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湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)英语第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheVirginIslandsNationalPar

kisatropical(热带的)paradiseontheislandofSt.John,whichcoversmorethanhalfofthesmallisland.ItissurroundedbytheAtlanticOceantothe

northandtheCaribbeanSeatothesouth,wheretheclimateiswarmallyear.Theisland'swhitesandbeachesandclearblueseasareconsideredto

beamongthemostbeautifulintheCaribbean,gainingreputationandpopularityamongvisitorsacrosstheworld.Howthenationalparkw

asformedLaurenceRockefellerwasanAmericanmillionaire,businessmanandconservationist.HevisitedSt.Johninthe1950s.Hequicklyfelli

nlovewiththeisland'sclean,purebeauty.Hefirstpurchasedasmallresortthere,CaneelBay.Healsopurchasedmorethan2,000hectaresoftheislandanddonatedittot

hegovernment.ThatdonationcreatedtheU.S.VirginIslandsNationalPark.ItwasofficiallyopenedasanationalparkonDecember1,1956.HowtogettotheparkTheonl

ywaytoreachtheparkisbyboat.Somepeoplearriveontheirownsailboats.Otherscomeinonlargecruiseships.Visitorsalsoarrive

onwatertaxisfromtheislandofSt.Thomas.WhattodoattheparkFromthetropicalhillstothebluewaters,therearemanythingstodoatth

eVirginIslandsNationalPark.Visitorsenjoyfishing,camping,sailing,scubadiving,snorkeling(浮潜),andbirdwat

ching.Ofallofthepark'sbeaches,TrunkBayBeachissaidtobethemoststriking.Belowtheclearbluewaterisa200-metersnorkelingpath.HawksnestBeachisa

lsoapopularplaceforsnorkeling.NeartheshorearethreesmallreefsofElkhornCoral.TheElkhornCoralgetsitsnamefromi

tsshape.Thereeflookssimilartothehugehorns(角)ofananimalcalledelk.Itisaveryrarekindofreef.Scientistssayitisindangerofbecomingextinct.TheVirg

inIslandsNationalParkisoftencalledAmerica'sparadise.ItprotectsSt.John'spristinenature,andpreservestherecordofhumanhistoryintheCaribbean.Don'thes

itate!Comehereandputyourselfintheparadise!1.WhatismostlikelyattractivetotouristswhentheyvisittheVirginIsla

ndsNationalPark?A.Itstropicalclimate.B.Itslocation.C.Itsbeautifulscenery.D.Itsactivity.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe

VirginIslandsNationalPark?A.Ananimalcalledelkisatriskofbecomingdyingout.B.Visitorscanchooseanymeansoftransportationtogettothepark.C.Laurence'

sdonationgreatlycontributedtothefoundationofthepark.D.Thereisa200-metersnorkelingpathbeneaththewateroftheHaw

ksnestBeach.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aspeechscript.B.Atravelbrochure.C.Anacademicessay.D.Ageographicjournal.BBoeing’sStarlinerspacecra

ftlandedinaNewMexicodesertlateonFriday,monthsafteritsoriginaldeparturedateandwithoutthetwoastronautsitcarriedwhenitlaunchedi

nearlyJune.TheNasaastronautsSuniWilliamsandButchWilmoreshouldhaveflowntheStarlinerbacktoEarthinJune,aweekafterlaunchinginit.Butthruster(推进器)fai

luresandhelium(氦气)leaksmarredtheirride.Instead,theywillremainattheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)fortherestoft

heyearandwillreturninFebruaryaboardtheSpaceXDragonspacecraft.NasaultimatelydecideditwastooriskytoreturnWilliamsandWilmoreontheStarline

r.Sothecapsulecontainstheiremptyseatsandbluespacesuitsalongwithsomeoldstationequipment.AfterNasa’sspaceshuttl

eswereretiredmorethanadecadeago,NasahiredBoeingandSpaceXfororbital(轨道的)taxiservice.Boeingranintosomanyproblemsonitsfirsttestflightwithnooneonboar

din2019thatithadtorepeatit.The2022do-overuncoveredevenmoreflawsandtherepairbilltopped$1.5bn.TheStarlinerfinallyblastedintospaceon5Junefrom

Florida’sCapeCanaveralSpaceForceStationafterunsuccessfullauncheson6Mayand1June.Onthefirstlaunchattempt,apro

blemwasfoundwithavalve(阀门)onthesecondstage,orupperportion,oftherocket.Onthesecond,acomputertrippedanautomaticholdjust

threeminutesand50secondsfromliftoff.Thatwaslaterattributedtoasinglegroundpowersupplyfaultwithinoneofthel

aunchcontrolcomputers.Evenafteritsuccessfullylaunched,heliumleakscontinuedtotroublethespacecraft.AstheStarlinerapp

roachedtheISS,twoleaksweredetectedbutNasadeterminedthespacecraftremainedstable.Whatstartedasaneight-d

aymissiondraggedonforthreemonthsaftertheleaksandfaultythrustersraisedsafetyconcerns.However,NasaandBoeingofficialsinsistedthattheastronaut

swerenottrappedandthatthetechnicaldifficultiesdidnotthreatenthemission.“We’llcomehomewhenwe’reready,”SteveStich,Nas

a’scommercialcrewprogrammanager,saidinthepressconferenceinJuly.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marred”inparagraph2mean?A.Un

derwent.B.Stimulated.CFacilitated.D.Blocked.5.WhatdoweknowaboutBoeing’sspacecraftlaunches?A.Theywerefilledwithdelaysandset

backs.B.Starliner’sinitiallaunchwentsmoothly.C.The2019mannedspaceflightwasafailureD.Reasonsoftheproblemswerestillunidentified

.6.Whydidn’tthetwoastronautscomebacktoEarthontime?A.Becausetheprojectwentovertheoriginalbudget.B.Becausetheywerebothinserioushealthconditions

.C.BecauseitwasdangeroustotaketheStarlinerthen.D.BecauseNasaofficialsfailedtoreachanagreement.7.Whatcanbeimpliedaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.T

hetwoastronautswouldcomebacksoon.B.Officialsconsideredthesituationwithincontrol.C.Nasaofficialswerepessimisticandpressed.D.Themissionwo

uldbecompletedin3months.CActorAliciaSilverstoneworriedfansonsocialmediarecently.WhileonatriptoEngland,shepostedaTikTokvideoofherselftastingak

indofpoisonousberriesshefoundalongasidewalk.Silverstone,whoappearedinthe1995movieClueless,saidshethoughtthefrui

twasatomato.Butwhenshebitintoitandfoundthatithadanunusualtaste,sherealizedthatitwasnotthecommonfood.Plantexpert,JessicaDamiano,recentlywr

oteaboutpoisonousplantsthatlooklikecommonfoodsfortheAssociatedPress.Shesaidthefruitthatlookedlikeatomatoappearstohavebe

enaJerusalemcherry.Oftensoldasahouseplant,allpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous.TheAmericanSocietyforthePreventiono

fCrueltytoAnimalssaystheplantisnotonlyharmfultohumansbutalsotodogs,catsandhorses.Eatinglargeamountscanbedeadly.Silverstonewasluckybecau

seshedidnotswallowtheberries.Shewasalsoluckybecausetheberrieswerereddishorange,whichmeanttheywereripe.WhileallpartsoftheJerusalem

cherryarepoisonous,theplant’sunripeberriescanbeespeciallydangerous.Theycancauseproblemswiththecentralnervousa

ndgastrointestinal(肠胃的)systems.TheJerusalemcherryisnottheonlytoxicplantthatlookslikeasafeone.Thepois

onousCarolinahorsenettlefruitalsolookslikeatomato.Itisalsoknownasdevil’spotatotoaddtothe.confusion.TheVirginiacreeperfruitalsolooks

likeblueberries,anditcanbedeadlyifeaten.Wildparsniphasflowerslikeacarrotandleaveslikeparsley(欧芹).Simplytouchingitcancauseaskinproblem.Cree

pingbuttercuplookslikeflat-leafparsley.Itcancauseseverestomachpain,vomiting(呕吐)andheartproblems.AndCanadianmoonsee

dcanbeconfusedwithwildgrape.However,itstasteissobitterthatyouwouldlikelyspititoutbeforeswallowingit.Thisisago

odthingbecauseeatingitcanleadtodeath.Ifyouthinkyouhaveswallowedatoxicplantbymistake,contactapoisoncontrolcen

terinyourareaoryourdoctorimmediately.Thereisadditionalinformationonthewebsitepoison.org.Damianoadvisesusingcommonsensewithplantsyou

findinthewild.Ifyouarenotcompletelysurethatsomethingisfood,donoteatit.8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Top

resenttheauthor’sargument.B.Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.CToraisethepublic’sattentionofwildplants.D.Topopularizeth

eknowledgeofmedicalscience.9.WhywasSilverstonethoughttobefortunate?A.Theberriesshehadabitewereripe.B.Shefoundthefruitsheatewasatomato

.C.Shehadagoodknowledgeofwildplants.D.Theamountoftheberriessheconsumedwaslarge.10.Accordingtothedescription,whatpla

ntscanbemostharmfultopeople?A.Carolinahorsenettleandwildparsnip.B.Virginiacreeperandcreepingbuttercup.C.Wild

parsnipandCanadianmoonseed.D.CanadianmoonseedandVirginiacreeper.11.Whatmaybethesuitablemeasureifsomeonemistakenlyswallowsapoi

sonousplant?A.Spittingitoutasquicklyaspossible.B.Makinganappointmentwiththeirdoctor.C.Gettingintouchwiththelocalauthorityinstantly.D.Searchingforthe

relevantinformationontheInternet.D.Superhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestopl

ayinggameslikechess,orsolvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.Butwehav

eonesuperpowertheyaren’tclosetomastering:mindreading.Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskil

lthatmeanswecananticipateotherpeople’sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAIsaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife—tocooperateeffectivelyw

ithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball—wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.

Inpsychology,theabilitytoinferanother’smentalstateisreferredtoastheoryofmind.Inhumans,thiscapacitydevelopsataveryyoungag

e.Howtoreproducethecapabilityinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.Oneofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinsta

nce,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouaregoingforarunandyoureply“it’sraining”,theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshugeamountsofbackgr

oundknowledgeaboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturallyfromon

e’sownlearningprocess.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.I

naddition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheoryofmindthatwedon’tknowaboutsimplyb

ecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesandacertainabilitytothink.ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.

Humanscanclearlyexplaintheirgoalstoeachotherusingcommonlanguageandideas.WhilelettingAIformthetheoryofmindintheirlearningprocessislikelytolead

todevelopingmorepowerfulAI,plainlybuildinginsharedwaystorepresentknowledgemaybecrucialforhumanstotrustandcommunicatewithAI.Itisimportanttoremember,t

hough,thatthepursuitofmachineswiththeoryofmindisaboutmorethanjustbuildingmoreusefulrobots.Itisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeeperg

oalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingaboutotherpeopleando

theragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontextscanAIunderstandwell?A.Wh

enaskedwhereanobjectis,anaughtykidpointsinthewrongdirection.B.Whenateacherasksforaboy’shomework,heanswers“mydogate

it”.C.Whenyouaretreatedwithahotpotfordinner,youreply“asorethroat”.D.Whenamomtellsherkidmilkisgoodforhealth,thekiddrinksitup.13.Whichstatem

entwilltheauthoragreewithmostabouttheoryofmind?A.Humans’theoryofmindisfarfromperfect.B.HumanslimitAI’sth

eoryofmindtoanextent.C.AI’stheoryofminddevelopmenthasbeentotallydecoded.D.Sharedformsoftheoryofmindresultinmorepo

werfulAI.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtrulyself-awaremachines?A.AmbiguousB.Conservative.C.Skeptical.

D.Approving.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AI’sTheoryofMindWillDefineOurFutureB.AIwithItsOwnTheoryofMindIsExpect

edCAI’sTheoryofMind—aBlessingorSufferingtoHumansD.TheoryofMindBridgestheGapBetweenHumansandAI第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。Ensuringthatyourhomeisasenergy-efficientasitcanpossiblybeisessential.Takethestepslistedbelow,andyou'llbelivingina

nenergy-efficienthomeinnotime.____16____Tostopitinitstracks,youmustinvestinhavingyourhouseinsulated(隔热的).Takingsuchactionmaydemandsomecost

inadvance,butitwillbesuretosaveyouoverf100ayearwhenitcomestoyourenergybills.Theoldboilers(锅炉)arenotasenergy-efficientas

theverylatestmodelsinthisfield.____17____Byinvestinginatopofthelineboiler,you'llnodoubttapintoanumberofsavings.What'smore,makingthiskin

dofinvestmentwillalsobesuretoloweryourhome'scarbonemissions.Onlywhenyouknowhowmuchenergyyouusecanyoutakeactiontobelesswastefulandmoreresourcefulinth

isinstance.____18____Toassistyouintakingonthisextremelyimportantchallenge,youmightwanttoconsiderfittinganenergymonitorinyourhome.____19____Buti

fyou'relucky,yourelectricityproviderwillgiveyouoneforfree.Thismonitorwillprovideyouandyourfamilywithconstantupdatesonth

eamountofenergyyouareusingonaday-to-daybasis.Withjustafewyearstogountilclimatechangealtersearthforever,nowisthetimeforyoutoplayyourpartinprotecting

theplanetthatyoulivein.____20____.A.Generally,thistypeofdevicewillcostbetweenf25andf40.B.Itmeansyoushouldtrytokeeptrackofene

rgyconsumption.C.Theinvestmentdemandedinthiscaseisofgreatsignificance.D.Byputtingtheaboveadviceintopractice,you'llbegreensoon.ETakingsuchactio

nwillhelpyouadjusttoclimatechangebetter.F.Mostofyourhome'swastedenergywillescapethroughyourroof.G.Itmightbehightimetoupdateyoursifyouhaven'tdon

esoforyears第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Notlongintomycareerinjournalism,Irealize

dIwasinneedofsomeslow,____21____adventure.Thekindoffunthatrequiredlittleplanning,zerostressandalotoftime.Thekindoftimeyouoftendidn'tgetina__

__22____.Andthat'swhenI____23____asecret.Washington,D.C.,thecitywhereIlive,isfullofhiddenfossils.Inmyoverstimulatedlif

e,Ibeganto____24____fossils.Manyofthelocalsitesarewithin80milessouthofthecapitalalongthePotomacRiver,sofossilhunting____25

____removesmefromthecity.Itisavisualgame,requiring____26____andfocus.Spottingrecognizableshapesinthewildislikethinkingov

erabroken____27____inthesediment(沉积物).Isitatooth,aboneorashell?I'mlookingforthe____28____endpieces.Thankfully,my____29____phonese

rviceintheseplacesholdsbacktherestoftheworldwhileI'mfindinganotherone.AndIknowthefossilsaren'tdemandi

ngmy_______30_______attentionbecausetheyhavenothingbuttime.Once,Itookabottle-cap-sizedtrilobite(三叶虫)fossilintothenewsroomandplaceditwithinmysight.Itw

assomethingIwantedto_______31_______throughouttheday.Turningoverthatpieceofrockisawayto_______32_______meoutsideforamomentandtoatimebeforeh

umansarrivedand_______33_______citiesontopofthoselands.Thinkingaboutgeologicaltimemakesmefeelbriefandremarkable,likethelittlet

rilobite.Myworriedmind_________34_________.Irealizealotofstressfuldetailsdon'tmatter.My_______35_______shifts.MaybeIdon'tneedtotakethatphonecallri

ghtthisminute.21.A.dangerousB.low-riskC.historicalD.romantic22.A.houseB.carC.newsroomD.school.23.A.revealedB.

hidC.guardedD.discovered24.A.seekB.searchC.purchaseD.modify25.A.graduallyB.physicallyC.eventuallyD.typicall

y26.A.patienceB.strengthC.trainingD.courage27.A.dreamB.imageC.resourceD.puzzle28.A.obviousB.expensiveC.rareD.impressive2

9.A.preciousB.conventionalC.poorD.clear30.A.scholarlyB.publicC.extraD.immediate31.A.avoidB.noticeC.introduceD.display3

2.A.touchB.holdC.seizeD.transport33.A.builtB.exploredC.conqueredD.found34.A.takesoffB.settlesdownC.goesblankD.runsout35.A.standpointB.questionC.stand

ardD.task第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。LongmenHydrologicalStation,whichhas

ahistoryof90yearssinceitsestablishmentin1934,istheonlyhydrologicalstation____36____(locate)onthecliffsoftheYellowRiver.Providinghydrologi

calinformationanddataforvarioustasks,suchasfloodcontrol,droughtrelief,disaster____37____(reduce),reservoiro

peration,waterresourcesallocationmanagementandwaterconservancyprojectconstruction,____38____isakeynationallevelhydrologicalstatio

n.ThehangingcraneboxonthecablepathacrosstheYellowRiveristheonlyway____39____(access)thestation.Asoppos

ed____40____thetraditionalmeasurementssuchastestingtheflowswithawoodenboat,thecurrentmeasurementsarequitehigh-tech.Thenewly-usedwa

terlevelidentificationsystemcannotonlyobtainthefluctuatingwaterlevelinformationtimely,butalsogenerateitin

todata____41____(automatic).Withanaverageageof28,thestaff____42____(work)atthestationtodayareyoungerthanthoseinprevious

years.InSeptember2019,ecologicalprotectionandhigh-qualitydevelopmentintheYellowRiverbasinweremade____43____majornatio

nalstrategy.ThroughoutthewholeYellowRiverbasin,145hydrologicalstations____44____(distribute)alongthewatercourse.Morethan2,000hydr

ologistsaregivingfullplaytotheroleof“eyesandears”_____45_____guardingtheYellowRiverwithresponsibilityandhardwork.第四部分写作(共两

节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华,你的英国笔友Mike所在的学校将开设汉语选修课。他来信咨询如何布置一间教室来营造良好的汉语学习氛围。请给他回信，提出建议并说明理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右。2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike,

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_______________________________________________________________________________________________Bestwishes!Yours,LiHua第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给

段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。OhnoCoachCaffertyjustsaidmyname.Forthatevent.Thetwo-hundred-metrebreaststroke(蛙

泳)forthecomingmeet!Notthebackstroke(仰泳)Ihadwishedandpracticedforsolong!Beadsofsweatpoppedoutovermyupperlip.Morganpre

ssedherelbowintomyside,tryingtooffermemoralsupport.Butitdidn’thelp.Mystomachsanktomykneeslikeabrickinwate

r.Morgantriedtoconvincemeitwouldbefine.“MaybeCoachhasmoreconfidenceinyouthanyouthink.OrmaybeCoachCaffertyjustwanttogivetherestala

ughwhenIsinktothebottomofthepool,”Ithoughtdesperately.IwalkedtowardsCoachCaffertyandtoldheraboutmyinabi

lityandmydesiretoquitthisevent.ShefrownedandaskedifitwaswhatIreallywanted.Ihesitated.Placingherhandonmyshoulder,shestart

edsmilingandencouragedmetopushmyselfoutsideofmycomfortzone.Thefirstpracticewasadisaster.Ilostrhythmonmystrokes.Imessedupmyturns.Ievenhadtostopand

catchmybreathafewtimes.Ifelteveryonewaslaughingatmeandmystomachtwisted.HowcouldImakeitwithinjusttwoweeks?Butonce

Idraggedmyselfoutofthewater,exhaustedandfrustrated,CoachCaffertythumbeduptome,sayingIdidreallywellandjustneededmoreconfidenceinmyselfandmoretimetopra

ctice.Onthewaybackhome,Morgancomfortedme,“Dear,justignoreothers.Raceagainstyourself.Countyour.ownstrokes.Provetoyourself

thatyoucandoit.”Withthesewordssaidtomealmosteveryday,beforeoraftereachpractice,somethinggraduallychange

d:bothhowIswamthebreaststrokeandhowIfeltabouttheeventaswellasmyself.Themeetfinallycame.Iarrivedatthepoolha

ll,stillalittlebitworried.Aseacheventclickedclosertomine,mykneesshook.Ibitmylipandlookedoutovertheotherswimmers.Morganleanedfor

ward.“Justswimyourrace.Remember,youcan!”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。Paragraph1:Thenthetwo-hundred-milestonebreaststrokewasa

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