha

sahightechlockingsystemsotheowneristheonlyonewhocanstartupthebike.3.TheFaradayBicycleFaradayebikeshavea250Wmotor,andthebatterycanbe

fullychargedinlessthan4hours.FaradayrecentlypartneredwiththeorganizationOneTreePlantedtohelpreforestCaliforniaafterthestateunderwentseriousdamag

efromwildfiresthatdestroyedthousandsofacresoflandinthearea.Thecompanysteppedupanddonated$100fromeverybikesoldtoplant100trees.

4.TheDonkyBikeWilson,whoworksforDonky,createdTheDonkyBike,apracticalcargobike.Thisbikewasdesignedtoeasilycarryacargoloadontheframe.Lik

eanygreatworkhorse,thisbikewasbuiltwithsimplelow-maintenancecomponentsandhasastrong,durableframe.31.Whichbikecanshowyouwhereyouare?

A.Cowboy.B.Bamboobikes.C.TheDonkyBike.D.TheFaradayBicycle.32.IfyouwanttohelpreforestCalifornia,youcanb

uyabikefrom.A.FaradayB.CcyclesC.DonkyD.Cow33.ThebikethatWilsoncreated.A.hasa250WmotorB.carriesacargoontheframeC.i

slightweightbutstrongD.hasabatteryunderthesaddleBJourneytotheWestIfyouhaveadream,goforit.MydadtalkedofthejewelinChina’swe

sternpart,TibetAutonomousRegion.TibetwasaregionIwantedtoseeanddiscoverbutitsremotenessandmyinabilitytofindth

erighttimetogodelayedmyjourney.Afterafewtalkswithmydad,wedecidedtotakeapauseinourlivesforafewweeksinJuly2019tostartanamazingadventure.Westar

tedourjourneyonaSaturdaymorningattheGuangzhoutrainstationinsouthChina.Westartedthefirstlegofthejourneyadmiringthemysteriou

smountainsofsouthChina.Thenextdayitchangedquitesuddenlytothedry,waterlesslandscapeofcentral-westChinaaswepassed

throughShanxiandGansuprovinces.ThateveningwearrivedatXining,QinghaiProvince,wherewegotontotheXining-Lhasatrain.WeweregreetedonthetrainwithTibetanyo

gurt.ThetrainsignswerealsowritteninTibetan,thebeautifulhandwritingmatcheditsenvironmentandpeople.Thefollowingaftern

oonwearrivedinLhasa.Lhasa,oneofthehighest-altitudecitiesintheworld,isagemhiddenontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Westartedou

rtourofthejewelbyexploringthepalaceandwatchinglocalpeopledomorningpraysanddancesinthepark.OverlookingtheJokhangTemple,weenjoyedanamazing

lybeautifulbreathtakingview,justlikewehadbeeninthefairyland.It’sastunning(令人震惊的)goldentempleinthemiddleofoldLhasa,whichwevisitednextbef

orewanderingintheoldquartersandBarkhorStreetintheevening.BarkhorStreetistheidealplacetotrylocalfoodan

dbuylocalproducts.Thefollowingday,westartedourjourneytotheQomolangmabasecampbyroadfromLhasa.Alongthewaywestopp

edtoadmirethebeautifulYamdrokLake,ahugefreshwaterlakethatisoneofthethreelargestsacredlakes(圣湖)inTibet.Yaks(牦牛)inblanketsandbe

llsatthelakemadeforapicturesqueimpressionofperfectcountrysideTibet.Aboutaweeklater,thehighlightcameintheafternoonwhenwearrivedattheQomolangmabasecam

p.Wewerestayinginaguesthousejustnexttothebasecamp.Afterdroppingoffourbackpacks,weheadedstraightoutsidetoseethemagnificentMtQomolangma.The

reitwas,thetopofthemountainpeekingthroughtheclouds,astonishinguswithitsunbelievableheight.Weenjoyedthemoun

tainwavesandsawthebeautifulcloudsseparateduntilthesunsetoverthepeak,feelingIwouldhaveregrettedfortherestofmylifeifIhadn’tmadethejourney.34.Thea

uthorwantedtogotoTibetAutonomousRegionbecause.A.hisfatherwantedhimtotravelthereB.hisfatherthoughtitwasworthvisitingC.hew

asinterestedinthemysteriousplaceD.hewantedtogotothefarthestplaceofChina35.Theauthorthoughtthemostexcitingpartofthejourneywasvisiting.A.

JokhangTempleB.BarkhorStreetC.YamdrokLakeD.MtQomolangma36.Theunderlinedword“gem”inthefourthparagraphmeans.A.smartgeniusB.preciousstoneC.un

iquetempleD.beautifulgrassland37.Theauthorwrotethispassagetotellus.A.beautifulviewsareworththeriskyou

takeB.ifyouhaveadream,youshouldtrytomakeithappenC.youcanfinallyachieveyourdreamifyouputyourheartonitD.travelingtenthous

andmilesisbetterthanreadingtenthousandbooksCClimateChangeRequirestheWorld’sAttentionIn2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsp

hotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbodyallthatremai

nedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappear

edtohavestarvedanddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdista

ncesinordertofindfood.ThisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth’secology.T

henwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocess

calledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhous

eeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffect,whichhelpskeeptheearthwarmenoughforpeople,plantsandanimalstoliveon,referstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterst

heatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesinth

eatmosphere,suchasmethane(沼气)andcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess,Earthco

uldnotsustainlife.However,theman-madegreenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfu

els,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.Thereisstrongandcompreh

ensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamag

e,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwillproba

blycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandecon

omiclosses.Continuedgreenhousegasemissions(排放)willresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentiono

fpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindi

vidualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourr

esponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becauseitisa

llofusthatsharethisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp?38.Thedeadpolarbearwasmentionedinthefirstparagraphto?A.showpolarbearsareendangeredB.raiset

heproblemofglobalwarmingC.raisetheawarenessofprotectinganimalsD.warnpeopleofthedamagecausedbytravelling39.Whatiscausing

theriseofEarth’ssurfacetemperature?A.Methane.B.Carbondioxide.C.Heatfromthesun.D.Man-madeheatenergy.40.TheriseofEarth’ssurfacetemperaturemayresult

in.A.highercostoflivingB.bettergrowthofplantsC.moreextremeweathereventsD.speedingofanimalreproduction41.Thelastparagraphmainlytellsusthat.A.poli

ciesareimportanttostopcarbondioxideemissionsB.thelong-lastingeffectsofclimatechangeisveryseriousC.everyoneshouldtake

actiontoreducegreenhousegasemissionsD.itisthegovernments’dutytocontroltheprocessofglobalwarmingDAnumberofstudiess

howthatsportsandotherphysicalactivitiescancontributetothedevelopmentofself-esteem(afeelingofprideinoneself).Forexample,Can

adianscientistsfoundthatsixth-gradestudentswhoweremorephysicallyactivehadconsiderablyhigherlevelsofsel

f-esteem.AstudyinSwitzerlandfoundthatteenagerswhotookpartinsportsclubswerehealthier,includingbeingbettersociallya

djusted,feelinglessanxious,andgenerallybeinghappierabouttheirlives.SimilarfindingswerereportedinastudyofL

atinostudents,whereparticipationinschoolsportwasfoundtobegreatlyassociatedwithself-esteem.Thereseemslittledoubtthatpartofthepotency(潜能)ofsport

sliesintheirsocialsetting.Therearealotoffactsshowingtheimportanceofsocialconnectedness(关联性)forhealthychil

dandteenagerdevelopment,andsportsofferapopularandengagingsettingforsocialinteractions.Involvementinteamsportshasbeenpositive

lyassociatedwithsocialacceptanceandasenseofbelonging,especiallywheresuchinvolvementischaracterizedbyposi

tivecoaching,progressiveskilldevelopment,andpeersupport.But,thesocialsettingofsportscanexcludeaswellasinclude.Ther

eisnowevidencethatboys’andgirls’experiencesofsportscanbeverydifferent,andthiscanaffectthecontributiontheycanmake

totheself-esteemofplayers.Peeracceptanceseemstobeanimportantfactorindeterminingtherelationshipbetweensportpart

icipationandself-esteem,andgirlscanbeparticularlysensitivetonegativejudgments.Andstudieshavefoundthatmany‘girly’boysandgirlsbenefitmos

tfromnon-competitivephysicalactivities.So,anoteofcautionoughttobesoundedincasesportsareconsideredtobe

acure.Muchoftheliteratureonthemostpositivepsychological(心理的)outcomesassociatedwithchildhoodandyouthsportsstressth

eabsoluteimportanceofpositiveexperiences.Itwillsurprisenoonethatbullying,excludingorabuseexperienceswill

harm,ratherthansupportthedevelopmentofself-esteem,andwell-beingingeneral.Sadly,itwillalsonotbeashocktolearn

thatmanychildren’sintroductionstosportsarefarfromimprovingthequalityoflife.ThegreatdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiagetarguedthatthefound

ationsofself-esteemwerelaidbetweentheagesofabout6and11yearsofage.Importantly,thisisalsothetimewhenchildrenaremostlikelytobeintroducedtos

ports.Weshouldknowtheimportanceofpositiveearlysportingexperiencesforthedevelopmentofbothself-esteemandon-goingparticipationinspo

rtsandotherphysicalactivities.Teachers,coaches,andparentshavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheseexperiences‘catch’asmanychildrenaspos

sible,andforthistohappentheyneedtoremember‘theprinciplesofchilddevelopment’:Childrenarenotmini-adults.Problemsarisewhenadultsforg

ettheseprinciples,andkidthemselvesintothinkingthattheyarecoachingfutureOlympiansorSuperstars.Unluckily,evidence

suggeststhattalentedchildrenaremostlikelytostandoutwhentheyaregiventimetodevelop,toplay,andtoremainchildren.Childr

enarenotminiatureadults,andtheirenjoymentofsports(andtheirself-esteem)cansufferwhenadultsforgetthis!42.

StudiesinSwitzerlandandLatinoshowedteenagerswhooftenjoininsports.A.buildself-esteemearlierB.havemoregoodexperiencesC.aremore

sensitivetojudgmentsD.arehealthierbothphysicallyandmentally43.Ingeneral,theauthor’sattitudetowardtheinfluenceofsportsonteenagersis.A.pos

itiveB.criticalC.uncertainD.tolerant44.Accordingtotheauthor,whenchildrentakepartinsports,they.A.willbehappierabou

ttheirlivesB.aremorelikelytobeattractedbycompetitivesportsC.shouldbetreatedbycoachesandparentsassuperstarsD.willbuildse

lf-esteemifgivenpositivecommentandsupport45.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Ch

ildrenShouldTakePartinSportsB.SportsOfferYouaBetterTeenageLifeC.SportsExperienceandBuildingSelf-EsteemD.PeopleShouldTre

atTeenagersLikeMiniatureAdults第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TravelIsGoodForYourHealthAmericansarelosingt

heirvacationdays,leadingtomorestress,anxietyandothernegativeeffectsbecauseofnottakingtimeofffromwork.Infact,a

reportbyProject:TimeOff,showsU.S.employeestookabout16vacationdaysin2013,downfromabout20in2000.Apartfromtakingawayyou

rselfthechancetoimproveyourproductivityandworkperformance,nottakingabreakcanleadtooverloadedstressandoth

erpotentiallydamaging.46Afterall,vacationsofferthechancetorelaxandrestoreyourhealth.47Youshouldtraveltonewplacesbecausetravelingsome

wherenewcanenableyoutoputyourselfinnewsurroundingsandrechargeyourbrainpower.48AccordingtoDr.MargaretJ.King,thedirectoroftheCenterfor

CulturalStudies&Analysis,“Therearelotsofpsychologicalbenefitswhenyoutravelfromhomeandworkto‘thirdplaces’,notjustexperiencingtheenvironment.Wi

thashortlistofactivitieseachday,freedupfromtheprojectsandrelationships,themindcanreset,asdoesthebody,withstressrelief

themainoutcome.”shesays.Littlesleepmixedwithhighstresscanleadtoangerandnegativeconsequencesonyourcognitiveperformanceandefficiency.MaxHirshkowit

z,chairmanoftheboardoftheNationalSleepFoundationsaysavacationisagreatopportunitytocatchuponsleep.49“Keepthattime,”hesays.“Makeitanimp

ortantthingyouneed.”Manystudiessuggestthattravelcanimproveouremotionalstate.A2014surveyconductedbyDiamondResortsInternationalfoundove

rthree-quartersofpeoplesaidfeelinghappierwhentheyplannedatripatleastonceayear.Dr.LeighVinocur,acertifie

dphysicianandspokespersonfortheAmericanCollegeofEmergencyPhysicians,isn’tsurprisedbythefindings.“It’shardtositonabeautifulbeachsomewhereandthinkabou

tpaperworkordeadlines.Thatiswhyoverthree-quartersofpeopletotheDiamondResortsInternationalsurveyreportedfeelinghappierwhentheyregularlyhadavaca

tion.Regularvacationswhiletakingtimeforyourselfandyourfamilylowersyourstresslevel.50,”shesays.Besides,studiesshowthatlook

ingbackonthepleasantvacationmaykeephappinesslongafteryourtrip.A.Theyhavebadeffectsonyourhealth,expertss

ay.B.Travelinghasmanyadvantages,withstressrelieftoppingthelist.C.Travelersmaybemoreactivethansittinginanofficechairall

day.D.Travelcanhelpusresetouremotionsandactuallyincreasecompassion.E.Butsimplytakingsometimefromyourdemandin

gworkdayscheduleisn’tenough.F.Tofeelmoreenergized,theNSFrecommendsatleastsevenhoursofsleeppernightforadults.G.Italsodecreasesthe

productionofallthestresshormonesthatcontributetodamagingourhealth.第三部分：书面表达（15分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Peter对科学研究

感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的科学家及其研究成果。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.科学家的姓名;2.科学家的研究成果；3.该研究成果的意义。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,———————————————

———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Yours,LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指

定区域内）