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房山区2019-2020学年度第二学期期末检测试卷高一英语本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回，试卷自行保存。第一部分：知识运用(共两节

，45分)第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一．个．适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AOneday,whenIwasafreshmaninhighschool,Isawak

idfrommyclasswalkinghomefromschool，1(carry)allofhisbooks.Abunchofkidswererunningtowardhim,knockingallhis

booksoutofhisarmsandmakinghimlandinthedirt.Hisglasseswentflying,andIsawthemlandinthegrassabouttenfeetfromhim.HelookedupandIsawthisterrible2(sad)inhi

seyes.So,Iranovertohimand3(hand)himhisglasses.Helookedatmeandsaid,“Heythanks!”Therewasabigsmileonhisface,4

wasoneofthosesmilesthatshowedrealgratitude.BMydearestparents,It5(be)quitealongtimesincethelasttimewereallytalked

.Iknowyouareverybusytrying6(earn)aliving,butallIhopeistohavemoreofyourcompany.Thereisalotgoingoninhighschool.Theacademic

pressureishugebecausemycoursesaredifficulttounderstand.So,Iwishyoucouldencouragemetodobetter7Ifailtests

.AndIwishtoseeyourbrightestsmilesandapplauseformeifIfinallywin.Best,MaryCThe24solartermsoriginatefromtheYellowRiverbasin.I

ntheSpringandAutumnPeriod,thefoursolartermsofmidspring,midsummer,midautumnandmidwinterwereidentified.The24solartermswere8(f

ull)establishedduringtheQinandHanDynasties,andthey9(record)inthebookofHuainanZi.In104BC,theTaichuCalendar10Deng

Pingandotherpeople,formallyrecordedthe24solartermsandmadecleartheastronomicalpositionofthe24solarterms.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所

给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。TrueManlinessFredLiscomwasatwelve-year-oldboy.Hismotherwasvery11,buthisfatherwasawayfromhome

.Fredwasthepersontotakecareofhismother.Oneday,TomBarton,oneofFred’sclassmates,sawhimwitha12inhishand,clean

ingthetable.He13thisatschool,andFredreceivedthegreeting“Girlboy!”“Fire!fire!”The14spreadoutonenight,andthefirebellsbegantoring.Fredwas15bythealar

mandhesawtheredlightstreamingintohisroom.He16himselfinamoment,andtappedatthedoorofhismother’sbedroom.“It

isMr.Barton’shouse,Mum.Doletme17.”hesaidineager,excitedtones.Mrs.Liscomthoughtforamoment.Hewasyoung,butshecould18him.“Yes,youmaygo.”sheanswere

d:“Butbecareful.Don’tdo19things.”Fredpromisedtofollowheradvice,and20tothefire.Mr.andMrs.Bartonwerenotathome.Thehousehadbeenleftinchargeoftheservants.

Thefire21withfearfulspeed,fortherewasahighwind,anditwasfoundimpossibletosavethehouse.Theservantsranabout,screamingbutdoingno

thingtoanypurpose.FredfoundTomBartonoutside.“WhereisKaty?”heasked.Tom,tremblingwith22,seemedtohavehadnoth

ought.Hesaid,“Katyisinthehouse!”“Inwhatroom?”askedFred.“Inthatone,”saidTom,pointingtoawindowintheupperstory.Itwasnotimeforwords,b

utfor23.Thestaircasewasalreadyonfire;therewasbutonewaytoreachKatywhichwasfullof24.Thesecondfloormightfallatanymoment,andFredknewit

.Buthe25soughthelpandguidance.Aladderwasquicklybrought,andplacedagainstthe26.Fredclimbedit,followedbythehiredman,dashedinthewindow,andpus

hedhiswayintotheroomwherehefoundKatywithsome27.Thepoorgirllaynearlysuffocated（窒息）with28.Fredmanagedtocarr

yhertothewindowasquicklyaspossible,andplacedheruponthesill(窗台).Shewasimmediatelygrasped,and29downtheladder,Fredfollowingasfasta

spossible.Theyhadscarcelyreachedthegroundbeforeacrashoffallingtimberstoldthemthattheyhadbarelyescapedwiththeirlives.Fredshowedustrue30isinharmonywi

thgentleness,kindness,andselflessness.学校：班级：姓名：考号：（18）（本小题共14分）（19）（本小题共14分）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效高一数学第2页（共3页）请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限

定区域的答案无效11.A.beautifulB.kindC.strictD.sick12.A.textbookB.dishclothC.toothbrushD.newspaper13.A.reportedB.followedC.controlledD.criticiz

ed14.A.whistleB.secretC.cryD.fire15.A.wakenedB.savedC.disturbedD.challenged16.A.dressedB.seatedC.absentedD.enjoyed17.A.apologizeB.explainC.knowD.

go18.A.persuadeB.trustC.remindD.respect19.A.boringB.childishC.uselessD.silly20.A.hesitatedB.struggledC.hurriedD.prepared21.A.bu

rnedB.spreadC.movedD.disappeared22.A.terrorB.angerC.reliefD.anxiety23.A.confusionB.thanksC.regretD.action24.A.turnsB.dangerC.pla

ntsD.furniture25.A.suddenlyB.excitedlyC.slowlyD.calmly26.A.staircaseB.windowC.wallD.door27.A.difficultyB.uncertain

tyC.curiosityD.patience28.A.waterB.illnessC.smokeD.poison29.A.rolledB.carriedC.pushedD.sent30.A.friendlinessB.noblenessC.manlinessD.

effectiveness第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A4Eco-Friend

lyBikestoRideThisSummerNowadays,manydriversaresearchingformoreenvironment-friendlywaystogetaroundandarestartingtolookbacktobike

s.Bikesdon’trequiregas.Intermsofconvenience,bikescanbeeasiertoparkandcanhelpridersgettheirdailyexercisein.Companieseverywherearebeginni

ngtotakethetraditionalbikeandadaptittopeople’sneeds.Belowareeco-friendlybikestoconsideraddingtoyourmorningride.1.BamboobikesCcyclespr

oducesBambooBikes.Thecompanysourcesbambooandcarbonfiberjointsfortheirbikeframes.Bambooisidealforbikesbecaus

eitcanabsorbsignificantlymoreshockthancarbonfiber.Itisalsoverylightweightcomparedtotraditionalbikematerials

,likesteel.Butbambooisincrediblystrongandcantakeontwicethecompressionforceassteel.2.CowboyCowoffersC

owboy,abikehidesthebatteryinitsframeunderthesaddle.Theremovablebatterytakesabouttwoandhalfhourstochargeandhasarangeofroughly31miles

,butthebestpartistheappfeatures.TheCowboyappgivestravelersarealtimedashboard(仪器板)tocheckouttheirspee

danddistance.Ridersneverneedtoworryaboutgettinglostsinceithasnavigationandcanpullupyourroutehistoryfromyourridestates.Thissm

arttechalsogivesridersupdatesaboutthebike’sstatus.TheCowboyhasahightechlockingsystemsotheowneristheonlyonewhocanstartupthebike.3.T

heFaradayBicycleFaradayebikeshavea250Wmotor,andthebatterycanbefullychargedinlessthan4hours.FaradayrecentlypartneredwiththeorganizationOneTreeP

lantedtohelpreforestCaliforniaafterthestateunderwentseriousdamagefromwildfiresthatdestroyedthousandsof

acresoflandinthearea.Thecompanysteppedupanddonated$100fromeverybikesoldtoplant100trees.4.TheDonkyBikeWilson,whoworks

forDonky,createdTheDonkyBike,apracticalcargobike.Thisbikewasdesignedtoeasilycarryacargoloadontheframe.Likeanygreatworkhorse,thisbikewasbuiltwithsi

mplelow-maintenancecomponentsandhasastrong,durableframe.31.Whichbikecanshowyouwhereyouare?A.Cowboy.B

.Bamboobikes.C.TheDonkyBike.D.TheFaradayBicycle.32.IfyouwanttohelpreforestCalifornia,youcanbuyabikefrom.A.FaradayB.CcyclesC.DonkyD.Cow33.Th

ebikethatWilsoncreated.A.hasa250WmotorB.carriesacargoontheframeC.islightweightbutstrongD.hasabatteryunderthesaddleBJourne

ytotheWestIfyouhaveadream,goforit.MydadtalkedofthejewelinChina’swesternpart,TibetAutonomousRegion.TibetwasaregionIwant

edtoseeanddiscoverbutitsremotenessandmyinabilitytofindtherighttimetogodelayedmyjourney.Afterafewtalkswithmy

dad,wedecidedtotakeapauseinourlivesforafewweeksinJuly2019tostartanamazingadventure.WestartedourjourneyonaSaturday

morningattheGuangzhoutrainstationinsouthChina.WestartedthefirstlegofthejourneyadmiringthemysteriousmountainsofsouthChina.Thenext

dayitchangedquitesuddenlytothedry,waterlesslandscapeofcentral-westChinaaswepassedthroughShanxiandGansuprovinces.Thateveningwea

rrivedatXining,QinghaiProvince,wherewegotontotheXining-Lhasatrain.WeweregreetedonthetrainwithTibetanyogurt.ThetrainsignswerealsowritteninTibetan,the

beautifulhandwritingmatcheditsenvironmentandpeople.ThefollowingafternoonwearrivedinLhasa.Lhasa,oneofthehighest-altitudecitiesintheworld

,isagemhiddenontheQinghai-TibetPlateau.Westartedourtourofthejewelbyexploringthepalaceandwatchinglocalpeopled

omorningpraysanddancesinthepark.OverlookingtheJokhangTemple,weenjoyedanamazinglybeautifulbreathtakingview,justlikewehadbeeninthefairyland.It’sas

tunning(令人震惊的)goldentempleinthemiddleofoldLhasa,whichwevisitednextbeforewanderingintheoldquartersandBarkhorStreetintheevening.BarkhorS

treetistheidealplacetotrylocalfoodandbuylocalproducts.Thefollowingday,westartedourjourneytotheQomola

ngmabasecampbyroadfromLhasa.AlongthewaywestoppedtoadmirethebeautifulYamdrokLake,ahugefreshwaterlakethatisoneofthethreelargestsacredlakes(圣湖)inTibet.Y

aks(牦牛)inblanketsandbellsatthelakemadeforapicturesqueimpressionofperfectcountrysideTibet.Aboutaweeklater,thehighlightcameintheafternoonwhenwearriv

edattheQomolangmabasecamp.Wewerestayinginaguesthousejustnexttothebasecamp.Afterdroppingoffourbackpacks,weheaded

straightoutsidetoseethemagnificentMtQomolangma.Thereitwas,thetopofthemountainpeekingthroughtheclouds,astonishinguswithitsunbelievabl

eheight.Weenjoyedthemountainwavesandsawthebeautifulcloudsseparateduntilthesunsetoverthepeak,feelingIwouldhaveregrettedfortherestofmylifeif

Ihadn’tmadethejourney.34.TheauthorwantedtogotoTibetAutonomousRegionbecause.A.hisfatherwantedhimtotravelther

eB.hisfatherthoughtitwasworthvisitingC.hewasinterestedinthemysteriousplaceD.hewantedtogotothefarthestplaceofChin

a35.Theauthorthoughtthemostexcitingpartofthejourneywasvisiting.A.JokhangTempleB.BarkhorStreetC.YamdrokLakeD.MtQomolangma36.Theunderlinedwo

rd“gem”inthefourthparagraphmeans.A.smartgeniusB.preciousstoneC.uniquetempleD.beautifulgrassland37.Theauthorwrotethispassagetotellus.A.beautiful

viewsareworththeriskyoutakeB.ifyouhaveadream,youshouldtrytomakeithappenC.youcanfinallyachieveyourdreami

fyouputyourheartonitD.travelingtenthousandmilesisbetterthanreadingtenthousandbooksCClimateChangeRequirestheWorld’sAttentio

nIn2013,alotofpeoplewereshockedbyanewsphotoofadeadpolarbearthatwasfoundonNorway’sArcticislandofSvalbard.Accordingtothescientistswhofounditsdeadbo

dyallthatremainedofthepolarbearwas“skinandbones”.Anexpertwhohasstudiedpolarbearsformanyyearssaidthatfromthe

positionofitsdeadbody,thebearappearedtohavestarvedanddied.Expertsclaimedthatlowsea-icelevelscausedbyclimatechange

meantthebearcouldnothuntsealsasbefore,soithadtotravelgreaterdistancesinordertofindfood.Thisalarmingcaseshowedhowtheincre

aseintemperaturehadanimpactonEarth’secology.Thenwhatiscausingtheincreaseintheglobalaveragesurfacetempe

rature?Climatescientistsoftenmentionakeyclimateprocesscalledthe“greenhouseeffect”,whichhastwocommonmeanings:the“natural”

greenhouseeffectandthe“man-made”greenhouseeffect.The“natural”greenhouseeffect,whichhelpskeeptheearthwarmenoughforpeople,plantsandanima

lstoliveon,referstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshort-waveradiat

ion.Theheatisreleasedbackintospaceatlongerwavelengths.Greenhousegasesintheatmosphere,suchasmethane(沼气)andcarbondioxide,trapsomeoftheheat,keepi

ngEarth’sclimatewarmandhabitable.Withoutthisprocess,Earthcouldnotsustainlife.However,theman-madegreenhouseeffecthasnowbecomeabigproblem.Whenpeo

pleproducehugeamountsofextragreenhousegasesbyburningfossilfuels,moreheatenergyistrappedintheatmosphereandcausesEarth’ssur

facetemperaturetorisequickly.Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweathera

ndnaturaldisastersworldwide,notonlycausingseriousdamage,butalsocostinghumanlives.Climatescientistshavewarnedthatifwedonottakeappropriateact

ions,thiswarmingtrendwillprobablycontinueandtherewillbeahigherpricetopay.Infact,newsreportsarefrequentlybroadcastaboutextremerainstormsandheatwavesca

usingdeathsandeconomiclosses.Continuedgreenhousegasemissions(排放)willresultinfurtherwarmingandlong-lastingchangestotheglobalclimate.Thisreq

uirestheattentionofpeopleallovertheworld.Governmentsneedtoconsidermakingpoliciesandtakingappropriateactionsandmeasuresto

reducegreenhousegasemissions.Weasindividualscanalsoreduceour“carbonfootprint”byrestrictingtheamountofcarbon

dioxideourlifestylesproduce.Itisourresponsibilitytoseizeeveryopportunitytoeducateeveryoneaboutglobalwarming,alongwithitscausesandimpacts,

becauseitisallofusthatsharethisplanet.Sowhatwillyoudotohelp?38.Thedeadpolarbearwasmentionedinthefirstparagraphto?A.sho

wpolarbearsareendangeredB.raisetheproblemofglobalwarmingC.raisetheawarenessofprotectinganimalsD.warnpeopleofthedamagecausedbytravelling39.Whatisca

usingtheriseofEarth’ssurfacetemperature?A.Methane.B.Carbondioxide.C.Heatfromthesun.D.Man-madeheatenergy.40.TheriseofEarth’ssurfacet

emperaturemayresultin.A.highercostoflivingB.bettergrowthofplantsC.moreextremeweathereventsD.speedingofanimalreproduction41.

Thelastparagraphmainlytellsusthat.A.policiesareimportanttostopcarbondioxideemissionsB.thelong-lastingeffectsofclimatechangeisvery

seriousC.everyoneshouldtakeactiontoreducegreenhousegasemissionsD.itisthegovernments’dutytocontroltheproce

ssofglobalwarmingDAnumberofstudiesshowthatsportsandotherphysicalactivitiescancontributetothedevelopmentofself-esteem(afeelingofprideinoneself).Forex

ample,Canadianscientistsfoundthatsixth-gradestudentswhoweremorephysicallyactivehadconsiderablyhigherlevelsofself-est

eem.AstudyinSwitzerlandfoundthatteenagerswhotookpartinsportsclubswerehealthier,includingbeingbettersociallyadjusted,feelinglessanxious,andgenerall

ybeinghappierabouttheirlives.SimilarfindingswerereportedinastudyofLatinostudents,whereparticipationinschoolsportwasfoundtobegreatlyassociatedwithsel

f-esteem.Thereseemslittledoubtthatpartofthepotency(潜能)ofsportsliesintheirsocialsetting.Therearealotoffactsshowingtheimportanceofsocialconnect

edness(关联性)forhealthychildandteenagerdevelopment,andsportsofferapopularandengagingsettingforsocialinteractions.Involvementinteamsportsha

sbeenpositivelyassociatedwithsocialacceptanceandasenseofbelonging,especiallywheresuchinvolvementischaracterizedbypositivecoach

ing,progressiveskilldevelopment,andpeersupport.But,thesocialsettingofsportscanexcludeaswellasinclude.Thereisnowevidence

thatboys’andgirls’experiencesofsportscanbeverydifferent,andthiscanaffectthecontributiontheycanmaketothe

self-esteemofplayers.Peeracceptanceseemstobeanimportantfactorindeterminingtherelationshipbetweensportparticipationandself-esteem,an

dgirlscanbeparticularlysensitivetonegativejudgments.Andstudieshavefoundthatmany‘girly’boysandgirlsbenefitm

ostfromnon-competitivephysicalactivities.So,anoteofcautionoughttobesoundedincasesportsareconsideredtobeacu

re.Muchoftheliteratureonthemostpositivepsychological(心理的)outcomesassociatedwithchildhoodandyouthsportsstresstheabsoluteimpo

rtanceofpositiveexperiences.Itwillsurprisenoonethatbullying,excludingorabuseexperienceswillharm,rath

erthansupportthedevelopmentofself-esteem,andwell-beingingeneral.Sadly,itwillalsonotbeashocktolearnthatmanychildren’si

ntroductionstosportsarefarfromimprovingthequalityoflife.ThegreatdevelopmentalpsychologistJeanPiagetarguedthatthefound

ationsofself-esteemwerelaidbetweentheagesofabout6and11yearsofage.Importantly,thisisalsothetimewhenchildrenaremostlikelytobeintroducedtosports.We

shouldknowtheimportanceofpositiveearlysportingexperiencesforthedevelopmentofbothself-esteemandon-goingparticipationinsp

ortsandotherphysicalactivities.Teachers,coaches,andparentshavearesponsibilitytoensurethattheseexperiences‘catch’asmanychildrenaspossible,

andforthistohappentheyneedtoremember‘theprinciplesofchilddevelopment’:Childrenarenotmini-adults.Problemsarisewhenadu

ltsforgettheseprinciples,andkidthemselvesintothinkingthattheyarecoachingfutureOlympiansorSuperstars.Unluckil

y,evidencesuggeststhattalentedchildrenaremostlikelytostandoutwhentheyaregiventimetodevelop,toplay,andtoremainchildre

n.Childrenarenotminiatureadults,andtheirenjoymentofsports(andtheirself-esteem)cansufferwhenadultsforgetthis!42.StudiesinSwitzerl

andandLatinoshowedteenagerswhooftenjoininsports.A.buildself-esteemearlierB.havemoregoodexperiencesC.aremores

ensitivetojudgmentsD.arehealthierbothphysicallyandmentally43.Ingeneral,theauthor’sattitudetowardtheinfluenceofsportsonteenagersis.A.posit

iveB.criticalC.uncertainD.tolerant44.Accordingtotheauthor,whenchildrentakepartinsports,they.A.willbehappie

rabouttheirlivesB.aremorelikelytobeattractedbycompetitivesportsC.shouldbetreatedbycoachesandparentsassuperstarsD.will

buildself-esteemifgivenpositivecommentandsupport45.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ChildrenShouldTakePartinSportsB.Spo

rtsOfferYouaBetterTeenageLifeC.SportsExperienceandBuildingSelf-EsteemD.PeopleShouldTreatTeenagersLikeMiniatureAdults第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TravelIsGoodForYourHealthAmericansarelosingtheirvacationdays,leadingt

omorestress,anxietyandothernegativeeffectsbecauseofnottakingtimeofffromwork.Infact,areportbyProject:TimeOff,showsU.

S.employeestookabout16vacationdaysin2013,downfromabout20in2000.Apartfromtakingawayyourselfthechancetoimproveyou

rproductivityandworkperformance,nottakingabreakcanleadtooverloadedstressandotherpotentiallydamaging.46Afte

rall,vacationsofferthechancetorelaxandrestoreyourhealth.47Youshouldtraveltonewplacesbecausetravelingsomewherenewcanenableyoutoputyourselfinnewsurrou

ndingsandrechargeyourbrainpower.48AccordingtoDr.MargaretJ.King,thedirectoroftheCenterforCulturalStudies&An

alysis,“Therearelotsofpsychologicalbenefitswhenyoutravelfromhomeandworkto‘thirdplaces’,notjustexperiencingtheenvironment.Wit

hashortlistofactivitieseachday,freedupfromtheprojectsandrelationships,themindcanreset,asdoesthebody,withstress

reliefthemainoutcome.”shesays.Littlesleepmixedwithhighstresscanleadtoangerandnegativeconsequencesonyou

rcognitiveperformanceandefficiency.MaxHirshkowitz,chairmanoftheboardoftheNationalSleepFoundationsaysavacationisagreatopportunity

tocatchuponsleep.49“Keepthattime,”hesays.“Makeitanimportantthingyouneed.”Manystudiessuggestthattravelcanimproveouremot

ionalstate.A2014surveyconductedbyDiamondResortsInternationalfoundoverthree-quartersofpeoplesaidfeelingha

ppierwhentheyplannedatripatleastonceayear.Dr.LeighVinocur,acertifiedphysicianandspokespersonfortheAmericanCollegeofEmergencyPhysicians,is

n’tsurprisedbythefindings.“It’shardtositonabeautifulbeachsomewhereandthinkaboutpaperworkordeadlines.Thatiswhyoverthree-quarter

sofpeopletotheDiamondResortsInternationalsurveyreportedfeelinghappierwhentheyregularlyhadavacation.Regularvacationswhiletakingtimefor

yourselfandyourfamilylowersyourstresslevel.50,”shesays.Besides,studiesshowthatlookingbackonthepleasantvacationmaykeephappinesslong

afteryourtrip.A.Theyhavebadeffectsonyourhealth,expertssay.B.Travelinghasmanyadvantages,withstressrelie

ftoppingthelist.C.Travelersmaybemoreactivethansittinginanofficechairallday.D.Travelcanhelpusresetouremotionsandactuallyincrea

secompassion.E.Butsimplytakingsometimefromyourdemandingworkdayscheduleisn’tenough.F.Tofeelmoreenergized,theNSFrecommendsatleast

sevenhoursofsleeppernightforadults.G.Italsodecreasestheproductionofallthestresshormonesthatcontributetodamagingourhealth.第三部分：书面表达（15分）假设你是红星中学高一学生

李华。你的英国笔友Peter对科学研究感兴趣，他来信请你介绍一位中国的科学家及其研究成果。请你给他回信，内容包括：1.科学家的姓名;2.科学家的研究成果；3.该研究成果的意义。注意：1.词数不少于50；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数

。DearPeter,——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————Yours,L

iHua（请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内）