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房山区2019-2020学年度第二学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1

.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一．个．适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOneday,whenIwasafreshmaninhighschool,Isawakidfrommyclasswa

lkinghomefromschool，1(carry)allofhisbooks.Abunchofkidswererunningtowardhim,knockingallhisbooksoutofhisarmsandmakinghimlandinthedirt.Hisglasseswentfly

ing,andIsawthemlandinthegrassabouttenfeetfromhim.HelookedupandIsawthisterrible2(sad)inhiseyes.So,Iranovertohimand3(hand)himhisglasses.Helookedatm

eandsaid,“Heythanks!”Therewasabigsmileonhisface,4wasoneofthosesmilesthatshowedrealgratitude.BMydearestparents,I

t5(be)quitealongtimesincethelasttimewereallytalked.Iknowyouareverybusytrying6(earn)aliving,butallIhopeistohavemoreofyourcompany.Thereis

alotgoingoninhighschool.Theacademicpressureishugebecausemycoursesaredifficulttounderstand.So,Iwishyoucouldencour

agemetodobetter7Ifailtests.AndIwishtoseeyourbrightestsmilesandapplauseformeifIfinallywin.Best,MaryCThe24solartermsoriginatefromtheYellowRiverbasin.I

ntheSpringandAutumnPeriod,thefoursolartermsofmidspring,midsummer,midautumnandmidwinterwereidentified.The24solartermswere8(full)establishedd

uringtheQinandHanDynasties,andthey9(record)inthebookofHuainanZi.In104BC,theTaichuCalendar10DengPingandotherpeople,formallyrecord

edthe24solartermsandmadecleartheastronomicalpositionofthe24solarterms.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TrueManlinessFredLiscomwasatwelve-year-oldboy.Hismotherwasvery11,buthisfatherwasawayfromhome.Fredwastheperso

ntotakecareofhismother.Oneday,TomBarton,oneofFred’sclassmates,sawhimwitha12inhishand,cleaningthetable.He13thi

satschool,andFredreceivedthegreeting“Girlboy!”“Fire!fire!”The14spreadoutonenight,andthefirebellsbegantoring.Fredwas15bythealarmandhesawt

heredlightstreamingintohisroom.He16himselfinamoment,andtappedatthedoorofhismother’sbedroom.“ItisMr.Ba

rton’shouse,Mum.Doletme17.”hesaidineager,excitedtones.Mrs.Liscomthoughtforamoment.Hewasyoung,butshecould18him.“Yes,youmaygo.”sheans

wered:“Butbecareful.Don’tdo19things.”Fredpromisedtofollowheradvice,and20tothefire.Mr.andMrs.Bartonwerenotathome.Thehousehadbeenleftinchargeofthes

ervants.Thefire21withfearfulspeed,fortherewasahighwind,anditwasfoundimpossibletosavethehouse.Theservantsranabout,screamingbutdoingnot

hingtoanypurpose.FredfoundTomBartonoutside.“WhereisKaty?”heasked.Tom,tremblingwith22,seemedtohavehadnothought.Hesaid,“Katyisinthehouse!”“Inw

hatroom?”askedFred.“Inthatone,”saidTom,pointingtoawindowintheupperstory.Itwasnotimeforwords,butfor23.Thestaircasewasalreadyonfir

e;therewasbutonewaytoreachKatywhichwasfullof24.Thesecondfloormightfallatanymoment,andFredknewit.Buthe25soughthelpandguidance.Aladderwasquick

lybrought,andplacedagainstthe26.Fredclimbedit,followedbythehiredman,dashedinthewindow,andpushedhiswayintotheroomwherehefoundKaty

withsome27.Thepoorgirllaynearlysuffocated（窒息）with28.Fredmanagedtocarryhertothewindowasquicklyaspossible,andplacedheruponthesil

l(窗台).Shewasimmediatelygrasped,and29downtheladder,Fredfollowingasfastaspossible.Theyhadscarcelyreachedthegroundbeforeacrashoffallingtimberstoldthemt

hattheyhadbarelyescapedwiththeirlives.Fredshowedustrue30isinharmonywithgentleness,kindness,andselflessness.学校：班级：姓名：考号：（1

8）（本小题共14分）（19）（本小题共14分）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效高一数学第2页（共3页）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效11.A.beautifulB

.kindC.strictD.sick12.A.textbookB.dishclothC.toothbrushD.newspaper13.A.reportedB.followedC.controlledD.criticized14.A.whis

tleB.secretC.cryD.fire15.A.wakenedB.savedC.disturbedD.challenged16.A.dressedB.seatedC.absentedD.enjoyed17.A.apologizeB.e

xplainC.knowD.go18.A.persuadeB.trustC.remindD.respect19.A.boringB.childishC.uselessD.silly20.A.hesitatedB.struggledC.hurriedD.prepared21.A.burn

edB.spreadC.movedD.disappeared22.A.terrorB.angerC.reliefD.anxiety23.A.confusionB.thanksC.regretD.action24.A.turnsB.dangerC.plantsD.furniture25

.A.suddenlyB.excitedlyC.slowlyD.calmly26.A.staircaseB.windowC.wallD.door27.A.difficultyB.uncertaintyC.curi

osityD.patience28.A.waterB.illnessC.smokeD.poison29.A.rolledB.carriedC.pushedD.sent30.A.friendlinessB.

noblenessC.manlinessD.effectiveness第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答

题卡上将该项涂黑。A4Eco-FriendlyBikestoRideThisSummerNowadays,manydriversaresearchingformoreenvironment-frien

dlywaystogetaroundandarestartingtolookbacktobikes.Bikesdon’trequiregas.Intermsofconvenience,bikescanbeeasiertoparkandcanhelpridersget

theirdailyexercisein.Companieseverywherearebeginningtotakethetraditionalbikeandadaptittopeople’sneeds.Be

lowareeco-friendlybikestoconsideraddingtoyourmorningride.1.BamboobikesCcyclesproducesBambooBikes.Thecomp

anysourcesbambooandcarbonfiberjointsfortheirbikeframes.Bambooisidealforbikesbecauseitcanabsorbsignificantlymoreshockthan

carbonfiber.Itisalsoverylightweightcomparedtotraditionalbikematerials,likesteel.Butbambooisincrediblystrongandcanta

keontwicethecompressionforceassteel.2.CowboyCowoffersCowboy,abikehidesthebatteryinitsframeunderthesaddle.Theremovablebatteryta

kesabouttwoandhalfhourstochargeandhasarangeofroughly31miles,butthebestpartistheappfeatures.TheCowboyappgivestravelersarealtim

edashboard(仪器板)tocheckouttheirspeedanddistance.Ridersneverneedtoworryaboutgettinglostsinceithasnavigationandcanpullup

yourroutehistoryfromyourridestates.Thissmarttechalsogivesridersupdatesaboutthebike’sstatus.TheCowboyha

sahightechlockingsystemsotheowneristheonlyonewhocanstartupthebike.3.TheFaradayBicycleFaradayebikeshavea250Wmotor,andthebatterycanbe

fullychargedinlessthan4hours.FaradayrecentlypartneredwiththeorganizationOneTreePlantedtohelpreforestCaliforniaafterthes

tateunderwentseriousdamagefromwildfiresthatdestroyedthousandsofacresoflandinthearea.Thecompanysteppedupanddonated$1

00fromeverybikesoldtoplant100trees.4.TheDonkyBikeWilson,whoworksforDonky,createdTheDonkyBike,apracticalcargobike.Thisbikewasdesignedtoeasilyc

arryacargoloadontheframe.Likeanygreatworkhorse,thisbikewasbuiltwithsimplelow-maintenancecomponentsandha

sastrong,durableframe.31.Whichbikecanshowyouwhereyouare?A.Cowboy.B.Bamboobikes.C.TheDonkyBike.D.TheFaradayBicycle.32.Ifyouwanttohelprefor

estCalifornia,youcanbuyabikefrom.A.FaradayB.CcyclesC.DonkyD.Cow33.ThebikethatWilsoncreated.A.hasa250WmotorB.carriesacargoontheframeC.islightweightbut

strongD.hasabatteryunderthesaddleBJourneytotheWestIfyouhaveadream,goforit.MydadtalkedofthejewelinChina’swest

ernpart,TibetAutonomousRegion.TibetwasaregionIwantedtoseeanddiscoverbutitsremotenessandmyinabilitytofindtherighttimetogodelayedmyjour

ney.Afterafewtalkswithmydad,wedecidedtotakeapauseinourlivesforafewweeksinJuly2019tostartanamazingadventure.W

estartedourjourneyonaSaturdaymorningattheGuangzhoutrainstationinsouthChina.Westartedthefirstlegofthejour

neyadmiringthemysteriousmountainsofsouthChina.Thenextdayitchangedquitesuddenlytothedry,waterlesslandscapeofc

entral-westChinaaswepassedthroughShanxiandGansuprovinces.ThateveningwearrivedatXining,QinghaiProvince,wherewegotontotheXining-Lhasatrain.Weweregreet

edonthetrainwithTibetanyogurt.ThetrainsignswerealsowritteninTibetan,thebeautifulhandwritingmatcheditsenvironmentandpeople.Thefol

lowingafternoonwearrivedinLhasa.Lhasa,oneofthehighest-altitudecitiesintheworld,isagemhiddenontheQinghai-Tibe

tPlateau.Westartedourtourofthejewelbyexploringthepalaceandwatchinglocalpeopledomorningpraysanddancesinthepark.Overlookingt

heJokhangTemple,weenjoyedanamazinglybeautifulbreathtakingview,justlikewehadbeeninthefairyland.It’sastunning(令人震惊的)gold

entempleinthemiddleofoldLhasa,whichwevisitednextbeforewanderingintheoldquartersandBarkhorStreetintheev

ening.BarkhorStreetistheidealplacetotrylocalfoodandbuylocalproducts.Thefollowingday,westartedourjourneytotheQomolangmabasecampbyroad

fromLhasa.AlongthewaywestoppedtoadmirethebeautifulYamdrokLake,ahugefreshwaterlakethatisoneofthethreelargestsacredlakes(圣

湖)inTibet.Yaks(牦牛)inblanketsandbellsatthelakemadeforapicturesqueimpressionofperfectcountrysideTibet.Aboutaweeklater,theh

ighlightcameintheafternoonwhenwearrivedattheQomolangmabasecamp.Wewerestayinginaguesthousejustnexttothebasecamp.Afterdroppingoffourb

ackpacks,weheadedstraightoutsidetoseethemagnificentMtQomolangma.Thereitwas,thetopofthemountainpeekingthroughtheclouds,as

tonishinguswithitsunbelievableheight.Weenjoyedthemountainwavesandsawthebeautifulcloudsseparateduntilthesunsetoverthepeak,feelingIwou

ldhaveregrettedfortherestofmylifeifIhadn’tmadethejourney.34.TheauthorwantedtogotoTibetAutonomousRegionbecause.A.hisfa

therwantedhimtotravelthereB.hisfatherthoughtitwasworthvisitingC.hewasinterestedinthemysteriousplaceD.hewantedtogot

othefarthestplaceofChina35.Theauthorthoughtthemostexcitingpartofthejourneywasvisiting.A.JokhangTempleB.BarkhorStreetC.YamdrokLakeD.MtQomolangma36.

Theunderlinedword“gem”inthefourthparagraphmeans.A.smartgeniusB.preciousstoneC.uniquetempleD.beautifulgrassland37.Theauthorwrot

ethispassagetotellus.A.beautifulviewsareworththeriskyoutakeB.ifyouhaveadream,youshouldtrytomakeithappenC.youcanfinallyachieveyourdreamif

youputyourheartonitD.travelingtenthousandmilesisbetterthanreadingtenthousandbooksCClimateChangeRequirestheWorld’sAttentionIn2013,alot

ofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsde

adbodyallthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthepositionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedt

ohavestarvedanddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechangemeantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgre

aterdistancesinordertofindfood.ThisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincreaseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth’secology.Th

enwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetemperature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichha

stwocommonmeanings:the“natural”greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffect,whichhelpskeeptheearthwarmenoug

hforpeople,plantsandanimalstoliveon,referstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiation.Theheati

sreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethane(沼气)andcarbondioxide,tra

psomeoftheheat,keepingEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,theman-madegreenhous

eeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeopleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcaus

esEarth’ssurfacetemperaturetorisequickly.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoa

nincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarne

dthatifwedonottakeappropriateactions,thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcast

aboutextremerainstormsandheatwavescausingdeathsandeconomiclosses.Continuedgreenhousegasemissions(排放)willresultinfurthe

rwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisrequirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoco

nsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasurestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour

“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunit

ytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,becauseitisallofusthatsharethisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp?38.Thedeadpola

rbearwasmentionedinthefirstparagraphto?A.showpolarbearsareendangeredB.raisetheproblemofglobalwarmingC.raisetheawarenesso

fprotectinganimalsD.warnpeopleofthedamagecausedbytravelling39.WhatiscausingtheriseofEarth’ssurfacetemper

ature?A.Methane.B.Carbondioxide.C.Heatfromthesun.D.Man-madeheatenergy.40.TheriseofEarth’ssurfacetemper

aturemayresultin.A.highercostoflivingB.bettergrowthofplantsC.moreextremeweathereventsD.speedingofanimalreproduction41.Thel

astparagraphmainlytellsusthat.A.policiesareimportanttostopcarbondioxideemissionsB.thelong-lastingeffec

tsofclimatechangeisveryseriousC.everyoneshouldtakeactiontoreducegreenhousegasemissionsD.itisthegover

nments’dutytocontroltheprocessofglobalwarmingDAnumberofstudiesshowthatsportsandotherphysicalactivitiescancontributetothedevelopmentofself-esteem(

afeelingofprideinoneself).Forexample,Canadianscientistsfoundthatsixth-gradestudentswhoweremorephysicallyactivehadconsiderablyhig

herlevelsofself-esteem.AstudyinSwitzerlandfoundthatteenagerswhotookpartinsportsclubswerehealthier,includingbeingbettersocial

lyadjusted,feelinglessanxious,andgenerallybeinghappierabouttheirlives.SimilarfindingswerereportedinastudyofLatinostudents

,whereparticipationinschoolsportwasfoundtobegreatlyassociatedwithself-esteem.Thereseemslittledoubtthatpart

ofthepotency(潜能)ofsportsliesintheirsocialsetting.Therearealotoffactsshowingtheimportanceofsocialconnectedness(关联性)forhealthychildandteenagerd

evelopment,andsportsofferapopularandengagingsettingforsocialinteractions.Involvementinteamsportshasbeenpositivelyassociatedwithsociala

cceptanceandasenseofbelonging,especiallywheresuchinvolvementischaracterizedbypositivecoaching,progressives

killdevelopment,andpeersupport.But,thesocialsettingofsportscanexcludeaswellasinclude.Thereisnowevidencethatboys’andgirls’experiencesofsportscanbever

ydifferent,andthiscanaffectthecontributiontheycanmaketotheself-esteemofplayers.Peeracceptanceseemstobeanimportantf

actorindeterminingtherelationshipbetweensportparticipationandself-esteem,andgirlscanbeparticularlysensitivetonegativejudgments.Andstud

ieshavefoundthatmany‘girly’boysandgirlsbenefitmostfromnon-competitivephysicalactivities.So,anoteofcautionoughttobesoundedincasesportsareco

nsideredtobeacure.Muchoftheliteratureonthemostpositivepsychological(心理的)outcomesassociatedwithchildhoodandyou

thsportsstresstheabsoluteimportanceofpositiveexperiences.Itwillsurprisenoonethatbullying,excludingorabuseexperienceswillharm,ratherthans

upportthedevelopmentofself-esteem,andwell-beingingeneral.Sadly,itwillalsonotbeashocktolearnthatmanychildren’sintroductions

tosportsarefarfromimprovingthequalityoflife.ThegreatdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiagetarguedthatthefoundationsofself

-esteemwerelaidbetweentheagesofabout6and11yearsofage.Importantly,thisisalsothetimewhenchildrenaremostlikelyto

beintroducedtosports.Weshouldknowtheimportanceofpositiveearlysportingexperiencesforthedevelopmentofbothself-esteemandon-

goingparticipationinsportsandotherphysicalactivities.Teachers,coaches,andparentshavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheseexperiences‘cat

ch’asmanychildrenaspossible,andforthistohappentheyneedtoremember‘theprinciplesofchilddevelopment’:Childrenarenotmini-adu

lts.Problemsarisewhenadultsforgettheseprinciples,andkidthemselvesintothinkingthattheyarecoachingfutureOlympiansorSuperstars.Un

luckily,evidencesuggeststhattalentedchildrenaremostlikelytostandoutwhentheyaregiventimetodevelop,toplay,andtoremainchildren.Chi

ldrenarenotminiatureadults,andtheirenjoymentofsports(andtheirself-esteem)cansufferwhenadultsforgetthis!42.StudiesinSwitzerlanda

ndLatinoshowedteenagerswhooftenjoininsports.A.buildself-esteemearlierB.havemoregoodexperiencesC.aremoresensitivetojudgmentsD.arehealthierbothphysica

llyandmentally43.Ingeneral,theauthor’sattitudetowardtheinfluenceofsportsonteenagersis.A.positiveB.criticalC.uncertainD.tolerant44.Accordingtotheautho

r,whenchildrentakepartinsports,they.A.willbehappierabouttheirlivesB.aremorelikelytobeattractedbycompetitivesportsC.shouldbetreat

edbycoachesandparentsassuperstarsD.willbuildself-esteemifgivenpositivecommentandsupport45.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforth

epassage?A.ChildrenShouldTakePartinSportsB.SportsOfferYouaBetterTeenageLifeC.SportsExperienceandBuildingSelf-EsteemD.PeopleShouldTreatTeena

gersLikeMiniatureAdults第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TravelIsGoodFor

YourHealthAmericansarelosingtheirvacationdays,leadingtomorestress,anxietyandothernegativeeffectsbecauseofnot

takingtimeofffromwork.Infact,areportbyProject:TimeOff,showsU.S.employeestookabout16vacationdaysin2013,downfromabout20in2000.

Apartfromtakingawayyourselfthechancetoimproveyourproductivityandworkperformance,nottakingabreakcanleadtooverloadedstressandotherpotenti

allydamaging.46Afterall,vacationsofferthechancetorelaxandrestoreyourhealth.47Youshouldtraveltonewplacesbecausetravelingsomewherene

wcanenableyoutoputyourselfinnewsurroundingsandrechargeyourbrainpower.48AccordingtoDr.MargaretJ.King,thedirectoro

ftheCenterforCulturalStudies&Analysis,“Therearelotsofpsychologicalbenefitswhenyoutravelfromhomeandworkto‘thirdplaces’,notju

stexperiencingtheenvironment.Withashortlistofactivitieseachday,freedupfromtheprojectsandrelationships,themindcanreset,asdoesthebody,withstressrelie

fthemainoutcome.”shesays.Littlesleepmixedwithhighstresscanleadtoangerandnegativeconsequencesonyourcognitiveperformanceandef

ficiency.MaxHirshkowitz,chairmanoftheboardoftheNationalSleepFoundationsaysavacationisagreatopportunitytocatchuponsleep.49“Keepthattim

e,”hesays.“Makeitanimportantthingyouneed.”Manystudiessuggestthattravelcanimproveouremotionalstate.A2014sur

veyconductedbyDiamondResortsInternationalfoundoverthree-quartersofpeoplesaidfeelinghappierwhentheyplannedatripatleastonceayear.Dr.LeighVinocur,acerti

fiedphysicianandspokespersonfortheAmericanCollegeofEmergencyPhysicians,isn’tsurprisedbythefindings.“It’shardtositonabeautifulbeachsomewhereandth

inkaboutpaperworkordeadlines.Thatiswhyoverthree-quartersofpeopletotheDiamondResortsInternationalsurveyreportedf

eelinghappierwhentheyregularlyhadavacation.Regularvacationswhiletakingtimeforyourselfandyourfamilylowersyourstresslevel.50,”shesays.Be

sides,studiesshowthatlookingbackonthepleasantvacationmaykeephappinesslongafteryourtrip.A.Theyhavebadeffectsonyourhealth,expertssay.B.Tr

avelinghasmanyadvantages,withstressrelieftoppingthelist.C.Travelersmaybemoreactivethansittinginanofficechai

rallday.D.Travelcanhelpusresetouremotionsandactuallyincreasecompassion.E.Butsimplytakingsometimefromyourdemandingworkdayscheduleisn’tenough.F.Tofee

lmoreenergized,theNSFrecommendsatleastsevenhoursofsleeppernightforadults.G.Italsodecreasestheproductionofallthestresshormonesthatcontributeto

damagingourhealth.第三部分：书面表达（15分）假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国笔友Peter对科学研究感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的科学家及其研究成果。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.科学家的姓名;2.科学家的研究成

果；3.该研究成果的意义。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearPeter,——————————————————————————————————————————————————————

————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Yours,LiHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）